Preparation method of high-wear-resistance alloy lining plate

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a high-wear-resistance alloy lining plate, and relates to the technical field of wear-resistance alloys, carbon steel and pig iron are mixed, heated and melted, high-carbon ferromanganese, medium-carbon ferrochrome and ferrosilicon are added, heating refining is carried out, aluminum powder is added, the mixture is put into a mold, cooling and demolding are carried out, heating homogenization, quenching and cooling are carried out, and a mother plate is prepared; mixing bismaleimide, the composite powder and sepiolite fibers, heating and stirring, coating a mother board with the mixture, firstly applying negative pressure, then applying positive pressure, heating and cooling to obtain a substrate layer; and placing the mother board in magnetron sputtering equipment, sputtering on the substrate layer to obtain a chromium nitride functional layer, and cooling to obtain the high-wear-resistance alloy lining board. The composite powder is prepared by mixing and heating chromium carbide powder and a hydrogen peroxide solution, filtering, mixing with an ethanol solution and gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, heating, condensing and refluxing, washing and drying, and mixing and heating with amine-terminated polyether and N, N-dimethylformamide. The wear-resistant stability of the alloy lining plate can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wear-resistant alloy technology, and specifically to a method for preparing a high wear-resistant alloy liner. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of industrialization, many pieces of equipment operate for extended periods under complex conditions such as high temperature, friction, and impact. In particular, various high-wear-resistant liners are commonly used in high-intensity ball mill working environments such as mining machinery, metallurgical equipment, and thermal power plants. The working surfaces of these liners are usually affected by external factors such as friction and high temperature, therefore, wear resistance stability has become an important indicator of liner performance.

[0003] Currently, common methods for preparing high wear-resistant alloy liners mainly involve adding a reinforcing layer with inorganic and organic phases to improve the hardness and wear resistance of the liner. However, these methods often face the following problems: inorganic phases settle in the reinforcing layer, leading to a decrease in the wear resistance of the liner; when the liner heats up due to friction, the reinforcing layer softens and local interlayer separation occurs, which in turn affects the wear resistance stability of the liner.

[0004] For example, patent application CN119433536A discloses a method for preparing a high wear-resistant alloy steel liner, including the following steps: S1. Placing the alloy steel liner in an iron-nickel-boron plating solution and electroplating it to obtain an alloy steel liner A with a plating layer A on its surface; S2. Taking the alloy steel liner A, and depositing a transition metal boride layer on its surface by arc ion plating, using this as plating layer B, to obtain alloy steel liner B; S3. Taking the alloy steel liner B, annealing it, and then boronizing it to obtain a high wear-resistant alloy steel liner. The iron-nickel-boron plating solution includes the following raw materials: 45~60g / L of sodium citrate dihydrate, 30~35g / L of boric acid, 5~8g / L of ammonium chloride, 80~100g / L of nickel aminosulfonate, 180~200g / L of iron aminosulfonate, 0.5~0.8g / L of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 2~5g / L of modified boron nitride, and the remainder being deionized water. In this scheme, boron nitride is added to the iron-nickel-boron plating solution to improve the wear resistance of the liner. However, the boron nitride will settle during the electroplating process, resulting in a reduction of the modified boron nitride on the coating surface, which affects the wear resistance of the liner.

[0005] In summary, there is a need to provide a method for preparing a high wear-resistant alloy liner to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a method for preparing a high wear-resistant alloy liner, thereby improving the wear resistance stability of the alloy liner.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, a method for preparing a high wear-resistant alloy liner includes the following preparation steps: S1. Mix carbon steel and pig iron, heat and melt them, add high-carbon ferromanganese, medium-carbon ferrochrome and ferrosilicon, heat and refine, add aluminum powder, put into mold, cool and remove from mold, heat up to homogenize, quench, cool, and obtain the master plate. S2. Mix bismaleimide, composite powder and sepiolite fiber, heat and stir, then coat onto the base plate, apply negative pressure first, then positive pressure, heat up and cool to obtain the base layer. S3. Place the motherboard in a magnetron sputtering device to sputter a chromium nitride functional layer on the substrate layer, cool it, and obtain a high wear-resistant alloy liner. The composite powder is prepared by mixing and heating chromium carbide powder and hydrogen peroxide solution, filtering, mixing with ethanol solution and γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, heating, refluxing, washing and drying, and then mixing and heating with amino-terminated polyether and N,N-dimethylformamide.

[0008] To address the issues of the reinforcing layer easily softening and detaching under frictional heating conditions, and the inorganic phase (wear-resistant material) easily settling during the preparation of the reinforcing layer, leading to a decrease in the wear resistance of the liner surface, this invention sequentially prepares a base layer and a chromium nitride functional layer on a base plate to improve the wear resistance of the liner. Specifically, a base layer with high-temperature stability and anti-settling properties is prepared by composite slurry spraying combined with negative pressure degassing / positive pressure densification; and a continuous and dense chromium nitride functional layer is prepared on the base layer by sputtering, thereby improving the surface wear resistance of the liner.

