Cylindrical foundation of jacket

Abstract

The invention provides a jacket cylindrical foundation which comprises a cylindrical foundation body and a plurality of anchoring systems, the cylindrical foundation body comprises a plurality of mounting cavities, the mounting cavities vertically penetrate through the cylindrical foundation body, and the anchoring systems are partially mounted in the mounting cavities and partially extend out of the bottom of the cylindrical foundation body to be anchored into a soil layer. According to the invention, the problem that the active deep mechanical anchoring and the standardized cylindrical foundation main body cannot be integrated and controllably integrated by the existing jacket cylindrical foundation can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tubular foundation technology for duct stents, and particularly to a tubular foundation for duct stents. Background Technology

[0002] Current mainstream fixed deep-sea wind turbine foundations, such as monopile foundations, multi-pile jacket foundations, and traditional jacket suction cylinder foundations, have seen their inherent technical shortcomings amplified as they move into deep-sea environments. Monopile foundations offer advantages such as ease of construction and low cost, but in deep-sea environments exceeding 45 meters in depth, the natural frequency of the structure decreases significantly with the substantial increase in the cantilever length of the monopile. To meet overall stiffness requirements, ensure that the first-order natural frequency avoids the main excitation frequencies generated by wind turbine operation (especially the 1P and 3P frequencies of the impeller rotation), and effectively control the dynamic response and fatigue damage caused by environmental loads such as waves, it is necessary to significantly increase its bending stiffness. This necessitates increasing the pile diameter to over 10 meters, approaching the physical limits of current manufacturing, transportation, and construction equipment. Multi-pile jacket foundations, with their space truss structure, can effectively distribute loads and are commonly used in port and wharf design; however, their offshore piling operations require extremely high precision and a short construction window, resulting in long construction periods, high risks, and uncontrollable costs. Traditional jacket foundation suction cylinder foundations have advantages such as integrated floating transportation, low construction cost, and easy sinking and leveling. However, their bearing mechanism mainly relies on the lateral friction and end resistance between the cylinder wall and the soil. In geology with clay and sand mixed together, the cylinder is difficult to penetrate to the ideal depth, resulting in insufficient effective embedment depth and difficulty in guaranteeing overturning resistance under extreme working conditions.

[0003] Currently, while various solutions have been attempted for fixed wind turbine foundations in deep-sea areas, they all face significant technical bottlenecks and engineering challenges. For example, the "top-bearing cylindrical foundation with anti-overturning function" in CN118375167A, although it optimizes recyclability through segmented grouting and proposes auxiliary cylinders to expand the bottom support area, still has a passive bearing mechanism and cannot actively penetrate into stable strata to form deep anchorage. Similarly, the "offshore wind power composite cylindrical foundation with overturning reset function" in CN120042231A, although it is designed with a suction reset and hammer correction system, is essentially still a passive repair after the existing embedment depth is insufficient and tilting occurs, and does not fundamentally solve the inherent defect of insufficient effective embedment depth of the cylinder in deep and weak strata. The "lattice-type tower pile-tube combined foundation" of CN223535752U adopts a combination mode of "central tube + outer pile + diagonal connecting rod". Although it can improve bending resistance and reduce the footprint, it introduces a pile driving process, increasing the complexity, equipment requirements and costs of offshore construction. The "cylindrical foundation with a stable structure" of CN120844618A enhances lateral support by setting a rotatable resistance plate on the outside of the cylinder wall and local grouting, but its grouting enhancement range is limited and requires an additional complex traction and water spraying system, failing to form a structurally integrated, controllable deep anchoring system. None of these solutions achieve a highly integrated functional design like "integrated prefabrication, controllable sinking, and in-situ deep anchoring".

[0004] In summary, existing technologies share a common contradiction: in the process of expanding into deep-sea areas, either (such as traditional suction caissons) inherit the engineering advantages of integrated prefabrication and efficient placement, but cannot achieve reliable deep anchoring through their own structure to withstand extreme loads; or (such as composite pile foundations or auxiliary reinforcement schemes) attempt to improve bearing capacity, but introduce high costs, complex construction, or measures that increase uncertainty, thus losing the economic advantages of mass prefabrication and rapid installation. Existing technologies generally lack a solution that integrates active deep mechanical anchoring with a standardized cylindrical foundation in a controllable manner. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a jacket foundation tube type foundation to solve the problem that existing jacket foundation tube type foundations cannot integrate active deep mechanical anchoring with the standardized tube type foundation body in a controllable manner.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a jacket arch foundation, including a cylindrical foundation and multiple anchoring systems. The cylindrical foundation includes multiple mounting cavities, which vertically penetrate the cylindrical foundation. Part of the anchoring system is installed in the mounting cavity and extends from the bottom of the cylindrical foundation to anchor into the soil layer.

[0007] Optionally, the anchoring system includes an activation device and an anchor bolt device; the activation device includes a water injection assembly, a pressure chamber, and a piston assembly. The pressure chamber is fixedly installed in the mounting cavity and connected to the cavity wall. The piston assembly is located inside the pressure chamber and slidably connected to the inner wall of the pressure chamber, forming a piston pair with the pressure chamber. The anchor bolt device is connected to the piston assembly. The water injection assembly is used to inject water into the pressure chamber, so that the injected water pushes the piston assembly to slide along the inner wall of the pressure chamber, thereby pushing the anchor bolt device to gradually extend out of the pressure chamber.

