River ecological protection slope

Abstract

The invention discloses a riverway ecological protection slope, and relates to the technical field of riverway nursing, the riverway ecological protection slope comprises a protection slope body which is sequentially arranged from the slope top to the slope toe, the protection slope body comprises a foundation supporting layer, an ecological structure layer and a vegetation community layer from inside to outside, and the ecological structure layer comprises a geotechnical composite material layer laid on the foundation supporting layer; the geotechnical composite material layer is of a three-dimensional net-shaped structure or a bag-type structure. Complex mechanical transmission, movable parts and sealing structures are completely omitted. The ecological niche complementary mixed planting mode of deep-rooted shrubs, shallow-rooted herbaceous plants and slope toe aquatic plants is adopted, the deep-rooted shrubs can enhance the deep stability of a slope body, the shallow-rooted herbaceous plants quickly cover a slope surface to reduce surface erosion, the aquatic plants are connected with a water and land ecological interface, and the deep-rooted shrubs, the shallow-rooted herbaceous plants and the water and land ecological interface cooperate to form a multi-layer and high-stability vegetation community; the water and soil conservation capacity of the bank slope is improved, diversified habitats are provided for animals and plants, and the natural ecological function of the river bank slope is restored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of river maintenance technology, specifically to an ecological riverbank protection system. Background Technology

[0002] Riverbank ecological slope protection is a comprehensive management technology that integrates water conservancy engineering, ecology, and environmental science. It aims to achieve multiple goals, including slope stability, soil and water conservation, habitat restoration, and water purification, through the organic combination of engineering structures and vegetation communities. Its core development trend is shifting from a single protective function to a diversified integration of functions such as ecology, landscape, and resource utilization.

[0003] There is a type of multifunctional integrated ecological slope protection solution in the existing technology, such as the invention patent application with publication number CN120311645B. Its technical solution is as follows: a planting area is set on the slope protection body and equipped with a complex mechanical transmission system consisting of a pressure water receiving trough, a pressure water storage trough, an extrusion plate, a movable plate, an arc-shaped track trough and a movable rod, so as to realize the automatic extension and retraction of the protective plate; at the same time, a solar-powered aquaculture cage lifting system and a rainwater collection and automatic irrigation system are integrated.

[0004] However, after in-depth analysis, the following significant drawbacks were found in this scheme, which limit its engineering application and ecological benefits: 1. Complex structure and low reliability: The protective function relies on a lengthy mechanical transmission chain, involving a large number of moving parts, sealing surfaces, and return springs. In the harsh environment of rivers with abundant silt, floating debris, and alternating wet and dry conditions, blockages, corrosion, jamming, and spring fatigue failure are highly likely to occur, leading to the failure of the core protective function and high maintenance costs.

[0005] 2. High functional coupling and mutual interference: The lifting and lowering of aquaculture cages and the adjustment of protective plates share the same power source and transmission mechanism, making the operation process cumbersome and mutually restrictive. Aquaculture activities frequently disturb the protective system, compromising the stability and independence of its automatic control.

[0006] 3. Insufficient eco-friendliness: Large areas of rigid protective panels cover the slope when needed, severely blocking sunlight and hindering plant photosynthesis and the exchange of matter and energy with the slope ecosystem. Essentially, this creates intermittent hardened shorelines, which contradicts the original intention of ecological restoration.