[0009] In this invention, chromium carbide powder is activated with hydrogen peroxide, coupled with silane, and bridged with amino-terminated polyethers to prepare a composite powder. This introduces functional sites on the surface of the chromium carbide powder that can strongly interact with the organic phase, thereby reducing the risk of interfacial slippage between the inorganic and organic phases and laying the foundation for maintaining the overall integrity of the substrate layer under heating and shearing conditions. Subsequently, bismaleimide, the composite powder, and sepiolite fibers are mixed, heated, and cooled to obtain the substrate layer. The bismaleimide, as an organic heat-resistant phase, solidifies after melt polymerization to form a cross-linked network with a high glass transition temperature, which can maintain high structural stability in a friction-heated environment. The introduction of sepiolite fibers not only improves the structural viscosity of the composite slurry, giving it higher resistance to flow deformation during the film-forming stage, but also adsorbs and supports the composite powder, thereby reducing the probability of particle stratification and sedimentation and improving the dispersion uniformity of the composite powder in the substrate layer. After the composite slurry is sprayed to form a film, negative pressure is first applied to expel the gas trapped inside the composite slurry, further reducing the possibility of the composite powder settling in the composite slurry. Then, positive pressure is applied to make the composite slurry wet the base plate and enter the pores on the surface of the base plate, thereby improving the density of the base layer and the bonding force between the base layer and the base plate, reducing the stress concentration under the combined action of frictional heating and external shear load, improving the anti-peeling and peeling ability of the base layer, and thus improving the wear resistance of the liner under thermal / mechanical coupling conditions.

[0010] In this invention, a chromium nitride functional layer is deposited on the substrate using a sputtering method. This directly avoids the problem of inorganic phase sedimentation caused by density difference in the "inorganic / organic phase" reinforcement layer in the traditional method. Chromium nitride is no longer suspended in the composite slurry in the form of dispersed particles. Instead, it is generated in situ on the substrate surface by sputtering to form a uniform and dense structure. This further avoids the wear-resistant phase from delamination, enrichment, or depletion during preparation, curing, and settling. As a result, the inherent high hardness and heat resistance of chromium nitride are fully utilized, and the wear resistance of the liner is improved.

[0011] Optionally, the sepiolite fiber is furanized sepiolite fiber, which is prepared by grafting poly-2-vinylfuran onto sepiolite fiber as the main body after hydrochloric acid activation and surface modification with vinyltriethoxysilane.

[0012] This invention prepares furanized sepiolite fibers via chemical grafting. Under room temperature conditions, the furan groups on the surface of the furanized sepiolite fibers undergo a forward bonding reaction with maleimide, forming a cross-linked structure with elastic buffering effect within the substrate layer. This allows the substrate layer to effectively disperse and absorb externally applied stress under external force, thereby preventing the initiation and propagation of cracks. During ball milling, the liner is heated by friction, and the chemical bonds between the furan groups and maleimide begin a reverse dissociation reaction, effectively absorbing external heat energy and alleviating the thermal expansion stress accumulation in the substrate layer caused by temperature rise, preventing local interlayer delamination. This invention improves the elasticity and thermal stability of the substrate layer through the forward bonding and reverse dissociation reactions between furanized sepiolite fibers and maleimide, providing good support for the chromium nitride functional layer, thereby improving the long-term wear resistance stability of the liner.

[0013] Optionally, the furanized sepiolite fiber is prepared by mixing sepiolite fiber with 2wt% hydrochloric acid, heating to 70-80°C for 3-4 hours, filtering and washing until neutral, dispersing in xylene, heating to 80-85°C, purging with nitrogen, adding vinyltriethoxysilane dropwise, maintaining a constant temperature for 8-12 hours, cooling and filtering, dispersing in anhydrous toluene, adding 2-vinylfuran and benzoyl peroxide, heating to 75-80°C and refluxing for 6-9 hours, and filtering.

[0014] In this invention, the surface of sepiolite fibers is first activated with dilute hydrochloric acid, then vinyl active sites are introduced via vinyltriethoxysilane coupling, followed by grafting 2-vinylfuran onto the fiber surface under benzoyl peroxide initiation to obtain furanized sepiolite fibers. These furanized sepiolite fibers enhance structural support in the substrate layer and provide sites for forward bonding and reverse dissociation reactions with maleimide, thus contributing to improved wear resistance of the substrate layer.

[0015] Optionally, the composite powder is prepared by mixing chromium carbide powder with a particle size of 50-100 nm with a 5 wt% hydrogen peroxide solution, heating to 60-80°C, holding at that temperature for 2-4 hours, filtering, mixing with a 90 wt% ethanol solution and γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, heating to 70-85°C, refluxing for 6-12 hours, centrifuging, washing and drying, and then mixing the resulting powder with terminal amino polyether and N,N-dimethylformamide, heating to 100-120°C for 8-16 hours.