[0008] Optionally, the anchoring system further includes a locking device located within the pressure chamber and on the sliding path of the piston assembly. The locking device allows the piston assembly to pass through as it pushes the anchor bolt device to gradually extend out of the pressure chamber, and restricts the piston assembly from retracting into the pressure chamber after the piston assembly has pushed the anchor bolt device to the designated position.

[0009] Optionally, the locking device includes a locking groove, a fastener, an elastic pressure plate, and a wedge-shaped locking hook; the locking groove is formed on the inner wall of the pressure chamber; one end of the elastic pressure plate is fixed in the locking groove by the fastener, and the other end is connected to the wedge-shaped locking hook, the wedge-shaped locking hook being farther away from the anchor bolt device than the fastener; the wedge-shaped locking hook has a wedge-shaped surface inclined from the locking groove toward the interior of the pressure chamber, the farthest point of the wedge-shaped surface from the locking groove is located inside the pressure chamber, the end of the wedge-shaped surface away from the anchor bolt device is at a first distance from the locking groove, and the end of the wedge-shaped surface closer to the anchor bolt device is at a second distance from the locking groove, the first distance being less than the second distance.

[0010] Optionally, the number of locking devices is multiple, and the multiple locking devices are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the pressure chamber.

[0011] Optionally, the anchoring system further includes a limiting device for preventing the anchor device from extending further out of the pressure chamber after the piston assembly has pushed the anchor device into position.

[0012] Optionally, the limiting device includes a wing plate fixedly mounted on the anchor bolt assembly and a boss mounted on the inner wall of the pressure chamber, the boss being used to limit the movement of the wing plate in the direction of extending the anchor bolt assembly out of the pressure chamber.

[0013] Optionally, the predetermined distance between the locking device and the limiting device is equal to the distance between the end of the piston assembly away from the anchor bolt device and the side of the wing plate that contacts the boss.

[0014] Optionally, the anchoring system may further include a grouting device for injecting grout into the soil layer through the anchor assembly.

[0015] Optionally, the cylindrical foundation includes a top plate, an outer cylindrical wall, an inner cylindrical wall, and a compartment plate. The inner cylindrical wall is located within the cavity of the outer cylindrical wall. The compartment plate divides the gap between the inner cylindrical wall and the outer cylindrical wall into multiple structural cavities. Multiple installation cavities are spaced apart within the walls of the inner cylindrical wall, the outer cylindrical wall, and the compartment plate. The installation cavities vertically penetrate the walls of the inner cylindrical wall, the outer cylindrical wall, and the compartment plate. The top plate covers the top of the inner cylindrical wall, the outer cylindrical wall, and the compartment plate. The anchoring system is installed within the installation cavity.

[0016] The tubular foundation for a duct support provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects: By integrating multiple anchoring systems with the cylindrical foundation, parts of the anchoring system are pre-installed within the installation cavity of the cylindrical foundation. During construction, these systems actively extend from the bottom of the cylindrical body and anchor into deeper, more stable soil layers. This design fundamentally changes the traditional suction cylinder's reliance on passive friction and end resistance for bearing capacity. It combines the engineering advantages of standardized, integrated prefabrication, overall floating transport, and rapid sinking of cylindrical foundations with the powerful pull-out and overturning resistance provided by active deep mechanical anchoring. It achieves a high degree of integration of "integrated prefabrication, controllable sinking, and in-situ active anchoring," effectively solving the common problems of insufficient foundation embedment and difficulty in guaranteeing bearing capacity and stability under complex geological conditions in deep-sea areas. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tubular foundation of the distal guide frame in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the cylindrical foundation of the distal guide frame in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the anchor bolt device portion of the anchoring system of the tube foundation of the guide frame in an embodiment of the present invention extending out of the pressure chamber; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the anchor bolt device of the anchoring system of the guide frame cylindrical foundation in this embodiment of the invention after it extends out of the pressure chamber. Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the anchoring system of the tube foundation of the guide frame in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of another part of the anchoring system of the tube foundation of the guide frame in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the soil-breaking component of the anchoring system for the jacket cylindrical foundation in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the anchor bolt device of the anchoring system for the jacket arch foundation in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100-Anchoring System; 110 - Arousal device; 111 - Water injection assembly; 1111 - Water pressure pipe; 1112 - Control valve; 112 - Pressure chamber; 113 - Piston assembly; 1131 - Slider; 1132 - Sealing groove; 1133 - Sealing ring; 120 - Anchor bolt device; 121 - Anchor bolt; 122 - Soil-breaking component; 1221 - Connecting ring; 1222 - Umbrella head; 1223 - Support rod; 1224 - Connecting rod; 1225 - Fixing sleeve; 130-Locking device; 131-Locking groove; 132-Fastener; 133-Elastic pressure plate; 134-Wedge-shaped locking hook; 140 - Limiting device; 141 - Wing plate; 142 - Boss; 150 - Grouting device; 151 - First grouting pipe; 152 - First grouting hole; 153 - Second grouting pipe; 154 - Second grouting hole; 155 - Third grouting hole; 156 - Grouting branch pipe; 157 - Grouting head assembly.

