Wind power generation practical training method and system

Abstract

The invention provides a wind power generation practical training method and system, which are applied to a small wind power generation practical training device, the small wind power generation practical training device comprises a direct current motor, a wind power generator and a plurality of electrical loops, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining a target wind speed instruction, adjusting the rotating speed of the direct current motor through a control algorithm, driving a generator to simulate a target power generation state; responding to the fault simulation instruction, determining a target fault type and an electrical loop, generating a driving signal to enable a loop switch to act, and changing a connection state to construct an abnormal electrical environment; in the environment, the electric energy of the generator is input into a target loop, a fault phenomenon is simulated, and fault practical training is realized. According to the wind power generation practical training method and system provided by the invention, power generation simulation and wind power generation fault practical training are synchronously completed, a fault practical training whole-process closed loop is realized, the practical training efficiency and authenticity are effectively improved, and an efficient and reliable solution is provided for wind power generation practical training teaching and skill assessment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of wind power generation, and particularly relates to a wind power generation practical training method and system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development and large-scale application of wind power generation technology, the demand for professional operation and maintenance personnel in the wind power industry is rising, and the importance of operation and maintenance training and teaching of wind power generation systems is increasingly prominent. The related training needs are also growing. However, the current small wind power generation training device and related training methods have obvious shortcomings in real wind condition simulation and electrical fault reproduction, and it is difficult to meet the actual requirements of practical teaching. The wind condition simulation of the traditional training method mostly uses fixed wind speed output or simple speed regulation mode, and the restoration degree and authenticity of dynamic wind condition simulation are low. At the same time, most devices lack systematic electrical fault construction capability, and it is difficult to truly reproduce abnormal electrical environments corresponding to various electrical faults, which makes it difficult for students to carry out fault troubleshooting and handling operation training close to the scene in a safe and controllable training scene. The above limitations directly lead to a significant reduction in the depth and effectiveness of practical teaching, which not only restricts the effective improvement of the practical skills of practitioners, but also makes it difficult to meet the training needs of the wind power industry for high-quality and practical operation and maintenance personnel. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a wind power generation practical training method and system to solve the above problems. The method and system simultaneously complete power generation simulation and wind power generation fault training, realize a full-process closed loop of fault training, effectively improve the training efficiency and authenticity, and provide an efficient and reliable solution for wind power generation practical teaching and skill examination.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a wind power generation practical training method applied to a small wind power generation training device, which comprises a direct current motor, a wind turbine and a plurality of electrical circuits. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining a target wind speed instruction; changing the speed of the direct current motor based on the target wind speed instruction and a preset direct current motor control algorithm, so that the direct current motor drives the wind turbine to simulate a target power generation state; in response to a fault simulation instruction, determining a target fault type and a target electrical circuit based on the fault simulation instruction; generating an electrical fault driving signal based on the target fault type and the target electrical circuit; inputting the electrical fault driving signal to the target electrical circuit, so that the switching devices in the target electrical circuit act based on the electrical fault driving signal, thereby changing the electrical connection state of the target electrical circuit to construct an abnormal electrical environment corresponding to the target fault type; In the abnormal electrical environment, the wind power generated by the wind generator is input to the target electrical circuit to simulate the target fault phenomenon, thereby realizing the wind power generation fault training.

[0005] In the above scheme, first, the target wind speed instruction and the control algorithm are used to accurately adjust the speed of the DC motor to drive the wind generator to simulate the target power generation state, thereby realizing accurate simulation of the wind power generation process. Secondly, the target fault type and the target electrical circuit are determined in response to the fault simulation instruction, the electrical fault driving signal is generated and input to the target electrical circuit, the electrical connection state is changed, the corresponding abnormal electrical environment is constructed, and the target fault phenomenon is physically reproduced. The above scheme synchronously completes the power generation simulation and the wind power generation fault training, realizes the full-process closed loop of the fault training, effectively improves the training efficiency and the authenticity, and provides an efficient and reliable solution for wind power generation training teaching and skill examination.

[0006] Further, in the process of changing the speed of the DC motor based on the target wind speed instruction and the preset DC motor control algorithm to drive the wind generator to simulate the target power generation state, the DC motor control algorithm specifically includes: obtaining a target motor speed value based on the target wind speed instruction; obtaining an actual speed value of the wind generator; obtaining a speed deviation based on the target motor speed value and the actual speed value; generating an armature voltage instruction based on the speed deviation and a preset control algorithm; adjusting the armature voltage of the DC motor based on the armature voltage instruction, thereby changing the speed of the DC motor, so that the DC motor drives the wind generator to simulate the target power generation state.

[0007] In the above scheme, the DC motor control algorithm obtains the actual speed value of the wind generator, and calculates the speed deviation by operating the target motor speed value. Then, the armature voltage instruction is dynamically generated based on the preset DC motor control algorithm. The armature voltage of the DC motor is adjusted by the armature voltage instruction, the speed of the DC motor is accurately changed, the speed deviation of the DC motor is effectively avoided, the DC motor is stably driven to accurately simulate the target power generation state of the wind generator, the accurate simulation of the wind power generation process is realized, a high-fidelity power generation state simulation basis is provided for the wind power generation fault training, and the authenticity and reliability of the wind power generation training are improved.

[0008] It should be noted that the preset control algorithm is preferably a proportional-integral (PI) control algorithm, wherein the armature voltage instruction wherein is the speed deviation, is the proportional coefficient, is the integral coefficient.

[0009] Furthermore, the step of changing the speed of the DC motor based on the armature voltage command to enable the DC motor to drive the wind turbine to simulate the target power generation state includes: A pulse width modulation signal is generated based on the armature voltage command; The armature voltage of the DC motor is adjusted based on the pulse width modulation signal; The DC motor speed is modulated based on the armature voltage so that the DC motor drives the wind turbine to rotate at a corresponding speed, thereby enabling the wind turbine to simulate the target power generation state.

[0010] In the above scheme, a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal is generated based on the armature voltage command. This PWM signal enables precise adjustment of the DC motor armature voltage, and the control of the armature voltage allows for precise modulation of the DC motor speed, enabling the DC motor to drive the wind turbine to rotate at the corresponding speed. This scheme achieves precise and controllable adjustment of the DC motor speed, ensuring that the wind turbine can accurately simulate the target power generation state and accurately reproduce the power generation process under different wind conditions. It provides accurate and reliable technical support for the simulation of power generation states in wind power generation training, effectively improving the realism and accuracy of the training simulation.

[0011] Furthermore, the step of changing the speed of the DC motor based on the armature voltage command to enable the DC motor to drive the wind turbine to simulate the target power generation state also includes: Real-time acquisition of the output voltage fluctuation of the wind turbine; When the output voltage fluctuation exceeds a preset fluctuation threshold, the current rotational speed of the wind turbine is obtained; A voltage correction command is generated based on the current speed value and a preset control feedback algorithm. The speed of the DC motor is compensated and adjusted based on the voltage correction command so that the DC motor drives the wind turbine to stably simulate the target power generation state.

[0012] In the above scheme, the output voltage fluctuation of the wind turbine is acquired in real time. When the output voltage fluctuation exceeds the preset fluctuation threshold, its current speed value is obtained. A voltage correction command is generated based on the preset control feedback algorithm, and the speed of the DC motor is adjusted accordingly. This achieves targeted compensation for the speed of the DC motor, effectively suppresses the output voltage fluctuation of the wind turbine, ensures that the DC motor stably drives the wind turbine to simulate the target power generation state, improves the stability and accuracy of the power generation state simulation, ensures the continuous reliability of power generation simulation in wind power generation training, lays a stable power generation state foundation for wind power generation fault training, and further enhances the authenticity and effectiveness of the training.

[0013] It should be noted that the control feedback algorithm can adopt adaptive control or feedforward compensation algorithm to suppress speed disturbances caused by grid voltage fluctuations or load changes, and ensure the stability and continuous reliability of power generation state simulation.

[0014] Further, the step of determining the target fault type and target electrical circuit based on the fault simulation command in response to the fault simulation command includes: In response to a fault simulation command, the target fault type is determined to be at least one of the following based on the fault simulation command: battery pack wiring fault, system overvoltage fault, system undervoltage fault, charge / discharge controller charging fault, charge / discharge controller discharging fault, wind inverter body fault, or wind inverter wiring fault. In response to a fault simulation command, the target electrical circuit is determined to be at least one of the following: a wind turbine output circuit, a battery charging and discharging circuit, an inverter input and output circuit, or a grid connection circuit.