[0016] In this invention, chromium carbide powder is first activated with hydrogen peroxide to introduce oxygen-containing active sites on its surface. Then, it undergoes hydrolysis and condensation with γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane to form a silicon-oxygen bonded layer on the powder surface and introduce amino terminals. Subsequently, it reacts further with amino-terminated polyethers to introduce a flexible segment bridging structure to obtain a composite powder. This allows the composite powder to generate stronger interfacial coupling with the cross-linked skeleton formed by bismaleimide, improving load transfer and shear slip resistance. At the same time, under the structural support and adsorption of sepiolite fibers, it is easier to disperse evenly, reducing agglomeration and sedimentation, inhibiting crack initiation and propagation, thereby improving the density of the substrate layer and the wear resistance stability under thermal / mechanical coupling.

[0017] Optionally, in step S1, Q235 carbon steel and Z18 pig iron are mixed, heated to 1500~1520℃ for melting for 30~60 minutes, FeMn68C7.0 high-carbon ferromanganese, FeCr55C8.0 medium-carbon ferrochrome and FeSi75 ferrosilicon are added, heated to 1550~1580℃ for refining for 20~40 minutes, 4~6 parts of aluminum powder are added, the mixture is poured into a mold, cooled to 150~200℃ for demolding, heated to 1080~1100℃ for constant temperature homogenization for 3~3.5 hours, immersed in circulating water at 30~40℃ for quenching, and cooled to room temperature to obtain the mother plate.

[0018] Optionally, in step S2, bismaleimide is heated to 160~170℃, composite powder and sepiolite fiber are added, and stirred at 800~1000rpm for 30~40min to obtain a composite slurry; the composite slurry is coated onto a base plate, negative pressure is applied first, then positive pressure is applied, the temperature is raised to 220~240℃ for 4~6h, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain a base layer.

[0019] Optionally, the negative pressure range is -0.6 to -0.3 MPa, and the negative pressure holding time is 20 to 30 minutes; the positive pressure range is 0.2 to 0.5 MPa, and the positive pressure holding time is 40 to 50 minutes.

[0020] In this invention, the negative pressure stage, with a load of -0.6 to -0.3 MPa for 20 to 30 minutes, can extract the gas from the composite slurry, promoting the full wetting of the substrate surface by the composite slurry and reducing porosity and interfacial voids. Subsequently, the positive pressure stage, with a load of 0.2 to 0.5 MPa for 40 to 50 minutes, can further compact the composite slurry and press it into the pores / rough structure of the substrate surface, improving the bonding between the composite slurry and the substrate, and reducing stress concentration caused by curing shrinkage and thermal cycling.

[0021] Optionally, in step S3, the mother plate is placed in a magnetron sputtering apparatus, a vacuum is drawn, and argon and nitrogen gas with a flow-to-volume ratio of (3~5):1 are introduced. The pressure is adjusted to 0.5~1 Pa, and the temperature is heated to 150~180℃. The chromium target power density is controlled to be 5~10 W / cm³. 2 Sputtering for 120~180 min yields a chromium nitride functional layer on the substrate. After cooling to room temperature, a high wear-resistant alloy liner is obtained.

[0022] In this invention, a chromium nitride functional layer is deposited on a substrate using a sputtering method, forming a continuous and dense film layer that constitutes the working surface of the liner. Unlike incorporating chromium nitride powder into a composite slurry, the chromium nitride functional layer is generated in situ by sputtering deposition. This directly avoids the sedimentation, stratification, or surface depletion paths caused by density differences in inorganic particles within the composite slurry, thereby fully utilizing the high hardness and wear resistance of chromium nitride and improving the wear resistance of the liner.

[0023] Optionally, the mass ratio of carbon steel, pig iron, high-carbon ferromanganese, medium-carbon ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, and aluminum powder is (3450~3500):(180~200):(1300~1400):(240~250):(55~60):(4~6); the mass ratio of bismaleimide, composite powder, and sepiolite fiber is (120~130):(10~12):(2~3). The mass ratio of chromium carbide powder, hydrogen peroxide solution, ethanol solution, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, amino-terminated polyether and N,N-dimethylformamide is (10~12):(40~50):(100~120):(0.5~1.5):(1~2):(20~30).

[0024] Optionally, the mass ratio of the sepiolite fiber, hydrochloric acid, xylene, vinyltriethoxysilane, anhydrous toluene, 2-vinylfuran, and benzoyl peroxide is (2~3):(10~12):(15~20):(0.5~1):(20~30):(4~6):(0.1~0.2).

[0025] The above-described technical solution of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: In this invention, chromium carbide powder is activated with hydrogen peroxide, coupled with silane, and bridged with amino-terminated polyethers to obtain a composite powder. This powder is then mixed with bismaleimide and sepiolite fibers, heated, and cooled to form a base layer. The bismaleimide, as an organic heat-resistant phase, solidifies after melt polymerization to form a cross-linked network with a high glass transition temperature, maintaining high structural stability in a friction-heated environment. The introduction of sepiolite fibers enhances the slurry's resistance to flow deformation during film formation, reducing the probability of particle stratification and sedimentation, and improving the uniformity of the composite powder dispersion. After the composite slurry is sprayed and formed into a film, negative pressure is applied to expel entrained gas, followed by positive pressure to impregnate the base plate and penetrate its pores, improving the bonding force between the base layer and the base plate, thereby enhancing the wear resistance of the liner under thermal / mechanical coupling conditions.

