Precise control process for breeding and releasing fry hatching conditions

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of enhancement and release of aquatic animals, and discloses an accurate enhancement and release fry incubation condition control process which comprises the following steps: S1, preparing an incubation foundation; s2, dynamic parameter monitoring; s3, environment adaptive adjustment: comparing the monitoring parameters with a preset standard interval, and carrying out closed-loop adjustment on the environment parameters through a PID (Proportion Integration Differentiation) algorithm; s4, performing abnormity and seedling emergence management; s5, releasing, domesticating and verifying; and S6, tracing the whole process. The technical scheme that dynamic parameter monitoring and PID closed-loop adjustment are combined is adopted, incubation environment parameters are collected in real time and dynamically adjusted through a PID algorithm, the technical effects that the incubation environment is continuous and stable, and the early survival ability of fries is improved are achieved, and compared with fixed parameter incubation or manual timing monitoring adjustment in the prior art, the technical efficiency is improved. The defects that dynamic environment requirements of different development stages of fries cannot be responded in time, and survival of the fries is restrained due to parameter fluctuation are overcome.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of aquatic animal propagation and release, in particular to a precise control process for hatching conditions of propagation and release fry. BACKGROUND

[0002] Fry hatching is a core technical link in fishery resource restoration and conservation, mainly through artificial regulation of hatching environment to provide suitable temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH value, water flow velocity and other conditions for fish eggs, promote normal membrane rupture of fertilized eggs, healthy development of fry, and finally cultivate high-quality fry meeting the requirements of large-scale release.

[0003] The technology is widely used in fishery resource replenishment of freshwater lakes, rivers and offshore waters, covering common economic fish and rare protected fish such as Cyprinidae, Acipenseridae and Salmonidae, and its core goal is to improve the survival rate of fry and the adaptability after release, helping to restore the balance of the ecosystem. In practical application, the hatching process needs to consider environmental stability and fry development needs, and through scientific control, it realizes high hatching rate, low deformity rate and strong adaptability, which is a key link between artificial breeding and natural propagation.

[0004] At present, in the existing fry hatching technology for propagation and release, environmental parameter control mainly adopts two schemes of fixed parameter hatching or artificial timing monitoring and adjustment: the former sets single fixed temperature, dissolved oxygen and other parameters throughout the whole hatching period to simplify the operation, without considering the physiological needs of fry at different development stages from fertilized egg stage to juvenile stage, and the latter relies on artificial timing detection of environmental parameters and manual adjustment of equipment for adjustment, which is limited by human operation interval and response speed, and it is difficult to capture parameter fluctuations in real time, resulting in poor stability of hatching environment. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a precise control process for hatching conditions of propagation and release fry, which solves the problem that the fixed parameter hatching or artificial timing monitoring and adjustment in the prior art cannot timely respond to the dynamic environmental needs of fry at different development stages and easily causes the survival of fry to be inhibited due to parameter fluctuations.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application realizes the following technical scheme: a precise control process for hatching conditions of propagation and release fry, comprising the following steps: S1, hatching basic preparation: filtering, disinfecting and calibrating the water source for hatching, setting the initial environmental parameters of the hatching container according to the needs of the fry variety, introducing the treated water and stabilizing to form the initial environment for hatching; S2, dynamic parameter monitoring: real-time collection of initial environmental parameters and fry development state data to form a dynamic monitoring data set; S3, environmental adaptation adjustment: compare the monitoring parameters with the preset standard interval, adjust the environmental parameters through the PID algorithm closed loop, switch the standard interval according to the fish fry development stage and repeat the monitoring and adjustment; S4, abnormality and fry management: when the parameters exceed the emergency threshold, trigger emergency adjustment and record, detect the vigor, size and health of juvenile fish, determine the fry detection standard, and obtain qualified fry population, otherwise return to adjustment; S5, release acclimation verification: collect environmental parameters of the target release area, set the acclimation period, acclimate the qualified fry and monitor the release environment, and release after passing, otherwise adjust the acclimation; S6, whole process traceability: record whole process process parameters, monitoring data, etc., use encrypted database storage, including time stamp, operator and equipment number information.

[0007] Preferably, in S1, the filtration adopts 50-100 μm ceramic membrane multi-stage filtration, and the disinfection adopts ultraviolet disinfection, and the ultraviolet disinfection dose is 15-25 mJ / cm 2 .

[0008] Preferably, in S1, the parameters formed after water quality calibration include: dissolved oxygen≥7.0 mg / L, pH value 7.2-8.4, ammonia nitrogen≤0.03 mg / L, hardness 50-150 mg CaCO3 / L.

[0009] Preferably, in S1, the initial environmental parameters include: temperature 18-28℃, water flow velocity 0.1-0.3 m / s, light intensity 500-1200 lux and 12L:12D light cycle, and water body stabilization time is 2-4 hours.

[0010] Preferably, in S2, the collected initial environmental parameters include: temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH value, water flow velocity and light intensity; the temperature sensor accuracy is ±0.1℃, and the dissolved oxygen sensor accuracy is ±0.05 mg / L.