[0015] The above scheme precisely associates seven types of target faults with four types of target electrical circuits, enabling the simulation of various faults to accurately reproduce the abnormal electrical environment and fault phenomena of the corresponding electrical circuits in real wind power generation systems. This closely matches the electrical characteristics of actual faults, achieving precise matching between common fault types and core electrical circuits in wind power generation training. It covers multiple typical fault scenarios, allowing trainees to deeply understand the intrinsic relationship between target fault types and target electrical circuits. This effectively overcomes the problems of traditional training having a single fault type and being disconnected from the actual system, improving the diversity and physical realism of fault training scenarios. It provides comprehensive and reliable training support for wind power generation fault training and skills assessment.

[0016] Furthermore, when the target fault type is a system overvoltage fault, a system undervoltage fault, or a wind turbine inverter wiring fault, the target electrical circuit is determined to be a high-voltage electrical circuit. The step of inputting the electrical fault drive signal to the target electrical circuit, causing the switching devices in the target electrical circuit to operate based on the electrical fault drive signal, thereby changing the electrical connection state of the target electrical circuit to construct an abnormal electrical environment corresponding to the target fault type, includes: The electrical fault drive signal is input to the high-voltage electrical circuit so that the AC contactor in the target electrical circuit performs opening and closing actions based on the electrical fault drive signal, thereby changing the electrical connection state of the target electrical circuit to construct an abnormal electrical environment corresponding to the target fault type.

[0017] In the above scheme, for system overvoltage faults, system undervoltage faults, and wind turbine inverter wiring faults, the corresponding target electrical circuits are identified as high-voltage electrical circuits. An electrical fault drive signal is input to the high-voltage electrical circuit, driving the AC contactor in the circuit to perform opening and closing actions. This scheme can precisely change the electrical connection state of the high-voltage electrical circuit, accurately constructing an abnormal electrical environment matching the aforementioned target fault types. It physically reproduces the fault-corresponding state of the high-voltage electrical circuit, ensuring the physical realism of high-voltage fault simulation. Simultaneously, relying on AC contactors to achieve controllable simulation of high-voltage electrical circuit faults improves the safety and reliability of high-voltage fault training, providing precise and safe technical support for practical teaching of high-voltage circuit faults in wind power generation.

[0018] It should be noted that the AC contactor is suitable for high-current main circuits (such as the output side of inverters and grid-connected lines), with a rated current of tens to hundreds of amperes. It can withstand short-circuit impact current and simulate real high-voltage fault phenomena, such as electric arcs and impedance sudden changes, through physical switching.

[0019] Furthermore, when the target fault type is a battery pack wiring fault, a charge / discharge controller charging fault, or a discharging fault, the target electrical circuit is determined to be a low-voltage electrical circuit; the step of inputting the electrical fault drive signal to the target electrical circuit, so that the switching devices in the target electrical circuit operate based on the electrical fault drive signal, thereby changing the electrical connection state of the target electrical circuit to construct an abnormal electrical environment corresponding to the target fault type, includes: The electrical fault drive signal is input to the low-voltage electrical circuit so that the relay in the low-voltage electrical circuit performs opening and closing actions based on the electrical fault drive signal, thereby changing the electrical connection state of the target electrical circuit to construct an abnormal electrical environment corresponding to the target fault type.

[0020] In the above scheme, for battery pack wiring faults, charge / discharge controller charging faults, and charge / discharge controller discharging faults, the corresponding target electrical circuits are identified as low-voltage electrical circuits. An electrical fault drive signal is input to the low-voltage electrical circuit, driving the relays in the circuit to perform opening and closing actions. This scheme can precisely change the electrical connection state of the low-voltage electrical circuit, accurately constructing an abnormal electrical environment matching the aforementioned target fault types, and physically reproducing the fault-corresponding state of the low-voltage electrical circuit, ensuring the accuracy and relevance of low-voltage fault simulation. By relying on relays to achieve controllable simulation of low-voltage electrical circuit faults, it adapts to the fault simulation needs of low-voltage circuits, improves the accuracy and reliability of low-voltage fault training, and provides precise and efficient technical support for practical teaching of low-voltage circuit faults in wind power generation.

[0021] It should be noted that the relay is suitable for low-current control circuits (such as signal circuits and control command transmission circuits), with current typically ≤5A. It simulates weak current faults such as signal interruption and false triggering through contact micro-motion, and is suitable for frequent operation scenarios.

[0022] Furthermore, the method also includes a step for implementing a power supply and demand relationship training exercise, wherein the plurality of electrical circuits include a plurality of load branches, and the step for implementing a power supply and demand relationship training exercise includes: In response to a load adjustment command, determine the number of load branches based on the load adjustment command; A load supply and demand drive signal is generated based on the number of load branches; Based on the load supply and demand drive signal, generate several switch control signals corresponding to the number of load branches; Each of the aforementioned switch control signals is sent to the corresponding load branch to control the on / off state of the corresponding load branch, thereby constructing the target power supply and demand environment; Under the target power supply and demand environment, obtain the current power generation capacity and the current total load power; The current power supply and demand relationship is obtained based on the current power generation and the current total load power, so as to realize the practical training of power supply and demand relationship.

[0023] In the above scheme, the number of load branches is determined by responding to load adjustment commands, and corresponding load supply and demand drive signals and switch control signals are generated to precisely control the on / off state of each load branch, allowing for the flexible construction of different target power supply and demand environments. Under these target power supply and demand environments, the current power generation and total load power are obtained, and the current power supply and demand relationship is calculated, thus enabling practical training on power supply and demand relationships. This scheme can accurately simulate diverse power supply and demand scenarios, allowing trainees to intuitively perceive the matching relationship between power generation and load power. It transforms the abstract power supply and demand relationship into practical load adjustment operations, enhancing the practicality and intuitiveness of the training, enriching the power supply and demand training scenarios, and providing precise and flexible technical support for wind power generation power supply and demand-related practical training.

[0024] It should be noted that the load branch preferably adopts a standardized incandescent lamp configuration, with each branch having the same power and a fixed total power adjustment step size, which facilitates precise matching of power generation and enables a visual display of scenarios where "supply exceeds demand" or "demand exceeds supply".

[0025] Furthermore, for any load branch, which includes several incandescent lamps, the step of sending the switch control signals of each branch to the corresponding load branch to control the on / off state of the corresponding load branch, thereby constructing the target power supply and demand environment, includes: Each of the switch control signals is sent to the corresponding load branch to control the load switch in the corresponding load branch to perform closing or opening actions, thereby connecting or disconnecting several incandescent lamps on the corresponding load branch to construct the target power supply and demand environment.

[0026] In the above scheme, the switch control signal is sent to the corresponding load branch. By controlling the load switch to close or open, the incandescent lamps on the corresponding load branch are precisely connected or disconnected, thus flexibly constructing the target power supply and demand environment. The on / off status of the incandescent lamps can intuitively reflect the switching status of the load branch, allowing trainees to directly perceive the relationship between load changes and power supply and demand, greatly improving the intuitiveness of power supply and demand relationship training. By controlling the connection and disconnection of multiple groups of incandescent lamps, the load power can be adjusted in a stepped manner, accurately matching different power generation requirements, enriching the construction dimensions of the target power supply and demand environment, ensuring the accuracy and practicality of the training, and providing a simple, controllable, intuitive, and efficient implementation method for power supply and demand relationship training.

[0027] It should be noted that the incandescent lamp is preferably a commonly used household model (such as 220V / 40W), with a single power deviation controlled within ±1W. The power can be adjusted in stages (such as 40W, 80W, 120W, 160W) through a switch control, which is suitable for dynamic load simulation.

[0028] This invention also provides a wind power generation training system, applied to a small wind power generation training device, the small wind power generation training device including a DC motor and a wind turbine generator, the system comprising: The instruction acquisition module is used to acquire the target wind speed instruction; A wind power generation module is used to change the rotational speed of the DC motor based on the target wind speed command and a preset DC motor control algorithm, so that the DC motor drives the wind turbine to simulate the target power generation state. A fault command response module is used to respond to a fault simulation command, determine the target fault type and the target electrical circuit based on the fault simulation command, and generate an electrical fault drive signal based on the target fault type and the target electrical circuit. The fault training module is used to input the electrical fault driving signal to the target electrical circuit, so that the switching devices in the target electrical circuit can act based on the electrical fault driving signal, thereby changing the electrical connection state of the target electrical circuit to construct an abnormal electrical environment corresponding to the target fault type; under the abnormal electrical environment, the wind power generated by the wind turbine is input to the target electrical circuit, so that the target electrical circuit can simulate the target fault phenomenon, thereby realizing wind power generation fault training.