[0026] In this invention, a chromium nitride functional layer is deposited on the substrate using a sputtering method. This directly avoids the problem of inorganic phase sedimentation caused by density difference in the "inorganic / organic phase" reinforcement layer in the traditional method. Chromium nitride is no longer suspended in the composite slurry in the form of dispersed particles. Instead, it is generated in situ on the substrate surface by sputtering to form a uniform and dense structure. This further avoids the wear-resistant phase from delamination, enrichment, or depletion during preparation, curing, and settling. As a result, the inherent high hardness and heat resistance of chromium nitride are fully utilized, and the wear resistance of the liner is improved. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. The described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1 3450 parts of Q235 carbon steel and 180 parts of Z18 pig iron were mixed and added to a smelting furnace and heated to 1500℃ for 30 minutes to melt. Then, 1300 parts of FeMn68C7.0 high-carbon ferromanganese, 240 parts of FeCr55C8.0 medium-carbon ferrochrome and 55 parts of FeSi75 ferrosilicon were added and heated to 1550℃ for 20 minutes to refine. The molten steel was then transferred to a transfer container and 4 parts of aluminum powder were added. The molten steel was poured into a mold, cooled to 150℃ to remove the mold, heated to 1080℃ and kept at a constant temperature for 3 hours to homogenize. The casting was then immersed in circulating water at 30℃ for quenching treatment. The casting was then removed and cooled to room temperature to obtain the master plate.

[0029] Ten parts of chromium carbide powder with a particle size of 50 nm and 40 parts of 5 wt% hydrogen peroxide solution were mixed, heated to 60 °C and kept at a constant temperature for 2 h, and then filtered. The mixture was then mixed with 100 parts of 90 wt% ethanol solution and 0.5 parts of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and stirred until homogeneous. The mixture was heated to 70 °C and refluxed for 6 h, then centrifuged, washed and dried. The resulting powder was mixed with 1 part of amino-terminated polyether and 20 parts of N,N-dimethylformamide and heated to 100 °C for 8 h to obtain composite powder.

[0030] Two parts of sepiolite fiber and ten parts of 2 wt% hydrochloric acid were mixed and heated to 70°C for 3 hours. After filtration and washing with deionized water until neutral, the mixture was dispersed in 15 parts of xylene, heated to 80°C, nitrogen gas was introduced, and 0.5 parts of vinyltriethoxysilane were added dropwise. The mixture was kept at a constant temperature for 8 hours, cooled and filtered, and then dispersed in 20 parts of anhydrous toluene. Four parts of 2-vinylfuran and 0.1 parts of benzoyl peroxide were added, and the mixture was heated to 75°C and refluxed for 6 hours. After filtration, furanized sepiolite fiber was obtained.

[0031] 120 parts of bismaleimide were heated to 160°C, and 10 parts of composite powder and 2 parts of furanized sepiolite fiber were added. The mixture was stirred at 800 rpm for 30 min to obtain a composite slurry. The composite slurry was coated onto a substrate, and a negative pressure of -0.6 MPa was applied for 20 min, followed by a positive pressure of 0.2 MPa for 40 min. The substrate was then heated to 220°C for 4 h and cooled to room temperature to obtain the base layer.

[0032] The motherboard was placed in the magnetron sputtering equipment, a vacuum was drawn, and argon and nitrogen gas with a flow rate-to-volume ratio of 3:1 were introduced. The working pressure was adjusted to 0.5 Pa, and the motherboard was heated to 150°C. The target power supply was turned on, and the chromium target power density was controlled to 5 W / cm³. 2 Sputtering for 120 minutes yields a chromium nitride functional layer on the substrate. After cooling to room temperature, a high wear-resistant alloy liner is obtained.

[0033] Example 2 3480 parts of Q235 carbon steel and 190 parts of Z18 pig iron were mixed and added to a smelting furnace and heated to 1510℃ for 45 minutes to melt. Then, 1350 parts of FeMn68C7.0 high-carbon ferromanganese, 245 parts of FeCr55C8.0 medium-carbon ferrochrome, and 58 parts of FeSi75 ferrosilicon were added and heated to 1560℃ for refining for 30 minutes. The molten steel was transferred to a transfer container, 5 parts of aluminum powder were added, and the molten steel was poured into a mold. The mold was cooled to 180℃ and demolded. The temperature was then raised to 1090℃ and kept constant for 3.2 hours to homogenize. The casting was then immersed in circulating water at 35℃ for quenching treatment. The casting was then removed and cooled to room temperature to obtain the master plate.

[0034] 11 parts of chromium carbide powder with a particle size of 80 nm and 45 parts of 5 wt% hydrogen peroxide solution were mixed, heated to 70 °C and kept at a constant temperature for 3 h, and then filtered. The mixture was then mixed with 110 parts of 90 wt% ethanol solution and 1 part of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and stirred until homogeneous. The mixture was heated to 78 °C and refluxed for 8 h, then centrifuged, washed and dried. The resulting powder was mixed with 1.5 parts of amino-terminated polyether and 25 parts of N,N-dimethylformamide and heated to 110 °C for 12 h to obtain composite powder.

