One-way permeable cooling method for interior of concrete

Abstract

The invention discloses a one-way water-permeable cooling method for the interior of concrete, and belongs to the technical field of constructional engineering.The one-way water-permeable cooling method for the interior of the concrete comprises the steps that multiple sets of cooling pipes are arranged in the concrete, and a vacuum pumping mechanism and a cooling circulation mechanism are connected to the cooling pipes respectively; the interior of the cooling pipe is sucked to be in a negative pressure state through a vacuum pumping mechanism, so that surplus water in the concrete enters the cooling pipe through the one-way water permeable film and is continuously discharged; cooling water is introduced into the cooling pipe by adopting a cooling circulation mechanism; the cooling circulation mechanism is controlled to stop cooling water circulation and empty residual accumulated water in the cooling pipe; and the cooling pipe section extending out of the surface of the concrete is cut off, and pressure grouting hole sealing is conducted on the cooling pipe buried in the concrete. According to the technical scheme, cavities, water bags, microcracks and other original defects formed by water accumulation and migration can be effectively reduced from the source, the internal structure of the concrete is more compact and uniform, and then the construction quality of the concrete is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building engineering technology, and in particular to a method for cooling concrete with one-way permeable water. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of social infrastructure construction, concrete, as the cornerstone of modern construction engineering, is being used on an increasingly larger scale and with greater structural complexity. The widespread adoption of large-volume concrete and high-performance concrete makes the internal behavior control of concrete during the hardening process crucial, as it directly relates to the long-term safety and durability of the structure.

[0003] During the mixing, transportation, and pouring of fresh concrete, the microscopic inhomogeneity of the materials and the limitations of construction vibration make it difficult to achieve an ideal state of absolute uniformity, resulting in uneven moisture distribution throughout the freshly poured concrete. During the plastic stage, solid particles settle under gravity, causing the mixed water to rise relatively and accumulate below aggregates, reinforcing bars, and between horizontal structural layers, forming "internal bleeding." This excess water is not stable but migrates under construction disturbances and chemical shrinkage. The resulting microscopic water pockets and channels pose serious hidden dangers to the final concrete structure. After the concrete hardens, the pores and defects left by the leaching or evaporation of this water not only directly weaken local mechanical properties but also become the starting point for stress concentration, significantly increasing the risk of early plastic shrinkage cracking and later drying shrinkage cracking.

[0004] To address moisture-related issues, current technologies primarily focus on external protection after concrete has hardened. A common practice is to lay an impermeable layer or apply waterproofing material to the exterior of the structure, attempting to create a barrier to prevent the intrusion of moisture from the external environment. However, this external protection is ineffective against the accumulation and migration of internal moisture that has already formed during the plastic stage of concrete, and cannot eliminate inherent defects. More paradoxically, while external sealing prevents external moisture from entering, it may also hinder the normal escape of some moisture from within the concrete, and in some cases, may even exacerbate the development of internal defects, thereby affecting the concrete's strength. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a one-way permeable cooling method for the interior of concrete, which can actively drain excess water during the plastic stage of concrete, effectively reducing primary defects such as voids, water pockets, and microcracks caused by water accumulation and migration from the source, making the internal structure of concrete more compact and uniform, thereby ensuring the construction quality of concrete.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a one-way permeable cooling method for the interior of concrete is applied to a one-way permeable cooling device for the interior of concrete. The device includes a vacuum pumping mechanism and a cooling circulation mechanism, and a cooling pipe capable of selectively connecting the vacuum pumping mechanism and the cooling circulation mechanism. The cooling pipe has permeable holes on its wall, and a one-way permeable membrane is provided on the outer side covered by the permeable holes. The method includes: Obtain the concrete pouring dimensions, and based on these dimensions, lay out multiple sets of cooling pipes inside the concrete, connecting the vacuum pumping mechanism and the cooling circulation mechanism to the cooling pipes respectively. After the concrete is poured, a vacuum pumping mechanism is used to draw the inside of the cooling pipe to a negative pressure state so that excess water inside the concrete can pass through the one-way permeable membrane into the cooling pipe and be continuously discharged. After the excess water is drained, a cooling circulation mechanism is used to circulate cooling water into the cooling pipes to cool the concrete internally. Once the temperature inside the concrete drops to the preset temperature value, the cooling circulation mechanism is controlled to stop the cooling water circulation and drain the residual water in the cooling pipes. Cut off the cooling pipe section protruding from the concrete surface and seal the cooling pipe embedded in the concrete by pressure grouting.

