Side-by-side type safflower harvesting device

Abstract

The invention discloses a side-by-side type safflower harvesting device, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and comprises a rack and walking wheels arranged below the rack, the lower part of the rack is provided with a shifting tooth feeding mechanism used for centralizing and gathering safflower plants; the shifting tooth feeding mechanism comprises two sets of plant guiding assemblies and a first driving motor for driving the plant guiding assemblies; a plant inlet of the plant guide assembly is located at the front end of the rack and a plant outlet is located at the rear end of the rack; a plurality of picking mechanisms of which the heights can be independently adjusted are arranged at the upper part of the rack, the picking mechanisms are sequentially arranged in the direction from a plant guide inlet to a plant outlet, and collecting mechanisms which are in one-to-one correspondence with discharge ports of the picking mechanisms are respectively arranged on two sides of the rack; hub motors are arranged on the walking wheels; a control box is further installed on the machine frame and electrically connected with the hub motor, the picking mechanism and the first driving motor. The device is high in picking efficiency, can adapt to safflower plants with different growth periods and different heights, and is more thorough in harvesting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular relates to a side-by-side safflower harvesting device. Background Technology

[0002] Safflower, also known as safflower, thrives in warm, dry conditions and tolerates poor, cold soil. It is an important economic crop with multiple uses, including medicinal, edible, dye, oil, and fodder applications. Harvesting safflower threads is mostly done manually, resulting in low efficiency and high labor intensity. While some safflower thread harvesting equipment has been designed, most only target the threads on individual fruit heads, failing to meet the demands for efficient and rapid harvesting. Especially given the varying lengths and orientations of safflower branches and the diverse spatial distribution of fruit heads in natural growth conditions, existing equipment lacks adaptability and flexibility for harvesting safflower threads, making continuous and efficient harvesting difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a side-by-side safflower harvesting device.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, this invention provides a side-by-side safflower harvesting device, comprising a frame and wheels mounted below the frame. The frame is characterized by a toothed feeding mechanism at its lower part for straightening and gathering safflower plants, comprising two sets of plant guiding components and a first drive motor for driving the plant guiding components. The plant inlet of the plant guiding components is located at the front end of the frame, and the plant outlet is located at the rear end of the frame. Above each set of plant guiding components, the upper part of the frame is equipped with several independently adjustable harvesting mechanisms, arranged sequentially along the direction from the plant inlet to the plant outlet. Collection mechanisms corresponding to the discharge ports of each harvesting mechanism are located on both sides of the frame. Each wheel is equipped with a hub motor for driving the wheel's rotation. A control box is also mounted on the frame, electrically connected to the hub motor, the harvesting mechanism, and the first drive motor.

[0005] Preferably, the plant guiding assembly includes two parallel clamping units with a collection channel between them for the plant to pass through. Each clamping unit includes a guide tube, an upper fixing plate, a chain, a main sprocket, a secondary sprocket, teeth, a lower fixing plate, a connecting arm, and a transmission assembly. The guide tube is installed on the lower fixing plate near the collection channel and extends from the front end to the rear end of the collection channel. The upper fixing plate is connected to the upper fixing plate above the lower fixing plate via a connecting piece. The main sprocket and the secondary sprocket are horizontally arranged between the upper and lower fixing plates and are located at opposite ends of the clamping unit. The chain is sleeved between the main sprocket and the secondary sprocket, and the teeth are installed on the chain at equal intervals. The upper fixing plate has a through hole above the main sprocket. The transmission assembly passes through the through hole and is connected to the main sprocket. The transmission assembly is fixed to one end of the frame. The end of the upper fixing plate near the secondary sprocket is installed on the other end of the frame via a connecting arm. The transmission assembly is connected to the first drive motor.

[0006] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a first output shaft, a transmission box, and a second output shaft. The first output shaft is connected to the first drive motor via a reducer, the upper end of the second output shaft is connected to the first output shaft via the transmission box, and the lower end of the second output shaft is coaxially connected to the main sprocket.

[0007] Preferably, the harvesting mechanism is installed on the upper end of the frame via a first lifting mechanism. The first lifting mechanism includes a second drive motor, a vertical gear rack reducer, and a rack. The lower end of the rack is connected to the harvesting mechanism, and the upper end meshes with the vertical gear rack reducer. The second drive motor is connected to the gear in the vertical gear rack reducer, and the second drive motor is electrically connected to the control box.

