Strength-improved microporous membrane, diaphragm, base membrane and battery diaphragm
The polyolefin microporous membrane prepared by the dry process solves the problem of thin and insufficient strength of battery separators, improves the safety and processing performance of batteries, and is suitable for energy storage devices such as primary batteries, secondary batteries and fuel cells.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CELGARD LLC
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-10
AI Technical Summary
When existing microporous membranes are used as battery separators, they suffer from problems such as insufficient film strength, uneven thickness, and poor processability, making it difficult to meet the high energy density requirements of modern batteries.
Polyolefin microporous membranes prepared by dry process can have their puncture strength, longitudinal tensile strength, and interlayer adhesion reduced by adjusting properties such as thickness, longitudinal tensile strength, pore size, and surface roughness, thereby increasing the DB value, optimizing porosity and specific surface area.
Thin and high-strength microporous membranes have been developed, suitable for modern batteries and devices, improving battery safety and processing performance.
Smart Images
Figure CN121840118A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to improved strength microporous membranes, separators, base films, battery separators, and various related methods and uses thereof. The improved strength microporous membranes described herein can be dry process polyolefin membranes and can be used as battery separators or as components of composite materials or battery separators. The battery separators or composite materials can be used in energy storage devices including primary batteries, secondary batteries, fuel cells, capacitors, or supercapacitors. BACKGROUND
[0002] Not every microporous membrane is suitable for use as a battery separator. The basic requirements for a battery separator include at least the following: (1) electrical insulation and (2) ionic conductivity, e.g., the ability to allow Na+, Li+, etc. ions to flow across the membrane. With respect to (2), the wettability of the membrane by the electrolyte used in the particular battery is often a requirement. In addition, the pores of the microporous membrane preferred for use as a separator are not through-pores. Battery separator manufacturers generally consider through-pores to be defects.
[0003] In addition to the basic requirements, there are many desirable battery separator properties. First, thin separators (e.g., less than 25 microns) are preferred. Recent market trends have favored separators with thicknesses less than 12 microns. Thinner separators enable battery manufacturers to achieve higher energy densities. While such thin separators can be manufactured, they often suffer from one or more of the following problems: lower puncture strength, large thickness variation / thickness uniformity, poor processability in modern separator or battery equipment, etc.
[0004] Accordingly, there is a need for improved strength membranes or battery separators that are both thin and suitable for use in modern batteries and equipment. SUMMARY
[0005] In an aspect, an improved strength membrane is described herein. The membrane has a thickness of 1 micron to 50 microns, 2 microns to 25 microns, 4 microns to 12 microns, or 5 microns to 10 microns and exhibits one or more, two or more, three or more, four or more, five or more, or all of the following properties: (1) a puncture strength of 270 gf or more; (2) a higher MD tensile strength than 2,200 kg / cm 2 2 (3) increased surface roughness; (4) an average pore size of at least 0.35 microns; (5) an increased DB value; (6) a higher CD tensile strength than 110 kg / cm
[0006] In another aspect, object of embodiment or example, described herein is a battery separator for an energy storage device such as a primary battery, a secondary battery, or a fuel cell. The battery separator can include at least one microporous membrane. The microporous membrane can be a microporous membrane, a separator including a microporous membrane, a battery separator including a microporous membrane, or a base film including a microporous membrane, wherein the microporous membrane has a thickness of 1 micrometer to 50 micrometers, 2 micrometers to 25 micrometers, 4 micrometers to 12 micrometers, or 5 micrometers to 10 micrometers, and exhibits one or more, two or more, three or more, four or more, five or more, or all of the following properties: (1) a puncture strength of 270 gf or more; (2) a machine direction tensile strength higher than 2,200 kg / cm 2 ; (3) an increased surface roughness; (4) an average pore size of at least 0.35 micrometers; (5) an increased DB value; (6) a cross direction tensile strength higher than 110 kg / cm 2 ; (7) a decreased interlayer adhesion; (8) a polypropylene blend including 10 wt% to 100 wt% of a high crystalline polypropylene; (9) a decreased specific surface area; and / or (10) a porosity of less than 35%.
