Lithium battery diaphragm waste recovery equipment and process

Abstract

The invention discloses lithium battery diaphragm waste recovery equipment and a lithium battery diaphragm waste recovery process, and belongs to the technical field of lithium battery material cyclic regeneration. Comprising a crusher, a conveyor, a purification device and post-treatment equipment which are arranged in sequence, the discharging end of the crusher is connected with an anti-blocking discharging assembly and a rotary blowing-off assembly, and the anti-blocking discharging assembly comprises a fixed outer cylinder and a lifting inner cylinder which are arranged in a sleeving mode. The lifting inner barrel is driven to do reciprocating lifting motion, materials attached to the barrel wall are mechanically scraped off through the material scraping ring, meanwhile, the lifting motion is converted into air pumping and rotating motion through mechanical linkage, and an air nozzle is driven to conduct rotating pulse blowing in the barrel; and in cooperation with an extraction and solvent closed-loop recovery process based on the ionic liquid, the problems that the light diaphragm waste is blocked due to electrostatic adsorption and traditional solvent recovery is high in energy consumption and prone to pollution are effectively solved, and safe, efficient and environment-friendly continuous recovery is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lithium battery material recycling technology, and in particular to a lithium battery separator waste recycling equipment and process. Background Technology

[0002] With the explosive growth of the new energy vehicle industry, the recycling of waste lithium battery separators has become a crucial link in resource regeneration. A typical wet-process separator recycling process usually includes: first, using a crusher to break the waste separator material into fragments of a specific size; then, continuously conveying the fragments to an extraction tank via a chain conveyor or screw conveyor; soaking the fragments in the extraction tank using organic solvents or ionic liquids to remove residual pore-forming agents; finally, rinsing, dehydration, and drying to obtain clean recycled material. In this process, the connecting device between the crusher outlet and the conveyor inlet plays a vital transitional role. Currently, existing technologies typically use a fixed conical metal hopper at this location, where the material slides down the conveyor belt under its own gravity.

[0003] Because lithium battery separator materials have extremely high electrical insulation, extremely low bulk density (lightweight), and a large specific surface area, during the crushing process, the separator undergoes intense mechanical friction with the high-speed rotating blades and screens. This results in a large amount of static charge accumulating on the surface of the crushed membrane. When these highly static and extremely lightweight fragments enter a traditional conical metal hopper, they are easily attracted by electrostatic forces, overcoming gravity and adhering tightly to the inclined inner wall of the hopper. Since the hopper uses a flow-guiding structure with a gradually narrowing cross-section, this adsorption phenomenon quickly forms a layer of material hanging at the narrowing point, causing problems with material discharge.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in this background section is only for understanding the background technology of this application concept, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a lithium battery separator waste recycling equipment and process to solve the technical problem that lightweight and highly insulating lithium battery separator waste carries a large amount of triboelectric static electricity after crushing, which easily generates electrostatic adsorption and accumulation on the tapered inner wall of the hopper, thus forming a hanging layer that affects the discharge of materials.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: a lithium battery separator waste recycling equipment and process. It includes a crusher, a chain conveyor, a purification device, a centrifugal dewatering machine, a tubular dryer, a cyclone hopper, and an electrical control cabinet arranged sequentially. An anti-blocking feeding assembly and a rotary blowing assembly working in conjunction with the anti-blocking feeding assembly are connected between the crusher and the chain conveyor. The anti-blocking feeding assembly includes a drive unit and a fixed outer cylinder and a lifting inner cylinder nested together. The lifting inner cylinder is configured to perform axial reciprocating lifting motion relative to the fixed outer cylinder under the drive of the drive unit to mechanically scrape off the attached material. The rotary blowing assembly includes an air blowing unit and a rotating unit, mechanically connected to the lifting inner cylinder. It is configured to convert the reciprocating lifting motion of the lifting inner cylinder into the pumping action of the air blowing unit and the rotation action of the rotating unit, so as to generate a rotating blowing airflow inside the fixed outer cylinder while the lifting inner cylinder is rising and falling, to blow away the inner wall of the lifting inner cylinder.

[0007] Furthermore, the fixed outer cylinder is integrally fixed to the discharge end of the crusher, and a scraping ring is fixed to one end of the lifting inner cylinder that extends into the fixed outer cylinder. The outer edge of the scraping ring is in close contact with the inner wall of the fixed outer cylinder and is configured to scrape the inner wall of the fixed outer cylinder as the lifting inner cylinder moves up and down. Several sliding grooves are provided at angular intervals along the circumferential direction on the side wall of the fixed outer cylinder. The sliding grooves are configured to allow the components of the rotating unit to pass through and to allow them to rotate within a certain range along the axis of the fixed outer cylinder.

