Rose moisturizing planting device and planting method
By using an alternating suction and drainage isolation trough and precise water management design, the problems of low root drainage efficiency and frequent water replenishment and drainage in rose planting devices are solved, achieving root aeration and water uniformity, and reducing the risk of disease.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-14
AI Technical Summary
Existing rose planting devices have low root drainage efficiency, leading to root rot problems. Furthermore, the frequent watering and drainage are difficult to balance, making it difficult to meet the diverse water management needs of roses.
The design employs an alternating suction and drainage isolation trough, with alternating water absorption and drainage soil layers, combined with overflow and drain pipes, to achieve precise water management and prevent roots from being soaked for extended periods.
Ensure that the root system has sufficient water while maintaining a well-ventilated environment, reduce the time of oxygen deficiency, lower the risk of disease, and improve root health and the stability of the growth environment.
Smart Images
Figure CN121844941A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of flower cultivation, and in particular to a rose moisture-retaining planting device and planting method. Background Technology
[0002] Roses, as important ornamental plants and cut flowers, occupy a significant position in the global horticulture industry. Their growth and development are extremely sensitive to water conditions, requiring very precise water management. However, in actual cultivation, water management faces multiple technical challenges, and existing solutions are insufficient to simultaneously meet the diverse water needs of roses.
[0003] First, rose leaves and flowers are extremely sensitive to liquid water. On the one hand, rose leaves and flowers should avoid direct contact with liquid water; otherwise, residual water droplets can easily become a breeding ground for pathogenic spores, leading to serious diseases such as black spot and gray mold. Black spot and gray mold are the two most common and damaging fungal diseases in rose cultivation. Numerous studies have shown a positive correlation between the occurrence of these two diseases and the duration of free water on the surface of leaves and flowers; black spot spores require water splashes for dispersal, while gray mold spores have the highest germination rate when the relative humidity is above 90% and there is a film of liquid water on the leaf surface. Therefore, avoiding water splashing onto rose leaves and flowers during watering is the primary issue in cutting off the disease transmission route at its source.
[0004] Secondly, the physiological characteristics of rose roots place higher demands on water management. On the one hand, rose roots require both ample water supply and a well-aerated environment; prolonged immersion in water leads to oxygen deficiency and root rot. Roses are shallow-rooted plants, with their roots mainly concentrated within the top 10-30cm of soil. The most active water-absorbing area is the capillary root, which is extremely sensitive to oxygen deficiency. Studies have shown that at water temperatures above 25℃, capillary roots begin to suffer irreversible damage after immersion in water for more than 2 hours, and after 6 hours, large-scale rot and death occur. Meanwhile, although the taproot and large lateral roots are slightly more tolerant of oxygen deficiency, once damaged, plant recovery is extremely difficult. More importantly, the root-stem junction is the most sensitive "life-sustaining hub" of the entire plant. The cortical cells in this area are actively dividing and require a relatively dry environment; prolonged moisture easily leads to stem rot, causing the entire plant to die.
[0005] Secondly, there is an inherent contradiction between the uniformity of soil moisture distribution and its permeability. An ideal rhizosphere environment requires the soil matrix to maintain sufficient moisture for root absorption while ensuring that the macropores are filled with air for root respiration. This state of "water and air synergy" usually requires the soil moisture content to be maintained between 60% and 70%, with the soil matrix in a state of "moist but not waterlogged".
[0006] In summary, existing rose planting devices mainly suffer from low root drainage efficiency, inability to quickly drain excess gravity water after irrigation, prolonged soaking time of capillary roots leading to root rot, and the need for frequent watering and drainage to ensure high soil moisture content and aeration required for roses. This invention designs a rose moisture-retaining planting device and planting method. Summary of the Invention
[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rose moisture-retaining planting device and planting method, which can solve the problems of low root drainage efficiency leading to root rot and frequent watering and drainage as mentioned above.
[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: This invention relates to a rose moisture-retaining planting device, comprising a moisture-retaining planting box and an alternating suction and drainage isolation trough. Its purpose is to construct the main framework and core functional layer, providing a foundation for the subsequent water supply, drainage, and ventilation structures. The bottom of the moisture-retaining planting box is equipped with an alternating suction and drainage isolation trough; its purpose is to integrate the core structure for water and air regulation into the bottom of the moisture-retaining planting box, achieving water management from the source and avoiding interference with the surface layer. Several isolation slots are arranged in a sequential array on the alternating suction and drainage isolation trough; its purpose is to divide the interior of the alternating suction and drainage isolation trough into multiple independent functional units through an array layout, allowing for the alternating arrangement of different media to achieve uniform water absorption and drainage. The alternating drainage and absorption isolation trough consists of several isolation openings sequentially filled with an absorbent layer and a drainage soil layer. The interior of the moisture-retaining planting box is filled with a soil matrix above the alternating drainage and absorption isolation trough. This soil matrix includes peat, coarse coconut coir, and perlite, providing good aeration and capillary water absorption. It provides a medium for rose root growth, and its loose, breathable physical properties, combined with the alternating drainage and absorption isolation trough at the bottom, create an ideal rhizosphere environment. An overflow pipe and a water supply pipe are fixedly connected from top to bottom inside the moisture-retaining planting box for precise control of the irrigation water level. The upper limit is designed to prevent over-irrigation and the inability to drain water in time. The water supply pipe, as one of the main irrigation water input channels, introduces water into the interior. The water supply pipe is fixedly connected to a water pump to provide water pressure and power, enabling automated or semi-automated water supply operation. Drainage outlets are provided on both sides of the isolation trench filled with drainage soil layer, and each drainage outlet on the same side is fixedly connected to a drainage pipe. The purpose is to establish a dedicated rapid drainage channel for the drainage soil layer. When gravity water accumulates in this layer, it can be quickly discharged to the outside of the box through the side drainage pipe, significantly shortening the root soaking time. Drainage outlets are provided on the bottom wall of each isolation trench, and each drainage outlet is fixedly connected to a drainage pipe. The purpose is to prevent water from accumulating at the bottom of the isolation trench and forming a stagnant water zone, and to provide the ultimate drainage path for the bottom layer. Even if a small amount of water seeps to the bottom of the trench, it can be completely drained through the drainage pipe. The drainage outlets and drainage pipes are designed for periodic drainage to prevent the formation of stagnant water zones. Valves are installed on the overflow pipe, water supply pipe, drainage pipe, and drain pipe. By combining the opening and closing of the valves, the moisture-retaining planting box can be flexibly controlled to be in different states such as "water intake", "soaking", "draining" and "draining", so as to achieve precise step-by-step control of the irrigation process.