[0008] Preferably, the harvesting mechanism includes at least one pair of rubber rollers, a collection bin, a fan, a discharge pipe, and a third drive motor; each pair of rubber rollers is installed below the collection bin, and each pair of rubber rollers is connected to the third drive motor via a synchronous belt; a through groove is provided at the bottom of the collection bin opposite to the position of each pair of rubber rollers, and the bright red stamens collected by the rubber rollers enter the collection bin through the through groove; the fan and the discharge pipe are respectively located on both sides of the collection bin and are both connected to the collection bin, the fan blows the bright red stamens in the collection bin into the discharge pipe, and the outlet of the discharge pipe faces the collection mechanism; the third drive motor and the fan are both electrically connected to the control box.

[0009] Preferably, the collecting mechanism includes a collection basket, a collection box, and a guide plate; the collection basket is mounted on the frame, the collection box is detachably placed in the collection basket with its opening facing upwards; the guide plate is vertically arranged on the frame and opposite to the discharge port of the picking mechanism, with the lower end of the guide plate located above the opening of the collection box.

[0010] Preferably, the guide plate has a U-shaped cross-section and a groove structure, with the upper end of the guide plate being closed.

[0011] Preferably, the guide plate has several small ventilation holes on its side wall.

[0012] Preferably, the frame includes an upper frame, a lower support, and a second lifting mechanism; the upper frame is composed of several longitudinal beams, cross beams, and a first column; the lower support is composed of a second column and a wheel frame; the second lifting mechanism is composed of a handwheel and a screw; the handwheel and the screw are coaxially connected; the upper end of the screw is rotatably connected to the upper end of the first column; the top end of the second column is screwed onto the screw; and the first column is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second column; at least one fastening bolt is provided on the side wall of the first column, and the fastening bolt passes through the side wall of the first column and rests on the outside of the second column.

[0013] Preferably, the frame is also provided with anti-collision bars on both sides, and the front and rear ends of the anti-collision bars are provided with arc-shaped guides.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Through two sets of lifting mechanisms, the initial distance and working height of the picking unit from the ground can be adjusted according to the overall growth height of the safflower plant, so as to better adapt to safflower plants with different growth cycles and have good adaptability; 2. The picking efficiency is high, and two rows of safflower plants can be picked simultaneously; 3. Safflower fruit balls of different heights in the same picking row can be picked more thoroughly, avoiding missed picking and achieving a high degree of picking completion. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the side-by-side safflower harvesting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the frame structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the second lifting mechanism on the frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tooth feeding mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the plant guiding component structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the picking mechanism and the first lifting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 7This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the harvesting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram, 1. Frame; 2. Wheels; 3. Hub motor; 4. Feeding mechanism; 5. Plant guiding assembly; 6. First drive motor; 7. First lifting mechanism; 8. Harvesting mechanism; 9. Collection mechanism; 10. Control box; 11. Upper frame; 12. Lower support; 13. Second lifting mechanism; 14. Longitudinal beam; 15. Crossbeam; 16. First column; 17. Second column; 18. Wheel frame; 19. Handwheel; 20. Screw; 21. Fastening bolt; 22. Clamping unit; 23. Harvesting channel; 24. Guide tube; 25. Upper fixing plate; 26. Chain; 27. 1. Main sprocket; 28. Secondary sprocket; 29. ​​Gear; 30. Lower fixed plate; 31. Connecting arm; 32. Transmission assembly; 33. Connecting piece; 34. First output shaft; 35. Transmission box; 36. Second output shaft; 37. Reducer; 38. Second drive motor; 39. Vertical gear rack reducer; 40. Rack; 41. Rubber roller; 42. Collection bin; 43. Fan; 44. Discharge pipe; 45. Third drive motor; 46. Through slot; 47. Storage basket; 48. Storage box; 49. Guide plate; 50. Ventilation hole; 51. Anti-collision bar; 52. Arc-shaped guide part. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual images. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent. To better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0025] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present patent. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the parallel safflower harvesting device provided by the present invention includes a frame 1 and traveling wheels 2 located below the frame 1. Each traveling wheel 2 is equipped with a hub motor 3 for driving the traveling wheel 2 to roll. The lower part of the upper frame 11 is provided with a toothed feeding mechanism 4 for straightening and gathering safflower plants. The toothed feeding mechanism 4 includes two sets of plant guiding components 5 and a first drive motor 6 for driving the plant guiding components 5. Above the plant guiding components 5, there are three picking mechanisms 8 installed on the upper end of the frame 1 via a first lifting mechanism 7. Each picking mechanism 8 can be independently height adjusted. The three picking mechanisms 8 are arranged sequentially along the direction from the plant inlet to the plant outlet. On both sides of the frame 1, there are collection mechanisms 9 corresponding to the discharge ports of each picking mechanism 8. A control box 10 is also installed on the frame 1. The control box 10 is electrically connected to the hub motor 3, the picking mechanism 8, and the first drive motor 6.