[0011] Preferably, in S2, the fish fry development state data includes: fertilized egg hatching rate, membrane rupture synchronization rate, larva swimming vigor and juvenile deformity rate, and the parameter collection frequency is 5-10 minutes / time.

[0012] Preferably, in S3, the parameter control requirements of closed loop adjustment include: temperature adjustment rate≤0.5℃ / h, temperature fluctuation≤0.2℃, dissolved oxygen fluctuation≤0.2 mg / L, and pH value adjustment accuracy±0.1.

[0013] Preferably, in S3, the development stage switching includes: reducing the temperature of fertilized eggs by 1-2℃ and reducing the light by 200-300 lux; The membrane rupture period temperature is unchanged, the illumination is 300-800 lux, and the water flow is increased by 0.05 m / s. The temperature is increased by 1-2 DEG C, the illumination is 800-1500 lux, and the water flow is increased by 0.1 m / s in the larva period. The temperature is increased by 2-3 DEG C, the illumination is 1000-2000 lux, and the water flow is increased by 0.15 m / s in the juvenile fish period.

[0014] Preferably, in the S4, the emergency threshold is that the temperature deviates by ±2 DEG C, the dissolved oxygen is less than or equal to 5.0 mg / L, the pH is less than 6.5 or greater than 9.0, and the ammonia nitrogen is greater than or equal to 0.1 mg / L. When the emergency adjustment is performed, the standby oxygenation system and the constant-temperature heating or refrigeration device are preferentially started.

[0015] Preferably, in the S4, the hatching detection standard is that the swimming response rate is 85%-95% within 30 seconds, the body length deviation is 5%-10% and there is no deformity, the surface is not damaged, and the pathogenic bacteria detection is negative. In the S5, the acclimation period is 3-7 days, and the daily parameter deviation with the release area is reduced by 20%-30%. In the S6, the encryption database traceability retention period is 3-5 years.

[0016] The application provides a propagation and release fry hatching condition precise control process. 1、The application adopts the technical scheme of dynamic parameter monitoring combined with PID closed-loop adjustment, realizes real-time collection of hatching environment parameters and dynamic adjustment relying on the PID algorithm, achieves the technical effects of continuous stability of the hatching environment and improvement of the early survival ability of fry, and solves the problems that the fixed parameter hatching in the prior art or artificial timing monitoring and adjustment cannot timely respond to the dynamic environment needs of fry at different development stages and easily causes the survival of fry to be inhibited due to parameter fluctuation.

[0017] 2、The application adopts the technical scheme of staged development adaptation switching, adjusts the core parameters such as temperature, water flow and illumination according to the different physiological characteristics of the fertilized egg period, membrane rupture period, larva period and juvenile fish period, achieves the technical effects of improvement of fry development synchronization and optimization of specification consistency, and solves the problems that the technical scheme of single parameter throughout the whole hatching period in the prior art cannot match the physiological preferences of fry at different development stages and easily causes development imbalance.

[0018] 3、The application adopts the technical scheme of combining release acclimatization transition with full-process tracing, gradually acclimatizes the seedlings to the natural environment through gradient acclimatization, and records the full-process parameters in an encrypted database, so that the environmental adaptability of the seedlings after release is improved, and the process optimization is traceable, compared with the technical scheme in the prior art of directly releasing indoor seedlings into natural water or without system tracing record, the problems of high mortality of seedlings due to sudden environmental changes and the inability to locate and troubleshoot subsequent process problems are solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The application is a process flow diagram for precise control of the hatching conditions of proliferated and released fry. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions of the application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the application.

[0021] Please refer to the drawings of the application Figure 1 The application provides a process for precise control of the hatching conditions of proliferated and released fry, which comprises the following steps: S1, hatching basic preparation: filtering, disinfecting and calibrating the water quality of the hatching water source, setting the initial environmental parameters of the hatching container according to the requirements of the fry variety, introducing the treated water body and stabilizing it to form the initial environment for hatching; The filtering adopts multi-stage ceramic membrane filtration of 50-100 microns, and the disinfection adopts ultraviolet disinfection with a dose of 15-25 mJ / cm 2 ; The parameters formed after water quality calibration include: dissolved oxygen ≥7.0 mg / L, pH value 7.2-8.4, ammonia nitrogen ≤0.03 mg / L, and hardness 50-150 mg CaCO3 / L; The initial environmental parameters include: temperature 18-28℃, water flow velocity 0.1-0.3 m / s, light intensity 500-1200 lux, and 12L:12D light cycle, and the water body stabilization time is 2-4 hours; S2, dynamic parameter monitoring: real-time collection of initial environmental parameters and fry development state data to form a dynamic monitoring data set; The collected initial environmental parameters include: temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH value, water flow velocity and light intensity; the temperature sensor has an accuracy of ±0.1℃, and the dissolved oxygen sensor has an accuracy of ±0.05 mg / L.