[0007] The system offers at least the following benefits: Cooling pipes are strategically placed inside the concrete according to its actual pouring dimensions, and the vacuum extraction mechanism and cooling circulation mechanism are connected to these pipes. After the concrete pouring is complete, the vacuum extraction mechanism is activated to draw the cooling pipes into a negative pressure state. At this time, excess water accumulated inside the concrete during mixing and vibration is forced through a one-way permeable membrane into the cooling pipes by the pressure difference and continuously discharged into the vacuum bottle. Once the excess water discharge is complete, the vacuum extraction mechanism is shut off, and the cooling circulation mechanism is activated to introduce cooled water into the cooling pipes, thus cooling the concrete in the hydration heat stage. When the internal temperature of the concrete drops to the preset requirement, the cooling water circulation is stopped, and the accumulated water in the pipes is drained. Finally, the section of the cooling pipe protruding from the concrete surface is cut off, and the pipes embedded inside the structure are sealed by pressure grouting to restore the structural integrity. The technical solution of this invention utilizes a one-way permeable membrane under negative pressure to directionally drain excess water during the plastic stage of concrete, eliminating defects caused by water accumulation at the source and improving the density and thermal uniformity of the internal structure of the concrete. Subsequently, it switches to a cooling mode, achieving more efficient and uniform heat exchange based on the dense structure formed in the early stage, effectively suppressing temperature cracks caused by uneven hydration heat. Finally, by grouting and sealing the holes, the pipes are transformed into permanent reinforcing components inside the concrete, restoring the integrity of the structure. Thus, the dual functions of drainage and cooling are achieved in stages through the same pipe system, effectively reducing original defects such as voids, water pockets, and microcracks caused by water accumulation and migration, making the internal structure of the concrete denser and more uniform, thereby ensuring the construction quality of the concrete.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the vacuum pumping mechanism includes a vacuum pump, a vacuum bottle, and a water-drawing valve. The vacuum pump is connected to the vacuum bottle through a first pipeline, and the vacuum bottle is connected to the cooling pipe through a second pipeline. The water-drawing valve is disposed on the second pipeline. The vacuum pumping mechanism is used to evacuate the interior of the cooling pipe to a negative pressure state, including: starting the vacuum pump to evacuate the vacuum bottle until the interior of the vacuum bottle reaches a first preset vacuum degree; maintaining the operation of the vacuum pump to maintain the pressure inside the vacuum bottle stable for a preset time; if the pressure inside the vacuum bottle remains stable within the preset time, determining that the airtightness of the vacuum bottle meets the operational requirements, and adjusting the pumping power of the vacuum pump until the pressure inside the vacuum bottle reaches a second preset vacuum degree.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, before starting the vacuum pump, the method further includes: detecting the initial gas pressure inside the vacuum bottle; after confirming that the initial gas pressure is within a safe threshold range, connecting the vacuum bottle to the atmosphere and releasing the internal pressure of the vacuum bottle to atmospheric pressure; and connecting the vacuum pump and the vacuum bottle using a first pipeline.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the cooling circulation mechanism includes an inlet tank and a return tank, and a circulation pipeline connecting the inlet tank and the return tank. The outlet of the inlet tank is connected to the inlet of the cooling pipe through a water supply pipeline equipped with an inlet distributor. The inlet of the return tank is connected to the outlet of the cooling pipe through a return pipeline equipped with a return distributor. A chiller is provided in the inlet tank, which is configured to cool the water in the tank. A filter assembly and a booster pump are provided in the return tank, which is configured to pump the water purified by the filter assembly to the inlet tank. The cooling circulation mechanism is used to pass cooling water into the cooling pipe, including: pumping the cooling water refrigerated by the chiller into the cooling pipe at a preset flow rate through the water supply pipeline; the return water flowing out of the cooling pipe is collected in the return tank through the return pipeline, and after being purified by the filter assembly and cooled by the chiller in sequence, it is pumped back into the water supply pipeline for circulation.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a cooling circulation mechanism is used to circulate cooling water into cooling pipes to cool the concrete internally. This includes: acquiring temperature monitoring points inside and on the surface of the concrete; deploying temperature sensors based on these monitoring points; acquiring real-time temperature data from the monitoring points based on the temperature sensors; determining the temperature distribution state inside the concrete based on the real-time temperature data; identifying high-temperature areas requiring enhanced cooling and low-temperature areas requiring suppressed cooling based on the temperature distribution state; and adjusting the opening degree of each branch valve on the water inlet distributor according to the identification results. Specifically, the cooling water flow rate is increased for cooling pipes corresponding to high-temperature areas, while the cooling water flow rate is decreased for cooling pipes corresponding to low-temperature areas.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, pressure grouting is used to seal cooling pipes embedded in concrete using cement grout that matches the strength grade of the concrete.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of water-permeable holes are evenly distributed at the top and bottom of the cooling pipe.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the filter assembly includes a plurality of filter screens arranged sequentially in a vertical direction, wherein the mesh size of the plurality of filter screens decreases progressively from top to bottom.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the material of the one-way permeable membrane is polyetherketone.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the inner diameter of the second pipe is larger than the inner diameter of the first pipe. Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the one-way permeable cooling method inside concrete in this specific embodiment. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the one-way permeable cooling device inside the concrete in this specific embodiment; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Top view in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the intermediate cooling pipe.

