Flotation method for high-mud-content sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore

Abstract

A flotation method for high-mud-content sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore comprises the steps that the sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore is subjected to ore grinding to obtain raw ore pulp, and copper sulfide concentrate is obtained through copper sulfide rapid roughing, copper sulfide strengthened roughing, strengthened concentration and copper sulfide concentration; and copper oxide concentrate is obtained through copper sulfide rapid roughing, copper sulfide reinforced roughing, copper oxide roughing and scavenging. According to the method, through segmented arrangement of copper sulphide rapid roughing and copper sulphide reinforced roughing and segmented ore grinding / regrinding, the over-smashing and argillization phenomena of the coarse-particle copper ore can be reduced, meanwhile, the dissociation degree of the micro-fine-particle copper ore is increased, and finally the copper recovery rate is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a flotation method for copper ore, specifically a flotation method for a sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore. Background Technology

[0002] Copper is one of the most important metallic raw materials in modern society. Its excellent electrical and thermal conductivity makes it widely used in electrical, manufacturing, energy, and military fields. Currently, approximately 280 copper minerals and copper-bearing minerals have been discovered in nature, of which 16 have industrial application value. These include primary copper minerals such as chalcopyrite, secondary copper minerals such as chalcocite and bornite, and copper oxide minerals such as malachite and azurite.

[0003] High-mud-containing sulfur-oxygen mixed copper minerals are mixed minerals containing a large number of easily mud-forming components, various copper minerals, and copper-bearing minerals, and have the following significant characteristics: First, the ore contains a variety of copper minerals, including copper sulfide minerals such as chalcocite, chalcopyrite, and bornite, as well as copper oxide minerals such as malachite, cuprite, and chrysocolla, making the ore beneficiation environment complex. Secondly, the content of easily mud-forming gangue minerals is relatively high. These minerals are easily crushed during grinding, forming mud with a large specific surface area, high surface energy, and high surface charge. During flotation, this mud easily adsorbs flotation reagents, non-selectively covering the target minerals. This not only reduces the effective concentration and selectivity of flotation reagents in the pulp, leading to increased reagent usage and higher reagent costs, but also increases the mud content in the concentrate and lowers the concentrate grade. At the same time, the copper minerals covered by the mud cannot be effectively recovered. Third, the secondary copper sulfide mineral chalcocite is brittle and prone to over-grinding during the grinding process; moreover, the lattice energy of copper-sulfur crystals in chalcocite is small, and it is easily oxidized after grinding; after oxidation, chalcocite releases a large number of copper ions, which can activate other minerals and thus affect the flotation operation. Fourth, some copper minerals have a fine particle size (less than 0.02 mm). These minerals are difficult to liberate during grinding and are easily lost in the tailings. Fifth, the ore contains a high content of carbonate minerals such as dolomite and calcite, which results in a large acid consumption for copper recovery using chemical beneficiation processes, and the treatment cost of leaching residue is also high, making chemical beneficiation processes unsuitable.

[0004] Currently, the processing technology for mixed copper minerals with high mud content, sulfur content, and oxygen content is limited, making it difficult to efficiently recover these minerals. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art and provide a flotation method for high-muddy sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore with high copper recovery rate.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: a flotation method for high mud content sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore, wherein the sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore is ground to obtain raw ore slurry; reagent A is added to the raw ore slurry to carry out rapid roughing of copper sulfide to obtain rapid roughing concentrate of copper sulfide and rapid roughing tailings of copper sulfide. Add reagent B to the tailings of the rapid roughing of copper sulfide to carry out enhanced roughing of copper sulfide, and obtain copper sulfide enhanced rough concentrate and copper sulfide flotation tailings. The copper sulfide enhanced rough concentrate is combined with the underflow from the first-stage copper sulfide concentrate, and then regrinded to obtain a regrinding slurry. Gangue inhibitors are added to the regrinding slurry for enhanced concentrate to obtain enhanced concentrate and enhanced tailings. The enhanced refined concentrate and the rapid roughing concentrate of copper sulfide are combined and fed into the copper sulfide refining operation to obtain copper sulfide concentrate; The copper sulfide flotation tailings are divided into a fine mud portion and a coarse mud portion. Gangue inhibitors, sulfiding agents and collectors are added to the fine mud portion, and roughing and scavenging are carried out to obtain copper oxide concentrate 1 and fine mud tailings. The coarse mud portion is ground and then sulfiding agents and collectors are added to it, and roughing and scavenging are carried out to obtain copper oxide concentrate 2 and coarse tailings. Agent A includes a collector and a foaming agent; Agent B includes a vulcanizing agent and a collector. The content of easily mud-forming gangue minerals in the sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore is 30wt%~60wt%, and the main chemical components of the sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore are: Cu 1wt%~4wt%, Co 0.05wt%~0.4wt%, SiO2 40wt%~60wt%, MgO 10wt%~20wt%, CaO 10wt%~20wt%, Al2O3 3wt%~10wt%.

