Laser centering device and total station

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of total stations, and discloses a laser centering device and a total station, the laser centering device comprises a laser emitter, a lens assembly and a mounting seat; the light beam emitting direction of the laser emitter is a first direction; the mounting base is provided with an emitter mounting hole, a first light through hole, a second light through hole and a lens mounting hole which are sequentially communicated in the first direction, the laser emitter is arranged in the emitter mounting hole, and the lens assembly is arranged in the lens mounting hole; wherein the aperture of the second light through hole is larger than that of the first light through hole, and an extinction structure used for attenuating stray light is arranged on the inner wall of the second light through hole; according to the laser centering device, stray light can be subjected to diffuse reflection and absorption for multiple times through the extinction structure, false light spots can be eliminated, the centering precision is improved, the measurement reliability is improved, aging of optical elements is slowed down, and the service life is prolonged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of total station, in particular to a laser centering device and a total station. BACKGROUND

[0002] The total station is a high-precision surveying instrument integrating angle measurement, distance measurement and height difference measurement, and is widely used in the fields of building construction, tunnel engineering and deformation monitoring.

[0003] The laser centering device is a key component of the total station, which is used to accurately align the rotation center of the instrument with the ground survey station to ensure the consistency of the measurement reference. However, the existing laser centering device has the problems of large spot size, blurred edge and stray light. The stray light mainly refers to the scattered light deviating from the main optical axis. The stray light not only forms a false spot, leading to misjudgment of centering, but also may be submerged in the effective signal under strong environmental light, causing the measurement data to jump and affecting the measurement reliability. Long-term use even accelerates the aging of optical elements, affecting the service life of the laser module and reducing the service life of the laser centering device. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present application aims to provide a laser centering device and a total station with high laser centering device, which helps to eliminate false spots, improve centering accuracy and improve measurement reliability.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, in a first aspect, the present application provides a laser centering device, comprising a laser emitter, a lens assembly and a mounting seat. The beam emission direction of the laser emitter is a first direction. The mounting seat is provided with an emitter mounting hole, a first light transmission hole, a second light transmission hole and a lens mounting hole which are sequentially communicated along the first direction. The laser emitter is arranged in the emitter mounting hole, and the lens assembly is arranged in the lens mounting hole. The aperture of the second light transmission hole is larger than that of the first light transmission hole, and the inner wall of the second light transmission hole is provided with an extinction structure for attenuating stray light.

[0006] In some embodiments, the extinction structure is an extinction internal thread formed on the inner wall of the second light transmission hole.

[0007] In some embodiments, the lens assembly comprises a lens mounting bracket and an optical lens. The lens mounting bracket is arranged in the lens mounting hole. The lens mounting bracket is provided with a receiving groove, and the optical lens is fixed in the receiving groove. The lens mounting bracket is further provided with a third light transmission hole which is communicated with the receiving groove and the second light transmission hole. The aperture of the third light transmission hole is smaller than that of the second light transmission hole.

[0008] In some embodiments, the laser aligner further comprises an adjusting base and a plurality of alignment adjusting assemblies; the adjusting base is arranged in the lens mounting hole, and an outer sidewall of the adjusting base is spaced apart from an inner sidewall of the lens mounting hole; the adjusting base is provided with a mounting groove, and the lens assembly is arranged in the mounting groove and fixed with the adjusting base; the adjusting base has a first central axis; the outer sidewall of the adjusting base is provided with a plurality of matching grooves distributed around the first central axis; the mounting seat is provided with a plurality of adjusting holes distributed around the first central axis, the adjusting holes are in communication with the lens mounting hole, and an inner wall of the adjusting hole is provided with a first internal thread; the plurality of matching grooves, the plurality of adjusting holes and the plurality of alignment adjusting assemblies are one-to-one corresponding; the alignment adjusting assembly comprises an adjusting screw, an adjusting spring and an adjusting slider, one end of the adjusting slider is embedded in the matching groove, the other end is located in the adjusting hole, at least part of the adjusting screw is located in the adjusting hole and is threadedly connected with the first internal thread, and the adjusting spring is connected between the adjusting screw and the adjusting slider.

[0009] In some embodiments, the number of the matching grooves, the adjusting holes and the alignment adjusting assemblies is the same, and is three or more.

[0010] In some embodiments, an inner wall of the mounting groove is provided with a second internal thread, and the lens assembly comprises a lens mounting bracket, an outer sidewall of the lens mounting bracket is provided with a second external thread matched with the second internal thread.

[0011] In some embodiments, the laser aligner further comprises a shafting assembly, the shafting assembly is provided with a connecting hole extending in the first direction, and an inner sidewall of the connecting hole is provided with a third internal thread; the mounting seat comprises a screw rod part and a support part, the screw rod part is inserted into the connecting hole and matched with the third internal thread, and the support part is connected to the screw rod part and located on one side of the shafting assembly.