[0009] The alternating design of the suction and drainage isolation trough, with its water-absorbing layer and drainage soil layer, ensures that the water absorption and drainage functions work in close coordination in space. The water-absorbing layer draws water upwards from the lower part of the soil, utilizing capillary action, while the drainage soil layer acts as a channel for the rapid drainage of water by gravity. Together, they ensure uniform soil moisture and efficient drainage in the upper layer. When irrigation is complete, the first step is to drain the soil layer to quickly remove gravity water from the large pores in the moisture-retaining planting box. This prevents root rot caused by prolonged soaking of fine roots due to low drainage efficiency. The large pores also improve the internal aeration of the roots, especially reducing cortical rot caused by low oxygen tolerance in the root collar. The water-absorbing layer acts as a reservoir, continuously replenishing the fine pores in the soil matrix with water through capillary action and moisture vapor, slowing down the rate of water loss and increasing aeration for the root collar, fine roots, and taproot of the rose plant. Finally, by reducing the frequency of watering and drainage cycles, the duration of oxygen deficiency is reduced.
[0010] A method for cultivating roses using a moisture-retaining cultivation device includes the following steps: S01. Plant the roses in the soil substrate inside the moisture-retaining planting box; S02. Start the water pump to supply water to the water supply pipe; at this time, the valves on the water supply pipe and the overflow pipe are in the open state; the valves on the drain pipe and the drip pipe are in the closed state. S03. When water supply is completed or the overflow pipe begins to overflow, turn off the water pump; the valve on the drain pipe is in the open state, and the valve on the water supply pipe is in the closed state. S04. When the moisture content of the soil substrate in the moisture-retaining planting box is lower than the optimal lower limit, repeat steps S02-S03.
[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water supply pipe is laid above the top surface of the soil substrate, using a top-laying method, which facilitates installation and maintenance, allows for rapid water addition, and facilitates observation of water flow. First splash guards are hinged to the inner edges of the top two sides of the moisture-retaining planting box, and limit support blocks are fixedly installed at the hinge points on the inner wall of the moisture-retaining planting box. The first splash guards can be flipped inward and fixed by the limit support blocks, forming a large portion of the shield, preventing most of the water from splashing onto the leaves and flowers during top water supply, thus physically cutting off the disease transmission route. A limit switch is also fixedly installed on the top surface of the limit support block, and the limit switch is electrically connected to the water pump. The purpose is to construct a safety interlock mechanism: the water pump circuit can only be connected when the first splash guard is flipped to the shielding position and triggers the limit switch; otherwise, the water pump cannot start. A row of second splash guards is hinged to the top surface of each of the first splash guards, and clearance slots are opened on the opposite inner sides of each of the two second splash guards. The first splash guard is made of wood, which is sturdy, durable and of moderate density; the second splash guard is made of L-shaped foam board, and the hinge is located at the right angle of the second splash guard; the foam material is lightweight and friendly to plant stems, and is not prone to mechanical damage.
[0012] A method for cultivating roses using a moisture-retaining cultivation device includes the following steps: T01. Plant the roses in the soil substrate inside the moisture-retaining planting box; T02. The first splash guard is hinged inward and flipped from a vertical position to a horizontal position, and supported by a limiting support block; at the same time, the limiting switch is opened. T03. Move and flip the two rows of second splash guards located on both sides of the rose one by one, so that the clearance slots on the second splash guards are aligned with the main stem of the rose. T04. After all the second splash guards have been moved, start the water pump; with the limit switch in the open position, turn on the start switch and the water pump will supply water to the water supply pipe; at this time, the valve on the overflow pipe is in the open position; the valves on the drain pipe and the drip pipe are in the closed position. T05. When water supply is completed or the overflow pipe begins to overflow, turn off the water pump; the valve on the drain pipe is in the open position. T06. When the moisture content of the soil substrate in the moisture-retaining planting box is lower than the optimal lower limit, repeat steps T04-T05.
[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each isolation slot at the bottom of the alternating suction and discharge isolation trough is fixedly connected to a water replenishment trough; an additional water replenishment trough is added below the alternating suction and discharge isolation trough to form an "underground reservoir," utilizing capillary action to achieve long-term, stable bottom water supply, further enhancing the device's water storage and self-regulating capabilities; a cylindrical trough is uniformly and fixedly connected to the central area of the bottom wall of each isolation slot; each cylindrical trough has water absorption through holes on its surface, and the interior of the cylindrical trough is filled with asbestos board; its function is... The design features a concave cylindrical trough filled with asbestos boards, allowing for capillary action to supply water to a certain height within the trough. A transparent water level pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the trough, enabling real-time observation of water level changes inside the moisture-retaining planting box. The trough is also fixedly connected to an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe. A second water pressure gauge is fixedly installed on the inlet pipe, and valves are installed on both the inlet and outlet pipes. The supply and inlet pipes are fixedly connected to a water pump via a T-junction.
