Compressor automatic control method and system based on surge actual measurement and dynamic decoupling

Abstract

The invention provides a compressor automatic control method and system based on surge actual measurement and dynamic decoupling, and relates to the technical field of compressor automatic control, and the compressor automatic control method comprises the following steps: S1, surge actual measurement preparation is carried out, actual measurement parameters of different load gradients of a compressor are determined, and high-precision data acquisition equipment and emergency safety measures are configured; s2, actually measuring dynamic surge, gradually adjusting the opening degree of an anti-surge valve according to a preset load gradient to trigger a critical surge working condition, and collecting and filtering real-time operation parameters; according to the method, the surge curve is optimized through accurate surge actual measurement, the safety margin is reduced to 3% from traditional 10%, the invalid opening degree of an anti-surge valve is greatly reduced, the total gas backflow amount is reduced, and therefore invalid work consumption of a compressor is reduced; the dynamic decoupling control logic ensures that the unit operates under the optimal working condition, the steam energy consumption is reduced, the actual application verifies that the steam consumption of the compressor unit can be averagely reduced by 16%-18%, and the operation economy of the system is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of compressor automation control technology, and in particular to a compressor automatic control method and system based on surge measurement and dynamic decoupling. Background Technology

[0002] In ammonia synthesis plants within the petrochemical industry, large compressor units are core and critical equipment, and their operational stability directly determines the overall production capacity and safety of the plant. Currently, large compressor units in ammonia synthesis plants generally employ a control method combining manual adjustment and traditional DCS control systems. Operators primarily rely on their production experience to manually adjust key components such as the air compressor inlet guide vanes, turbine speed control mechanisms, and anti-surge valves to maintain stable unit operation. Furthermore, in this traditional control method, various control parameters are scattered across different operating screens, requiring operators to monitor and adjust across multiple screens. The control logic is mainly based on simple PID regulation, lacking targeted surge control models and multi-parameter collaborative adjustment mechanisms.

[0003] Existing technologies have numerous drawbacks, severely restricting the operational efficiency and safety of compressor units. Firstly, the operational risks are extremely high. Relying on frequent adjustments based on manual experience, and with the molecular sieve pressure equalization and switching processes causing significant fluctuations in parameters such as compressor inlet pressure and booster outlet pressure, operation is extremely difficult, demanding high skill levels from operators and posing a significant risk of misoperation. Furthermore, manual adjustment exhibits significant lag, making it highly susceptible to compressor surge due to uncontrolled inlet pressure during production fluctuations, potentially leading to interlocked shutdowns. Each shutdown results in at least 72 hours of production interruption and economic losses exceeding 3 million yuan. Secondly, energy efficiency is low. Large compressor units typically use 9.8MPa steam to drive turbines, and the system load is usually only around 70% during normal operation. To maintain stable system pressure, the anti-surge reflux valves of units such as the syngas compressor and ammonia refrigeration unit must maintain a large opening, resulting in significant gas reflux and ineffective compressor work. This not only increases steam energy consumption but also reduces the overall system's operational economy. Finally, the control precision is insufficient. Traditional DCS systems lack real-time decoupling control functions. The adjustment actions of components such as anti-surge valves and speed control valves interfere with each other, and the system response time is as long as 30 seconds or more. It is difficult to cope with rapid process fluctuations and cannot achieve accurate and stable control of the unit's operating conditions. Therefore, this invention proposes an automatic compressor control method and system based on surge measurement and dynamic decoupling to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes an automatic compressor control method and system based on surge measurement and dynamic decoupling. By accurately measuring surge and optimizing the surge curve, the safety margin is reduced from the traditional 10% to 3%, significantly reducing the ineffective opening of the anti-surge valve and decreasing the total gas backflow, thereby reducing the compressor's ineffective power consumption. The dynamic decoupling control logic ensures that the unit operates under optimal conditions, reducing steam energy consumption. Practical application verification shows that it can reduce the average steam consumption of the compressor unit by 16%-18%, significantly improving the system's operational economy.

