Anti-outburst reverse air door capable of being opened and closed intelligently

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mines, and discloses an intelligent opening and closing outburst prevention reverse air door which comprises an air door body, a sensor, a PLC box, an air control box, a pneumatic executing mechanism, an audible and visual alarm, an air door button and an air door position sensor. The air door body comprises a door frame fixed in a roadway wall pier and a door leaf hinged through a hinge. The pneumatic executing mechanism is fixed to the door leaf through the fixator and used for driving the door leaf to be opened and closed. The air control box takes a roadway compressed air system as an air source, is internally provided with a high-sensitivity electromagnetic valve and is connected with the PLC box and the pneumatic actuating mechanism; the sensor is installed at the position 5-10 m behind a driving working face and used for monitoring the gas concentration, pressure, wind speed and wind direction and transmitting signals to the PLC box. The PLC box is installed on the air inlet side of a main roadway, judges an outburst event according to a preset rule, and outputs a control signal to the pneumatic control box to achieve automatic opening and closing. The system is high in response speed, high in reliability, high in automation degree, high in expandability and capable of blocking outburst gas flow in time and reducing disaster loss.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of coal mine safety technology and relates to an intelligent opening and closing anti-outburst reverse air door. Background Technology

[0002] Coal and gas outbursts refer to the phenomenon where, under the combined action of ground stress and gas pressure, coal and gas are ejected from the coal seam at extremely high speeds into the mining space within a very short period of time. This phenomenon is extremely destructive; the resulting high-speed gas flow can destroy roadway facilities, disrupt ventilation systems, and even cause airflow reversal, leading to serious safety accidents and casualties. In coal mine production, coal and gas outbursts are one of the most common major disasters, especially in high-gas mines. According to relevant statistics, the root cause of many coal mine accidents lies in the suddenness and unpredictability of gas outbursts. Once they occur, if they are not controlled in time, they can rapidly spread throughout the entire mine system, causing chain reactions such as gas explosions or asphyxiation incidents.

[0003] To address coal and gas outbursts, coal mine safety systems have incorporated reverse ventilation doors as crucial ventilation facilities. The primary function of these doors is to prevent gas from flowing back into the intake system during an outburst, thus effectively mitigating the spread of the outburst's impact. According to the "Coal Mine Safety Regulations" and other relevant regulations, reverse ventilation doors must be opened and secured when personnel enter the working face, and closed when no one is present or during blasting to ensure the normal operation of the ventilation system. However, currently, most underground coal mine workers typically use simple methods, such as using stones or sticks to prop up the reverse ventilation doors. This method is not only inconvenient to operate but also requires manual closure in emergencies, easily delaying the process and allowing gas to flow back into the return airway, potentially causing secondary accidents.

[0004] Existing technologies have explored various design approaches for outburst prevention doors, such as installing mechanical structures or devices that utilize the shock wave from a coal and gas outburst to trigger the door's closure. While this mechanical triggering method improves responsiveness to some extent, it has significant limitations. Firstly, some coal and gas outbursts generate relatively small shock waves, insufficient to automatically close the door, leading to closure failure and continued gas backflow, expanding the disaster area. Secondly, these mechanical devices have low reliability and are easily affected by the mine environment, such as dust accumulation or mechanical wear, resulting in malfunctions or failures to operate. Furthermore, existing outburst prevention doors have low automation levels, relying mainly on manual intervention or simple mechanical linkages, failing to achieve real-time monitoring and intelligent judgment of mine environmental parameters. In the early stages of an outburst, if changes in gas concentration, pressure, wind speed, and wind direction cannot be detected quickly, door closure will be delayed, increasing the risk of an accident.

