Ploughing device and method with soil high-temperature disinfection function

Abstract

The invention discloses a plowing device and method with a soil high-temperature disinfection function, and relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The plowing mechanism is mounted on the front side of the advancing direction of the frame body and is used for plowing soil; the protective cover is mounted on the rear side of the advancing direction of the frame body and is used for receiving and guiding the soil turned up by the plowing mechanism; the burning mechanism is mounted on the rear side of the advancing direction of the frame body, penetrates through the protective cover and is used for performing high-temperature disinfection on the turned soil and the deep original soil; the digging cutter and the burning mechanism are synchronously integrated on the lower side of the frame body, deep integration of plowing operation and high-temperature soil disinfection is achieved, the problems that in the prior art, the function is single, and time cost is high and the energy utilization rate is low due to the fact that step-by-step operation is needed are directly solved, plowing and disinfection are synchronously conducted, and the working efficiency is improved. And it is ensured that the turned loose soil can be immediately subjected to high-temperature treatment, the farming cycle is remarkably shortened, and the comprehensive efficiency of operation is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to a tillage device and method with a high-temperature soil disinfection function. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of modern agricultural technology, tilling and soil disinfection have become indispensable parts of agricultural production in order to improve crop yield and quality. In existing technologies, tilling devices mainly use rotating blades or plowshares to loosen and level the soil, improving its aeration and permeability; while high-temperature soil disinfection technology uses physical heating (such as steam, infrared radiation, or flame heating) to kill pathogens, pests, and weed seeds in the soil. These two technologies are widely used in mechanized agricultural production and are important means to ensure the ecological health of farmland, reduce the incidence of soil-borne diseases, and reduce the use of chemical pesticides.

[0003] However, existing agricultural machinery still has significant limitations in actual operation. Current high-temperature soil sterilization and tilling devices can only perform one function: soil sterilization or tilling. Farmers often need to operate two different machines sequentially for each step. This separate operation mode not only increases the time and labor costs of agricultural production, leading to low energy efficiency, but also, because tilling and heating sterilization processes cannot be carried out simultaneously, deep soil often fails to receive uniform and thorough high-temperature treatment, thus affecting the final sterilization effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a soil turning device and method with high-temperature soil disinfection function, which solves the problem that existing high-temperature soil disinfection devices and soil turning devices can only achieve the single function of soil disinfection and soil turning.

[0005] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solutions, the present invention comprising: The frame, used for movement and walking; A soil turning mechanism, installed on the front side of the frame in the direction of travel, is used to turn over and excavate the soil; A protective cover, installed on the rear side of the frame in the forward direction, is used to receive and guide the soil turned up by the tilling mechanism; The fire-starting mechanism is installed on the rear side of the frame in the forward direction and penetrates the protective cover. It is used to disinfect the turned-up soil and deep original soil at high temperature.

[0006] Preferably, the tilling mechanism includes a rotating shaft rotatably mounted on the frame and a digging tool fixed on the rotating shaft. The digging tool includes a cylinder fixed to the outside of the rotating shaft and multiple inner digging blades fixed on the cylinder.

[0007] Preferably, the excavating tool further includes an outer excavating blade fixed on multiple inner excavating blades, the outer excavating blades being distributed in multiple groups along the axial direction of the cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the frame is provided with an outer stop block and an inner stop block on the front and rear sides of the excavating tool, respectively, and the outer stop block and the inner stop block are respectively provided with an outer narrow groove and an inner narrow groove for the outer excavating blade to pass through.

[0009] Preferably, the protective cover has a buffer channel inside for dispersing and guiding the soil. The buffer channel includes an inclined plate and a bent plate located below the inclined plate. The inclined plate is embedded with an iron mesh for sieving the soil.

[0010] Preferably, the ignition mechanism includes at least two air pipes that are installed through the protective cover. One air pipe is located at the end of the buffer channel inside the protective cover and is provided with a first air nozzle facing the inside of the buffer channel. The remaining air pipe is located inside the protective cover and is provided with a second air nozzle facing the ground. Each air pipe is provided with an igniter. The frame is provided with an air storage tank for supplying air to the air pipes.