[0018] Figure label: Vacuum pumping mechanism 1, vacuum pump 11, vacuum bottle 12, water pumping valve 13, connector 14, first pipeline 15, second pipeline 16. Cooling circulation mechanism 2, water inlet tank 21, chiller 211, return water tank 22, filter screen 221, booster water pump 222, circulation pipeline 23, water supply pipeline 24, water inlet distributor 241, return water pipeline 25, return distributor 251. Cooling pipe 3, water permeable hole 31, one-way water permeable membrane 32; Concrete 4. Detailed Implementation

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0020] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," "exceeding," etc. are understood to exclude the stated number, and "above," "below," "within," etc. are understood to include the stated number. If "first," "second," etc. are used in the description, they are only configured to distinguish technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or the order of the indicated technical features.

[0021] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0022] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4This embodiment discloses a one-way permeable cooling method for concrete interiors, applied to a one-way permeable cooling device for concrete interiors. The device includes a vacuum pumping mechanism 1 and a cooling circulation mechanism 2, as well as a cooling pipe 3 capable of selectively connecting the vacuum pumping mechanism 1 and the cooling circulation mechanism 2. The cooling pipe 3 has permeable holes 31 on its wall, and a one-way permeable membrane 32 covers the outside of the permeable holes 31 to achieve unidirectional controllable water flow. The method includes: Obtain the pouring dimensions of concrete 4, and based on the pouring dimensions, lay multiple sets of cooling pipes 3 inside concrete 4, and connect the vacuum pumping mechanism 1 and the cooling circulation mechanism 2 to the cooling pipes 3 respectively. After the concrete 4 is poured, the vacuum pumping mechanism 1 is used to draw the inside of the cooling pipe 3 to a negative pressure state so that the excess water inside the concrete 4 can pass through the one-way permeable membrane 32 into the cooling pipe 3 and be continuously discharged. After the excess water is drained, the cooling circulation mechanism 2 is used to introduce cooling water into the cooling pipe 3 to cool the concrete 4 internally. Once the temperature inside the concrete 4 drops to the preset temperature value, the cooling circulation mechanism 2 stops the cooling water circulation and drains the residual water in the cooling pipe 3. Cut off the section of cooling pipe 3 that protrudes from the surface of concrete 4, and seal the cooling pipe 3 embedded in concrete 4 by pressure grouting.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, firstly, based on the actual pouring dimensions of concrete 4, cooling pipes 3 are rationally arranged inside concrete 4, and the vacuum pumping mechanism 1 and the cooling circulation mechanism 2 are connected to the cooling pipes 3 respectively. After the concrete 4 is poured, the vacuum pumping mechanism 1 is activated to draw the cooling pipes 3 into a negative pressure state. At this time, the excess water accumulated inside the concrete 4 during the mixing and vibration process is driven by the pressure difference to enter the cooling pipes 3 through the one-way permeable membrane 32 and is continuously discharged into the vacuum bottle 12. After the excess water discharge is completed, the vacuum pumping mechanism 1 is turned off, and the cooling circulation mechanism 2 is activated to introduce cooled water into the cooling pipes 3 to cool the concrete 4, which is in the hydration heat stage. When the internal temperature of the concrete 4 drops to the preset requirement, the cooling water circulation is stopped and the water accumulated in the pipes is drained. Finally, the section of cooling pipe 3 protruding from the surface of concrete 4 is cut off, and the pipes embedded in the structure are sealed by pressure grouting to restore the integrity of the structure.

[0024] It should be noted that the key stage in implementing the method of this invention lies in accurately grasping the plastic state of concrete 4. The plastic state specifically refers to the physical state of concrete 4 from the completion of pouring and vibration until initial setting. Although concrete 4 in the plastic state has already achieved molding stability and will not flow as a whole, its internal structure is still in the transitional stage from a suspended system to a solid system. At the microscopic level, the hydration reaction of cementitious materials such as cement has just begun, and the solid particles form an interconnected capillary pore network system through water molecules. Therefore, this special structural state allows concrete 4 to simultaneously exhibit morphological plasticity and the mobility of its internal medium. Free water existing in the interconnected pore network can form directional seepage paths under negative pressure, thereby achieving efficient drainage. Meanwhile, the slurry, which has not yet formed a rigid skeleton, can undergo creep flow under its own weight and the redistribution of internal stress after water migration, achieving secondary filling and sealing of the water-migrating pores. This simultaneous drainage and self-healing forms a dynamic defect repair mechanism.

[0025] Therefore, during the plastic stage of concrete 4, the one-way permeable membrane 32 is used to directionally drain excess water under negative pressure, eliminating defects caused by water accumulation at the source and improving the density and thermal uniformity of the internal structure of concrete 4. Subsequently, the system switches to cooling mode, leveraging the previously formed dense structure to achieve more efficient and uniform heat exchange, effectively suppressing temperature cracks caused by uneven hydration heat. Finally, grouting seals the pipes, transforming them into permanent reinforcing components within concrete 4 and restoring structural integrity. This invention's technical solution achieves both drainage and cooling functions in stages through the same piping system, effectively reducing primary defects such as voids, water pockets, and microcracks caused by water accumulation and migration, resulting in a denser and more uniform internal structure of concrete 4, thereby ensuring the construction quality of concrete 4.