[0012] In some embodiments, the shafting assembly comprises an inner shaft, an outer shaft and a plane bearing; the inner shaft comprises a flange part and a shaft body part connected in the first direction, and the shaft body part is provided with the connecting hole; the outer shaft is sleeved on the shaft body part and can rotate around the shaft body part; the plane bearing is sleeved on the shaft body part, and in the first direction, the plane bearing is connected between the flange part and the outer shaft.

[0013] In some embodiments, the plane bearing comprises a bearing body and a plurality of rolling balls, the bearing body is provided with a central hole, the shaft body part penetrates through the central hole, and the plurality of rolling balls are arranged in the bearing body and distributed in the circumferential direction of the central hole; the bearing body is provided with an oil storage groove surrounding the rolling balls.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a total station, which comprises the laser collimator as described in any of the above.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the laser collimator provided by the embodiment of the present application has the beneficial effects that: the laser beam is initially limited by the first light transmission hole with a small aperture to form a core beam; then, the core beam enters the second light transmission hole with a large aperture, and the aperture difference between the second light transmission hole and the first light transmission hole causes the core beam to be moderately divergent in the second light transmission hole, so that the light extinction structure arranged on the inner wall of the second light transmission hole can cause multiple diffuse reflection and absorption of stray light at the edge of the core beam, thereby causing the stray light to be concentrated and efficiently attenuated, and further helping to eliminate false light spots, improve collimation accuracy, improve measurement reliability, slow down the aging of optical elements, and prolong the service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a first sectional view of a laser collimator provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a connection schematic diagram of a laser emitter, a lens assembly, a mounting seat, an adjusting base and a collimation adjusting assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a laser emitter, a mounting seat and a PCB control board provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is a top view of a laser emitter, a mounting seat and a PCB control board provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 is a second sectional view of a laser collimator provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 is a first sectional view of a mounting seat provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 is a second sectional view of a mounting seat provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 is a sectional view of a shafting assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of an inner shaft provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 10 is a structural schematic diagram of a plane bearing provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0017] In the figure, 1, laser emitter; 11, laser diode; 2, lens assembly; 21, lens mounting bracket; 22, optical lens; 211, accommodating groove; 212, third light transmission hole; 213, glue accommodating groove; 3, mounting seat; 31, support part; 32, screw part; 301, transmitter mounting hole; 302, first light transmission hole; 303, second light transmission hole; 304, lens mounting hole; 311, adjusting hole; 312, tool clamping groove; 321, mounting clamping groove; 322, gluing groove; 323, tool withdrawal groove; 3031, light extinction structure; 4, adjusting base; 40, first central axis; 41, mounting groove; 42, matching groove; 5, centering adjusting assembly; 51, adjusting screw; 52, adjusting spring; 53, adjusting sliding block; 6, shafting assembly; 61, inner shaft; 62, outer shaft; 63, plane bearing; 611, flange part; 612, shaft body part; 621, second threaded hole; 622, through hole; 623, concave structure; 624, positioning shaft shoulder; 631, bearing body; 632, ball; 6111, counterbore; 6112, first threaded hole; 6121, connecting hole; 6311, central hole; 6312, oil storage groove; 7, PCB control board; 71, first pin; 72, second pin; 73, third pin; Z, first direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The specific embodiments of the present application will be further described in conjunction with the drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present application, but not to limit the scope of the present application.

[0019] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0020] The terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0021] In the present application, unless specifically defined otherwise, the terms "mounting", "connected", "connection", "fixed", and the like, should be construed broadly and do not necessarily mean fixedly connected, but can also mean detachably connected, or integrated; can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; can be internal communication of two elements, or interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] In the present application, unless specifically defined otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature can include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, the first feature "on", "above" and "over" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only means that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "under", "below" and "under" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or only means that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0023] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs; the terms used in the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application; the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present application and the above description of drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0024] In the present application, the phrase "embodiment" means that the specific features, structures or properties described in conjunction with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase at various places in the specification does not necessarily mean the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment to other embodiments.

[0025] The total station is a high-precision surveying instrument integrating angle measurement, distance measurement and height difference measurement, and is widely used in fields such as building construction, tunnel engineering and deformation monitoring.

[0026] The laser collimator is a key component of the total station instrument, which is used to accurately align the instrument rotation center with the ground station point, and ensure the consistency of the measurement reference. However, the existing laser collimator has the problems of large spot size, blurred edge and stray light. The stray light mainly refers to the scattered light deviating from the main optical axis. The stray light not only forms a false spot, leading to misjudgment of the centering, but also may be submerged in the effective signal under strong environmental light, causing the measurement data to jump, affecting the measurement reliability. Long-term use even accelerates the aging of optical elements, affecting the service life of the laser module and reducing the service life of the laser collimator.

[0027] In addition, the existing laser collimator is adjusted and centered by multiple top screws, which has a complex structure and is difficult to adjust. In addition, the top screw is prone to looseness, which leads to centering failure. The optical lens is inconvenient to focus and has poor installation stability. The laser spot often has stray light, which affects the centering accuracy. In addition, the shaft structure of the existing laser collimator is mainly planar sliding friction, which is easy to wear and rotate smoothly, affecting the service life of the instrument and the measurement stability. Therefore, the present application aims to provide a laser collimator and a total station instrument with the laser collimator to solve the technical problems in the prior art.