[0019] 200 - Cylindrical foundation; 210 - Top plate; 220 - Outer cylinder wall; 230 - Inner cylinder wall; 240 - Compartment plate; 250 - Structural cavity; 260 - Installation cavity; 300 - Jacket structure; 310 - Main leg column; 320 - Circular load-bearing column; 330 - Connecting transition section. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the following embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tubular foundation of the distal guide frame in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the cylindrical foundation 200 of the distal guide frame cylindrical foundation in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the anchor bolt device 120 of the anchoring system 100 of the jacket foundation in this embodiment of the invention, extending out of the pressure chamber 112. Figure 4This is a cross-sectional view of the anchor bolt device 120 of the anchoring system 100 of the jacket foundation in this embodiment of the invention after it extends out of the pressure chamber 112. Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the anchoring system 100 of the jacket arch foundation in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 This is another partial cross-sectional view of the anchoring system 100 of the jacket arch foundation in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the ground-breaking component 122 of the anchoring system 100 of the jacket foundation in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 8 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the anchor bolt device 120 of the anchoring system 100 of the jacket foundation in this embodiment of the invention. This embodiment provides a jacket foundation, including a cylindrical foundation 200 and multiple anchoring systems 100. The cylindrical foundation 200 includes multiple mounting cavities 260, which vertically penetrate the cylindrical foundation 200. Part of the anchoring system 100 is installed in the mounting cavity 260, and part of the anchoring system 100 extends from the bottom of the cylindrical foundation 200 and is anchored into the soil layer.

[0022] By integrating multiple anchoring systems 100 with the cylindrical foundation 200, a portion of the anchoring system 100 is pre-installed within the mounting cavity 260 of the cylindrical foundation 200. During construction, it actively extends from the bottom of the cylindrical body and anchors into a deeper, more stable soil layer. This design fundamentally changes the traditional suction cylinder's reliance on passive friction and end resistance for bearing capacity. It combines the engineering advantages of standardized, integrated prefabrication, overall floating transport, and rapid sinking of cylindrical foundations with the powerful pull-out and overturning resistance provided by active deep mechanical anchoring. It achieves a high degree of integration of "integrated prefabrication, controllable sinking, and in-situ active anchoring," effectively solving the common problems of insufficient foundation embedment and difficulty in guaranteeing bearing capacity and stability under complex geological conditions in deep-sea areas.

[0023] Specifically, the anchoring system 100 includes an actuation device 110 and an anchor bolt device 120. The actuation device 110 includes a water injection assembly 111, a pressure chamber 112, and a piston assembly 113. The pressure chamber 112 is fixedly installed within the mounting cavity 260 and connected to the cavity wall of the mounting cavity 260. The piston assembly 113 is located within the pressure chamber 112 and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the pressure chamber 112, forming a piston pair with the pressure chamber 112. The anchor bolt device 120 is connected to the piston assembly 113. The water injection assembly 111 injects water into the pressure chamber 112, thereby pushing the piston assembly 113 to slide along the inner wall of the pressure chamber 112, and then pushing the anchor bolt device 120 to gradually extend out of the pressure chamber 112 via the piston assembly 113. Thus, a specific and reliable driving scheme for the anchoring system 100 is provided. Hydraulic pressure is generated by injecting water into the pressure chamber 112 via the water injection component 111, which pushes the piston component 113 to slide, thereby smoothly and controllably driving the anchor bolt device 120 to penetrate the soil layer. This hydraulic drive method has high power and good controllability, and can overcome soil resistance to achieve deep anchoring. The entire activation process can be completed remotely or automatically after the cylindrical foundation 200 is in place, without the need for additional large piling equipment, simplifying the offshore construction procedure.

[0024] Furthermore, the anchoring system 100 also includes a locking device 130, which is located within the pressure chamber 112 and on the sliding path of the piston assembly 113. The locking device 130 allows the piston assembly 113 to pass through as it pushes the anchor bolt device 120 to gradually extend out of the pressure chamber 112. After the piston assembly 113 has pushed the anchor bolt device 120 into place, it restricts the piston assembly 113 from retracting into the pressure chamber 112. The locking device 130 automatically or passively locks the piston assembly 113 after the anchor bolt device 120 has extended to its designated position, preventing it from retracting under external loads (such as cyclic loads generated by wind turbine operation, wave forces, etc.). This ensures that the anchoring system 100 maintains a stable anchoring force during long-term service, avoids a decrease in bearing capacity due to the retraction of the anchor bolt 121, and greatly improves the long-term reliability of the foundation.

[0025] Specifically, the locking device 130 includes a locking groove 131, a fastener 132, an elastic pressure plate 133, and a wedge-shaped locking hook 134. The locking groove 131 is formed on the inner wall of the pressure chamber 112. One end of the elastic pressure plate 133 is fixed in the locking groove 131 by the fastener 132, and the other end is connected to the wedge-shaped locking hook 134. The wedge-shaped locking hook 134 is farther away from the anchor bolt device 120 than the fastener 132. The wedge-shaped locking hook 134 has a wedge-shaped surface that slopes from the locking groove 131 toward the interior of the pressure chamber 112. The farthest point of the wedge-shaped surface from the locking groove 131 is located inside the pressure chamber 112. The end of the wedge-shaped surface away from the anchor bolt device 120 is at a first distance from the locking groove 131, and the end of the wedge-shaped surface closer to the anchor bolt device 120 is at a second distance from the locking groove 131. The first distance is less than the second distance. Thus, the locking device 130 can achieve one-way self-locking. The wedge-shaped design of the wedge-shaped locking hook 134 allows the piston assembly 113 to be easily pressed down and passed through during its extension. When the piston assembly 113 has a reverse (retracting) tendency, the wedge-shaped locking hook 134 will lock more tightly into the piston assembly 113 (or its connected parts) under the reaction force, forming a self-locking mechanism. The elastic pressure plate 133 provides the necessary elastic reset and clamping force. This structure is simple and reliable, and can achieve automatic locking without external power.