[0011] Preferably, the upper end of the protective cover has an outwardly expanding portion that extends upward and gradually widens, and the lower end of the protective cover has an inclined portion.

[0012] Preferably, the protective cover is slidably mounted on the frame via an optical axis, and the frame is provided with a reciprocating displacement mechanism connected to the protective cover for driving the protective cover to reciprocate linearly along the optical axis.

[0013] Preferably, the reciprocating mechanism includes a disc fixed to the rotating shaft of the turning mechanism, an arc-shaped protrusion disposed on the disc, a stop plate fixed to the side of the protective cover, and rollers mounted on the stop plate. A spring for repositioning is provided between the protective cover and the frame.

[0014] This invention also proposes a soil tillage method with high-temperature soil disinfection function, applied to the tillage device described above, characterized by comprising the following steps: S1: The soil is turned over by a soil turning mechanism, and the turned-up soil is thrown into the protective cover; S2: The soil in a dynamically dispersed state inside the protective cover is disinfected at high temperature through the burning mechanism, and the deep original soil exposed after excavation is also disinfected at high temperature. S3: The disinfected soil is guided back to the ground through a protective cover.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This application achieves a deep integration of tilling operations and high-temperature soil disinfection by simultaneously integrating digging tools and a fire-starting mechanism on the underside of the frame. This directly solves the problems of high time costs and low energy utilization caused by the single function and step-by-step operation required in existing technologies. The device is powered by a battery and driven by a walking motor, and achieves self-movement with the control switch on the handrail, greatly reducing the intensity of manual labor. Simultaneous tilling and disinfection ensure that the loosened soil can be immediately treated with high temperature, significantly shortening the agricultural cycle and improving the overall efficiency of the operation.

[0016] This application utilizes inclined plates, wire mesh, and bent plates inside the protective cover to construct a multi-level buffer channel. Combined with the lateral high-frequency vibration generated by the reciprocating displacement mechanism, this allows the soil to fully collide and sieve within the channel, significantly improving soil dispersion. The flame generated by the first jet nozzle rises upwards along the bent channel, extending the soil's residence time in the high-temperature environment and achieving full-section heat exchange. Combined with the direct spraying of the original soil at the bottom of the trench by the second jet nozzle, a dual coverage of "aerial dynamic treatment" and "deep surface disinfection" is formed, completely eliminating blind spots in the operation.

[0017] The reciprocating displacement mechanism of this application cleverly draws power from the shaft of the excavating cutter, driving the displacement of the protective cover through the periodic contact between the arc-shaped protrusion and the roller. This eliminates the need for an additional power source, simplifying the mechanical structure and reducing the failure rate. Simultaneously, the inner and outer cutting edge design of the excavating cutter significantly reduces digging resistance, and the cutting edge passes through a narrow groove on the stop block during rotation, forming a "groove-edge cooperation" structure that automatically scrapes away soil and debris. This self-cleaning design effectively prevents soil splashing and mechanism jamming, ensuring long-term stable operation of the device in complex farmland environments. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the overturning mechanism and the protective cover as a whole; Figure 3 A cross-sectional three-dimensional structural diagram of the turning mechanism and the protective cover; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional plan view of the overturning mechanism and the protective cover. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the reciprocating displacement mechanism in this invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0019] The numbers in the diagram represent: 1-Frame; 11-Support wheel; 12-Handrail; 13-Battery; 14-Walking motor; 2-Electric push rod; 3-Lifting frame; 41-Drive motor; 42-Cylinder; 43-Inner digging blade; 44-Inner narrow groove; 45-Outer digging blade; 46-Outer stop block; 47-Outer narrow groove; 48-Inner stop block; 5-Protective cover; 51-Optical axis; 521-Outer expansion part; 522-Inclined part; 53-Inclined plate; 54-Iron mesh; 55-Bent plate; 61-Disc; 62-Support plate; 63-Roller; 64-Arc-shaped protrusion; 65-Spring; 7-Air pipe; 71-First air nozzle; 72-Second air nozzle; 73-Air tank. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The above-mentioned and other technical features and advantages of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] This embodiment provides a technical solution: a soil tillage device with high-temperature soil disinfection function, such as... Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the device includes a frame 1 for support, with four support wheels 11 on its lower side. To automate the operation of the device, at least two of the support wheels 11 (preferably the two on the front or the two on the rear in this embodiment) are driven by a walking motor 14. The walking motor 14 serves as a power source, driving the support wheels 11 to rotate through a transmission mechanism (such as a reducer, chain, or gear set; the specific connection and performance of these mechanisms are prior art and will not be described in detail here). This enables the entire device to move independently, reducing the labor intensity of manual pushing.

