Automatic measurement equipment for sample size and measurement method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic measurement device for the size of a sample, and the device comprises a measurement workbench which is fixedly provided with two first supporting plates which are oppositely distributed, and a transverse guide rail is disposed between the two first supporting plates. A sliding block is assembled on the transverse guide rail in a sliding mode, a vertical guide rail is fixedly installed on the sliding block, and a vertical guide groove is formed in the vertical guide rail. The camera shooting equipment is arranged corresponding to a sample fixed by the clamp, the transverse position of the camera shooting equipment can be adjusted through matching of the transverse guide rail and the sliding block, and meanwhile the vertical height of the camera shooting equipment can be accurately adjusted by means of threaded matching of the adjusting lead screw and the connecting block and limiting and guiding of the vertical guide groove. Compared with the existing manually adjusted measuring equipment, the structure can be more flexibly adapted to the measuring requirements of samples with different specifications, the operation is convenient and fast, the position adjusting precision is higher, and the application range of the equipment is effectively expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of measuring equipment technology, specifically relating to an automatic measuring device and method for measuring sample size. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of materials testing and engineering measurement, accurate acquisition of sample dimensions is crucial. Currently, measurement mainly relies on manual use of tools such as calipers or general vision systems. The former is inefficient, prone to subjective errors, and difficult to measure irregular samples; while the latter achieves non-contact measurement, it usually has low equipment integration, lacks dedicated sample clamping, multi-degree-of-freedom positioning, and integrated image processing functions, resulting in insufficient automation and accuracy, making it difficult to meet the needs of efficient and reliable field or laboratory measurement.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a highly integrated and easy-to-operate automatic measurement device and method to automate the entire process from sample clamping, positioning adjustment, image acquisition to size calculation and display, so as to improve measurement efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic measurement device for sample size to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an automatic measuring device for sample size, comprising: The measuring worktable includes two relatively distributed first support plates fixedly mounted on it, and a transverse guide rail is installed between the two first support plates. A slider is slidably mounted on the transverse guide rail, and a vertical guide rail is fixedly mounted on the slider. The vertical guide rail has a vertical guide groove, and an adjusting screw is rotatably inserted inside the vertical guide rail. The top end of the adjusting screw extends to the outside of the vertical guide rail and is connected to a knob. A connecting block is slidably embedded in the vertical guide groove. The connecting block is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw, and a fixing plate is fixedly mounted on the connecting block. A camera control module and a camera device are sequentially mounted on the fixing plate. A second support plate is detachably mounted on the measuring worktable. A drive motor is mounted on the second support plate, and the output end of the drive motor is connected to a clamping controller. The clamping controller is equipped with a clamp for fixing the sample. The camera device is arranged corresponding to the sample fixed by the clamp.

[0006] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the outer wall of the connecting block is slidably fitted with the groove wall of the vertical guide groove, and the connecting block is provided with an internal threaded hole adapted to the adjusting screw.

[0007] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the slider is slidably engaged with the working surface of the transverse guide rail, and the slider can reciprocate along the length direction of the transverse guide rail.

[0008] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the power input end of the clamping controller, which can drive the clamp to perform clamping or releasing actions on the sample.

[0009] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the camera control module is electrically connected to the camera equipment, and the camera control module is capable of controlling the camera equipment to perform measurement data acquisition of the sample size.

[0010] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the clamp is detachably mounted on the clamping controller.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an automatic measurement device for sample size, which has the following advantages: 1. The horizontal position of the camera equipment can be adjusted by the cooperation of the horizontal guide rail and the slider. At the same time, the vertical height of the camera equipment can be precisely adjusted by the threaded cooperation of the adjusting screw and the connecting block and the limiting guidance of the vertical guide groove. Compared with the existing manually adjusted measuring equipment, this structure can more flexibly adapt to the measurement needs of different sample sizes, is easy to operate and has higher position adjustment accuracy, effectively expanding the applicability of the equipment. Second, the automatic clamping / releasing action of the sample is completed by driving the clamping controller linked to the drive motor, which replaces the traditional manual clamping method and avoids the sample fixation deviation caused by manual operation. At the same time, the camera control module is electrically linked with the camera equipment, which can automatically perform data acquisition for dimensional measurement. Compared with the existing semi-manual measurement equipment, it not only improves the stability of sample fixation, but also improves the automation level of the measurement process and the accuracy of data acquisition.