[0026] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the material of the one-way permeable membrane 32 is polyetherketone.

[0027] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the vacuum pumping mechanism 1 includes a vacuum pump 11, a vacuum bottle 12, and a water extraction valve 13. The vacuum pump 11 is connected to the vacuum bottle 12 through a first pipeline 15, and the vacuum bottle 12 is connected to the cooling pipe 3 through a second pipeline 16. The water extraction valve 13 is disposed on the second pipeline 16. The vacuum pumping mechanism 1 is used to evacuate the interior of the cooling pipe 3 to a negative pressure state, including: starting the vacuum pump 11 to evacuate the vacuum bottle 12 until the interior of the vacuum bottle 12 reaches a first preset vacuum degree; maintaining the operation of the vacuum pump 11 to maintain the pressure inside the vacuum bottle 12 stable for a preset time; if the pressure inside the vacuum bottle 12 remains stable within the preset time, it is determined that the airtightness of the vacuum bottle 12 meets the operational requirements, and the pumping power of the vacuum pump 11 is adjusted until the pressure inside the vacuum bottle 12 reaches a second preset vacuum degree.

[0028] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the vacuum pumping mechanism 1 consists of a vacuum pump 11, a vacuum bottle 12, and a water pumping valve 13. The vacuum pump 11 is connected to the vacuum bottle 12 via a first pipe 15, while the vacuum bottle 12 is connected to a cooling pipe 3 embedded in the concrete 4 via a second pipe 16. The water pumping valve 13 is installed on the second pipe 16 to control the opening and closing of this section of the pipe. During the pumping and venting operation, the vacuum pump 11 is first started to continuously pump air from the vacuum bottle 12, gradually reducing its internal pressure to a first preset vacuum level. The operation of the vacuum pump 11 is then maintained, and the pressure inside the vacuum bottle 12 is kept stable for a preset period of time. It should be noted that if the pressure inside the bottle does not fluctuate significantly during this period, the vacuum system composed of the vacuum pump 11, the first pipe 15, the vacuum bottle 12, and the second pipe 16 is considered to have good sealing performance and meets the requirements of subsequent operations. At this point, by adjusting the pumping power of the vacuum pump 11, the pumping intensity is further increased until the vacuum bottle 12 reaches a lower second preset vacuum level, thereby establishing the required strong negative pressure environment inside the cooling pipe 3.

[0029] Therefore, a pressure holding test is conducted at the first preset vacuum level to effectively identify any leaks before formally establishing the working negative pressure. This prevents engineering problems such as low drainage efficiency or inability to maintain negative pressure inside the concrete due to poor system sealing. This phased approach to increasing the vacuum level avoids the impact on the system's sealing components caused by sudden large-scale air extraction, and provides clear operating conditions for system sealing testing, thereby improving the reliability and success rate of drainage operations.

[0030] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, before starting the vacuum pump 11, the method further includes: detecting the initial gas pressure inside the vacuum bottle 12; after confirming that the initial gas pressure is within a safe threshold range, connecting the vacuum bottle 12 to the atmosphere and releasing the internal pressure of the vacuum bottle 12 to normal pressure; and connecting the vacuum pump 11 and the vacuum bottle 12 using a first pipeline 15.

[0031] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the initial gas pressure inside the vacuum bottle 12 is first detected. After confirming that it is within the safe threshold range, the vacuum bottle 12 is connected to the atmosphere to restore its internal pressure to the standard atmospheric state. Then, the connection between the vacuum pump 11 and the vacuum bottle 12 is established through the first pipeline 15. It is worth noting that in engineering practice, the vacuum bottle 12 is the core component of the sealing system, and the pressure state of the residual gas inside it directly affects the reliability and accuracy of subsequent vacuuming operations. If there is undetected residual positive pressure, it may cause gas impact during pipeline connection, affecting the sealing performance; if there is undetected residual negative pressure, it will lead to deviations in subsequent sealing tests, making it impossible to accurately determine whether there is a real leak in the system. Therefore, this invention ensures the accuracy and reliability of vacuum degree measurement and sealing test results by establishing a standardized initial system state, providing a fundamental guarantee for the effective implementation of subsequent concrete drainage operations.

[0032] Furthermore, the piping system of the vacuum pumping mechanism consists of a two-stage pipeline. Specifically, the main pipeline of the second pipeline 16 originates at the vacuum bottle interface, and a water pumping valve is installed on this main pipeline as a master control switch. The end of the main pipeline is connected to a multi-channel connector, which acts as a distribution hub, connecting the water inlet of each cooling pipe through multiple parallel branch pipelines, forming a complete gas path in which the vacuum bottle, main pipeline, connector, branch pipelines, and cooling pipes are sequentially connected. This design allows a single vacuum pump to simultaneously establish a negative pressure environment for multiple sets of cooling pipes, and when maintenance is required, a specific branch pipeline can be shut off individually without affecting the overall system operation.

