Device and method for testing oil discharge efficiency of hydrocarbon source rocks with different qualities

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrocarbon source rock testing devices, in particular to a device and method for testing the oil discharge efficiency of hydrocarbon source rocks of different qualities, and the device comprises a support, a central pipe is fixed at the center of the support, and a drilling cylinder capable of moving up and down relative to the central pipe and rotating simultaneously sleeves the central pipe. A driving device capable of driving the drilling barrel to slide up and down and rotate simultaneously is mounted on the bracket; and an oil discharge hole communicated internally and externally is formed in the upper end of the central pipe. The device is reasonable and compact in structure and convenient to use, can be used for testing in an actual geological environment of the hydrocarbon source rock without collecting and treating a sample, can be used for directly testing the hydrocarbon source rock, does not need to bring the sample back to a laboratory for further analysis, reduces destructive operation of the sample, and improves the test efficiency. And the property of the underground hydrocarbon source rock can be known more accurately.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of hydrocarbon source rock testing devices, specifically a testing device and method for testing the oil drainage efficiency of hydrocarbon source rocks of different qualities. Background Technology

[0002] Source rocks are important energy resources, containing large quantities of hydrocarbon compounds such as oil and natural gas. To assess and develop these source rocks, researchers and engineers have been seeking efficient and accurate methods for testing oil extraction efficiency. Current technologies in this field have some shortcomings, necessitating more advanced solutions.

[0003] Traditional laboratory testing: In traditional methods, source rock samples typically need to be collected and brought back to the laboratory for testing. The drawbacks of this method include: sample collection can damage the underground rock structure, making it impossible to recreate actual underground conditions; the sampling, sample processing, and laboratory testing processes are time-consuming and expensive; and it is difficult to accurately simulate underground conditions in the laboratory, so the results may not be precise enough.

[0004] Conventional in-situ testing methods: To overcome the shortcomings of laboratory testing, some in-situ testing methods have been developed. However, these methods also have some problems: they require underground drilling and sampling, are complex to operate, costly, and prone to leakage during sampling. Conventional in-situ testing methods often struggle to ensure a complete seal between the testing apparatus and the source rock, which can lead to gas or liquid leakage or seepage. Due to insufficient sealing, the testing apparatus may not be able to maintain consistent testing conditions, thus affecting the accuracy of the test results. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a testing device and method for testing the oil drainage efficiency of source rocks of different qualities, which overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and can effectively solve the problem of inaccurate detection caused by leakage or seepage of sample gas or liquid during drilling and sampling.

[0006] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is achieved through the following measures: a testing device for oil drainage efficiency of source rocks of different qualities, including a support, a central tube fixed at the center of the support, a drill barrel that can move up and down and rotate relative to the central tube, a driving device that can drive the drill barrel to slide up and down and rotate simultaneously is installed on the support, and an oil drainage hole with internal and external communication is provided at the upper end of the central tube.

[0007] The following are further optimizations and / or improvements to the above-mentioned technical solution: Preferably, the drive device includes a housing, a rotating ring, a threaded sleeve, and a motor. A threaded sleeve is fixed to the upper inner side of the drill barrel, and a thread is provided on the outer side of the central tube. The threaded sleeve is threadedly connected to the central tube. A housing is provided on the outer side of the drill barrel. The housing is detachably fixed to a bracket. A rotating ring is provided inside the housing. A drive gear is connected to the rotating ring. A motor is installed on the bracket. The drive gear and the motor are connected together by a belt drive. A keyway is provided on the outer wall of the drill barrel, and a connecting key is fixed inside the keyway in the rotating ring.

[0008] Preferably, a soft sealing sleeve is provided between the outer wall of the threaded sleeve and the inner wall of the drill barrel.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes a filling shaft, and the inner side of the drill barrel is provided with a number of vertical grooves with a semi-circular cross-section along the circumference. Each of the vertical grooves is provided with a filling shaft with a crescent-shaped cross-section, and the filling shaft is rotatable.

