Air prefilter and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an air prefilter and a working method thereof, and relates to the field of prefilters, the air prefilter comprises a dust collecting plate, the dust collecting plate comprises a first connecting part and a dust discharging part which are concentrically arranged, the lower end of a filter element penetrates through the first connecting part, the first connecting part is connected with the outer circumference of the filter element, and the dust discharging part is connected with the lower end of the filter element. The dust discharging part is connected with the first connecting part through a first connecting piece, the first connecting piece has elasticity, the first connecting piece can elastically deform under the gravity action of the dust discharging part and dust, a first permanent magnet is arranged on the dust discharging part, a first electromagnet assembly is arranged in the lower shell, and a second permanent magnet is arranged in the first electromagnet assembly. The first electromagnet assembly can attract the first permanent magnet, a pressure sensor is further arranged on the dust collection plate, and the pressure sensor and the first electromagnet assembly are both electrically connected with a controller. The device can automatically discharge dust, replaces manual operation, and is convenient to use.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of pre-filter, in particular to an air pre-filter and a working method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The air filter can effectively remove the particulate impurities in the air, thereby reducing the wear and tear of the impurities in the air on the internal engine.

[0003] In the prior art, a Chinese patent for invention with the authorization announcement number CN102588161B discloses an air pre-filter, a working method thereof and a motor vehicle, which is composed of an upper cover, a wind guide shell and a base connected in sequence, the base is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is provided with an air inlet blade, the wind guide shell is provided with a dust discharge port, wherein, the bottom of the wind guide shell is provided with a groove recessed to the inside of the wind guide shell, the top of the groove is provided with a through hole, the air inlet and the air outlet are located in the groove, the side wall of the groove and the wind guide shell are provided with a dust discharge blade opposite to the position of the dust discharge port or a cover on the dust discharge port; the circumferential length of the dust discharge port is less than or equal to 1 / 2 of the circumferential length of the wind guide shell, and the impurities separated from the air will accumulate in the inside of the wind guide shell.

[0004] When the above technical solution is adopted, the cover is opened when the impurities are stored to a certain amount, and the impurities will be discharged from the dust discharge port due to the action of gravity, so that the air pre-filter can be discharged regularly. It can be seen that when the above technical solution is adopted, manual dust removal is still needed regularly, and the use is still inconvenient. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to solve the technical problem that the pre-filter in the prior art needs manual and regular dust removal, the present application provides an air pre-filter and a working method thereof, which can automatically discharge dust, replace manual operation and is convenient to use.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides an air prefilter to solve the above technical problems, comprising an upper shell and a lower shell connected together, the upper shell being provided with an air inlet, further comprising a filter element, the filter element penetrating through the upper shell and the lower shell, the lower part of the filter element being provided with an air outlet, further comprising a dust collecting plate, the dust collecting plate comprising a connecting part one and a dust discharging part arranged concentrically, the lower end of the filter element penetrating through the connecting part one, the connecting part one being connected with the outer circumference of the filter element, the dust discharging part being connected with the connecting part one through a connecting piece one, the connecting piece one being elastic, the connecting piece one being capable of being elastically deformed under the action of the dust discharging part and the gravity of dust, a permanent magnet one being arranged on the dust discharging part, an electromagnet assembly one being arranged inside the lower shell, the electromagnet assembly one being capable of attracting the permanent magnet one, a pressure sensor being further arranged on the dust collecting plate, the pressure sensor and the electromagnet assembly one being electrically connected with a controller.

[0007] The present application adds a concentric dust collecting plate with an elastic connecting piece, and combines the linkage control of the permanent magnet, the electromagnet assembly and the pressure sensor to automatically adjust the magnetic attraction state of the electromagnet assembly one to realize automatic dust discharging, which is free from manual operation, reduces the manual maintenance cost and operation frequency, and is more convenient to use.

[0008] Further, the permanent magnet one is eccentrically arranged on the dust discharging part.

[0009] The present application can make the dust discharging part tilt at a certain angle when discharging dust, facilitate the complete discharge of dust on the dust collecting plate, and reduce the residue.