[0008] Furthermore, the drive unit includes a support frame fixed on the crusher frame, a drive motor fixed on one side of the support frame, an eccentric wheel fixed on the output end of the drive motor, a lifting link, a linear guide rail, a guide rail slider, and a lifting drive arm; a pin is eccentrically provided on the eccentric wheel, one end of the lifting link is movably connected to the pin, and the other end is movably connected to the guide rail slider through a pin, the linear guide rail is fixed on the other side of the support frame, the guide rail slider is slidably disposed on the linear guide rail, one end of the lifting drive arm is fixed on the guide rail slider, and the other end is fixedly connected to the surface of the lifting inner cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, the air blowing unit includes a transmission beam, an arched guide column, a mounting bracket, a piston cylinder, a piston rod, and an exhaust hose; the transmission beam is fixed at the bottom edge of the surface of the lifting inner cylinder and is movably sleeved on the arched guide column, the arched guide column is fixed on the frame, the mounting bracket is fixed on the frame and located above the arched guide column, the piston cylinder is vertically fixed on the mounting bracket, the piston rod is fitted inside the piston cylinder, its bottom end is connected to the transmission beam, and it is configured to reciprocate pumping air in the piston cylinder as the transmission beam rises and falls, and its top end is connected to one end of the exhaust hose.

[0010] Furthermore, the linkage unit includes a support frame, a cylindrical cam, a cam groove, a driven pin, a transmission shaft, and a pinion; the support frame is fixed on the frame, the cylindrical cam is vertically rotatably mounted on the support frame, the cam groove is spirally formed on the circumferential surface of the cylindrical cam, the driven pin is fixed to the side of the piston rod and slidably inserted into the cam groove, and is configured to drive the cylindrical cam to rotate by the vertical lifting motion of the piston rod, the bottom end of the transmission shaft is fixed to the top end of the cylindrical cam, and the pinion is fixed to the top end of the transmission shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, the rotating unit includes an annular cover, an annular platform, a large gear, several pipe clamps, and an annular air pipe; the annular cover is sleeved on the top of the fixed outer cylinder, the annular platform is rotatably disposed inside the annular cover via bearings, the large gear is fixedly sleeved on the annular platform and meshes with the small gear of the linkage unit, configured to receive rotational power and drive the annular platform to rotate, and the annular air pipe is fixed on the annular platform via the pipe clamps and sleeved on the outside of the fixed outer cylinder, with its air inlet end connected to the other end of the exhaust hose.

[0012] Furthermore, the rotating unit also includes several right-angle nozzles, which are spaced apart and connected to the annular air pipe along the circumferential direction. They are arranged in an alternating pattern, corresponding to the position of the sliding groove. The jet end of the right-angle nozzle passes through the sliding groove and extends into the interior of the fixed outer cylinder. It is configured to blow on the outer wall of the lifting inner cylinder while rotating with the annular platform.

[0013] Furthermore, the rotary blow-off assembly also includes a mounting cover, which is integrally fixed to the surface of the annular cover and configured to protect the meshing part of the driving pinion and the large gear. The upper part of the transmission shaft passes through the mounting cover and is connected to the pinion.

[0014] Furthermore, the crusher includes a frame, a feed hopper, a discharge port, a right crushing motor, a right crushing cutter roller, a left crushing motor, a left crushing cutter roller, a pressing frame, and a driving component; the feed hopper is fixed on the frame, the discharge port is located below the feed hopper, the right crushing motor and the left crushing motor are symmetrically arranged on the frame and are respectively connected to the right crushing cutter roller and the left crushing cutter roller in a transmission connection, the pressing frame is arranged inside the feed hopper, the driving component is installed on the pressing frame, and a pressing plate is fixed to its telescopic end.

[0015] Furthermore, this includes the following steps:

[0016] S1. Crushing: The diaphragm waste is fed into the crusher, and the material after being crushed by the crusher is discharged from the discharge port.

[0017] S2, Anti-blocking feeding: The crushed material enters the anti-blocking feeding component; the drive unit works, driving the lifting inner cylinder to perform axial reciprocating lifting motion inside the fixed outer cylinder, using the lifting inner cylinder to mechanically scrape off the attached material; at the same time, the rotating blowing component converts the reciprocating lifting motion of the lifting inner cylinder into the pumping action of the air blowing unit and the rotation action of the rotating unit, thereby driving the air nozzle to rotate in the circumferential direction inside the fixed outer cylinder, while spraying the gas generated by the pumping action onto the inner wall of the lifting inner cylinder for blowing and cleaning;

[0018] S3. Conveying and Purification: The material that has undergone anti-clogging treatment falls into the chain conveyor and is transported to the purification device for white oil removal.

[0019] S4. Post-processing: The purified material is dehydrated by a centrifugal dewatering machine, then dried by a tubular dryer, and finally sent to a cyclone silo for collection.