[0010] Preferably, each filling shaft is fixed with a planetary gear at its upper end, and a central gear is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the center of the upper end of the drill barrel, the central gear meshing with each planetary gear.

[0011] Preferably, a ratchet is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the central gear and located on the upper side of the drill barrel. A ratchet ring is rotatably provided on the upper side of the housing. The ratchet ring has a ratchet groove in the center. The ratchet can be embedded in the ratchet groove and is connected to the ratchet ring in one direction for transmission.

[0012] Preferably, an actuating lever is installed on the upper side of the ratchet ring.

[0013] Preferably, the ratchet ring has a vertically penetrating limiting groove, and the housing has a limiting block, which is located in the limiting groove to limit the rotation angle of the ratchet ring.

[0014] Preferably, the lower end of the drill barrel is provided with serrations.

[0015] The second technical solution of the present invention is achieved through the following measures: a testing method, performed according to the following method, S1. Inserting the drill barrel: Place the drill barrel in the location of the source rock to be tested, start the drive device, which will cause the rotating ring to rotate, the drill barrel to rotate and descend, ensuring that it reaches the depth required for testing; S2, Filling the gaps in the rock formation: When the drill barrel descends to its lowest point, move the lever to start the rotation of the ratchet ring. This will cause the filling shaft to rotate out of the protruding vertical groove, filling and squeezing the gaps in the rock formation. The inner wall of the drill barrel fits tightly with the rock formation, eliminating the gaps. S3. Sample collection: Hydrocarbons in the sample are drawn from the drill barrel through the drain hole; S4. Test at different locations: Repeat S1 to S3, and slide the drill pipe down into the rock strata at different locations to test the oil discharge efficiency of source rock samples of different qualities.

[0016] This invention has a reasonable and compact structure, is easy to use, and can be tested in the actual geological environment of source rocks without the need for sample collection and processing. It can directly test source rocks without having to bring samples back to the laboratory for further analysis, reducing destructive handling of samples and helping to understand the properties of underground source rocks more accurately. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Appendix Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Appendix Figure 2 For the appendix Figure 1 A cross-sectional three-dimensional structural diagram of the drive mechanism.

[0019] Appendix Figure 3 This is a top-view cross-sectional structural diagram of the drill barrel.

[0020] Appendix Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the filling axis.

[0021] The codes in the attached diagram are as follows: 1. Bracket; 2. Central tube; 3. Drill barrel; 31. Vertical groove; 32. Filler shaft; 33. Connecting key; 4. Housing; 5. Drive device; 6. Actuating device; 7. Oil drain hole; 8. Rotary ring; 9. Threaded sleeve; 10. Sealing sleeve; 11. Drive gear; 12. Ratchet; 13. Ratchet ring; 14. Central gear; 15. Planetary gear. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and the specific implementation can be determined according to the technical solution of the present invention and the actual situation.

[0023] In this invention, for ease of description, the description of the relative positions of the components is based on the appendix to the specification. Figure 1 The layout is described using a diagrammatic method, such as front, back, top, bottom, left, right, etc. The positional relationships are determined based on the layout direction of the attached diagram in the instruction manual.

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings: Example 1: As shown in the attached document Figure 1-4 As shown, the oil discharge efficiency testing device for source rocks of different qualities includes a support 1, a central tube 2 fixed at the center of the support 1, a drill barrel 3 that can move up and down and rotate relative to the central tube 2, a drive device 5 that can drive the drill barrel 3 to slide up and down and rotate simultaneously is installed on the support 1, and an oil discharge hole 7 with internal and external communication is provided at the upper end of the central tube 2.