[0007] The microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base film described above, wherein the microporous membrane has a machine direction tensile strength higher than 2,300 kg / cm 2 , higher than 2,320 kg / cm 2 , or higher than 2,340 kg / cm 2 .
[0008] The microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base film described above, wherein the microporous membrane has a porosity of less than 40% or less than 35%.
[0009] The microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base film described above, wherein the microporous membrane is a dry polyolefin membrane and has a thickness of 5 micrometers to 10 micrometers; a puncture strength of 270 gf or more; a machine direction tensile strength higher than 2,200 kg / cm 2 ; an increased surface roughness; an average pore size of at least 0.40 micrometers; an increased DB value; a cross direction tensile strength higher than 130 kg / cm 2 ; a decreased interlayer adhesion; a polypropylene blend including 10 wt% to 100 wt% of a high crystalline polypropylene; (9) a decreased specific surface area; and / or (10) a porosity of less than 35% or 45%.
[0010] The microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base film described above, wherein the microporous membrane has one or more layers or layer materials.
[0011] The microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base film described above, wherein the microporous membrane has at least one outer surface, layer, or layer material made from a polypropylene blend comprising up to 100 wt% of a high crystalline polypropylene.
[0012] The microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base film described above, wherein the microporous membrane is a dry process microporous membrane.
[0013] The microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base film described above, wherein the microporous membrane has a melting point higher than 165°C.
[0014] The microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base film described above, wherein the microporous membrane is coated on one or both sides thereof.
[0015] An energy storage device comprising the microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base film described above, wherein the energy storage device is a primary battery, a secondary battery, or a fuel cell.
[0016] In yet another aspect, embodiment, or example, the dry process polyolefin microporous membrane has a thickness of 4 microns to 12 microns and exhibits one or more of the following properties: (1) a puncture strength of 290 gf or more; (2) a machine direction tensile strength higher than 2,200 kg / cm 2 ; (3) an increased surface roughness; (4) an average pore size of at least 0.35 microns; (5) an increased DB value; (6) a cross direction tensile strength higher than 110 kg / cm 2 ; (7) a decreased interlayer adhesion; (8) a polypropylene blend comprising up to 100 wt% of a high crystalline polypropylene; (9) a decreased specific surface area; and / or (10) a porosity of less than 40%.
[0017] In yet another aspect, embodiment, or example, the dry process polypropylene microporous membrane has a thickness of 4 microns to 12 microns and exhibits one or more of the following properties: (1) a puncture strength of 280 gf or more; (2) a machine direction tensile strength higher than 2,200 kg / cm 2 ; (3) an increased surface roughness; (4) an average pore size of at least 0.35 microns; (5) an increased DB value; (6) a cross direction tensile strength higher than 110 kg / cm 2 ; (7) a decreased interlayer adhesion; (8) a polypropylene blend comprising up to 100 wt% of a high crystalline polypropylene; (9) a decreased specific surface area; and / or (10) a porosity of less than 45%.
[0018] In another aspect, this paper describes a membrane with improved strength. The membrane has a thickness of 1 micrometer to 50 micrometers, 2 micrometers to 25 micrometers, 4 micrometers to 12 micrometers, or 5 micrometers to 10 micrometers, and exhibits one or more, two or more, three or more, four or more, five or more, or all of the following properties: (1) puncture strength of 270 gf or higher; (2) a puncture strength greater than 2,200 kg / cm². 2 (3) Increased surface roughness; (4) Average pore size of at least 0.35 micrometers; (5) Increased DB value; (6) Higher than 110 kg / cm 2 (7) Reduced interlayer adhesion; (8) Polypropylene blend containing 10% to 100% by weight of highly crystalline polypropylene; (9) Reduced specific surface area; (10) Durable puncture strength; and / or (11) Porosity less than 40%.
[0019] This document describes a microporous membrane with improved strength. This microporous membrane can be used as a battery separator, membrane, base membrane, or membrane with various related methods and applications. The improved microporous membrane described herein can be a dry-processed polyolefin membrane and can be used as a battery separator, composite material, or component of a battery separator. The battery separator or composite material can be used in energy storage devices including primary batteries, secondary batteries, fuel cells, capacitors, or supercapacitors.