[0029] The above solution constructs an integrated and modular wind power generation training system, integrating four core modules: command acquisition, wind power generation, fault command response, and fault training. This achieves synergistic linkage between wind power generation simulation and fault training functions, enhancing the system's operability and integration. The command acquisition module accurately acquires the target wind speed command, and the wind power generation module adjusts the DC motor speed accordingly, driving the wind turbine to accurately simulate the target power generation state. The fault command response module determines the target fault type and electrical circuit and generates a drive signal. The fault training module drives switching devices to construct an abnormal electrical environment, reproducing the fault phenomenon to achieve training. The efficient collaboration of these modules achieves a closed-loop process for power generation simulation and fault training, ensuring the accuracy and physical realism of the training, and providing reliable integrated training system support for wind power generation training and skills assessment. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a wind power generation training method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fault setting principle of a wind power generation training method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the user load in a wind power generation training method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a wind power generation training system architecture provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Please see Figure 1 This embodiment provides a wind power generation training method, applied to a small-scale wind power generation training device. The small-scale wind power generation training device includes a DC motor, a wind turbine generator, and several electrical circuits. The method includes the following steps: Step S1: Obtain the target wind speed command; Step S2: Based on the target wind speed command and the preset DC motor control algorithm, change the rotational speed of the DC motor so that the DC motor drives the wind turbine to simulate the target power generation state; Step S3: In response to the fault simulation command, determine the target fault type and the target electrical circuit based on the fault simulation command; Step S4: Generate an electrical fault drive signal based on the target fault type and the target electrical circuit; Step S5: Input the electrical fault drive signal to the target electrical circuit so that the switching devices in the target electrical circuit can operate based on the electrical fault drive signal, thereby changing the electrical connection state of the target electrical circuit to construct an abnormal electrical environment corresponding to the target fault type; Step S6: Under the abnormal electrical environment, the wind power generated by the wind turbine is input into the target electrical circuit so that the target electrical circuit simulates the target fault phenomenon, thereby realizing wind power generation fault training.

[0033] In this embodiment, the DC motor speed is first precisely adjusted based on the target wind speed command and control algorithm to drive the wind turbine to simulate the target power generation state, achieving accurate simulation of the wind power generation process. Secondly, in response to the fault simulation command, the target fault type and target electrical circuit are determined, and an electrical fault drive signal is generated and input to the target electrical circuit to change its electrical connection state, construct the corresponding abnormal electrical environment, and physically reproduce the target fault phenomenon. This embodiment simultaneously completes power generation simulation and wind power fault training, achieving a closed-loop fault training process, effectively improving training efficiency and realism, and providing an efficient and reliable solution for wind power training and skills assessment.

[0034] In one embodiment, a wind power generation training method is provided, applied to a small-scale wind power generation training device, specifically including the following steps: The system acquires the target wind speed command and drives the wind turbine to simulate the target power generation state based on the command. The main controller of the training device receives the target wind speed command (e.g., commands corresponding to light wind, strong wind, or sudden wind change). The main controller then generates a corresponding control signal (e.g., a PWM signal) based on a preset DC motor control algorithm (e.g., a PID algorithm). This signal is processed by the power drive module to adjust the voltage or current input to the DC motor, thereby precisely controlling the DC motor's speed. The DC motor directly drives the mechanically connected wind turbine to rotate, ensuring its output voltage, current, and frequency characteristics match the target wind speed, thus completing the dynamic simulation of the power generation process.

[0035] In response to fault simulation commands, the fault simulation control unit determines the target fault type and the target electrical circuit. When fault diagnosis training is required, the fault simulation control unit receives fault simulation commands from the human-machine interface or a preset program. The fault simulation control unit parses the commands to determine the specific fault type to be simulated (such as line open circuit, short circuit, ground fault, phase sequence error, etc.) and the specific electrical circuit in which the fault occurs (i.e., the target electrical circuit).

[0036] An electrical fault drive signal is generated and injected into the target electrical circuit to construct an abnormal electrical environment. The fault simulation control unit generates a specific set of electrical fault drive signals corresponding to the fault logic, based on the determined target fault type. Subsequently, the electrical fault drive signal is sent to a pre-positioned controlled switching device in the target electrical circuit. The switching device performs actions (such as abnormal disconnection, closure, or switching of connection points) according to the drive signal, thereby physically changing the topology and electrical connection state of the circuit, actively constructing an abnormal electrical environment strictly corresponding to the target fault type.

[0037] This training program simulates power generation faults under abnormal electrical conditions. After the target electrical circuit's connection status is changed to an abnormal mode, the actual electrical energy generated by the continuous operation of the wind turbine is input into the circuit. Because the circuit is in a preset abnormal state, the flow of electrical energy will inevitably trigger physical phenomena characteristic of the fault, such as voltage instability, abnormal current increases, circuit breaker tripping, indicator light malfunctions, or measuring instruments displaying specific erroneous data. In this real-world, electrically driven abnormal environment, trainees can observe fault phenomena, use instruments for detection, analyze the causes of faults, and execute prescribed troubleshooting and repair procedures, thus achieving highly realistic wind power generation fault training.

[0038] Furthermore, the step of changing the rotational speed of the DC motor based on the target wind speed command and a preset DC motor control algorithm, so that the DC motor drives the wind turbine to simulate the target power generation state, specifically involves the following DC motor control algorithm: The target motor speed value is obtained based on the target wind speed command; Obtain the actual rotational speed of the wind turbine; The speed deviation is obtained based on the target motor speed value and the actual speed value; Based on the speed deviation and the preset control algorithm, an armature voltage command is generated; The armature voltage of the DC motor is adjusted based on the armature voltage command, thereby changing the speed of the DC motor so that the DC motor drives the wind turbine to simulate the target power generation state.

[0039] In this embodiment, the DC motor control algorithm obtains the actual rotational speed of the wind turbine generator and calculates the speed deviation by comparing it with the target motor rotational speed. Then, it dynamically generates armature voltage commands based on a preset DC motor control algorithm. By adjusting the armature voltage of the DC motor using these commands, the rotational speed of the DC motor is precisely changed, effectively preventing speed deviations and ensuring stable driving of the wind turbine generator to accurately simulate the target power generation state. This achieves precise simulation of the wind power generation process, providing a high-fidelity simulation basis for wind power generation fault training and improving the realism and reliability of wind power generation training.

[0040] Furthermore, the step of changing the speed of the DC motor based on the armature voltage command to enable the DC motor to drive the wind turbine to simulate the target power generation state includes: A pulse width modulation signal is generated based on the armature voltage command; The armature voltage of the DC motor is adjusted based on the pulse width modulation signal; The DC motor speed is modulated based on the armature voltage so that the DC motor drives the wind turbine to rotate at a corresponding speed, thereby enabling the wind turbine to simulate the target power generation state.

[0041] In this embodiment, a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal is generated based on the armature voltage command. This PWM signal enables precise adjustment of the DC motor armature voltage, and the control of the armature voltage allows for precise modulation of the DC motor speed, enabling the DC motor to drive the wind turbine to rotate at the corresponding speed. This embodiment achieves precise and controllable adjustment of the DC motor speed, ensuring that the wind turbine can accurately simulate the target power generation state and accurately reproduce the power generation process under different wind conditions. This provides accurate and reliable technical support for the simulation of power generation states in wind power generation training, effectively improving the realism and accuracy of the training simulation.

[0042] In one embodiment, a wind power generation training method is provided. First, a target wind speed command is received through an external control signal input module, and the target wind speed command is converted into a corresponding target motor speed value. The target rotational speed value is transmitted to the main controller module via a digital communication interface.

[0043] It should be noted that, in order to achieve high anti-interference capability and command accuracy, the main controller module in this embodiment is preferably connected to the external signal source through an RS485 bus interface, and the Modbus communication protocol is used to transmit parameters such as target speed and adjustment accuracy, thereby avoiding the problem of being easily affected by noise in traditional analog signal transmission.