[0026] The farthest point of the wedge-shaped surface from the locking groove 131 is located inside the pressure chamber 112. That is, the wedge-shaped surface extends obliquely from the side near the connection of the elastic pressure plate 133 towards the inner cavity of the pressure chamber 112, so that the free end of the wedge-shaped locking hook 134 extends into the inner cavity of the pressure chamber 112. In this way, after the piston assembly 113 passes through, the wedge-shaped locking hook 134 can lock the piston assembly 113 to prevent the piston assembly 113 from retracting.

[0027] Preferably, there are multiple locking devices 130, which are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the pressure chamber 112. By evenly arranging multiple locking devices 130 along the inner wall of the pressure chamber 112, it can be ensured that the piston assembly 113 is subjected to a uniform locking force in the circumferential direction, avoiding off-center loading or locking failure caused by single-point locking, and improving the reliability and stability of locking.

[0028] Furthermore, the anchoring system 100 also includes a limiting device 140, which restricts the anchor bolt device 120 from extending further out of the pressure chamber 112 after the piston assembly 113 pushes the anchor bolt device 120 into position. The addition of the limiting device 140 restricts the further extension of the anchor bolt device 120 after it has reached the designed depth. This prevents the anchor bolt 121 from detaching from the predetermined anchoring zone due to overshoot, or from damaging the equipment itself, ensuring precise control of the anchoring depth and position. Simultaneously, a cooperative working mechanism between the locking device 130 and the limiting device 140 is introduced. During installation, the piston assembly 113, driven by water pressure, can unidirectionally push the anchor bolt device 120 out through the locking device 130. Once the anchor bolt device 120 is in position (defined by the limiting device 140), the locking device 130 immediately restricts the piston assembly 113 from retracting, while the limiting device 140 prevents the anchor bolt device 120 from extending further. This mechanism rigidly "locks" the piston assembly 113, the anchor bolt device 120, and the pressure chamber 112 into a defined relative position, eliminating the gaps and inflexibility inherent in traditional connection methods. Consequently, the connection between the anchor bolt device 120 and the pressure chamber 112 transforms from a "movable connection" or "semi-rigid connection" to a "fixed connection," achieving optimized connection stiffness. This ensures that during subsequent service, any complex loads (tension, compression, bending, shear, torsion) from the superstructure cylindrical foundation 200 (through the pressure chamber 112) can be smoothly, directly, and continuously transmitted to the anchor bolt device 120, avoiding localized stress concentration and a decrease in overall system stiffness caused by inconsistent deformation at the connection interface. This fundamentally improves the load-bearing efficiency, fatigue life, and overall stability of the anchoring system 100 under complex loads in the deep sea.

[0029] Specifically, the limiting device 140 includes a wing plate 141 fixedly mounted on the anchor bolt assembly 120 and a boss 142 disposed on the inner wall of the pressure chamber 112. The boss 142 is used to limit the movement of the wing plate 141 in the direction extending out of the pressure chamber 112 from the anchor bolt assembly 120. This provides a simple and effective implementation of the limiting device 140. The wing plate 141 fixed to the anchor bolt 121 cooperates with the boss 142 on the inner wall of the pressure chamber 112. When the wing plate 141 moves with the anchor bolt 121 to contact the boss 142, the movement is stopped. This structure is intuitive, reliable, and easy to manufacture and install.

[0030] Preferably, the predetermined distance between the locking device 130 and the limiting device 140 is equal to the distance between the end of the piston assembly 113 away from the anchor bolt device 120 and the side of the wing plate 141 that contacts the boss 142. Thus, the arrangement of the locking device 130 and the limiting device 140 ensures that when the limiting device 140 is activated, the locking device 130 simultaneously locks the piston assembly 113. This dimensional matching is a key design feature for achieving "synchronous locking." It ensures that when the wing plate 141 of the anchor bolt device 120 just contacts the boss 142 (when the limiting device 140 is activated), a specific part of the piston assembly 113 (typically the rear end) has also moved to the optimal position to engage with or be locked by the locking device 130. This design ensures that the two actions of the anchor bolt device 120 being positioned and the piston assembly 113 being locked occur almost simultaneously in time, avoiding idle movement of the piston assembly 113 or the anchor bolt device 120 due to timing differences, and guaranteeing a smooth, accurate and reliable transition of the system from the driving state to the rigid locking state.

