Ecological filter tank for preventing and treating river pollution

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological filter tanks, in particular to an ecological filter tank for preventing and treating river pollution, which comprises a filter tank body which is sequentially divided into a water inlet bin, a sludge bin, a fungus bin and a water purification bin along a sewage flowing direction to form a four-stage purification process; the water inlet bin intercepts and cleans large-particle impurities through a filtering grating and an automatic lifting plate; the sludge bin realizes automatic collection and discharge of sludge by means of an inclined plane and a spiral conveying mechanism; the fungus bin is provided with an anaerobic bacteria cavity, an anoxic bacteria cavity and an aerobic bacteria cavity which are independent, sewage gravity flow is realized through height difference, a strain living environment is optimized by matching with a carbon source slow release tank, a microporous aerator and the like, and a planting box and a biological carrier layer in the cavities form a plant-microorganism synergistic purification system; the water purification bin realizes tail water clarification; the problems that an existing filter tank is poor in pretreatment effect, not thorough in strain purification, tedious in maintenance and the like are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ecological filter technology, and in particular to an ecological filter for preventing and controlling river pollution. Background Technology

[0002] Ecological filters are an environmental protection technology used to purify river pollution. They are typically installed at river inlets or in heavily polluted areas. However, existing ecological filters have several technical shortcomings in practical applications: river sewage contains a large amount of large particles such as branches and plastic debris, as well as silt. The pretreatment structure of existing filters is simple, relying solely on a single screen for interception. Debris easily accumulates on the screen surface, causing blockage, and silt settles at the bottom of the filter, making it difficult to clean and affecting water flow and subsequent purification efficiency. The bacterial chamber design of most filters is unreasonable, with anaerobic, anoxic, and aerobic bacteria coexisting in a mixed environment, interfering with each other's survival and failing to fully utilize their respective metabolic functions. Furthermore, there is a lack of targeted environmental control measures, such as insufficient carbon source supply and unstable aeration, resulting in low removal rates of pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and COD, making it difficult for the effluent quality to meet standards. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an ecological filter pond for preventing and controlling river pollution, which solves the technical problems in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs an ecological filter for preventing river pollution, comprising a pool body, which is sequentially divided into an inlet chamber, a sludge chamber, a microbial chamber, and a purified water chamber along the sewage flow direction. The inlet chamber is equipped with an inlet pipe and an outlet, and a filter grid is installed at the outlet, which is connected to the sludge chamber. A lifting plate is slidably installed inside the inlet chamber and connected to a drive mechanism. A debris collection box is installed on one side of the inlet chamber. The lower end of the sludge chamber has two symmetrically arranged inclined surfaces, and a U-shaped groove is provided at the bottom, within which a spiral conveying mechanism is installed, the output end of which extends to the outside of the pool body. The microbial chamber consists of an anaerobic bacterial chamber, an anoxic bacterial chamber, and an aerobic bacterial chamber, from the outside in, and the three chambers are independent of each other. The sludge chamber is connected to the anaerobic bacterial chamber via a connecting pipe, and the aerobic bacterial chamber is connected to the purified water chamber via a conveying pipe. The purified water chamber is equipped with a drain outlet.

[0005] The driving mechanism includes an electric cylinder, which is fixedly mounted in the water inlet chamber; a connecting frame, one end of which is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric cylinder, and the other end is rotatably connected to the lifting plate; a first slide, one end of which is slidably mounted on one side of the water inlet chamber, and the other end is rotatably connected to one side of the lifting plate; a second slide, one end of which is slidably mounted on the water inlet chamber, and the other end is rotatably connected to the lifting plate, and is symmetrically arranged with the first slide; and a stop block, which is fixedly connected inside the water inlet chamber and located at the upper end of the second slide block.