[0022] Data on fry development status include: fertilized egg hatching rate, membrane rupture synchronization rate, larval swimming activity and juvenile deformity rate, with parameters collected every 5-10 minutes. S3. Environmental adaptation and adjustment: Compare the monitoring parameters with the preset standard range, adjust the environmental parameters through a closed loop using a PID algorithm, switch the standard range according to the development stage of the fish fry, and repeat the monitoring and adjustment. The closed-loop regulation parameter control requirements include: temperature regulation rate ≤ 0.5℃ / h, temperature fluctuation ≤ 0.2℃, dissolved oxygen fluctuation ≤ 0.2mg / L, and pH value regulation accuracy ±0.1.

[0023] The transition between developmental stages includes: a 1-2°C decrease in temperature and a 200-300 lux decrease in light intensity during the fertilized egg stage; During the film rupture period, the temperature remained constant, the light intensity was 300-800 lux, and the water flow rate was increased by 0.05 m / s; During the larval stage, increase the temperature by 1-2℃, the light intensity by 800-1500 lux, and the water flow by 0.1 m / s; During the juvenile stage, the temperature should be increased by 2-3℃, the light intensity by 1000-2000 lux, and the water flow by 0.15 m / s. S4. Abnormalities and Hatching Management: When parameters exceed the emergency threshold, emergency adjustment is triggered and recorded. Vitality, size and health of juvenile fry are tested. Hatching test standards are defined. If the standards are met, a qualified fry group is obtained; otherwise, the adjustment is returned. The emergency thresholds are: temperature deviation ±2℃, dissolved oxygen ≤5.0mg / L, pH <6.5 or >9.0, and ammonia nitrogen ≥0.1mg / L. In case of emergency adjustment, the backup oxygenation system and constant temperature heating or cooling device should be activated first.

[0024] The seedling emergence test standards are: swimming response rate of 85%-95% within 30 seconds, body length deviation of 5%-10% with no deformities, no damage to the body surface and negative test for pathogens; S5. Release and acclimatization verification: Collect environmental parameters of the target release area, set the acclimatization period, conduct gradient acclimatization of qualified fish fry and simulate the release environment for monitoring. Release the fish after they pass the test; otherwise, adjust the acclimatization. The acclimatization period is 3-7 days, and the daily parameters deviate from the release area by 20%-30%. S6. Full-process traceability: Records process parameters and monitoring data throughout the entire process, and stores them in an encrypted database, including timestamps, operator and equipment number information; The encrypted database has a retention period of 3-5 years.

[0025] The following is a description with reference to specific embodiments: Example 1 The process for precisely controlling the hatching conditions of fish fry released for stock enhancement includes the following steps: S1. Basic preparation for incubation: Filtration uses a 50μm ceramic membrane multi-stage filtration to remove suspended particles with a diameter ≥50μm from the water source; disinfection uses 15mJ / cm 2 The ultraviolet light dose killed more than 99% of pathogens in the water source. After water quality calibration, the dissolved oxygen was 7.0 mg / L, pH value was 7.2, ammonia nitrogen was 0.01 mg / L, and hardness was 50 mg CaCO3 / L. The initial environmental parameters were set as follows: temperature 18℃ with an accuracy of ±0.1℃, water flow velocity 0.1 m / s, light intensity 500 lux, and light cycle 12L:12D. The treated water was introduced into a 100L incubation container and stabilized for 2 hours to form the initial incubation environment. S2. Dynamic parameter monitoring: Temperature accuracy ±0.1℃, dissolved oxygen accuracy ±0.05mg / L, pH value, water flow velocity, and light intensity are collected in real time through distributed sensors at a frequency of 5 minutes / time. At the same time, the hatching rate of fertilized eggs, the hatching synchronization rate, the swimming vitality of larvae, and the deformity rate of juveniles are recorded through machine vision. The data are stored in the monitoring system in real time to form a dynamic monitoring dataset. S3. Environmental Adaptation and Adjustment: The closed-loop adjustment parameters are set as follows: temperature adjustment rate 0.3℃ / h, temperature fluctuation 0.1℃, dissolved oxygen fluctuation 0.1mg / L, and pH adjustment accuracy ±0.1. When switching developmental stages, the temperature during the fertilized egg stage is reduced to 17℃, the light intensity is reduced to 300 lux, and the water flow velocity is maintained at 0.1m / s. During the hatching stage, the temperature is maintained at 18℃, the light intensity is 300 lux, and the water flow velocity is increased to 0.15m / s. During the larval stage, the temperature is increased to 19℃, the light intensity is 800 lux, and the water flow velocity is increased to 0.2m / s. During the juvenile stage, the temperature is increased to 20℃, the light intensity is 1000 lux, and the water flow velocity is increased to 0.25m / s. After switching, the monitoring in S2 is repeated to ensure that the parameters are stable within the threshold. S4. Abnormalities and Seedling Management: When the temperature deviates from 18±2℃, dissolved oxygen ≤5.0mg / L, pH <6.5 or >9.0, or ammonia nitrogen ≥0.1mg / L, emergency regulation is triggered. The backup aeration system is activated to raise the dissolved oxygen to ≥6.0mg / L, and the temperature is lowered back to 16-20℃ through the constant temperature refrigeration device. The abnormality log is recorded simultaneously. Seedlings in the juvenile stage are tested. Seedlings with a swimming response rate of 85% within 30 seconds, a body length deviation of 5% and no deformities, no damage to the body surface, and negative tests for Vibrio and Aeromonas are judged as qualified groups. S5. Release and domestication verification: The domestication period is set to 3 days. The deviation between the domestication environment parameters and the target release area parameters is reduced by 20% every day. After domestication, a 100L simulated environment consistent with the release area is built. After domestication, the fry are continuously monitored for 24 hours. When the survival rate is ≥95% and the swimming vitality is ≥85%, the release is carried out. S6. Full-process traceability: An encrypted database is used to record all parameters and operation information from S1 to S5, and the traceability retention period is 3 years.