[0007] 4. Energy Dependence and Cost Issues: The system's operation is highly dependent on solar power and complex electrical controls. There is a risk of power shortages during prolonged periods of cloudy or rainy weather (when protection is most needed). The complex, customized structure results in extremely high initial investment and ongoing maintenance costs, making large-scale deployment difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing multifunctional integrated slope protection structures, such as complex structures, significant ecological disturbance, and low reliability, and to provide a river ecological slope protection system. This slope protection system abandons complex active mechanical adjustment mechanisms, adopting a design concept that combines layered composite structures, passive operation, and low-intervention intelligent assistance. It strengthens the soil-fixing function of plant roots and the ecological function of the community. Through a carefully designed passive erosion-resistant structure and an efficient water circulation system, it achieves a balance between slope protection structural stability, maximized ecological benefits, and minimized operation and maintenance costs.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An ecological riverbank protection system includes a slope protection body arranged sequentially from the top of the slope to the bottom. The slope protection body comprises, from the inside out, a basic support layer, an ecological structure layer, and a vegetation community layer. The ecological structure layer includes a geosynthetic composite material layer laid on the basic support layer. The geosynthetic composite material layer has a three-dimensional mesh structure or a bag-like structure. The geosynthetic composite material layer is filled with a nutrient matrix to form a planting base layer. The vegetation community layer includes vegetation anchored to the planting base layer. The vegetation is composed of deep-rooted shrubs, shallow-rooted herbaceous plants, and aquatic plants at the bottom of the slope, planted according to the principle of ecological niche complementarity. The slope protection body is embedded with several passive erosion-resistant structures in the water level fluctuation zone and easily eroded zone in the middle and lower part of the slope. The passive erosion-resistant structures are prefabricated components with hollow interiors and multiple ecological holes on the surface. The material is porous concrete or recycled composite material. The prefabricated components are arranged in a plum blossom or stepped array along the slope, and their interiors are filled with vegetation filler material that is the same as the nutrient substrate, and auxiliary vegetation is planted. At the top or shoulder of the slope protection body, an ecological water interception and infiltration ditch is set longitudinally along the river channel; the bottom of the ecological water interception and infiltration ditch is laid with a permeable layer, the ditch is filled with filter media and planted with water purification plants, and the downstream end of the ecological water interception and infiltration ditch is connected to the water collection structure through an infiltration pipe. The water collection structure is buried inside the slope or in the stable area at the toe of the slope. Its interior is divided into a sedimentation chamber and a clear water chamber by a partition. The sedimentation chamber is connected to the infiltration pipe. The clear water chamber is connected to the drip irrigation tape or infiltration irrigation network laid in the vegetation community layer through an irrigation pipe. A miniature water pump is installed on the irrigation pipe. The miniature water pump is electrically connected to a solar power supply structure and a soil moisture sensor. The outer wall of the partition has a lower water passage and an upper water passage. The sedimentation chamber of the water collection structure is equipped with a retractable debris filter basket. A water receiving hopper is fixedly connected to the top of the permeation pipe. One end of the permeation pipe extends into the sedimentation chamber and is fixedly connected to a fixed docking plate. The debris filter basket is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed docking plate.

[0010] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the geosynthetic composite material layer is a biodegradable plant fiber geocell or a high-strength three-dimensional geonet.

[0011] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the deep-rooted shrub is selected from one or more of Amorpha fruticosa, Tamarix chinensis, and Lespedeza bicolor; the shallow-rooted herbaceous plant is selected from one or more of Bermuda grass, tall fescue, ryegrass, and Zoysia japonica; and the aquatic plant is selected from one or more of reeds, cattails, water onions, and irises.

[0012] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the prefabricated components of the passive impact-resistant structure are hexagonal prisms, hollow blocks, or fish nest brick structures.

[0013] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the filter filler of the ecological water interception and infiltration ditch is made of coarse sand, gravel and zeolite in a layered ratio.

[0014] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: a closed lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the sedimentation tank, and an upper cover and a lower cover are slidably connected to the upper and lower ends of the closed lifting cylinder, respectively, and the upper cover and the lower cover are fixedly connected to the top of the debris filter basket through a connecting rod.

[0015] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the clear water tank of the water collection structure is provided with an overflow pipe, and the outlet of the overflow pipe extends below the normal water level of the river.

[0016] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the solar power supply structure includes a solar panel, a controller and a battery, and the solar panel is fixed to an unobstructed location on the top of the slope by a bracket.

[0017] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the soil moisture sensor is inserted into the nutrient substrate.

[0018] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: a sliding frame is fixedly connected to the side of the partition, a closed buoyancy plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding frame, and a counterweight is fixedly connected to the top of the closed buoyancy plate.

[0019] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the technical progress achieved by this invention compared to the prior art is as follows: 0. This invention provides an ecological riverbank protection system that completely eliminates complex mechanical transmissions, moving parts, and sealing structures. It employs a complementary mixed planting pattern of deep-rooted shrubs, shallow-rooted herbs, and aquatic plants at the slope's base. Deep-rooted shrubs enhance the deep stability of the slope, shallow-rooted herbs quickly cover the slope surface to reduce surface erosion, and aquatic plants connect the land and water ecological interface. These three elements work together to form a multi-layered, highly stable vegetation community, which not only improves the soil and water conservation capacity of the riverbank but also provides diverse habitats for flora and fauna, restoring the natural ecological function of the riverbank. Simultaneously, the geosynthetic composite material layer of the ecological structure layer, combined with the nutrient matrix, provides a stable substrate for vegetation growth, and the use of biodegradable materials further reduces the impact on the ecological environment.