[0033] In the specific implementation of this invention, the initial gas pressure inside the vacuum bottle 12 is detected by a pressure measuring instrument connected to the interface of the vacuum bottle 12. The operator can directly read the pressure value displayed on the instrument, thereby quickly and accurately determining the initial state of the vacuum bottle 12. This pressure detection method is a conventional means in the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0034] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the cooling circulation mechanism 2 includes an inlet tank 21, a return tank 22, and a circulation pipe 23 connecting the inlet tank 21 and the return tank 22. The outlet of the inlet tank 21 is connected to the inlet of the cooling pipe 3 through a water supply pipe 24 equipped with an inlet distributor 241. The inlet of the return tank 22 is connected to the outlet of the cooling pipe 3 through a return pipe 25 equipped with a return distributor 251. A chiller 211 is provided inside the inlet tank 21. The chiller 211 is configured to cool the water in the tank and the return water... The tank 22 is equipped with a filter assembly and a booster pump 222. The booster pump 222 is configured to pump the water purified by the filter assembly to the inlet tank 21. The cooling circulation mechanism 2 is used to pass cooling water into the cooling pipe 3, including: pumping the cooling water cooled by the chiller 211 into the cooling pipe 3 at a preset flow rate through the water supply pipeline 24; the return water flowing out of the cooling pipe 3 is collected in the return water tank 22 through the return water pipeline 25, and is then purified by the filter assembly and cooled by the chiller 211 before being pumped back into the water supply pipeline 24 for recycling.

[0035] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the cooling circulation mechanism 2 consists of an inlet tank 21, a return tank 22, and a circulation pipe 23 connecting the two, forming a closed water circulation system. The outlet of the inlet tank 21 is connected to the inlet of the cooling pipe 3 via a water supply pipe 24 equipped with an inlet distributor 241. The inlet of the return tank 22 is connected to the outlet of the cooling pipe 3 via a return pipe 25 equipped with a return distributor 251. The inlet tank 21 is equipped with a chiller 211 for continuous cooling of the water stored inside. The return tank 22 is equipped with a filter assembly and a booster pump 222. The booster pump 222 is responsible for returning the water purified by the filter assembly to the inlet tank 21, completing the closed-loop water circulation process.

[0036] During the cooling operation, cooling water, after being fully cooled by chiller 211, is first pumped into the cooling pipes 3 installed inside the concrete 4 via water supply pipe 24 at a preset process flow rate. As the cooling water flows through the cooling pipes 3, it absorbs heat generated by the hydration reaction of the concrete 4, and its temperature rises, becoming return water. This return water is collected and flows into the return water tank 22 via return water pipe 25. Notably, this heat-carrying return water undergoes purification treatment through a filter assembly in the return water tank 22 to remove impurities. It is then pumped by booster pump 222 to the inlet water tank 21, where chiller 211 performs another round of cooling before the water finally re-enters the water supply pipe 24 for recycling. This circulating cooling mode transforms the single-use cooling water of traditional construction into a recyclable process medium. Simultaneously, the filter assembly effectively solves the problems of pipe blockage and reduced heat exchange efficiency caused by the accumulation of solid impurities in the circulating water. This significantly reduces water consumption, ensures the stability of the cooling effect, and guarantees long-term stable system operation.

[0037] The cooling circulation system consists of a two-stage piping system. Specifically, the main water supply line 24 extends from the inlet tank, with an inlet valve serving as the master valve. The main line terminates at a distributor, which connects to the inlet ports of each cooling pipe via multiple parallel branch lines. Each branch line outlet is equipped with an independent regulating valve, facilitating precise control of the water flow rate to each cooling pipe based on temperature monitoring data. The return line 25 follows the same configuration as the supply line 24 and will not be described further here. Notably, one end of each cooling pipe 3 is connected to the second pipeline, while the other end connects to the distributors of the supply line 24 and return line 25, respectively. During cooling operations, the pump valve is closed, and the inlet valve of the supply line 24 and the return valve of the return line 25 are opened, thus forming a circulation loop in the order of supply line 24, cooling pipe 3, and return line 25.

[0038] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, a cooling circulation mechanism 2 is used to introduce cooling water into the cooling pipe 3 to cool the concrete 4 internally. This includes: acquiring temperature monitoring points inside and on the surface of the concrete 4, and deploying temperature sensors based on the temperature monitoring points; acquiring real-time temperature data of the temperature monitoring points based on the temperature sensors, and determining the temperature distribution state inside the concrete 4 based on the real-time temperature data; identifying high-temperature areas that need enhanced cooling and low-temperature areas that need suppressed cooling based on the temperature distribution state; and adjusting the opening degree of each branch valve on the water inlet distributor 241 according to the identification results, increasing the cooling water flow rate of the cooling pipe 3 corresponding to the high-temperature area, and decreasing the cooling water flow rate of the cooling pipe 3 corresponding to the low-temperature area.