[0031] Specifically, the water injection assembly 111 includes a water pressure pipe 1111, a control valve 1112, and a drive pump. The water pressure pipe 1111 is connected to the pressure chamber 112, the drive pump is mounted on the water pressure pipe 1111, and the control valve 1112 is mounted on the water pressure pipe 1111 and located between the pressure chamber 112 and the drive pump. The water pressure pipe 1111 is used to transport high-pressure water, the drive pump provides the pressure source, and the control valve 1112 is used to precisely control water injection / stopping and pressure regulation. This assembly can achieve remote or automated control, is flexible in operation, and can adjust the water injection pressure and speed according to soil conditions to optimize the anchoring process.

[0032] Specifically, the piston assembly 113 includes a slider 1131, a sealing groove 1132 formed on the sliding surface of the slider 1131, and a sealing ring 1133 installed in the sealing groove 1132. The slider 1131 forms a piston pair with the inner wall of the pressure chamber 112. The piston assembly 113, with its slider 1131, sealing groove 1132, and sealing ring 1133, ensures a good and reliable piston pair with the inner wall of the pressure chamber 112. The sealing ring 1133 effectively prevents leakage of high-pressure water inside the pressure chamber 112, ensuring hydraulic drive efficiency. The slider 1131 structure ensures smooth movement.

[0033] Preferably, there are three sealing grooves 1132, which are arranged sequentially along the sliding direction of the slider 1131. The three sealing rings 1133 arranged sequentially along the sliding direction form a multi-stage seal. This greatly enhances the reliability of the seal; even if one sealing ring 1133 is slightly worn or fails, the other two can still guarantee basic sealing performance, improving the system's durability and fault tolerance.

[0034] Preferably, the sealing ring 1133 is made of hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR). HNBR possesses excellent oil resistance, seawater corrosion resistance, high and low temperature resistance, and good mechanical strength, making it particularly suitable for long-term use in high-pressure and corrosive environments in marine engineering, effectively extending the service life of the sealing system.

[0035] Specifically, the inner chamber of the pressure chamber 112 is cylindrical. Designing the inner chamber of the pressure chamber 112 as cylindrical ensures uniform stress distribution, facilitates machining, and provides a good match with the cylindrical piston assembly 113 (slider 1131), which helps form a stable, low-friction sliding pair and ensures smooth driving.

[0036] Specifically, the anchor bolt device 120 includes an anchor bolt 121 and a soil-breaking component 122. The soil-breaking component 122 is installed at the end of the anchor bolt 121 away from the piston assembly 113, and the anchor bolt 121 is mounted on the piston assembly 113. The anchor bolt 121 provides the main force transmission structure, and the soil-breaking component 122 is installed at its end, responsible for breaking or displacing the soil during the penetration of the anchor bolt 121, reducing penetration resistance, and enabling the anchor bolt 121 to penetrate the predetermined soil layer more effectively.

[0037] Preferably, the anchor bolt 121 is threadedly connected to the piston assembly 113. The threaded connection between the anchor bolt 121 and the piston assembly 113 provides a secure and reliable connection, facilitates prefabrication and assembly in the factory, and improves the maintainability and modularity of the system.

[0038] Specifically, the ground-breaking component 122 includes a connecting ring 1221, an umbrella head 1222, multiple support rods 1223, and multiple connecting rods 1224. The connecting ring 1221 is sleeved on the anchor rod 121 and fixedly connected to it. The umbrella head 1222 is fixedly disposed at the end of the anchor rod 121 away from the piston assembly 113. The support rods 1223 are hinged to the umbrella head 1222. The two ends of the connecting rods 1224 are respectively hinged to the support rods 1223 and the connecting ring 1221. In this way, an active, step-like increase in pull-out bearing capacity can be achieved, forming a synergistic effect of "strong connection-strong anchoring" with the aforementioned high-rigidity connection. Specifically: Synergistic reinforcement with high-rigidity connection: The "weak connection" of the traditional anchor rod device 120 will weaken or even destroy the effective transmission of the bearing effect at the end of the anchor rod 121. The embodiment, through the locking and limiting device 140, first solves the problem of "connection stiffness," achieving efficient and lossless load transfer from the pressure chamber 112 to the anchor bolt 121. Based on this offshore wind turbine, the "high end bearing capacity" provided by the umbrella-shaped ground-breaking component 122 is transferred to the superstructure without loss and completely through this rigid connection channel, avoiding the failure to realize the bearing potential due to deformation at the connection point. The combined effect of these two components achieves full-path reinforcement from the "connection interface" to the "anchoring end," optimizing the ultimate pull-out resistance and stiffness of the entire anchoring system 100.

[0039] Preferably, the soil-breaking component 122 further includes a fixing sleeve 1225, which is fixed to the anchor rod 121, and the connecting ring 1221 is fixedly connected to the fixing sleeve 1225. By setting the fixing sleeve 1225, a stable and reliable fixing base is provided for the connecting ring 1221, enhancing the integrity and strength of the connection between the soil-breaking component 122 and the anchor rod 121, and ensuring that it will not loosen or fail under complex stress conditions.

[0040] Preferably, the soil-breaking component 122 is made of a high-strength alloy material. This ensures that the soil-breaking component 122 has sufficient strength, hardness, and toughness when impacting and compressing hard or gravelly strata, and is not easily deformed or damaged, thus ensuring its soil-breaking and anchoring functions.