[0020] In some embodiments, the puncture strength of the microporous membrane may be 270 gf or higher, 280 gf or higher, 290 gf or higher, 300 gf or higher, or 310 gf or higher.
[0021] In some embodiments, the microporous membrane may have a density higher than 2,000 kg / cm³. 2 Above 2,100 kg / cm 2 Above 2,200 kg / cm 2 Above 2,300 kg / cm 2 Or higher than 2,340 kg / cm 2 The longitudinal tensile strength.
[0022] In some embodiments, the microporous membrane is a dry-processed microporous membrane.
[0023] In some embodiments, the microporous membrane is a microporous membrane with a melting point higher than 165°C.
[0024] In some embodiments, the microporous membrane is coated on one or both sides.
[0025] In another aspect, an energy storage device including the battery separator described herein is described. This energy storage device can be a primary battery, a secondary battery, a fuel cell, a capacitor, or a supercapacitor. Attached Figure Description
[0026] Figure 1 and Figure 2 These are scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the surface of the dry-process polypropylene (PP) microporous membrane of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 3 and Figure 4 These are scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the cross-section of the dry-process polypropylene (PP) microporous membrane of this invention. Detailed Implementation
[0028] This article describes a microporous membrane with improved strength. This improved microporous membrane can be used as a battery separator or a component of a battery separator. For example, when a battery separator comprises two or more membranes, the improved membrane described herein can be at least one of them. Battery separators incorporating the improved microporous membrane can be used in energy storage devices such as primary batteries, secondary batteries, fuel cells, capacitors, or supercapacitors. The membrane will be described in further detail below.
[0029] microporous membrane
[0030] The microporous membranes described herein can have thicknesses ranging from 1 micrometer to 50 micrometers, 2 micrometers to 25 micrometers, 4 micrometers to 12 micrometers, 5 micrometers to 10 micrometers, 2 micrometers to 12 micrometers, 2 micrometers to 11 micrometers, 2 micrometers to 10 micrometers, 2 micrometers to 9 micrometers, 2 micrometers to 8 micrometers, 2 micrometers to 7 micrometers, 2 micrometers to 6 micrometers, 2 micrometers to 5 micrometers, 2 micrometers to 4 micrometers, or 2 micrometers to 13 micrometers.
[0031] The microporous membrane may exhibit one or more, two or more, three or more, four or more, five or more, or all of the following properties: (1) puncture strength of 270 gf or higher; (2) greater than 2,200 kg / cm². 2 (3) Increased surface roughness; (4) Average pore size of at least 0.35 micrometers; (5) Increased DB value; (6) Higher than 110 kg / cm 2 (7) Reduced interlayer adhesion; (8) Polypropylene blend containing 10% to 100% by weight of highly crystalline polypropylene; (9) Reduced specific surface area; and / or (10) Thickness less than 12 micrometers.
[0032] In one aspect, this paper describes a membrane with improved strength. The membrane has a thickness of 1 micrometer to 50 micrometers, 2 micrometers to 25 micrometers, 4 micrometers to 12 micrometers, or 5 micrometers to 10 micrometers, and exhibits one or more, two or more, three or more, four or more, five or more, or all of the following properties: (1) puncture strength of 270 gf or higher; (2) a puncture strength greater than 2,200 kg / cm².2 (3) Increased surface roughness; (4) Average pore size of at least 0.35 micrometers; (5) Increased DB value; (6) Higher than 110 kg / cm 2 (7) Reduced interlayer peel strength; (8) Polypropylene blend containing 10% to 100% by weight of highly crystalline polypropylene; (9) Reduced specific surface area; and / or (10) Porosity less than 40%.