[0039] Specifically, temperature sensors are deployed at key locations inside and on the surface of the concrete structure 4 to construct a complete temperature monitoring network, continuously capturing temperature changes in different parts of the concrete structure 4 during the cement hydration process. Based on the temperature data transmitted from the sensors, the system accurately identifies the non-uniformity of temperature distribution within the concrete 4, thus clearly delineating high-temperature accumulation zones and low-temperature regions. On this basis, by adjusting the opening of the branch valves on the water inlet distributor 241 corresponding to different cooling pipes 3, independent and precise control of the water flow into each cooling pipe 3 is achieved. Specifically, for identified high-temperature regions, the water supply flow to the corresponding cooling pipe 3 is increased to enhance heat exchange and accelerate heat dissipation in that region; conversely, for identified low-temperature regions, the water supply flow to the corresponding cooling pipe 3 is reduced to slow down the cooling rate in that region.

[0040] Traditional uniform water cooling methods ignore the spatial differences in the actual heat dissipation needs of concrete 4. However, the technical solution of this invention allocates cooling resources in a differentiated manner, which can effectively suppress the temperature gradient inside the concrete 4 structure. This prevents temperature stress concentration caused by local overheating or excessive internal and external temperature differences, thereby suppressing the generation of temperature cracks from the root and ensuring the volume stability of concrete 4 during the critical period of strength development. As a result, the uniformity, density and long-term durability of the structure are improved as a whole.

[0041] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, a cement grout matching the strength grade of the concrete 4 is used to pressure grout and seal the cooling pipe 3 embedded inside the concrete 4.

[0042] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, after the cooling and curing of concrete 4 is completed, the cooling pipes 3 embedded inside the structure need to be sealed. This is done by using cement grout matching the strength grade of the concrete 4, and filling the cavity of the cooling pipes 3 thoroughly through pressure grouting. Pressure grouting ensures a tight bond between the grout and the wall of the cooling pipes 3 and the surrounding concrete 4, eliminating any weak interfaces that may be formed due to pipe residue. Simultaneously, the core column formed after sealing shares the load with the concrete 4 matrix, preventing leakage channels or stress cracks along the cooling pipes 3 during use, thereby ensuring that the concrete 4 structure maintains its expected load-bearing capacity and functionality throughout its entire lifespan.

[0043] It is worth noting that during the grouting and sealing stage, the one-way permeable membrane 32 covering the cooling pipe 3 plays a crucial sealing and isolation role. Specifically, when cement grout is injected into the cooling pipe 3 using pressure grouting, this one-way membrane, with its inherent reverse sealing characteristics, can effectively prevent cement particles and cementitious components in the grout from escaping through the membrane pores. This ensures, on the one hand, that the grouting pressure is effectively established within the cooling pipe 3 cavity, allowing the grout to fully fill the internal space of the cooling pipe 3, forming a complete and dense cement core column; on the other hand, it prevents the grout from seeping into the already formed stable structure of the concrete 4, preventing damage to the inherent microstructure and porosity of the concrete 4 due to the intrusion of external grout, thus ensuring the overall integrity and durability of the structure.

[0044] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of water-permeable holes 31 are evenly distributed on the top and bottom of the cooling pipe 3.

[0045] It is worth noting that during the plastic stage of concrete 4, two opposing water migration phenomena occur simultaneously within the material. Specifically, the lighter free water, under the influence of buoyancy, gathers upward to form a surface oozing layer, while some water squeezed out by the aggregate migrates downward under the influence of gravity. Therefore, from a drainage efficiency perspective, the opening at the top of cooling pipe 3 can promptly remove the rising oozing water to prevent surface defects, while the opening at the bottom can effectively collect the seeping water to prevent the formation of water pockets at the bottom, thus achieving three-dimensional collection of excess water. Furthermore, maintaining the integrity of the sidewalls of cooling pipe 3 maintains the circumferential stiffness of the pipe, allowing for a higher excess water collection effect with a smaller opening ratio. This ensures structural stability during concrete 4 pouring and vibration, achieving optimal water drainage.

[0046] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the filter assembly includes a plurality of filter screens 221 arranged sequentially in the vertical direction, and the mesh size of the plurality of filter screens 221 decreases progressively from top to bottom.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, there are two filter screens 221, which are arranged sequentially in the vertical direction. The mesh size of each filter screen 221 gradually decreases from top to bottom. When the circulating return water enters the filter assembly, larger suspended particles are first effectively intercepted by the front coarse filter screen. Then, finer particles in the water are gradually removed as they flow through the subsequent fine filter screen, thereby avoiding the risk of blockage of the cooling pipes due to the accumulation of impurities and improving the heat exchange efficiency of the chiller 211.

[0048] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the inner diameter of the second pipe 16 is larger than the inner diameter of the first pipe 15. like Figure 2As shown, the inner diameter of the second pipe 16 connecting the vacuum bottle 12 and the cooling pipe 3 is larger than that of the first pipe 15 connecting the vacuum pump 11 and the vacuum bottle 12. The first pipe 15, as the vacuum generating section, mainly undertakes the gas transportation function. A relatively small pipe diameter can meet the pumping efficiency requirements, while also helping to maintain a high airflow velocity to ensure that the system quickly establishes an initial vacuum. The second pipe 16, as the gas-water mixing and transportation section, needs to handle both gas and liquid water discharged from the concrete 4. A larger pipe diameter can significantly reduce fluid transportation resistance and provide a smooth flow channel for the gas-water mixture.