[0022] A handrail 12 is installed on the rear side of the frame 1 in the forward direction. The end of the handrail 12 is designed with a crossbar for easy gripping, so that the operator can control the direction of travel of the device. A control switch is provided on the handrail 12, which is used to control the start, stop and speed adjustment of the travel motor 14.

[0023] A battery 13 is installed on the upper surface of the frame 1. The battery 13 is electrically connected to the control switch and the walking motor 14 via wires (the specific connection method and its effect are prior art and will not be described in detail here). The battery 13 not only provides power to the walking motor 14 of the walking system, but also provides energy to other functional components of the device. By operating the control switch on the handle 12, the operator can remotely or locally control the device to walk steadily in the farmland.

[0024] In addition, the frame 1 is equipped with two sets of 2, the lower end of which is connected to 3, and the 3 is equipped with a tilling mechanism, a protective cover, and a fire-burning mechanism. Through the telescopic movement of 2, the depth of the tilling mechanism into the soil can be adjusted according to the actual farming needs. The fire-burning mechanism, together with the protective cover, prevents the loss of high-temperature heat and soil splashing, thereby ensuring that the high-temperature disinfection effect is more concentrated and uniform.

[0025] The tilling mechanism rotates a digging tool mounted on the front center of the protective side plate 3 via a rotating shaft. A drive motor 41, which is powered by the rotating shaft, is fixed to the outside of the protective side plate 3. During operation, the drive motor 41 drives the digging tool in a clockwise direction (towards...). Figure 4 (Viewpoint for reference) High-speed rotation.

[0026] The specific structure of the excavating tool is as follows: a cylinder 42 is fixed on the outside of the rotating shaft, and multiple inner digging blades 43 are fixed on the outer circumference of the cylinder 42 in a ring-shaped distribution.

[0027] Furthermore, outer digging blades 45 are fixed to multiple inner digging blades 43, and the outer digging blades 45 are distributed in multiple groups along the axial direction of the cylinder 42. Each outer digging blade 45 includes an annular portion fixed to the inner digging blades 43, and multiple cutting edges extending radially outward from the annular portion. The technical advantage of this double-layer cutting blade design is that during excavation, the outer digging blades 45, located on the outside, first contact the ground to perform preliminary cutting and loosening of the hard soil, followed by deep excavation by the inner digging blades 43, thereby significantly reducing excavation resistance and improving soil turning efficiency.

[0028] To prevent soil from splashing out randomly during high-speed throwing and to protect the internal structure, an outer stop block 46 is provided on the front side of the excavating blade and an inner stop block 48 is provided on the rear side. Both ends of the outer stop block 46 and the inner stop block 48 are fixed to the protective side plates 3 on both sides.

[0029] Multiple outer narrow grooves 47 and inner narrow grooves 44 are respectively provided on the side of the outer stop block 46 and the inner stop block 48 near the cutter. During rotation, the cutting edge and the edge of the annular part of the outer digging blade 45 pass through the corresponding outer narrow grooves 47 and inner narrow grooves 44 respectively. This "groove-edge cooperation" structure plays a self-cleaning role, that is, the edge of the narrow groove scrapes away the mud and residue attached to the cutting edge, effectively preventing soil from splashing into the mechanism or causing the cutter to jam.