[0028] See Figure 2 , 3The frame 1 adopts a liftable structure: the frame 1 includes an upper frame 11, a lower support 12, and a second lifting mechanism 13; the upper frame 11 is composed of several longitudinal beams 14, cross beams 15, and a first column 16; the lower support 12 is composed of a second column 17 and a wheel frame 18; the second lifting mechanism 13 is composed of a handwheel 19 and a screw 20; the handwheel 19 and the screw 20 are coaxially connected; the upper end of the screw 20 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the first column 16; the top end of the second column 17 is screwed onto the screw 20; and the first column 16 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second column 17; at least one fastening bolt 21 is provided on the side wall of the first column 16; the fastening bolt 21 penetrates the side wall of the first column 16 and hits the outside of the second column 17. The frame 1 serves as the installation and load-bearing benchmark for the entire machine. It not only provides fixed support for various functional components such as the toothed feeding mechanism 4, the harvesting mechanism 8, and the first lifting mechanism 7, but also, through integrated wheels 2, enables stable movement of the entire machine along the safflower planting rows, providing a fundamental guarantee for continuous harvesting operations. Simultaneously, the adoption of a height-adjustable structure allows for adaptive adjustments based on the overall growth height of the safflower plants, thereby better matching the harvesting mechanism 8 with the overall height of the safflower plants. This effectively ensures improved harvesting efficiency and integrity at different growth stages.

[0029] like Figure 4 , 5As shown, in this embodiment, the two sets of plant guiding components 5 are driven by the same first drive motor 6. The plant guiding component 5 includes two parallel clamping units 22, with a collection channel 23 between the two clamping units 22 for the plant to pass through. Each clamping unit 22 includes a guide tube 24, an upper fixing plate 25, a chain 26, a main sprocket 27, a secondary sprocket 28, a tooth 29, a lower fixing plate 30, a connecting arm 31, and a transmission component 32; the guide tube 24 is installed on the side of the lower fixing plate 30 near the collection channel 23 and extends from the front end to the rear end of the collection channel 23; the upper fixing plate 25 is connected above the lower fixing plate 30 through a connecting piece 33; the main sprocket 27 and the secondary sprocket 28 are horizontally arranged between the upper fixing plate 25 and the lower fixing plate 30, and are located at both ends of the clamping unit 22; the chain 26 is sleeved between the main sprocket 27 and the secondary sprocket 28; the teeth 29 are installed on the chain 26 at equal intervals, and the teeth 29 are made of an elastic and wear-resistant material, such as rubber. The upper fixed plate 25 has a through hole above the main sprocket 27. The transmission assembly 32 passes through the through hole and is connected to the main sprocket 27. The transmission assembly 32 is fixed to one end of the frame 1. The end of the upper fixed plate 25 near the secondary sprocket 28 is mounted on the other end of the frame 1 via a connecting arm 31. The transmission assembly 32 is connected to the first drive motor 6. The transmission assembly 32 includes a first output shaft 34, a transmission box 35, and a second output shaft 36. The first output shaft 34 is connected to the first drive motor 6 via a reducer 37. The upper end of the second output shaft 36 is connected to the first output shaft 34 via the transmission box 35, and the lower end of the second output shaft 36 is coaxially connected to the main sprocket 27. The chain 26 drives the pick teeth 29 to move from the plant inlet to the plant outlet, which can gather the safflower plants entering the working area, thereby reducing the natural spatial distribution range of the safflower fruit balls, solving the problem of "missed picking" caused by messy plants, and improving the adaptability of the plants to the subsequent picking mechanism 8.