[0026] Example 2 The process for precisely controlling the hatching conditions of fish fry released for stock enhancement includes the following steps: S1. Basic preparations for incubation: Filtration employs a 75μm ceramic membrane multi-stage filtration system to balance filtration efficiency and water flowability; disinfection uses 20mJ / cm². 2 The ultraviolet radiation dose ensured a pathogenic bacteria kill rate of ≥99.5%. After water quality calibration, the dissolved oxygen was 7.8 mg / L, pH was 7.8, ammonia nitrogen was 0.02 mg / L, and hardness was 100 mg CaCO3 / L. The initial environmental parameters were set as follows: temperature 23℃ (accuracy ±0.1℃), water flow velocity 0.2 m / s, light intensity 850 lux, and light cycle 12L:12D. The treated water was introduced into a 500L incubation container and stabilized for 3 hours to form the initial incubation environment. S2. Dynamic parameter monitoring: Temperature accuracy ±0.1℃, dissolved oxygen accuracy ±0.05mg / L, pH value, water flow velocity, and light intensity are collected in real time through distributed sensors at a frequency of 7 minutes / time. At the same time, the hatching rate of fertilized eggs, the hatching synchronization rate, the swimming vitality of larvae, and the malformation rate of juveniles are verified and recorded through machine vision combined with manual sampling to ensure that the hatching synchronization rate error is ≤3%. The data is stored in the monitoring system in real time to form a dynamic monitoring dataset. S3. Environmental Adaptation and Adjustment: The closed-loop adjustment parameters are set as follows: temperature adjustment rate 0.4℃ / h, temperature fluctuation 0.15℃, dissolved oxygen fluctuation 0.15mg / L, and pH adjustment accuracy ±0.1. When switching developmental stages, the temperature during the fertilized egg stage is reduced to 21.5℃, the light intensity is reduced to 600 lux, and the water flow velocity is maintained at 0.2m / s. During the hatching stage, the temperature is maintained at 23℃, the light intensity is 550 lux, and the water flow velocity is increased to 0.25m / s. During the larval stage, the temperature is increased to 24.5℃, the light intensity is 1150 lux, and the water flow velocity is increased to 0.3m / s. During the juvenile stage, the temperature is increased to 25.5℃, the light intensity is 1500 lux, and the water flow velocity is increased to 0.35m / s. After switching, the monitoring in S2 is repeated to ensure parameter stability. S4. Abnormalities and Seedling Management: When parameters exceed the safe range, prioritize the activation of the dual-path backup aeration system to ensure rapid recovery of dissolved oxygen, and simultaneously record the emergency handling process; conduct tests on fry during the juvenile stage, and fry with a swimming response rate of 90% within 30 seconds, a body length deviation of 7% and no deformities, no damage to the body surface and negative pathogen test are judged as qualified groups, with a qualified fry rate ≥98%; S5. Release and acclimatization verification: The acclimatization period is set to 5 days. The deviation between the acclimatization environment parameters and the target release area parameters is reduced by 25% every day. In the later stage of acclimatization, the water flow disturbance of 0.35m / s and the natural light cycle of the release area are simulated. After the acclimatization is completed, a 500L simulated environment is built, and fish fry are released and monitored continuously for 36 hours. When the survival rate is ≥97%, the release is carried out. S6. Full-process traceability: All data from S1 to S5 is recorded using an encrypted database. The traceability retention period is 4 years. It supports multi-terminal queries on computers and mobile devices to facilitate the daily management of farms.