[0044] The main controller module acquires the target speed value. Then, the actual speed value of the DC motor or wind turbine is collected synchronously through the speed feedback module. Subsequently, the main controller calculates the speed deviation. ( Based on this deviation value, the preset DC motor control algorithm is invoked to dynamically generate armature voltage commands. .

[0045] It should be noted that the control algorithm is preferably a proportional-integral (PI) control algorithm, and its operational relationship can be expressed as follows: ,in This is a proportional coefficient used for rapid response to changes in rotational speed. These are integral coefficients used to eliminate steady-state errors.

[0046] After generating the armature voltage command U_ref, the main controller sends it to the power drive module for execution. In this embodiment, the core function of the power drive module is to convert the weak control signal into a high-power electrical signal sufficient to drive the DC motor. Specifically, the output pin of the main controller is directly connected to the input terminal of the drive chip in the power drive module, and controls the switching devices (such as MOSFETs or IGBTs) to turn on and off by generating a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal. It should be noted that by adjusting the duty cycle D of the PWM signal... ,in (This refers to the DC bus voltage). The power drive module can linearly and precisely adjust the average voltage output to the DC motor armature. This allows for stepless speed regulation.

[0047] Ultimately, the DC motor at the armature voltage Driven by its electromechanical characteristics, Adjusting its own rotational speed n, it directly drives the wind turbine to rotate synchronously through a mechanical connection. The electromechanical characteristic relationship mentioned above... Armature voltage, For armature resistance, The electromotive force constant is . The magnetic flux per pole of the motor is represented by [value]. The rotor speed of the wind turbine is precisely controlled, enabling its output voltage, current, and frequency characteristics to strictly correspond to the target wind speed, successfully simulating the entire power generation scenario from light wind to strong wind and even sudden wind changes. This provides a high-fidelity simulation foundation for subsequently injecting and reproducing various electrical faults on the basis of real generated electrical energy, completing highly realistic wind power generation fault simulation and training.

[0048] Furthermore, the step of changing the speed of the DC motor based on the armature voltage command to enable the DC motor to drive the wind turbine to simulate the target power generation state also includes: Real-time acquisition of the output voltage fluctuation of the wind turbine; When the output voltage fluctuation exceeds a preset fluctuation threshold, the current rotational speed of the wind turbine is obtained; A voltage correction command is generated based on the current speed value and a preset control feedback algorithm. The speed of the DC motor is compensated and adjusted based on the voltage correction command so that the DC motor drives the wind turbine to stably simulate the target power generation state.

[0049] In this embodiment, by acquiring the output voltage fluctuation of the wind turbine in real time, when the output voltage fluctuation exceeds a preset fluctuation threshold, its current speed value is acquired, and a voltage correction command is generated based on a preset control feedback algorithm. Accordingly, the speed of the DC motor is compensated and adjusted, thereby achieving targeted compensation for the speed of the DC motor, effectively suppressing the output voltage fluctuation of the wind turbine, ensuring that the DC motor stably drives the wind turbine to simulate the target power generation state, improving the stability and accuracy of the power generation state simulation, ensuring the continuous reliability of power generation simulation in wind power generation training, laying a stable power generation state foundation for wind power generation fault training, and further improving the authenticity and effectiveness of the training.

[0050] In one embodiment, a wind power generation training method is provided. Based on simulating the target power generation state by precisely driving a wind turbine with a DC motor, this embodiment further includes a monitoring and dynamic compensation mechanism for generator output voltage fluctuations to ensure the continuous stability of the power generation state simulation during the training process.

[0051] This embodiment utilizes a controller to achieve power conversion and stabilization. The controller is connected to the output side of the wind turbine, while a set of DC resistive loads are connected to its DC output side. The electrical energy generated by the wind turbine is converted by the controller and ultimately converted into heat energy consumption on the DC resistor, thereby maintaining the system's power balance. The controller is built based on power electronic conversion technology, and its internal circuitry includes a rectifier circuit, a filter circuit, and a voltage regulation control circuit. The rectifier circuit first converts the unstable AC power output from the wind turbine into DC power; the filter circuit is responsible for filtering out the AC ripple components in the DC power, making the voltage waveform more stable; the voltage regulation control circuit constitutes the core control unit, achieving precise adjustment of the output voltage through closed-loop control logic.

[0052] Specifically, during the training process, the controller samples the output voltage of the wind turbine in real time. When the output voltage fluctuation is detected to be greater than a preset fluctuation threshold, the controller not only activates its internal voltage regulation program but also acquires the current speed of the wind turbine and generates a voltage correction command based on this current value and a preset control feedback algorithm (such as an incremental PI algorithm). This command is essentially a compensation signal for the DC motor drive system.

[0053] It should be noted that the controller's voltage regulation circuit follows a closed-loop workflow: voltage sampling, error calculation, algorithm adjustment, and finally, power device operation. Its power switching devices (such as thyristors or IGBTs) adopt different operating strategies based on the control algorithm's output: thyristors adjust their conduction angle to change the average output voltage; while IGBTs achieve the same purpose by adjusting the duty cycle of the received PWM signal. Compared to traditional controllers using analog circuits, the digital control implemented in this embodiment, based on a digital processor (such as a DSP or MCU), significantly improves steady-state accuracy (controllable within ±1%), dynamic response speed (down to millisecond levels), and output ripple suppression (below 0.5%), making it particularly suitable for simulation scenarios such as wind turbines where the driving voltage fluctuates greatly and output stability is critical.

[0054] The voltage correction command is fed back to the DC motor's drive control system. The DC motor's power drive module receives this compensation signal and accordingly fine-tunes the voltage output to the DC motor armature, thereby rapidly compensating for the DC motor's speed. This adjustment is transmitted to the wind turbine, causing a corresponding change in its speed, which in turn actively cancels or suppresses abnormal fluctuations in the output voltage, bringing it back to a stable state.

[0055] It should be noted that, to ensure simplicity and training safety, the DC output side of the controller described in this embodiment is designed not to be directly connected to the inverter, but to be connected to a resistive load. This avoids introducing complex grid-connected or AC load simulation links, and focuses on the realization of basic power generation and fault training functions.

[0056] Further, the step of determining the target fault type and target electrical circuit based on the fault simulation command in response to the fault simulation command includes: In response to a fault simulation command, the target fault type is determined to be at least one of the following based on the fault simulation command: battery pack wiring fault, system overvoltage fault, system undervoltage fault, charge / discharge controller charging fault, charge / discharge controller discharging fault, wind inverter body fault, or wind inverter wiring fault. In response to a fault simulation command, the target electrical circuit is determined to be at least one of the following: a wind turbine output circuit, a battery charging and discharging circuit, an inverter input and output circuit, or a grid connection circuit.

[0057] In this embodiment, seven target fault types are precisely associated with four target electrical circuits, enabling the simulation of various faults to accurately reproduce the abnormal electrical environment and fault phenomena of the corresponding electrical circuits in the real wind power generation system. This closely matches the electrical characteristics of actual faults, thereby achieving precise matching between common fault types and core electrical circuits in wind power generation training. It covers multiple typical fault scenarios, allowing trainees to deeply understand the intrinsic relationship between target fault types and target electrical circuits. This effectively overcomes the problems of traditional training having a single fault type and being disconnected from the actual system, improving the diversity and physical realism of fault training scenarios. It provides comprehensive and reliable training support for wind power generation fault training and skills assessment.

[0058] In one embodiment, a wind power generation training method is provided. This embodiment achieves highly realistic fault construction by accurately mapping predefined typical fault types to physical electrical circuits within the training device and by deeply controlling the working principles of core components in each circuit.

[0059] In response to the fault simulation command, this embodiment first determines the target fault type and target electrical circuit based on the command code. The target fault types include, but are not limited to: charging / discharging controller charging fault, charging / discharging controller discharging fault, wind turbine inverter body fault, wind turbine inverter wiring fault, system overvoltage or undervoltage fault, etc. The target electrical circuit corresponds to the actual physical circuit, mainly including: wind turbine generator output circuit, battery charging / discharging circuit, and inverter input / output circuit. This embodiment ensures the electrical consistency and physical relevance between the fault simulation and the actual wind power generation system fault scenarios by mapping specific fault types to specific electrical circuits.

[0060] To achieve the physical reproduction of the above-mentioned faults, this embodiment relies on the precise control and status intervention of the core functional components in the electrical circuit, including the charger, the battery, and the grid-connected inverter.