[0020] 1. This invention provides an ecological riverbank protection system. Targeting the weak points in the lower and middle sections of the slope, particularly in areas prone to water level fluctuations and erosion, this invention employs a passive erosion-resistant structure. The hollow structure and ecological pore design of the prefabricated components effectively dissipate energy, reducing the scouring force of floodwaters on the slope foundation. The staggered or stepped arrangement further enhances the overall erosion resistance of the slope. Simultaneously, the erosion-resistant structure is filled with vegetation filler and planted with auxiliary vegetation, achieving an organic combination of erosion-resistant reinforcement and ecological restoration, avoiding the ecological fragmentation problem of traditional rigid erosion-resistant structures.

[0021] 2. This invention provides an ecological riverbank protection system. The ecological intercepting and infiltration ditch at the top of the slope can efficiently collect rainwater runoff. Through the layered filtration of the permeable layer and filter media, impurities and pollutants in the runoff are removed, and the purified rainwater enters the water collection structure for storage. During the dry season, the soil moisture sensor triggers a micro water pump to achieve precise irrigation of vegetation through drip irrigation tape, solving the problem of vegetation withering due to water shortage during the dry season in traditional ecological slope protection. The sedimentation tank and clear water tank of the water collection structure are designed separately, and with the help of a pull-out debris filter basket, it is easy to clean and intercept impurities, avoid blockage of the infiltration pipe and irrigation system, and ensure long-term stable operation of the system. The overflow pipe design of the clear water tank can discharge excess clear water into the river when there is excessive rainwater, avoiding waterlogging on the slope.

[0022] 3. This invention provides an ecological riverbank protection system that uses a solar power structure to power the micro water pump and control system, eliminating the need for an external power grid, reducing energy consumption and operation and maintenance costs. Furthermore, the solar panels are placed on an unobstructed area at the top of the slope, ensuring the stability of the power supply. The automatic triggering mechanism of the soil moisture sensor enables intelligent control of irrigation, avoiding the subjectivity and resource waste of manual irrigation, and significantly improving the operation and maintenance efficiency of the slope protection system. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the slope protection body of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the prefabricated component structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the water collection structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the debris filter basket structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the debris filter basket and the fixed docking plate in the separated state of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the partition structure of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Slope protection body; 11. Foundation support layer; 12. Ecological structure layer; 121. Geosynthetic composite material layer; 122. Nutrient matrix; 13. Vegetation community layer; 131. Deep-rooted shrubs; 132. Shallow-rooted herbaceous plants; 133. Aquatic plants; 2. Passive erosion control structure; 21. Precast components; 22. Ecological pores; 23. Vegetated filler; 3. Ecological intercepting and seepage ditch; 31. Permeable layer; 32. Filter filler; 33. Water purification plants; 34. Infiltration pipe; 4. Water collection structure; 41. Sedimentation chamber; 42. 43. Clear water tank; 44. Partition plate; 45. Enclosed upper lifting cylinder; 46. Lower cover; 47. Upper cover; 48. Connecting rod; 49. Fixed docking plate; 50. Lower water trough; 51. Upper water trough; 52. Miniature water pump; 53. Irrigation pipe; 54. Drip irrigation tape; 55. Soil moisture sensor; 46. Debris filter basket; 47. Overflow pipe; 58. Enclosed buoyancy plate; 59. Counterweight bar; 50. Sliding frame; 61. Solar power supply structure; 62. Solar panel; 63. Controller; 74. Battery; 85. Water receiving hopper. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments: Example 1, as Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, the present invention provides a river ecological slope protection, including a slope protection body 1 arranged sequentially from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope. The slope protection body 1 includes a basic support layer 11, an ecological structure layer 12, and a vegetation community layer 13 from the inside to the outside. The ecological structure layer 12 includes a geosynthetic composite material layer 121 laid on the basic support layer 11. The geosynthetic composite material layer 121 is a three-dimensional mesh structure or a bag structure. The geosynthetic composite material layer 121 is filled with a nutrient matrix 122 to form a planting base layer. The vegetation community layer 13 includes vegetation anchored in the planting base layer. The vegetation is composed of deep-rooted shrubs 131, shallow-rooted herbaceous plants 132, and aquatic plants 133 at the bottom of the slope, planted in a mixed manner according to the principle of ecological niche complementarity. In the water level fluctuation zone and easily eroded zone of the lower part of the slope, the slope protection body 1 is embedded with several passive erosion resistance structures 2. The passive erosion resistance structure 2 is a prefabricated component 21 with a hollow interior and multiple ecological holes 22 on the surface. Its material is porous concrete or recycled composite material. The prefabricated component 21 is arranged in a plum blossom or stepped array along the slope, and its interior is filled with the same vegetation filler 23 as the nutrient substrate 122, and is planted with auxiliary vegetation. At the top or shoulder of the slope protection body 1, an ecological water interception and infiltration ditch 3 is set longitudinally along the river channel; a permeable layer 31 is laid at the bottom of the ecological water interception and infiltration ditch 3, the ditch is filled with filter filler 32 and planted with water purification plants 33, and the downstream end of the ecological water interception and infiltration ditch 3 is connected to the water collection structure 4 through an infiltration pipe 34. The geocomposite layer 121 is a biodegradable plant fiber geocell or a high-strength three-dimensional geonet.