[0005] To achieve the objectives of this invention, the invention is implemented through the following technical solution: an automatic compressor control method based on surge measurement and dynamic decoupling, characterized by comprising the following steps: S1: Preparation for surge test, determine the test parameters of the compressor under different load gradients, configure high-precision data acquisition equipment and emergency safety measures; S2: Dynamic surge measurement, gradually adjust the opening of the anti-surge valve according to the preset load gradient to trigger the critical surge condition, and collect and filter real-time operating parameters; S3: Construct a dynamic surge model, generate surge line, anti-surge line and operating line based on measured data, and optimize safety margin parameters; S4: Dynamic decoupling control, which collects real-time operating parameters of the compressor and builds a cascade control model through a dedicated control algorithm to eliminate multi-parameter coupling interference; S5: Fully automatic operation control, which integrates control logic with the DCS system to achieve automatic adjustment of operating parameters, and combines redundant control and degradation strategies to deal with abnormal operating conditions.

[0006] Further improvements are made in the following: In S2, the load gradient includes five gradients: 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. Real-time operating parameter acquisition is achieved through a high-speed data acquisition system with a sampling frequency ≥10kHz. During data acquisition, a real-time surge margin calculation algorithm is used, with the formula as follows: SM=(Q a -Q_cr) / Q_cr×100%, Where: SM represents surge margin, in percentages (%); Q a Q_cr is the actual inlet flow rate of the compressor, in m³ / h; Q_cr is the critical surge flow rate under the corresponding operating condition, in m³ / h.

[0007] A further improvement is made in S2, where a load gradient adjustment rate control algorithm is used during dynamic surge testing to ensure test safety. The formula is as follows: v = v0 × (1 - SM / 100), Where: v is the load gradient adjustment rate, in % / min; v0 is the base adjustment rate, in % / min; SM is the real-time surge margin, in %.

[0008] A further improvement is made in S3, where, when constructing the dynamic surge model, a flow compensation algorithm is used to correct the critical flow rate under different temperature and pressure conditions. The formula is as follows: Q_cr'=Q_cr×√[(P n / P a )×(T a / T n )], Where: Q_cr' is the corrected critical surge flow rate, in m³ / h; P n P represents atmospheric pressure under standard operating conditions, expressed in kPa. a T represents the actual inlet pressure of the compressor, in kPa. n Temperature under standard operating conditions, in K; T a This is the actual inlet temperature of the compressor, in Kelvin (K).

[0009] A further improvement is made in S4, where the dedicated control algorithm employs an adaptive PID parameter adjustment algorithm to achieve decoupled control. The proportional parameter adjustment formula is as follows: Kp=Kp0×[1+k×(SM-SM0) / SM0], Where: Kp is the real-time proportional parameter; Kp0 is the initial proportional parameter; k is the adaptive adjustment coefficient, ranging from 0.3 to 0.8; SM is the real-time surge margin, in %; and SM0 is the optimal surge margin, in %.

[0010] A further improvement is made in S5, where the abnormal operating condition judgment adopts a response time threshold algorithm, the formula of which is: t_r≤t_max×(SM / SM0), Where: t_r is the actual system response time in seconds; t_max is the maximum allowable response time in seconds; SM is the real-time surge margin in seconds; and SM0 is the optimal surge margin in seconds.

[0011] The compressor automatic control system based on surge measurement and dynamic decoupling includes a data acquisition module, a surge detection module, a control module, an execution module, and a human-machine interaction module. The data acquisition module is used to collect compressor inlet and outlet pressure, flow rate, temperature, speed, vibration, and displacement operating parameters. The surge detection module is used to perform multi-gradient surge measurement, record critical surge condition data, and generate various characteristic curves. The control module incorporates a dedicated dynamic modeling algorithm and decoupled control logic to achieve surge prediction, parameter optimization, and abnormal operating condition decision-making. The execution module responds to control commands and adjusts key parameters such as the anti-surge valve opening and turbine speed. The human-machine interaction module integrates and displays various operating parameters, characteristic curves, and alarm information, and supports switching between manual and automatic control.

[0012] A further improvement is that the control module includes an algorithm processing unit and a fault decision unit. The algorithm processing unit has all algorithms built in, and the fault decision unit is used to identify the surge risk level and trigger the corresponding control strategy.

[0013] Further improvements include: the data acquisition module includes a piezoelectric pressure sensor, a flow sensor, a temperature sensor, and a vibration sensor, wherein the pressure sensor has a resolution of ≤0.1kPa, and the sensor signal transmission adopts an anti-interference processing circuit.