[0061] Taking the simulation of a "charge controller charging failure" or a "system overvoltage / undervoltage failure" as an example, this embodiment operates on the battery charging and discharging circuit. The charger in the battery charging and discharging circuit converts external AC power or wind turbine power (after rectification) into controllable DC power to charge the battery. Internally, it includes transformer, rectifier, and charging control circuits. When a charging abnormality needs to be simulated, the logic of the charging control circuit is intervened through the drive signal generated by the fault simulation command.

[0062] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the charging control circuit typically adjusts the charging strategy (such as constant current, constant voltage, and float charging stages) in real time based on the battery's voltage, current, temperature, and other state parameters. By artificially modifying the sampled value of the fault drive signal or locking its output state, fault phenomena such as the charger failing to start, abnormal charging current, and overcharge protection failure can be simulated.

[0063] The battery, as an energy storage unit, is charged and discharged based on an electrochemical reaction. In simulating a "charge and discharge controller discharge failure" or verifying behavior under abnormal voltage, this embodiment can actively construct an overcharged or over-discharged state of the battery by controlling the electronic load connected to the battery circuit or changing the output of the charger, thereby actually generating a fault phenomenon of system voltage exceeding the limit (overvoltage or undervoltage) in the circuit.

[0064] For more complex simulations of "wind inverter body faults" or "wind inverter wiring faults," this embodiment focuses on the inverter's input and output circuits. The grid-connected inverter is responsible for converting the DC power from the battery into AC power that is in phase and frequency with the power grid. Its core lies in precise control based on power electronic conversion.

[0065] It should be noted that to achieve high-quality power conversion and grid connection, the inverter employs a variety of advanced control algorithms. These include: PID control algorithms for rapid output adjustment to track commands and eliminate steady-state error; SVPWM (Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation) algorithms for optimizing switching modes to improve DC voltage utilization and reduce output harmonics; Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithms for dynamic optimization across multiple control objectives; and adaptive control algorithms to handle external disturbances and internal parameter changes. When a fault in the inverter's control logic is simulated, a fault-driven signal is injected to interfere with the normal execution of these control algorithms. This can involve intentionally introducing PID parameter misalignment, SVPWM vector synthesis errors, or inaccurate prediction models in the simulated MPC, thereby generating waveform distortion, frequency drift, and grid connection failure in the output circuit. For wiring faults, the operation of preset switching devices in the control circuit directly simulates physical connection anomalies such as input-side open circuit, output-side short circuit, or phase sequence errors.

[0066] In another embodiment, a wind power generation training method is provided. In response to a fault simulation command, the method first determines the target fault type and its corresponding target electrical circuit based on the command code, and then physically changes its connection state by controlling the action of preset switching devices in the target electrical circuit, thereby constructing an abnormal environment that matches the electrical characteristics of a real fault.

[0067] Specifically, the fault simulation command can specify multiple target fault types, including but not limited to battery pack wiring faults, system overvoltage faults, system undervoltage faults, charge / discharge controller charging faults, charge / discharge controller discharging faults, wind turbine inverter body faults, and wind turbine inverter wiring faults. The target electrical circuits correspond to the core electrical links actually constructed in the training device, such as the wind turbine generator output circuit, battery charging / discharging circuit, and inverter input / output circuit. By accurately mapping seven typical fault types to specific physical circuits, the relevance and realism of the fault simulation are ensured.

[0068] To illustrate this clearly, the following explanation uses a specific fault example to explain the implementation process: Please see Figure 2 When the target fault type is determined to be a battery pack wiring fault (Y1), the target electrical circuit is the battery charging and discharging circuit, and Y1 is located on the connection line between the negative terminal of the battery and the DC side circuit breaker (QF7). In this embodiment, the connection is physically opened by the action of an actuator (such as a controlled relay). The effect is that the wind power generation simulation system continues to operate normally and generate electricity, but because the battery energy storage circuit is cut off, electrical energy cannot be stored in the battery, thus simulating the fault phenomenon of energy storage function failure.

[0069] When the target fault type is a system overvoltage fault (Y2) or a system undervoltage fault (Y3), the target electrical circuit mainly involves the AC circuit from the inverter output to the grid. Y2 and Y3 are set on the phase line (L) of the grid-side circuit breaker. In this embodiment, the phase line (L) of the inverter's AC output side after passing through the grid-connected control unit, power generation metering, and power consumption metering is opened by controlling the corresponding switch.

[0070] It should be noted that this operation simulates a protective condition triggered by an abnormal increase (overvoltage) or decrease (undervoltage) in the DC bus voltage. In a real system, overvoltage or undervoltage will activate the inverter's built-in protection logic (such as islanding protection), causing it to stop outputting. This embodiment physically replicates the system state after this protection action by directly disconnecting the output; that is, the wind turbine-side power generation simulation is still running, but the inverter has no AC output to the grid and user loads.

[0071] When the target fault type is a charging controller charging fault (Y4), the target electrical circuit is also the battery charging and discharging circuit. Y4 is located on the line from the charging output terminal of the charging and discharging controller (from the charger to the negative terminal of the battery pack). In this embodiment, the charging circuit is opened by disconnecting this line. At this time, the wind power generation simulation system is running, the inverter can work normally, but the charger cannot charge the battery and can only supply energy through the battery discharging, simulating the scenario of charging function failure alone.

[0072] When the target fault type is a charge / discharge controller discharge fault (Y5), Y5 is located on the connection line from the negative terminal of the battery pack to the DC side circuit breaker (QF7). Its implementation is similar to that of the Y1 fault, also opening this section of the line. However, in this case, the system focuses on demonstrating a failure of the discharge function. The effect is that the wind power generation simulation and charging process are normal, but the battery cannot discharge to the inverter. The inverter stops working due to the loss of DC input, simulating a "can charge but cannot discharge" fault in the energy storage unit.

[0073] When the target fault type is a wind turbine inverter body fault (Y6), the target electrical circuit covers both the inverter's DC input and AC output circuits. Y6 is located on the DC input side (between QF7 and the inverter's DC input terminal) and the AC output side (inverter AC output L and N lines) of the grid-connected inverter. In this embodiment, by controlling the relevant switches, both the inverter's DC input and AC output sides are simultaneously placed in an open-circuit state. This operation simulates a situation where a serious fault occurs inside the inverter (such as power module breakdown, loss of control power, etc.), causing the equipment to completely disconnect from the system. This manifests as the entire wind power generation and inverter output process ceasing, making it impossible to supply power to the grid and user loads.

[0074] When the target fault type is a wind turbine inverter wiring fault (Y7), the target electrical circuit is the inverter output circuit, and Y7 is located on the AC output phase line (L) of the grid-connected inverter. This embodiment simulates a physical fault such as a disconnected or poorly connected output cable by opening this phase line (L). The effect is that the wind power generation simulation operates normally, but due to the interruption of the output line, the inverter output cannot be transmitted to the grid and user load via the grid-connected control unit, power generation metering, and other modules, resulting in the inverter's inability to function.

[0075] It should be noted that the triggering and control of the above-mentioned faults can be operated through the host computer software interface. The software sends specific instructions to the underlying network relay control board, driving the relays in the corresponding fault point (Y1-Y7) circuit to perform the preset "open circuit" operation to change the electrical connection state. At the same time, the corresponding indicator light on the control board will light up, providing intuitive feedback on the fault setting status.

[0076] It needs to be further explained that, Figure 2This diagram illustrates the fault setting principle of a wind power generation training method provided in this embodiment. It includes modules such as a wind turbine, controller, battery, DC-side circuit breaker (QF7), grid-connected inverter, grid-connected control unit, power generation metering, power consumption metering, load control, user load, grid-side circuit breaker, and power grid. These modules are connected via phase lines (L) and neutral lines (N) to form the main training circuit. The fault setting adopts a hierarchical hardware architecture of relays and AC contactors, where relays are connected to the low-current control circuit and AC contactors are connected to the high-current main circuit. Seven fault setting points, Y1-Y7, are marked in the diagram, corresponding to battery pack wiring faults, system overvoltage faults, system undervoltage faults, charge / discharge controller charging faults, charge / discharge controller discharging faults, wind turbine inverter body faults, and wind turbine inverter wiring faults, respectively.