[0006] The aerobic bacterial chamber is higher than the anoxic bacterial chamber, and the anoxic chamber is higher than the anaerobic bacterial chamber. The anaerobic bacterial chamber and the anoxic bacterial chamber are connected by multiple first connecting pipes, and the anoxic bacterial chamber and the aerobic bacterial chamber are connected by multiple second connecting pipes. The height of the first connecting pipes is higher than that of the second connecting pipes, and the height of the second connecting pipes is higher than that of the delivery pipe. Both the outlet ends of the first and second connecting pipes are equipped with anti-backflow valves, and serpentine baffles are installed inside the pipes. The volume ratio of the anaerobic bacterial chamber, the anoxic bacterial chamber, and the aerobic bacterial chamber is 1:1:2.5, which is suitable for the hydraulic residence time requirements of different bacterial species.

[0007] The anaerobic bacterial chamber is equipped with a semi-enclosed plate at the top, and a planting box one is installed inside the anaerobic bacterial chamber; a planting box two is installed inside the anoxic bacterial chamber; and a planting box three is installed inside the aerobic bacterial chamber. Planting boxes one, two, and three are detachable grid boxes, and the boxes are filled with planting substrate. The planting substrate is a mixture of humus, perlite, and slow-release fertilizer in a volume ratio of 3:1:0.5. Aquatic plants are planted inside the boxes, and the roots of the aquatic plants penetrate the grid box and extend into the biological carrier layer in the corresponding bacterial chamber.

[0008] The spiral conveying mechanism includes a waterproof motor that passes through the sludge bin; spiral blades that are disposed in a U-shaped groove and connected to the output end of the waterproof motor; and a mud discharge pipe that passes through the sludge bin and is connected to the U-shaped groove.

[0009] The semi-enclosed plate is equipped with an air guide pipe that extends to the outside of the tank and connects to a gas purification device. The gas purification device is filled with activated carbon to adsorb harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide produced by anaerobic fermentation. Carbon source slow-release tanks are evenly distributed in the anoxic bacteria chamber. The carbon source slow-release tanks are made of porous ceramic material and filled with solid carbon source to provide a continuous carbon source supply for the denitrification reaction through slow-release carbon source. Microporous aerators are installed in the aerobic bacteria chamber. The microporous aerators are evenly distributed below the biological carrier layer and connected to an aeration pump outside the tank through an aeration pipe. A flow regulating valve is installed on the aeration pipe.

[0010] The bottom of the anaerobic, anoxic, and aerobic bacterial chambers is provided with sludge discharge ports, which are connected to a sludge collection device outside the tank through sludge discharge pipes. A control valve is installed on the sludge discharge pipes. The outer wall of the bacterial chamber is wrapped with an insulation layer made of polyurethane foam.

[0011] The anaerobic, anoxic, and aerobic bacterial chambers are all lined with a biological carrier layer. The biological carrier layer is made of a mixture of porous ceramic particles and elastic filler. A water distributor is installed below the biological carrier layer. The three water distributors are respectively connected to the first connecting pipe, the second connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe.

[0012] Beneficial effects: 1. The filter screen in the water inlet chamber intercepts large particles of debris, and the drive mechanism controls the lifting plate to automatically guide the debris into the collection box, achieving the goal of eliminating the need for manual cleaning of debris; the inclined surface of the sludge chamber guides the sludge to collect in the U-shaped channel, and the screw conveyor automatically discharges the sludge, avoiding the accumulation and blockage of debris and sludge, ensuring smooth water flow, and laying the foundation for subsequent purification stages.

[0013] 2. The microbial chamber adopts an independent design of anaerobic, anoxic, and aerobic bacterial chambers, with a volume ratio of 1:1:2.5 to precisely match the hydraulic retention time of different bacterial species; the height difference design realizes gravity-driven, non-powered flow of sewage, the serpentine baffle enhances the contact between sewage and bacterial species, and the anti-backflow valve avoids environmental interference; the carbon source slow-release tank and microporous aerator precisely regulate the survival environment of bacterial species, efficiently remove pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and COD, and ensure stable effluent quality that meets standards.