[0049] The following is based on Figures 2 to 4 The structure shown further illustrates the one-way permeable cooling method inside this concrete.

[0050] Based on the dimensions of the concrete structure 4, cooling pipes 3 are pre-embedded in the steel reinforcement cage at horizontal intervals of 1 meter. For example... Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the cooling pipe 3 is made of high-density polyethylene with an outer diameter of 32mm and a wall thickness of 2.3mm. Multiple water-permeable holes 31 are evenly spaced at 10cm intervals on the top and bottom walls of the cooling pipe 3. The water-permeable holes 31 are covered with a one-way permeable membrane 32 made of polyetherketone material. The left end of the cooling pipe 3 is connected to the vacuum pumping mechanism 1, and the right end is connected to the cooling circulation mechanism 2. The vacuum pumping mechanism 1 includes a vacuum pump 11, a vacuum bottle 12, and a water-pumping valve 13. The vacuum pump 11 is connected to the vacuum bottle 12 via a first pipe 15, and the vacuum bottle 12 is connected to the left end of the cooling pipe 3 via a second pipe 16 equipped with a water-pumping valve 13 and a connector 14. The cooling circulation mechanism 2 includes an inlet tank 21 and a return tank 22. The inlet tank 21 and the return tank 22 are connected by a circulation pipe 23. The outlet of the inlet tank 21 is connected to the inlet of the cooling pipe 3 through a water supply pipe 24 equipped with an inlet distributor 241. The inlet of the return tank 22 is connected to the outlet of the cooling pipe 3 through a return pipe 25 equipped with a return distributor 251. The inlet tank 21 is equipped with a chiller 211 for preparing cooling water. The return tank 22 is equipped with a filter assembly and a booster pump 222 for purifying and circulating the cooling water.

[0051] After the concrete 4 is poured and vibrated, the vacuum pumping mechanism 1 is activated during the plastic stage before initial setting. Before starting the vacuum pump 11, the initial pressure inside the vacuum bottle 12 is checked. After confirming that the initial pressure inside the vacuum bottle 12 does not exceed 0.05 MPa, it is depressurized to atmospheric pressure. The vacuum pump 11 is started to bring the pressure inside the vacuum bottle 12 to -0.05 MPa and maintain it for 10 minutes. After verifying the sealing of the vacuum bottle 12, the working power of the vacuum pump 11 is increased to bring the working environment inside the vacuum bottle 12 to -0.1 MPa. Under this pressure difference, excess water inside the concrete 4 seeps into the cooling pipe 3 through the one-way permeable membrane 32 and is discharged into the vacuum bottle 12 through the second pipe 16. When drainage continues until no new liquid flows into the vacuum bottle 12, it is determined that the moisture distribution inside the concrete 4 has been significantly optimized.

[0052] After shutting down the vacuum pumping system, the cooling circulation system is immediately activated. The water temperature is controlled at 20℃ by the chiller 211 in the inlet tank 21, and the booster pump 222 pumps cooling water at a flow rate of 2.1 m³ / h into the cooling pipe 3 via the inlet distributor 241. During the cooling process, temperature field changes are monitored in real time by temperature sensors embedded in the center of the structure and 5 cm from the surface. When the temperature in a certain area is detected to be more than 3℃ higher than that of adjacent areas, the cooling water flow rate in that area is increased by adjusting the corresponding branch valves of the inlet distributor 241 and the return distributor 251; conversely, the flow rate is reduced accordingly for areas with lower temperatures, achieving differentiated and precise temperature control.

[0053] When the highest internal temperature of concrete 4 drops below 50℃ and the temperature difference between the inside and outside is less than 20℃, stop the cooling water circulation and drain the water from the pipe. Use a hydraulic cutting tool to cut off the pipe section protruding from the surface of concrete 4, and use cement grout of the same strength grade as the structure to fully fill the inner cavity of the pipe through a pressure grouting device. After the grout solidifies, the original cooling pipe 3 area is transformed into a reinforcement that works in conjunction with concrete 4, forming a complete permanent structure.

[0054] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0055] Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. All such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A method for cooling concrete with one-way permeable water, characterized in that, A one-way permeable cooling device for concrete interior is provided. The device includes a vacuum pumping mechanism (1) and a cooling circulation mechanism (2), and a cooling pipe (3) that can selectively connect the vacuum pumping mechanism (1) and the cooling circulation mechanism (2). The cooling pipe (3) has permeable holes (31) on its wall and a one-way permeable membrane (32) covering the outside of the permeable holes (31). The method includes: Obtain the pouring dimensions of the concrete (4), and based on the pouring dimensions, arrange multiple sets of cooling pipes (3) inside the concrete (4), and connect the vacuum pumping mechanism (1) and the cooling circulation mechanism (2) to the cooling pipes (3) respectively. After the concrete (4) is poured, the vacuum pumping mechanism (1) is used to draw the inside of the cooling pipe (3) to a negative pressure state so that the excess water inside the concrete (4) can pass through the one-way permeable membrane (32) into the cooling pipe (3) and be continuously discharged. After the excess water is drained, the cooling circulation mechanism (2) is used to pass cooling water into the cooling pipe (3) to cool the concrete (4) internally. After the temperature inside the concrete (4) drops to the preset temperature value, the cooling circulation mechanism (2) is controlled to stop the cooling water circulation and drain the residual water in the cooling pipe (3); Cut off the section of the cooling pipe (3) that protrudes from the surface of the concrete (4) and seal the cooling pipe (3) embedded in the concrete (4) by pressure grouting.