[0026] The deep-rooted shrubs 131 are selected from one or more of Amorpha fruticosa, Tamarix chinensis, and Lespedeza bicolor; the shallow-rooted herbaceous plants 132 are selected from one or more of Cynodon dactylon, Fescue stenoptera, Ryegrass, and Zoysia japonica; and the aquatic plants 133 are selected from one or more of Reed prawns, Typha orientalis, Onion ferns, and Iris tectorum.

[0027] The prefabricated components 21 of the passive impact structure 2 are hexagonal prisms, hollow blocks or fish nest bricks; the ecological pores 22 on their surface have a diameter between 30 and 100 mm and a porosity greater than 20%.

[0028] The filter media 32 of the ecological water interception and infiltration ditch 3 is made of coarse sand, gravel and zeolite in a layered ratio.

[0029] The solar power supply structure 6 includes a solar panel 61, a controller 62, and a battery 63. The solar panel 61 is fixed to an unshaded area on the top of the slope by a bracket.

[0030] Soil moisture sensor 54 is inserted into nutrient substrate 122.

[0031] In this embodiment, the nutrient substrate 122 is composed of humus, well-rotted organic fertilizer, river sand, and water-retaining agent mixed in a mass ratio of 6:2:1.5:0.5. The particle size is no greater than 5mm, the bulk density is 1.2-1.4g / cm³, and the organic matter content is ≥20%, ensuring the stability and fertility of the vegetation growth substrate.

[0032] The filter media 32 consists of a gravel layer at the bottom (particle size 20-50mm, thickness 20-30cm), a zeolite layer in the middle (particle size 5-10mm, thickness 15-20cm), and a coarse sand layer at the top (particle size 2-5mm, thickness 10-15cm).

[0033] The hexagonal prism precast components have a side length of 30-50cm and a height of 50-80cm. When arranged in a quincunx pattern, the center-to-center distance between adjacent components is 80-100cm. When arranged in a stepped pattern, the height of each step is the same as the height of the component, and the lateral spacing is 60-80cm.

[0034] Ecological intercepting infiltration ditch 3: The cross-section of the infiltration ditch is trapezoidal, with an upper bottom width of 60-80cm, a lower bottom width of 40-50cm, and a depth of 50-70cm; the permeable layer 31 is made of permeable non-woven fabric wrapped with gravel and laid with a thickness of 10-15cm.

[0035] Example 2, as Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: Preferably, the water collection structure 4 is buried inside the slope or in the stable area at the toe of the slope. Its interior is divided into a sedimentation chamber 41 and a clear water chamber 42 by a partition 43. The sedimentation chamber 41 is connected to the infiltration pipe 34. The clear water chamber 42 is connected to the drip irrigation tape 53 or the seepage irrigation network laid in the vegetation community layer 13 by an irrigation pipe 52. A micro water pump 51 is provided on the irrigation pipe 52. The micro water pump 51 is electrically connected to the solar power supply structure 6 and the soil moisture sensor 54. The outer wall of the partition 43 is provided with a lower water passage trough 49 and an upper water passage trough 50. The sedimentation chamber 41 of the water collection structure 4 is equipped with a retractable debris filter basket 411. The top end of the permeation pipe 34 is fixedly connected to a water receiving hopper 7. One end of the permeation pipe 34 extends into the sedimentation chamber 41 and is fixedly connected to a fixed docking plate 48. The debris filter basket 411 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed docking plate 48.

[0036] The top of the sedimentation tank 41 is fixedly connected to a closed lifting cylinder 44. The upper and lower ends of the closed lifting cylinder 44 are respectively slidably connected to an upper cover 46 and a lower cover 45. The upper cover 46 and the lower cover 45 are fixedly connected to the top of the debris filter basket 411 through a connecting rod 47.