[0014] Further improvements include: the execution module adopts a dual-redundant drive structure with a response time of ≤50ms, providing the function of switching to manual control mode when automatic control fails, and the switching process is free from operating condition fluctuations.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention optimizes the surge curve through precise surge measurement, reducing the safety margin from the traditional 10% to 3%, significantly reducing the ineffective opening of the anti-surge valve, reducing the total gas backflow, and thus reducing the compressor's ineffective power consumption; the dynamic decoupling control logic ensures that the unit operates under optimal conditions, reducing steam energy consumption. Practical application verification shows that it can reduce the average steam consumption of the compressor unit by 16%-18%, significantly improving the system's operating economy.

[0016] 2. The dynamic decoupling control model constructed in this invention eliminates the coupling interference between multiple parameters. Combined with a high-speed data acquisition system and a dedicated control algorithm, the system response time is shortened from more than 30 seconds to less than 5 seconds, and can reach less than 3 seconds under some operating conditions. It also achieves precise control of pressure fluctuations ≤ ±1%, effectively copes with the parameter impact caused by process fluctuations such as molecular sieve pressure equalization switching, and greatly improves the stability of unit operation.

[0017] 3. This invention realizes fully automatic control of the compressor under all operating conditions. Operators only need to set the target parameters and do not need to make frequent manual adjustments. This changes the traditional mode of operation that relies on manual experience, reduces the risk of misoperation, and the system has accurate surge prediction and rapid response functions, which reduces the surge occurrence rate by more than 80%, avoids interlocking shutdowns caused by surge, reduces annual lost working time by more than 200 hours, and greatly improves production safety.

[0018] 4. This invention adds a dual-redundancy control and degradation control strategy, and sets up a multi-level protection mechanism including main control mode, backup control mode, conservative PID mode and safe shutdown, to ensure that the system can still operate stably or shut down safely in the event of a fault. Moreover, the dynamic model built by multi-load gradient surge test can adapt to the control requirements of different load conditions, and is applicable to a variety of large compressor units such as syngas compressors, ammonia refrigeration machines, and air compressors, and has wide industrial applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To enhance understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. These embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1 according to Figure 1 , 2 As shown, this embodiment proposes an automatic compressor control method and system based on surge measurement and dynamic decoupling: Preparation stage for surge test First, a detailed surge test plan was developed, clearly defining the test parameters for each stage of compressor surge, including key parameters such as inlet flow rate, inlet pressure, outlet pressure, vibration amplitude, and shaft displacement. The test objectives, procedures, and emergency safety measures were also clearly defined to ensure a safe and controllable testing process. Professional surge detection equipment was selected, equipped with high-precision sensors and a high-speed data acquisition system. The sensors included piezoelectric pressure sensors (resolution ≤0.1kPa), high-precision flow sensors, and vibration displacement sensors. The data acquisition system had a sampling frequency ≥10kHz and featured signal amplification, interference filtering, and high-speed data transmission capabilities, converting the acquired analog signals into digital signals for subsequent processing.

[0022] Dynamic surge test phase Dynamic surge testing was initiated during compressor start-up or when the load changed. The anti-surge valve was gradually closed at five load gradients: 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%, triggering the critical surge condition. During the test, a high-speed data acquisition system collected operating parameters in real time at each load gradient. Simultaneously, the system automatically triggered fast-opening logic to ensure the anti-surge valve response time was ≤50ms, preventing equipment damage due to prolonged exposure to critical surge conditions. The collected raw data was filtered to remove interference signals, retaining only valid data for subsequent model building.

[0023] Dynamic surge model construction stage Based on the effective data collected from actual measurements, three core curves are compiled and generated: the operating curve, the anti-surge curve, and the surge curve. The measured curves are compared and analyzed with the original design curves to optimize the surge curve parameters. Real-time dynamic modeling is achieved through a dedicated control algorithm to construct the compressor aerodynamic model and realize logic control. IEC 61131-3 structured text code is automatically generated using coding tools. Real-time operating data of the compressor, including parameters such as inlet and outlet pressure, speed, intake flow rate, and temperature, is collected based on the OPC protocol. The surge function control module is edited in the underlying logic, retaining the basic safety margin, and calculating the surge curve and dynamic safety margin in real time. The optimized surge line safety margin is reduced from the traditional 10% to 3%. Simultaneously, the surge function control module has a surge risk level identification function, which can divide the surge point into dangerous, high-risk, medium-risk, and low-risk zones, and output different control commands for different risk zones.