[0020] The above-described at least one technical solution adopted in the embodiments of the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0021] This invention discloses a lithium battery separator waste recycling equipment and process. It utilizes an anti-clogging feeding component and a cooperating rotary blowing component connected between a crusher and a chain conveyor. The axial reciprocating motion of the lifting inner cylinder within a fixed outer cylinder serves two purposes: firstly, it mechanically scrapes away electrostatically attached materials adhering to the cylinder wall, breaking up material bridging; secondly, through mechanical transmission, the reciprocating motion of the lifting inner cylinder is directly converted into the pumping action of the air blowing unit and the rotational action of the rotary unit. This achieves simultaneous rotational blowing airflow within the fixed outer cylinder to clean the inner cylinder wall while the lifting inner cylinder moves. This dual action of mechanical scraping and rotary air blowing effectively solves the technical problem of easy adsorption and clogging of lightweight, electrostatically charged lithium battery separator waste at the crushing discharge end. Furthermore, by achieving composite actions with a single power source, it simplifies the equipment structure and reduces energy consumption while ensuring continuous and stable operation of the recycling production line. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which are provided to further illustrate the invention and constitute a part of this invention, are illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention.

[0023] In the attached diagram:

[0024] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of a lithium battery separator waste recycling equipment and process according to this application;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial structural diagram;

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A top-view structural diagram;

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the medium crusher;

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the image;

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the rear structure;

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of point B;

[0031] Figure 8 for Figure 6 A partial structural diagram;

[0032] Figure 9 for Figure 8Enlarged view of point C;

[0033] Figure 10 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of point D;

[0034] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the RO reverse osmosis device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure and process flow of the multi-stage centrifugal extraction unit of the present invention;

[0036] Figure label:

[0037] 1. Crusher; 2. Chain conveyor; 3. Purification device; 31. Foundation welding frame; 32. First-stage RO inlet water pipeline assembly; 33. First-stage RO concentrate pipeline assembly; 34. First-stage RO permeate pipeline assembly; 4. Centrifugal dewatering machine; 41. Ion liquid feed pump; 42. Wash water feed pump; 421. Heavy phase inlet; 44. Heavy phase outlet; 45. Light phase outlet; 5. Tubular dryer; 6. Cyclone hopper; 7. Electrical control cabinet; 11. Frame; 12. Feed hopper; 121. Discharge port; 13. Right crushing motor; 131. Right crushing cutter roller; 14. Left crushing motor; 141. Left crushing cutter roller; 15. Pressing frame; 16. Drive unit; 8. Anti-clogging discharge assembly; 81. Fixed outer cylinder; 82. Lifting inner cylinder; 83. Support frame; 84. Drive motor; 85. Eccentric wheel; 86. Lifting connecting rod; 87. Linear guide rail; 88. Guide rail slider; 89. Lifting drive arm; 810. Scraper ring; 811. Sliding groove; 9. Rotary blow-off assembly; 91. Transmission beam; 92. Arched guide column; 93. Mounting bracket; 94. Piston cylinder; 95. Piston rod body; 951. Follower pin; 96. Exhaust hose; 97. Support bracket; 98. Cylindrical cam; 99. Cam groove; 910. Transmission vertical shaft; 911. Mounting cover; 912. Pinion; 913. Annular cover; 914. Annular platform; 915. Large gear; 916. Pipe clamp; 917. Annular air pipe; 918. Right-angle air nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0039] The technical solutions provided by the various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] Example 1:

[0041] Reference Figures 1-10As shown, the lithium battery separator waste recycling equipment in this embodiment mainly includes a crusher 1, a chain conveyor 2, a purification device 3, a centrifugal dewatering machine 4, a tubular dryer 5, a cyclone hopper 6, and an electrical control cabinet 7 arranged sequentially along the process flow. An anti-blocking feeding component 8 and a rotary blowing component 9 working in conjunction with this component are connected between the crusher 1 and the chain conveyor 2.

[0042] The crusher 1 includes a frame 11, a feed hopper 12 fixed on the frame 11, and a discharge port 121 located below the feed hopper 12. A right crushing motor 13 and a left crushing motor 14 are symmetrically arranged on the frame 11, which drive the right crushing cutter roller 131 and the left crushing cutter roller 141 to rotate and crush relative to each other. In order to solve the problem of easy dispersion of lightweight diaphragms, a pressing frame 15 is provided in the feed hopper 12. A driving component 16 (preferably a cylinder in this embodiment) is installed on the pressing frame 15. The extension end of the driving component 16 is fixed with a pressing plate (not shown in the figure). During operation, the driving component 16 pushes the pressing plate downward, forcibly pressing the loose and lightweight diaphragm waste into the meshing area of ​​the left and right crushing cutter rollers 131 to ensure crushing efficiency. The crushed fragments are discharged through the discharge port 121 and enter the anti-blocking discharge assembly 8. The subsequent materials are conveyed by the chain conveyor 2.

[0043] The anti-blocking feeding assembly 8 is located between the crusher 1 and the chain conveyor 2. The anti-blocking feeding assembly 8 includes a drive unit and a fixed outer cylinder 81 and a lifting inner cylinder 82 that are nested together. The fixed outer cylinder 81, as a stator component, is integrally fixedly connected to the feed port 121 of the crusher 1, and plays the role of receiving materials and providing support and guidance. The lifting inner cylinder 82, as a moving component, is coaxially fitted inside the fixed outer cylinder 81, and a wear-resistant scraping ring 810 is fixed at its extended end. The outer edge of the scraping ring 810 is in close contact with the inner wall of the fixed outer cylinder 81, and is used to physically scrape the cylinder wall during movement to remove the electrostatic adsorption layer.