[0012] Secondly, the present invention provides a measurement method for an automatic measuring device for sample size, comprising: The clamping controller drives the clamp to hold the test sample. The position of the vertical guide rail is adjusted by sliding the slider along the horizontal guide rail. The knob is rotated to drive the adjusting screw to rotate, so that the connecting block is raised and lowered along the vertical guide groove, thereby adjusting the relative distance and angle between the camera equipment and the sample. The camera control module is activated to control the camera equipment to acquire a high-resolution image of the sample to be tested, and the image processing algorithm embedded in the camera control module is used to extract the contour boundary pixel coordinates of the high-resolution image; Based on the pre-defined ratio between pixel size and actual physical size, the contour pixel coordinates are converted into actual size data to calculate the sample size parameters of the test sample. The sample size parameters are then digitally displayed to obtain the measurement display results.

[0013] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, the method of using the clamping controller to drive the clamp to hold the test sample, adjusting the position of the vertical guide rail by sliding the slider along the horizontal guide rail, and rotating the knob to drive the adjusting screw to rotate, causing the connecting block to rise and fall along the vertical guide groove, thereby adjusting the relative distance and angle between the imaging equipment and the sample, includes: Based on the estimated size and shape characteristics of the sample to be tested, the initial clamping width of the fixture is set; The clamping controller is controlled to drive the clamping fixture to perform initial clamping and fixing of the sample with the initial clamping width. Based on the actual placement of the sample and the initial position of the camera equipment, the slider is manually or automatically slid along the horizontal guide rail, driving the vertical guide rail and the camera equipment to move horizontally until the center of the field of view of the camera equipment is initially aligned with the test area of ​​the sample. Rotate the knob according to the thickness or diameter of the sample and the required image resolution to drive the adjusting screw to rotate; By engaging the adjusting screw with the connecting block via a threaded connection, the rotational motion is converted into the linear lifting and lowering motion of the connecting block along the vertical guide groove. The lifting and lowering of the connecting block drives the camera equipment mounted on it to move vertically, thereby precisely adjusting the focusing distance between the camera equipment lens and the sample surface. During the vertical adjustment process, the horizontal position of the slider or the amount of rotation of the knob is finely adjusted by using the real-time preview image of the camera equipment, so that the sample is completely and clearly in the center of the field of view of the camera equipment, and the optical axis of the camera equipment remains perpendicular to the sample surface.

[0014] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, the step of extracting the contour boundary pixel coordinates of the high-resolution image using the image processing algorithm embedded in the camera control module includes: The high-resolution image is smoothed using a Gaussian filter to obtain a grayscale image; The grayscale image is initially extracted using an edge detection operator to obtain a set of edge pixels. By using a contour tracking algorithm to connect adjacent edge pixels in the set of edge pixels, a closed contour boundary is obtained; The closed contour boundary is mapped to the image coordinate system, and the coordinates of all its pixels are recorded to obtain the pixel coordinates of the contour boundary.

[0015] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, converting the contour boundary pixel coordinates into actual size data based on a pre-defined ratio between pixel size and actual physical size includes: Obtain the ratio factor between the pre-stored pixel size and the actual physical size, which is calculated by photographing a standard calibration board of known size; Multiply the X and Y coordinate values ​​of each pixel in the set of pixel coordinates of the contour boundary by the scaling factor to obtain the actual physical coordinates of the corresponding point. Based on the actual physical coordinates, the actual physical distance between points on the contour is calculated to generate the actual size data.