[0024] Dynamic decoupling control stage Real-time compressor operating data is collected by sensors. Field monitoring instruments convert the collected parameters into electrical signals, which are then converted into digital signals by the safety barrier in the control cabinet and transmitted to the DCS system. The collected real-time data and the measured surge curve are integrated into a single operating screen for centralized monitoring and control. A multi-parameter cascade PID control model is constructed, selecting inlet pressure as the primary control variable and anti-surge valve opening and turbine speed as secondary control variables. Dynamic decoupling control logic eliminates coupling interference between the primary and secondary control variables. An adaptive adjustment module is added to dynamically adjust the PID parameters according to the real-time load, ensuring control accuracy under different operating conditions.

[0025] Fully automated operation and safety assurance stage The constructed control logic is deeply integrated with the DCS system to achieve fully automatic compressor operation control. Operators only need to set the target pressure value, and the system can automatically adjust parameters such as the anti-surge valve opening and turbine speed to maintain stable operating conditions and ensure pressure fluctuations are ≤±1%. A fault-safe mechanism is set in the control module, and degraded control logic is developed, adopting a dual-redundant control structure. When a system fault occurs, it first switches to the backup control mode. If the backup mode fails, it switches to the conservative PID mode. Finally, if the fault cannot be eliminated, a safe shutdown operation is performed to prevent the fault from escalating. At the same time, a manual and automatic control switch button is added to the human-machine interface, supporting manual intervention and adjustment under low load or special abnormal operating conditions, with no operating condition fluctuations during the switching process.

[0026] Example 2 according to Figure 1 , 2 As shown, this embodiment proposes an automatic control method and system for compressors based on surge measurement and dynamic decoupling. This invention is applied to the synthesis gas compressor of a petrochemical enterprise's ammonia synthesis unit. The compressor has a rated power of 5000kW and a rated speed of 15000r / min. First, a surge testing scheme was developed, configuring a piezoelectric pressure sensor (resolution 0.08kPa) and a high-speed data acquisition system (sampling frequency 15kHz). Testing was initiated during the compressor's start-up phase, with the anti-surge valve gradually closed according to load gradients of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%, collecting inlet flow, pressure, and vibration data under each operating condition. Based on the measured data, a dynamic surge model was constructed. After optimization, the safety margin was reduced to 3%, and the anti-surge valve opening was reduced by 52%. Integrated dynamic decoupled control logic was implemented, selecting the inlet pressure (set value 2.5MPa) as the primary control variable, and the anti-surge valve opening and turbine speed as secondary control variables, shortening the system response time to 3.2 seconds. After six months of operation, the compressor did not experience a single surge, steam consumption decreased by 18%, and annual cost savings were approximately 2.6 million yuan.

[0027] Example 3 according to Figure 1 , 2 As shown, this embodiment proposes an automatic control method and system for compressors based on surge measurement and dynamic decoupling, and applies this invention to an ammonia refrigeration machine: The system simulates an abnormal operating condition where the inlet pressure suddenly drops by 20% due to the switching of molecular sieve pressure equalization. The system captures the pressure surge signal in real time through a high-speed data acquisition system. After calculation by the surge function control module, it determines that the surge point has entered a high-risk zone and immediately triggers a fast-opening command for the anti-surge valve, with a response time of 42ms. Simultaneously, the turbine speed is increased by 2%, and the inlet pressure is stabilized to the set value within 3 seconds. Because the system has abnormal operating condition identification and rapid response capabilities, surge as in traditional control methods is avoided, preventing production fluctuations.

[0028] Example 4 according to Figure 1 , 2 As shown in the figure, this embodiment proposes an automatic control method and system for compressors based on surge measurement and dynamic decoupling. In a large-scale ammonia synthesis plant, the present invention is used to achieve coordinated decoupling control of three units: synthesis gas compressor, ammonia refrigeration machine and carbon dioxide compressor.

[0029] Operating parameters of the three units are collected through a unified high-speed data acquisition network to construct a global dynamic decoupled control model, eliminating parameter interference between units. During operation, when the load of the carbon dioxide compressor is adjusted, the system automatically adjusts the opening degree and speed of the anti-surge valves of the syngas compressor and the ammonia refrigeration unit to ensure that the operating conditions of the three units are stable within the set range, with pressure fluctuations ≤ ±0.8%, which is significantly reduced compared to the fluctuation range (±5%) of traditional control methods.

[0030] Example 5 according to Figure 1 ,2 As shown, this embodiment proposes an automatic control method and system for compressors based on surge measurement and dynamic decoupling. Fault simulation tests are performed on the air compressor using this invention, and the main control module fault is artificially triggered.