[0044] To drive the aforementioned double-cylinder structure for mechanical unblocking, the drive unit includes a support frame 83 fixed to the frame 11, a drive motor 84 fixed to one side of the support frame 83, an eccentric wheel 85 fixed to the output end of the drive motor 84, a lifting link 86, a linear guide rail 87, a guide rail slider 88, and a lifting drive arm 89. The eccentric wheel 85 has an eccentrically mounted pin. One end of the lifting link 86 is movably connected to the pin, and the other end is movably connected to the guide rail slider 88 via a pin. The linear guide rail 87 is fixed to the other side of the support frame 83, and the guide rail slider 88 is slidably mounted on the linear guide rail 87. One end of the lifting drive arm 89 is fixed to the guide rail slider 88, and the other end is fixedly connected to the surface of the inner lifting cylinder 82.

[0045] In order to drive the above-mentioned double-cylinder structure for mechanical unblocking, the drive unit is integrated and installed on the crusher 1. The drive unit includes a support frame 83, a drive motor 84, an eccentric wheel 85, a lifting connecting rod 86, a linear guide rail 87, a guide rail slider 88, and a lifting drive arm 89.

[0046] Specifically, the support frame 83 serves as a mounting base and is vertically fixed to the side wall of the frame 11; the drive motor 84 is fixed to one side surface of the support frame 83, and its output shaft passes horizontally through the support frame 83 and is connected to the eccentric wheel 85 located on the other side. In order to convert the rotational motion into linear reciprocating motion, a pin is eccentrically provided on the end face of the eccentric wheel 85. The upper end of the lifting link 86 is rotatably connected (hinged) to the pin through a bearing, and the lower end is rotatably connected to the guide rail slider 88 through another pin.

[0047] The linear guide rail 87 is vertically fixed to the side surface of the support frame 83 and located below the eccentric wheel 85. The guide rail slider 88 is fitted on the linear guide rail 87 and is restricted to sliding only in the vertical direction to counteract the lateral force generated when the eccentric wheel 85 rotates. The lifting drive arm 89 is cantilevered, with one end locked and fixed to the guide rail slider 88, and the other end extending horizontally through the gap of the frame 11 and rigidly fixed to the outer surface of the lifting inner cylinder 82, thus forming a complete transmission chain from the motor to the inner cylinder.

[0048] During operation, the drive motor 84 starts rotating, driving the eccentric wheel 85 to rotate. Through the transmission of the lifting linkage 86, the circular motion of the eccentric wheel 85 is converted into the vertical reciprocating linear motion of the guide rail slider 88 on the linear guide rail 87. This motion is transmitted to the lifting inner cylinder 82 through the lifting drive arm 89.

[0049] When the inner lifting cylinder 82 moves downward, its lower end face directly applies a pushing force to the material piled below, disrupting the bridging structure of the material. When the inner lifting cylinder 82 moves upward, the scraper ring 810 fixed on it scrapes against the inner wall of the outer cylinder 81 in the opposite direction. Because the lithium battery separator generates static electricity when it breaks, it easily adheres to the metal wall, forming a layer that is difficult to fall off naturally. The physical contact scraping of the scraper ring 810 forcibly peels off this layer of electrostatically adsorbed material, causing it to lose its attachment point and fall under gravity.

[0050] To prevent the lithium battery separator from adhering to the inner wall of the lifting inner cylinder 82 after breakage, the rotary blow-off assembly 9 is mechanically connected to the lifting inner cylinder 82. The air blowing unit includes a transmission beam 91, an arched guide column 92, a mounting bracket 93, a piston cylinder 94, a piston rod 95, and an exhaust hose 96.

[0051] Specifically, the transmission beam 91, as a power pickup component, is horizontally fixed in a cantilever shape at the bottom edge of the surface of the lifting inner cylinder 82, and its end is movably sleeved on the arched guide column 92 fixed on the frame 11. The arched guide column 92 is vertically arranged across the side of the movement path of the transmission beam 91, which not only plays a vertical guiding role, but also uses its rigidity to restrict the circumferential rotation of the transmission beam 91 and the lifting inner cylinder 82.

[0052] Mounting bracket 93 is fixed to frame 11 and suspended above arched guide column 92. It supports the vertically downward fixed piston cylinder 94 and ensures that the central axis of piston cylinder 94 is vertically and coaxially aligned with the stress point on transmission beam 91. Piston rod 95 is fitted inside piston cylinder 94, with its bottom end fixedly connected to the upper surface of transmission beam 91 and its top end penetrating the top of piston cylinder 94 and communicating with exhaust hose 96. This mechanism is configured such that when the lifting inner cylinder 82 rises and falls, the transmission beam 91 directly drives piston rod 95 to perform synchronous vertical reciprocating compression motion inside piston cylinder 94, thereby generating high-pressure pulsed airflow, which is output through exhaust hose 96.