[0035] 2.5 parts of sepiolite fiber and 11 parts of 2wt% hydrochloric acid were mixed and heated to 75°C for 3.5 h. After filtration and washing with deionized water until neutral, the mixture was dispersed in 18 parts of xylene, heated to 82°C, nitrogen gas was introduced, and 0.8 parts of vinyltriethoxysilane were added dropwise. The mixture was kept at a constant temperature for 10 h, cooled and filtered, and then dispersed in 25 parts of anhydrous toluene. 5 parts of 2-vinylfuran and 0.15 parts of benzoyl peroxide were added, and the mixture was heated to 78°C and refluxed for 7.5 h. After filtration, furanized sepiolite fiber was obtained.

[0036] 125 parts of bismaleimide were heated to 165°C, and 11 parts of composite powder and 2.5 parts of furanized sepiolite fiber were added. The mixture was stirred at 900 rpm for 35 min to obtain a composite slurry. The composite slurry was coated onto a substrate, and a negative pressure of -0.5 MPa was applied for 25 min, followed by a positive pressure of 0.35 MPa for 45 min. The substrate was then heated to 230°C for 5 h and cooled to room temperature to obtain the base layer.

[0037] The motherboard was placed in the magnetron sputtering equipment, a vacuum was drawn, and argon and nitrogen gas with a flow rate-to-volume ratio of 4:1 were introduced. The working pressure was adjusted to 0.8 Pa, and the motherboard was heated to 165°C. The target power supply was turned on, and the chromium target power density was controlled to 8 W / cm³. 2 Sputtering for 150 min yields a chromium nitride functional layer on the substrate. After cooling to room temperature, a high wear-resistant alloy liner is obtained.

[0038] Example 3 3500 parts of Q235 carbon steel and 200 parts of Z18 pig iron were mixed and added to a smelting furnace and heated to 1520℃ for 30 minutes to melt. Then, 1400 parts of FeMn68C7.0 high-carbon ferromanganese, 250 parts of FeCr55C8.0 medium-carbon ferrochrome, and 60 parts of FeSi75 ferrosilicon were added and heated to 1580℃ for 40 minutes to refine. The molten steel was then transferred to a transfer container, and 6 parts of aluminum powder were added. The molten steel was poured into a mold, cooled to 200℃ to remove the mold, heated to 1100℃ and kept at a constant temperature for 3.5 hours to homogenize. The casting was then immersed in circulating water at 40℃ for quenching treatment. The casting was then removed and cooled to room temperature to obtain the master plate.

[0039] 12 parts of chromium carbide powder with a particle size of 100 nm and 50 parts of 5 wt% hydrogen peroxide solution were mixed, heated to 80 °C and kept at a constant temperature for 4 h, and then filtered. The mixture was then mixed with 120 parts of 90 wt% ethanol solution and 1.5 parts of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and stirred until homogeneous. The mixture was heated to 85 °C and refluxed for 12 h, then centrifuged, washed and dried. The resulting powder was mixed with 2 parts of amino-terminated polyether and 30 parts of N,N-dimethylformamide and heated to 120 °C for 16 h to obtain composite powder.

[0040] Three parts of sepiolite fiber and 12 parts of 2wt% hydrochloric acid were mixed and heated to 80°C for 4 hours. After filtration and washing with deionized water until neutral, the mixture was dispersed in 20 parts of xylene, heated to 85°C, nitrogen gas was introduced, and 1 part of vinyltriethoxysilane was added dropwise. The mixture was kept at a constant temperature for 12 hours, cooled and filtered, and then dispersed in 30 parts of anhydrous toluene. Six parts of 2-vinylfuran and 0.2 parts of benzoyl peroxide were added, and the mixture was heated to 80°C and refluxed for 9 hours. After filtration, furanized sepiolite fiber was obtained.

[0041] 130 parts of bismaleimide were heated to 170°C, and 12 parts of composite powder and 3 parts of furanized sepiolite fiber were added. The mixture was stirred at 1000 rpm for 40 min to obtain a composite slurry. The composite slurry was coated onto a substrate, and a negative pressure of -0.3 MPa was applied for 30 min, followed by a positive pressure of 0.5 MPa for 50 min. The substrate was then heated to 240°C for 6 h and cooled to room temperature to obtain the base layer.

[0042] The motherboard was placed in the magnetron sputtering equipment, a vacuum was drawn, and argon and nitrogen gas with a flow rate-to-volume ratio of 5:1 were introduced. The working pressure was adjusted to 1 Pa, and the motherboard was heated to 180°C. The target power supply was turned on, and the chromium target power density was controlled to 10 W / cm³. 2 Sputtering for 180 minutes yields a chromium nitride functional layer on the substrate. After cooling to room temperature, a high wear-resistant alloy liner is obtained.