[0025] This invention allows for testing of source rocks in their actual geological environment, eliminating the need for sample collection and processing. It enables direct testing of source rocks without the need to transport samples back to a laboratory for further analysis, reducing destructive handling and facilitating a more accurate understanding of the properties of underground source rocks. By mounting the support 1 onto a mobile device such as a vehicle, the drill pipe 3 can be quickly lowered to different rock formations, allowing for testing of source rock samples at various locations. This enables researchers to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the characteristics of source rocks and select the optimal oil extraction location. The drive device 5 rotates the drill pipe 3 and moves it downwards to extract samples. After extraction, hydrocarbon gases and liquids are extracted from the sample through the central pipe 2 and the drain hole 7 for testing, eliminating the need for removal and reducing gas and liquid leakage, resulting in more accurate test results.

[0026] The above-mentioned testing devices for oil drainage efficiency of source rocks of different qualities can be further optimized and / or improved according to actual needs: Example 2: As shown in the attached document Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the drive device 5 includes a housing 4, a rotating ring 8, a threaded sleeve 9, and a motor. The threaded sleeve 9 is fixed to the upper inner side of the drill barrel 3, and the outer side of the central tube 2 is threaded. The threaded sleeve 9 is threadedly connected to the central tube 2. The housing 4 is located on the outer side of the drill barrel 3 and is detachably fixed to the bracket 1. The rotating ring 8 is located inside the housing 4, and a drive gear 11 is connected to the rotating ring 8 via a transmission. The motor is mounted on the bracket 1, and the drive gear 11 is connected to the motor via a belt drive. A keyway is formed on the outer wall of the drill barrel 3, and a connecting key 33 is fixed within the keyway in the rotating ring 8. The housing 4 can be set at different heights relative to the bracket 1 according to the drilling depth. The driving process is as follows: the motor drives the drive gear 11 to rotate, the drive gear 11 drives the rotating ring 8, and the rotating ring 8 drives the drill barrel 3 to rotate via the connecting key 33. The drill barrel 3, fixedly connected to the threaded sleeve 9, can move up and down along the central tube 2. The drill barrel 3 can rotate and move downwards to drill for samples, which are located inside the drill barrel 3.

[0027] Example 3: As shown in the attached document Figure 2 As shown, a soft sealing sleeve 10 is provided between the outer wall of the threaded sleeve 9 and the inner wall of the drill barrel 3. By setting the sealing sleeve, the inner side of the drill barrel 3 is further sealed with respect to the sample, reducing gas and liquid leakage.

[0028] Example 4: As shown in the appendix Figure 3As shown, it also includes a filling shaft 32. The inner side of the drill barrel 3 has several semi-circular vertical grooves 31 along its circumference. Each vertical groove 31 contains a crescent-shaped filling shaft 32, which is rotatable. The filling shaft 32 can rotate to be accommodated within the vertical groove 31 or protrude from it. When the drill barrel 3 is inserted into the rock formation, by rotating the filling shaft 32 to protrude from the vertical groove 31, it can fill and compress the rock formation on the inner wall of the drill barrel 3, making the inner wall of the drill barrel 3 fit tightly against the rock formation, eliminating gaps, and thus ensuring that the hydrocarbons drawn from the drain hole 7 are permeated from the sample rather than leaking from the gaps in the inner wall of the drill barrel 3.

[0029] Example 5: As shown in the attached document Figure 4 As shown, a planetary gear 15 is fixed to the upper end of each filling shaft 32, and a central gear 14 is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the center of the upper end of the drill barrel 3. The central gear 14 meshes with each planetary gear 15. By setting the central gear 14, the synchronous rotation of all filling shafts 32 can be centrally controlled.