[0016] As can be seen, this invention, by clamping and adjusting the relative position of the camera equipment and the sample, creates the necessary and stable initial conditions for subsequent accurate acquisition of sample images and measurement of dimensions, ensuring the accuracy of the measurement benchmark and the clarity of image acquisition. By activating the camera control module, this invention controls the camera equipment to acquire high-resolution images of the sample under test, enabling the acquisition of clear visual information of the sample's surface and edges, providing a reliable image data foundation for subsequent contour recognition and structural analysis. This invention converts the pixel coordinates of the contour boundary into actual size data according to the pre-calibrated ratio between pixel size and actual physical size, thereby mapping the pixel information in the image coordinate system to the real physical world, achieving precise quantification of the sample's geometric dimensions. Based on the converted actual size data, the sample size parameters of the sample under test are calculated, directly obtaining key structural geometric information such as length, width, area, and key feature spacing, providing accurate input basis for subsequent structural analysis, load calculation, and quality control. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an automatic sample size measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a vertical guide rail structure proposed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a clamping controller structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating a measurement method for an automatic measurement device for sample size, as proposed in one embodiment of the invention; In the diagram: 1. Measuring workbench; 11. First support plate; 12. Horizontal guide rail; 13. Vertical guide rail; 131. Adjusting screw; 132. Connecting block; 133. Fixing plate; 134. Camera equipment; 135. Vertical guide groove; 136. Knob; 137. Camera control module; 138. Slider; 14. Second support plate; 141. Drive motor; 142. Clamping controller; 143. Fixture. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Please see Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the automatic sample size measuring device proposed in this invention, including a measuring workbench 1. The measuring workbench 1 is the basic load-bearing structure of the device, used to stably support various functional components. Two relatively distributed first support plates 11 are fixedly installed on the measuring workbench 1. A transverse guide rail 12 is installed between the two first support plates 11, which is used to provide a stable track for the transverse movement of subsequent components. A slider 138 is slidably mounted on the transverse guide rail 12. A vertical guide rail 13 is fixedly installed on the slider 138. The cooperation between the slider and the transverse guide rail can drive the vertical guide rail and subsequent components to synchronously adjust their transverse positions.

[0020] Please see Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of a vertical guide rail structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. The vertical guide rail 13 has a vertical guide groove 135, and an adjusting screw 131 is rotatably inserted inside the vertical guide rail 13. The top end of the adjusting screw 131 extends to the outside of the vertical guide rail 13 and is connected to a knob 136. A connecting block 132 is slidably embedded in the vertical guide groove 135. The connecting block 132 is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw 131, and a fixing plate 133 is fixedly installed on the connecting block 132. The surface of the fixing plate 133 is sandblasted for rust prevention, providing both rigidity and corrosion resistance. A camera control module 137 and a camera device 134 are sequentially mounted on the fixing plate 133. The camera device 134 uses a high-definition industrial camera. The camera control module 137 has a built-in image processing chip and a size calculation algorithm. The outer wall of the connecting block 132 is connected to... The vertical guide groove 135 has a sliding fit against the groove wall, and the connecting block 132 has an internal threaded hole that matches the adjusting screw 131. The slider 138 has a sliding fit against the working surface of the transverse guide rail 12, and the transverse guide rail 12 has a pneumatic drive mechanism inside. The pneumatic drive mechanism is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. The pneumatic drive mechanism can control the slider 138 to slide back and forth along the length direction of the transverse guide rail 12 to realize the lateral position adjustment of the camera component and meet the measurement requirements of samples at different positions. The camera control module 137 is electrically connected to the camera equipment 134. The camera control module 137 can control the camera equipment 134 to perform sample size measurement data acquisition. The clamp 143 is detachably installed on the clamping controller 142, which facilitates the subsequent replacement of different clamps to adapt to clamping different types of samples.