[0043] Example 4 3450 parts of Q235 carbon steel and 180 parts of Z18 pig iron were mixed and added to a smelting furnace and heated to 1500℃ for 30 minutes to melt. Then, 1300 parts of FeMn68C7.0 high-carbon ferromanganese, 240 parts of FeCr55C8.0 medium-carbon ferrochrome and 55 parts of FeSi75 ferrosilicon were added and heated to 1550℃ for 20 minutes to refine. The molten steel was then transferred to a transfer container and 4 parts of aluminum powder were added. The molten steel was poured into a mold, cooled to 150℃ to remove the mold, heated to 1080℃ and kept at a constant temperature for 3 hours to homogenize. The casting was then immersed in circulating water at 30℃ for quenching treatment. The casting was then removed and cooled to room temperature to obtain the master plate.

[0044] Ten parts of chromium carbide powder with a particle size of 50 nm and 40 parts of 5 wt% hydrogen peroxide solution were mixed, heated to 60 °C and kept at a constant temperature for 2 h, and then filtered. The mixture was then mixed with 100 parts of 90 wt% ethanol solution and 0.5 parts of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and stirred until homogeneous. The mixture was heated to 70 °C and refluxed for 6 h, then centrifuged, washed and dried. The resulting powder was mixed with 1 part of amino-terminated polyether and 20 parts of N,N-dimethylformamide and heated to 100 °C for 8 h to obtain composite powder.

[0045] 120 parts of bismaleimide were heated to 160°C, 10 parts of composite powder and 2 parts of sepiolite fiber were added, and the mixture was stirred at 800 rpm for 30 min to obtain a composite slurry. The composite slurry was coated onto a substrate, and a negative pressure of -0.6 MPa was applied for 20 min, followed by a positive pressure of 0.2 MPa for 40 min. The substrate was then heated to 220°C for 4 h and cooled to room temperature to obtain the base layer.

[0046] The motherboard was placed in the magnetron sputtering equipment, a vacuum was drawn, and argon and nitrogen gas with a flow rate-to-volume ratio of 3:1 were introduced. The working pressure was adjusted to 0.5 Pa, and the motherboard was heated to 150°C. The target power supply was turned on, and the chromium target power density was controlled to 5 W / cm³. 2 Sputtering for 120 minutes yields a chromium nitride functional layer on the substrate. After cooling to room temperature, a high wear-resistant alloy liner is obtained.

[0047] Example 5 3480 parts of Q235 carbon steel and 190 parts of Z18 pig iron were mixed and added to a smelting furnace and heated to 1510℃ for 45 minutes to melt. Then, 1350 parts of FeMn68C7.0 high-carbon ferromanganese, 245 parts of FeCr55C8.0 medium-carbon ferrochrome, and 58 parts of FeSi75 ferrosilicon were added and heated to 1560℃ for refining for 30 minutes. The molten steel was transferred to a transfer container, 5 parts of aluminum powder were added, and the molten steel was poured into a mold. The mold was cooled to 180℃ and demolded. The temperature was then raised to 1090℃ and kept constant for 3.2 hours to homogenize. The casting was then immersed in circulating water at 35℃ for quenching treatment. The casting was then removed and cooled to room temperature to obtain the master plate.

[0048] 11 parts of chromium carbide powder with a particle size of 80 nm and 45 parts of 5 wt% hydrogen peroxide solution were mixed, heated to 70 °C and kept at a constant temperature for 3 h, and then filtered. The mixture was then mixed with 110 parts of 90 wt% ethanol solution and 1 part of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and stirred until homogeneous. The mixture was heated to 78 °C and refluxed for 8 h, then centrifuged, washed and dried. The resulting powder was mixed with 1.5 parts of amino-terminated polyether and 25 parts of N,N-dimethylformamide and heated to 110 °C for 12 h to obtain composite powder.

[0049] 125 parts of bismaleimide were heated to 165°C, and 11 parts of composite powder and 2.5 parts of sepiolite fiber were added. The mixture was stirred at 900 rpm for 35 min to obtain a composite slurry. The composite slurry was coated onto a substrate, and a negative pressure of -0.5 MPa was applied for 25 min, followed by a positive pressure of 0.35 MPa for 45 min. The substrate was then heated to 230°C for 5 h and cooled to room temperature to obtain the base layer.

[0050] The motherboard was placed in the magnetron sputtering equipment, a vacuum was drawn, and argon and nitrogen gas with a flow rate-to-volume ratio of 4:1 were introduced. The working pressure was adjusted to 0.8 Pa, and the motherboard was heated to 165°C. The target power supply was turned on, and the chromium target power density was controlled to 8 W / cm³. 2 Sputtering for 150 min yields a chromium nitride functional layer on the substrate. After cooling to room temperature, a high wear-resistant alloy liner is obtained.