[0010] Further, the electromagnet assembly one comprises an electromagnet coil, an electric switch and a direct current power supply, the electromagnet coil being arranged on the inner wall of the lower shell, the electric switch and the direct current power supply being arranged in a mounting cavity of the lower shell, the mounting cavity further being provided with the controller, the edge of the dust discharging part being provided with a sealing ring, the permanent magnet one being arranged on the sealing ring, and a sealing strip being arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the sealing ring.

[0011] The present application can ensure the sealing between the dust discharging part and the lower shell when the dust discharging part is not discharging dust, greatly reduces the entry of external gas from the gap therebetween, greatly avoids the internal airflow turbulence of the prefilter, and ensures the filtering effect.

[0012] Further, the sealing plate is arranged inside the lower shell and above the dust collecting plate, the sealing plate comprises a connecting part two and a sealing part arranged concentrically, the filter core penetrates the connecting part two, the connecting part two is connected with the outer circumferential surface of the filter core, the connecting part two is connected with the sealing part through a connecting piece two, the connecting piece two has elasticity, the connecting piece two can be elastically deformed under the gravity of the sealing part, the sealing part is provided with a permanent magnet two, the inner wall of the upper end of the lower shell is provided with a sealing boss, the inner wall of the sealing boss is provided with an electromagnet assembly two, the electromagnet assembly two can adsorb the permanent magnet two, and the sealing part is lowered below the sealing boss when the electromagnet assembly two is powered off.

[0013] The sealing plate capable of changing the working state is arranged, so that the area of the lower shell above the sealing plate can form a closed space, external air is prevented from flowing into the pre-filter in a large amount during dust removal, internal airflow field is prevented from being disordered, filtration is affected, and the pre-filter cannot work normally.

[0014] Further, the connecting part two has a conical structure, and the thin end of the connecting part two is connected with the filter core.

[0015] The sealing part is arranged in a conical structure, a guiding effect is achieved, and dust can fall smoothly on the dust collecting plate.

[0016] Further, the connecting piece one and the connecting piece two are made of rubber material.

[0017] Further, the air inlet is arranged at the top of the upper shell, a plurality of air inlets are arranged in the circumferential direction, an air inlet cover is arranged at the top of the upper shell and at the corresponding air inlets, the top of the air inlet cover is provided with a spiral flow guide surface, a plurality of spiral flow guide surfaces form a spiral blade structure, and the inner cavity of the air inlet cover is a tapered cyclone cavity.

[0018] The spiral flow guide surface and the cyclone cavity are arranged, so that the incoming flow can form a vortex after entering, a continuous tangential velocity is formed, effective centrifugal force is generated, and the filtration effect is improved.

[0019] Further, the dust collecting plate is provided with a humidity sensor and a drying assembly, and the humidity sensor and the drying assembly are electrically connected with the controller.

[0020] The humidity sensor and the drying assembly are arranged, so that the wet dust can be dried, and the wet dust can be discharged.

[0021] Further, the upper shell top is further provided with a rain cover.

[0022] The rain cover is arranged, rainwater can be reduced from entering the inside of the pre-filter.

[0023] In the second aspect, the application further provides a working method of the air pre-filter, which adopts the air pre-filter, and comprises the following steps: When the pressure sensor monitors that the pressure does not exceed the corresponding set threshold, the electromagnet assembly one is powered on, the dust removal part is located in the inside of the lower shell, dust removal is not performed, at the same time, the electromagnet assembly two is powered off, the sealing part is lowered, and the generated dust is fallen on the dust collection plate by the sealing plate; When the pressure sensor monitors that the pressure exceeds the corresponding set threshold and the humidity sensor monitors that the humidity does not reach the set threshold, the controller controls the electromagnet assembly one to be powered off, the dust removal part is lowered, the connecting part one is elongated, dust removal is performed, at the same time, the electromagnet assembly two is powered on, the sealing part is raised; When the humidity sensor monitors that the humidity exceeds the corresponding set threshold, the drying assembly performs drying.