[0021] Please see Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a clamping controller structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. A second support plate 14 is detachably mounted on the measuring worktable 1. A drive motor 141 is mounted on the second support plate 14. The rotation speed and angle of the servo drive motor 141 can be precisely controlled by an external controller to meet the rotation measurement requirements of different samples. The output end of the drive motor 141 is connected to the clamping controller 142. The clamping controller 142 is equipped with a clamp 143 for fixing the sample. The camera equipment 134 corresponds to the sample arrangement fixed by the clamp 143. The output shaft of 41 is connected to the power input end of the clamping controller 142. The clamping controller 142 can drive the clamp 143 to complete the clamping or releasing action of the sample. During measurement, the sample is placed between the clamps 143, and the sample is clamped by the clamping controller 142. The camera components on the horizontal guide rail 12 and the vertical guide rail 13 are adjusted to the appropriate shooting position and locked. The drive motor 141 is started to drive the sample to rotate slowly. The camera equipment 134 synchronously collects sample images from different angles. The camera control module 137 integrates the multi-angle image data and finally outputs the accurate size parameters of the sample.

[0022] The working principle and usage process of an automatic sample size measuring device according to the present invention: Working principle: This equipment uses a drive motor and clamping controller to automatically clamp and release the sample, ensuring the stability of the sample fixation. The sliding cooperation between the transverse guide rail and the slider allows for flexible adjustment of the camera's lateral position. Simultaneously, a knob drives the adjusting screw to rotate, working in conjunction with the limiting and guiding action of the connecting block and the vertical guide groove to precisely adjust the camera's vertical height, ensuring the camera is aligned with the test area of ​​the sample. The camera control module is electrically connected to the camera, enabling precise control of the camera to collect sample size measurement data, thus completing the automated measurement of sample dimensions.

[0023] Usage process Equipment preparation: Place the measuring workbench on a stable working area to ensure that the equipment is in a stable state; Sample fixing: Start the drive motor, its output shaft drives the clamping controller to operate, and drives the clamp to open; after placing the sample to be measured in the clamping position of the clamp, control the drive motor again, and drive the clamp to clamp the sample through the clamping controller to complete the stable fixing of the sample. Camera equipment position adjustment: The pneumatic drive mechanism pushes the slider to slide along the length of the horizontal guide rail, which drives the vertical guide rail and camera equipment to move synchronously, adjusting the camera equipment to the horizontal position corresponding to the sample; then turn the knob to drive the adjusting screw to rotate in the vertical guide rail, and the connecting block slides along the vertical guide groove, thereby driving the camera equipment to adjust the vertical height, so that the lens of the camera equipment is accurately aligned with the test area of ​​the sample; Size measurement: The camera control module sends a command to the camera equipment to start the camera equipment to collect data for measuring the size of the sample; Final steps: After measurement, turn off the camera equipment via the camera control module, start the drive motor to control the clamp to release, and remove the measured sample.

[0024] See Figure 4 The figure shows a measurement method for an automatic measurement device for sample size according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprising: S1. The clamping controller drives the clamp to hold the test sample. The position of the vertical guide rail is adjusted by sliding the slider along the horizontal guide rail. The knob is rotated to drive the adjusting screw to rotate, so that the connecting block is raised and lowered along the vertical guide groove, thereby adjusting the relative distance and angle between the camera equipment and the sample.

[0025] This invention creates the necessary and stable initial conditions for subsequent accurate image acquisition and dimensional measurement of the sample by clamping and adjusting the relative position of the imaging equipment and the sample, ensuring the accuracy of the measurement reference and the clarity of the image acquisition. Clamping refers to fixing the sample with a clamp to prevent displacement during measurement; the relative distance refers to the vertical distance between the center point of the imaging equipment lens and the sample surface to be measured, affecting the image magnification and field of view; the shooting angle refers to the angle between the optical axis of the imaging equipment and the normal to the sample surface, affecting the degree of geometric distortion of the image. Furthermore, the tightness of the sample clamping can be adjusted by setting the pressure of the clamping controller, and the position adjustment of the imaging equipment can be achieved manually or by connecting a drive motor.