[0051] Example 6 3500 parts of Q235 carbon steel and 200 parts of Z18 pig iron were mixed and added to a smelting furnace and heated to 1520℃ for 60 minutes to melt. Then, 1400 parts of FeMn68C7.0 high-carbon ferromanganese, 250 parts of FeCr55C8.0 medium-carbon ferrochrome and 60 parts of FeSi75 ferrosilicon were added and heated to 1580℃ for 40 minutes to refine. The molten steel was then transferred to a transfer container and 6 parts of aluminum powder were added. The molten steel was poured into a mold, cooled to 200℃ to remove the mold, heated to 1100℃ and kept at a constant temperature for 3.5 hours to homogenize. The casting was then immersed in circulating water at 40℃ for quenching treatment. The casting was then removed and cooled to room temperature to obtain the master plate.

[0052] 12 parts of chromium carbide powder with a particle size of 100 nm and 50 parts of 5 wt% hydrogen peroxide solution were mixed, heated to 80 °C and kept at a constant temperature for 4 h, and then filtered. The mixture was then mixed with 120 parts of 90 wt% ethanol solution and 1.5 parts of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and stirred until homogeneous. The mixture was heated to 85 °C and refluxed for 12 h, then centrifuged, washed and dried. The resulting powder was mixed with 2 parts of amino-terminated polyether and 30 parts of N,N-dimethylformamide and heated to 120 °C for 16 h to obtain composite powder.

[0053] 130 parts of bismaleimide were heated to 170°C, and 12 parts of composite powder and 3 parts of sepiolite fiber were added. The mixture was stirred at 1000 rpm for 40 min to obtain a composite slurry. The composite slurry was coated onto a substrate, and a negative pressure of -0.3 MPa was applied for 30 min, followed by a positive pressure of 0.5 MPa for 50 min. The substrate was then heated to 240°C for 6 h and cooled to room temperature to obtain the base layer.

[0054] The motherboard was placed in the magnetron sputtering equipment, a vacuum was drawn, and argon and nitrogen gas with a flow rate-to-volume ratio of 5:1 were introduced. The working pressure was adjusted to 1 Pa, and the motherboard was heated to 180°C. The target power supply was turned on, and the chromium target power density was controlled to 10 W / cm³. 2 Sputtering for 180 minutes yields a chromium nitride functional layer on the substrate. After cooling to room temperature, a high wear-resistant alloy liner is obtained.

[0055] The present invention also includes comparative examples and related experiments.

[0056] Comparative Example 1 The only difference from Example 1 is that bismaleimide was not added; all other components and preparation steps were exactly the same, resulting in a high wear-resistant alloy liner.

[0057] Comparative Example 2 The only difference from Example 1 is that sepiolite fiber was not added; all other components and preparation steps were exactly the same, resulting in a high wear-resistant alloy liner.

[0058] Comparative Example 3 The only difference from Example 1 is that the "apply negative pressure first and then positive pressure" operation was not performed when preparing the base layer. The other components and preparation steps are completely the same, and a high wear-resistant alloy liner is obtained.

[0059] Performance testing: ① Wear resistance: Referring to the national standard GB / T 25705-2010 "Overflow ball mill liner wear", the liner wear A1 of the high wear-resistant alloy liners prepared in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was tested. The high wear-resistant alloy liners prepared in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were heated to 150℃ and kept at that temperature for 10 hours, then cooled to room temperature. After repeating the heating / cooling operation three times, the liner wear A2 was tested. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0060] ② Elasticity; Referring to the national standard GB / T 22315-2008 "Test Method for Elastic Modulus and Poisson's Ratio of Metallic Materials", the compressive Young's modulus of the high wear-resistant alloy liners prepared in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0061] ③ Other properties: Referring to the industry standard YB / T 3226-2021 "Technical Conditions for High Chromium Wear-Resistant Cast Iron Liners", the surface hardness and impact absorption energy of the high wear-resistant alloy liners prepared in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were tested. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0062] Table 1

[0063] Compared to Examples 1-3, the sepiolite fibers used in the preparation of the high wear-resistant alloy liners in Examples 4-6 were not furanized. According to the test results in Table 1, the liner wear A1 and A2 of the high wear-resistant alloy liners in Examples 4-6 were increased, indicating that furanized sepiolite fibers help improve the wear resistance of the high wear-resistant alloy liners.

[0064] Based on the test results in Table 1, compared to Example 1, Comparative Example 1, without the addition of bismaleimide, showed a significant increase in liner wear A2 and a significant decrease in impact absorption energy, indicating that bismaleimide helps improve the wear resistance stability of the high wear-resistant alloy liner. Compared to Example 1, Comparative Example 2, without the addition of sepiolite fiber, showed an increase in liner wear A1 and A2, while the compression Young's modulus and surface hardness decreased, indicating that sepiolite fiber helps improve the wear resistance stability of the high wear-resistant alloy liner. Compared to Example 1, Comparative Example 3, without the "apply negative pressure first, then positive pressure" operation, showed a significant increase in liner wear A2, indicating that the "apply negative pressure first, then positive pressure" treatment during the preparation of the base layer helps improve the wear resistance stability of the high wear-resistant alloy liner.