[0014] 3. The roots of aquatic plants inside the detachable planting box penetrate the mesh box and form a synergistic purification system with the microorganisms in the biological carrier layer. The plants adsorb nutrients and the microorganisms degrade pollutants in a complementary manner. The planting substrate is breathable and retains fertilizer, providing a good growth environment for plants and microorganisms, further improving purification efficiency and resistance to shock loads.

[0015] 4. The processes of debris removal, sludge discharge, and sewage discharge are all automated, significantly reducing the intensity of manual labor; the planting box and biological carrier layer are removable and replaceable, facilitating regular maintenance and restoration of bacterial activity; the gas purification device adsorbs harmful gases, avoiding secondary pollution and ensuring a safe operating environment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an ecological filter pond for preventing and controlling river pollution according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a structural cross-sectional view of an ecological filter pond for preventing river pollution according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is the invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of the structure at point A.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the water inlet chamber of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the sludge chamber of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the planting box of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the fungal storage chamber of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the serpentine spoiler of the present invention.

[0025] 1-Inlet tank, 101-Inlet, 102-Outlet, 103-Filter screen, 104-Lifting plate, 105-Drive mechanism, 1051-Electric cylinder, 1052-Connecting frame, 1053-Slide 1, 1054-Slide 2, 1055-Block, 106-Debris collection box, 2-Sludge tank, 201-Inclined surface, 202-U-shaped trough, 203-Screw conveying mechanism, 2031-Waterproof motor, 2032-Screw blade, 2033-Sludge discharge pipe, 204-Connecting pipe, 3-Fungi tank, 301-Anaerobic bacteria chamber, 302-Anoxic bacteria chamber, 302 1-Carbon source slow release tank, 303-Aerobic bacterial chamber, 3031-Microporous aerator, 3032-Aeration pump, 304-First connecting pipe, 305-Second connecting pipe, 306-Transfer pipe, 307-Anti-backflow valve, 308-Serpentine baffle, 309-Semi-enclosed plate, 3091-Air guide pipe, 3092-Gas purification device, 310-Planting box one, 311-Planting box two, 312-Planting box three, 313-Sludge discharge port, 314-Sludge discharge pipe, 315-Sludge collection device, 316-Biological carrier layer, 317-Water distributor, 4-Clean water tank, 401-Drain outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0027] Please see Figures 1 to 8 ,in Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an ecological filter pond for preventing and controlling river pollution according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a structural cross-sectional view of an ecological filter pond for preventing river pollution according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is the invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of the structure at point A. Figure 4 This is a structural cross-sectional view of the water inlet chamber of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a structural cross-sectional view of the sludge chamber of the present invention. Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the planting box of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the fungal storage chamber of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the serpentine spoiler of the present invention.

[0028] This invention provides an ecological filter pond for preventing and controlling river pollution.

[0029] In this specific embodiment, the pool is divided into an inlet chamber 1, a sludge chamber 2, a microbial chamber 3, and a purified water chamber 4 along the direction of sewage flow. The sewage undergoes four stages of treatment to achieve purification. The inlet pipe 101 of the inlet chamber 1 introduces sewage, and the filter screen 103 at the outlet 102 intercepts large particles of debris. The drive mechanism 105 controls the tilting of the lifting plate 104 to guide the debris into the debris collection box 106. After the sewage enters the sludge chamber 2, the inclined surface 201 guides the sludge to collect in the U-shaped trough 202, and the spiral conveying mechanism 203 discharges the sludge from the pool. The sewage in the sludge chamber 2 enters the microbial chamber 3 through the connecting pipe 204. After being purified by three stages of microbial inoculation (anaerobic chamber 301, anoxic chamber 302, and aerobic chamber 303), it is introduced into the purified water chamber 4 through the conveying pipe 306 and finally discharged from the drain outlet 401.