[0030] At least two parallel optical axes 51 are installed in the middle of the protective side plate 3. The protective cover 5 is slidably mounted on the optical axes 51 through linear bearings, so that it can reciprocate linearly along the axial direction of the optical axes 51.

[0031] The internal structure of the protective cover 5 is key to achieving high soil dispersion. Specifically, the upper end of the protective cover 5 has an upwardly extending and gradually widening outward expansion portion 521 for receiving soil thrown out by the excavating blade. Inside the protective cover 5, there is an inclined plate 53 with an iron mesh 54 (or sieve structure) embedded in it. On the lower side of the inclined plate 53, there is a bent plate 55 fixed to the cover body. The bent plate 55 has a downward inclined portion and an upward inclined portion connected to the upper end of the downward inclined portion, thereby forming a bent buffer channel inside the protective cover 5. The lower end of the protective cover 5 has an inclined portion 522 as the discharge point for the treated soil.

[0032] During operation, soil enters the enclosure from the outer expansion section 521 and slides down the inclined plate 53. At this time, the soil undergoes a diversion process: some soil particles with smaller diameters are screened down through the iron mesh 54 and fall onto the upper inclined section of the bent plate 55, where they undergo a secondary buffer collision before falling to the inclined section 522; other larger soil particles or impurities are directly guided down the inclined plate 53 to the inclined section 522. This multi-stage collision and screening logic, through the bent channel, effectively extends the residence time of the soil inside the enclosure, significantly improving the dispersion of the soil.

[0033] To avoid the risk of clogging due to excessive soil moisture or high impurity content, a reciprocating mechanism is installed on one side of the protective cover 5. During operation, the reciprocating mechanism drives the protective cover 5 to perform high-frequency lateral reciprocating movement along the optical axis 51. This vibration effect not only ensures that the soil can slide smoothly on the inclined plate 53 and the iron mesh 54, preventing material accumulation, but also further breaks up soil clods through vigorous shaking. After being refined and dispersed by the protective cover 5, the soil finally falls evenly to the ground in a loose state.

[0034] To achieve deep disinfection of the turned-up soil, the device also includes a fire-starting mechanism installed on the protective side plate 3. The fire-starting mechanism includes at least two air pipes 7, which pass through the protective cover 5. The protective cover 5 has through holes that match the shape and position of the air pipes 7 to ensure that there is no mechanical interference between the two during assembly and operation.

[0035] A gas storage tank 73 is installed on the upper surface of the frame 1. The gas storage tank 73 stores combustible gas, which is selected from at least one of natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, propane, butane, or biogas. Among them, the liquefied petroleum gas is preferably a mixture of propane and butane, which is convenient for pressurized liquefaction and storage at room temperature. The flame temperature generated during combustion can reach over 400°C, which is sufficient to kill pathogens, root-knot nematodes, and weed seeds in the soil.

[0036] The gas storage tank 73 is connected to multiple gas pipes 7 via gas pipelines to provide a continuous gas supply for disinfection operations. An igniter is installed on each gas pipe 7 to ignite the ejected gas and generate a high-temperature flame. The specific injection and disinfection logic is as follows: High-temperature circulating disinfection within the buffer channel: One air pipe 7 is located at the end of the buffer channel inside the protective cover 5. Multiple first air nozzles 71 are installed on this air pipe 7, evenly distributed along the axial direction of the air pipe 7, with their nozzles facing inwards towards the buffer channel. When the igniter ignites the gas ejected from the first air nozzles 71, the resulting flame extends along the bent-shaped channel. Due to the upward-rising characteristic of hot airflow, the generated high temperature is gradually transmitted upwards along the buffer channel, thus achieving comprehensive high-temperature disinfection of the soil throughout the entire channel. This design not only significantly extends the residence time of the soil in the high-temperature environment but also improves thermal energy utilization, ensuring thorough disinfection.

[0037] Deep soil disinfection: Another air pipe 7 is located inside the protective cover 5, and multiple rows of second air nozzles 72 are provided on the air pipe 7. The nozzles of the second air nozzles 72 are all oriented towards the ground. When the gas ejected from the second air nozzles 72 is ignited, the resulting high-temperature flame directly acts on the deep soil and trench bottom that has been turned over by the excavation tools.