[0041] Preferably, the surface of the ground-breaking component 122 is specially treated to have good wear resistance and corrosion resistance, so as to adapt to the complex geological environment and marine corrosive environment of the deep sea. In this way, it can effectively resist the long-term damage of complex geological conditions in the deep sea (such as sand and gravel abrasion) and highly corrosive marine environment (chloride ion corrosion), and greatly extend the service life of the anchoring system 100.

[0042] Preferably, the end of the umbrella head 1222 furthest from the anchor rod 121 is a pointed tip. The pointed tip structure helps to concentrate stress in the initial stage of penetration, penetrate the soil, reduce the initial penetration resistance, and guide the anchor rod 121 smoothly into the soil layer.

[0043] Preferably, the anchoring system 100 further includes a grouting device 150 for injecting grout into the soil layer through the anchor rod 121. After the anchor rod 121 is inserted into place, grout can be injected into the soil around the anchor rod 121 through this device. After the grout solidifies, it can significantly improve the bonding performance between the anchor rod 121 and the soil, fill the voids in the soil, and form a consolidated body with an enlarged head, thereby greatly improving the pull-out bearing capacity and lateral restraint force of the anchor rod 121, making the anchoring effect more stable and durable.

[0044] Specifically, the grouting device 150 includes a grout supply assembly, a first grouting pipe 151, a first grouting hole 152, a second grouting pipe 153, a second grouting hole 154, a third grouting hole 155, multiple grouting branch pipes 156, and multiple spray nozzle assemblies 157. The first grouting hole 152 is located on the pressure chamber 112, the second grouting hole 154 is located on the piston assembly 113, and the third grouting hole 155 is located inside the anchor bolt 121. One end of the grouting pipe... The first grouting pipe 154 is connected to the second grouting pipe 155, which is connected to the first grouting hole 152. The second grouting pipe 153 is connected to one end of the first grouting hole 152, and the other end of the second grouting pipe 153 is connected to the second grouting hole 154. The third grouting hole 155 communicates with the second grouting hole 154. The grouting branch pipe 156 is located inside the anchor bolt 121 and communicates with the third grouting hole 155. The grouting head assembly 157 is connected to the grouting branch pipe 156. This provides a complete grouting pathway. From the external grouting supply assembly, through sequentially connected pipes and holes, the grout is ultimately delivered to multiple grouting branch pipes 156 and grouting heads inside the anchor bolt 121. This design achieves controllable delivery of grout from the outside to the depth of the anchoring point, ensuring that the grouting range covers the anchoring section.

[0045] Preferably, the grouting head assembly 157 and the grouting branch pipe 156 correspond one-to-one. This multi-point arrangement allows the grout to be sprayed evenly into the surrounding soil from multiple positions and directions of the anchor bolt 121, forming a more uniform and better-encapsulating reinforcement zone, thus optimizing the grouting reinforcement effect.

[0046] Preferably, the grouting head assembly 157 includes a ball joint and a nozzle. The nozzle is connected to the grouting branch pipe 156 via the ball joint structure. A grouting channel is formed within the ball joint. The grouting cylinder pipe is connected to both the grouting branch pipe 156 and the nozzle. The nozzle is connected to the grouting branch pipe 156 via the ball joint structure. The ball joint provides multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment capability, allowing the nozzle's spray angle to be adjusted as needed (or adaptively under grouting pressure), which helps the grout to spread more evenly and avoids localized grout concentration or reinforcement blind spots caused by a fixed direction.

[0047] Specifically, the cylindrical foundation 200 includes a top plate 210, an outer cylindrical wall 220, an inner cylindrical wall 230, and a compartment plate 240. The inner cylindrical wall 230 is located within the cavity of the outer cylindrical wall 220. The compartment plate 240 divides the gap between the inner cylindrical wall 230 and the outer cylindrical wall 220 into multiple structural cavities 250. Multiple installation cavities 260 are spaced apart within the walls of the inner cylindrical wall 230, the outer cylindrical wall 220, and the compartment plate 240. The installation cavities 260 vertically penetrate the walls of the inner cylindrical wall 230, the outer cylindrical wall 220, and the compartment plate 240. The top plate 210 covers the top of the inner cylindrical wall 230, the outer cylindrical wall 220, and the compartment plate 240. The anchoring system 100 is installed within the installation cavity 260. The structure employs a multi-chamber configuration consisting of a top plate 210, inner and outer cylindrical walls 220, and compartment plates 240, with the installation cavity 260 cleverly placed within the walls, achieving a high degree of integration between structure and function. This structure boasts excellent overall integrity and high rigidity, providing sufficient buoyancy and installation space while ensuring the secure installation and guiding accuracy of the anchoring system 100.

[0048] Specifically, the inner cylinder wall 230, the outer cylinder wall 220, and the compartment plate 240 are steel-reinforced concrete structures, with multiple installation cavities 260 arranged at intervals between them. The cylinder wall adopts a steel-reinforced concrete structure, that is, reinforced concrete is poured between two layers of steel plates to form a sandwich structure. The steel plates form a waterproof and corrosion-resistant outer shell and provide some tensile strength, while the internal reinforced concrete filling provides compressive strength and overall rigidity. This composite structure combines the advantages of steel and concrete structures, offering high strength, good durability, and ease of floating installation at sea. The spaced installation cavities 260, while ensuring structural strength, provide channels for the anchoring system 100.