[0005] Furthermore, existing reverse ventilation door designs often overlook the importance of comprehensive multi-parameter monitoring. For example, relying solely on a single indicator like pressure or shock wave cannot accurately distinguish between normal fluctuations and outburst events, leading to low judgment accuracy. Simultaneously, the lack of an effective alarm mechanism prevents timely evacuation alerts during outbursts, increasing the time personnel are exposed to danger. Additionally, existing designs suffer from inadequate system integration, such as unstable connections between control units and actuators, making them prone to failure in humid, dusty mine environments. These problems result in slow response times, poor reliability, and low automation levels in existing technologies, failing to meet the high safety requirements of modern coal mines. To address these shortcomings, an intelligent ventilation door system is needed that can monitor multiple parameters in real time, automatically determine outburst events, quickly execute closing actions, and issue alarms to reduce outburst damage to a controllable range. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of slow response speed, poor reliability and low degree of automation in the prior art, and to provide an intelligent opening and closing anti-outburst reverse ventilation door that can automatically close the reverse anti-outburst ventilation door in a timely manner when a coal and gas outburst occurs, so as to reduce the loss of the outburst disaster to a controllable range.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A smart opening and closing anti-collision reverse air door includes an air door body, a sensor, a PLC box, a pneumatic control box, and a pneumatic actuator; the air door body includes a door frame and a door leaf, the door frame is fixedly installed in the roadway wall, and the door leaf is hinged to the door frame; the pneumatic actuator is fixed to the door leaf by two fasteners and is used to drive the door leaf to open or close. The air source of the pneumatic control box is the compressed air system in the tunnel. It is equipped with a high-sensitivity solenoid valve. One end of the high-sensitivity solenoid valve is connected to the PLC box, and the other end is connected to the pneumatic actuator. It is used to receive the control signal from the PLC box and control the pneumatic actuator to operate through the high-sensitivity solenoid valve. The sensor is installed behind the tunneling face to monitor the gas concentration, pressure, wind speed, and wind direction parameters in the mine, and transmits the monitoring signals to the PLC box. The PLC box is installed on the intake side of the main roadway and connected to the sensor. It receives the monitoring signals from the sensor and determines whether a coal and gas outburst has occurred according to preset rules. When an outburst is determined to have occurred, a control signal is output to the gas control box to realize the automatic opening and closing of the air door.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes an audible and visual alarm, which is connected to the PLC box and is used to receive control signals from the PLC box when an incident occurs, and to issue audible and visual alarm signals to remind personnel to evacuate.

[0009] Furthermore, the door frame is also equipped with a damper button, which is connected to the PLC box and is used to manually control the opening or closing of the door.

[0010] Furthermore, the door is equipped with a door position sensor to detect its open or closed state and transmit the status signal to the PLC box. Furthermore, the sensors include a gas sensor, a pressure sensor, a wind speed sensor, and a wind direction sensor to achieve comprehensive monitoring of mine environmental parameters, supporting the PLC box's judgment.

[0011] Furthermore, the PLC box is equipped with a data storage module, which is integrated with the internal circuit of the PLC box to record the monitoring data of the sensor and the operating status information of the damper body, supporting data analysis and fault diagnosis.

[0012] Furthermore, the pneumatic actuator is a cylinder, which is fixedly connected to the door leaf through the retainer and is connected to the air circuit of the high-sensitivity solenoid valve, so as to realize the precise movement control of the door leaf by air pressure drive.

[0013] Furthermore, the preset rules of the PLC box include real-time acquisition of gas concentration, pressure, wind direction and wind speed data from the sensors, and outstanding judgment by threshold comparison. If the threshold is exceeded, a signal is output to the gas control box to close the door; if the threshold is not exceeded, the door remains open.

[0014] Furthermore, the communication connection between the sensor, PLC box, pneumatic control box, pneumatic actuator and damper button can be wired or wireless.

[0015] Furthermore, the pneumatic control box is equipped with a control circuit, which is used to process the signals from the PLC box, regulate the opening and closing actions of the pneumatic actuator through the high-sensitivity solenoid valve, and feed back the execution status to the PLC box to form a closed-loop mechanism.