[0028] As shown in Figures 1-2 the first aspect, the preferred laser collimator of the present application comprises a laser emitter 1, a lens assembly 2 and a mounting seat 3.

[0029] The beam emission direction of the laser emitter is the first direction Z. The lens assembly 2 is used to shape the light beam. The mounting seat 3 is provided with an emitter mounting hole 301, a first light transmission hole 302, a second light transmission hole 303 and a lens mounting hole 304 which are sequentially communicated along the first direction Z. The laser emitter is arranged in the emitter mounting hole 301, and the lens assembly 2 is arranged in the lens mounting hole 304. The aperture of the second light transmission hole 303 is larger than that of the first light transmission hole 302, and the inner wall of the second light transmission hole 303 is provided with an extinction structure 3031 for attenuating stray light.

[0030] Based on this technical solution, the laser beam is first limited by the first light transmission hole 302 with a smaller aperture to form a core beam. Then, the core beam enters the second light transmission hole 303 with a larger aperture. The aperture difference between the second light transmission hole 303 and the first light transmission hole 302 allows the core beam to be moderately divergent in the second light transmission hole 303. Therefore, the extinction structure 3031 arranged on the inner wall of the second light transmission hole 303 can cause multiple diffuse reflection and absorption of the stray light at the edge of the core beam, so that the stray light is concentrated and efficiently attenuated, thereby helping to eliminate false spots, improve centering accuracy, improve measurement reliability, slow down the aging of optical elements and prolong the service life.

[0031] In some embodiments, the light extinction structure 3031 is a light extinction internal thread formed on the inner wall of the second light transmission hole 303. The light extinction internal thread forms continuous spiral micro-grooves on the inner wall of the second light transmission hole 303; when stray light is incident on the surface of the internal thread, multiple and disordered diffuse reflections occur between the grooves, the optical path is significantly increased, and the energy is fully absorbed by the structure. The continuous spiral structure of the thread ensures that stray light incident from any circumferential angle is consistently treated, and the light extinction effect is uniform and thorough. Machining an internal thread on the inner wall of the second light transmission hole 303 with a large aperture can provide a large effective light extinction surface area without significantly increasing the axial space. This cleverly integrates the light extinction function into the existing light path channel, avoiding the need for additional complex light extinction elements, resulting in a compact and reliable overall structure.

[0032] In other embodiments, the light extinction structure 3031 can also be a light extinction fine tooth thread, a light extinction micro-groove, a frosted surface, a micro-porous / honeycomb structure surface, a high-absorption coating, etc. arranged on the inner wall of the second light transmission hole 303.

[0033] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1-2 and Figures 5-6 , the lens assembly 2 includes a lens mounting bracket 21 and an optical lens 22, the lens mounting bracket 21 is arranged in the lens mounting hole 304, the lens mounting bracket 21 is provided with a receiving groove 211, the optical lens 22 is arranged in the receiving groove 211, and the lens mounting bracket 21 is further provided with a third light transmission hole 212 arranged on the bottom wall of the receiving groove 211 and penetrating through the receiving groove 211 between the receiving groove 211 and the second light transmission hole 303, the aperture of the third light transmission hole 212 is smaller than the aperture of the second light transmission hole 303.

[0034] In this way, after the light beam emitted by the laser emitter is preliminarily limited by the first light transmission hole 302 and subjected to light extinction treatment by the second light transmission hole 303, the light beam needs to pass through the third light transmission hole 212 with a smaller aperture before reaching the lens assembly 2. This arrangement can form a three-stage light path purification system of "primary beam limiting, secondary stray light elimination, and tertiary aperture shaping", and the third light transmission hole 212 can cut off the extremely marginal weak stray light that may still exist after light extinction treatment, ensuring that the light beam entering the optical lens 22 is more pure and regular in cross-section, thereby obtaining a final output spot with extremely sharp edges and highly concentrated energy, which helps to improve the centering accuracy and measurement reliability.

[0035] The optical lens 22 is connected to the lens mounting bracket 21, and the optical lens 22 has an optical lens 22 surface, an optical lens 22 bottom surface, and an optical lens 22 side surface.

[0036] In some embodiments, the optical lens 22 and the lens mounting bracket 21 are fixed by glue; specifically, the side of the optical lens 22 is fixed by glue with the groove side wall of the accommodating groove 211; further, the side of the optical lens 22 facing the third light passing hole 212 is fixed by glue with the groove bottom wall of the accommodating groove 211. Still further, the groove bottom wall of the accommodating groove 211 is provided with a plurality of glue accommodating grooves 213 arranged around the third light passing hole 212, and the glue accommodating grooves 213 are used to accommodate glue to fix the optical lens 22 with the groove bottom wall of the accommodating groove 211 by glue. By gluing the bottom glue accommodating groove 213 of the accommodating groove 211 and the side of the optical lens 22, the optical lens 22 is fixed in the lens mounting bracket 21, and the third light passing hole 212 is used to limit the size of the laser spot entering the optical lens 22.