[0053] In order to convert the linear motion of the piston rod into rotational power, a linkage unit is integrated on one side of the air blowing unit. The linkage unit includes a support 97, a cylindrical cam 98, a cam groove 99, a follower pin 951, a transmission shaft 910, and a pinion 912.

[0054] Specifically, the support frame 97 is fixed on the frame 11 as an independent support seat, and a cylindrical cam 98 is vertically rotatable on it via a bearing. The circumferential surface of the cylindrical cam 98 is provided with a spiral cam groove 99. The driven pin 951 is fixed to the side of the piston rod 95 and extends horizontally into the cam groove 99 to form a sliding fit.

[0055] Guided by the helical trajectory of the cam groove 99, the mechanism is configured to force the cylindrical cam 98 to rotate around its own axis by the abutting action of the driven pin 951 against the groove wall when the piston rod 95 moves vertically. This rotational power is transmitted upward through the transmission shaft 910 coaxially fixed to the top of the cylindrical cam 98, and the pinion 912 is fixed to the top of the transmission shaft 910.

[0056] In order to perform the final rotary purging action, the rotary unit is fitted on the top of the fixed outer cylinder 81. The rotary unit includes an annular cover 913, an annular platform 914, a large gear 915, a pipe clamp 916, an annular air pipe 917, a right-angle air nozzle 918, and a mounting cover 911.

[0057] Specifically, the annular cover 913 serves as a stationary base, fitted and fixed to the outer wall of the top of the fixed outer cylinder 81; the annular platform 914 serves as a rotating carrier, coaxially mounted inside the annular cover 913 via a large thin-walled bearing. The large gear 915 is coaxially fixedly fitted onto the outer circumference of the annular platform 914, and forms a horizontal mesh with the small gear 912 located to its side to receive rotational torque.

[0058] The annular duct 917 is supported and fixed on the upper surface of the annular platform 914 by several clamps 916, and rotates synchronously with it. Its inlet end is connected to the exhaust hose 96.

[0059] In this structural configuration, to allow external rotating components to penetrate and operate, the side wall of the fixed outer cylinder 81 is provided with several through sliding grooves 811 spaced circumferentially in the vertical direction. The sliding grooves 811 are configured to allow right-angle nozzles 918 of the rotating unit to pass through. Correspondingly, several right-angle nozzles 918 are spaced circumferentially connected to the inner side of the annular air pipe 917 and are arranged in an alternating vertical arrangement corresponding to the sliding grooves 811. The jetting ends of these right-angle nozzles 918 extend horizontally inward, penetrate the sliding grooves 811, and extend into the interior of the fixed outer cylinder 81.

[0060] Specifically, in order to protect the transmission mechanism, the mounting cover 911 is integrally fixed to the surface of the stationary annular cover 913 and covers the meshing area of ​​the large gear 915 and the small gear 912; the upper part of the transmission vertical shaft 910 passes through the through hole reserved on the surface of the mounting cover 911 and connects to the small gear 912 inside, thereby achieving closed protection of the rotating parts while ensuring power transmission.

[0061] During operation, the linkage unit drives the pinion 912 to rotate, which in turn drives the large gear 915 and the annular platform 914 to rotate around the axis of the fixed outer cylinder 81. At this time, the right-angle air nozzle 918 moves within the allowable range of the sliding groove 811. Since the right-angle air nozzles 918 are arranged in an alternating manner, the sweeping trajectories of multiple sets of air nozzles are connected in space, spraying pulsed airflow onto the outer wall of the lifting inner cylinder 82 and the inner wall of the fixed outer cylinder 81, thereby achieving full coverage cleaning of the electrostatically adsorbed materials.

[0062] Working principle: At the start of operation, taking into account the characteristics of lithium battery separator waste being lightweight, fluffy, and prone to electrostatic buoyancy, the pressing rack 15 inside the feed hopper 12 is activated first. The drive unit 16 pushes the pressing plate downwards, overcoming the buoyancy of the waste and forcibly pressing it into the meshing area of ​​the right crushing roller 131 and the left crushing roller 141. The right crushing motor 13 and the left crushing motor 14 drive the rollers to rotate relative to each other, performing strong shearing and crushing on the pressed waste. After crushing, the fragmented material passes through the gap between the rollers and falls into the anti-clogging feeding assembly 8 below, ready for subsequent anti-clogging treatment.

[0063] After the material enters the anti-blocking feeding assembly 8, in order to prevent it from being blocked in the feeding channel due to electrostatic adsorption or bridging, the drive unit starts working. The drive motor 84 drives the eccentric wheel 85 to rotate. Through the cooperation of the lifting connecting rod 86 and the guide rail slider 88, the rotational motion is converted into a stable vertical reciprocating linear motion. The cantilevered lifting drive arm 89 drives the lifting inner cylinder 82 to perform axial reciprocating lifting motion within the fixed outer cylinder 81. When the lifting inner cylinder 82 moves downward, its end face directly pushes the material accumulated below, destroying the bridging structure. When the lifting inner cylinder 82 moves upward, the wear-resistant scraping ring 810 fixed on it moves upward close to the inner wall of the fixed outer cylinder 81, scraping against it in the opposite direction and forcibly peeling off the wall-hanging material layer formed by electrostatic adsorption on the inner wall, causing it to lose its adhesion and fall under gravity.