[0007] Preferably, the main copper sulfide mineral in the sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore is chalcocite.

[0008] Preferably, the main copper oxide mineral in the sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore is one or more of malachite, cuprite, and chrysocolla.

[0009] Preferably, the oxidation rate of the sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore is 25wt%~70wt%.

[0010] Preferably, the solid matter mass fraction in the raw ore slurry is 30wt% to 35wt%, and the particles with a fineness of -0.074mm account for 65wt% to 75wt%.

[0011] Preferably, the fineness of the regrinding slurry is such that particles with a fineness of -0.020 mm account for 70 wt% to 85 wt%.

[0012] Preferably, the fine mud portion has a particle size of less than 0.037 mm, and the coarse mud portion has a particle size of more than 0.037 mm.

[0013] Preferably, the coarse portion is ground to a fineness of -0.074 mm, comprising 70 wt% to 90 wt%.

[0014] Preferably, the copper sulfide enhanced roughing is carried out in one or more stages; the froth products from each stage of copper sulfide enhanced roughing become copper sulfide enhanced roughing concentrate, and the underflow from each stage except the last stage is sent to the next stage operation; the underflow from the last stage of copper sulfide enhanced roughing becomes copper sulfide flotation tailings.

[0015] Preferably, the enhanced beneficiation process consists of one or more stages; the foam products from each stage of enhanced beneficiation, except for the last stage, are sent to the next stage of operation. The foam product from the last stage of enhanced beneficiation is the enhanced beneficiation concentrate, the underflow from the first stage of enhanced beneficiation is sent to the copper sulfide enhanced roughing operation, and other middlings products are returned in the order of each stage.

[0016] Preferably, copper sulfide beneficiation is carried out in two or more stages; the foam products of each stage of copper sulfide beneficiation except for the last stage are sent to the next stage of operation, and the foam product of the last stage of copper sulfide beneficiation is copper sulfide concentrate; the underflow of the first stage of copper sulfide beneficiation is sent to the classification and regrinding operation, and other middlings products are returned in the order of stage.

[0017] Preferably, the roughing of the fine mud portion is one or more stages; the scavenging of the fine mud portion is one or more stages; the froth product of each stage of roughing and scavenging is copper oxide concentrate 1, and the underflow of each stage except the last stage is sent to the next stage operation; the underflow of the last stage scavenging operation becomes fine mud tailings.

[0018] Preferably, the roughing of the coarse-grained portion is one or more stages; the scavenging of the coarse-grained portion is one or more stages; the froth product from each stage of roughing and scavenging is copper oxide concentrate 2; the underflow from each stage except the last stage is sent to the next stage of operation; the underflow from the last stage of scavenging becomes coarse-grained tailings.

[0019] Preferably, the agent A includes BK404B and BK204.

[0020] Preferably, the reagent B comprises sodium hydrosulfide, butyl xanthate, and BK204.

[0021] Preferably, the gangue inhibitor comprises water glass and / or sodium hexametaphosphate.

[0022] Preferably, the vulcanizing agent includes sodium sulfide and / or sodium hydrosulfide.

[0023] Preferably, the collector includes one or more of butyl xanthate, pentyl xanthate, and butylammonium black powder.

[0024] Preferably, the dosage of agent A is: 10-50 g / t of collector BK404B and 8-40 g / t of foaming agent BK204.

[0025] Preferably, the dosage of agent B is: sodium hydrosulfide 10-200 g / t, butyl xanthate 10-150 g / t, and BK2040-20 g / t.

[0026] Preferably, the amount of gangue inhibitor in the regrinding slurry is 50-200 g / t.

[0027] Preferably, the amount of gangue inhibitor used in the fine mud portion is 50-500 g / t.

[0028] Preferably, the amount of sulfiding agent used in the fine mud portion is 500-5000 g / t.

[0029] Preferably, the amount of collector used in the fine mud portion is 20-500 g / t.

[0030] Preferably, the amount of vulcanizing agent used in the coarse-grained portion is 500-5000 g / t.