[0014] Traditional top-sprinkler or watering methods not only easily splash leaves but also lead to excessively wet surface soil. If the surface soil remains in a high-humidity state for a long period, it creates ideal conditions for powdery mildew, as the conidia of powdery mildew fungi have the highest germination rate in the relatively humid surface microenvironment. Therefore, a preferred embodiment of this invention involves laying the water supply pipe below the top surface of the soil substrate. The purpose is to prevent irrigation of the surface soil, thus avoiding a high-humidity state and significantly reducing the likelihood of powdery mildew. The bottom of the overflow pipe is located below the top surface of the soil substrate, and the top of the overflow pipe is located above the top surface of the soil substrate. Therefore, the overflow pipe can begin overflowing from below the top surface of the soil substrate, and even if the water level unexpectedly rises above the top surface of the soil substrate, it can quickly overflow and achieve rapid drainage. Each water supply inlet is fixedly connected to a hook-shaped water supply branch pipe. The inlet of each water supply branch pipe faces downwards, and a first filter screen is fixed at the inlet of each water supply branch pipe. The first filter screen is used to return soil and prevent blockage of the water supply branch pipe; the inner ends of the overflow pipe, drain pipe and drain outlet are all fixed with a second filter screen. The filter screens at all drain outlets and overflow outlets can prevent soil particles, roots or debris from entering the pipeline system with the water flow, avoid pipe blockage and ensure the long-term smooth flow of the drainage system; a first water pressure gauge is fixedly installed on the water supply pipe.
[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the absorbent layer is made of floral foam or asbestos board, and a layer of absorbent felt is provided at the bottom of the absorbent layer. Floral foam and asbestos board have extremely strong capillary water absorption capacity, which can efficiently attract and transport water from the lower part to the upper soil layer. The addition of absorbent felt at the bottom can further increase the uniformity and continuity of water absorption, form a gradient capillary water supply, and also prevent floral foam from falling from the drain into the water replenishment tank and prevent debris from contaminating the lower water storage space. The drainage soil layer is made of expanded clay or large gravel. Expanded clay and gravel particles are large and have many pores, so they cannot rely on capillary action to retain water. Therefore, they can act as a rapid water-conducting layer. Excess gravity water will preferentially flow away from these large pores, thereby ensuring the air permeability of the upper substrate.
[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer wall of the moisture-retaining planting box is also fixedly equipped with a misting frame and an ultrasonic misting module mounted on the misting frame. Its design function is to introduce air humidification, creating a humid microclimate around the rose leaves, effectively alleviating leaf transpiration, which is especially beneficial to plant growth during dry seasons. The misting frame has an L-shaped structure, and a mist outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the misting outlet of the ultrasonic misting module. The mist outlet pipe has evenly spaced mist outlets. The L-shaped structure allows the mist outlet pipe and mist outlets to be positioned above the side of the box, enabling better diffusion of the generated mist. The mist is distributed into the air around the plants; the misting pipe guides and evenly distributes the fine water mist among the plants, avoiding uneven humidification; a fan is fixedly installed at one end of the humidifying planting box to blow the ultrasonic atomizing module, which disperses the water into fine mist through high-frequency vibration. The fan is a low-speed micro-fan used to generate an airflow that allows the water mist to diffuse slowly; the micro-airflow generated by the fan blows the fine mist generated by the ultrasonic atomizing module to a wider area, promoting air circulation, so that the water mist can evaporate quickly after contact with the leaves, avoiding the formation of water droplets, thereby increasing air humidity while effectively controlling the risk of disease.
[0017] A method for cultivating roses using a moisture-retaining cultivation device includes the following steps: W01. Plant the roses in the soil substrate inside the moisture-retaining planting box; W02. Start the water pump to supply water to the inlet pipe. Since water is supplied from the water replenishment tank, there is no need to consider soil erosion. Water will be supplied quickly at normal water pressure. This process is short. At this time, the valves on the inlet pipe, overflow pipe and drain pipe are open. The valves on the supply pipe, drain pipe and outlet pipe are closed. Proceed to step W03 or W04. W03. After the water replenishment tank is filled, open the valve on the water supply pipe and close the valve on the inlet pipe. At this time, water is supplied to the soil substrate in the moisture-retaining planting box through the water supply pipe. This is to first supply water to the water replenishment tank and then replenish the soil substrate through the water supply pipe after it is full. The purpose is to reduce the contamination of the water replenishment tank by bacteria and other stains in the soil substrate. W04. When the moisture-retaining planting box and water replenishment tank have finished supplying water or the overflow pipe starts to overflow, the water pump is turned off; the valves on the drain pipe and the drip pipe are in the open state; the valves on the water supply pipe, the inlet pipe, and the outlet pipe are in the closed state. W05. When the moisture content of the soil substrate in the moisture-retaining planting box is lower than the optimal lower limit, repeat steps W02 and W04; or repeat steps W02, W03 and W04.
[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention achieves the "water-air synergy" function of the rhizosphere environment through the core design of the "alternating suction and drainage isolation trench". The device alternates between a water-absorbing layer with strong water absorption and a drainage soil layer with rapid drainage, and combines the precise water level control of the overflow pipe. This allows the device to continuously supply water upward through capillary action, and quickly drain excess gravity water through the drainage pipe and the drain pipe, ensuring that the roots are always in a loose and breathable environment while obtaining sufficient water.
[0019] 2. The present invention, through the safety interlocking design of the hinged first splash guard, the second splash guard, and the limit switch, ensures that the first splash guard must be in place before the water pump can start when the top water supply is performed. This eliminates the possibility of water splashing onto the leaves and flowers due to forgetting to flip the first splash guard, thus cutting off the transmission route of black spot disease and gray mold from the source.