[0033] In another aspect, implementation, or embodiment, this document describes a battery separator for energy storage devices such as primary batteries, secondary batteries, or fuel cells. The battery separator may include at least one microporous membrane. The microporous membrane may be a microporous membrane, a separator including a microporous membrane, a battery separator including a microporous membrane, or a base membrane including a microporous membrane, wherein the microporous membrane has a thickness of 1 micrometer to 50 micrometers, 2 micrometers to 25 micrometers, 4 micrometers to 12 micrometers, or 5 micrometers to 10 micrometers, and exhibits one or more, two or more, three or more, four or more, five or more, or all of the following properties: (1) a puncture strength of 270 gf or higher; (2) a puncture strength greater than 2,200 kg / cm². 2 (3) Increased surface roughness; (4) Average pore size of at least 0.35 micrometers; (5) Increased DB value; (6) Higher than 110 kg / cm 2 (7) Reduced interlayer adhesion; (8) Polypropylene blends containing 10% to 100% by weight of highly crystalline polypropylene; (9) Reduced specific surface area; and / or (10) Porosity less than 35%.
[0034] The aforementioned microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base membrane, wherein the microporous membrane has a density higher than 2,300 kg / cm³. 2 Above 2,320 kg / cm 2 Or higher than 2,340 kg / cm 2 The longitudinal tensile strength.
[0035] The aforementioned microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base membrane, wherein the microporous membrane has a porosity of less than 40% or less than 35%.
[0036] The aforementioned microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base membrane, wherein the microporous membrane is a dry-process polyolefin membrane and has a thickness of 5 to 10 micrometers; a puncture strength of 270 gf or higher; and a strength greater than 2,200 kg / cm². 2 Longitudinal tensile strength; increased surface roughness; average pore size of at least 0.40 micrometers; increased DB value; greater than 130 kg / cm² 2(9) Reduced transverse tensile strength; reduced interlayer adhesion; polypropylene blend containing 10% to 100% by weight of highly crystalline polypropylene; (10) reduced specific surface area; and / or (11) less than 35% or 45% porosity.
[0037] The aforementioned microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base membrane, wherein the microporous membrane has one or more layers or layers.
[0038] The aforementioned microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base membrane, wherein the microporous membrane has at least one outer surface, layer, or layer material made of a polypropylene blend containing up to 100% by weight of highly crystalline polypropylene.
[0039] The aforementioned microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base membrane, wherein the microporous membrane is a dry-process microporous membrane.
[0040] The aforementioned microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base membrane, wherein the melting point of the microporous membrane is higher than 165°C.
[0041] The aforementioned microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base membrane, wherein the microporous membrane is coated on one or both sides.
[0042] An energy storage device comprising the aforementioned microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base membrane, wherein the energy storage device is a primary battery, a secondary battery, or a fuel cell.
[0043] In another aspect, implementation, or embodiment, the dry-process polyolefin microporous membrane has a thickness of 4 to 12 micrometers and exhibits one or more of the following properties: (1) puncture strength of 290 gf or higher; (2) a puncture resistance greater than 2,200 kg / cm². 2 (3) Increased surface roughness; (4) Average pore size of at least 0.35 micrometers; (5) Increased DB value; (6) Higher than 110 kg / cm 2 (7) Reduced interlayer adhesion; (8) Polypropylene blend containing up to 100% by weight of highly crystalline polypropylene; (9) Reduced specific surface area; and / or (10) Porosity less than 40%.
[0044] In another aspect, implementation, or embodiment, the dry-process polypropylene microporous membrane has a thickness of 4 to 12 micrometers and exhibits one or more of the following properties: (1) puncture strength of 280 gf or higher; (2) a puncture resistance greater than 2,200 kg / cm². 2 (3) Increased surface roughness; (4) Average pore size of at least 0.35 micrometers; (5) Increased DB value; (6) Higher than 110 kg / cm 2(7) Reduced interlayer adhesion; (8) Polypropylene blend containing up to 100% by weight of highly crystalline polypropylene; (9) Reduced specific surface area; and / or (10) Porosity less than 45%.
[0045] In another aspect, this paper describes a membrane with improved strength. The membrane has a thickness of 1 micrometer to 50 micrometers, 2 micrometers to 25 micrometers, 4 micrometers to 12 micrometers, or 5 micrometers to 10 micrometers, and exhibits one or more, two or more, three or more, four or more, five or more, or all of the following properties: (1) puncture strength of 270 gf or higher; (2) a puncture strength greater than 2,200 kg / cm². 2 (3) Increased surface roughness; (4) Average pore size of at least 0.35 micrometers; (5) Increased DB value; (6) Higher than 110 kg / cm 2 (7) Reduced interlayer peel strength; (8) Polypropylene blend containing 10% to 100% by weight of highly crystalline polypropylene; (9) Reduced specific surface area; (10) Persistent puncture strength over time; and / or (11) Porosity less than 40%.