[0030] like Figure 6 , 7 As shown, the first lifting mechanism 7 includes a second drive motor 38, a vertical gear rack reducer 39, and a rack 40. The lower end of the rack 40 is connected to the picking mechanism 8, and the upper end meshes with the vertical gear rack reducer 39. The second drive motor 38 is connected to the gear in the vertical gear rack reducer 39, and the second drive motor 38 is electrically connected to the control box 10. The second drive motor 38 is driven by a servo motor. Through the precise extension and retraction control of the servo motor, the working height of the corresponding picking mechanism 8 can be independently adjusted, realizing "zonal coverage" of fruit balls of different heights in the same picking row by three picking units. Then, through the coordinated action of the three picking units, the blind picking of red flower fruit balls in the row without dead angles is completed, completely solving the problem that "a single picking height cannot adapt to fruit balls of multiple heights".

[0031] The harvesting mechanism 8 includes at least one pair of rubber rollers 41, a collection chamber 42, a fan 43, a discharge pipe 44, and a third drive motor 45. Each pair of rubber rollers 41 is installed below the collection chamber 42, and each pair of rubber rollers 41 is connected to the third drive motor 45 via a synchronous belt. A through groove 46 is provided at the bottom of the collection chamber 42 opposite to the position of each pair of rubber rollers 41. The bright red safflower filaments collected by the rubber rollers 41 enter the collection chamber 42 through the through groove 46. The fan 43 and the discharge pipe 44 are located on both sides of the collection chamber 42 and are connected to the collection chamber 42. The fan 43 blows the bright red safflower filaments in the collection chamber 42 into the discharge pipe 44, and the outlet of the discharge pipe 44 faces the collection mechanism 9. The third drive motor 45 and the fan 43 are both electrically connected to the control box 10.

[0032] See Figure 1 The collecting mechanism 9 includes a collection basket 47, a collection box 48, and a guide plate 49. The collection basket 47 is mounted on the frame 1, and the collection box 48 is detachably placed inside the collection basket 47 with its opening facing upwards. The guide plate 49 is vertically mounted on the frame 1 and faces the discharge port of the harvesting mechanism 8, with its lower end positioned above the opening of the collection box 48. The guide plate 49 has a U-shaped cross-section and is closed at its upper end. Furthermore, to better collect safflower filaments, several small ventilation holes 50 are provided on the side wall of the guide plate 49 to prevent the safflower filaments from being blown away by the wind. Further, to prevent this parallel safflower harvesting device from causing collision injuries to the operator or other objects, anti-collision bars 51 are provided on both sides of the frame 1, with arc-shaped guide portions 52 at both the front and rear ends of the anti-collision bars 51. The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A side-by-side safflower harvesting device, comprising a frame (1) and wheels (2) disposed below the frame (1), characterized in that, The lower part of the frame (1) is provided with a toothed feeding mechanism (4) for straightening and gathering safflower plants. The toothed feeding mechanism (4) has two sets of plant guiding components (5) and a first drive motor (6) for driving the plant guiding components (5). The plant inlet of the plant guiding component (5) is located at the front end of the frame (1), and the plant outlet is located at the rear end of the frame (1). The upper part of the frame (1) is provided with several independently adjustable picking mechanisms (8) above each set of plant guiding components (5). Several harvesting mechanisms (8) are arranged sequentially along the direction from the plant inlet to the plant outlet. The frame (1) is provided with collection mechanisms (9) on both sides corresponding to the discharge ports of each harvesting mechanism (8). Each walking wheel (2) is provided with a hub motor (3) to drive the walking wheel (2) to roll. The frame (1) is also equipped with a control box (10), which is electrically connected to the hub motor (3), the harvesting mechanism (8), and the first drive motor (6).