[0016] Furthermore, the sensor is designed to be installed 5-10m behind the tunneling face and connected to the PLC box via a signal line to ensure the timeliness and accuracy of the monitoring data and support the intelligent response of the air damper.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) Fast response speed: The system monitors parameters such as gas concentration, pressure, wind speed, and wind direction in the mine in real time through sensors. These sensors are installed 5-10m behind the working face and can detect subtle changes in the early stages of an outburst, transmitting the signals to the PLC box. The PLC box makes rapid judgments based on the preset program logic. Once the detected parameters exceed the threshold, it outputs control signals to the pneumatic control box and the audible and visual alarm. The pneumatic control box controls the pneumatic actuator through a high-sensitivity solenoid valve, driving the door to close within seconds and blocking the outburst gas flow. Compared with the traditional mechanical triggering method, this real-time monitoring and rapid response mechanism greatly shortens the response time, avoids closure failure due to insufficient shock wave, and ensures timely isolation of the disaster area when an outburst occurs, reducing the risk of gas spread.

[0018] (2) High reliability: The system adopts PLC control technology. The PLC box is installed on the intake side of the main roadway, which has high stability and anti-interference ability, and can effectively avoid malfunctions or failures caused by dust, humidity and other factors in the mine environment. At the same time, the system integrates a data storage module to record monitoring data and operating status, which is convenient for post-event analysis and maintenance. The pneumatic actuator uses a cylinder, which is stably connected to the door leaf through a fixing device. The air circuit connection with the pneumatic control box is reliable, ensuring consistent operation. In addition, the door position sensor provides real-time feedback on the door leaf status, which further enhances the closed-loop control of the system, improves the overall reliability, and enables the door to operate stably under complex mine conditions, reducing the failure rate.

[0019] (3) High degree of automation: The system achieves automatic opening and closing of the air doors without manual intervention. The integration of sensors, PLC box, pneumatic control box, and pneumatic actuators forms an intelligent control chain. When the hazard of an outburst is eliminated, the PLC box automatically outputs a signal to open the air door and restore ventilation. At the same time, the audible and visual alarm is automatically triggered during an outburst to remind personnel to evacuate, reducing reliance on manual operation. The air door button serves as a supplement to manual operation and is only used when the automatic operation fails. This design improves work efficiency and safety and is suitable for the automation management needs of modern coal mines.

[0020] (4) High scalability: The system design allows for adjustments to the number and type of sensors according to actual mine needs, such as adding more gas or pressure sensors to cover a wider range of monitoring points. The PLC box's program logic is flexibly programmable to adapt to different mine threshold settings. Connection methods support wired or wireless, facilitating system expansion or modification without altering the core structure. This flexibility makes the ventilation doors suitable for coal mines of various sizes, expanding system functionality, such as integrating remote monitoring, and further enhancing protection levels.

[0021] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the intelligent opening and closing anti-surge reverse air door in this invention.

[0023] Reference numerals: 1-Sensor; 2-Damper button; 3-Door frame; 4-Door leaf; 5-Pneumatic control box; 6-Audible and visual alarm; 7-PLC box; 8-High-sensitivity solenoid valve; 9-Pneumatic actuator; 10-Fixer; 11-Damper position sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0025] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual pictures. They should not be construed as limiting the invention. To better illustrate the embodiments of the invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0026] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, an intelligent anti-collision reverse-flow damper includes a damper body, a sensor 1, a PLC box 7, a pneumatic control box 5, a pneumatic actuator 9, an audible and visual alarm 6, a damper button 2, and a damper position sensor 11. The damper body includes a door frame 3 and a door leaf 4. The door frame 3 is fixedly installed inside the tunnel wall, and the door leaf 4 is hinged to the door frame 3. The pneumatic actuator 9 is fixed to the door leaf 4 by two retainers 10 and is used to drive the door leaf 4 to open or close. The pneumatic actuator 9 is a cylinder, which is fixedly connected to the door leaf 4 by the retainers 10 and is connected to the air circuit of a high-sensitivity solenoid valve 8, so as to achieve precise movement control of the door leaf 4 by air pressure.