[0026] As an embodiment of the present invention, the method of using the clamping controller to drive the clamp to hold the test sample, adjusting the position of the vertical guide rail by sliding the slider along the horizontal guide rail, and rotating the knob to drive the adjusting screw to rotate, so that the connecting block moves up and down along the vertical guide groove, thereby adjusting the relative distance and angle between the imaging equipment and the sample, includes: Based on the estimated size and shape characteristics of the sample to be tested, the initial clamping width of the fixture is set; The clamping controller is controlled to drive the clamping fixture to perform initial clamping and fixing of the sample with the initial clamping width. Based on the actual placement of the sample and the initial position of the camera equipment, the slider is manually or automatically slid along the horizontal guide rail, driving the vertical guide rail and the camera equipment to move horizontally until the center of the field of view of the camera equipment is initially aligned with the test area of ​​the sample. Rotate the knob according to the thickness or diameter of the sample and the required image resolution to drive the adjusting screw to rotate; By engaging the adjusting screw with the connecting block via a threaded connection, the rotational motion is converted into the linear lifting and lowering motion of the connecting block along the vertical guide groove. The lifting and lowering of the connecting block drives the camera equipment mounted on it to move vertically, thereby precisely adjusting the focusing distance between the camera equipment lens and the sample surface. During the vertical adjustment process, the horizontal position of the slider or the amount of rotation of the knob is finely adjusted by using the real-time preview image of the camera equipment, so that the sample is completely and clearly in the center of the field of view of the camera equipment, and the optical axis of the camera equipment remains perpendicular to the sample surface.

[0027] The initial clamping width is a preset clamping opening distance to accommodate samples of different sizes; the field of view center is the geometric center area of ​​the image captured by the camera equipment; the focusing distance is the specific distance between the lens and the sample surface when the sample is in the clearest state in the image; the real-time preview image is the image stream continuously output by the camera equipment during the adjustment process, used to assist the operator in visual positioning.

[0028] Optionally, the initial clamping width can be automatically set by the system based on a database query by inputting the sample number or type; the sliding of the slider can be achieved by manual pushing or by driving a miniature linear motor installed at one end of the transverse guide rail; the rotation of the knob can be achieved by manual operation or by automatic control through a stepper motor connected to the end of the adjusting screw; the real-time preview image can be displayed on a screen connected to the camera control module for the operator to observe.

[0029] S2. Start the camera control module to control the camera equipment to acquire a high-resolution image of the sample to be tested, and use the image processing algorithm embedded in the camera control module to extract the contour boundary pixel coordinates of the high-resolution image.

[0030] This invention, by activating the camera control module, controls the camera equipment to acquire high-resolution images of the test sample, thereby obtaining clear visual information about the surface and edges of the test sample and providing a reliable image data foundation for subsequent contour recognition and structural analysis. Furthermore, by utilizing the image processing algorithm embedded in the camera control module to extract the contour boundary pixel coordinates of the high-resolution image, a digital description of the sample's external features can be achieved, thus providing precise coordinate basis for structural dimension calculation, deformation analysis, and positioning. The high-resolution image is an image with high pixel density and detail reproduction capability acquired by the camera equipment.

[0031] Optionally, the camera control module is activated to control the camera equipment to acquire high-resolution images of the test sample. The specific steps are as follows: based on the size and surface characteristics of the test sample, the camera control module adjusts the shooting parameters of the camera equipment, including focal length, aperture, and exposure time; under uniform lighting conditions, the camera equipment is controlled to acquire at least one high-resolution image from a position directly facing the sample surface; the acquired image undergoes preliminary preprocessing, including noise reduction, brightness equalization, and distortion correction, to obtain a high-quality image suitable for contour extraction. The shooting parameters are adaptively set based on the sample's reflectivity and ambient light intensity; the uniform lighting environment is achieved through auxiliary light source placement to avoid interference from shadows and reflections on contour recognition.

[0032] Based on the size and surface characteristics of the test sample, the camera control module adjusts the shooting parameters of the camera equipment, including focal length, aperture, and exposure time; under uniform lighting conditions, the camera equipment is controlled to acquire at least one high-resolution image from a position directly facing the sample surface; the acquired image is pre-processed, including noise reduction, brightness equalization, and distortion correction, to obtain a high-quality image that can be used for contour extraction.

[0033] The shooting parameters are adaptively set based on the sample's reflectivity and ambient light intensity; the uniform lighting environment is achieved through the arrangement of auxiliary light sources to avoid interference from shadows and reflections on contour recognition.