[0077] Furthermore, when the target fault type is a system overvoltage fault, a system undervoltage fault, or a wind turbine inverter wiring fault, the target electrical circuit is determined to be a high-voltage electrical circuit. The step of inputting the electrical fault drive signal to the target electrical circuit, causing the switching devices in the target electrical circuit to operate based on the electrical fault drive signal, thereby changing the electrical connection state of the target electrical circuit to construct an abnormal electrical environment corresponding to the target fault type, includes: The electrical fault drive signal is input to the high-voltage electrical circuit so that the AC contactor in the target electrical circuit performs opening and closing actions based on the electrical fault drive signal, thereby changing the electrical connection state of the target electrical circuit to construct an abnormal electrical environment corresponding to the target fault type.

[0078] In this embodiment, for system overvoltage faults, system undervoltage faults, and wind turbine inverter wiring faults, the corresponding target electrical circuits are identified as high-voltage electrical circuits. An electrical fault drive signal is input to the high-voltage electrical circuit, driving the AC contactor in the circuit to perform opening and closing actions. This embodiment can precisely change the electrical connection state of the high-voltage electrical circuit, accurately constructing an abnormal electrical environment matching the aforementioned target fault types. It physically reproduces the fault-corresponding state of the high-voltage electrical circuit, ensuring the physical realism of high-voltage fault simulation. Simultaneously, relying on AC contactors, it achieves controllable simulation of high-voltage electrical circuit faults, improving the safety and reliability of high-voltage fault training and providing precise and safe technical support for practical teaching of high-voltage circuit faults in wind power generation.

[0079] Furthermore, when the target fault type is a battery pack wiring fault, a charge / discharge controller charging fault, or a discharging fault, the target electrical circuit is determined to be a low-voltage electrical circuit; the step of inputting the electrical fault drive signal to the target electrical circuit, so that the switching devices in the target electrical circuit operate based on the electrical fault drive signal, thereby changing the electrical connection state of the target electrical circuit to construct an abnormal electrical environment corresponding to the target fault type, includes: The electrical fault drive signal is input to the low-voltage electrical circuit so that the relay in the low-voltage electrical circuit performs opening and closing actions based on the electrical fault drive signal, thereby changing the electrical connection state of the target electrical circuit to construct an abnormal electrical environment corresponding to the target fault type.

[0080] In this embodiment, for battery pack wiring faults, charge / discharge controller charging faults, and charge / discharge controller discharging faults, the corresponding target electrical circuits are identified as low-voltage electrical circuits. An electrical fault drive signal is input to the low-voltage electrical circuit, driving the relays in the circuit to perform opening and closing actions. This embodiment can precisely change the electrical connection state of the low-voltage electrical circuit, accurately constructing an abnormal electrical environment matching the aforementioned target fault types, and physically reproducing the fault-corresponding state of the low-voltage electrical circuit, ensuring the accuracy and fit of low-voltage fault simulation. By relying on relays to achieve controllable simulation of low-voltage electrical circuit faults, it adapts to the fault simulation needs of low-voltage circuits, improves the accuracy and reliability of low-voltage fault training, and provides precise and efficient technical support for practical teaching of low-voltage circuit faults in wind power generation.

[0081] In one embodiment, a wind power generation training method is provided, which implements a specific implementation method for physical fault injection based on a hardware execution layer. This embodiment adopts a hierarchical and coordinated hardware action strategy for fault types with different electrical characteristics, directly changing the physical connection state of the target electrical circuit to faithfully reproduce the measured fault phenomena.

[0082] In this embodiment, after responding to the fault simulation command and determining the target fault type and target electrical circuit, it further classifies the circuit into high-voltage electrical circuits and low-voltage electrical circuits according to the voltage and current levels of the circuit, and uses different switching devices to perform fault construction actions.

[0083] When the target fault type is a system overvoltage fault, a system undervoltage fault, or a wind turbine inverter wiring fault, the corresponding target electrical circuit (such as the inverter output circuit or the grid connection circuit) is identified as a high-voltage electrical circuit. For fault simulation of such circuits, this embodiment inputs a generated electrical fault drive signal into the circuit, driving a preset AC contactor (such as AC380V / 100A specification) in the circuit to perform an opening or closing action. For example, when simulating a system overvoltage or system undervoltage fault, the fault drive signal ultimately controls the AC contactor coil connected to the main circuit on the inverter output side to be de-energized, causing its main contacts to physically disconnect, thereby realizing the abnormal electrical environment of "inverter output side L open circuit", accurately reproducing the fault state of output interruption caused by abnormal voltage.

[0084] When the target fault type is a battery pack wiring fault, a charge / discharge controller charging fault, or a discharging fault, the corresponding target electrical circuit (such as a battery charging / discharging circuit or a control signal circuit) is identified as a low-voltage electrical circuit. For such circuits, this embodiment inputs an electrical fault drive signal to the circuit, driving a preset relay (such as a DC24V miniature electromagnetic relay) in the circuit to perform an action. For example, when simulating a battery pack wiring fault, by controlling the relay connected in series in the circuit from the negative terminal of the battery pack to the downstream circuit breaker, the normally closed contact is opened, thereby physically creating an open circuit state at the connection point.

[0085] It should be noted that both relays and AC contactors operate on the principle of electromagnetic induction, driving contact action by controlling the energization and de-energization of a control coil. However, their application scenarios are fundamentally different. Relays have low rated contact current (typically ≤5A) and fast response speed, making them suitable for low-voltage control and signal circuits with frequent operations, used to simulate faults such as "signal interruption" and "command error." AC contactors, on the other hand, have high rated main contact current (up to tens to hundreds of amperes), arc resistance, and are specifically designed for switching high-current main power circuits, used to simulate high-voltage faults such as "main circuit open circuit" and "short circuit." This embodiment matches the corresponding device according to the nature of the fault, achieving precise and reliable physical-level fault injection.

[0086] In addition, this embodiment uses a collaborative control module to uniformly manage the operating logic and timing of relays and contactors in order to reproduce complex cascading faults.

[0087] It should be noted that the aforementioned coordinated control is manifested in the following ways: For example, in order to simulate a chain scenario where the main circuit is accidentally disconnected due to a control signal failure, the control logic will first drive the relay to cut off a certain control signal (simulating a signal failure), and then delay to trigger the AC contactor coil to de-energize and disconnect its main contacts (simulating the main circuit response), thereby reproducing the transmission and amplification process of the fault in the real system in terms of timing and logic, rather than the independent action of a single device.

[0088] To illustrate this in detail, the following explanation uses the simulation process of seven typical faults (Y1-Y7) as an example: Y1 (battery pack wiring fault), Y4 (charging fault), Y5 (discharging fault): These are mainly achieved by controlling the operation of relays in the battery charging and discharging circuit to physically open the corresponding connection points.

[0089] Y2 (System Overvoltage), Y3 (System Undervoltage), and Y7 (Inverter Wiring Fault): These faults primarily achieve physical disconnection of the output line by controlling the operation of the AC contactor in the main circuit of the inverter output side. The triggering logic can be designed so that the contactor is driven to operate only after the voltage detection circuit detects a simulated voltage over-limit signal.

[0090] Y6 (Wind Inverter Body Fault): It is necessary to simultaneously control the switching devices on the DC input side (which may involve relays) and AC output side (which involve AC contactors) of the inverter to simulate the state where the equipment is completely disconnected from the system.

[0091] All fault triggers can be set via command-line interface on the host computer. After the command is issued, the underlying control board drives the coil of the corresponding relay or contactor to switch on and off, accompanied by status feedback from indicator lights (Y1-Y7 lights), forming a complete closed loop from software command to hardware action and then to status visibility.

[0092] Furthermore, this embodiment also provides a wind power generation training method that includes a step of implementing a power supply and demand relationship training step. The plurality of electrical circuits include a plurality of load branches, and the step of implementing a power supply and demand relationship training step includes: In response to a load adjustment command, determine the number of load branches based on the load adjustment command; A load supply and demand drive signal is generated based on the number of load branches; Based on the load supply and demand drive signal, generate several switch control signals corresponding to the number of load branches; Each of the aforementioned switch control signals is sent to the corresponding load branch to control the on / off state of the corresponding load branch, thereby constructing the target power supply and demand environment; Under the target power supply and demand environment, obtain the current power generation capacity and the current total load power; The current power supply and demand relationship is obtained based on the current power generation and the current total load power, so as to realize the practical training of power supply and demand relationship.