[0024] From the above technical solution, the application has the following advantages: The application provides an air pre-filter and a working method thereof, by additionally arranging a concentric dust collection plate with an elastic connecting piece, combining the linkage control of a permanent magnet, an electromagnet assembly and a pressure sensor, automatically adjusting the magnetic attraction state of the electromagnet assembly one to realize automatic dust removal, compared with the prior art, the application gets rid of the dependence on manual operation, reduces the manual maintenance cost and operation frequency, and is more convenient to use; by arranging a sealing ring and a sealing strip, the sealing property between the dust removal part and the lower shell can be ensured when the dust removal part does not remove dust, external gas is greatly reduced from entering the gap between the two, internal airflow of the pre-filter is greatly avoided from being turbulent, and the filtering effect is ensured; by arranging the permanent magnet one to be eccentric, the dust removal part can be tilted at a certain angle when removing dust, dust on the dust collection plate is conveniently removed more completely, and residue is reduced; by arranging the sealing plate capable of changing the working state, a closed space can be formed in the area of the lower shell located on the upper part of the sealing plate, external air is avoided from rushing into the inside of the pre-filter when removing dust, internal airflow field is avoided from being turbulent, the filtering is affected, and the pre-filter cannot work normally; by arranging the sealing part as a conical structure, a guiding effect is achieved, dust is conveniently and smoothly fallen on the dust collection plate; by arranging the spiral flow guide surface and the cyclone chamber, the incoming flow can be stably and controllably formed into a vortex, then a continuous tangential velocity is formed and effective centrifugal force is generated, and the filtering effect is improved; by arranging the humidity sensor and the drying assembly, the wet dust can be dried, and the wet dust can be conveniently removed; by arranging the rain cover, rainwater can be reduced from entering the inside of the pre-filter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0027] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the normal working state of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the filter cartridge, sealing plate and dust collection plate in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a state diagram of dust discharge according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the air intake cover in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0032] In the diagram, 1. Upper housing; 2. Lower housing; 201. Sealing boss; 3. Air outlet; 4. Controller; 5. Air inlet hood; 501. Spiral guide surface; 6. Rain cover; 7. Sealing plate; 701. Connecting part two; 702. Connecting part two; 703. Sealing part; 8. Dust collection plate; 801. Connecting part one; 802. Connecting part one; 803. Dust discharge part; 804. Sealing ring; 805. Guide part; 9. Filter element; 10. Pressure sensor; 11. Humidity sensor; 12. Electromagnet assembly one; 13. Permanent magnet one; 14. Permanent magnet two; 15. Electromagnet assembly two; 16. Sealing strip; 17. Drying assembly; 18. Air inlet. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this invention more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this patent, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0034] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 3 and Figure 5As shown, the embodiment provides an air prefilter, which comprises an upper shell 1, a lower shell 2, a dust collecting plate 8 and a filter element 9 arranged inside, the upper shell 1 is provided with an air inlet 18, the filter element 9 penetrates the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2, the lower part of the filter element 9 is provided with an air outlet 3, the dust collecting plate 8 comprises a connecting part one 801 and a dust discharging part 803 arranged concentrically, the lower end of the filter element 9 penetrates the connecting part one 801, the connecting part one 801 is fixedly connected with the outer circumference of the filter element 9, the dust discharging part 803 is connected with the connecting part one 801 through a connecting piece one 802, the connecting piece one 802 has elasticity, the connecting piece one 802 can be elastically deformed under the action of the dust discharging part 803 and the gravity of dust, a permanent magnet one 13 is arranged on the dust discharging part 803, an electromagnet assembly one 12 is arranged inside the lower shell 2, the electromagnet assembly one 12 can attract the permanent magnet one 13, a pressure sensor 10 is further arranged on the dust collecting plate 8, the pressure sensor 10 and the electromagnet assembly one 12 are electrically connected with a controller 4; when the electromagnet assembly one 12 is powered on, the dust discharging part 803 is attracted inside the lower shell 2 and does not discharge dust, when dust accumulates more, the pressure sensor 10 monitors that the pressure exceeds the set threshold value, and after the electromagnet assembly one 12 is powered off, the dust discharging part 803 descends under the gravity of itself and dust, at this time, the connecting piece one is elongated, a gap is generated between the dust discharging part 803 and the lower part of the lower shell 2, and dust is discharged from the gap.

