Steam boiler feed water multi-stage preheating device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of boiler equipment, in particular to a steam boiler feed water multistage preheating device which comprises a machine body and a finned tube arranged in the machine body, a horizontal conveying mechanism is arranged in the machine body and located on one axial side of the finned tube, a moving plate is in transmission connection with the horizontal conveying mechanism, and an inner concave ring is arranged on the outer side of the finned tube. And the multiple arc-shaped brush plates are arranged on the inner side of the inner concave ring and used for cleaning the outer surface of the finned tube, and the rotary cleaning mechanism is arranged on the movable plate. According to the technical scheme, the arc-shaped brush plate is driven to reciprocate along the axis of the finned tube and simultaneously rotate in a surrounding mode, mechanical on-line cleaning of the surface and the root of the fin is achieved, accumulated dirt can be actively and timely removed through the design, and therefore it is guaranteed that the preheating device can keep efficient heat transfer performance for a long time, and heat economy and stability of operation of a whole boiler system are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of boiler equipment technology, specifically to a multi-stage preheating device for steam boiler feedwater. Background Technology

[0002] The feedwater temperature of a steam boiler is a core parameter affecting its thermal efficiency, operational stability, and energy consumption. To fully recover low-grade waste heat from boiler tail gas, steam condensate, and turbine extraction, and to reduce boiler exhaust heat loss and fuel consumption, the industry commonly uses multi-stage feedwater preheating devices. These devices heat ambient temperature feedwater step by step to the boiler's rated feedwater temperature before sending it into the boiler drum and water-cooled walls. This is an indispensable energy-saving core device in modern high-efficiency boiler systems.

[0003] In the multi-stage preheating device for steam boiler feedwater, in order to improve heat exchange efficiency, the existing technology generally adopts finned heat exchange elements as the core heat exchange structure. However, due to the mechanical structure characteristics of the fins, the fin spacing is small and the disturbance intensity is insufficient when the fluid flows through the fin area, which makes it easy for dirt and impurities in the feedwater and waste heat medium to adhere and deposit on the fin surface and root, forming a scale layer. The aforementioned scale buildup significantly increases heat exchange resistance and reduces the heat transfer efficiency of heat exchange elements, thereby affecting the overall preheating effect of the multi-stage preheating device. This leads to a decrease in the boiler feedwater heating rate and an increase in energy consumption. Long-term accumulation may also cause fin corrosion, deformation, or even damage, damaging the mechanical strength and sealing of heat exchange elements, affecting the operational stability and service life of the device, and making it difficult to meet the requirements of efficient and long-term stable boiler operation. Therefore, we propose a multi-stage preheating device for steam boiler feedwater. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One of the technical problems to be solved in this application is: how to design a multi-stage preheating device for steam boiler feedwater that can self-clean the outer surface of finned tubes to remove dirt.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a multi-stage preheating device for steam boiler feedwater, comprising a body and finned tubes disposed within the body, and further comprising: A horizontal conveying mechanism is installed inside the machine body and located on one side of the finned tube along its axis; A movable plate is connected to the horizontal conveying mechanism, which is configured to drive the movable plate to reciprocate along a direction parallel to the axis of the finned tube. An inner concave ring is disposed on the outer side of the finned tube; An arc-shaped brush plate is disposed on the inner side of the concave ring, and multiple such plates are disposed to clean the outer surface of the finned tube. A rotating cleaning mechanism, mounted on the moving plate, is used to clean the fin surface of the finned tube using an arc-shaped brush plate during movement and rotation.

[0006] In some embodiments, the horizontal conveying mechanism includes a screw rotatably disposed inside the machine body, one end of the screw penetrating the inner side of the machine body and a motor disposed thereon, the bottom of the motor being disposed on the side of the machine body, the outer surface of the screw being threaded onto the inner side of a movable plate, and the side of the movable plate being provided with a mounting bracket connected to an inner concave ring.

[0007] In some embodiments, a movable ring is provided on the side of the movable plate, a main gear is provided at the end of the movable ring, the inner thread of the main gear is provided on the outer surface of the screw, and a guide groove is provided on the inner side of the movable plate.

[0008] In some embodiments, a guide rod is provided on the inner side of the body, the guide rod is movably disposed on the inner side of the guide groove, an inner ring is movably disposed on the inner side of the concave ring, and a gear ring that meshes with the main gear is sleeved on the outer surface of the inner ring.