2. The side-by-side safflower harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plant guiding assembly (5) includes two parallel clamping units (22), with a collection channel (23) between the two clamping units (22) for the plant to pass through; each clamping unit (22) includes a guide tube (24), an upper fixing plate (25), a chain (26), a main sprocket (27), a secondary sprocket (28), a pawl (29), a lower fixing plate (30), a connecting arm (31), and a transmission assembly (32); the guide tube (24) is installed on the side of the lower fixing plate (30) near the collection channel (23) and extends from the front end to the rear end of the collection channel (23); the upper fixing plate (25) is connected above the lower fixing plate (30) by a connecting piece (33), and the main sprocket (27) and the secondary sprocket (28) The upper fixed plate (25) and the lower fixed plate (30) are respectively horizontally arranged between the upper fixed plate (25) and the lower fixed plate (30), and are respectively located at both ends of the clamping unit (22). The chain (26) is sleeved between the main sprocket (27) and the secondary sprocket (28). The teeth (29) are installed on the chain (26) at equal intervals. The upper fixed plate (25) has a through hole above the main sprocket (27). The transmission component (32) passes through the through hole and is connected to the main sprocket (27). The transmission component (32) is fixed at one end of the frame (1). The upper fixed plate (25) is installed at the other end of the frame (1) near the secondary sprocket (28) through the connecting arm (31). The transmission component (32) is connected to the first drive motor (6) for transmission.

3. A side-by-side safflower harvesting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission assembly (32) includes a first output shaft (34), a transmission box (35), and a second output shaft (36). The first output shaft (34) is connected to the first drive motor (6) through a reducer (37). The upper end of the second output shaft (36) is connected to the first output shaft (34) through the transmission box (35), and the lower end of the second output shaft (36) is coaxially connected to the main sprocket (27).

4. A side-by-side safflower harvesting device according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The picking mechanism (8) is installed on the upper end of the frame (1) via a first lifting mechanism (7). The first lifting mechanism (7) includes a second drive motor (38), a vertical gear rack reducer (39), and a rack (40). The lower end of the rack (40) is connected to the picking mechanism (8), and the upper end meshes with the vertical gear rack reducer (39). The second drive motor (38) is connected to the gear in the vertical gear rack reducer (39), and the second drive motor (38) is electrically connected to the control box (10).

5. A side-by-side safflower harvesting device according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The harvesting mechanism (8) includes at least one pair of rubber rollers (41), a collection chamber (42), a fan (43), a discharge pipe (44), and a third drive motor (45); each pair of rubber rollers (41) is installed below the collection chamber (42), and each pair of rubber rollers (41) is connected to the third drive motor (45) via a synchronous belt; a through groove (46) is provided at the bottom of the collection chamber (42) opposite to the position of each pair of rubber rollers (41), through which fresh fruit collected by the rubber rollers (41) passes. Safflower filaments enter the collection chamber (42) through the channel (46); the blower (43) and the discharge pipe (44) are located on both sides of the collection chamber (42) and are connected to the collection chamber (42). The blower (43) blows the safflower filaments in the collection chamber (42) into the discharge pipe (44). The outlet of the discharge pipe (44) faces the collection mechanism (9); the third drive motor (45) and the blower (43) are electrically connected to the control box (10).

6. A side-by-side safflower harvesting device according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The collecting mechanism (9) includes a collection basket (47), a collection box (48), and a guide plate (49); the collection basket (47) is mounted on the frame (1), the collection box (48) is detachably placed in the collection basket (47) and the opening of the collection box (48) faces upward; the guide plate (49) is vertically arranged on the frame (1) and is opposite to the discharge port of the picking mechanism (8), and the lower end of the guide plate (49) is located above the opening of the collection box (48).

7. A side-by-side safflower harvesting device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The guide plate (49) is a U-shaped groove structure, and the upper end of the guide plate (49) is closed.

8. A side-by-side safflower harvesting device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The guide plate (49) has several small ventilation holes (50) on its side wall.

9. A side-by-side safflower harvesting device according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The frame (1) includes an upper frame (11), a lower support (12), and a second lifting mechanism (13). The upper frame (11) is composed of several longitudinal beams (14), cross beams (15), and a first column (16). The lower support (12) is composed of a second column (17) and a wheel frame (18). The second lifting mechanism (13) is composed of a handwheel (19) and a screw (20). The handwheel (19) and the screw (20) are coaxially connected. The upper end of the screw (20) is rotatably connected to the upper end of the first column (16). The top end of the second column (17) is screwed onto the screw (20). The first column (16) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second column (17). At least one fastening bolt (21) is provided on the side wall of the first column (16). The fastening bolt (21) passes through the side wall of the first column (16) and rests on the outside of the second column (17).

10. A side-by-side safflower harvesting device according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The frame (1) is also provided with anti-collision bars (51) on both sides, and the front and rear ends of the anti-collision bars (51) are provided with arc-shaped guide parts (52).

Images