[0027] Example 3 The process for precisely controlling the hatching conditions of fish fry released for stock enhancement includes the following steps: S1. Basic preparations for incubation: Filtration uses a 100μm ceramic membrane multi-stage filtration system, suitable for a single-hour processing capacity of ≥10m³ / h. 3 High-flow water source, disinfection using 25mJ / cm 2 The ultraviolet radiation dose ensured a pathogenic bacteria kill rate of ≥99.8%. After water quality calibration, the dissolved oxygen was 8.5 mg / L, pH was 8.4, ammonia nitrogen was 0.03 mg / L, and hardness was 150 mg CaCO3 / L. The initial environmental parameters were set as follows: temperature 28℃ (accuracy ±0.1℃), water flow velocity 0.3 m / s, light intensity 1200 lux, and light cycle 12L:12D. The treated water was introduced into a 2000L incubation tank and stabilized for 4 hours to form the initial incubation environment. S2. Dynamic Parameter Monitoring: A 16-channel distributed sensor network covers different areas of the hatching tank, collecting data in real time on temperature (accuracy ±0.1℃), dissolved oxygen (accuracy ±0.05mg / L), pH value, water flow velocity, and light intensity. The data collection frequency is 10 minutes / time, and the data is uploaded to the cloud monitoring platform in real time. The status of the fish fry is captured by a 4K resolution high-definition industrial camera, and AI algorithms are used to analyze the hatching rate of fertilized eggs, the hatching synchronization rate, the swimming vitality of larvae, and the deformity rate of juveniles. The deformity rate recognition accuracy is ≥99%, forming a dynamic monitoring dataset. S3. Environmental Adaptation and Adjustment: The closed-loop adjustment parameters are set as follows: temperature adjustment rate 0.5℃ / h, temperature fluctuation 0.2℃, dissolved oxygen fluctuation 0.2mg / L, and pH adjustment accuracy ±0.1. When switching developmental stages, the temperature during the fertilized egg stage is reduced to 26℃, the light intensity is reduced to 900 lux, and the water flow velocity is maintained at 0.3m / s. During the hatching stage, the temperature is maintained at 28℃, the light intensity is 800 lux, and the water flow velocity is increased to 0.35m / s. During the larval stage, the temperature is increased to 30℃, the light intensity is 1500 lux, and the water flow velocity is increased to 0.4m / s. During the juvenile stage, the temperature is increased to 31℃, the light intensity is 2000 lux, and the water flow velocity is increased to 0.45m / s. After switching, the monitoring in S2 is repeated to ensure parameter stability. S4. Abnormalities and Seedling Management: When parameters exceed the emergency threshold, activate 3 sets of backup aeration systems with a total aeration capacity ≥5kgO2 / h, and dual-path constant temperature devices to ensure that parameters are returned to the safe range within 10 minutes, and record the abnormality log simultaneously; test the fry in the juvenile stage, and determine the qualified group if the swimming response rate is 95% within 30 seconds, the body length deviation is 10% and there are no deformities, the body surface is undamaged and the pathogen test is negative, with a qualified fry rate ≥99%; S5. Release and acclimatization verification: The acclimatization period is set to 7 days. The deviation between the acclimatization environment parameters and the target release area parameters is reduced by 30% every day. During the later stage of acclimatization, a water flow disturbance of 0.5 m / s is simulated in the release area. After the acclimatization is completed, a 2000L simulated environment with water quality and temperature completely consistent with the release area is built. Fish fry are released and continuously monitored for 48 hours. When the survival rate is ≥98%, a batch release is carried out. S6. Full-process traceability: An encrypted database is used to record all data from S1 to S5, with a traceability retention period of 5 years. The database is connected to the local fisheries authority's regulatory platform to meet the traceability requirements for compliance of stock enhancement and release.

[0028] Comparative Example 1 S1. Consistent with Example 2, after the initial environment is formed, parameter monitoring is no longer performed; From S2 to S3, the initial environmental parameters are maintained throughout: temperature 23℃, water flow 0.2m / s, and light intensity 850lux. No adjustments are made based on the developmental status of the fish fry, and there is no PID closed-loop regulation. S4 Abnormalities and Seedling Management: Only manual timed parameter checks are required, twice a day. There is no emergency threshold triggering mechanism. The seedling detection standard is the same as in Example 2. S5 to S6 are the same as in Example 2, but due to the lack of dynamic adjustment in the early stage, the fish fry state before domestication is significantly different.

[0029] Comparative Example 2 S1 to S2 are consistent with Example 2, and dynamic monitoring proceeds normally; S3 does not distinguish between the fertilized egg stage, hatching stage, larval stage and juvenile stage, and maintains the initial parameters throughout: temperature 23℃, water flow 0.2m / s, light intensity 850lux, and has no stage parameter switching logic; S4 to S6 are consistent with Example 2, and the emergency response, testing, and acclimatization procedures remain unchanged.

[0030] Comparative Example 3 S1 to S4 are consistent with Example 2, and the seedlings that passed the emergence test had a swimming response rate of 90% and no deformities. S5. The gradient acclimatization was omitted, and qualified fish fry from indoors were directly transferred to the target release area. The water temperature was 18℃ and the water flow was 0.4m / s, which was significantly different from the indoor environment. There was no simulated release monitoring. S6. No encrypted database storage, only records the number of releases, no parameter traceability.

[0031] Table 1. Comparison of Performance Index Data

[0032] Based on Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3, and in conjunction with the performance index data table, it can be seen that the key influencing factors in this invention—pretreatment of hatching water, monitoring of dynamic parameters, environmental adaptation and adjustment, release and domestication verification, and full-process traceability—have a significant impact on the hatching rate of fertilized eggs, the malformation rate of fry, the survival rate of released fish fry, and the hatching cost. Moreover, there is a good synergistic effect among these factors: pretreatment-monitoring-adjustment-verification-traceability.