[0064] While the lifting inner cylinder 82 performs mechanical actions, the rotating blow-off assembly 9 simultaneously performs pneumatic cleaning using the lifting power. The vertical movement of the lifting inner cylinder 82 drives the transmission beam 91 and piston rod 95 to rise and fall synchronously: on the one hand, the reciprocating motion of the piston rod 95 within the piston cylinder 94 directly generates high-pressure pulsed airflow; on the other hand, the driven pin 951 on the side of the piston rod 95 slides within the cam groove 99 of the cylindrical cam 98, forcing the cylindrical cam 98 to rotate, which in turn drives the top annular platform 914 and the right-angle nozzle 918 to rotate around the cylinder through the transmission of the pinion 912 and the gear 915. The right-angle nozzle 918 rotates and scans within the range allowed by the sliding groove 811, and precisely sprays the generated pulsed airflow onto the outer wall of the lifting inner cylinder 82 and the inner wall of the fixed outer cylinder 81. This combination of mechanical scraping and rotary pulse purging removes residual material from the channel, ensuring it falls smoothly into the chain conveyor 2 below, and is then sent to the purification unit 3, centrifugal dewatering machine 4, and tubular dryer 5 for subsequent processes.

[0065] Example 2:

[0066] This embodiment provides a closed-loop recycling process for lithium battery separator waste based on the equipment described in Embodiment 1. This process achieves efficient extraction of white oil and a closed-loop recycling of the extractant and process water throughout the entire process through deep coordination of material and liquid flows.

[0067] The specific process steps are as follows:

[0068] S1. Crushing and Anti-clogging Conveying: Waste lithium battery separators containing white oil are fed into the crusher 1. The feeding is assisted by the pressing frame 15 within the feed hopper 12. The fragments, sheared by the crushing rollers, enter the anti-clogging feeding assembly 8. Here, through the combined action of "mechanical scraping + rotary pulse blowing" as described in Example 1, blockage caused by electrostatic adsorption of the material is effectively prevented, ensuring that the material continuously and evenly falls into the chain conveyor 2 and is then conveyed to the subsequent extraction section.

[0069] S2. Ionic Liquid Extraction (White Oil Removal): The material enters the extraction section of the purification device 3 via the chain conveyor 2. In this section, an ionic liquid (preferably an imidazole or pyrrolidine ionic liquid, such as 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate) is used as a green extractant. The membrane fragments undergo multi-stage countercurrent extraction and soaking in the extraction tank, utilizing the difference in affinity between the ionic liquid and white oil to efficiently displace the white oil from the membrane pores and surface. Due to the extremely low vapor pressure and high flash point (>200°C) of the ionic liquid, this process eliminates the safety hazards and environmental pollution caused by the volatilization of traditional VOCs solvents at the source.

[0070] S3. Water washing and rinsing: The extracted membrane fragments are conveyed to the rinsing section of purification unit 3. The membrane fragments are rinsed in multiple stages using circulating process water to remove residual ionic liquid from the surface of the fragments, resulting in clean wet membrane material.

[0071] S4. Solvent Closed-Loop Recovery (Liquid-Liquid Centrifugation): For the white oil-rich extraction mixture (overflow) generated in step S2, a highly efficient extractant circulation subsystem is established. As a preferred device configuration in this embodiment, refer to the attached diagram. Figure 12 As shown, this step uses a multi-stage centrifugal extraction unit, which consists of centrifuges of stage 1 to stage 5 connected in series.

[0072] Mixture feed: The extraction mixture is pumped into the light phase inlet 411 at the front end of the unit by the ion liquid feed pump 41 and enters the separation field.

[0073] Demulsification and phase separation: To promote the separation of high-viscosity ionic liquid and white oil, process water accounting for approximately 5%-20% of the mixed liquid volume is injected into the heavy phase inlet 421 in the middle section of the unit using a wash water feed pump 42 (corresponding to the pump in the middle of the original diagram). The polarity of water rapidly disrupts the emulsion interface, promoting rapid stratification of the two phases.

[0074] Countercurrent contact and separation: Inside the unit, materials achieve refined multi-stage countercurrent contact. Under the action of high-speed centrifugal force, the mixture is ultimately separated into a light phase and a heavy phase.

[0075] Light phase (white oil): discharged from the light phase outlet 45 at the end of the unit, collected as a high-purity by-product with a purity of over 98%.

[0076] Heavy phase (regenerated ionic liquid): discharged from the heavy phase outlet 44 at the front end of the unit, and directly returned to the inlet of the extraction device in step S2 for recycling through pipeline.