[0046] This document describes a microporous membrane with improved strength. This microporous membrane can be used as a battery separator, membrane, base membrane, or membrane with various related methods and applications. The improved microporous membrane described herein can be a dry-processed polyolefin membrane and can be used as a battery separator, composite material, or component of a battery separator. The battery separator or composite material can be used in energy storage devices including primary batteries, secondary batteries, fuel cells, capacitors, or supercapacitors.
[0047] In some embodiments, the puncture strength of the microporous membrane may be 270 gf or higher, 280 gf or higher, 290 gf or higher, 300 gf or higher, or 310 gf or higher.
[0048] In some embodiments, the microporous membrane may have a density higher than 2,000 kg / cm³. 2 Above 2,100 kg / cm 2 Above 2,200 kg / cm 2 Above 2,300 kg / cm 2 Or higher than 2,340 kg / cm 2 The longitudinal tensile strength.
[0049] In some embodiments, the microporous membrane is a dry-processed microporous membrane.
[0050] In some embodiments, the microporous membrane is a microporous membrane with a melting point higher than 165°C.
[0051] In some embodiments, the microporous membrane is coated on one or both sides.
[0052] On the other hand, this document describes an energy storage device including the battery separator described herein. This energy storage device can be a primary battery, a secondary battery, a fuel cell, a capacitor, or a supercapacitor.
[0053] This document describes a microporous membrane with improved strength. This microporous membrane can be used as a battery separator, membrane, base membrane, or membrane with various applications. The improved microporous membrane described herein can be a dry-process polyolefin membrane and can be used as a battery separator, composite material, or component of a battery separator. The battery separator or composite material can be used in energy storage devices including primary batteries, secondary batteries, fuel cells, capacitors, or supercapacitors.
[0054] In some embodiments, the puncture strength of the microporous membrane can be 270 gf or higher, 280 gf or higher, or 290 gf or higher. Additionally, the puncture strength of the microporous membrane can be persistently stable over time. For example, the puncture strength of the microporous membrane does not significantly decrease over time. For instance, the puncture strength of the microporous membrane does not decrease by 5% within 3 months, 6 months, or 12 months.
[0055] In some embodiments, the microporous membrane may have a density higher than 2,000 kg / cm³. 2 Above 2,100 kg / cm 2 Above 2,200 kg / cm 2 Above 2,300 kg / cm 2 Or higher than 2,340 kg / cm 2 The longitudinal tensile strength.
[0056] In some embodiments, the microporous membrane is a dry-process microporous membrane. Dry processing typically includes extrusion, annealing, cold stretching, hot stretching (longitudinal or transverse), and heat setting. In this specification, dry processing may include multiple stretching or relaxation steps. Dry-process membranes may have one or more layers or layers. The strength-improving membranes of this invention may be one or more layers of a multilayer membrane structure.
[0057] In some embodiments, the microporous membrane is a microporous membrane with a melting point higher than 165°C or 160°C.
[0058] In some embodiments, the microporous membrane is coated on one or both sides.
[0059] In another aspect, an energy storage device including the battery separator described herein is described. This energy storage device can be a primary battery, a secondary battery, a fuel cell, a capacitor, or a supercapacitor.
[0060] In a preferred embodiment, the microporous membrane exhibits a puncture strength of 270 gf or higher, 280 gf or higher, or 290 gf or higher.
[0061] In a preferred embodiment, the microporous membrane exhibits a strength higher than 2,290 kg / cm². 2 The longitudinal tensile strength.
[0062] In a preferred embodiment, the microporous membrane exhibits a porosity of less than 45%, less than 40%, or less than 35%.