[0020] 3. This invention ensures that the highest water level during irrigation is far below the root-stem junction of the rose by laying the water supply pipe below the top surface of the soil substrate and setting the bottom of the overflow pipe below the top surface of the soil substrate, thus keeping the top 3-5cm of the surface soil dry at all times. This design directly targets the root cause of root collar rot and powdery mildew, creating an environment unfavorable to the growth of pathogens.
[0021] 4. This invention utilizes a dual-channel water supply design to achieve a dual-channel water supply mode, consisting of a top water supply pipe and a bottom water replenishment trough, which can be flexibly switched via valves. The water replenishment trough is designed to function as an "underground reservoir," and in conjunction with the capillary action of the water absorption layer, it can automatically replenish the soil substrate with water for a relatively long period of time. Even if watering is forgotten, the soil moisture can be maintained for a certain period of time, providing a cultivation function with strong adaptability and a high tolerance for errors.
[0022] 5. This invention, through the integrated ultrasonic atomization module and fan design, can generate and diffuse extremely fine water mist, effectively increasing the air humidity around the plant; because the water mist particles are extremely small and evaporate quickly under the action of the fan, they will not form water droplets on the leaf surface, thus achieving air humidification while avoiding the risk of diseases induced by wet leaves; it has adjustable air humidity, ensuring the required humidity for the leaves while also achieving the effect of keeping the leaves dry. Attached Figure Description
[0023] Figure 1 This is a structural perspective view of a rose moisturizing planting device provided by the present invention in Embodiment 1; Figure 2 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of a rose moisturizing planting device provided by the present invention in Embodiment 1; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rose moisture-retaining planting device provided by the present invention in the pre-irrigation state in Embodiment 2; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the rose moisture-retaining planting device provided by the present invention in Embodiment 2 during irrigation. Figure 5 This is a top view of the rose moisture-retaining planting device provided by the present invention in Embodiment 2, in the state of irrigation. Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the first and second splash guards provided by the present invention in Embodiment 2 from an outside view. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rose moisture-retaining planting device provided by the present invention in Embodiment 3; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the moisture-retaining planting box, atomizing frame, ultrasonic atomizing module, and fan provided by the present invention in Embodiment 3; Figure 9 This is a top view of the structure of a rose moisturizing planting device provided by the present invention in Embodiment 3.
[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Moisturizing planting box; 101. Soil substrate; 102. Overflow pipe; 103. Water supply pipe; 104. First splash guard; 1041. Limit support block; 1042. Limit switch; 105. Second splash guard; 1051. Clearance slot; 106. Water supply branch pipe; 2. Alternating suction and drainage isolation trough; 201. Isolation slot; 202. Water absorption layer; 203. Drainage soil layer; 204. Drainage pipe; 205. Drainage pipe; 3. Water replenishment trough; 301. Water inlet pipe; 302. Water outlet pipe; 4. Atomizing frame; 5. Ultrasonic atomizing module; 501. Mist outlet pipeline; 6. Fan. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
[0026] Example 1
[0027] Please see Figures 1 to 2 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a rose moisture-retaining planting device, including a moisture-retaining planting box 1 and an alternating suction and drainage isolation trough 2. The moisture-retaining planting box 1 is provided with an alternating suction and drainage isolation trough 2 at its bottom, and the moisture-retaining planting box 1 and the alternating suction and drainage isolation trough 2 are an integrated structure. Eighteen isolation slots 201 are arranged in sequence on the alternating suction and drainage isolation trough 2, and the depth of the isolation slots 201 is 10cm-15cm. Through the array layout, the interior of the alternating suction and drainage isolation trough 2 is divided into eighteen independent functional units so that different media can be arranged alternately to achieve uniform water absorption and drainage effects. The alternating suction and drainage isolation trough 2 is alternately filled with a water-absorbing layer 202 and a drainage soil layer 203 in sequence within the eighteen isolation slots 201. Its design function is to use the "alternating" design to make the water absorption and drainage functions closely coordinated in space. The interior of the moisture-retaining planting box 1 is filled with soil substrate 101 above the alternating drainage and absorption isolation groove 2. In this embodiment, the preferred ratio of soil substrate 101 is peat:coarse coconut coir:perlite = 4:3:3, and the thickness is about 25cm to ensure its looseness and breathability. It has good air permeability and good capillary water absorption effect, but it is slightly worse than pure peat in terms of capillary water absorption. This is to achieve the best balance between air permeability and capillary water absorption. The absorbent layer 202 is made of floral foam or asbestos board, and the bottom layer of the absorbent layer 202 is also equipped with an absorbent felt. Floral foam and asbestos board have extremely strong capillary water absorption capacity, which can efficiently attract and transport water from the lower part to the upper soil. The function of adding an absorbent felt at the bottom layer can further increase the uniformity and continuity of water absorption, form a gradient capillary water supply, and also prevent floral foam from falling from the drain into the water replenishment tank 3 and prevent debris from contaminating the lower water storage space. The drainage soil layer 203 is made of ceramsite with a particle size of about 2-3 cm. Ceramsite particles are large and have many pores, so they cannot hold water by capillary action. Therefore, they can act as a rapid water conduction layer. Excess gravity water will preferentially flow away from these large pores, thereby ensuring the air permeability of the upper substrate.