[0049] Preferably, the interior of the steel-concrete composite structure can be filled with reinforced concrete, steel mesh, or plain concrete to increase the structure's compressive strength and stability. The specific material options (reinforced concrete, steel mesh, or plain concrete) for filling the interior of the steel-concrete composite structure are clearly defined. This provides design flexibility, allowing the selection of the most economical and reasonable reinforcement method based on the load levels and cost requirements of different sea areas, to precisely meet the structure's compressive strength and stability needs.

[0050] Preferably, the outer cylinder wall 220 is enclosed in a regular polygonal structure with 4 to 12 sides and a side length of 10 to 30 meters; the inner cylinder wall 230 is also enclosed in a regular polygonal structure, and the wall thickness of both the outer and inner cylinder walls 220 and 230 is 400 mm to 800 mm. This defines the regular polygonal structure and its size range for the outer and inner cylinder walls 220 and 230. While the stress distribution of a regular polygonal structure is slightly more complex than that of a circular structure, it is easier to manufacture and connect to the jacket support. The defined size range (side length 10-30 meters, wall thickness 400-800 mm) provides an engineering and standardized basis for the design of this type of foundation, enabling it to adapt to different capacities of wind turbines and varying water depths and geological conditions.

[0051] Preferably, the inner cylinder wall 230, the outer cylinder wall 220, and the compartment plate 240 are provided with mounting cavities 260 at intervals of 2-5m. The mounting cavities 260 are cylindrical structures with a diameter of 300-600mm. The arrangement spacing (2-5m) and dimensions (cylindrical diameter 300-600mm) of the mounting cavities 260 are given. Reasonable spacing ensures uniform distribution of anchoring points, effectively coordinating anti-overturning measures. Clear dimensions standardize the design of the anchoring system 100, facilitating mass production and installation.

[0052] Preferably, the system also includes a vertically arranged jacket structure 300, which is connected to the cylindrical foundation 200. This clarifies the inclusion of the vertical jacket structure 300 connected to the cylindrical foundation 200. This constitutes a complete "cylindrical foundation + jacket" offshore wind turbine support system. The cylindrical foundation serves as the lower gravity / anchored foundation, and the jacket serves as the upper support transition section, jointly transferring the wind turbine load to the ground. This system combines the advantages of both foundation types.

[0053] Preferably, the jacket structure 300 is wider at the bottom and narrower at the top. The jacket structure 300 includes multiple main legs 310, diagonal braces 340 located between two main legs 310, four circular load-bearing columns 320 mounted on the compartment plate 240 of the cylindrical foundation, and a connecting transition section 330 connecting the bottom of the main legs 310 and the circular load-bearing columns 320. The specific form of the jacket structure 300 is provided as a frustum-shaped space truss, wider at the bottom and narrower at the top, composed of main legs 310, X-shaped diagonal braces 340, load-bearing columns, and connecting transition section 330. This structure has excellent mechanical properties, efficiently transferring upper bending moments and shear forces to the lower cylindrical foundation 200, exhibiting structural stability and relatively economical steel consumption. The connecting transition section 330 ensures a reliable connection between the jacket and the cylindrical foundation. Furthermore, the cylindrical foundation can directly bear the weight of the upper jacket structure 300 when it is lowered into place.

[0054] Preferably, the diagonal brace 340 is a plurality of X-shaped supports. The diagonal brace 340 is specified as a plurality of X-shaped supports. X-shaped supports are an efficient structural form in space trusses, providing good lateral stiffness and stability in multiple directions, effectively resisting horizontal loads in all directions, and optimizing the internal force distribution of the structure.

[0055] In this embodiment, the construction process of the jacket arch foundation is as follows: First, onshore prefabrication and assembly: In the shipyard or dry dock, the concrete pouring and steel structure installation of the cylindrical foundation 200 are completed. At the same time, the components of the anchoring system 100 are pre-installed into the corresponding installation cavities 260. The anchor bolt device 120 is initially retracted into the pressure chamber 112, and the ground-breaking component 122 extends out of the cylindrical foundation 200.

[0056] Secondly, maritime transport and positioning: Using the buoyancy of the cylindrical foundation 200, it is towed together with the superstructure to the wind farm site. The cylindrical foundation 200 is then lowered to the predetermined position on the seabed and leveled using ballast or suction methods.

[0057] Then, the anchoring is activated: The control valve 1112 of the water injection assembly 111 and the drive pump are activated to inject high-pressure water into the pressure chamber 112. The water pressure pushes the piston assembly 113 (slider 1131) downward. The piston assembly 113 pushes the threadedly connected anchor bolt device 120 downward. The umbrella head 1222 of the soil-breaking assembly 122 at the bottom of the anchor bolt 121 first penetrates the soil, reducing penetration resistance. During the piston's downward movement, the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped locking hook 134 is pressed down by the slider 1131, allowing it to pass through.

[0058] Secondly, locking and limiting at the designated position: When the anchor bolt 121 moves downward to the designed depth, its upper flange 141 contacts and abuts against the protrusion 142 on the inner wall of the pressure chamber 112, and the limiting device 140 is activated, preventing the anchor bolt 121 from moving further downward. At the same time, due to the preset distance relationship, the piston slider 1131 moves to the position of the lowest locking device 130. At this time, if the anchor bolt 121 is subjected to an upward pulling force or has a tendency to retract, the slider 1131 will press against the back of the wedge-shaped locking hook 134. Under the reaction force, the elastic pressure plate 133 is compressed and deformed, causing the wedge-shaped locking hook 134 to lock more tightly into the slider 1131 (or a groove designed to cooperate with it), realizing automatic mechanical locking and preventing retraction.