[0030] Example 6: As shown in the appendix Figure 4 As shown, a ratchet 12 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the central gear 14 and located on the upper side of the drill barrel 3. A ratchet ring 13 is rotatably provided on the upper side of the housing 4. The ratchet ring 13 has a ratchet groove in the center. The ratchet 12 can be embedded in the ratchet groove and is connected to the ratchet ring 13 in one direction. The ratchet 12 can rotate relative to the drill barrel 3. If the ratchet teeth of the ratchet 12 are set clockwise, the ratchet groove of the ratchet ring 13 is set counterclockwise. When the drill barrel 3 descends clockwise to the lowest point, the ratchet 12 is embedded in the ratchet groove of the ratchet ring 13. The ratchet ring 13 rotates counterclockwise and can mesh with the ratchet 12 to drive it to rotate, thereby driving the central gear 14 and planetary gear 15 to rotate. The filling shaft 32 is rotated so that it protrudes out of the vertical groove 31, which can fill and squeeze the rock layer on the inner wall of the drill barrel 3. After sampling, the motor moves in the opposite direction and controls the drill barrel 3 to rotate counterclockwise and move upward. When the drill barrel 3 rotates counterclockwise, the ratchet 12 either does not move or rotates counterclockwise. Even if the ratchet 12 contacts the ratchet ring 13 when it rotates counterclockwise, the ratchet groove is set counterclockwise, so the ratchet 12 and the ratchet ring 13 will not mesh. After the drill barrel 3 is reset, the ratchet 12 can be manually rotated to reset the filling shaft 32.

[0031] Example 7: As attached Figure 1 As shown, a lever 6 is mounted on the upper side of the ratchet ring 13. The lever 6 facilitates the movement of the ratchet ring 13.

[0032] Example 8: As attached Figure 2 As shown, the ratchet ring 13 has a vertically extending limiting groove, and the housing 4 has a limiting block. The limiting block is located within the limiting groove and restricts the rotation angle of the ratchet ring 13. By setting the limiting groove and the limiting block, the outer end of the filling shaft 32 can be controlled to abut against the sample, reducing gaps.

[0033] Example 9: As attached Figure 1 As shown, the lower end of the drill barrel 3 is provided with serrations. The drilling capacity of the drill barrel 3 is improved by setting the serrations.

[0034] Example 10: As attached Figure 1-4 As shown, the test method shall be carried out in accordance with the following procedure. S1. Insert drill barrel 3: Place drill barrel 3 in the location of the source rock to be tested, start drive device 5, which will cause the rotating ring 8 to rotate, and the drill barrel 3 to rotate and descend, ensuring that it reaches the depth required for testing; S2, Filling the gaps in the rock strata: When the drill barrel 3 descends to the lowest point, the lever 6 is moved to start the rotation of the ratchet ring 13, which will drive the filling shaft 32 to rotate out of the protruding vertical groove 31, filling and squeezing the gaps in the rock strata. The inner wall of the drill barrel 3 fits tightly with the rock strata, eliminating the gaps. S3. Sample collection: Hydrocarbons in the sample inside drill barrel 3 are drawn through oil drain hole 7; S4. Test at different locations: Repeat S1 to S3, and slide the drill pipe 3 down into the rock strata at different locations to test the oil discharge efficiency of source rock samples of different qualities.

[0035] This invention allows for testing within the actual geological environment of source rocks without the need for sample collection and processing. Source rocks can be tested directly without bringing samples back to the laboratory for further analysis, reducing destructive handling and facilitating a more accurate understanding of the properties of underground source rocks. Testing at different locations: By mounting the support on a mobile device such as a vehicle, the drill pipe can be quickly lowered into different rock formations, allowing for testing of source rock samples at various locations. This enables researchers to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the characteristics of source rocks and select the optimal oil extraction location. Reliable sealing: The filling shaft design of the device takes into account the filling of gaps in the rock formations, ensuring a tight fit between the inner wall and the rock formations. This helps eliminate gaps and prevent hydrocarbon leakage, ensuring that the collected hydrocarbons permeate from the sample rather than leaking from the inner wall of the drill pipe, thus ensuring the accuracy of the test parameters.

[0036] The above technical features constitute various embodiments of the present invention, which have strong adaptability and implementation effect. Unnecessary technical features can be added or removed according to actual needs to meet the needs of different situations.