[0028] Among them, such as Figure 1As shown, the moisture-retaining planting box 1 has an overflow pipe 102 about 8cm below the top surface of the soil substrate 101, and the top of the overflow pipe 102 is at least 2cm above the top surface of the soil substrate 101. The overflow pipe 102 is an elliptical pipe placed horizontally with a height difference of not less than 10cm. Its cross-section is an elliptical overflow pipe. When the irrigation water level rises to this height, excess water will flow out from the overflow pipe 102, thereby ensuring that the surface soil remains dry and protecting the root and stem junction of the rose. Even if the water level accidentally rises above the top surface of the soil substrate 101, it can still quickly overflow and achieve rapid drainage. The planter box 1 is fixedly connected to a water supply pipe 103, which serves as one of the main irrigation water input channels, bringing water into the box. The water supply pipe 103 is fixedly connected to a water pump, which provides water pressure and power to achieve automated or semi-automated water supply operation. The isolation groove 201 filled with drainage soil layer 203 has drainage outlets on both sides, and the drainage outlets on the same side are fixedly connected to a drainage pipe 204. The drainage pipe 204 establishes a dedicated fast drainage channel for drainage soil layer 203. When gravity water accumulates in this layer, it can be quickly discharged to the outside of the box through the side drainage pipe 204, significantly shortening the root soaking time. Each isolation trough 201 has a drain outlet with an outer diameter of 0.5cm-1.5cm on its inner bottom wall, and each drain outlet is fixedly connected to a drain pipe 205. The purpose of this is to prevent water from accumulating at the bottom of the isolation trough 201 and forming a stagnant water zone, and to provide the ultimate drainage path at the bottom layer. Even if a small amount of water seeps to the bottom of the trough, it can be completely drained through the drain pipe. The drain outlets and drain pipes 205 are designed to periodically drain water and prevent the formation of stagnant water zones. Valves are installed on the overflow pipe 102, water supply pipe 103, drainage pipe 204, and drain pipe 205. By combining the opening and closing of the valves, the moisture-retaining planting box 1 can be flexibly controlled to be in different states such as "water inlet", "soaking", "draining", and "draining", so as to achieve precise step-by-step control of the irrigation process.
[0029] The absorbent layer 202 draws water upwards from the lower layer, utilizing capillary action, while the drainage soil layer 203 acts as a channel for rapid drainage by gravity. Together, they ensure uniform soil moisture and efficient drainage. The floral foam, made with phenolic foam sponge, possesses extremely strong capillary absorption capacity; when saturated with water, its weight can reach more than 40 times its own weight, with a capillary rise height exceeding 30 cm. Simultaneously, peat and coconut coir both exhibit excellent capillary properties, and the soil matrix 101, with peat and coconut coir as its main components, also demonstrates excellent conductivity. This means that floral foam can transport water to the soil substrate 101, which is about 20cm thick in height. The effective lateral diffusion distance of the soil substrate 101 is 10cm-15cm. Calculated along the center line of the alternating suction and drainage isolation trough 2, the optimal length range of the water absorption layer 202 is 15cm-25cm. The optimal length range of the drainage soil layer 203 is also 15cm-25cm. The bottom of the drainage soil layer 203 should be designed with a 1-2% slight slope to guide gravity water to converge towards the drainage pipes 204 on both sides.
[0030] The technical principle of this embodiment is as follows: When irrigation is completed, the drainage soil layer 203 firstly drains the gravity water in the large pores of the moisture-retaining planting box 1 quickly, avoiding the problem of root rot caused by long soaking time of capillary roots due to low drainage efficiency. The large pore air channels required for root respiration also improve its internal permeability, especially reducing the cortical rot caused by low oxygen tolerance of the root neck. The water absorption layer 202, as a water storage pool, continuously replenishes water to the fine pores in the soil matrix 101 through capillary absorption and water vapor, reducing the rate of water content reduction and increasing the permeability of the root neck, capillary roots, and main roots of the rose plant. Furthermore, by reducing the frequency of water replenishment and drainage cycles, the duration of oxygen deficiency is reduced.
[0031] A method for cultivating roses using a moisture-retaining cultivation device includes the following steps: S01. Plant the roses in the soil substrate 101 inside the moisture-retaining planting box 1; S02, Start the water pump to supply water to the water supply pipe 103; at this time, the valves on the water supply pipe 103 and the overflow pipe 102 are in the open state; the valves on the drain pipe 204 and the drain pipe 205 are in the closed state. S03. When water supply is completed or overflow pipe 102 begins to overflow, turn off the water pump; the valve on drain pipe 204 is in the open state, and the valve on water supply pipe 103 is in the closed state. S04. When the moisture content of the soil substrate 101 in the moisture-retaining planting box 1 is lower than the optimal lower limit, repeat steps S02-S03.
[0032] The water inlet phase should be controlled within 10-30 minutes (depending on the pump flow rate and tank size); the high water level holding phase should be kept as short as possible, ideally ≤30 minutes; the drainage phase should be controlled within 10-30 minutes (depending on the unobstructed flow of drain pipe 204 and drain pipe 205); and the total cycle time should be controlled within ≤1 hour. If the entire “water inlet-drain” cycle can be completed within 1 hour, capillary root damage can be completely avoided, while the main root and root collar are almost unaffected.