[0031] Preferably, the amount of collector used in the coarse-grained fraction is 20–500 g / t.

[0032] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: by setting up rapid roughing and enhanced roughing of copper sulfide and by performing staged grinding / regrinding, the present invention can reduce the over-grinding and mud formation of coarse copper minerals, while improving the liberation degree of fine copper minerals, and ultimately improving the copper recovery rate.

[0033] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, the present invention has other objectives, features, and advantages. The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0034] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram of the flotation method for high-muddy-content sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, solutions, and beneficial technologies of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0036] For simplicity, this paper only explicitly discloses some numerical ranges. However, any lower limit can be combined with any upper limit to form an undefined range; and any lower limit can be combined with other lower limits to form an undefined range, just as any upper limit can be combined with any other upper limit to form an undefined range. Furthermore, although not explicitly stated, every point or individual value between the endpoints of a range is included within that range. Therefore, each point or individual value can serve as its own lower or upper limit and be combined with any other point or individual value, or with other lower or upper limits, to form an undefined range.

[0037] In this description, it should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, "above" and "below" include the stated number, "multiple" in "one or more" means two or more, and "more than" in "one or more" means two or more.

[0038] An embodiment of the present invention provides a flotation method for a high-mud content sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore. The sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore is ground to obtain a raw ore slurry. Reagent A is added to the raw ore slurry to perform rapid roughing of copper sulfide, resulting in a rapid roughing concentrate of copper sulfide and a rapid roughing tailings of copper sulfide. Add reagent B to the tailings of the rapid roughing of copper sulfide to carry out enhanced roughing of copper sulfide, and obtain copper sulfide enhanced rough concentrate and copper sulfide flotation tailings. The copper sulfide enhanced rough concentrate is combined with the underflow from the first-stage copper sulfide concentrate, and then regrinded to obtain a regrinding slurry. Gangue inhibitors are added to the regrinding slurry for enhanced concentrate to obtain enhanced concentrate and enhanced tailings. The enhanced refined concentrate and the rapid roughing concentrate of copper sulfide are combined and fed into the copper sulfide refining operation to obtain copper sulfide concentrate; The copper sulfide flotation tailings are divided into a fine mud portion and a coarse mud portion. Gangue inhibitors, sulfiding agents and collectors are added to the fine mud portion, and roughing and scavenging are carried out to obtain copper oxide concentrate 1 and fine mud tailings. The coarse mud portion is ground and then sulfiding agents and collectors are added to it, and roughing and scavenging are carried out to obtain copper oxide concentrate 2 and coarse tailings. Agent A includes a collector and a foaming agent; Agent B includes a vulcanizing agent and a collector. The content of easily mud-forming gangue minerals in the sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore is 30wt%~60wt%, and the main chemical components of the sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore are: Cu 1wt%~4wt%, Co 0.05wt%~0.4wt%, SiO2 40wt%~60wt%, MgO 10wt%~20wt%, CaO 10wt%~20wt%, Al2O3 3wt%~10wt%.

[0039] In an embodiment of the present invention, the copper grade in the rapid roughing concentrate of copper sulfide is higher than 45%.

[0040] In an embodiment of the present invention, the enhanced refined concentrate and the rapid roughing concentrate of copper sulfide are combined into a comprehensive roughing concentrate, which has a copper grade higher than 35 wt%.

[0041] In an embodiment of the present invention, the copper grade in the copper sulfide concentrate is higher than 60 wt%.

[0042] In embodiments of the present invention, the copper grade of copper oxide concentrate 1 and copper oxide concentrate 2 is higher than 2 wt%.

[0043] In an embodiment of the present invention, the main copper sulfide mineral in the sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore is chalcocite.

[0044] In embodiments of the present invention, the main copper oxide mineral in the sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore is one or more of malachite, cuprite, and chrysocolla.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present invention, the sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore also contains one or more of chalcopyrite, bornite, covellite, and chalcopyrite.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present invention, the gangue minerals in the sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore are mainly quartz and dolomite; In some embodiments of the present invention, the sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore also contains one or more of chlorite, muscovite, calcite, and potassium feldspar. Easily mud-forming refers to the phenomenon where minerals readily undergo structural disintegration under the influence of moisture and external forces, forming fine-grained mud-like substances. Easily mud-forming gangue minerals typically possess characteristics such as layered structure, low hardness, high water absorption and swelling, or well-developed cleavage. Examples of easily mud-forming gangue minerals include dolomite, chlorite, and muscovite.