[0037] The clear water chamber 42 of the water collection structure 4 is equipped with an overflow pipe 421, and the outlet of the overflow pipe 421 extends below the normal water level of the river.

[0038] A sliding frame 58 is fixedly connected to the side of the partition 43, a closed buoyancy plate 56 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding frame 58, and a counterweight bar 57 is fixedly connected to the top of the closed buoyancy plate 56.

[0039] In this embodiment, the water collection structure 4 is a fiberglass water tank buried underground behind the slope toe. Its interior is divided into a sedimentation tank 41 and a clear water tank 42 by a partition 43. The infiltration pipe 34 first enters the sedimentation tank 41, where a removable debris filter basket 411 intercepts large particles. After preliminary sedimentation, the water slowly flows into the clear water tank 42 through the lower overflow trough 49 or upper overflow trough 50 above the partition 43. An overflow pipe 421 is installed at the top of the clear water tank 42; when the water level is too high, the clear water overflows below the normal water level of the river and is discharged, preventing flooding. The outlet of the clear water tank 42 is connected to the irrigation system.

[0040] The irrigation system includes a micro-pump 51, irrigation pipes 52, and drip irrigation tapes 53 distributed throughout the root activity zone of the vegetation community layer 13. The start and stop of the micro-pump 51 are controlled by soil moisture sensors 54 buried in typical plant root zones. When the sensor detects that the soil moisture content is lower than a set threshold, it triggers the micro-pump 51 to operate, delivering water from the clear water tank 42 to the drip irrigation tapes 53 for precise irrigation. The entire control system and the micro-pump 51 are driven by a solar-powered structure 6. Solar panels 61 are installed on an unobstructed slope top, converting solar energy into electrical energy, which is then stored in a battery 63 via a controller 62, providing a stable and clean energy source for the system.

[0041] Example 3, as Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: preferably, the water receiving hopper 7 is funnel-shaped with a diameter greater than twice the diameter of the permeation pipe, and a grid (5mm aperture) is provided on the top to prevent large particles of debris from entering.

[0042] When the water level in the sedimentation tank 41 is lower than the lower water passage 49, the closed buoyancy plate 56 falls and closes the lower water passage 49 under the action of the counterweight bar 57; when the water level rises to submerge the lower water passage 49 (30-40cm from the bottom of the sedimentation tank 41), the closed buoyancy plate 56 rises under buoyancy and opens the lower water passage 49; when the water level continues to rise to the upper water passage 50 (20-30cm from the top of the sedimentation tank 41), the closed buoyancy plate 56 fully opens the upper water passage 50 to ensure rapid water flow.

[0043] The working principle of this river ecological slope protection will be explained in detail below.

[0044] like Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, during the normal water-saturation period / dry season: the vegetation community layer 13 grows normally, and the root system firmly holds the substrate. The ecological intercepting and infiltration ditch 3 collects and purifies a small amount of runoff, supplementing the water collection structure 4. When the soil moisture is suitable, the irrigation system is not activated.

[0045] During the rainy season: Some rainwater is intercepted and infiltrated by vegetation and substrate. Surface runoff is efficiently collected and filtered by ecological intercepting and infiltration ditches 3 and stored in the water collection structure 4. Excess water is safely discharged through overflow pipe 421. The passive erosion-resistant structure 2 directly resists raindrop splash erosion and slope flow scouring with its physical structure.

[0046] During the flood season: As water levels rise, some aquatic plants and erosion-resistant structures are submerged. The porous structure of passive erosion-resistant structure 2 effectively dissipates energy, reducing the scouring effect of water flow on the slope base. The vegetation sways flexibly in the water flow, further consuming the energy of the water flow. After the flood recedes, the slope protection system returns to its normal operating state.

[0047] During drought: Soil moisture sensor 54 triggers micro water pump 51 to use the water resources stored in water collection structure 4 to provide compensatory irrigation for plants, ensuring community survival and maintaining slope protection function.