[0037] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 2-4 , the laser emitter 1 is a laser diode 11. The laser centering device further comprises a PCB control board 7, and the PCB control board 7 is connected with the laser diode 11.

[0038] The mounting seat 3 is provided with a mounting clamping groove 321, the bottom of the PCB control board 7 is clamped into the mounting clamping groove 321, the front pads of the two PCB control boards 7 are welded with the first pin 71 and the second pin 72 of the laser diode, the back pads of the PCB control board 7 are welded with the third pin 73 of the laser diode 11, and the PCB control board 7 is used for the emission and closing of the laser source of the laser diode 11 and the brightness, etc. The mounting clamping groove 321 of the PCB control board 7 is used for clamping and fixing the PCB control board 7. In addition, the length of the mounting clamping groove 321 of the PCB control board 7 is designed to be longer than the length of the PCB control board 7, which is used for gluing and reinforcing the PCB control board 7 on both sides of the PCB control board 7. If the PCB control board 7 is not clamped by the mounting clamping groove 321 of the PCB control board 7, the three pins of the laser diode 11 will directly support the PCB control board 7. In this case, when the laser centering device is rotated and assembled on the shaft system, the three pins of the laser diode 11 will be easily broken due to the stress, and the laser diode 11 will also be easily loosened, which will cause the light path to deviate or the device to be short-circuited.

[0039] The laser diode 11 is connected with the mounting base 3. The laser diode 11 is a T-shaped structure. The laser diode 11 is provided with an upper end outer side surface. The emitter mounting hole 301 of the mounting base 3 is a T-shaped hole similar to the laser diode 11. The mounting base 3 is further provided with a glue groove 322 at an end away from the lens assembly 2. The emitter mounting hole 301 penetrates through the groove bottom wall of the glue groove 322 along the first direction Z. The laser diode 11 is assembled into the emitter mounting hole 301. After assembly, the upper end outer side surface of the laser diode 11 is attached to the upper end side surface of the emitter mounting hole 301. Then, glue is applied to the glue groove 322 at the side of the laser diode 11 to fix the laser diode 11 on the mounting base 3. The laser diode 11 provides a laser source for the laser aligner. In addition, the first light passing hole 302 is arranged at the bottom of the emitter mounting hole 301. The first light passing hole 302 limits the size of the laser spot emitted by the laser source.

[0040] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1-2 , and Figures 5-7 , the laser aligner further comprises an adjusting base 4 and a plurality of alignment adjusting assemblies 5. The adjusting base 4 is arranged in the lens mounting hole 304. The outer side wall of the adjusting base 4 is arranged in a spaced manner with the inner side wall of the lens mounting hole 304. The adjusting base 4 is provided with a mounting groove 41. The lens assembly 2 is arranged in the mounting groove 41 and fixed with the adjusting base 4. The adjusting base 4 has a first central axis 40. The outer side wall of the adjusting base 4 is provided with a plurality of matching grooves 42 uniformly distributed around the first central axis 40. The mounting base 3 is provided with a plurality of adjusting holes 311 uniformly distributed around the first central axis 40. The adjusting holes 311 are in communication with the lens mounting hole 304. The inner wall of the adjusting hole 311 is provided with a first internal thread. The plurality of matching grooves 42, the plurality of adjusting holes 311, and the plurality of alignment adjusting assemblies 5 correspond one-to-one. The alignment adjusting assembly 5 comprises an adjusting screw 51, an adjusting spring 52, and an adjusting sliding block 53. One end of the adjusting sliding block 53 is embedded in the matching groove 42, and the other end is located in the adjusting hole 311. At least part of the adjusting screw 51 is located in the adjusting hole 311 and is threadedly connected with the first internal thread. The adjusting spring 52 is connected between the adjusting screw 51 and the adjusting sliding block 53.

[0041] In each adjusting assembly of the present application, the adjusting spring 52 always provides a pre-tightening force to the adjusting slider 53, so that the adjusting base 4 is stably pressed. When the light spot position needs to be corrected, only the adjusting screw 51 in the deviation direction needs to be turned, the adjusting spring 52 is compressed and the slider is pushed, and the adjusting base 4 is elastically pushed; the adjusting assembly on the opposite side will automatically and synchronously retreat under the action of the spring restoring force. The mechanism of the present application, which can complete the two-way adjustment by one-way screwing, can simplify the operation steps and reduce the requirement for the experience of the operator. And the continuous elastic pre-tightening force provided by the adjusting spring 52 can eliminate the micro gap between the adjusting screw 51, the slider and the adjusting base 4 due to machining or wear, which ensures that the whole centering adjusting assembly 5 is in a tight state without gap after adjustment, prevents the screw loosening or base displacement that may occur due to instrument vibration, temperature change or long-term use, and guarantees the long-term stability of the centering accuracy. And the elastic centering adjusting mechanism (the centering adjusting mechanism includes the adjusting base 4 and the centering adjusting assembly 5) of the present application can absorb and compensate the thermal stress caused by part machining error, assembly stress and high-low temperature change. Avoid the problem of light spot drift caused by stress release when the environmental conditions change, so that the laser centering device can maintain reliable performance under a wider range of temperature and working conditions. The screw pair of the adjusting screw 51 can provide fine displacement control, and the elastic transmission of the adjusting spring 52 makes the movement of the adjusting base 4 smooth and impact-free. The combination of the two makes the fine adjustment of the light spot accurate and smooth, which helps to achieve higher centering accuracy.