[0030] Among them, the electric cylinder 1051 of the drive mechanism 105 drives the lifting plate 104 to move through the connecting frame 1052, the first slide 1053 and the second slide 1054 ensure the smooth sliding of the lifting plate 104, and the stop block 1055 limits the movement of the lifting plate 104, so as to realize the stable operation of automatic debris cleaning.

[0031] Secondly, the heights of the anaerobic bacterial chamber 301, anoxic bacterial chamber 302, and aerobic bacterial chamber 303 in the microbial chamber 3 increase sequentially. The height difference between the first connecting pipe 304 and the second connecting pipe 305 allows for natural sewage flow. The anti-backflow valve 307 prevents sewage backflow, and the serpentine baffle 308 enhances the contact between sewage and bacteria. The volume ratio of 1:1:2.5 precisely matches the hydraulic retention time of different bacterial species, ensuring the removal effect of each pollutant. The flow of river sewage in the filter is a gravity-driven, non-powered flow. The water flow velocity is determined by the height difference of the chambers: aerobic bacterial chamber > anoxic bacterial chamber > anaerobic bacterial chamber. Under the premise of relatively stable water flow velocity, the chamber volume is directly equivalent to the hydraulic retention time—the larger the volume, the longer the sewage stays in the chamber, and the bacteria can fully complete the metabolic reaction; the smaller the volume, the shorter the retention time, which is suitable for bacteria with faster reaction rates.

[0032] Meanwhile, the detachable grid boxes of planting boxes 310, 311, and 312 facilitate maintenance. The planting substrate, which is a mixture of humus, perlite, and slow-release fertilizer in a ratio of 3:1:0.5, is breathable and retains fertilizer. The roots of aquatic plants and the biological carrier layer 316 form an ecological synergistic purification, improving purification efficiency. In addition, the plants in planting box 310, together with the semi-enclosed plate 109, completely seal the anaerobic bacterial chamber 301. The plants in planting box 311 partially cover the anaerobic bacterial chamber 302.

[0033] Furthermore, the waterproof motor 2031 of the screw conveyor mechanism 203 drives the screw blades 2032 to rotate, discharging the sludge in the U-shaped groove 202 through the sludge discharge pipe 2033, thereby achieving automatic sludge cleaning and avoiding blockage.

[0034] Furthermore, the air duct 3091 of the anaerobic bacterial chamber 301 introduces harmful gases into the gas purification device 3092, where activated carbon adsorbs gases such as hydrogen sulfide, preventing secondary pollution; the carbon source slow-release tank 3021 continuously supplies carbon source, and the microporous aerator 3031 controls the aeration volume through the flow regulating valve, providing a stable living environment for the bacteria.

[0035] Furthermore, the sludge discharge ports 313 of the anaerobic bacteria chamber 301, the anoxic bacteria chamber 302, and the aerobic bacteria chamber 303 discharge the deposited sludge through the sludge discharge pipe 314, and the polyurethane insulation layer maintains the temperature inside the chamber. The porous ceramic particles of the biological carrier layer 316 are mixed and laid with elastic fillers, and the water distributor 317 achieves uniform distribution of sewage and improves the purification efficiency of the bacteria.