[0048] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0049] The present invention has been described in detail above. However, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, any modifications or improvements that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A river ecological slope protection system, comprising a slope protection body (1) arranged sequentially from the top of the slope to the bottom, wherein the slope protection body (1) comprises, from the inside out, a basic support layer (11), an ecological structure layer (12), and a vegetation community layer (13), characterized in that: The ecological structure layer (12) includes a geosynthetic composite material layer (121) laid on the foundation support layer (11). The geosynthetic composite material layer (121) is a three-dimensional mesh structure or a bag structure. The geosynthetic composite material layer (121) is filled with a nutrient matrix (122) to form a planting base layer. The vegetation community layer (13) includes vegetation anchored in the planting base layer. The vegetation is composed of deep-rooted shrubs (131), shallow-rooted herbaceous plants (132), and slope-foot aquatic plants (133) planted in a mixed manner according to the principle of ecological niche complementarity. The slope protection body (1) is embedded with several passive erosion-resistant structures (2) in the water level fluctuation zone and easily eroded zone in the middle and lower part of the slope. The passive erosion-resistant structure (2) is a prefabricated component (21) with a hollow interior and multiple ecological holes (22) on the surface. Its material is porous concrete or recycled composite material. The prefabricated component (21) is arranged in a plum blossom or stepped array along the slope, and its interior is filled with the same vegetation filler (23) as the nutrient substrate (122) and planted with auxiliary vegetation. At the top or shoulder of the slope protection body (1), an ecological water interception and infiltration ditch (3) is set longitudinally along the river channel; a permeable layer (31) is laid at the bottom of the ecological water interception and infiltration ditch (3), the ditch is filled with filter filler (32) and planted with water purification plants (33), and the downstream end of the ecological water interception and infiltration ditch (3) is connected to the water collection structure (4) through an infiltration pipe (34). The water collection structure (4) is buried inside the slope or in the stable area at the toe of the slope. Its interior is divided into a sedimentation chamber (41) and a clear water chamber (42) by a partition (43). The sedimentation chamber (41) is connected to the infiltration pipe (34). The clear water chamber (42) is connected to the drip irrigation tape (53) laid in the vegetation community layer (13) through an irrigation pipe (52). A micro water pump (51) is provided on the irrigation pipe (52). The micro water pump (51) is electrically connected to the solar power supply structure (6) and the soil moisture sensor (54). The outer wall of the partition (43) is provided with a lower water passage trough (49) and an upper water passage trough (50). The sedimentation chamber (41) of the water collection structure (4) is equipped with a retractable debris filter basket (411). The top end of the permeation pipe (34) is fixedly connected to a water receiving hopper (7). One end of the permeation pipe (34) extends into the sedimentation chamber (41) and is fixedly connected to a fixed docking plate (48). The outer wall of the fixed docking plate (48) is slidably fitted with the debris filter basket (411).

2. The riverbank ecological revetment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The geosynthetic composite layer (121) is a biodegradable plant fiber geocell or a high-strength three-dimensional geotextile mat.

3. The riverbank ecological revetment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deep-rooted shrub (131) is selected from one or more of Amorpha fruticosa, Tamarix chinensis, and Lespedeza bicolor; the shallow-rooted herbaceous plant (132) is selected from one or more of Bermuda grass, tall fescue, ryegrass, and Zoysia japonica; and the aquatic plant (133) is selected from one or more of reeds, cattails, water onions, and irises.

4. The riverbank ecological revetment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prefabricated components (21) of the passive impact structure (2) are hexagonal prisms, hollow blocks or fish nest bricks; the diameter of the ecological holes (22) on their surface is between 30 and 100 mm, and the porosity is greater than 20%.

5. The riverbank ecological revetment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter media (32) of the ecological intercepting infiltration ditch (3) is made of coarse sand, gravel and zeolite in a layered ratio.

6. The riverbank ecological revetment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the sedimentation chamber (41) is fixedly connected to a closed lifting cylinder (44). The upper and lower ends of the closed lifting cylinder (44) are slidably connected to an upper cover (46) and a lower cover (45). The upper cover (46) and the lower cover (45) are fixedly connected to the top of the debris filter basket (411) through a connecting rod (47).

7. The riverbank ecological revetment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clear water tank (42) of the water collection structure (4) is provided with an overflow pipe (421), the outlet of which extends below the normal water level of the river.

8. The riverbank ecological revetment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar power supply structure (6) includes a solar panel (61), a controller (62) and a battery (63). The solar panel (61) is fixed to an unobstructed area on the top of the slope by a bracket.

9. A river ecological slope protection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil moisture sensor (54) is inserted into the nutrient substrate (122).

10. A riverbank ecological slope protection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sliding frame (58) is fixedly connected to the side of the partition (43), and a closed buoyancy plate (56) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding frame (58). A counterweight bar (57) is fixedly connected to the top of the closed buoyancy plate (56).

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