[0093] In this embodiment, the number of load branches is determined by responding to load adjustment commands, generating corresponding load supply and demand drive signals and switch control signals to precisely control the on / off state of each load branch, allowing for the flexible construction of different target power supply and demand environments. Under these target power supply and demand environments, the current power generation and total load power are obtained, and the current power supply and demand relationship is calculated, thus enabling practical training on power supply and demand relationships. This scheme can accurately simulate diverse power supply and demand scenarios, allowing trainees to intuitively perceive the matching relationship between power generation and load power. It transforms the abstract power supply and demand relationship into practical load adjustment operations, enhancing the practicality and intuitiveness of the training, enriching the power supply and demand training scenarios, and providing precise and flexible technical support for wind power generation power supply and demand-related practical training.

[0094] Furthermore, for any load branch, which includes several incandescent lamps, the step of sending the switch control signals of each branch to the corresponding load branch to control the on / off state of the corresponding load branch, thereby constructing the target power supply and demand environment, includes: Each of the switch control signals is sent to the corresponding load branch to control the load switch in the corresponding load branch to perform closing or opening actions, thereby connecting or disconnecting several incandescent lamps on the corresponding load branch to construct the target power supply and demand environment.

[0095] In this embodiment, a switch control signal is sent to the corresponding load branch. By controlling the load switch to close or open, the incandescent lamps on the corresponding load branch are precisely connected or disconnected, thereby flexibly constructing the target power supply and demand environment. The on / off status of the incandescent lamps can intuitively reflect the switching status of the load branch, allowing trainees to directly perceive the relationship between load changes and power supply and demand, greatly improving the intuitiveness of power supply and demand relationship training. By controlling the connection and disconnection of multiple groups of incandescent lamps, the load power can be adjusted in a stepped manner, accurately matching different power generation requirements, enriching the construction dimensions of the target power supply and demand environment, ensuring the accuracy and practicality of the training, and providing a simple, controllable, intuitive, and efficient implementation method for power supply and demand relationship training.

[0096] In one embodiment, a specific implementation method for wind power generation training is provided. This embodiment, based on power generation state simulation and fault training, further includes a step of training on the relationship between power supply and demand. By constructing a flexibly adjustable load environment, this embodiment enables trainees to intuitively perceive and operate the matching process between power generation and load demand, thereby deepening their understanding of the operating principles of wind power generation systems.

[0097] The specific steps for implementing the power supply and demand relationship training include: responding to load adjustment commands, determining the number of load branches to be put into operation; generating load supply and demand drive signals and corresponding multi-channel switch control signals based on the number; sending each switch control signal to the corresponding load branch to control its on / off state, thereby constructing the required target power supply and demand environment; in this environment, acquiring the current power generation and current total load power of the system in real time; and obtaining the current power supply and demand relationship by comparing and analyzing the two, thereby completing the relevant cognitive and operational training.

[0098] Please see Figure 3 To implement the above steps, this embodiment uses a set of standardized incandescent lamps as load units. In one specific implementation, the training device is configured with four load branches, each connected to a 25W (220V) incandescent lamp. All incandescent lamps are of the same model and specification to ensure minimal deviation in the power of a single load, achieving a precise linear relationship between the total load power and the number of lamps connected (e.g., 1 lamp corresponds to 25W, 4 lamps correspond to 100W). Each load branch is controlled by an independent load switch (e.g., a miniature circuit breaker), and the entire load circuit is connected to the electricity meter via air switch 3. Air switches 1, 2, and 3 act as circuit protection devices to prevent overload and short-circuit faults in the load branches.

[0099] First, the wind power generation simulation system is started. The DC motor is adjusted to bring the wind turbine to the target speed, and the inverter generates stable AC power. At this point, a specific current power generation (e.g., 80W) can be measured. Subsequently, load regulation is performed to construct different supply and demand scenarios. The electrical energy is input from phase A, and after passing through air switch 1, it is split into two paths. One path is connected to air switch 2 for standby, and the other path is connected to the electricity meter. Then, it is distributed to the four load branches through air switch 3, and finally returns through phase N.

[0100] It should be noted that the total load power range (0-100W) in this embodiment has been adapted to the simulated power generation range of the wind power system to ensure coverage of the two core scenarios of "supply exceeding demand" and "demand exceeding supply". Power regulation is achieved by controlling the number of incandescent lamps (load indicator lights 1 to 4) through switches 1 to 4, which features a stepped, visual, and rapid response.

[0101] When simulating a scenario where "supply exceeds demand," a smaller number of load switches (some of switches 1 to 4) are closed. For example, if the current generating power is 100W, closing only the load switches corresponding to two incandescent lamps (such as load indicator 1 and load indicator 2) results in a total load power of 50W. In this case, the generating power (100W) exceeds the load power (50W), and the system's generated electricity will have a surplus after meeting the load consumption. This surplus electricity is fed back into the grid via the electricity meter, which displays a negative reverse accumulation of electricity.

[0102] When simulating a scenario where "demand exceeds supply," more load is added. For example, with the generating capacity maintained at 80W, closing all four load switches (switch 1 to switch 4) brings the total load power to 100W. At this point, the load demand (100W) exceeds the generating capacity (80W), resulting in a power deficit. The insufficient power is supplemented by the grid, and the electricity meter measures positive, showing a positive reading.

[0103] To intuitively and quantitatively demonstrate the aforementioned supply and demand relationship and the resulting changes in the direction of electricity flow, this embodiment uses an electricity meter connected to the system's common bus (located in the electricity meter circuit) with bidirectional metering capabilities, enabling real-time monitoring of the direction of electricity flow. By observing the load size represented by the "number of lit lights (the number of load indicator lights 1-4)" and the direction and net flow of electricity represented by the "positive and negative values ​​of the meter reading," trainees can intuitively and qualitatively understand the current supply and demand balance.

[0104] Furthermore, this embodiment records the meter readings during a period of stable operation under different scenarios and compares them with the theoretically calculated values ​​(power difference × time). The deviation can be controlled within a small range (e.g., within 5%), thereby achieving quantitative practical verification of the power supply and demand relationship and improving the scientific rigor of teaching.

[0105] It needs to be further explained that, Figure 3This embodiment provides a user load schematic diagram for a wind power generation training method, used to support the training demonstration of a "self-generation and self-consumption, surplus power to the grid" grid-connected mode. In the diagram, phase A and phase N correspond to the phase line and neutral line of the power grid, respectively. Power from the grid is input from the phase A port, and after passing through air switch 1 (main incoming line protection switch), it is divided into two paths. One path connects to air switch 2 (backup branch protection), and the other path connects to a power meter with bidirectional metering function (located in the power meter circuit, which is an independent circuit path connecting the meter to ensure accurate power collection). Then, it is distributed to the user load unit through air switch 3 (load branch main protection). The user load includes 4 independent branches, each consisting of switches 1 to 4 (independent control switches) connected in series with the corresponding load indicator lights 1 to 4 (standard incandescent lamp loads with rated power of 25W / 220V). The number of lit lights can intuitively correspond to the total load power. Air switches 1, 2, and 3 are circuit protection devices that prevent overload and short-circuit faults in the load branches. Switches 1 to 4 control the on / off state of the corresponding branch loads. The electricity meter is connected to the common bus of the power grid and the wind power generation system, which can monitor the flow of electricity in real time. When the generated power is greater than the load power, the surplus electricity is fed back into the grid, and the meter displays a reverse metering value (negative number). When the generated power is less than the load power, the insufficient power is supplemented by the grid, and the meter displays a positive metering value (positive number). The overall working logic is as follows: the grid power is input from phase A, passes through air switch 1, the electricity meter, and air switch 3 in sequence, and is then distributed in four paths to switches 1 to 4 and the corresponding incandescent lamp loads. After the current is consumed by the loads, it finally flows back to the N-phase port. The operator controls the opening and closing of switches 1 to 4 to adjust the number of lamps lit, thereby changing the total load power, intuitively presenting the power supply and demand relationship between the wind power generation system and the grid, and meeting the demonstration and verification needs of the "self-generation and self-consumption, surplus power to the grid" mode in practical training.