[0036] In the case of using an ecological filter for preventing river pollution according to this embodiment, when the polluted water from the river enters the inlet chamber 1 through the inlet pipe, it first undergoes a primary physical interception through the filter grid 103 at the outlet 102. The mesh size of the grid is adapted to large suspended debris such as branches, plastic scraps, and aquatic plants commonly found in river sewage, thus achieving the initial separation of sewage from large-volume debris. When the intercepted debris accumulates to a certain amount at the bottom of the water inlet chamber 1, the drive mechanism 105 is activated, and the output end of the electric cylinder 1051 extends and retracts, driving the connecting frame 1052 to move. The traction lifting plate 104 tilts towards the debris collection box 106 under the limiting guidance of the sliding block 1053 and the sliding block 2 1054. Using the principle of gravity, the accumulated debris automatically slides into the debris collection box 106 along the tilted lifting plate 104, completing the unmanned collection of debris. The stop block 1055 limits the movement of the sliding block 2 1054 to ensure the continuity of the initial screening process. After being screened by the inlet chamber 1, the sewage flows into the sludge chamber 2. The two symmetrically arranged inclined surfaces 201 in the sludge chamber 2 form an inverted trapezoidal sludge collection structure. Under the action of gravity, the suspended sludge, sand and other heavy particles in the sewage naturally collect along the inclined surfaces 201 to the U-shaped groove 202 at the bottom of the chamber, realizing the secondary physical separation of sewage and sludge. The spiral conveying mechanism 203 inside the U-shaped trough 202 starts synchronously, and the waterproof motor 2031 drives the spiral blades 2032 to rotate. Using the spiral propulsion principle, the sludge collected in the U-shaped trough 202 is pushed along the trough to the outside of the pool, and finally discharged through the sludge outlet pipe 2033 to the sludge collection device 315, completing the automatic discharge of sludge, avoiding the accumulation of sludge in the chamber and causing blockage of the sewage flow channel, while ensuring the cleanliness of the influent in the subsequent microbial purification process. Wastewater treated in sludge chamber 2 enters anaerobic bacterial chamber 301 through connecting pipe 204. Water distributor 317 evenly distributes the wastewater onto biological carrier layer 316 within the chamber. Biological carrier layer 316 is composed of a mixture of porous ceramic particles and elastic filler, providing a stable attachment carrier for anaerobic bacteria. In an anaerobic environment, anaerobic bacteria use large organic molecules in the wastewater as metabolic substrates, decomposing them into small organic acids, methane, and other simple substances through anaerobic fermentation, thus achieving the initial degradation of COD in the wastewater. Harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia produced during anaerobic fermentation diffuse upwards within the chamber to below the semi-enclosed plate 309, and are introduced into gas purification device 3092 through gas guide pipe 3091. The harmful gases are adsorbed and removed by the physical adsorption of activated carbon within the device, preventing secondary pollution caused by direct emission of harmful gases. Under the influence of gravity, the treated water in the anaerobic bacteria chamber 301 enters the anoxic bacteria chamber 302 through the first connecting pipe 304. The serpentine baffle 308 inside the first connecting pipe 304 causes the wastewater to enter the chamber in a turbulent state, increasing the contact area between the wastewater and the anoxic bacteria. The anoxic bacteria chamber 302 is an environment without dissolved oxygen and containing nitrates. Denitrifying bacteria use nitrate nitrogen in the wastewater as an electron acceptor and reduce nitrate nitrogen to nitrogen gas through denitrification, thus achieving denitrification treatment of the wastewater. The porous ceramic carbon source slow-release tank 3021 inside the chamber slowly releases solid carbon source, continuously providing carbon source substrate for the denitrification reaction, solving the problem of low denitrification efficiency caused by insufficient carbon source supply in traditional filter beds, and ensuring stable denitrification effect. The treated water from the anoxic bacteria chamber 302 enters the aerobic bacteria chamber 303 via the second connecting pipe 305. The anti-backflow valve 307 in the second connecting pipe 305 prevents the wastewater in the aerobic bacteria chamber 303 from flowing back into the anoxic bacteria chamber 302, thus preventing the environment inside the chamber from being disrupted. The microporous aerator 3031 inside the chamber is supplied with air by the aeration pump 3032, and the aeration volume is precisely controlled by the flow regulating valve on the aeration pipe to create a suitable dissolved oxygen environment for the aerobic bacteria. The aerobic bacteria use ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater as a metabolic substrate and oxidize ammonia nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen through nitrification. At the same time, aerobic polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria absorb phosphorus from the wastewater into their cells through excessive phosphorus uptake, thus achieving nitrogen and phosphorus removal from the wastewater. The biological carrier layer 316 provides attachment sites for aerobic bacteria and polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria, and the water distributor 317 ensures that the wastewater is in uniform contact with the biological carrier layer 316, improving the pollutant degradation efficiency. In the detachable planting boxes within each bacterial chamber, the roots of aquatic plants penetrate the grid box and extend to the biological carrier layer 316. On the one hand, they directly remove nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus from the wastewater through plant absorption. On the other hand, the allelochemicals secreted by the roots can promote the metabolic activity of surrounding microorganisms, forming a synergistic purification system of plants and microorganisms, thereby improving the removal efficiency of pollutants. The sludge discharge port 313 at the bottom of each bacterial chamber can be opened periodically to discharge the remaining sludge deposited in the chamber through the sludge discharge pipe 314 to the sludge collection device 315, so as to avoid sludge accumulation covering the biological carrier layer 316 and ensure effective contact between microorganisms and sewage. After being purified by microorganisms in the microbial chamber 3, the wastewater enters the water purification chamber 4 through the conveying pipe 306. The water purification chamber 4 is a undisturbed, static chamber that uses the principle of gravity clarification to allow the tiny suspended particles in the wastewater that have not been completely removed to slowly settle in the chamber, thus achieving the final clarification of the effluent. After the clarified water meets the discharge standards for river wastewater treatment, it is directly discharged into the river through the drain outlet 401 of the water purification chamber 4, completing the entire process of purifying polluted water.