[0038] Through the synergistic effect of the first jet nozzle 71 and the second jet nozzle 72, this device achieves a dual combination of "aerial dynamic disinfection" and "deep surface disinfection." The loosened soil, after being turned over, is subjected to the high-temperature heat flow generated by the first jet nozzle 71 as it passes through the buffer channel, while the exposed deep soil is directly treated by the spray from the second jet nozzle 72. This integrated disinfection method effectively solves the problem of operational blind spots caused by the separation of tilling and disinfection functions in existing technologies, greatly improving the efficiency of agricultural production and the effectiveness of disease prevention.

[0039] In order to achieve the automated reciprocating motion of the protective cover 5, this device is equipped with a clever reciprocating displacement mechanism, which uses the mechanical energy of the excavator cutting tool during rotation to convert it into the lateral vibration of the protective cover 5.

[0040] The specific structure of the reciprocating mechanism is as follows: A disc 61 is fixed on the shaft of the excavating tool. The disc 61 rotates synchronously with the shaft. At least one arc-shaped protrusion 64 is fixed on the outer surface of the disc 61. A stop plate 62 is fixed on the side of the protective cover 5. An elongated through hole is opened on the inner stop block 48. The stop plate 62 extends through the elongated through hole to a position close to the disc 61. A roller 63 is fixedly installed on the side of the stop plate 62 close to the disc 61. A spring 65 is installed between the protective cover 5 and the protective side plate 3. The spring 65 is in a pre-compressed state. The elastic force generated by the spring continuously drives the protective cover 5 to return to a lateral position away from the disc 61.

[0041] As the disc 61 rotates with the shaft, the arc-shaped protrusion 64 fixed on it rotates accordingly. When the arc-shaped protrusion 64 rotates to the position where it contacts the roller 63, due to the height of the protrusion, it pushes the roller 63 and the abutment plate 62 outward, thereby overcoming the resistance of the spring 65 and driving the entire protective cover 5 to shift to one side along the optical axis 51 and further compressing the spring 65. As the shaft continues to rotate, when the arc-shaped protrusion 64 passes the position of the roller 63 (i.e., the two are no longer in contact), the spring 65 instantly releases its compressive potential energy and uses its strong rebound force to push the protective cover 5 to quickly return to the other side. Because the digging tool is in a high-speed rotating state during operation, the arc-shaped protrusion 64 will periodically hit / release the roller 63, thereby causing the protective cover 5 to generate high-frequency reciprocating displacement in the lateral direction.

[0042] High-frequency vibration causes the sliding soil to bounce continuously on the inclined plate 53 and the iron mesh 54, effectively preventing the passage from being blocked by damp soil adhesion or weed accumulation. The vibration makes the soil spread more evenly in the buffer channel, increasing the contact area and contact frequency between the soil and the high-temperature flame generated by the first jet nozzle 71, significantly improving heat exchange efficiency and disinfection depth.

[0043] During operation, the walking motor (14) drives the support wheels (11) to make the frame (1) move on its own in the field, and the soil-digging depth of the tilling mechanism is adjusted by the electric push rod (2); then the drive motor (41) drives the digging blade to rotate at high speed, digging up the soil and throwing it backward into the movable protective cover (5). The soil slides down and disperses in the protective cover (5) along the buffer channel formed by the inclined plate (53) and the bent plate (55). At the same time, the reciprocating mechanism uses the disc (61) on the rotating shaft and the arc-shaped protrusion (64) to periodically push the roller (63) and the abutment plate (62), so that the protective cover (5) overcomes the spring (64). 5) The resistance along the optical axis (51) generates high-frequency transverse vibration, thereby preventing soil blockage and further improving the dispersion effect; during the soil falling and vibration process, the fire-burning mechanism supplies gas from the gas storage tank (73), and sprays flames along the channel through the first jet nozzle (71) located at the end of the buffer channel to cover the dynamically dispersed soil for high-temperature disinfection. At the same time, the second jet nozzle (72) sprays flames to directly disinfect the deep original soil exposed after the excavation. Finally, the disinfected soil falls back to the ground evenly through the inclined part (522) at the lower end of the protective cover (5), thereby realizing the integrated continuous operation of turning the soil and high-temperature disinfection.