[0009] In some embodiments, the rotary cleaning mechanism includes a winding device disposed on the outside of the machine body, the outer surface of the winding device being wound with a heat-resistant hose, a main air cylinder being disposed on the side of the moving plate, and the end of the heat-resistant hose penetrating the outside of the machine body and disposed on the inside of the main air cylinder.

[0010] In some embodiments, a branch pipe is provided between the main air cylinder and the concave ring, and the main air cylinder and the inner side of the concave ring are connected through the branch pipe. A hollow ring connected to the inner ring is movably provided on the inner side of the concave ring, and a connecting groove connected to the inner side of the concave ring is opened on the outer side of the hollow ring. Rotating rings that are movably connected to the inner side of the concave ring are respectively provided at both ends of the hollow ring.

[0011] In some embodiments, the hollow ring has multiple grooves on its inner side, and a piston plate is movably disposed on the inner side of each groove. A sliding rod is disposed at the bottom of each piston plate, and the ends of each sliding rod penetrate the inner side of the hollow ring and are respectively disposed on the top of the corresponding arc-shaped brush plate.

[0012] In some embodiments, a baffle is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the slide rod, the outer side of the baffle is disposed on the inner side of the hollow ring, and a tension spring is sleeved on the outer side of the slide rod, with the two ends of the tension spring respectively disposed on the outer side of the arc-shaped brush plate and the baffle.

[0013] This invention has at least the following beneficial effects: Through the coordinated action of the horizontal conveying mechanism and the rotary cleaning mechanism, the arc-shaped brush plate is driven to move back and forth along the axis of the finned tube and rotate around at the same time, so as to achieve mechanical online cleaning of the fin surface and root. This design can actively and timely remove the accumulated dirt, significantly reduce the additional heat transfer resistance caused by the dirt layer, thereby ensuring that the preheating device can maintain high-efficiency heat transfer performance for a long time, and ensuring the thermal economy and stability of the entire boiler system. This device integrates the cleaning function into the preheater body and achieves programmed automatic control through motors, pneumatic components, etc. It can perform cleaning tasks without stopping the machine, overcoming the disadvantages of low efficiency and high risk of traditional manual cleaning. The good adaptability of the arc-shaped brush plate to the shape of the finned tube ensures that there are no dead corners in the cleaning, while avoiding mechanical damage to the fins caused by improper cleaning, thereby effectively extending the service life of the heat exchange elements. By maintaining the cleanliness of the finned tube surface, this device fundamentally reduces energy loss caused by scale buildup, enabling the boiler to operate continuously at high efficiency, directly reducing fuel consumption, and improving the overall economy of the boiler system. This meets the dual demands of modern industry for energy conservation, environmental protection, and low-cost operation. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the finned tube, motor, and guide rod of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the movable plate, the concave ring, and the main gear of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main gear, gear ring, arc-shaped brush plate, and branch pipe of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the concave ring of the present invention; Figure 6 This is an exploded structural diagram of the concave ring, toothed ring, and inner ring of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an exploded structural diagram of the arc-shaped brush plate, piston plate, and hollow ring of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the piston plate, slide rod, arc-shaped brush plate, and baffle of the present invention.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Body; 2. Finned tube; 3. Horizontal conveying mechanism; 31. Motor; 32. Screw; 33. Guide rod; 34. Guide groove; 35. Main gear; 36. Gear ring; 37. Mounting bracket; 38. Moving ring; 39. Inner ring; 4. Moving plate; 5. Concave ring; 6. Rotary cleaning mechanism; 61. Winding device; 62. Heat-resistant hose; 63. Main air cylinder; 64. Branch pipe; 65. Hollow ring; 66. Slide groove; 67. Connecting groove; 68. Rotating ring; 69. Piston plate; 610. Slide rod; 611. Baffle; 612. Tension spring; 7. Arc-shaped brush plate. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0017] Please see Figure 1-8 The present invention provides a technical solution: a multi-stage preheating device for steam boiler feedwater, comprising a body 1 and finned tubes 2 disposed within the body 1, and further comprising: The horizontal conveying mechanism 3 is installed inside the body 1 and located on one side of the axial direction of the finned tube 2; The movable plate 4 is connected to the horizontal conveying mechanism 3, which is configured to drive the movable plate 4 to reciprocate along a direction parallel to the axis of the finned tube 2. The concave ring 5 is located on the outside of the finned tube 2; Arc-shaped brush plates 7 are provided on the inner side of the concave ring 5, and multiple of them are provided to clean the outer surface of the finned tube 2. A rotating cleaning mechanism 6 is mounted on a movable plate 4 and is used to clean the fin surface of the finned tube 2 by means of an arc-shaped brush plate 7 during movement and rotation. The horizontal conveying mechanism 3 is installed inside the body 1 and is arranged on one side of the axial direction of the finned tube 2. The moving plate 4 and the horizontal conveying mechanism 3 form a transmission cooperation. The horizontal conveying mechanism 3 can drive the moving plate 4 to move smoothly back and forth in a direction parallel to the axis of the finned tube 2. The concave ring 5 is sleeved on the outside of the finned tube 2. Multiple arc-shaped brush plates 7 are evenly arranged circumferentially on its inner side. The brush plates fit well with the outer surface of the finned tube 2 and the fins. The rotating cleaning mechanism 6 is integrated on the moving plate 4 and can drive the arc-shaped brush plates 7 to rotate while moving back and forth with the moving plate 4, so as to achieve comprehensive cleaning of the surface of the finned tube 2 and the fins.