[0037] The above description discloses only one preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiments can be implemented, and equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An ecological filter pond for preventing and controlling river pollution, characterized in that, The tank body is divided into an inlet chamber (1), a sludge chamber (2), a bacteria chamber (3), and a clean water chamber (4) in sequence along the direction of sewage flow. The water inlet chamber (1) is provided with an inlet pipe and an outlet (102). A filter screen (103) is provided at the outlet (102). The outlet (102) is connected to the sludge chamber (2). A lifting plate (104) is slidably provided in the water inlet chamber (1) and connected to the drive mechanism (105). A debris collection box (106) is provided on one side of the water inlet chamber (1). The lower end of the sludge tank (2) is symmetrically provided with two inclined surfaces (201), and a U-shaped groove (202) is provided at the bottom. A spiral conveying mechanism (203) is provided in the U-shaped groove (202), and the output end of the spiral conveying mechanism (203) extends to the outside of the tank. The fungal chamber (3) consists of an anaerobic bacterial chamber (301), an anaerobic bacterial chamber (302), and an aerobic bacterial chamber (303) from the outside to the inside, and the three chambers are independent of each other; The sludge chamber (2) is connected to the anaerobic bacteria chamber (301) through a connecting pipe (204), and the aerobic bacteria chamber (303) is connected to the water purification chamber (4) through a conveying pipe (306). The water purification chamber (4) is provided with a drain outlet (401).

2. The ecological filter pond for preventing and controlling river pollution as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The driving mechanism (105) includes an electric cylinder (1051), which is fixedly installed in the water inlet chamber (1); a connecting frame (1052), one end of which is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric cylinder (1051), and the other end is rotatably connected to the lifting plate (104); a slide block one (1053), one end of which is slidably installed on one side of the water inlet chamber (1), and the other end is rotatably connected to one side of the lifting plate (104); a slide block two (1054), one end of which is slidably installed on the water inlet chamber (1), and the other end is rotatably connected to the lifting plate (104), and is symmetrically arranged with slide block one (1053); and a stop block (1055), which is fixedly connected in the water inlet chamber (1) and located at the upper end of slide block two (1054).