[0034] This invention can accurately describe the geometric shape and boundary features of the test sample by extracting the pixel coordinates of the contour boundary, providing a reliable digital basis for subsequent structural analysis, dimensional measurement and spatial positioning. It is especially suitable for deformation monitoring and quality control of key parts such as construction joints and cantilever structures. The contour boundary pixel coordinates are a set of pixel-level coordinates that describe the position of the sample's outer contour in the image.

[0035] As an embodiment of the present invention, the step of extracting the contour boundary pixel coordinates of the high-resolution image using the image processing algorithm embedded in the camera control module includes: The high-resolution image is smoothed using a Gaussian filter to obtain a grayscale image; The grayscale image is initially extracted using an edge detection operator to obtain a set of edge pixels. By using a contour tracking algorithm to connect adjacent edge pixels in the set of edge pixels, a closed contour boundary is obtained; The closed contour boundary is mapped to the image coordinate system, and the coordinates of all its pixels are recorded to obtain the pixel coordinates of the contour boundary.

[0036] The Gaussian filtering algorithm is an algorithm that smooths pixels in a high-resolution image by setting a filter kernel of a fixed size. It is used to reduce image noise and preserve contour details. Filter kernels such as 3×3 and 5×5 are examples. The grayscale image is a single-channel image of a high-resolution image after grayscale conversion, retaining only brightness information and with pixel values ​​ranging from 0 to 255. The edge detection operator is an algorithmic tool used to identify regions of abrupt grayscale changes in an image, such as the Canny operator or the Sobel operator. The edge pixel set is the set of all discrete pixels that meet the grayscale difference threshold after edge detection. The contour tracking algorithm is an algorithm that traverses edge pixels in a preset direction and connects adjacent valid pixels, such as clockwise or counterclockwise directions. The closed contour boundary is the unbroken, connected sample outline formed after connection processing. The image coordinate system is a two-dimensional coordinate system with the upper left corner of the image as the origin, the x-axis horizontally, and the y-axis vertically. The contour boundary pixel coordinates are the set of (x, y) coordinates of each pixel on the closed contour in this coordinate system, used to quantify the sample shape.

[0037] Optionally, the kernel size of the Gaussian filter can be adaptively selected according to the image noise intensity. A 3×3 kernel is used when the noise is low, and a 5×5 kernel is used when the noise is high, balancing the noise reduction effect and the contour clarity. The edge detection operator preferentially uses the Canny operator, and effective edges are filtered by a double threshold method (high threshold 0-255, low threshold 50%-70% of the high threshold). It can also be switched to the Sobel operator or the Laplacian operator according to the sample material. The contour tracking algorithm adopts the eight-neighbor chain code tracking method. When traversing the edge pixel set, the eight neighboring pixels of the current pixel are detected in turn, and the pixels that meet the grayscale conditions are connected to form a closed contour. The coordinate record adopts a two-dimensional array format, storing the (x,y) coordinates of each pixel point in the contour traversal order, while removing duplicate coordinate points to ensure the uniqueness and integrity of the contour boundary pixel coordinates.

[0038] S3. Based on the pre-calibrated ratio between pixel size and actual physical size, the contour pixel coordinates are converted into actual size data to calculate the sample size parameters of the test sample. The sample size parameters are then digitally displayed to obtain the measurement display results.

[0039] This invention converts the pixel coordinates of the contour boundary into actual size data based on a pre-defined ratio between pixel size and actual physical size. This maps pixel information from the image coordinate system to the real physical world, achieving precise quantification of the sample's geometric dimensions. Based on the converted actual size data, the sample's dimensional parameters are calculated, directly obtaining key structural geometric information such as length, width, area, and spacing of critical features. This provides accurate input for subsequent structural analysis, load calculation, and quality control. Furthermore, the sample's dimensional parameters are digitally displayed to obtain measurement results, presenting the measurement data intuitively and clearly. This facilitates real-time reading, recording, and decision-making by construction personnel, engineers, or systems, effectively improving the efficiency and visualization level of the dimensional measurement process. Wherein, the proportional relationship is the actual physical length calibration coefficient represented by a single pixel in the image; the actual size data is a set of size data with physical units (such as millimeters and centimeters) obtained by converting pixel coordinates according to the proportional relationship; the sample size parameter is a quantitative index describing the specific geometric shape of the sample calculated based on the actual size data; the measurement display result is the output information that visualizes the sample size parameter in the form of numbers, charts, or superimposed annotations.