[0063] In some preferred embodiments, the microporous membrane is a dry-process microporous membrane. As is known in the art, a dry-process membrane is a membrane produced without the use of solvents or oils. As is known in the art, the appearance of a dry-process membrane as a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image is significantly different from that of a wet-process membrane produced using solvents and oils. See P. Arora and Z. Zhang, Battery Separators, Chem. Rev. 2004, 104, 4419-4462.
[0064] In some preferred embodiments, the microporous membrane can be formed using casting or bubble extrusion processes.
[0065] The microporous membranes described herein may have an average pore size of 1 micrometer or smaller, 0.9 micrometers or smaller, 0.8 micrometers or smaller, 0.7 micrometers or smaller, 0.6 micrometers or smaller, 0.5 micrometers or smaller, 0.4 micrometers or smaller, or 0.35 micrometers or smaller.
[0066] The composition of the microporous membrane is not limited, but the microporous membrane described herein preferably comprises, is composed of, or is substantially composed of one or more polypropylene layers. In some preferred embodiments, the microporous membrane described herein comprises, is composed of, or is substantially composed of a polypropylene homopolymer or copolymer. In some embodiments, the microporous membrane, or at least its outer surface, layers, or layer material, may comprise, is composed of, or is substantially composed of highly crystalline polypropylene and typical polypropylene (homomers, copolymers, etc.). Preferably, the melting point of the microporous membrane is above 160°C or above 165°C. The melting point of the membrane depends at least in part on the composition of the film or its layers.
[0067] Battery separator
[0068] In some embodiments, the battery separator may comprise, be constituted by, or be substantially constituted by a microporous membrane as described herein. In some embodiments, the battery separator may comprise, be constituted by, or be substantially constituted by a microporous membrane as described herein and at least one other microporous membrane.
[0069] In some embodiments, one or both sides of the microporous membrane may be coated. The coating may be continuous or discontinuous. The coating may have a thickness of 0.5 to 5 micrometers, 0.5 to 4 micrometers, 0.5 to 3 micrometers, 0.5 to 2 micrometers, or 0.5 to 1 micrometer. In embodiments with double-sided coating, the coating on each side may be the same or different.
[0070] The coating is not limited and can be a ceramic coating, an adhesive or bonding coating, a fusing coating, or the like. In some embodiments, the coating may comprise two or more layers. For example, the coating may comprise a ceramic layer with an adhesive layer provided on top of the ceramic layer. The adhesive layer may be continuous or discontinuous.
[0071] Energy storage devices
[0072] An energy storage device comprising, constituted by, or substantially constituted by a battery separator as described herein is disclosed. This energy storage device can be a primary battery, a secondary battery, a fuel cell, a capacitor, or a supercapacitor. Examples of secondary batteries can include lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, flow batteries, and the like.
[0073] These energy storage devices can be used in electric vehicles (EVs), battery electric vehicles (BEVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), or plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs).
[0074] Example
[0075] Three examples of dry-stretched polypropylene (PP) films:
[0076] 1. Typical polypropylene film: 260 gf puncture strength; Polypropylene film of the present invention: 290 gf puncture strength.
[0077] 2. The polypropylene film of the present invention has a higher puncture strength than typical polypropylene films.
[0078] 3. Typical polypropylene film: 240 gf puncture strength; Polypropylene film of the present invention: 290 gf puncture strength.
[0079] Numerous different arrangements of the various components and / or steps depicted and described, as well as those not shown, are possible without departing from the scope of the following claims. Embodiments of the present technology have been described in an illustrative and not limiting manner. Other embodiments will become apparent from reference to this disclosure. The foregoing may be implemented in other ways without departing from the scope of the following claims. Certain features and sub-combinations are useful and can be used without reference to other features and sub-combinations, and are contemplated within the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A microporous membrane, a separator comprising a microporous membrane, a battery separator comprising a microporous membrane, or a base membrane comprising a microporous membrane. in, The microporous membrane has a thickness of 1 micrometer to 50 micrometers, 2 micrometers to 25 micrometers, 4 micrometers to 12 micrometers, or 5 micrometers to 10 micrometers, and exhibits one or more, two or more, three or more, four or more, five or more, or all of the following properties: (1) puncture strength of 270 gf or higher; (2) a puncture strength of more than 2,200 kg / cm². 2 (3) Increased surface roughness; (4) Average pore size of at least 0.35 micrometers; (5) Increased DB value; (6) Higher than 110 kg / cm 2 (7) Reduced interlayer adhesion; (8) Polypropylene blends containing 10% to 100% by weight of highly crystalline polypropylene; (9) Reduced specific surface area; and / or (10) Porosity less than 45%.