[0047] In an embodiment of the present invention, the oxidation rate of the sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore is 25wt%~70wt%.

[0048] In an embodiment of the present invention, the solid matter mass fraction in the raw ore slurry is 30wt% to 35wt%, and particles with a fineness of -0.074mm account for 65wt% to 75wt%.

[0049] In an embodiment of the present invention, the fineness of the refmilled slurry is such that particles with a fineness of -0.020 mm account for 70 wt% to 85 wt%. Refmilling can improve the liberation of copper minerals and also avoids excessive mud formation caused by excessively fine grinding in the early stage, which is not conducive to flotation.

[0050] In an embodiment of the present invention, the fine mud portion has a particle size of less than 0.037 mm, and the coarse mud portion has a particle size of more than 0.037 mm.

[0051] In embodiments of the present invention, the coarse portion is ground to particles with a fineness of -0.074 mm, accounting for 70 wt% to 90 wt%.

[0052] In embodiments of the present invention, the copper sulfide enhanced roughing is carried out in one or more stages; the froth products of each stage of copper sulfide enhanced roughing become copper sulfide enhanced roughing concentrate, and the underflow of each stage except the last stage is sent to the next stage operation; the underflow of the last stage of copper sulfide enhanced roughing becomes copper sulfide flotation tailings.

[0053] In embodiments of the present invention, the enhanced selection is one or more stages; the foam products of each stage of enhanced selection except the last stage are sent to the next stage of operation, the foam product of the last stage of enhanced selection is the enhanced selection concentrate, the underflow of the first stage of enhanced selection is sent to the copper sulfide enhanced roughing operation, and other middlings products are returned in the order of stage.

[0054] In an embodiment of the present invention, copper sulfide beneficiation is carried out in two or more stages; the foam products of each stage of copper sulfide beneficiation except for the last stage are sent to the next stage of operation, and the foam product of the last stage of copper sulfide beneficiation is copper sulfide concentrate; the underflow of the first stage of copper sulfide beneficiation is sent to the classification and regrinding operation, and other middlings products are returned in the order of each stage.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present invention, the copper sulfide flotation tailings are divided into a fine mud portion and a coarse grain portion, with the yield of the fine mud portion being 40wt% to 65wt%.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present invention, a hydrocyclone is used to separate the fine mud portion from the coarse particle portion.

[0057] In embodiments of the present invention, the roughing of the fine mud portion is one or more stages; the scavenging of the fine mud portion is one or more stages; the froth product of each stage of roughing and scavenging is copper oxide concentrate 1, and the underflow of each stage except the last stage is sent to the next stage operation; the underflow of the last stage scavenging operation becomes fine mud tailings.

[0058] In embodiments of the present invention, the roughing of the coarse-grained portion is one or more stages; the scavenging of the coarse-grained portion is one or more stages; the froth product of each stage of roughing and scavenging is copper oxide concentrate 2, and the underflow of each stage except the last stage is sent to the next stage operation; the underflow of the last stage scavenging operation becomes coarse-grained tailings.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present invention, the agent A includes BK404B and BK204.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present invention, the agent B includes a vulcanizing agent, a collecting agent, and a foaming agent.

[0061] In an embodiment of the present invention, the agent B includes sodium hydrosulfide, butyl xanthate, and BK204.

[0062] In embodiments of the present invention, the gangue inhibitor comprises water glass and / or sodium hexametaphosphate. The regrinding pulp and fine mud portion of the pulp have a high content of -0.020 mm particles; adding an appropriate amount of gangue inhibitor can reduce the impact of fine-grained gangue minerals on subsequent flotation operations to a certain extent.

[0063] In embodiments of the present invention, the vulcanizing agent includes sodium sulfide and / or sodium hydrosulfide.

[0064] In embodiments of the present invention, the collector includes one or more of butyl xanthate, pentyl xanthate, and butylammonium black powder.

[0065] In an embodiment of the present invention, the dosage of agent A is: 10-50 g / t of collector BK404B and 8-40 g / t of foaming agent BK204.

[0066] In an embodiment of the present invention, the dosage of agent B is: sodium hydrosulfide 10-200 g / t, butyl xanthate 10-150 g / t, and BK2O4 0-20 g / t.

[0067] In an embodiment of the present invention, the amount of gangue inhibitor used in the regrinding slurry is 50-200 g / t.

[0068] In an embodiment of the present invention, the amount of gangue inhibitor used in the fine mud portion is 50-500 g / t.