[0106] Please see Figure 4 This embodiment also provides a wind power generation training system, applied to a small wind power generation training device. The small wind power generation training device includes a DC motor and a wind turbine generator. The system includes: The instruction acquisition module is used to acquire the target wind speed instruction; A wind power generation module is used to change the rotational speed of the DC motor based on the target wind speed command and a preset DC motor control algorithm, so that the DC motor drives the wind turbine to simulate the target power generation state. A fault command response module is used to respond to a fault simulation command, determine the target fault type and the target electrical circuit based on the fault simulation command, and generate an electrical fault drive signal based on the target fault type and the target electrical circuit. The fault training module is used to input the electrical fault driving signal to the target electrical circuit, so that the switching devices in the target electrical circuit can act based on the electrical fault driving signal, thereby changing the electrical connection state of the target electrical circuit to construct an abnormal electrical environment corresponding to the target fault type; under the abnormal electrical environment, the wind power generated by the wind turbine is input to the target electrical circuit, so that the target electrical circuit can simulate the target fault phenomenon, thereby realizing wind power generation fault training.

[0107] In this embodiment, an integrated and modular wind power generation training system is constructed, integrating four core modules: command acquisition, wind power generation, fault command response, and fault training. This achieves synergistic linkage between wind power generation simulation and fault training functions, enhancing the system's operability and integration. The command acquisition module accurately acquires the target wind speed command, and the wind power generation module adjusts the DC motor speed accordingly to drive the wind turbine to accurately simulate the target power generation state. The fault command response module determines the target fault type and electrical circuit and generates a drive signal. The fault training module drives switching devices to construct an abnormal electrical environment, reproducing the fault phenomenon to achieve training. The efficient collaboration of these modules achieves a closed-loop process for power generation simulation and fault training, ensuring the accuracy and physical realism of the training, and providing reliable integrated training system support for wind power generation training and skills assessment.

[0108] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind power generation training method, characterized in that, The method, applied to a small-scale wind power generation training device, which includes a DC motor, a wind turbine generator, and several electrical circuits, comprises the following steps: Obtain the target wind speed command; Based on the target wind speed command and the preset DC motor control algorithm, the rotational speed of the DC motor is changed so that the DC motor drives the wind turbine to simulate the target power generation state. In response to a fault simulation command, the target fault type and target electrical circuit are determined based on the fault simulation command; An electrical fault drive signal is generated based on the target fault type and the target electrical circuit. The electrical fault drive signal is input to the target electrical circuit so that the switching devices in the target electrical circuit can operate based on the electrical fault drive signal, thereby changing the electrical connection state of the target electrical circuit to construct an abnormal electrical environment corresponding to the target fault type. Under the abnormal electrical environment, the wind power generated by the wind turbine is input into the target electrical circuit so that the target electrical circuit simulates the target fault phenomenon, thereby realizing wind power generation fault training.

2. The wind power generation training method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of changing the rotational speed of the DC motor based on the target wind speed command and a preset DC motor control algorithm, so that the DC motor drives the wind turbine to simulate the target power generation state, specifically refers to the following DC motor control algorithm: The target motor speed value is obtained based on the target wind speed command; Obtain the actual rotational speed of the wind turbine; The speed deviation is obtained based on the target motor speed value and the actual speed value; Based on the speed deviation and the preset control algorithm, an armature voltage command is generated; The armature voltage of the DC motor is adjusted based on the armature voltage command, thereby changing the speed of the DC motor so that the DC motor drives the wind turbine to simulate the target power generation state.

3. The wind power generation training method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of changing the speed of the DC motor based on the armature voltage command to enable the DC motor to drive the wind turbine to simulate the target power generation state includes: A pulse width modulation signal is generated based on the armature voltage command; The armature voltage of the DC motor is adjusted based on the pulse width modulation signal; The DC motor speed is modulated based on the armature voltage so that the DC motor drives the wind turbine to rotate at a corresponding speed, thereby enabling the wind turbine to simulate the target power generation state.

4. The wind power generation training method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method of changing the speed of the DC motor based on the armature voltage command to enable the DC motor to drive the wind turbine to simulate the target power generation state; further includes: Real-time acquisition of the output voltage fluctuation of the wind turbine; When the output voltage fluctuation exceeds a preset fluctuation threshold, the current rotational speed of the wind turbine is obtained; A voltage correction command is generated based on the current speed value and a preset control feedback algorithm. The speed of the DC motor is compensated and adjusted based on the voltage correction command so that the DC motor drives the wind turbine to stably simulate the target power generation state.

5. A wind power generation training method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the target fault type and target electrical circuit based on the fault simulation command in response to the fault simulation command includes: In response to a fault simulation command, the target fault type is determined to be at least one of the following based on the fault simulation command: battery pack wiring fault, system overvoltage fault, system undervoltage fault, charge / discharge controller charging fault, charge / discharge controller discharging fault, wind inverter body fault, or wind inverter wiring fault. In response to a fault simulation command, the target electrical circuit is determined to be at least one of the following: a wind turbine output circuit, a battery charging and discharging circuit, an inverter input and output circuit, or a grid connection circuit.

6. A wind power generation training method according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the target fault type is a system overvoltage fault, a system undervoltage fault, or a wind turbine inverter wiring fault, the target electrical circuit is determined to be a high-voltage electrical circuit. The step of inputting the electrical fault drive signal to the target electrical circuit, causing the switching devices in the target electrical circuit to operate based on the electrical fault drive signal, thereby changing the electrical connection state of the target electrical circuit to construct an abnormal electrical environment corresponding to the target fault type, includes: The electrical fault drive signal is input to the high-voltage electrical circuit so that the AC contactor in the target electrical circuit performs opening and closing actions based on the electrical fault drive signal, thereby changing the electrical connection state of the target electrical circuit to construct an abnormal electrical environment corresponding to the target fault type.

7. A wind power generation training method according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the target fault type is a battery pack wiring fault, a charge / discharge controller charging fault, or a discharging fault, the target electrical circuit is determined to be a low-voltage electrical circuit. The step of inputting the electrical fault drive signal to the target electrical circuit, causing the switching devices in the target electrical circuit to operate based on the electrical fault drive signal, thereby changing the electrical connection state of the target electrical circuit to construct an abnormal electrical environment corresponding to the target fault type, includes: The electrical fault drive signal is input to the low-voltage electrical circuit so that the relay in the low-voltage electrical circuit performs opening and closing actions based on the electrical fault drive signal, thereby changing the electrical connection state of the target electrical circuit to construct an abnormal electrical environment corresponding to the target fault type.

8. The wind power generation training method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes a step for implementing a power supply and demand relationship training exercise, wherein the plurality of electrical circuits include a plurality of load branches, and the step for implementing a power supply and demand relationship training exercise includes: In response to a load adjustment command, determine the number of load branches based on the load adjustment command; A load supply and demand drive signal is generated based on the number of load branches; Based on the load supply and demand drive signal, generate several switch control signals corresponding to the number of load branches; Each of the aforementioned switch control signals is sent to the corresponding load branch to control the on / off state of the corresponding load branch, thereby constructing the target power supply and demand environment; Under the target power supply and demand environment, obtain the current power generation capacity and the current total load power; The current power supply and demand relationship is obtained based on the current power generation and the current total load power, so as to realize the practical training of power supply and demand relationship.

9. A wind power generation training method according to claim 8, characterized in that, For any load branch, which includes several incandescent lamps, the step of sending the switch control signals of each branch to the corresponding load branch to control the on / off state of the corresponding load branch, thereby constructing the target power supply and demand environment, includes: Each of the switch control signals is sent to the corresponding load branch to control the load switch in the corresponding load branch to perform closing or opening actions, thereby connecting or disconnecting several incandescent lamps on the corresponding load branch to construct the target power supply and demand environment.

10. A wind power generation training system, characterized in that, This system is applied to a small-scale wind power generation training device, which includes a DC motor and a wind turbine generator. The instruction acquisition module is used to acquire the target wind speed instruction; A wind power generation module is used to change the rotational speed of the DC motor based on the target wind speed command and a preset DC motor control algorithm, so that the DC motor drives the wind turbine to simulate the target power generation state. A fault command response module is used to respond to a fault simulation command, determine the target fault type and the target electrical circuit based on the fault simulation command, and generate an electrical fault drive signal based on the target fault type and the target electrical circuit. The fault training module is used to input the electrical fault driving signal to the target electrical circuit, so that the switching devices in the target electrical circuit can act based on the electrical fault driving signal, thereby changing the electrical connection state of the target electrical circuit to construct an abnormal electrical environment corresponding to the target fault type; under the abnormal electrical environment, the wind power generated by the wind turbine is input to the target electrical circuit, so that the target electrical circuit can simulate the target fault phenomenon, thereby realizing wind power generation fault training.

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