3. The ecological filter pond for preventing and controlling river pollution as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the aerobic bacterial chamber (303) is higher than that of the anoxic bacterial chamber (302), and the height of the anoxic chamber is higher than that of the anaerobic bacterial chamber (301); the anaerobic bacterial chamber (301) and the anoxic bacterial chamber (302) are connected by multiple first connecting pipes (304), and the anoxic bacterial chamber (302) and the aerobic bacterial chamber (303) are connected by multiple second connecting pipes (305); the height of the first connecting pipes (304) is higher than that of the second connecting pipes (305), and the height of the second connecting pipes (305) is higher than that of the conveying pipe (306). The outlet ends of the first connecting pipe (304) and the second connecting pipe (305) are both equipped with anti-backflow valves (307), and serpentine baffles (308) are installed inside the pipes. The volume ratio of the anaerobic bacterial chamber (301), the anoxic bacterial chamber (302), and the aerobic bacterial chamber (303) is 1:1:2.5, which is suitable for the hydraulic residence time requirements of different bacterial species.

4. The ecological filter pond for preventing and controlling river pollution as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The anaerobic bacterial chamber (301) is equipped with a semi-enclosed plate (309) at the top, and a planting box one (310) is installed inside the anaerobic bacterial chamber (301); a planting box two (311) is installed inside the anoxic bacterial chamber (302); and a planting box three (312) is installed inside the aerobic bacterial chamber (303). Planting box one (310), planting box two (311), and planting box three (312) are detachable grid boxes filled with planting substrate. The planting substrate is a mixture of humus, perlite, and slow-release fertilizer in a volume ratio of 3:1:0.

5. Aquatic plants are planted in the boxes, and the roots of the aquatic plants penetrate the grid box and extend to the biological carrier layer (316) in the corresponding bacterial cavity.

5. The ecological filter pond for preventing and controlling river pollution as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The spiral conveying mechanism (203) includes a waterproof motor (2031) which is installed on the sludge bin (2); a spiral blade (2032) which is installed in the U-shaped groove (202) and connected to the output end of the waterproof motor (2031); and a mud discharge pipe (2033) which is installed on the sludge bin (2) and connected to the U-shaped groove (202).

6. The ecological filter pond for preventing and controlling river pollution as described in claim 4, characterized in that, A gas duct (3091) is provided on the semi-enclosed plate (309). The gas duct (3091) extends to the outside of the pool and is connected to a gas purification device (3092). The gas purification device (3092) is filled with activated carbon to adsorb harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide produced by anaerobic fermentation. The anoxic bacterial chamber (302) contains uniformly distributed carbon source slow-release tanks (3021). The carbon source slow-release tanks (3021) are made of porous ceramic material and filled with solid carbon source. They provide a continuous carbon source supply for the denitrification reaction through slow-release carbon source. Microporous aerators (3031) are installed in the aerobic bacterial chamber (303). The microporous aerators (3031) are evenly distributed below the biological carrier layer (316) and connected to the aeration pump (3032) outside the tank through the aeration pipe. A flow regulating valve is installed on the aeration pipe.

7. The ecological filter pond for preventing and controlling river pollution as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the anaerobic bacteria chamber (301), the anoxic bacteria chamber (302), and the aerobic bacteria chamber (303) are all provided with sludge discharge ports (313). The sludge discharge ports (313) are connected to the sludge collection device (315) outside the pool through sludge discharge pipes (314). A control valve is provided on the sludge discharge pipes (314). The outer wall of the fungal storage chamber (3) is wrapped with an insulation layer, which is made of polyurethane foam.

8. The ecological filter pond for preventing and controlling river pollution as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The anaerobic bacterial chamber (301), the anoxic bacterial chamber (302), and the aerobic bacterial chamber (303) are all lined with a biological carrier layer (316). The biological carrier layer (316) is made of a mixture of porous ceramic particles and elastic filler. A water distributor (317) is installed below the biological carrier layer (316). The three water distributors (317) are respectively connected to the first connecting pipe (304), the second connecting pipe (305), and the connecting pipe (204).

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