[0033] Example 2
[0034] A more preferred technical solution based on Embodiment 1 is as follows: Please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 3 to 6As shown, the water supply pipe 103 is laid on the top surface of the soil substrate 101. The top-laying method is convenient for installation and maintenance, allows for rapid water filling, and facilitates observation of water flow. An overflow pipe 102 is fixedly installed above the water supply pipe 103, and the overflow pipe 102 adopts a circular pipe structure. The inner wall edges on both sides of the top of the moisture-retaining planting box 1 are hinged with first splash guards 104, and the inner wall of the moisture-retaining planting box 1 is fixedly installed with limit support blocks 1041 at the hinges. The first splash guards can be flipped inward and fixed by the limit support blocks to form most of the shielding, preventing most of the water from splashing onto the leaves and flowers when water is supplied from the top, thus physically cutting off the disease transmission route. A limit switch 1042 is also fixedly installed on the top surface of the limit support block 1041, and the limit switch 1042 is electrically connected to the water pump. This forms a safety interlock mechanism. The water pump circuit can only be connected when the first splash guard 104 is flipped to the shielding position and touches the limit switch 1042; otherwise, the water pump cannot start. This fundamentally eliminates the operational risk of the leaves being splashed due to forgetting to place the first splash guard 104. Each first splash guard 104 has a row of second splash guards 105 hinged to its top surface, and each of the two second splash guards 105 has a clearance slot 1051 on its inner side. The second splash guards 105 supplement the first splash guards, providing additional coverage to unprotected areas, leaving only a gap between the rose plant and the clearance slot 1051. The dimensions of the two first splash guards 104 should not be too large to avoid an overly tight gap, which could scratch or pinch the rose plant. When the second splash guard is flipped to a suitable angle, its clearance slot is positioned precisely around the main stem of the rose, achieving maximum coverage and further enhancing the effectiveness of splash protection. The first splash guard 104 is made of wood. Wood is sturdy, durable, and of moderate density, making it resistant to being blown away or obstructed from placement. It can also be easily flipped flat under gravity. The second splash guard 105 is made of L-shaped foam board, with the hinge located at a right angle. The foam material is lightweight and plant-stem-friendly, minimizing mechanical damage. The right-angle hinge allows for more flexible flipping and positioning, and also allows the short side of the L-shaped foam board to abut against the side of the horizontally positioned first splash guard 104. This ensures that after flipping, the two boards change from a stacked state to a horizontally overlapping state.
[0035] A method for cultivating roses using a moisture-retaining cultivation device includes the following steps: T01. Plant the roses in the soil substrate 101 inside the moisture-retaining planting box 1; T02. The first splash guard 104 is hinged inward and flipped from a vertical position to a horizontal position, and supported by the limit support block 1041; at the same time, the limit switch 1042 is opened. T03. Move and flip the two rows of second splash guards 105 located on both sides of the rose one by one, so that the clearance slots 1051 on the second splash guards 105 are aligned with the main stem of the rose. T04. After all the second splash guards 105 are moved, start the water pump. With the limit switch 1042 in the open state, and the start switch turned on, the water pump supplies water to the water supply pipe 103. At this time, the valve on the overflow pipe 102 is in the open state; the valves on the drain pipe 204 and the drain pipe 205 are in the closed state. T05. When water supply is completed or overflow pipe 102 begins to overflow, turn off the water pump; the valve on drain pipe 204 is in the open position. T06. When the moisture content of the soil substrate 101 in the moisture-retaining planting box 1 is lower than the optimal lower limit, repeat steps T04-T05.
[0036] This planting method utilizes a water supply system above the top surface of the soil substrate 101 to achieve both surface water supply and splash prevention.
[0037] Example 3
[0038] A more preferred technical solution based on Embodiment 1 is as follows: Please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 7 to 9As shown, each isolation slot 201 at the bottom of the alternating suction and discharge isolation trough 2 is fixedly connected to a water replenishment trough 3. The moisture-retaining planting box 1, the alternating suction and discharge isolation trough 2, and the water replenishment trough 3 are integrated structures. A water replenishment trough 3 is added below the alternating suction and discharge isolation trough 2 to form an "underground reservoir," utilizing capillary action to achieve long-term, stable bottom water supply, further enhancing the device's water storage and self-regulating capabilities. A cylindrical trough 304 is uniformly fixedly connected to the central area of the bottom wall of each isolation slot 201. Each cylindrical trough surface has water absorption through holes 305, and the interior of the cylindrical trough 304 is filled with asbestos board. Its function is to allow water to pass through through the concave... The cylindrical tank 304 and the asbestos-filled board design allow for capillary action to supply water to a certain height area within the water replenishment tank 3. A transparent water level pipe 303 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the water replenishment tank 3, allowing real-time observation of water level changes inside the moisture-retaining planting box 1. The water replenishment tank 3 is fixedly connected to an inlet pipe 301 and an outlet pipe 302. A second water pressure gauge is fixedly installed on the inlet pipe 301, and valves are installed on both the inlet and outlet pipes 302. The water supply pipe 103 and the inlet pipe 301 are fixedly connected to a water pump via a T-junction, establishing an independent water inlet and outlet system for the water replenishment tank 3. By switching valves, water can be replenished to the water replenishment tank 3 independently, achieving layered water supply. The second water pressure gauge is used to monitor the water pressure and water level in the water replenishment tank 3 in real time, which facilitates precise control. Its independent water inlet and drainage system and the purpose of the upper and lower layered water supply are to reduce the entry of bacteria and other stains from the soil matrix 101 into the water replenishment tank 3, and to use the water replenishment tank 3 as a culture dish for bacteria and a dead water area. It also extends the water quality deterioration cycle of the water replenishment tank 3 and reduces the frequency of periodic water changes in the water replenishment tank 3.
[0039] Among them, such as Figure 7As shown, the water supply pipe 103 is laid below the top surface of the soil substrate 101. The purpose is to prevent irrigation of the surface soil, thus avoiding a high-moisture state and significantly reducing the likelihood of powdery mildew. Each water inlet of the water supply pipe 103 is fixedly connected to a hook-shaped branch pipe 106. The hook-shaped design prevents soil particles or roots from flowing back into the main pipe of the water supply pipe 103 after water supply is stopped, thus preventing blockage. The inlet of the branch pipe 106 faces downwards, and a first filter screen is fixed at the inlet of the branch pipe 106. The downward-facing inlet prevents water from directly eroding the soil and causing compaction, while also reducing impurity deposition. The first filter screen is used to return soil and prevent blockage of the water supply branch pipe; the overflow pipe 102, the drain pipe 204, and the inner end of the drain outlet are all fixed with a second filter screen. The filter screens at all drain outlets and overflow outlets can prevent soil particles, roots, or debris from entering the pipeline system with the water flow, avoid pipe blockage, and ensure the long-term smooth flow of the drainage system; the first water pressure gauge is fixedly installed on the water supply pipe 103. The first water pressure gauge monitors the water supply pressure of the main pipeline in real time, providing intuitive data for judging whether the system is operating normally and whether blockage has occurred. At the same time, it also detects the problem that the water supply pressure should not be too high, which may cause the soil matrix 101 to be washed away.