2. The method for one-way permeable cooling inside concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vacuum pumping mechanism (1) includes a vacuum pump (11), a vacuum bottle (12) and a water pumping valve (13). The vacuum pump (11) is connected to the vacuum bottle (12) through a first pipeline (15). The vacuum bottle (12) is connected to the cooling pipe (3) through a second pipeline (16). The water pumping valve (13) is installed on the second pipeline (16). The vacuum pumping mechanism (1) is used to evacuate the interior of the cooling pipe (3) to a negative pressure state, including: Start the vacuum pump (11) to evacuate the vacuum bottle (12) until the vacuum bottle (12) reaches the first preset vacuum level; Maintain the operation of the vacuum pump (11) and keep the pressure inside the vacuum bottle (12) stable for a preset time; If the pressure inside the vacuum bottle (12) remains stable within the preset time period, it is determined that the airtightness of the vacuum bottle (12) meets the operational requirements. Adjust the pumping power of the vacuum pump (11) until the pressure inside the vacuum bottle (12) reaches the second preset vacuum level.

3. The method for one-way permeable cooling inside concrete according to claim 2, characterized in that, Before starting the vacuum pump (11), the following are also included: Detect the initial gas pressure inside the vacuum bottle (12); After confirming that the initial gas pressure is within the safe threshold range, connect the vacuum bottle (12) to the atmosphere and release the internal pressure of the vacuum bottle (12) to normal pressure; The vacuum pump (11) and the vacuum bottle (12) are connected by the first pipeline (15).

4. The method for one-way permeable cooling inside concrete according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cooling circulation mechanism (2) includes an inlet tank (21) and a return tank (22) and a circulation pipeline (23) connecting the inlet tank (21) and the return tank (22). The outlet of the inlet tank (21) is connected to the inlet of the cooling pipe (3) through a water supply pipeline (24) equipped with an inlet distributor (241). The inlet of the return tank (22) is connected to the outlet of the cooling pipe (3) through a return pipeline (25) equipped with a return distributor (251). The inlet tank (21) is equipped with a chiller (211) configured to cool the water in the tank. The return tank (22) is equipped with a filter assembly and a booster pump (222) configured to pump the water purified by the filter assembly to the inlet tank (21). The cooling circulation mechanism (2) is used to introduce cooling water into the cooling pipe (3), comprising: The cooling water cooled by the chiller (211) is pumped into the cooling pipe (3) at a preset flow rate through the water supply pipeline (24). The return water flowing out from the cooling pipe (3) is collected in the return water tank (22) through the return water pipeline (25), and after being purified by the filter assembly and cooled by the chiller (211), it is pumped back into the water supply pipeline (24) for recycling.

5. The method for one-way permeable cooling inside concrete according to claim 4, characterized in that, A cooling circulation mechanism (2) is used to introduce cooling water into the cooling pipe (3) to cool the concrete (4) internally, including: Obtain temperature monitoring points inside and on the surface of concrete (4), and deploy temperature sensors based on the temperature monitoring points; Based on the temperature sensor, the real-time temperature data of the temperature monitoring point is obtained, and the temperature distribution state inside the concrete (4) is determined according to the real-time temperature data. Based on the temperature distribution, high-temperature regions that require enhanced cooling and low-temperature regions that require suppressed cooling are identified. Adjust the opening degree of each branch valve on the water inlet distributor (241) according to the identification result; Specifically, the cooling water flow rate is increased for the cooling pipe (3) corresponding to the high temperature region, and the cooling water flow rate is decreased for the cooling pipe (3) corresponding to the low temperature region.

6. The method for one-way permeable cooling inside concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The cooling pipe (3) embedded in the concrete (4) is pressure grouted and sealed using cement grout that matches the strength grade of the concrete (4).

7. The method for one-way permeable cooling inside concrete according to claim 6, characterized in that, Multiple water-permeable holes (31) are evenly distributed on the top and bottom of the cooling pipe (3).

8. The method for one-way permeable cooling inside concrete according to claim 4, characterized in that, The filter assembly includes multiple filter screens (221) arranged sequentially in the vertical direction, with the mesh size of the multiple filter screens (221) decreasing from top to bottom.

9. The method for one-way permeable cooling inside concrete according to claim 6, characterized in that, The material of the one-way permeable membrane (32) is polyetherketone.

10. The method for one-way permeable cooling inside concrete according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the second pipe (16) is larger than the inner diameter of the first pipe (15).

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