[0042] The adjusting base 4 serves as a carrier of the lens assembly 2 and is integrated with the centering adjusting assembly 5 as a functional module. The functional module can be installed, calibrated or even replaced as a whole, which improves the efficiency and convenience of the product in production assembly, on-site calibration and later maintenance.

[0043] The outer side wall of the adjusting base 4 is spaced apart from the inner side wall of the lens mounting hole 304, so that the adjusting base 4 and the lens mounting hole 304 have a gap, so that the plurality of centering adjusting assemblies 5 can drive the adjusting base 4 to move to achieve centering adjustment.

[0044] Preferably, the center axis of the mounting seat 3 and the center axis of the adjusting base are collinear.

[0045] It should be noted that the plurality of matching grooves 42, the plurality of adjusting holes 311 and the plurality of centering adjusting assemblies 5 are one-to-one corresponding, which means that the number of matching grooves 42, adjusting holes 311 and centering adjusting assemblies 5 is the same, and one matching groove 42 corresponds to one centering adjusting assembly 5, and one adjusting hole 311 corresponds to one centering adjusting assembly 5.

[0046] It should be noted that in the present application, the plurality refers to two or more than two.

[0047] It should be noted that the adjusting spring 52 is connected between the adjusting screw 51 and the adjusting slider 53, which means that the adjusting spring 52 is arranged between the adjusting screw and the adjusting slider 53, and the adjusting spring 52 is connected to the adjusting screw and the adjusting slider 53 respectively.

[0048] In the embodiment, the adjusting hole 311 comprises a threaded hole section and a through hole section which are communicated, the first internal thread is arranged on the inner wall of the threaded hole section, at least part of the adjusting screw 51 is located in the threaded hole section, and the end of the adjusting slider 53 away from the adjusting base 4 is located in the through hole section. The aperture of the lens mounting hole 304 is larger than that of the second light passing hole 303, and a stepped surface is formed at the connecting position of the lens mounting hole 304 and the second light passing hole 303; the upper end surface of the adjusting base 4 is attached to the stepped surface, the head outer side surface of the adjusting slider 53 is attached to the inner side surface of the through hole section, and the adjusting slider 53 can move forward and backward in the through hole section, and under the mutual limiting action of the head outer side surface of the adjusting slider 53 and the inner side surface of the through hole section, the adjusting slider 53 cannot swing in other directions, which reduces the assembly error and improves the instrument precision.

[0049] The bottom of the adjusting slider 53 is embedded in the matching groove 42, the adjusting screw 51 is installed in the front end thread of the adjusting mechanism mounting hole, and the force is applied to the adjusting spring 52 by screwing or unscrewing the adjusting screw 51 into the adjusting mechanism mounting hole, and then the force is applied to the adjusting slider 53, and finally the force is applied to the adjusting base 4. Since the optical lens 22 is connected to the lens mounting bracket 21, and the lens mounting bracket 21 is installed in the adjusting base 4, the centering adjusting assembly 5 adjusts the centering of the laser collimator.

[0050] Preferably, the number of the matching grooves 42, the adjusting holes 311 and the centering adjusting assemblies 5 is the same, and is three or more. When the number of the adjusting points is three or more and is uniformly distributed in the circumference, the force applied to the adjusting base 4 by each adjusting assembly is symmetrical and balanced. This symmetry makes the movement of the adjusting base 4 more stable and linear, avoids the jamming or shaking phenomenon caused by uneven force, and allows extremely fine and smooth fine adjustment.

[0051] In some embodiments, the number of matching grooves 42, adjustment holes 311 and centering adjustment assemblies 5 is three. According to the geometric principle of "three points determine a plane", three evenly distributed adjustment points constitute the simplest and most stable support and driving system for the adjustment base 4. This ensures that the adjustment base 4 always moves on a certain plane during the adjustment process, eliminating the freedom to produce tilt or warping, thereby ensuring the pure translational movement of the laser spot and simplifying the logic of centering adjustment. With three matching grooves 42, three adjustment holes 311 and three centering adjustment assemblies 5, the number of parts can be minimized, the structural complexity and assembly difficulty can be reduced, and the overall adjustment function can be realized. This directly improves the reliability of the entire adjustment module and helps to reduce the product size.

[0052] In some embodiments, the number of matching grooves 42, adjustment holes 311 and centering adjustment assemblies 5 is more than three. Four or more adjustment points, although slightly more complex in structure, can provide stronger rigid holding capacity and more precise local deformation correction potential without changing the adjustment principle, to adapt to extreme precision requirements.