[0040] Among them, such as Figure 7 As shown, an atomizing frame 4 and an ultrasonic atomizing module 5 mounted on the atomizing frame 4 are also fixedly installed on the outer wall of the humidifying planting box 1. Their design function is to introduce air humidification, creating a humid microclimate around the rose leaves, effectively alleviating leaf transpiration, which is especially beneficial to plant growth during dry seasons. The atomizing frame 4 has an L-shaped structure, and a mist outlet pipe 501 is fixedly connected to the atomization outlet of the ultrasonic atomizing module 5. The mist outlet pipe 501 has evenly spaced mist outlets. The L-shaped structure allows the mist outlet pipe 501 and mist outlets to be mounted on the upper side of the box, enabling better diffusion of the generated mist around the plant. In the air; the misting pipe 501 guides and evenly distributes the fine water mist to the plant group, avoiding uneven humidification; a fan 6 is fixedly installed at one end of the humidifying planting box 1 to blow the water into fine water mist by the ultrasonic atomizing module 5 through high-frequency vibration. The fan 6 is a low-speed micro fan used to generate an airflow that allows the water mist to diffuse slowly; the micro airflow generated by the fan 6 blows the fine mist generated by the ultrasonic atomizing module 5 to a wider area, promotes air circulation, and allows the water mist to evaporate quickly after contact with the leaves, avoiding the formation of water droplets, thereby increasing air humidity while effectively controlling the risk of disease.
[0041] A method for cultivating roses using a moisture-retaining cultivation device includes the following steps: W01. Plant the roses in the soil substrate 101 inside the moisture-retaining planting box 1; W02. Start the water pump to supply water to the inlet pipe 301. Since water is supplied from the water replenishment tank 3, soil erosion need not be considered, and water will be supplied quickly at normal water pressure. This process is short. At this time, the valves on the inlet pipe 301, overflow pipe 102, and drain pipe 205 are open. The valves on the supply pipe 103, drain pipe 204, and outlet pipe 302 are closed. Proceed to step W03 or W04. After the W03 water tank 3 is filled, open the valve on the water supply pipe 103 and close the valve on the inlet pipe 301; at this time, water is supplied to the soil substrate 101 in the moisture-retaining planting box 1 through the water supply pipe 103; this is to first supply water to the water tank 3 and then replenish the soil substrate 101 through the water supply pipe 103 after it is full; the purpose is to reduce the contamination of the water tank 3 by bacteria and other stains in the soil substrate 101. When W04, the water pump is turned off when the water supply to the moisturizing planting box 1 and the water replenishment tank 3 is completed or when the overflow pipe 102 starts to overflow; the valves on the drain pipe 204 and the drain pipe 205 are in the open state; the valves on the water supply pipe 103, the inlet pipe 301, and the outlet pipe 302 are in the closed state. W05. When the moisture content of the soil substrate 101 in the moisture-retaining planting box 1 is lower than the optimal lower limit, repeat steps W02 and W04; or repeat steps W02, W03 and W04.
[0042] When steps W02 and W04 are repeated, the water supply tank 3 is filled first, and then water is added to the soil substrate 101 through the water inlet pipe 301 and the water supply tank 3 to achieve the bottom water supply function. When the water supply tank 3 is filled first, since this process will not cause the roots to be submerged or lack oxygen, the water inlet stage can be skipped.
[0043] When steps W02, W03, and W04 are repeated, the water supply tank 3 is first filled, and then water is supplied to the soil substrate 101 through the water supply pipe 103 to achieve a dual-channel water supply function.
[0044] When the total cycle time is long, after the water replenishment tank 3 is filled, the soil substrate 101 can be simultaneously watered through the water supply pipe 103 and the water inlet pipe 301 to minimize the total cycle time.
[0045] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely a few specific examples of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any variations that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A rose moisture-retaining planting device, characterized in that, It includes a moisture-retaining planting box (1) and an alternating suction and discharge isolation tank (2); The bottom of the moisture-retaining planting box (1) is provided with an alternating drainage and suction isolation trough (2); a number of isolation slots (201) are arranged in sequence on the alternating drainage and suction isolation trough (2); the alternating drainage and suction isolation trough (2) is alternately filled with a water-absorbing layer (202) and a drainage soil layer (203) in the number of isolation slots (201). The interior of the moisture-retaining planting box (1) is filled with soil matrix (101) above the alternating suction and discharge isolation groove (2). The moisture-retaining planting box (1) has an overflow pipe (102) and a water supply pipe (103) fixedly connected from top to bottom inside; the water supply pipe (103) is fixedly connected to a water pump; The isolation trench (201) filled with drainage soil layer (203) has drainage outlets on both sides, and the drainage outlets on the same side are fixedly connected to a drainage pipe (204); the bottom wall of each isolation trench (201) has a drain outlet, and each drain outlet is fixedly connected to a drain pipe (205). Valves are installed on the overflow pipe (102), water supply pipe (103), drainage pipe (204), and drain pipe (205).
2. The rose moisture-retaining planting device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water supply pipe (103) is laid above the top surface of the soil matrix (101); The inner wall edges on both sides of the top of the moisturizing planting box (1) are hinged with a first splash guard (104), and a limit support block (1041) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the moisturizing planting box (1) at the hinge. A limit switch (1042) is also fixedly installed on the top surface of the limit support block (1041), and the limit switch (1042) is electrically connected to a water pump. Each of the first splash guards (104) has a row of second splash guards (105) mounted on its top surface by a hinge, and each of the two sides of the second splash guards (105) has a clearance slot (1051) on its inner side; the first splash guards (104) are made of wood; the second splash guards (105) are made of L-shaped foam board, and the hinge is located at the right angle of the second splash guards (105).