[0040] As an embodiment of the present invention, the step of converting the contour boundary pixel coordinates into actual size data according to the pre-calibrated ratio between pixel size and actual physical size includes: Obtain the ratio factor between the pre-stored pixel size and the actual physical size, which is calculated by photographing a standard calibration board of known size; Multiply the X and Y coordinate values ​​of each pixel in the set of pixel coordinates of the contour boundary by the scaling factor to obtain the actual physical coordinates of the corresponding point. Based on the actual physical coordinates, the actual physical distance between points on the contour is calculated to generate the actual size data.

[0041] The scaling factor includes scaling coefficients for the horizontal and vertical directions. When the camera equipment has no significant distortion, the same scaling coefficient can be used. The standard calibration plate is a calibration tool with a precisely known size pattern, such as a checkerboard or concentric circle array. The unit of the actual physical coordinates is millimeters or centimeters.

[0042] Optionally, the sample size parameters of the test sample can be calculated, and the sample size parameters can be digitally displayed to obtain the measurement display results. The specific steps are as follows: Based on the actual size data, key dimensions of the test sample are extracted through geometric operations, including maximum length, maximum width, cross-sectional area, perimeter, and spacing between specific feature points. The extracted key dimension values ​​are compared with preset allowable tolerance ranges. The key dimension values, their corresponding allowable tolerance ranges, and comparison results are integrated into a structured data list. The display device is driven to render and display the structured data list in tabular form. Optionally, the annotation information of the key dimensions can be superimposed on the corresponding contour positions of the high-resolution image to form the measurement display results.

[0043] The geometric operations include distance calculation, polygon area calculation, and feature point detection algorithms; the preset allowable tolerance range is determined based on design drawings or construction specifications; the display device includes a computer monitor, touch screen, or mobile device screen.

[0044] Furthermore, the calibration process of the scaling factor can be performed automatically before each image acquisition to eliminate errors caused by fine-tuning of the camera equipment's focal length or position; the digital display processing process supports data export, and the measurement display results can be saved in report files such as PDF and Excel formats for easy archiving and traceability.

[0045] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic measuring device for sample size, comprising a measuring worktable (1), characterized in that: Two relatively distributed first support plates (11) are fixedly installed on the measuring workbench (1), and a transverse guide rail (12) is installed between the two first support plates (11). A slider (138) is slidably mounted on the horizontal guide rail (12). A vertical guide rail (13) is fixedly mounted on the slider (138). A vertical guide groove (135) is provided on the vertical guide rail (13), and an adjusting screw (131) is rotatably inserted inside the vertical guide rail (13). The top end of the adjusting screw (131) extends to the outside of the vertical guide rail (13) and is connected to a knob (136). A connecting block (132) is slidably embedded in the vertical guide groove (135). The connecting block (132) is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw (131), and the connecting block... A fixing plate (133) is fixedly installed on (132), and a camera control module (137) and a camera device (134) are sequentially assembled on the fixing plate (133); a second support plate (14) is detachably provided on the measuring worktable (1), and a drive motor (141) is assembled on the second support plate (14). The output end of the drive motor (141) is connected to the clamping controller (142), and the clamping controller (142) is provided with a clamp (143) for fixing the sample; the camera device (134) is arranged corresponding to the sample fixed by the clamp (143).

2. The automatic measuring device for sample size as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the connecting block (132) slides against the groove wall of the vertical guide groove (135), and the connecting block (132) is provided with an internal thread hole that is compatible with the adjusting screw (131).