[0018] The horizontal conveying mechanism 3 includes a screw 32 rotatably disposed inside the machine body 1. One end of the screw 32 passes through the inside of the machine body 1 and is provided with a motor 31. The bottom of the motor 31 is disposed on the side of the machine body 1. The outer surface of the screw 32 is threaded onto the inner side of the moving plate 4. The side of the moving plate 4 is provided with a mounting bracket 37 connected to the inner concave ring 5. The screw 32 is rotatably mounted on the mounting base inside the machine body 1 via a bearing. One end of the screw extends through the side wall of the machine body 1 to the outside, and this end is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 31 via a coupling. The motor 31 is fixedly mounted on the side of the machine body 1 via a mounting bracket at the bottom to ensure the stability of the motor 31 during operation. The inner side of the moving plate 4 is provided with a threaded hole that matches the screw 32. The external thread on the outer surface of the screw 32 and the internal thread on the inner side of the moving plate 4 form a threaded engagement. The forward and reverse rotation of the screw 32 drives the moving plate 4 to move axially. Mounting brackets 37 are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the moving plate 4. The other end of the mounting bracket 37 is rigidly connected to the outer wall of the concave ring 5, which can drive the concave ring 5 to reciprocate synchronously with the moving plate 4, ensuring the linkage consistency between the cleaning mechanism and the moving plate 4.

[0019] A movable ring 38 is provided on the side of the movable plate 4, and a main gear 35 is provided at the end of the movable ring 38. The inner thread of the main gear 35 is provided on the outer surface of the screw 32. A guide groove 34 is provided on the inner side of the movable plate 4, and an internal thread is provided on the inner side of the main gear 35, which meshes with the external thread on the outer surface of the screw 32. When the screw 32 rotates, it can drive the main gear 35 to rotate synchronously. A guide groove 34 is provided on the inner side of the movable plate 4 along the axial direction. The guide groove 34 is a rectangular through groove structure. A guide is fixedly provided on the inner side of the machine body 1 at the position corresponding to the guide groove 34. The cross-sectional shape of the guide rod 33 is adapted to the guide groove 34, and the guide rod 33 is movably inserted into the inner side of the guide groove 34 to form a sliding fit. It plays a guiding and limiting role in the reciprocating motion of the moving plate 4, preventing the moving plate 4 from rotating with the screw 32. The inner side of the concave ring 5 is movably provided with an inner ring 39 through an annular slide rail. The inner ring 39 can rotate relative to the concave ring 5 around the axis. The outer surface of the inner ring 39 is fixedly sleeved with a gear ring 36. The gear ring 36 meshes with the main gear 35, and can drive the inner ring 39 and subsequent cleaning components to rotate through the main gear 35.

[0020] A guide rod 33 is provided on the inner side of the body 1. The guide rod 33 is movably provided on the inner side of the guide groove 34. An inner ring 39 is movably provided on the inner side of the concave ring 5. A gear ring 36 that meshes with the main gear 35 is sleeved on the outer surface of the inner ring 39. The heat-resistant hose 62 is made of a flexible material that is resistant to high temperatures and corrosion, and is suitable for the high-temperature working environment of the boiler preheating device. Its outer surface is wound around the drum of the winding device 61. The main air cylinder 63 is fixedly installed on the side of the moving plate 4 by bolts and moves synchronously with the moving plate 4. One end of the heat-resistant hose 62 is connected to the winding device 61, and the other end penetrates the outer wall of the machine body 1 and is fixedly installed on the inner side of the main air cylinder 63 by a sealing joint to achieve sealed gas delivery. Multiple branch pipes 64 are evenly arranged between the main air cylinder 63 and the inner concave ring 5. The two ends of the branch pipes 64 are connected to the main air cylinder 63 and the inner concave ring 5 by sealing connectors, respectively, so that the gas in the main air cylinder 63 can be stably delivered to the inner chamber of the inner concave ring 5 through the branch pipes 64.