[0035] The embodiment adds the concentric dust collecting plate 8 with the elastic connecting piece, combines the linkage control of the permanent magnet, the electromagnet assembly and the pressure sensor 10, automatically adjusts the magnetic attraction state of the electromagnet assembly one 12 to realize automatic dust discharging, compared with the prior art, the manual operation dependence is eliminated, the manual maintenance cost and operation frequency are reduced, and the use is more convenient.

[0036] In order to improve the thoroughness of dust discharging, in the embodiment, the permanent magnet one 13 is eccentrically arranged on the dust discharging part 803; after the dust discharging part 803 is separated from the lower shell 2, a certain angle of inclination is generated under the action of the gravity of the permanent magnet one 13, so that the dust is inclined to be discharged, and the dust is prevented from being retained on the dust collecting plate 8.

[0037] In order to ensure that the dust discharging part 803 can be attracted and reset after being separated from the lower shell 2, Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in the embodiment, the electromagnet assembly 12 includes an electromagnetic coil, an electric switch and a direct current power source, the electromagnetic coil is arranged on the inner wall of the lower part of the lower shell 2, the electric switch and the direct current power source are arranged in the installation cavity of the lower shell 2, the installation cavity also has the controller 4 arranged therein, the edge of the dust removal part 803 is provided with a sealing ring 804, the permanent magnet 13 is arranged on the outer circular surface of the sealing ring 804, in the embodiment, the outer diameter of the sealing ring 804 is smaller than the inner diameter of the lower part of the lower shell 2, the permanent magnet 13 has an arc structure with a central angle of 100° to 150°, the permanent magnet 13 is embedded in the inside of the sealing ring 804 and is attracted to the outer circular surface of the sealing ring 804, so as to be easily attracted and reset by the electromagnetic coil, in the embodiment, in order to facilitate the dust removal part 803 to enter the lower shell 2, the upper part of the sealing ring 804 is provided with a tapered guide part 805, further, since the outer diameter of the sealing ring 804 is smaller than the inner diameter of the lower shell 2 and the permanent magnet 13 is arranged in a biased manner, there is a gap between the sealing ring 804 and the permanent magnet 13, when the vehicle is running, the gap is easy to cause the outside air to enter the inside of the pre-filter, which disturbs the airflow field in the pre-filter and affects the filtering effect, therefore, in the embodiment, the outer circular surface of the sealing ring 804 is provided with a sealing strip 16, the sealing strip 16 can seal the gap, greatly reducing the entry of outside air and ensuring the filtering effect.

[0038] Since the lower shell 2 is in an open state during dust removal, when the vehicle is running, the outside air will enter the inside of the pre-filter in a large amount and affect the normal filtering of the filter element 9, in order to solve the problem and ensure that the vehicle can also be dusted when running, the dust removal part 803 is provided with a sealing ring 804, the permanent magnet 13 is arranged on the outer circular surface of the sealing ring 804, and the sealing ring 804 is provided with a sealing strip 16. Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in the embodiment, a sealing plate 7 is further included, which is arranged inside the lower housing 2 and above the dust collecting plate 8, and includes a connecting part two 701 and a sealing part 703 arranged concentrically, the filter core 9 penetrates through the connecting part two 701, the connecting part two 701 is connected with the outer circumferential surface of the filter core 9, the connecting part two 701 is connected with the sealing part 703 through a connecting piece two 702, the connecting piece two 702 has elasticity and can be elastically deformed under the action of gravity of the sealing part 703, the sealing part 703 is provided with a permanent magnet two 14, and the inner wall of the upper end of the lower housing 2 is provided with a sealing boss 201, the inner wall of the sealing boss 201 is provided with an electromagnet assembly two 15, the electromagnet assembly two 15 can adsorb the permanent magnet two 14, the sealing part 703 is reset, the sealing plate 7 divides the space inside the lower housing 2 into two parts, when the electromagnet assembly two 15 is powered off, the sealing part 703 drops below the sealing boss 201, after such arrangement, the area of the lower housing 2 above the sealing plate 7 can form a closed space during dust removal, so as to avoid a large amount of external air from flowing into the inside of the pre-filter during dust removal, causing internal airflow field to be disordered, affecting filtration, and making the pre-filter unable to work normally; in the embodiment, the electromagnet assembly two 15 has the same structure as the electromagnet assembly one 12, the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnet assembly two 15 is inlaid on the inner wall of the sealing boss 201, the electromagnet assembly two 15 and the electromagnet assembly one 12 share the same DC power supply, and the structure and working principle thereof will not be described herein again, the electric switches of the electromagnet assembly two 15 and the electromagnet assembly one 12 are electrically connected with the controller 4; further, in order to ensure that dust can smoothly enter the dust collecting plate 8 below during normal work, in the embodiment, the connecting part two 701 has a conical structure, and the thin end of the connecting part two 701 is fixedly connected with the filter core 9.