[0033] Comparative Example 1, due to its use of a traditional fixed-parameter scheme without dynamic monitoring and closed-loop adjustment, relied solely on manual parameter checks twice daily without real-time environmental adaptation. This resulted in poor environmental stability for fry development, with water temperature fluctuations reaching 0.8℃ and dissolved oxygen dropping as low as 5.8mg / L within 10 minutes. This led to an imbalance between supply and demand for fry growth, requiring emergency adjustments later on. The hatching rate of fertilized eggs was only 78%, compared to 95% in Example 2; the fry deformity rate was 12%, compared to 3% in Example 2; the release survival rate was 65%, compared to 92% in Example 2; and the hatching cost was 15% higher than in Example 2.

[0034] Comparative Example 2, lacking a developmental stage adaptation switching process, maintained the initial environmental parameters throughout: temperature 23℃, water flow 0.2m / s, and light intensity 850 lux. Stage adjustments failed to meet the needs of different developmental stages of the fry, resulting in a membrane breakage synchronization rate of 65%, compared to 90% in Example 2. The fry's feeding efficiency decreased due to the water flow speed not being adapted and remaining at 0.2m / s, with a body length reaching target of only 70%, compared to 92% in Example 2. The release survival rate was 72%, compared to 92% in Example 2, and the frequency of fry stress responses increased threefold during the acclimatization period.

[0035] Comparative Example 3, lacking a release-to-adaptation transition and full-process traceability technology, directly transferred qualified indoor fish fry into natural waters with a water temperature of 18℃ and a current of 0.4m / s, which differed significantly from the indoor environment. Without a gradual environmental adaptation process, the survival rate was only 45% 72 hours after release, compared to 92% in Example 2. Furthermore, due to the lack of traceability data, the cause of death could not be investigated, increasing the cost of subsequent re-hatching by 30%. Example 2, through traceability optimization of acclimatization parameters, still achieved a 90% survival rate after the second release.

[0036] In Examples 1-3, the hatching rate of fertilized eggs after the release of fish fry was between 92% and 95%, the hatching synchronization rate was between 85% and 90%, the fry deformity rate was between 3% and 5%, the larval mortality rate was between 1% and 3%, the body length reaching target rate was between 88% and 92%, and the release survival rate was between 88% and 92%. The hatching cost was 100% of that in Example 2. Examples 1 and 3 were comparable to Example 2 or deviated by ≤5%, all significantly better than the comparative example. The comparative example had a hatching rate of 78%-82%, a hatching synchronization rate of 65%-70%, a fry deformity rate of 8%-12%, a larval mortality rate of 5%-9%, a body length reaching target rate of 70%-75%, a release survival rate of 45%-72%, and a hatching cost of 115%-130% of that in Example 2. Example 2 showed the best performance, with a 95% hatching rate of fertilized eggs, a 90% synchronous hatching rate, a 3% fry deformity rate, a 1% larval mortality rate, a 92% rate of reaching target body length, a 92% survival rate after release, and 100% of the baseline hatching cost. It demonstrated outstanding short-term hatching efficiency and long-term release stability. Example 1 used the lower limit of parameters, with 50μm filtration and 15mJ / cm disinfection. 2 The water temperature was 18℃, and the basic incubation conditions were slightly weaker. The hatching rate of fertilized eggs was 92%, and the survival rate after release was 88%, which were 3.2% and 4.3% lower than those in Example 2, respectively. In Example 3, the parameters were taken at the upper limit, with filtration of 100μm and disinfection of 25mJ / cm. 2 Although the hatching rate of fertilized eggs was 94% and the survival rate of released eggs was 90% at a water temperature of 28℃, which was close to that of Example 2, the high parameter input led to a cost increase to 105% of the baseline, which was 5% higher than that of Example 2. In addition, the difficulty of controlling large flow water increased, and the frequency of emergency triggering was 20% higher than that of Example 2. The cost-effectiveness of long-term incubation was slightly inferior to that of Example 2.

[0037] In Examples 1-3, S1 (incubation water pretreatment), S2 (dynamic parameter monitoring), and S3 (environmental adaptation adjustment) are mutually matched. Example 2, designed for large-scale aquaculture, uses a 75μm ceramic membrane filtration system with a flow rate of 20mJ / cm³. 2 Ultraviolet disinfection, followed by water quality calibration, resulted in dissolved oxygen of 7.8 mg / L, pH of 7.8, and ammonia nitrogen of 0.02 mg / L. Combined with a temperature of 23℃ (accuracy ±0.1℃) and a water flow rate of 0.2 m / s, initial environmental stability was ensured. Dynamic monitoring every 7 minutes and PID closed-loop regulation kept temperature fluctuations within 0.15℃ and dissolved oxygen fluctuations within 0.15 mg / L, providing a suitable developmental environment for the fish fry. This resulted in a 95% hatching rate for fertilized eggs and a 92% survival rate after release. Although Examples 1-3 had different parameter gradients, they all achieved superior hatching results compared to the comparative example due to the continued synergistic logic of pretreatment, monitoring, and regulation, demonstrating that flexible parameter combinations under a unified and coordinated standard can still guarantee efficient hatching. Meanwhile, in Example S3, environmental adaptation and adjustment, and in Example S5, release acclimatization verification, the developmental patterns of fish fry were regulated according to the fertilized egg stage, hatching stage, larval stage, and juvenile stage. In Example 2, the water temperature was lowered to 21.5℃ and the light intensity was 600 lux during the fertilized egg stage; the water temperature was maintained at 23℃ and the water flow was increased to 0.25 m / s during the hatching stage; the water temperature was increased to 24.5℃ and the light intensity was 1150 lux during the larval stage; and the water temperature was increased to 25.5℃ and the water flow was increased to 0.35 m / s during the juvenile stage, precisely matching the physiological needs of each stage. During the acclimatization period of 5 days, the daily parameter deviation was reduced by 25%. In the later stage, the simulated release area had a water flow of 0.35 m / s and natural light intensity to avoid sudden environmental stress. In contrast, Comparative Example 1, due to the lack of dynamic adjustment, and Comparative Example 2, due to the lack of stage adaptation, both resulted in unbalanced development of fish fry and a significant decrease in release survival rate. In addition, Example S6 uses process parameters S1-S5 for full-process traceability. Example 2 records all environmental parameters, monitoring data and adjustment instructions, with a traceability retention period of 4 years, which facilitates subsequent process optimization and problem investigation. However, Comparative Example 3 lacks traceability, making it impossible to locate the cause of death after release. Secondary incubation requires re-exploring parameters, increasing costs by 30%.