[0021] The rotary cleaning mechanism 6 includes a winding device 61 located on the outside of the body 1. A heat-resistant hose 62 is wound around the outer surface of the winding device 61. A main air cylinder 63 is located on the side of the moving plate 4. The end of the heat-resistant hose 62 passes through the outside of the body 1 and is located inside the main air cylinder 63.

[0022] A branch pipe 64 is provided between the main air cylinder 63 and the inner concave ring 5, and the main air cylinder 63 and the inner side of the inner concave ring 5 are connected through the branch pipe 64. A hollow ring 65 connected to the inner ring 39 is movably provided on the inner side of the inner concave ring 5. A connecting groove 67 connected to the inner side of the inner concave ring 5 is opened on the outer side of the hollow ring 65. Rotating rings 68 that are movably connected to the inner side of the inner concave ring 5 are respectively provided at both ends of the hollow ring 65.

[0023] The hollow ring 65 has multiple grooves 66 on its inner side. Piston plates 69 are movably arranged on the inner side of each groove 66. Slide rods 610 are arranged at the bottom of each piston plate 69. The ends of each slide rod 610 pass through the inner side of the hollow ring 65 and are respectively arranged on the top of the corresponding arc-shaped brush plate 7.

[0024] A baffle 611 is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the slide rod 610. The outer side of the baffle 611 is located on the inner side of the hollow ring 65. A tension spring 612 is sleeved on the outer side of the slide rod 610. The two ends of the tension spring 612 are respectively located on the outer side of the arc-shaped brush plate 7 and the baffle 611. Hollow ring 65 is rigidly connected to inner ring 39 and can rotate synchronously with inner ring 39. A ring-shaped connecting groove 67 is provided circumferentially on the outer side of hollow ring 65. The connecting groove 67 communicates with the inner cavity of concave ring 5, allowing gas transported by branch pipe 64 to enter the interior of hollow ring 65 through the connecting groove 67. Rotating rings 68 are fixedly installed at both ends of hollow ring 65. The rotating rings 68 are movably connected to the inner wall of concave ring 5 through sealed bearings, ensuring smooth rotation of hollow ring 65 while achieving gas sealing. Multiple sliding grooves 66 are evenly provided circumferentially on the inner side of hollow ring 65. A piston plate 69 is movably installed on the inner side of each sliding groove 66, forming a sliding seal with the inner wall of the sliding groove 66. Each of the piston plates 69 has a vertically fixed slide rod 610 at its bottom. The end of the slide rod 610 passes through the inner wall of the hollow ring 65 and is rigidly connected to the top of the corresponding arc-shaped brush plate 7. A baffle 611 is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the slide rod 610. The baffle 611 is fixedly set on the inner wall of the hollow ring 65 and limits the movement of the slide rod 610. A tension spring 612 is sleeved on the outer side of the slide rod 610. The two ends of the tension spring 612 are fixedly connected to the top of the arc-shaped brush plate 7 and the outer side of the baffle 611, respectively. The elastic tension can keep the arc-shaped brush plate 7 always in contact with the surface of the finned tube 2.

[0025] Working principle: When the device is started, the motor 31 drives the screw 32 to rotate. Through the threaded engagement between the screw 32 and the inner side of the moving plate 4, the rotational motion of the motor 31 is converted into the precise linear motion of the moving plate 4 along the axis of the finned tube 2. Under the constraint of the sliding engagement between the guide rod 33 and the guide groove 34, the moving plate 4 maintains a stable motion trajectory, driving the entire cleaning unit to reciprocate along the axial direction of the pipeline.

[0026] While moving horizontally, the rotating cleaning mechanism 6 is activated simultaneously. Compressed air supplied by an external air source is delivered to the main air cylinder 63 fixed on the moving plate 4 through the heat-resistant hose 62 managed by the winding device 61. The gas enters the chamber of the concave ring 5 through the branch pipe 64 and enters its internal annular air passage through the connecting groove 67 on the outside of the hollow ring 65. The air pressure pushes the piston plate 69, which is evenly distributed in multiple sliding grooves 66 of the hollow ring 65, to move radially synchronously. The piston plate 69 transmits the air pressure force to the corresponding arc-shaped brush plate 7 through the sliding rod 610 connected to the bottom, so that it presses against the surface of the finned tube 2.