[0069] In an embodiment of the present invention, the amount of sulfiding agent used in the fine mud portion is 500-5000 g / t.

[0070] In an embodiment of the present invention, the amount of collector used in the fine mud portion is 20-500 g / t.

[0071] In an embodiment of the present invention, the amount of vulcanizing agent used in the coarse-grained portion is 500-5000 g / t.

[0072] In embodiments of the present invention, the amount of collector used in the coarse-grained portion is 20-500 g / t.

[0073] Example The following examples describe the disclosure of this invention in more detail. These examples are merely illustrative, as various modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art within the scope of this disclosure. Unless otherwise stated, all parts, percentages, and ratios reported in the following examples are based on weight. Unless otherwise stated, all reagents used in the examples are available commercially or synthesized using conventional methods and are ready for use without further processing. Unless otherwise stated, all instruments used in the examples are available commercially.

[0074] In the following examples, BK404B is a modified thiouric acid ester collector produced by Beikuang Chemical Technology (Cangzhou) Co., Ltd., and BK204 is a mixed fatty alcohol foaming agent produced by Beikuang Chemical Technology (Cangzhou) Co., Ltd.

[0075] Example 1 A certain sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore, upon testing, revealed that the copper minerals are primarily chalcocite, with minor amounts of malachite, cuprite, and chrysocolla, as well as trace amounts of chalcopyrite, bornite, covellite, and chalcopyrite. The non-metallic minerals are mainly quartz and dolomite, with minor amounts of chlorite, muscovite, calcite, and potassium feldspar. Dolomite, chlorite, and muscovite, which are easily eroded gangue minerals, account for approximately 45% of the ore. The main chemical components of this ore are: Cu 3.10wt%, Co 0.12wt%, SiO2 49.03wt%, MgO 12.92wt%, CaO 12.12wt%, Al2O3 4.89wt%, and the ore oxidation rate is approximately 29wt%.

[0076] The process flow of the flotation method for high-muddy, sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the specific process is as follows: The raw copper ore of the sulfur-oxygen mixture was ground to a particle size of -0.074 mm (70 wt%) and a solids content of 30 wt%. Then, 20 g / t of BK404B and 24 g / t of BK204 were added, followed by rapid roughing of copper sulfide to obtain a rapid roughing concentrate and tailings of copper sulfide. The copper grade of the rapid roughing concentrate reached 47.07 wt%. The tailings from the rapid roughing of copper sulfide are treated with 70 g / t sodium hydrosulfide, 80 g / t butyl xanthate, and 8 g / t BK204 for two-stage enhanced roughing of copper sulfide, yielding enhanced roughing concentrate and tailings from copper sulfide flotation. The froth products from each stage of enhanced roughing become the enhanced roughing concentrate, while the underflow from each stage except the last stage is fed into the next stage. The underflow from the last stage of enhanced roughing becomes the tailings from copper sulfide flotation. The rough concentrate from the enhanced copper sulfide roughing process is combined with the underflow from the first-stage copper sulfide concentrate, and then regrinded to obtain a regrinded slurry. The fineness of the regrinded slurry is -0.020 mm, accounting for 81 wt%. Sodium hexametaphosphate (50 g / t) is added for two-stage enhanced concentrate treatment, yielding enhanced concentrate and enhanced tailings. The froth products from each stage of enhanced concentrate treatment (except the final stage) are sent to the next stage, with the froth product from the final stage being the enhanced concentrate. The underflow from the first-stage enhanced concentrate treatment is sent to the enhanced copper sulfide roughing process, while other middlings products are returned sequentially. The copper grade in the enhanced concentrate is increased to 38.42%. The enhanced copper sulfide concentrate and the rapid copper sulfide roughing concentrate are combined and sent to the fourth-stage copper sulfide beneficiation operation to obtain copper sulfide concentrate. The froth products of each stage of copper sulfide beneficiation except the last stage are sent to the next stage, and the froth product of the last stage of copper sulfide beneficiation is copper sulfide concentrate. The underflow of the first-stage copper sulfide beneficiation is sent to the classification and regrinding operation, and other middlings products are returned in the order of stage. The copper sulfide flotation tailings were divided into a fine mud fraction (-0.037 mm) and a coarse fraction (+0.037 mm); the yield of the fine mud fraction was 55%, and the yield of the coarse fraction was 45%. The fine mud portion is treated with 150 g / t sodium hexametaphosphate, 1100 g / t sodium hydrosulfide, 100 g / t butyl sodium xanthate, and 20 g / t butyl ammonium black powder. A primary roughing and tertiary scavenging process is then performed to obtain copper oxide concentrate 1 and fine mud tailings. The froth product from each roughing and scavenging stage is copper oxide concentrate 1. The underflow from each stage except the final stage is fed into the next stage of the process. The underflow from the final scavenging stage becomes the fine mud tailings. The coarse-grained portion was ground to -0.074mm, accounting for 75wt%. A total of 900g / t sodium hydrosulfide, 80g / t butyl xanthate, and 15g / t butylammonium black were added. Primary roughing and tertiary scavenging were performed to obtain copper oxide concentrate 2 and coarse tailings. The froth product from each roughing and scavenging stage was copper oxide concentrate 2. The underflow from each stage except the last stage was sent to the next stage. The underflow from the last scavenging stage became the coarse tailings. This process yields copper sulfide concentrate with copper grade and copper recovery of 63.62 wt% and 77.55 wt%, copper oxide concentrate 1 with copper grade and recovery of 7.47 wt% and 6.74 wt%, and copper oxide concentrate 2 with copper grade and recovery of 3.75 wt% and 5.41 wt%, respectively, with a total copper recovery of 89.70 wt%.