[0038] Comparative Example 1 suffered from abnormal parameters for 15 minutes due to the lack of dynamic monitoring and closed-loop regulation, while Example 2 had a mortality rate of 9%. Comparative Example 2 suffered from 850 lux of light during the hatching period due to the lack of stage adaptation, resulting in a deformity rate of 8%, while Example 2 had a rate of 3%. Comparative Example 3 suffered from the lack of acclimatization transition, with a sudden drop in water temperature of 5°C and a sudden increase in water flow of 0.2 m / s, resulting in concentrated mortality within 24 hours after release, with a survival rate of 45%, while Example 2 had a survival rate of 92%. Example 1, with parameters set to the lower limit (dissolved oxygen 7.0 mg / L and water temperature 18℃ after water quality calibration), showed slightly poor initial environmental stability, with a fertilized egg hatching rate of 92% and a release survival rate of 88%, representing decreases of 3.2% and 4.3% respectively compared to Example 2. Example 3, with parameters set to the upper limit (dissolved oxygen 8.5 mg / L and water temperature 28℃), while exhibiting superior environmental parameters, presented increased challenges in controlling the large water volume. Temperature fluctuations of 0.2℃ and dissolved oxygen fluctuations of 0.2 mg / L were slightly higher than the 0.15℃ and 0.15 mg / L fluctuations in Example 2, respectively. The juvenile deformity rate was 4%, 1 percentage point higher than in Example 2. Furthermore, the high disinfection dose of 25 mJ / cm³ resulted in a lower rate of deformity. 2 This resulted in a reduction in beneficial microorganisms in the water source, and the survival rate of the juvenile fish was 97%, which was 2 percentage points lower than the 99% in Example 2.

[0039] In summary, the key factors in this invention (S1-S6) – pretreatment of hatching water, dynamic parameter monitoring, environmental adaptation adjustment, anomaly and fry management, release acclimatization verification, and full-process traceability – work together synergistically to effectively solve the core problems of poor environmental stability, insufficient adaptation to developmental stages, high mortality due to release stress, and lack of traceability in process optimization during the hatching of stocked fish fry. This significantly improves both the short-term hatching efficiency and long-term survival rate of stocked fish fry. In particular, Example 2 achieves an optimal balance between a 95% hatching rate of fertilized eggs, a 3% fry deformity rate, a 92% release survival rate, and a low-cost baseline of 100%, providing a replicable technical solution for fish fry hatching at different scales, including small laboratories, large-scale farms, and large-scale stocking bases. It is fully adaptable to the intensive hatching needs of stocked fish fry of tens of thousands or more. Fisheries Water Quality Standard GB11607-1989; GB / T19527-2004 Technical Specifications for Breeding of Qinghai Lake Naked Carp; GB / T23389-2009 Procedure for Safety Evaluation and Reproductive Testing of Aquatic Feed; GB / T11776-1989 Quality Standard for Grass Carp Fry and Fingerlings.

[0040] Hatching rate of fertilized eggs The percentage of hatched fry out of the total number of fertilized eggs is calculated using the following formula: Hatching rate = (Number of fry hatched per group / Number of fertilized eggs per group) × 100%.

[0041] Synchronous rupture rate The percentage of larvae that hatch within 24 hours out of the total number of larvae.

[0042] Deformity rate of juvenile fish The percentage of newly hatched fry with deformities such as spinal curvature and missing fin rays is calculated using the following formula: Deformity rate = (number of deformed fry per group / number of hatched fry per group) × 100%.

[0043] Larval mortality rate Larval mortality rate = (Initial number of hatched larvae - Number of larvae surviving before the juvenile stage) / Initial number of hatched larvae × 100%; Initial number of hatched larvae: The total number of healthy larvae counted within 24 hours after hatching and rupture of membranes, with a sample size of ≥3 groups and ≥1000 larvae per group; Number of surviving larvae before the juvenile stage: 5-7 days after hatching, before the start of the juvenile stage, the total number of surviving larvae is counted, excluding deformed or abnormally vigorous individuals.