[0077] This step abandons the traditional high-energy-consuming distillation separation and uses physical centrifugation to achieve a closed loop, thus reducing energy consumption.

[0078] S5. Closed-loop process water recovery (RO membrane separation): Establish a process water recycling subsystem for the rinsing wastewater (overflow) containing trace amounts of ionic liquid generated in step S3. (See attached document) Figure 11 As shown, the RO reverse osmosis device used in this embodiment specifically includes a base welding frame 31, and a first-stage RO inlet water pipeline assembly 32, a first-stage RO concentrate pipeline assembly 33, and a first-stage RO permeate pipeline assembly 34, which are integrated and fixed on the base welding frame 31.

[0079] Filtration process: Rinse wastewater is introduced into the membrane stack through the primary RO inlet pipe assembly 32 for high-pressure filtration.

[0080] Permeate water reuse: The clear liquid (pure water) passing through the RO membrane flows into the first-stage RO permeate water pipeline assembly 34, and flows back to the inlet of the rinsing device in step S3 through the pipeline to continue to participate in rinsing, so as to achieve a process water reuse rate of >95%.

[0081] Concentrate recovery: The high-concentration ionic liquid solution that is retained is guided back to the front end of the system (such as returning to the S2 extraction tank or entering the settling tank) through the first-stage RO concentrate pipeline component 33, so as to further recover the ionic liquid and achieve near-zero discharge.

[0082] S6. Post-processing and finished product collection: The cleaned wet diaphragm material is sequentially fed into centrifugal dewatering machine 4 to mechanically remove most of the moisture, and then into tubular dryer 5 for thermal drying. The final dried diaphragm recycled material is sent to cyclone silo 6 for packaging and storage.

[0083] In summary, this process utilizes the anti-clogging and supply-guarantee capabilities of the mechanical structure in Example 1 to ensure the smooth flow of lightweight materials on the process line. Combined with the "ionic liquid + multi-stage centrifugal separation + RO reverse osmosis" coupling technology in Example 2, it solves the pain points of easy solvent volatility, high energy consumption for recovery, and difficult separation in traditional processes, and realizes the safe, environmentally friendly, and low-cost resource utilization of lithium battery separator waste.

[0084] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lithium battery separator waste recycling device, characterized in that: The system includes a crusher (1), a chain conveyor (2), a purification device (3), a centrifugal dewatering machine (4), a tubular dryer (5), a cyclone hopper (6), and an electrical control cabinet (7) arranged in sequence. An anti-blocking feeding assembly (8) and a rotating blowing assembly (9) working in conjunction with the anti-blocking feeding assembly (8) are connected between the crusher (1) and the chain conveyor (2). The anti-blocking feeding assembly (8) includes a drive unit and a fixed outer cylinder (81) and a lifting inner cylinder (82) nested together. The lifting inner cylinder (82) is configured to... Driven by the drive unit, the device performs axial reciprocating lifting and lowering motion relative to the fixed outer cylinder (81) to mechanically scrape off the attached material. The rotary blowing assembly (9) includes an air blowing unit and a rotating unit, and is mechanically connected to the lifting inner cylinder (82). It is configured to convert the reciprocating lifting and lowering motion of the lifting inner cylinder (82) into the pumping action of the air blowing unit and the rotation action of the rotating unit, so as to generate a rotating blowing airflow inside the fixed outer cylinder (81) while the lifting inner cylinder (82) is rising and falling to blow the inner wall of the lifting inner cylinder (82).

2. The lithium battery separator waste recycling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed outer cylinder (81) is integrally fixed to the discharge end of the crusher (1). The end of the lifting inner cylinder (82) that extends into the fixed outer cylinder (81) is fixed with a scraper ring (810). The outer edge of the scraper ring (810) is close to the inner wall of the fixed outer cylinder (81) and is configured to scrape the inner wall of the fixed outer cylinder (81) with the lifting inner cylinder (82) as it moves up and down. Several sliding grooves (811) are provided on the side wall of the fixed outer cylinder (81) at angular intervals along the circumferential direction. The sliding grooves (811) are configured to allow the components of the rotating unit to pass through and to allow them to rotate within a certain range along the axis of the fixed outer cylinder (81).

3. The lithium battery separator waste recycling equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drive unit includes a support frame (83) fixed on the crusher (1) with a frame (11), a drive motor (84) fixed on one side of the support frame (83), an eccentric wheel (85) fixed on the output end of the drive motor (84), a lifting link (86), a linear guide rail (87), a guide rail slider (88), and a lifting drive arm (89); a pin is eccentrically provided on the eccentric wheel (85), one end of the lifting link (86) is movably connected to the pin, and the other end is movably connected to the guide rail slider (88) through a shaft pin, the linear guide rail (87) is fixed on the other side of the support frame (83), the guide rail slider (88) is slidably disposed on the linear guide rail (87), one end of the lifting drive arm (89) is fixed on the guide rail slider (88), and the other end is fixedly connected to the surface of the lifting inner cylinder (82).