[0077] Example 2 A certain sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore, upon testing, revealed that the copper minerals are mainly chalcocite and malachite, with trace amounts of cuprite and chrysocolla. The gangue minerals primarily consist of quartz, dolomite, muscovite, and chlorite, with minor amounts of potassium feldspar, limonite, calcite, and common amphibole. Dolomite, chlorite, and muscovite, which are easily mud-forming gangue minerals, comprise approximately 49% of the ore. The main chemical components of this ore are: Cu 2.20wt%, Co 0.25wt%, SiO2 45.67wt%, MgO 11.18wt%, CaO 10.42wt%, Al2O3 6.77wt%, with an oxidation rate of approximately 61wt%.

[0078] The specific process of the flotation method for high-muddy-content sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore in this embodiment is as follows: The raw copper ore of the sulfur-oxygen mixture was ground to a particle size of -0.074 mm (72 wt%) and a solids content of 35 wt%. Then, 16 g / t of BK404B and 20 g / t of BK204 were added, followed by rapid roughing of copper sulfide to obtain a rapid roughing concentrate and tailings. The copper grade of the rapid roughing concentrate reached 44.38 wt%. Sodium hydrosulfide 120 g / t, butyl xanthate 100 g / t, and BK204 8 g / t were added to the tailings of the rapid roughing of copper sulfide to carry out two-stage enhanced roughing of copper sulfide, yielding enhanced roughing concentrate of copper sulfide and tailings of copper sulfide flotation. The froth product from each stage of enhanced roughing of copper sulfide becomes the enhanced roughing concentrate of copper sulfide, and the underflow from each stage except the last stage is sent to the next stage operation; the underflow from the last stage of enhanced roughing of copper sulfide becomes the tailings of copper sulfide flotation. The copper sulfide intensified roughing concentrate and the underflow from the first-stage copper sulfide concentrate are combined and then regrinded to obtain a regrinded slurry. The fineness of the regrinded slurry is -0.020mm, accounting for 79wt%. A total of 80g / t of sodium hexametaphosphate is added for two-stage intensified cleaning, yielding intensified concentrate and intensified tailings. The froth products from each stage of intensified cleaning, except for the last stage, are sent to the next stage. The froth product from the last stage of intensified cleaning is the intensified concentrate. The underflow from the first-stage intensified cleaning is sent to the copper sulfide intensified roughing operation, while other middlings products are returned sequentially. The copper grade in the intensified concentrate is increased to 35.78%. The enhanced copper sulfide concentrate and the rapid copper sulfide roughing concentrate are combined and sent to the fourth-stage copper sulfide beneficiation operation to obtain copper sulfide concentrate. The froth products of each stage of copper sulfide beneficiation except the last stage are sent to the next stage, and the froth product of the last stage of copper sulfide beneficiation is copper sulfide concentrate. The underflow of the first-stage copper sulfide beneficiation is sent to the classification and regrinding operation, and other middlings products are returned in the order of stage. The copper sulfide flotation tailings were divided into a fine mud fraction (-0.037 mm) and a coarse fraction (+0.037 mm); the yield of the fine mud fraction was 60%, and the yield of the coarse fraction was 40%. The fine mud portion is treated with 250 g / t sodium hexametaphosphate, 2800 g / t sodium hydrosulfide, 280 g / t butyl sodium xanthate, and 40 g / t butyl ammonium black powder. A primary roughing and two-stage scavenging process is performed to obtain copper oxide concentrate 1 and fine mud tailings. The froth product from each stage of roughing and scavenging is copper oxide concentrate 1. The underflow from each stage except the final stage is sent to the next stage. The underflow from the final scavenging stage becomes the fine mud tailings. The coarse-grained portion was ground to -0.074mm, accounting for 80wt%. A total of 800g / t of sodium hydrosulfide, 200g / t of butyl xanthate, and 30g / t of butylammonium black were added. A first-stage roughing and two-stage scavenging process was performed to obtain copper oxide concentrate 2 and coarse-grained tailings. The froth product from each stage of roughing and scavenging was copper oxide concentrate 2. The underflow from each stage except the last stage was sent to the next stage. The underflow from the last stage scavenging became the coarse-grained tailings. This process yields copper sulfide concentrate with a copper grade of 67.55 wt% and a copper recovery rate of 55.79 wt%, copper oxide concentrate 1 with a copper grade of 2.28 wt% and a copper recovery rate of 16.70 wt%, and copper oxide concentrate 2 with a copper grade of 10.00 wt% and a copper recovery rate of 11.23 wt%, respectively; the overall copper recovery rate is 83.72 wt%.