[0039] In the embodiment, the connecting piece one 802 and the connecting piece two 702 are made of rubber material, the dust removal part 803, the connecting part one 801, the connecting part two 701 and the sealing part 703 are made of stainless steel material, the connecting part one 801 and the connecting piece one 802 and the dust removal part 803 are a vulcanization integrated structure, and the connecting part two 701 and the connecting piece two 702 and the sealing part 703 are also a vulcanization integrated structure.

[0040] In order to ensure that air forms vortex flow after entering the filter core 9, the connecting part one 801 is provided with a plurality of air guiding grooves 802 arranged in a spiral manner, the air guiding grooves 802 are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the connecting part one 801, and the air guiding grooves 802 are arranged in a spiral manner around the connecting part one 801. Figure 1 and Figure 6As shown, in the embodiment, the air inlets 18 are arranged on the top of the upper shell 1, and a plurality of air inlets 18 are arranged circumferentially, and air covers 5 are arranged on the top of the upper shell 1 and at the positions corresponding to the air inlets 18, the air covers 5 are open at one end, and the top of each air cover 5 is provided with a spiral flow guide surface 501, and a plurality of spiral flow guide surfaces 501 form a spiral blade structure, and the inner cavity of the air cover 5 is a tapered cyclone cavity, and in the embodiment, four air inlets 18 and air covers 5 are arranged.

[0041] In order to solve the technical problem that dust is difficult to discharge after being soaked, in the embodiment, on the one hand, the dust collecting plate 8 is provided with a humidity sensor 11 and a drying assembly 17, and the humidity sensor 11 and the drying assembly 17 are electrically connected with the controller 4, and the humidity sensor 11 is uniformly provided with three, and the drying assembly 17 adopts an electric heating resistance wire which is embedded on the connecting part one 801; on the other hand, the upper shell 1 is further provided with a rain cover 6 which is higher than the air cover 5.

[0042] In the embodiment, the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2 are connected in the form of screwing.

[0043] In the embodiment, air enters from the plurality of air inlets 18 arranged circumferentially on the top of the upper shell 1, and each air inlet 18 is provided with an air cover 5, and the top of the air cover 5 is provided with a spiral flow guide surface 501, and a plurality of spiral flow guide surfaces 501 form a spiral blade structure, and the inner cavity of the air cover 5 is a tapered cyclone cavity. After the air enters the air cover, the spiral flow guide surface 501 and the tapered cyclone cavity guide the air to form a vortex, generate a continuous tangential velocity and an effective centrifugal force; after the air with dust passes through the air cover, the air continues to flow to the filter element 9, and under the action of the filter element 9, most of the particulate impurities in the air are intercepted, so that the air is preliminarily purified, and the dust generated by the filtration falls to the dust collecting plate 8 below under the action of gravity through the opened electromagnetic assembly two 15 (at this time, the electromagnetic assembly two 15 is powered off, and the sealing part 703 descends below the sealing boss 201).