[0065] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a high wear-resistant alloy liner, characterized in that, The preparation steps include the following: S1. Mix carbon steel and pig iron, heat and melt them, add high-carbon ferromanganese, medium-carbon ferrochrome and ferrosilicon, heat and refine, add aluminum powder, put into mold, cool and remove from mold, heat up to homogenize, quench, cool, and obtain the master plate. S2. Mix bismaleimide, composite powder and sepiolite fiber, heat and stir, then coat onto the base plate, apply negative pressure first, then positive pressure, heat up and cool to obtain the base layer. S3. Place the motherboard in a magnetron sputtering device to sputter a chromium nitride functional layer on the substrate layer, cool it, and obtain a high wear-resistant alloy liner. The composite powder is prepared by mixing and heating chromium carbide powder and hydrogen peroxide solution, filtering, mixing with ethanol solution and γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, heating, refluxing, washing and drying, and then mixing and heating with amino-terminated polyether and N,N-dimethylformamide.

2. The method for preparing a high wear-resistant alloy liner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sepiolite fiber is a furanized sepiolite fiber, which is prepared by grafting poly-2-vinylfuran onto sepiolite fiber as the main body after hydrochloric acid activation and surface modification with vinyltriethoxysilane.

3. The method for preparing a high wear-resistant alloy liner according to claim 2, characterized in that, The furanized sepiolite fiber was prepared by mixing sepiolite fiber with 2wt% hydrochloric acid, heating to 70-80℃ for 3-4 hours, filtering and washing until neutral, dispersing in xylene, heating to 80-85℃, purging with nitrogen, adding vinyltriethoxysilane dropwise, maintaining a constant temperature for 8-12 hours, cooling and filtering, dispersing in anhydrous toluene, adding 2-vinylfuran and benzoyl peroxide, heating to 75-80℃ and refluxing for 6-9 hours, and filtering.

4. The method for preparing a high wear-resistant alloy liner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite powder is prepared by mixing chromium carbide powder with a particle size of 50-100 nm with a 5 wt% hydrogen peroxide solution, heating to 60-80 °C, holding at that temperature for 2-4 h, filtering, mixing with a 90 wt% ethanol solution and γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, heating to 70-85 °C, refluxing for 6-12 h, centrifuging, washing and drying, and then mixing the resulting powder with amino-terminated polyether and N,N-dimethylformamide, heating to 100-120 °C for 8-16 h.

5. The method for preparing a high wear-resistant alloy liner according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, Q235 carbon steel and Z18 pig iron are mixed and heated to 1500~1520℃ for melting for 30~60 minutes. FeMn68C7.0 high-carbon ferromanganese, FeCr55C8.0 medium-carbon ferrochromium and FeSi75 ferrosilicon are added and heated to 1550~1580℃ for refining for 20~40 minutes. 4~6 parts of aluminum powder are added, the mixture is poured into a mold, cooled to 150~200℃ to remove the mold, heated to 1080~1100℃ for constant temperature homogenization for 3~3.5 hours, immersed in circulating water at 30~40℃ for quenching, and cooled to room temperature to obtain the mother plate.

6. The method for preparing a high wear-resistant alloy liner according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, bismaleimide is heated to 160-170°C, composite powder and sepiolite fiber are added, and the mixture is stirred at 800-1000 rpm for 30-40 minutes to obtain a composite slurry. The composite slurry is coated onto a base plate, negative pressure is applied first, then positive pressure is applied, and the temperature is raised to 220-240°C for 4-6 hours. The mixture is then cooled to room temperature to obtain a base layer.

7. The method for preparing a high wear-resistant alloy liner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The negative pressure ranges from -0.6 to -0.3 MPa, and the negative pressure holding time is 20 to 30 minutes; the positive pressure ranges from 0.2 to 0.5 MPa, and the positive pressure holding time is 40 to 50 minutes.

8. The method for preparing a high wear-resistant alloy liner according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the motherboard is placed in a magnetron sputtering apparatus, a vacuum is drawn, and argon and nitrogen gas with a flow-to-volume ratio of (3~5):1 are introduced. The pressure is adjusted to 0.5~1 Pa, and the temperature is heated to 150~180℃. The chromium target power density is controlled to be 5~10 W / cm³. 2 Sputtering for 120~180 min yields a chromium nitride functional layer on the substrate. After cooling to room temperature, a high wear-resistant alloy liner is obtained.

9. The method for preparing a high wear-resistant alloy liner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of carbon steel, pig iron, high-carbon ferromanganese, medium-carbon ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, and aluminum powder is (3450~3500):(180~200):(1300~1400):(240~250):(55~60):(4~6); the mass ratio of bismaleimide, composite powder, and sepiolite fiber is (120~130):(10~12):(2~3). The mass ratio of chromium carbide powder, hydrogen peroxide solution, ethanol solution, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, amino-terminated polyether and N,N-dimethylformamide is (10~12):(40~50):(100~120):(0.5~1.5):(1~2):(20~30).

10. The method for preparing a high wear-resistant alloy liner according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mass ratio of sepiolite fiber, hydrochloric acid, xylene, vinyltriethoxysilane, anhydrous toluene, 2-vinylfuran, and benzoyl peroxide is (2~3):(10~12):(15~20):(0.5~1):(20~30):(4~6):(0.1~0.2).

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