[0079] Comparative Example This comparative example uses the same ore as Example 1 for mineral processing.

[0080] The raw copper ore of the sulfur-oxygen mixture was ground to a thickness of -0.074 mm (70%) and a solid content of 30 wt%. Sodium hydrosulfide (70 g / t), butyl xanthate (130 g / t), and No. 2 oil (12 g / t) were added. Two copper sulfide roughing operations were performed to obtain copper sulfide roughing froth product and copper sulfide roughing tailings. The copper sulfide roughing froth product was then subjected to a five-stage cleaning operation. The froth product from the V-stage cleaning was the copper sulfide concentrate. Sodium hydrosulfide (20g / t) and butyl xanthate (20g / t) are added to the copper sulfide roughing tailings to carry out copper sulfide scavenging operations, obtaining copper sulfide scavenging froth products and copper sulfide flotation tailings; all intermediate products in the copper sulfide flotation process are returned in a step-by-step manner to form a closed-loop process flow for copper sulfide flotation. The copper sulfide flotation tailings were treated with 800 g / t sodium hydrosulfide and 60 g / t butyl sodium xanthate for one copper oxide roughing operation, yielding copper oxide roughing froth product and copper oxide roughing tailings. The copper oxide roughing froth product was copper oxide concentrate 1. The copper oxide roughing tailings were treated with 500 g / t sodium hydrosulfide, 60 g / t butyl sodium xanthate, and 20 g / t butyl ammonium black powder in batches for two scavenging operations. All froth products from the scavenging operations were combined to form copper oxide concentrate 2.

[0081] Using this process, copper sulfide concentrate with a copper grade of 58.21% and a copper recovery rate of 71.64%, copper oxide concentrate 1 with a copper grade of 10.42% and a copper recovery rate of 1.42%, and copper oxide concentrate 2 with a copper grade of 4.34% and a copper recovery rate of 6.27% can be obtained, with an overall copper recovery rate of 79.33%.

Claims

1. A flotation method for a high-muddy, sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore, characterized in that, The sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore is ground to obtain raw ore slurry; reagent A is added to the raw ore slurry for rapid roughing of copper sulfide to obtain rapid roughing concentrate of copper sulfide and rapid roughing tailings of copper sulfide. Add reagent B to the tailings of the rapid roughing of copper sulfide to carry out enhanced roughing of copper sulfide, and obtain copper sulfide enhanced rough concentrate and copper sulfide flotation tailings. The copper sulfide enhanced rough concentrate is combined with the underflow from the first-stage copper sulfide concentrate, and then regrinded to obtain a regrinding slurry. Gangue inhibitors are added to the regrinding slurry for enhanced concentrate to obtain enhanced concentrate and enhanced tailings. The enhanced refined concentrate and the rapid roughing concentrate of copper sulfide are combined and fed into the copper sulfide refining operation to obtain copper sulfide concentrate; The copper sulfide flotation tailings are divided into a fine mud portion and a coarse mud portion. Gangue inhibitors, sulfiding agents and collectors are added to the fine mud portion, and roughing and scavenging are carried out to obtain copper oxide concentrate 1 and fine mud tailings. The coarse mud portion is ground and then sulfiding agents and collectors are added to it, and roughing and scavenging are carried out to obtain copper oxide concentrate 2 and coarse tailings. Agent A includes a collector and a foaming agent; Agent B includes a vulcanizing agent and a collector. The content of easily mud-forming gangue minerals in the sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore is 30wt%~60wt%, and the main chemical components of the sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore are: Cu 1wt%~4wt%, Co 0.05wt%~0.4wt%, SiO2 40wt%~60wt%, MgO 10wt%~20wt%, CaO 10wt%~20wt%, Al2O3 3wt%~10wt%.