Claims

1. A device for testing the oil drainage efficiency of source rocks of different qualities, characterized in that... It includes a support frame, a central tube fixed at the center of the support frame, a drill barrel that can move up and down and rotate relative to the central tube, a drive device that can drive the drill barrel to slide up and down and rotate simultaneously is installed on the support frame, and an oil drain hole with internal and external communication is provided at the upper end of the central tube.

2. The oil drainage efficiency testing device for source rocks of different qualities according to claim 1, characterized in that... The drive unit includes a housing, a rotating ring, a threaded sleeve, and a motor. A threaded sleeve is fixed to the upper inner side of the drill barrel, and a thread is provided on the outer side of the central tube. The threaded sleeve is threadedly connected to the central tube. A housing is provided on the outer side of the drill barrel, and the housing is detachably fixed on a bracket. A rotating ring is provided inside the housing, and a drive gear is connected to the rotating ring. A motor is mounted on the bracket, and the drive gear is connected to the motor via a belt drive. A keyway is provided on the outer wall of the drill barrel, and a connecting key is fixed inside the rotating ring and located in the keyway.

3. The oil drainage efficiency testing device for hydrocarbon source rocks of different qualities according to claim 2, characterized in that... A soft sealing sleeve is provided between the outer wall of the threaded sleeve and the inner wall of the drill barrel.

4. The testing device for oil drainage efficiency of source rocks of different qualities according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that... It also includes a filling shaft. The inner side of the drill barrel is provided with several vertical grooves with a semi-circular cross-section along the circumference. Each of the vertical grooves is provided with a filling shaft with a crescent-shaped cross-section. The filling shaft is rotatable.

5. The oil drainage efficiency testing device for hydrocarbon source rocks of different qualities according to claim 4, characterized in that... Each filling shaft is fixed with a planetary gear at its upper end, and a central gear is rotatably installed on the inner side of the center of the upper end of the drill barrel. The central gear meshes with each planetary gear.

6. The oil drainage efficiency testing device for hydrocarbon source rocks of different qualities according to claim 5, characterized in that... A ratchet is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the central gear and located on the upper side of the drill barrel. A ratchet ring is rotatably provided on the upper side of the housing. The ratchet ring has a ratchet groove in the center. The ratchet can be embedded in the ratchet groove and is connected to the ratchet ring in one direction for transmission.

7. The oil drainage efficiency testing device for hydrocarbon source rocks of different qualities according to claim 6, characterized in that... An actuating lever is installed on the upper side of the ratchet ring.

8. The oil drainage efficiency testing device for hydrocarbon source rocks of different qualities according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that... The ratchet ring has a vertically extending limiting groove, and the housing has a limiting block. The limiting block is located in the limiting groove to restrict the rotation angle of the ratchet ring.

9. The testing device for oil drainage efficiency of source rocks of different qualities according to claim 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, or 7, characterized in that... The lower end of the drill barrel is equipped with serrations.

10. A testing method using the oil drainage efficiency testing device for hydrocarbon source rocks of different qualities as described in any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that... Perform the following steps. S1. Inserting the drill barrel: Place the drill barrel in the location of the source rock to be tested, start the drive device, which will cause the rotating ring to rotate, the drill barrel to rotate and descend, ensuring that it reaches the depth required for testing; S2, Filling the gaps in the rock formation: When the drill barrel descends to its lowest point, move the lever to start the rotation of the ratchet ring. This will cause the filling shaft to rotate out of the protruding vertical groove, filling and squeezing the gaps in the rock formation. The inner wall of the drill barrel fits tightly with the rock formation, eliminating the gaps. S3. Sample collection: Hydrocarbons in the sample are drawn from the drill barrel through the drain hole; S4. Test at different locations: Repeat S1 to S3, and slide the drill pipe down into the rock strata at different locations to test the oil discharge efficiency of source rock samples of different qualities.

Images