[0053] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the mounting groove 41 is provided with a second internal thread, and the outer side wall of the lens mounting bracket 21 is provided with a second external thread matched with the second internal thread, so that the lens assembly 2 can move along the first direction Z relative to the adjustment base 4 by rotating. In this way, the screw pair formed by the second internal thread and the second external thread converts the rotary motion into precise linear displacement, and the position of the optical lens 22 along the optical axis direction (i.e. the first direction Z) can be adjusted steplessly and continuously by simply rotating the lens mounting bracket 21, thereby accurately controlling the focal point of the laser beam. This adjustment method is intuitive, linear and has high resolution, and the operator can easily and quickly adjust the spot to the best state, which helps to further improve the calibration efficiency. Moreover, the threaded connection has self-locking characteristics. Once adjusted in place, the friction generated by the threaded connection can reliably lock the position of the lens assembly 2, preventing accidental displacement under vibration or impact. At the same time, the precise machining of the thread ensures good repeatability of the adjustment action, allowing repeated fine tuning when needed without losing accuracy. Integrating the focusing function directly between the adjustment base 4 and the lens mounting bracket 21 eliminates the need for additional and complex focusing mechanisms or tools. This makes the entire laser centering device very compact and reliable, while also reducing the complexity and manufacturing cost of parts. Threaded connection is a standard detachable connection method. When it is necessary to clean the optical lens 22 or replace the lens assembly 2, the lens mounting bracket 21 can be easily rotated out of the adjustment base 4, making maintenance simple without destructive disassembly, and significantly extending the maintainable life of the product.

[0054] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 , and Figures 7-10The laser collimator further comprises an axle system assembly 6, which is provided with a connecting hole 6121 extending along the first direction Z, and an inner side wall of the connecting hole 6121 is provided with a third internal thread. The mounting seat 3 comprises a screw rod part 32 and a support part 31, the screw rod part 32 is inserted into the connecting hole 6121 and matched with the third internal thread, and the support part 31 is connected to the screw rod part 32 and located at one side of the axle system assembly 6.

[0055] The matching of the screw rod part 32 and the third internal thread of the axle system assembly 6 can form a standard and fast mechanical interface. When the laser collimator is installed or disassembled, only the whole module needs to be rotated to complete the installation or disassembly, without the need of any special tools or complex steps, which helps to shorten the time of on-site installation, replacement or factory maintenance of the instrument and improve the overall efficiency of surveying and mapping work.

[0056] The thread pair formed by the third external thread and the third internal thread has very high guidance and repeat positioning accuracy. When the laser collimator is tightened to a fixed torque each time, the axial position and the circumferential angle of the laser collimator relative to the axle system assembly 6 can be accurately reproduced, which ensures that the centering of the optical axis of the laser collimator and the mechanical rotation axis of the instrument can remain consistent after each disassembly and assembly, and the trouble of repeated calibration is avoided, which is the basis of high interchangeability of the instrument.

[0057] The axle system assembly 6 comprises an inner shaft 61, an outer shaft 62 and a plane bearing 63. The inner shaft 61 comprises a flange part 611 and a shaft body part 612 connected along the first direction Z, and the shaft body part 612 is provided with the connecting hole 6121. The outer shaft 62 is sleeved on the shaft body part 612 and can rotate around the shaft body part 612. The plane bearing 63 is sleeved on the shaft body part 612 and connected between the flange part 611 and the outer shaft 62 along the first direction Z.

[0058] By introducing the plane bearing 63 between the relatively rotating flange part 611 of the inner shaft 61 and the outer shaft 62, the traditional sliding friction of the shaft and hole surface is converted into the point contact rolling friction of the ball 632 of the plane bearing 63. This can reduce the rotation torque and friction loss, solve the problem of easy wear and jamming of the traditional axle system, and prolong the service life and maintenance-free period of the axle system.

[0059] It should be noted that the plane bearing 63 is connected between the first shaft body and the outer shaft 62, which means that the plane bearing 63 is arranged between the first shaft body and the outer shaft 62 and connected to the first shaft body and the shaft body part 612 respectively.

[0060] The outer shaft 62 is provided with a through hole 622 penetrating along the first direction Z, and the shaft body 612 penetrates the through hole 622; the inner side of the through hole 622 of the outer shaft 62 and the outer side of the shaft body 612 of the inner shaft 61 are attached, and a small assembly gap is designed between the two, and a grinding process is additionally required to make them very smooth, so that the two can rotate after assembly, and the inner shaft 61 and the outer shaft 62 are coaxial, so that the rotation center axis of the inner shaft 61 and the rotation center axis of the outer shaft 62 are coaxial, reducing assembly error and improving instrument precision. The inner side of the through hole 622 is also provided with an inner recess structure 623, the function of the inner recess structure 623 is to avoid large-area finishing of the inner side of the outer shaft 62, reduce processing cost, and improve the precision of the outer shaft 62, in addition, it also has the function of storing lubricating oil, so that the inner shaft 61 and the outer shaft 62 rotate more smoothly, reducing shaft wear. The inner recess structure 623 also has the function of storing lubricating oil, so that the inner shaft 61 and the outer shaft 62 rotate more smoothly, reducing shaft wear.