3. The rose moisture-retaining planting device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each isolation slot (201) at the bottom of the alternating suction and discharge isolation tank (2) is fixedly connected to a water replenishment tank (3); A cylindrical trough (304) is uniformly and fixedly connected to the central area of the bottom wall of each isolation trough (201); each cylindrical trough is provided with a water absorption through hole (305) on its surface; and a transparent water level pipe (303) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the water replenishment trough (3). The water supply tank (3) is fixedly connected to the water inlet pipe (301) and the water outlet pipe (302). A second water pressure gauge is fixedly installed on the water inlet pipe (301). Valves are provided on both the water inlet pipe (301) and the water outlet pipe (302). The water supply pipe (103) and the water inlet pipe (301) are fixedly connected to the water pump through a three-way pipe.
4. A rose moisture-retaining planting device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The water supply pipe (103) is laid below the top surface of the soil matrix (101); the bottom of the overflow pipe (102) is located below the top surface of the soil matrix (101), and the top of the overflow pipe (102) is located above the top surface of the soil matrix (101); the water supply pipe (103) is fixedly connected to a hook-shaped water supply branch pipe (106) at each water supply port; the pipe opening of the water supply branch pipe (106) faces downward, and a first filter screen is fixed at the pipe opening of the water supply branch pipe (106); a second filter screen is fixed at the inner end of the overflow pipe (102), the drain pipe (204), and the drain outlet; a first water pressure gauge is fixedly installed on the water supply pipe (103).
5. A rose moisture-retaining planting device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The absorbent layer (202) is made of floral foam or asbestos board, and the bottom layer of the absorbent layer (202) is also provided with a layer of absorbent felt; the drainage soil layer (203) is made of ceramsite or large gravel; the cylindrical trough (304) is filled with asbestos board.
6. A rose moisture-retaining planting device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the moisturizing planting box (1) is also fixedly installed with an atomizing frame (4) and an ultrasonic atomizing module (5) installed on the atomizing frame (4); the atomizing frame (4) is an L-shaped structure; the atomizing outlet of the ultrasonic atomizing module (5) is fixedly connected to a mist outlet pipe (501), and the mist outlet pipe (501) is evenly provided with mist outlets.
7. A rose moisture-retaining planting device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, A fan (6) is fixedly installed at one end of the moisturizing planting box (1) to blow water into fine water mist by the ultrasonic atomizing module (5) through high-frequency vibration.
8. The planting method of the rose moisturizing planting device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S01. Plant the roses in the soil substrate (101) inside the moisture-retaining planting box (1); S02, Start the water pump to supply water to the water supply pipe (103); at this time, the valves on the water supply pipe (103) and the overflow pipe (102) are in the open state; the valves on the drain pipe (204) and the drain pipe (205) are in the closed state; S03. When the water supply is completed or the overflow pipe (102) begins to overflow, turn off the water pump; the valve on the drain pipe (204) is in the open state, and the valve on the water supply pipe (103) is in the closed state. S04. When the moisture content of the soil substrate (101) in the moisture-retaining planting box (1) is lower than the optimal lower limit, repeat steps S02-S03.
9. The planting method of the rose moisturizing planting device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: T01. Plant the roses in the soil substrate (101) inside the moisture-retaining planting box (1); T02. The first splash guard (104) is hinged inward and flipped from a vertical position to a horizontal position, and supported by a limiting support block (1041); at the same time, the limiting switch (1042) is opened. T03. Move and flip the two rows of second splash guards (105) located on both sides of the rose one by one, so that the clearance slots (1051) on the second splash guards (105) are aligned with the main stem of the rose. T04. After all the second splash guards (105) have been moved, start the water pump. With the limit switch (1042) in the open state, and the start switch turned on, the water pump supplies water to the water supply pipe (103). At this time, the valve on the overflow pipe (102) is in the open state; the valves on the drain pipe (204) and the drain pipe (205) are in the closed state. T05. When the water supply is completed or the overflow pipe (102) begins to overflow, turn off the water pump; the valve on the drain pipe (204) is in the open position. T06. When the moisture content of the soil substrate (101) in the moisture-retaining planting box (1) is lower than the optimal lower limit, repeat steps T04-T05.
10. A planting method for a rose moisture-retaining planting device as described in any one of claims 3-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: W01. Plant the roses in the soil substrate (101) inside the moisture-retaining planting box (1); W02, Start the water pump to supply water to the inlet pipe (301); At this time, the valves on the inlet pipe (301), overflow pipe (102) and drain pipe (205) are in the open state; the valves on the supply pipe (103), drain pipe (204) and outlet pipe (302) are in the closed state; Proceed to step W03 or W04; W03. After the water replenishment tank (3) is filled, open the valve on the water supply pipe (103) and close the valve on the water inlet pipe (301); at this time, water is supplied to the soil substrate (101) in the moisture-retaining planting box (1) through the water supply pipe (103); W04. When the water supply to the moisture-retaining planting box (1) and the water replenishment tank (3) is completed or the overflow pipe (102) begins to overflow, the water pump is turned off; the valves on the drain pipe (204) and the drain pipe (205) are in the open state; the valves on the water supply pipe (103), the inlet pipe (301), and the outlet pipe (302) are in the closed state. W05. When the moisture content of the soil substrate (101) in the moisture-retaining planting box (1) is lower than the optimal lower limit, repeat steps W02 and W04; or repeat steps W02, W03 and W04.