[0031] After detecting a fault, the system automatically switched to backup control mode within 0.5 seconds to continue maintaining stable operation of the air compressor. Subsequently, simulating a backup mode fault, the system immediately switched to conservative PID mode, temporarily increasing the safety margin to 5% to ensure safe operation. Finally, a manual switching operation was performed. The entire process was free of surge risk, and the operating condition fluctuation was ≤±1%, verifying the effectiveness of the redundancy control and degradation strategy.

[0032] Example 6 according to Figure 1 , 2 As shown, this embodiment proposes an automatic control method and system for compressors based on surge measurement and dynamic decoupling. The energy-saving effect of the present invention is tested on an air compressor under different load conditions, namely, at 30%, 50%, 70%, and 90% load.

[0033] By optimizing the surge curve and implementing dynamic decoupling control, the anti-surge valve opening is reduced by 60% and ineffective backflow is reduced by 58% at 30% load; by 45% at 70% load and ineffective backflow by 42%; and by 38% at 90% load and ineffective backflow by 35%. Across the entire load range, steam consumption is reduced by an average of 16%, demonstrating significant energy-saving effects.

[0034] Validation data This invention has been practically applied to large compressor units in ammonia synthesis plants of multiple petrochemical enterprises, and the summarized data are as follows: the system response time has been shortened from more than 30 seconds to ≤5 seconds, with an average response time of 3.5 seconds; the pressure fluctuation range has been reduced from ±5% to within ±1%; the surge incidence rate has decreased by more than 80%, and no interlocking shutdowns have occurred due to surge; steam consumption has been reduced by an average of 16%-18%, saving 2-2.6 million yuan in costs per unit per year; the labor intensity of operators has been reduced by more than 70%, reducing downtime by more than 200 hours per year; the average mean time between failures (MTBF) of the system has been increased to more than 8,000 hours, and the operational reliability has been significantly improved.

[0035] This invention optimizes the surge curve through precise surge measurement, reducing the safety margin from the traditional 10% to 3%, significantly reducing the ineffective opening of the anti-surge valve, lowering the total gas backflow, and thus reducing the compressor's ineffective power consumption. The dynamic decoupling control logic ensures the unit operates under optimal conditions, reducing steam energy consumption. Practical application verification shows that it can reduce compressor steam consumption by an average of 16%-18%, significantly improving system operating economy. Simultaneously, the dynamic decoupling control model constructed in this invention eliminates coupling interference between multiple parameters. Combined with a high-speed data acquisition system and a dedicated control algorithm, it shortens the system response time from over 30 seconds to less than 5 seconds, and under some operating conditions, it can reach less than 3 seconds. It also achieves precise control with pressure fluctuations ≤±1%, effectively addressing parameter shocks caused by process fluctuations such as molecular sieve pressure equalization switching, and significantly improving the unit's operational stability. Furthermore, this invention achieves fully automatic control of the compressor under all operating conditions. Operators only need to set target parameters, eliminating the need for frequent manual adjustments. This changes the traditional mode of operation relying on manual experience, reducing the risk of misoperation. The system also features accurate surge prediction and rapid response, reducing the surge incidence rate by over 80%, avoiding interlocking shutdowns caused by surge, reducing annual lost-work time by over 200 hours, and significantly improving production safety. Finally, this invention incorporates dual-redundancy control and degradation control strategies, setting up a multi-level protection mechanism including a main control mode, backup control mode, conservative PID mode, and safe shutdown. This ensures stable operation or safe shutdown in case of faults. Moreover, the dynamic model constructed through multi-load gradient surge measurements can adapt to the control requirements of different load conditions, making it suitable for various large compressor units such as syngas compressors, ammonia refrigeration units, and air compressors, demonstrating broad industrial applicability.

[0036] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic control method for compressors based on surge measurement and dynamic decoupling, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Preparation for surge test, determine the test parameters of the compressor under different load gradients, configure high-precision data acquisition equipment and emergency safety measures; S2: Dynamic surge measurement, gradually adjust the opening of the anti-surge valve according to the preset load gradient to trigger the critical surge condition, and collect and filter real-time operating parameters; S3: Construct a dynamic surge model, generate surge line, anti-surge line and operating line based on measured data, and optimize safety margin parameters; S4: Dynamic decoupling control, which collects real-time operating parameters of the compressor and builds a cascade control model through a dedicated control algorithm to eliminate multi-parameter coupling interference; S5: Fully automatic operation control, which integrates control logic with the DCS system to achieve automatic adjustment of operating parameters, and combines redundant control and degradation strategies to deal with abnormal operating conditions.