2. The microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base membrane according to claim 1, wherein, The microporous membrane has a density higher than 2,300 kg / cm². 2 Above 2,320 kg / cm 2 Or higher than 2,340 kg / cm 2 The longitudinal tensile strength.
3. The microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base membrane according to claim 1, wherein, The microporous membrane has a porosity of less than 35%, less than 40%, or less than 45%.
4. The microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base membrane according to claim 1, wherein, The microporous membrane is a dry-processed polyolefin membrane with a thickness of 5 to 10 micrometers; a puncture strength of 290 gf or higher; and a strength greater than 2,200 kg / cm². 2 Longitudinal tensile strength; increased surface roughness; average pore size of at least 0.40 micrometers; increased DB value; greater than 130 kg / cm² 2 Reduced transverse tensile strength; reduced interlayer adhesion; polypropylene blends containing up to 100% by weight of highly crystalline polypropylene; reduced specific surface area; and / or less than 40% porosity.
5. The microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base membrane according to claim 1, wherein, The microporous membrane has one or more layers or layers.
6. The microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base membrane according to claim 1, wherein, The microporous membrane has at least one outer surface, layer, or layer material made of a polypropylene blend containing 10% to 100% by weight of highly crystalline polypropylene.
7. The microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base membrane according to claim 1, wherein, The microporous membrane is a dry-processed microporous membrane.
8. The microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base membrane according to claim 1, wherein, The microporous membrane has a melting point higher than 160°C.
9. The microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base membrane according to claim 1, wherein, The microporous membrane is coated on one or both sides.
10. An energy storage device comprising a microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base membrane according to claim 1, wherein, The energy storage device is a primary battery, a secondary battery, or a fuel cell.
11. A dry-process polyolefin microporous membrane having a thickness of 4 micrometers to 12 micrometers and exhibiting one or more of the following properties: (1) puncture strength of 280 gf or higher; (2) a puncture strength greater than 2,200 kg / cm². 2 (3) Increased surface roughness; (4) Average pore size of at least 0.35 micrometers; (5) Increased DB value; (6) Higher than 110 kg / cm 2 (7) Reduced interlayer adhesion; (8) Polypropylene blend containing up to 100% by weight of highly crystalline polypropylene; (9) Reduced specific surface area; and / or (10) Porosity less than 45%.
12. A dry-process polypropylene microporous membrane having a thickness of 4 micrometers to 12 micrometers and exhibiting one or more of the following properties: (1) puncture strength of 270 gf or higher; (2) a puncture strength greater than 2,200 kg / cm². 2 (3) Increased surface roughness; (4) Average pore size of at least 0.35 micrometers; (5) Increased DB value; (6) Higher than 110 kg / cm 2 (7) Reduced interlayer adhesion; (8) Polypropylene blend containing up to 100% by weight of highly crystalline polypropylene; (9) Reduced specific surface area; and / or (10) Porosity less than 40%.
13. The microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base membrane according to claim 1, wherein, The microporous membrane has a puncture strength of 280 gf or higher, 290 gf or higher, 300 gf or higher, or 310 gf or higher.
14. The microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base membrane according to claim 1, wherein, The microporous membrane has a density higher than 2,300 kg / cm². 2 Or higher than 2,340 kg / cm 2 The longitudinal tensile strength.
15. The microporous membrane, separator, battery separator, or base membrane according to claim 1, wherein, The microporous membrane comprises, is composed of, or is substantially composed of: one or more polypropylene layers, polypropylene homopolymers or copolymers, at least one outer surface, layer or layer material composed of highly crystalline polypropylene and typical polypropylene (homomers, copolymers, etc.), or a combination thereof.