[0061] The flange part 611 is provided with a counterbore 6111 communicating with the connecting hole 6121. The function of the counterbore 6111 of the inner shaft 61 is to avoid large-area finishing of the flange of the inner shaft 61, reduce processing cost, and improve assembly precision.

[0062] Four first threaded holes 6112 (equally distributed at 90°) are arranged on the flange, and three second threaded holes 621 (equally distributed at 120°) and an instrument base positioning shoulder 624 are arranged on the outer shaft 62. In the working of the total station shaft structure, the inner shaft 61 is connected with the instrument main body and moves together, and the four inner shaft 61 mounting threaded holes are used to mount the inner shaft 61 to the instrument main body. The outer shaft 62 is connected with the instrument base and moves together, and the three outer shaft 62 mounting threaded holes are used to mount the outer shaft 62 to the instrument base, and the instrument base positioning shoulder is used for assembly positioning of the instrument base. The inner shaft 61 and the outer shaft 62 rotate relative to each other, that is, the instrument base and the instrument main body rotate relative to each other, and the instrument base is mounted on the servo total station stand.

[0063] The outer thread of the screw rod part 32 of the mounting seat 3 and the inner thread of the lower end of the connecting hole 6121 are matched, the screw rod part 32 of the mounting seat 3 is screwed into the bottom of the inner shaft 61, and the mounting seat 3 is fixed on the inner shaft 61 after being tightened. After assembly, the upper end surface of the supporting part 31 of the mounting seat 3 is attached to the bottom end surface of the inner shaft 61 and the bottom end surface of the outer shaft 62. The supporting part 31 of the mounting seat 3 serves to fix the outer shaft 62 on the inner shaft 61, so that the outer shaft 62 does not fall downward. The upper end surface of the supporting part 31 of the mounting seat 3 and the bottom end surface of the outer shaft 62 need to be treated by grinding process to make them very smooth. After the mounting seat 3 is tightened, there is a very small assembly gap between the upper end surface of the bottom of the mounting seat 3 and the bottom end surface of the outer shaft 62, which can ensure that the outer shaft 62 and the inner shaft 61 can rotate after the mounting seat 3 is tightened and fixed, and can also serve to limit the outer shaft 62, so that the outer shaft 62 does not fall downward and shake. In addition, the screw rod part 32 of the mounting seat 3 is also provided with a tool withdrawal groove 323 near the supporting part 31. The tool withdrawal groove 323 serves to make the outer thread of the screw rod part 32 of the mounting seat 3 in place, so that the upper end surface of the supporting part 31 of the mounting seat 3 and the bottom end surface of the inner shaft 61 are attached after assembly. The bottom end surface of the inner shaft 61 and the upper end surface of the bottom of the mounting seat 3 are reference surfaces that are finished and have high flatness requirements, which effectively reduces assembly errors and improves instrument accuracy. The supporting part 31 of the mounting seat 3 is provided with a tool clamping groove 312, which facilitates the clamping of the tool for tightening or loosening the mounting seat 3. During assembly, some lubricating oil is usually applied to the upper end surface of the mounting seat 3 and the bottom end of the outer shaft 62 to increase smoothness and reduce noise.

[0064] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 8 and Figure 10 , the plane bearing 63 includes a bearing body 631 and a plurality of balls 632. The bearing body 631 is provided with a central hole 6311, and the shaft body part 612 is arranged through the central hole 6311. The plurality of balls 632 are arranged in the bearing body 631 and distributed along the circumference of the central hole 6311. The bearing body 631 is provided with an oil storage groove 6312 for storing lubricant, and the oil storage groove 6312 is arranged around the balls 632.

[0065] The plurality of balls 632 are uniformly distributed along the circumference, converting the relative rotation between the outer shaft 62 and the inner shaft 61 into pure rolling motion of the balls 632. This multi-point uniform support method can reduce the rotational friction torque, making the rotation smoother and more stable, and providing a stepless and accurate angle reference for measurement. The oil storage groove 6312 can store a sufficient amount of lubricant (such as grease or lubricating oil). During operation of the shaft system, the lubricant can continuously and slowly seep out, forming a stable lubricating oil film on the balls 632 and the contact surface, which can solve the problems of dry friction, accelerated wear and increased noise caused by insufficient lubrication, prolong the service life of the plane bearing 63 and even the entire shaft system assembly 6, and reduce the maintenance requirements.

[0066] The lubricant in the oil storage groove 6312 can also play a certain sealing and dustproof role, and helps to block the intrusion of external impurities into the rolling contact area.

[0067] The plurality of oil storage grooves 6312 and the plurality of rolling balls 632 are arranged one by one.

[0068] In some embodiments, the rolling ball 632 is a rolling steel ball.