[0044] Body length standard rate Body length standard rate = (number of larvae with body length ≥ standard body length in the sample) / total number of larvae in the sample × 100%.

[0045] Release survival rate The percentage of fish fry that survived 72 hours after release out of the total number released.

[0046] Changes in breeding costs Change in breeding costs = (Unit cost of the group to be evaluated - Unit cost of the benchmark group) / Unit cost of the benchmark group × 100%.

[0047] A positive result indicates that the cost of the group to be evaluated is higher than that of the benchmark group, and the process economy is poor. A negative result indicates that the cost of the group to be evaluated is lower than that of the benchmark group, and the process economy is superior.

[0048] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A process for precisely controlling the hatching conditions of fish fry released for stock enhancement, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Basic preparation for hatching: Filter and disinfect the hatching water source and calibrate the water quality. Set the initial environmental parameters of the hatching container according to the needs of the fish fry species. Introduce the treated water and stabilize it to form the initial environment for hatching. S2. Dynamic parameter monitoring: Real-time collection of initial environmental parameters and fish fry development status data to form a dynamic monitoring dataset; S3. Environmental adaptation and adjustment: Compare the monitoring parameters with the preset standard range, adjust the environmental parameters through a closed loop using a PID algorithm, switch the standard range according to the development stage of the fish fry, and repeat the monitoring and adjustment. S4. Abnormalities and Hatching Management: When parameters exceed the emergency threshold, emergency adjustment is triggered and recorded. Vitality, size and health of juvenile fry are tested. Hatching test standards are defined. If the standards are met, a qualified fry group is obtained; otherwise, the adjustment is returned. S5. Release and acclimatization verification: Collect environmental parameters of the target release area, set the acclimatization period, conduct gradient acclimatization of qualified fish fry and simulate the release environment for monitoring. Release the fish after they pass the test; otherwise, adjust the acclimatization. S6. Full-process traceability: Records process parameters and monitoring data throughout the entire process, stored in an encrypted database, including timestamps, operator and equipment number information.

2. The precise control technology for hatching conditions of stock enhancement and release fish fry according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, filtration employs multi-stage filtration using a 50-100μm ceramic membrane, and disinfection utilizes ultraviolet (UV) disinfection with a UV disinfection dose of 15-25 mJ / cm². 2 .

3. The precise control process for hatching conditions of stocked fish fry according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the parameters formed after water quality calibration include: dissolved oxygen ≥7.0 mg / L, pH value 7.2-8.4, ammonia nitrogen ≤0.03 mg / L, and hardness 50-150 mg CaCO3 / L.

4. The precise control technology for hatching conditions of stocked fish fry according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the initial environmental parameters include: temperature 18-28℃, water flow velocity 0.1-0.3m / s, light intensity 500-1200 lux and 12L:12D light cycle, and water stabilization time of 2-4 hours.

5. The precise control process for hatching conditions of stocked fish fry according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the initial environmental parameters collected include: temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH value, water flow velocity, and light intensity; the temperature sensor accuracy is ±0.1℃, and the dissolved oxygen sensor accuracy is ±0.05mg / L.

6. The precise control technology for hatching conditions of stock enhancement and release fish fry according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the data on the developmental status of fish fry include: fertilized egg hatching rate, membrane rupture synchronization rate, larval swimming activity and juvenile deformity rate, with the parameter acquisition frequency being 5-10 minutes / time.

7. The precise control process for hatching conditions of stocked fish fry according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the parameter control requirements for closed-loop regulation include: temperature regulation rate ≤ 0.5℃ / h, temperature fluctuation ≤ 0.2℃, dissolved oxygen fluctuation ≤ 0.2mg / L, and pH value regulation accuracy ±0.

1.

8. The precise control process for hatching conditions of stocked fish fry according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the developmental stage switching includes: a 1-2°C decrease in temperature and a 200-300 lux decrease in light intensity during the fertilized egg stage; During the film rupture period, the temperature remained constant, the light intensity was 300-800 lux, and the water flow rate was increased by 0.05 m / s; During the larval stage, increase the temperature by 1-2℃, the light intensity by 800-1500 lux, and the water flow by 0.1 m / s; During the juvenile stage, the temperature should be increased by 2-3℃, the light intensity by 1000-2000 lux, and the water flow by 0.15 m / s.

9. The precise control process for hatching conditions of stocked fish fry according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the emergency thresholds are: temperature deviation ±2℃, dissolved oxygen ≤5.0mg / L, pH <6.5 or >9.0, and ammonia nitrogen ≥0.1mg / L; In case of emergency adjustment, the backup oxygenation system and constant temperature heating or cooling device should be activated first.

10. The process for precisely controlling the hatching conditions of fish fry released for stock enhancement according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the seedling detection standard is: swimming response rate of 85%-95% within 30 seconds, body length deviation of 5%-10% with no deformities, no damage to the body surface and negative pathogen detection; In S5, the acclimatization period is 3-7 days, and the daily parameters deviate from the release area by 20%-30%. In S6, the encrypted database is retained for 3-5 years.

Images