3. The automatic measuring device for sample size as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The slider (138) slides and fits against the working surface of the transverse guide rail (12), and the slider (138) can slide back and forth along the length direction of the transverse guide rail (12).

4. The automatic measuring device for sample size as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The output shaft of the drive motor (141) is connected to the power input end of the clamping controller (142), and the clamping controller (142) can drive the clamp (143) to complete the clamping or releasing action of the sample.

5. An automatic measuring device for sample size as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The camera control module (137) is electrically connected to the camera equipment (134), and the camera control module (137) can control the camera equipment (134) to perform the measurement data acquisition of the sample size.

6. An automatic measuring device for sample size as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The clamp (143) is detachably mounted on the clamping controller (142).

7. A method for performing measurements using an automatic measuring device for sample dimensions according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The method includes: The clamping controller drives the clamp to hold the test sample. The position of the vertical guide rail is adjusted by sliding the slider along the horizontal guide rail. The knob is rotated to drive the adjusting screw to rotate, so that the connecting block is raised and lowered along the vertical guide groove, thereby adjusting the relative distance and angle between the camera equipment and the sample. The camera control module is activated to control the camera equipment to acquire a high-resolution image of the sample to be tested, and the image processing algorithm embedded in the camera control module is used to extract the contour boundary pixel coordinates of the high-resolution image; Based on the pre-defined ratio between pixel size and actual physical size, the contour pixel coordinates are converted into actual size data to calculate the sample size parameters of the test sample. The sample size parameters are then digitally displayed to obtain the measurement display results.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The process of using the clamping controller to drive the clamp to hold the test sample, adjusting the position of the vertical guide rail by sliding the slider along the horizontal guide rail, and rotating the knob to drive the adjusting screw to rotate, causing the connecting block to rise and fall along the vertical guide groove, thereby adjusting the relative distance and angle between the imaging equipment and the sample, includes: Based on the estimated size and shape characteristics of the sample to be tested, the initial clamping width of the fixture is set; The clamping controller is controlled to drive the clamping fixture to perform initial clamping and fixing of the sample with the initial clamping width. Based on the actual placement of the sample and the initial position of the camera equipment, the slider is manually or automatically slid along the horizontal guide rail, driving the vertical guide rail and the camera equipment to move horizontally until the center of the field of view of the camera equipment is initially aligned with the test area of ​​the sample. Rotate the knob according to the thickness or diameter of the sample and the required image resolution to drive the adjusting screw to rotate; By engaging the adjusting screw with the connecting block via a threaded connection, the rotational motion is converted into the linear lifting and lowering motion of the connecting block along the vertical guide groove. The lifting and lowering of the connecting block drives the camera equipment mounted on it to move vertically, thereby precisely adjusting the focusing distance between the camera equipment lens and the sample surface. During the vertical adjustment process, the horizontal position of the slider or the amount of rotation of the knob is finely adjusted by using the real-time preview image of the camera equipment, so that the sample is completely and clearly in the center of the field of view of the camera equipment, and the optical axis of the camera equipment remains perpendicular to the sample surface.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The step of extracting the contour boundary pixel coordinates of the high-resolution image using the image processing algorithm embedded in the camera control module includes: The high-resolution image is smoothed using a Gaussian filter to obtain a grayscale image; The grayscale image is initially extracted using an edge detection operator to obtain a set of edge pixels. By using a contour tracking algorithm to connect adjacent edge pixels in the set of edge pixels, a closed contour boundary is obtained; The closed contour boundary is mapped to the image coordinate system, and the coordinates of all its pixels are recorded to obtain the pixel coordinates of the contour boundary.

10. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The step of converting the pixel coordinates of the contour boundary into actual size data based on the pre-defined ratio between pixel size and actual physical size includes: Obtain the ratio factor between the pre-stored pixel size and the actual physical size, which is calculated by photographing a standard calibration board of known size; Multiply the X and Y coordinate values ​​of each pixel in the set of pixel coordinates of the contour boundary by the scaling factor to obtain the actual physical coordinates of the corresponding point. Based on the actual physical coordinates, the actual physical distance between points on the contour is calculated to generate the actual size data.

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