[0069] Under the action of the rolling ball 632 on the plane bearing 63, rolling between the two mechanical rotating parts of the inner shaft 61 and the outer shaft 62 can be more smooth, and the rolling ball 632 is attached to the two mechanical rotating parts, so that the rotation accuracy is higher, the contact between the rolling ball 632 and the two mechanical rotating parts is point contact, so that the friction force is reduced, the shaft wear is reduced, the noise is reduced, the rolling efficiency is higher, and a plurality of grooves are designed on the plane bearing 63 to store lubricating oil, so that the rolling of the rolling ball 632 is more smooth.

[0070] The laser centering device provided by the application is a device for quickly aligning the center of an instrument with a survey station by a laser beam, and the precision can reach 1.5 mm (1.5 m), which can replace a traditional optical centering device, and the center of the instrument is accurately projected to the ground survey station by emitting a laser spot, so that the centering efficiency and precision are improved. The advantages include: 1. convenient operation, without the need to bend down to observe optical components, especially suitable for dark or narrow environments; 2. higher precision, the spot diameter is less than or equal to 2.5 mm at a height of 1.5 m, and the centering error is less than or equal to 1.5 mm; 3. efficiency is improved: the centering and leveling can be quickly completed by cooperating with an electronic compensator, and the manual operation time is reduced.

[0071] In a second aspect, the application further provides a total station, which comprises the laser centering device of any one of the above.

[0072] The above description is only the preferred embodiments of the application, and it should be pointed out that, for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the technical principles of the application, a number of improvements and replacements can be made, and these improvements and replacements should be regarded as the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A laser alignment device, characterized in that, include: A laser emitter, wherein the laser beam emission direction of the laser emitter is a first direction; Lens assembly; The mounting base is provided with an emitter mounting hole, a first light-transmitting hole, a second light-transmitting hole and a lens mounting hole that are sequentially connected along the first direction. The laser emitter is disposed in the emitter mounting hole and the lens assembly is disposed in the lens mounting hole. The second light-transmitting hole has a larger aperture than the first light-transmitting hole, and the inner wall of the second light-transmitting hole is provided with an extinction structure for attenuating stray light.

2. The laser alignment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The matting structure is a matting internal thread formed on the inner wall of the second light-transmitting hole.

3. The laser alignment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lens assembly includes a lens mounting bracket and an optical lens. The lens mounting bracket is disposed in the lens mounting hole and has a receiving groove. The optical lens is fixed in the receiving groove. The lens mounting bracket also has a third light-transmitting hole that connects the receiving groove and the second light-transmitting hole. The diameter of the third light-transmitting hole is smaller than the diameter of the second light-transmitting hole.

4. The laser alignment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an adjustment base and multiple centering adjustment components; The adjustment base is disposed inside the lens mounting hole, and the outer side wall of the adjustment base is spaced apart from the inner side wall of the lens mounting hole. The adjustment base is provided with a mounting groove, and the lens assembly is disposed in the mounting groove and fixed to the adjustment base; The adjusting base has a first central axis; The outer wall of the adjusting base is provided with a plurality of mating grooves distributed around the first central axis; The mounting base is provided with a plurality of adjustment holes distributed around the first central axis. The adjustment holes are connected to the lens mounting holes, and the inner wall of the adjustment holes is provided with a first internal thread. The plurality of mating grooves, the plurality of adjusting holes, and the plurality of centering adjusting components correspond one-to-one; The centering adjustment assembly includes an adjusting screw, an adjusting spring, and an adjusting slider. One end of the adjusting slider is embedded in the mating groove, and the other end is located in the adjusting hole. At least a portion of the adjusting screw is located in the adjusting hole and is threadedly connected to the first internal thread. The adjusting spring is connected between the adjusting screw and the adjusting slider.

5. The laser alignment device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The number of the mating groove, the adjusting hole, and the centering adjusting component is the same, and there are three or more of them.

6. The laser alignment device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner wall of the mounting groove is provided with a second internal thread, and the lens assembly includes a lens mounting bracket. The outer wall of the lens mounting bracket is provided with a second external thread that mates with the second internal thread.

7. The laser alignment device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, It also includes a shaft assembly, the shaft assembly having a connecting hole extending along the first direction, and the inner wall of the connecting hole having a third internal thread; The mounting base includes a screw portion and a support portion. The screw portion is inserted into the connecting hole and engages with the third internal thread. The support portion is connected to the screw portion and is located on one side of the shaft assembly.

8. The laser alignment device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The shaft assembly includes an inner shaft, an outer shaft, and a planar bearing; the inner shaft includes a flange portion and a shaft body portion connected along the first direction, and the shaft body portion is provided with the connecting hole; the outer shaft is sleeved on the shaft body portion and can rotate around the shaft body portion; the planar bearing is sleeved on the shaft body portion, and along the first direction, the planar bearing is connected between the flange portion and the outer shaft.

9. The laser alignment device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The planar bearing includes a bearing body and a plurality of balls. The bearing body has a central hole, and the shaft portion passes through the shaft portion. The plurality of balls are disposed inside the bearing body and distributed circumferentially along the central hole. The bearing body has an oil storage groove, which surrounds the balls.

10. A total station, characterized in that, Includes the laser alignment device as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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