2. The compressor automatic control method based on surge measurement and dynamic decoupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the load gradient includes five gradients: 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. Real-time operating parameter acquisition is achieved through a high-speed data acquisition system with a sampling frequency ≥10kHz. During data acquisition, a real-time surge margin calculation algorithm is used, with the following formula: SM=(Q a -Q_cr) / Q_cr×100%, Where: SM represents surge margin, in percentages (%); Q a Q_cr is the actual inlet flow rate of the compressor, in m³ / h; Q_cr is the critical surge flow rate under the corresponding operating condition, in m³ / h.

3. The compressor automatic control method based on surge measurement and dynamic decoupling according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S2, during the dynamic surge test, a load gradient adjustment rate control algorithm is used to ensure test safety. The formula is: v = v0 × (1 - SM / 100), Where: v is the load gradient adjustment rate, in % / min; v0 is the base adjustment rate, in % / min; SM is the real-time surge margin, in %.

4. The compressor automatic control method based on surge measurement and dynamic decoupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, when constructing the dynamic surge model, a flow compensation algorithm is used to correct the critical flow rate under different temperature and pressure conditions. The formula is as follows: Q_cr'=Q_cr×√[(P n / P a )×(T a / T n )], Where: Q_cr' is the corrected critical surge flow rate, in m³ / h; P n P represents atmospheric pressure under standard operating conditions, expressed in kPa. a T represents the actual inlet pressure of the compressor, in kPa. n Temperature under standard operating conditions, in K; T a This is the actual inlet temperature of the compressor, in Kelvin (K).

5. The compressor automatic control method based on surge measurement and dynamic decoupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the dedicated control algorithm adopts an adaptive PID parameter adjustment algorithm to achieve decoupled control. The proportional parameter adjustment formula is as follows: Kp=Kp0×[1+k×(SM-SM0) / SM0], Where: Kp is the real-time proportional parameter; Kp0 is the initial proportional parameter; k is the adaptive adjustment coefficient, ranging from 0.3 to 0.8; SM is the real-time surge margin, in %; and SM0 is the optimal surge margin, in %.

6. The compressor automatic control method based on surge measurement and dynamic decoupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the abnormal operating condition judgment adopts a response time threshold algorithm, and the formula is as follows: t_r≤t_max×(SM / SM0), Where: t_r is the actual system response time in seconds; t_max is the maximum allowable response time in seconds; SM is the real-time surge margin in seconds; and SM0 is the optimal surge margin in seconds.

7. An automatic compressor control system based on surge measurement and dynamic decoupling, applied to the automatic compressor control method based on surge measurement and dynamic decoupling as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: It includes a data acquisition module, a surge detection module, a control module, an execution module, and a human-machine interaction module. The data acquisition module is used to collect compressor inlet and outlet pressure, flow rate, temperature, speed, vibration, and displacement operating parameters. The surge detection module is used to perform multi-gradient surge measurements, record critical surge condition data, and generate various characteristic curves. The control module incorporates a dedicated dynamic modeling algorithm and decoupled control logic to achieve surge prediction, parameter optimization, and abnormal operating condition decision-making. The execution module responds to control commands and adjusts key parameters such as the anti-surge valve opening and turbine speed. The human-machine interaction module integrates and displays various operating parameters, characteristic curves, and alarm information, and supports switching between manual and automatic control.

8. The compressor automatic control system based on surge measurement and dynamic decoupling according to claim 7, characterized in that: The control module includes an algorithm processing unit and a fault decision unit. The algorithm processing unit has all algorithms built in, and the fault decision unit is used to identify the surge risk level and trigger the corresponding control strategy.

9. The compressor automatic control system based on surge measurement and dynamic decoupling according to claim 7, characterized in that: The data acquisition module includes a piezoelectric pressure sensor, a flow sensor, a temperature sensor, and a vibration sensor, wherein the pressure sensor has a resolution of ≤0.1kPa, and the sensor signal transmission adopts an anti-interference processing circuit.

10. The compressor automatic control system based on surge measurement and dynamic decoupling according to claim 7, characterized in that: The execution module adopts a dual-redundant drive structure with a response time of ≤50ms. It provides the function of switching to manual control mode when automatic control fails, and there is no fluctuation in operating conditions during the switching process.

Images