[0028] The air source for the pneumatic control box 5 is the compressed air system inside the tunnel. It is equipped with a high-sensitivity solenoid valve 8. One end of the high-sensitivity solenoid valve 8 is connected to the PLC box 7, and the other end is connected to the pneumatic actuator 9. It is used to receive the control signal from the PLC box 7 and control the pneumatic actuator 9 to move through the high-sensitivity solenoid valve 8. The pneumatic control box 5 is equipped with a control circuit. This circuit is used to process the signal from the PLC box 7, regulate the opening and closing of the pneumatic actuator 9 through the high-sensitivity solenoid valve 8, and feed back the execution status to the PLC box 7 to form a closed-loop mechanism.

[0029] Sensor 1 is installed 5-10m behind the tunneling face and includes a gas sensor, a pressure sensor, a wind speed sensor, and a wind direction sensor. It is used to monitor the gas concentration, pressure, wind speed, and wind direction parameters in the mine and transmit the monitoring signals to PLC box 7. PLC box 7 is installed on the intake side of the main roadway and connected to sensor 1. It is used to receive the monitoring signals from sensor 1 and determine whether a coal and gas outburst has occurred according to preset rules. When an outburst is detected, a control signal is output to the air control box 5 to realize the automatic opening and closing of the air door. PLC box 7 is equipped with a data storage module, which is integrated with the internal circuit of PLC box 7. It is used to record the monitoring data of sensor 1 and the operating status information of the air door body, and supports data analysis and fault diagnosis. The preset rules of PLC box 7 include real-time acquisition of gas concentration, pressure, wind direction, and wind speed data from sensor 1, and outburst judgment by threshold comparison. If the threshold is exceeded, a signal is output to the air control box 5 to close door 4; if the threshold is not exceeded, the door remains open.

[0030] The audible and visual alarm 6 is connected to the PLC box 7 and is used to receive the control signal from the PLC box 7 when an emergency occurs, and to issue an audible and visual alarm signal to remind personnel to evacuate. The door frame 3 is also equipped with a damper button 2, which is connected to the PLC box 7 and is used to manually control the opening or closing of the door leaf 4. The door leaf 4 is equipped with a damper position sensor 11, which is used to detect the opening or closing status of the door leaf 4 and transmit the status signal to the PLC box 7. The communication connection between the sensor 1, the PLC box 7, the pneumatic control box 5, the pneumatic actuator 9 and the damper button 2 is either wired or wireless.

[0031] When the ventilation door system is activated at the underground tunneling face in a coal mine, sensor 1 first monitors the gas concentration, pressure, wind speed, and wind direction parameters in the mine from 5-10m behind the tunneling face, and transmits the monitoring signals to PLC box 7. PLC box 7 receives the monitoring signals from sensor 1 and makes real-time judgments according to preset rules, including collecting data on gas concentration, pressure, wind direction, and wind speed, and making outburst judgments through threshold comparisons. When an outburst is judged, i.e., the parameters exceed the threshold, PLC box 7 outputs control signals to pneumatic control box 5 and audible and visual alarm 6. Pneumatic control box 5 regulates the closing action of pneumatic actuator 9 through high-sensitivity solenoid valve 8, driving door 4 to close and blocking the outburst gas flow. At the same time, audible and visual alarm 6 emits audible and visual alarm signals to remind personnel to evacuate. Ventilation door position sensor 11 detects the closing status of door 4 and feeds back the status signal to PLC box 7, forming a closed-loop confirmation. Once the immediate danger is eliminated, i.e. the parameters have not exceeded the threshold, the PLC box 7 outputs a control signal to the pneumatic control box 5; the pneumatic control box 5 regulates the opening action of the pneumatic actuator 9 through the high-sensitivity solenoid valve 8, driving the door 4 to open and restoring ventilation; the damper position sensor 11 detects the opening status of the door 4 and feeds back the status signal to the PLC box 7.