2. The flotation method for high-muddy, sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main copper sulfide mineral in the sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore is chalcocite; the main copper oxide mineral in the sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore is one or more of malachite, cuprite, and chrysocolla; the ore oxidation rate of the sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore is 25wt%~70wt%.

3. The flotation method for high-muddy, sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw ore slurry contains 30wt% to 35wt% of solid matter and 65wt% to 75wt% of particles with a fineness of -0.074mm. The regrinding slurry has a particle size of -0.020 mm accounting for 70 wt% to 85 wt%. The fine mud portion has a particle size of less than 0.037 mm, and the coarse mud portion has a particle size of more than 0.037 mm; The coarse particles are ground to a fineness of -0.074 mm, accounting for 70 wt% to 90 wt%.

4. The flotation method for high-muddy, sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The copper sulfide intensified roughing process consists of one or more stages; the froth products from each stage of the copper sulfide intensified roughing process become the copper sulfide intensified roughing concentrate, and the underflow from each stage except the last stage is sent to the next stage of operation; the underflow from the last stage of the copper sulfide intensified roughing process becomes the copper sulfide flotation tailings.

5. The flotation method for high-muddy, sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The enhanced beneficiation process involves one or more stages; the foam products from each stage of enhanced beneficiation, except for the last stage, are sent to the next stage of operation. The foam product from the last stage of enhanced beneficiation is the enhanced beneficiation concentrate. The underflow from the first stage of enhanced beneficiation is sent to the copper sulfide enhanced roughing operation. Other middlings products are returned in the order of each stage.

6. The flotation method for high-muddy, sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Copper sulfide beneficiation is carried out in two or more stages; the foam products of each stage of copper sulfide beneficiation except for the last stage are sent to the next stage of operation, and the foam product of the last stage of copper sulfide beneficiation is copper sulfide concentrate; the underflow of the first stage of copper sulfide beneficiation is sent to the classification and regrinding operation, and other middlings products are returned in the order of stage.

7. The flotation method for high-muddy, sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The roughing of the fine mud portion is carried out in one or two or more stages; the scavenging of the fine mud portion is carried out in one or two or more stages; the froth product of each stage of roughing and scavenging is copper oxide concentrate 1, and the underflow of each stage except the last stage is sent to the next stage operation; the underflow of the last stage scavenging operation becomes the fine mud tailings. The roughing of the coarse particles is carried out in one or two or more stages; the scavenging of the coarse particles is carried out in one or two or more stages; the froth product of each stage of roughing and scavenging is copper oxide concentrate 2, and the underflow of each stage except the last stage is sent to the next stage operation; the underflow of the last stage scavenging operation becomes coarse tailings.

8. The flotation method for high-muddy, sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The drug A includes BK404B and BK204; The drug B includes sodium hydrosulfide, butyl xanthate and BK204; The gangue inhibitor comprises water glass and / or sodium hexametaphosphate; The vulcanizing agent includes sodium sulfide and / or sodium hydrosulfide; The collector includes one or more of butyl xanthate, pentyl xanthate, and butylammonium black powder.

9. The flotation method for high-muddy, sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The dosage of the agent A is as follows: collector BK404B 10-50g / t, foaming agent BK204 8-40g / t; The dosage of the agent B is as follows: sodium hydrosulfide 10-200 g / t, butyl xanthate 10-150 g / t, and BK2O4 0-20 g / t.

10. The flotation method for high-muddy, sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The dosage of gangue inhibitor in regrinding slurry is 50-200 g / t; The dosage of gangue inhibitor in the fine mud fraction is 50-500 g / t; The amount of sulfiding agent used in the fine mud portion is 500-5000 g / t; The amount of collector used in the fine mud fraction is 20–500 g / t; The amount of vulcanizing agent used in the coarse-grained portion is 500-5000 g / t; The amount of collector used in the coarse-grained fraction is 20–500 g / t.

Images