[0044] Embodiment two The embodiment provides a working method of an air pre-filter, and the air pre-filter is the air pre-filter of embodiment one, and the working method comprises the following steps. When the pressure sensor 10 monitors that the pressure does not exceed the corresponding set threshold value, the electromagnetic assembly one 12 is powered on, the dust discharging part 803 is located in the inside of the lower shell 2, and the dust is not discharged, at the same time, the electromagnetic assembly two 15 is powered off, the sealing part 703 descends, and the dust generated by the filtration falls to the dust collecting plate 8 from the sealing plate 7; When the pressure sensor 10 monitors that the pressure exceeds the corresponding set threshold and the humidity sensor 11 monitors that the humidity does not reach the set threshold, the controller 4 controls the electromagnetic assembly one 12 to be powered off, the dust removal part 803 to be lowered, the connecting part one 801 to be elongated, to carry out dust removal, at the same time, the electromagnetic assembly two 15 is powered on, the sealing part 703 is raised, after a set time, the dust removal is completed, the electromagnetic assembly one 12 is powered on, the dust removal part 803 is reset, at the same time, the electromagnetic assembly two 15 is powered off, the sealing part 703 is lowered to be located below the sealing boss 201, and the filtered dust enters the dust collection plate 8; When the humidity monitored by the humidity sensor 11 exceeds the corresponding set threshold, the drying assembly 17 carries out drying until the humidity decreases to the corresponding set threshold.

[0045] It can be seen from the above specific embodiments that the present application has the following beneficial effects: 1. By additionally arranging the concentric dust collection plate 8 with elastic connecting pieces, and combining the linkage control of the permanent magnet, the electromagnetic assembly and the pressure sensor 10, the magnetic attraction state of the electromagnetic assembly one 12 is automatically adjusted to realize automatic dust removal, compared with the prior art, the dependence on manual operation is eliminated, the manual maintenance cost and operation frequency are reduced, and the use is more convenient; 2. By arranging the sealing ring 804 and the sealing strip 16, the sealing property between the dust removal part 803 and the lower shell 2 can be ensured when the dust removal part 803 does not remove dust, external gas entering the gap between the two is greatly reduced, internal airflow turbulence in the pre-filter is greatly avoided, and the filtering effect is ensured; 3. By arranging the eccentric permanent magnet one 13, the dust removal part 803 can be tilted at a certain angle when removing dust, so that the dust on the dust collection plate 8 can be more completely removed, and the residue is reduced; 3. By arranging the sealing plate 7 capable of changing the working state, the area of the lower shell 2 located above the sealing plate 7 can form a closed space, so that a large amount of external air is prevented from entering the internal part of the pre-filter when removing dust, internal airflow field turbulence is avoided, the filtering is affected, and the pre-filter cannot work normally; 4. By arranging the sealing part 703 in a conical structure, a guiding effect is achieved, and the dust can fall smoothly onto the dust collection plate 8; 5. By arranging the spiral flow guide surface and the cyclone chamber, the incoming flow can be stably and controllably formed into a vortex, then a continuous tangential velocity is formed and an effective centrifugal force is generated, and the filtering effect is improved; 6. By arranging the humidity sensor 11 and the drying assembly 17, the wet dust can be dried, and the wet dust can be removed; 7. By arranging the rain cover 6, the rainwater can be prevented from entering the internal part of the pre-filter.

[0046] The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables a person skilled in the art to make or use the application. Modifications of these embodiments will occur to persons of skill in the art, and that the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications that do not depart from the true spirit and scope of the application. Therefore, the application is not limited to the embodiments shown but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An air prefilter, comprising an upper shell (1) and a lower shell (2) connected together, the upper shell (1) being provided with an air inlet (18), and further comprising a filter core (9) penetrating through the upper shell (1) and the lower shell (2), the lower part of the filter core (9) being provided with an air outlet (3), characterized in that, The dust collecting plate (8) comprises a connecting part I (801) and a dust discharging part (803) arranged concentrically, the lower end of the filter core (9) penetrates the connecting part I (801), the connecting part I (801) is connected with the outer circumference of the filter core (9), the dust discharging part (803) is connected with the connecting part I (801) through a connecting part I (802), the connecting part I (802) has elasticity, the connecting part I (802) can be elastically deformed under the gravity of the dust discharging part (803), a permanent magnet I (13) is arranged on the dust discharging part (803), an electromagnet assembly I (12) is arranged inside the lower shell (2), the electromagnet assembly I (12) can attract the permanent magnet I (13), a pressure sensor (10) is further arranged on the dust collecting plate (8), and the pressure sensor (10) and the electromagnet assembly I (12) are electrically connected with the controller (4).