[0027] When the screw 32 rotates and drives the moving plate 4 to move axially, the main gear 35 meshing with the screw 32 rotates synchronously. Through the gear ring 36 meshing with it, the inner ring 39 and the hollow ring 65 rotate around the axis of the finned tube 2. During the cleaning process, the pressure of the arc-shaped brush plate 7 on the fin surface is precisely controlled by the pneumatic system. When cleaning needs to be paused or abnormal resistance is encountered, the pneumatic system is depressurized, and the tension spring 612 sleeved on the slide rod 610 immediately takes effect. Through the elastic restoring force, the brush plate is pulled away from the fin surface, effectively preventing the equipment from running idle and causing wear and mechanical damage.

[0028] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0029] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage preheating device for steam boiler feedwater, comprising a body (1) and finned tubes (2) disposed within the body (1), characterized in that: Also includes: A horizontal conveying mechanism (3) is installed inside the body (1) and located on one side of the axial direction of the finned tube (2); The movable plate (4) is connected to the horizontal conveying mechanism (3) and the horizontal conveying mechanism (3) is configured to drive the movable plate (4) to reciprocate in a direction parallel to the axis of the finned tube (2); An inner concave ring (5) is disposed on the outer side of the finned tube (2); Arc-shaped brush plates (7) are provided on the inner side of the concave ring (5), and multiple of them are provided to clean the outer surface of the finned tube (2); A rotating cleaning mechanism (6) is provided on the moving plate (4) for cleaning the fin surface of the finned tube (2) by means of an arc-shaped brush plate (7) during movement and rotation.

2. The multi-stage preheating device for steam boiler feedwater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal conveying mechanism (3) includes a screw (32) rotatably disposed inside the machine body (1). One end of the screw (32) passes through the inside of the machine body (1) and is provided with a motor (31). The bottom of the motor (31) is disposed on the side of the machine body (1). The outer surface of the screw (32) is threaded onto the inner side of the moving plate (4). The side of the moving plate (4) is provided with a mounting bracket (37) connected to the inner concave ring (5).

3. The multi-stage preheating device for steam boiler feedwater according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable plate (4) has a movable ring (38) on its side, and a main gear (35) is provided at the end of the movable ring (38). The inner thread of the main gear (35) is provided on the outer surface of the screw (32), and a guide groove (34) is provided on the inner side of the movable plate (4).

4. The multi-stage preheating device for steam boiler feedwater according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner side of the body (1) is provided with a guide rod (33), which is movably disposed on the inner side of the guide groove (34). The inner side of the concave ring (5) is movably provided with an inner ring (39), and the outer surface of the inner ring (39) is fitted with a gear ring (36) that meshes with the main gear (35).

5. The multi-stage preheating device for steam boiler feedwater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating cleaning mechanism (6) includes a winding device (61) located on the outside of the body (1). A heat-resistant hose (62) is wound around the outer surface of the winding device (61). A main air cylinder (63) is located on the side of the moving plate (4). The end of the heat-resistant hose (62) passes through the outside of the body (1) and is located on the inside of the main air cylinder (63).

6. The multi-stage preheating device for steam boiler feedwater according to claim 5, characterized in that: A branch pipe (64) is provided between the main air cylinder (63) and the concave ring (5), and the main air cylinder (63) and the inner side of the concave ring (5) are connected through the branch pipe (64). A hollow ring (65) connected to the inner ring (39) is movably provided on the inner side of the concave ring (5). A connecting groove (67) connected to the inner side of the concave ring (5) is opened on the outer side of the hollow ring (65). Rotating rings (68) movably connected to the inner side of the concave ring (5) are respectively provided at both ends of the hollow ring (65).

7. The multi-stage preheating device for steam boiler feedwater according to claim 6, characterized in that: The hollow ring (65) has multiple grooves (66) on its inner side. Piston plates (69) are movably arranged on the inner side of each groove (66). Slide rods (610) are arranged at the bottom of each piston plate (69). The ends of each slide rod (610) penetrate the inner side of the hollow ring (65) and are respectively arranged on the top of the corresponding arc-shaped brush plate (7).

8. The multi-stage preheating device for steam boiler feedwater according to claim 7, characterized in that: A baffle (611) is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the slide rod (610). The outer side of the baffle (611) is located on the inner side of the hollow ring (65). A tension spring (612) is sleeved on the outer side of the slide rod (610). The two ends of the tension spring (612) are respectively located on the outer side of the arc-shaped brush plate (7) and the baffle (611).

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