[0032] When automatic control fails, the door leaf 4 can be manually opened or closed via the damper button 2; the data storage module of PLC box 7 records all monitoring data and operating status information, supporting subsequent analysis; the entire control process does not require additional mechanical triggering, but only achieves automatic adjustment through sensor monitoring and PLC logic, ensuring stable operation of the system when the load changes.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart opening and closing anti-surge reverse air damper, characterized in that, Includes damper body, sensor, PLC box, pneumatic control box, and pneumatic actuator; The damper body includes a door frame and a door leaf. The door frame is fixedly installed inside the tunnel wall, and the door leaf is hinged to the door frame. The pneumatic actuator is fixed to the door leaf by two fasteners and is used to drive the door leaf to open or close. The air source of the pneumatic control box is the compressed air system in the tunnel. It is equipped with a high-sensitivity solenoid valve. One end of the high-sensitivity solenoid valve is connected to the PLC box, and the other end is connected to the pneumatic actuator. It is used to receive the control signal from the PLC box and control the pneumatic actuator to operate through the high-sensitivity solenoid valve. The sensor is installed behind the tunneling face to monitor the gas concentration, pressure, wind speed, and wind direction parameters in the mine, and transmits the monitoring signals to the PLC box. The PLC box is installed on the intake side of the main roadway and connected to the sensor. It receives the monitoring signals from the sensor and determines whether a coal and gas outburst has occurred according to preset rules. When an outburst is determined to have occurred, a control signal is output to the gas control box to realize the automatic opening and closing of the air door.

2. The intelligent opening and closing anti-reverse damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an audible and visual alarm, which is connected to the PLC box and is used to receive control signals from the PLC box when an incident occurs, and to issue audible and visual alarm signals to remind personnel to evacuate.

3. The intelligent opening and closing anti-reverse damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The door frame is also equipped with a damper button, which is connected to the PLC box and is used to manually control the opening or closing of the door.

4. The intelligent opening and closing anti-reverse damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The door is equipped with a door position sensor to detect the opening or closing status of the door and transmit the status signal to the PLC box.

5. The intelligent opening and closing anti-reverse damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensors include a gas sensor, a pressure sensor, a wind speed sensor, and a wind direction sensor, which are used to achieve comprehensive monitoring of mine environmental parameters to support the outstanding judgment of the PLC box.

6. The intelligent opening and closing anti-reverse damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PLC box is equipped with a data storage module, which is integrated with the internal circuit of the PLC box. This module is used to record the monitoring data of the sensor and the operating status information of the damper body, supporting data analysis and fault diagnosis.

7. The intelligent opening and closing anti-reverse damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pneumatic actuator is a cylinder, which is fixedly connected to the door leaf through the retainer and is connected to the air circuit of the high-sensitivity solenoid valve, so as to realize the precise movement control of the door leaf by air pressure drive.

8. The intelligent opening and closing anti-reverse damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset rules of the PLC box include real-time acquisition of gas concentration, pressure, wind direction and wind speed data from the sensors, and a threshold comparison for judgment. If the threshold is exceeded, a signal is output to the gas control box to close the door; otherwise, the door remains open.

9. The intelligent opening and closing anti-reverse damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication connection between the sensors, PLC box, pneumatic control box, pneumatic actuator and damper button can be wired or wireless.

10. The intelligent opening and closing anti-reverse damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pneumatic control box is equipped with a control circuit, which processes the signals from the PLC box, regulates the opening and closing actions of the pneumatic actuator through the high-sensitivity solenoid valve, and feeds back the execution status to the PLC box, forming a closed-loop mechanism.

11. The intelligent opening and closing anti-reverse damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor is designed to be installed 5-10m behind the tunneling face and connected to the PLC box via a signal line to ensure the timeliness and accuracy of the monitoring data and support the intelligent response of the air damper.

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