2. The air prefilter of claim 1 wherein, The permanent magnet I (13) is arranged eccentrically on the dust discharging part (803).

3. The air prefilter of claim 2 wherein, The electromagnet assembly I (12) comprises an electromagnetic coil, an electric switch and a direct current power supply, the electromagnetic coil is arranged on the inner wall of the lower shell (2), the electric switch and the direct current power supply are arranged in a mounting cavity of the lower shell (2), the mounting cavity further comprises the controller (4), the edge of the dust discharging part (803) is provided with a sealing ring (804), the permanent magnet I (13) is arranged on the sealing ring (804), and a sealing strip (16) is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the sealing ring (804).

4. The air prefilter of any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The sealing plate (7) is arranged inside the lower shell (2) and above the dust collecting plate (8), the sealing plate (7) comprises a connecting part II (701) and a sealing part (703) arranged concentrically, the filter core (9) penetrates the connecting part II (701), the connecting part II (701) is connected with the outer circumferential surface of the filter core (9), the connecting part II (701) is connected with the sealing part (703) through a connecting part II (702), the connecting part II (702) has elasticity, the connecting part II (702) can be elastically deformed under the gravity of the sealing part (703), the sealing part (703) is provided with a permanent magnet II (14), the inner wall of the upper end of the lower shell (2) is provided with a sealing boss (201), the inner wall of the sealing boss (201) is provided with an electromagnet assembly II (15), the electromagnet assembly II (15) can attract the permanent magnet II (14), and the sealing part (703) descends below the sealing boss (201) when the electromagnet assembly II (15) is powered off.

5. The air prefilter of claim 4 wherein, The connecting part II (701) has a tapered structure, and the thin end of the connecting part II (701) is connected with the filter core (9).

6. The air prefilter of claim 5 wherein, The connecting part I (802) and the connecting part II (702) are made of rubber material.

7. The air prefilter of claim 6 wherein, The air inlet (18) is arranged on the top of the upper shell (1), a plurality of air inlets (18) are arranged circumferentially, an air inlet cover (5) is arranged on the top of the upper shell (1) and at the corresponding air inlet (18), the top of the air inlet cover (5) is provided with a spiral flow guide surface (501), a plurality of spiral flow guide surfaces (501) form a spiral blade structure, and the inner cavity of the air inlet cover (5) is a tapered spiral flow cavity.

8. The air prefilter of claim 7 wherein, The dust collecting plate (8) is provided with a humidity sensor (11) and a drying assembly (17), and the humidity sensor (11) and the drying assembly (17) are electrically connected with the controller (4).

9. The air prefilter of claim 8 wherein, The upper shell (1) is further provided with a rain cover (6).

10. A method of operating an air prefilter, characterized by, The air prefilter of claim 8 comprises the following steps: When the pressure sensor (10) monitors that the pressure does not exceed the corresponding set threshold, the electromagnet assembly one (12) is powered on, the dust discharging part (803) is located in the lower shell (2), and dust is not discharged, at the same time, the electromagnet assembly two (15) is powered off, the sealing part (703) is lowered, and the generated dust is dropped on the dust collecting plate (8) by the sealing plate (7); When the pressure sensor (10) monitors that the pressure exceeds the corresponding set threshold and the humidity sensor (11) monitors that the humidity does not reach the set threshold, the controller (4) controls the electromagnet assembly one (12) to be powered off, the dust discharging part (803) is lowered, the connecting part one (801) is elongated, dust is discharged, and at the same time, the electromagnet assembly two (15) is powered on, the sealing part (703) is raised; When the humidity sensor (11) monitors that the humidity exceeds the corresponding set threshold, the drying assembly (17) is dried.

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