[0044] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art will understand that many changes, modifications, and even equivalents can be made within the spirit and scope defined by the claims of the present invention, all of which will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil tillage device with high-temperature soil disinfection function, characterized in that, include: The frame (1) is used for movement and walking; The soil turning mechanism is installed on the front side of the frame (1) in the forward direction and is used to turn over the soil; A protective cover (5) is installed on the rear side of the frame (1) in the forward direction to receive and guide the soil turned up by the tilling mechanism; The fire-starting mechanism is installed on the rear side of the frame (1) in the forward direction and penetrates the protective cover (5) for high-temperature disinfection of the turned soil and deep original soil.

2. The tillage device with high-temperature soil disinfection function as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tilling mechanism includes a rotating shaft rotatably mounted on the frame (1) and a digging tool fixed on the rotating shaft. The digging tool includes a cylinder (42) fixed to the outside of the rotating shaft and multiple inner digging blades (43) fixed on the cylinder (42).

3. The tillage device with high-temperature soil disinfection function as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The excavating tool also includes an outer excavating blade (45) fixed on multiple inner excavating blades (43), and the outer excavating blades (45) are distributed in multiple groups along the axial direction of the cylinder (42).

4. The tillage device with high-temperature soil disinfection function as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The frame (1) is provided with an outer stop block (46) and an inner stop block (48) on the front and rear sides of the excavating cutter, respectively. The outer stop block (46) and the inner stop block (48) are respectively provided with an outer narrow groove (47) and an inner narrow groove (44) for the outer digging blade (45) to pass through.

5. The tillage device with high-temperature soil disinfection function as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The protective cover (5) has a buffer channel inside for dispersing and guiding the soil. The buffer channel includes an inclined plate (53) and a bent plate (55) located below the inclined plate (53). The inclined plate (53) is inlaid with an iron mesh (54) for screening the soil.

6. The tillage device with high-temperature soil disinfection function as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The fire-starting mechanism includes at least two air pipes (7), which are installed through the protective cover (5). One of the air pipes (7) is located at the end of the buffer channel inside the protective cover (5) and is provided with a first air nozzle (71) facing the inside of the buffer channel. The remaining air pipes (7) are located inside the protective cover (5) and are provided with a second air nozzle (72) facing the ground. Each of the air pipes (7) is provided with an igniter. The frame (1) is provided with an air storage tank (73) for supplying air to the air pipes (7).

7. The tilling device with high-temperature soil disinfection function as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The upper end of the protective cover (5) has an outwardly expanding portion (521) that extends upward and gradually widens, and the lower end of the protective cover (5) is provided with an inclined portion (522).

8. The tillage device with high-temperature soil disinfection function as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The protective cover (5) is slidably mounted on the frame (1) via the optical axis (51). The frame (1) is provided with a reciprocating retraction mechanism connected to the protective cover (5) for driving the protective cover (5) to reciprocate linearly along the optical axis (51).

9. The tillage device with high-temperature soil disinfection function as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The reciprocating mechanism includes a disc (61) fixed on the rotating shaft of the turning mechanism, an arc-shaped protrusion (64) provided on the disc (61), a stop plate (62) fixed on the side of the protective cover (5), and a roller (63) installed on the stop plate (62). A spring (65) for reciprocating is provided between the protective cover (5) and the frame (1).

10. A method for tilling soil with high-temperature disinfection function, applied to the tilling device as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The soil is turned over by the soil turning mechanism and the turned soil is thrown into the protective cover (5); S2: The soil in the protective cover (5) in a dynamic and dispersed state is disinfected at high temperature by the burning mechanism, and the deep original soil exposed after excavation is disinfected at high temperature. S3: The disinfected soil is guided back to the ground through the protective cover (5).

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