[0059] Subsequently, grouting reinforcement can be optional: After the anchoring system 100 is locked, if further improvement in bearing capacity is required, the grouting device 150 can be activated. Grout is supplied externally, passing through the first grouting pipe 151, the first grouting hole 152, the second grouting pipe 153, and the second grouting hole 154, entering the third grouting hole 155 inside the anchor rod 121, then branching to four grouting branch pipes 156, and finally sprayed from a nozzle that can be slightly oscillated, evenly seeping into the soil surrounding the lower section of the anchor rod 121. After the grout solidifies, it forms an expanded consolidated body, greatly enhancing the bond strength and lateral friction resistance between the anchor rod 121 and the soil.

[0060] Finally, completion and service: Once all anchoring systems 100 are activated and locked (and grouted), the entire jacket cylindrical foundation obtains a composite load-bearing system composed of the cylinder's own gravity / suction and deep active mechanical anchoring, which can safely support the upper wind turbine structure and resist extreme loads in the deep sea.

[0061] The above description is merely a description of preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. Any changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure shall fall within the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A jacket foundation, characterized in that, It includes a cylindrical foundation and multiple anchoring systems. The cylindrical foundation includes multiple mounting cavities that vertically penetrate the cylindrical foundation. Part of the anchoring system is installed in the mounting cavity and extends from the bottom of the cylindrical foundation to anchor into the soil layer.

2. The tube foundation for the guide frame as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The anchoring system includes an activation device and an anchor bolt device. The activation device includes a water injection assembly, a pressure chamber, and a piston assembly. The pressure chamber is fixedly installed in the mounting cavity and connected to the cavity wall. The piston assembly is located inside the pressure chamber and slidably connected to the inner wall of the pressure chamber, forming a piston pair with the pressure chamber. The anchor bolt device is connected to the piston assembly. The water injection assembly is used to inject water into the pressure chamber, so that the injected water pushes the piston assembly to slide along the inner wall of the pressure chamber, thereby pushing the anchor bolt device to gradually extend out of the pressure chamber.

3. The tube foundation for the jacket structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The anchoring system also includes a locking device located inside the pressure chamber and on the sliding path of the piston assembly. The locking device allows the piston assembly to pass through as it pushes the anchor bolt device to gradually extend out of the pressure chamber, and restricts the piston assembly from retracting into the pressure chamber after the piston assembly has pushed the anchor bolt device to the position.

4. The tube foundation for the jacket structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The locking device includes a locking groove, a fastener, an elastic pressure plate, and a wedge-shaped locking hook; The locking groove is formed on the inner wall of the pressure chamber; One end of the elastic pressure plate is fixed in the locking groove by the fastener, and the other end is connected to the wedge-shaped locking hook. The wedge-shaped locking hook is farther away from the anchor bolt device than the fastener. The wedge-shaped locking hook has a wedge-shaped surface that slopes from the locking groove toward the interior of the pressure chamber. The farthest point of the wedge-shaped surface from the locking groove is located inside the pressure chamber. The end of the wedge-shaped surface away from the anchor bolt device is at a first distance from the locking groove, and the end of the wedge-shaped surface closer to the anchor bolt device is at a second distance from the locking groove. The first distance is less than the second distance.

5. The tube foundation for the jacket structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The number of locking devices is multiple, and the multiple locking devices are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the pressure chamber.

6. The tube foundation for the jacket as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The anchoring system also includes a limiting device for preventing the anchor bolt device from extending further out of the pressure chamber after the piston assembly has pushed the anchor bolt device into position.

7. The tube foundation for the jacket structure as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The limiting device includes a wing plate fixedly mounted on the anchor bolt assembly and a boss mounted on the inner wall of the pressure chamber, the boss being used to limit the movement of the wing plate in the direction of extending the anchor bolt assembly out of the pressure chamber.

8. The tube foundation for the jacket structure as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The predetermined distance between the locking device and the limiting device is equal to the distance between the end of the piston assembly away from the anchor device and the side of the wing plate that contacts the boss.

9. The tube foundation for the jacket structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The anchoring system also includes a grouting device for injecting grout into the soil layer through the anchor bolt assembly.

10. The tube foundation for the guide frame as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cylindrical foundation includes a top plate, an outer cylindrical wall, an inner cylindrical wall, and a compartment plate. The inner cylindrical wall is located within the cavity of the outer cylindrical wall. The compartment plate divides the gap between the inner cylindrical wall and the outer cylindrical wall into multiple structural cavities. Multiple installation cavities are spaced apart within the walls of the inner cylindrical wall, the outer cylindrical wall, and the compartment plate. The installation cavities vertically penetrate the walls of the inner cylindrical wall, the outer cylindrical wall, and the compartment plate. The top plate covers the top of the inner cylindrical wall, the outer cylindrical wall, and the compartment plate. The anchoring system is installed within the installation cavities.

Images