4. The lithium battery separator waste recycling equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air blowing unit includes a transmission beam (91), an arched guide column (92), a mounting bracket (93), a piston cylinder (94), a piston rod (95), and an exhaust hose (96). The transmission beam (91) is fixed at the bottom edge of the surface of the lifting inner cylinder (82) and is movably sleeved on the arched guide column (92). The arched guide column (92) is fixed on the frame (11). The mounting bracket (93) is fixed on the frame (11) and located above the arched guide column (92). The piston cylinder (94) is vertically fixed on the mounting bracket (93). The piston rod (95) is fitted inside the piston cylinder (94), and its bottom end is connected to the transmission beam (91). It is configured to reciprocate the air pumping motion inside the piston cylinder (94) as the transmission beam (91) rises and falls. Its top end is connected to one end of the exhaust hose (96).

5. The lithium battery separator waste recycling equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The linkage unit includes a support frame (97), a cylindrical cam (98), a cam groove (99), a follower pin (951), a transmission shaft (910), and a pinion (912). The support frame (97) is fixed on the frame (11). The cylindrical cam (98) is vertically rotatably mounted on the support frame (97). The cam groove (99) is spirally opened on the circumferential surface of the cylindrical cam (98). The follower pin (951) is fixed to the side of the piston rod (95) and slides into the cam groove (99). It is configured to drive the cylindrical cam (98) to rotate by the vertical lifting motion of the piston rod (95). The bottom end of the transmission shaft (910) is fixed to the top end of the cylindrical cam (98), and the pinion (912) is fixed to the top end of the transmission shaft (910).

6. The lithium battery separator waste recycling equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotating unit includes an annular cover (913), an annular platform (914), a large gear (915), several pipe clamps (916), and an annular air pipe (917). The annular cover (913) is sleeved on the top of the fixed outer cylinder (81). The annular platform (914) is rotatably disposed inside the annular cover (913) via bearings. The large gear (915) is fixedly sleeved on the annular platform (914) and meshes with the small gear (912) of the linkage unit. It is configured to receive rotational power and drive the annular platform (914) to rotate. The annular air pipe (917) is fixed on the annular platform (914) via the pipe clamps (916) and sleeved on the outside of the fixed outer cylinder (81). Its air inlet end is connected to the other end of the exhaust hose (96).

7. The lithium battery separator waste recycling equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating unit also includes a plurality of right-angle nozzles (918), which are spaced apart and connected to the annular air pipe (917) along the circumferential direction and are staggered vertically to correspond to the position of the sliding groove (811). The jet end of the right-angle nozzle (918) passes through the sliding groove (811) and extends into the interior of the fixed outer cylinder (81), and is configured to blow on the outer wall of the lifting inner cylinder (82) while rotating with the annular platform (914).

8. The lithium battery separator waste recycling equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rotary blow-off assembly (9) also includes a mounting cover (911), which is integrally fixed to the surface of the annular cover (913) and is configured to protect the meshing part of the pinion (912) and the gear (915). The upper part of the transmission shaft (910) passes through the mounting cover (911) and is connected to the pinion (912).

9. The lithium battery separator waste recycling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crusher (1) includes a frame (11), a feed hopper (12), a discharge port (121), a right crushing motor (13), a right crushing cutter roller (131), a left crushing motor (14), a left crushing cutter roller (141), a pressing frame (15), and a driving component (16). The feed hopper (12) is fixed on the frame (11), and the discharge port (121) is located below the feed hopper (12). The right crushing motor (13) and the left crushing motor (14) are symmetrically arranged on the frame (11) and are respectively connected to the right crushing cutter roller (131) and the left crushing cutter roller (141). The pressing frame (15) is located inside the feed hopper (12), and the driving component (16) is installed on the pressing frame (15), with a pressing plate fixed to its telescopic end.

10. A process for recycling lithium battery separator waste as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, Crushing: The diaphragm waste is fed into the crusher (1), and the material after being crushed by the crusher (1) is discharged from the discharge port; S2, Anti-blocking feeding: The crushed material enters the anti-blocking feeding assembly (8); the drive unit works to drive the lifting inner cylinder (82) to make axial reciprocating lifting motion in the fixed outer cylinder (81), and uses the lifting inner cylinder (82) to mechanically scrape off the attached material; at the same time, the rotating blow-off assembly (9) converts the reciprocating lifting motion of the lifting inner cylinder (82) into the pumping action of the air blowing unit and the rotation action of the rotating unit, thereby driving the air nozzle to rotate in the circumferential direction inside the fixed outer cylinder (81) while spraying the gas generated by the pumping action onto the inner wall of the lifting inner cylinder (82) for blowing and cleaning; S3, Conveying and Purification: The material after anti-clogging treatment falls into the chain conveyor (2) and is conveyed to the purification device (3) for white oil removal treatment; S4. Post-processing: The purified material is dehydrated by a centrifugal dewatering machine (4), then dried by a tubular dryer (5), and finally sent to a cyclone silo (6) for collection.

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