Unmanned aerial vehicle battery replacement structure and quick charging station

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, and discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle battery replacement structure which comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle and a battery, the battery is arranged in a battery mounting box, locking pieces are symmetrically mounted at the two ends of the battery, and a quick charging station comprises the unmanned aerial vehicle, the battery and the locking piece in any one of the claims and further comprises a platform. A stopping mechanism, a battery replacing mechanism and a charging mechanism are arranged on the platform, the stopping mechanism positions and fixes the unmanned aerial vehicle, the battery replacing mechanism comprises a transverse moving mechanism, a position changing mechanism and a clamping mechanism, the transverse moving mechanism drives the position changing mechanism to move front and back, the position changing mechanism unlocks a battery, and the clamping mechanism clamps the battery and is driven by the position changing mechanism to move back and forth. According to the logistics unmanned aerial vehicle battery replacement device, through the battery replacement structure and the rapid charging station which are integrally designed, full-process automation of automatic positioning, unlocking, replacement and batch charging of the logistics unmanned aerial vehicle battery is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drone technology, specifically a drone battery replacement structure and a fast charging station. Background Technology

[0002] As a type of aircraft that does not require human piloting, drones have been widely used in various fields such as logistics and distribution, aerial photography and mapping, and power line inspection due to their advantages of flexibility, ease of operation, and wide coverage. Among them, the drone battery mounting structure is one of the core components that ensures its stable operation. Traditional structures mostly use direct snap-fit ​​and bolt fixing methods to achieve power transmission through the docking of the battery with the fuselage battery compartment. However, their design often focuses on a single fixed function and lacks a structure adapted to automated replenishment scenarios. This makes it impossible for existing drone battery mounting structures to achieve automatic battery replacement, and there is also a lack of charging stations that can realize automatic battery swapping for drones.

[0003] In the logistics and delivery sector, the large-scale application of logistics drones has greatly improved last-mile delivery efficiency, especially suitable for scenarios such as remote areas and emergency material transportation. However, limited battery life remains a key bottleneck restricting their continuous operation, and numerous problems in charging and battery swapping further exacerbate this predicament: on the one hand, traditional battery swapping relies on manual operation, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also difficult to achieve all-weather, high-frequency replenishment in complex environments such as outdoors and at night; on the other hand, the existing drone battery installation structure has poor compatibility with automatic charging stations, resulting in problems such as inaccurate positioning, difficulty in unlocking, and unstable battery clamping, leading to low success rates and cumbersome processes for automatic battery swapping; at the same time, the poor connection between bulk battery storage and charging cannot meet the replenishment needs of large-scale logistics drone operations, seriously affecting delivery efficiency and operational continuity.

[0004] There is an urgent need for a battery replacement structure and fast charging station adapted to automatic replenishment scenarios to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned difficulties and provide a drone battery replacement structure and a fast charging station.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is: a drone battery replacement structure, including a drone and a battery, wherein the rear end of the drone is provided with a battery compartment for accommodating the battery; A battery mounting box is installed inside the battery compartment, and the battery is placed inside the battery mounting box. The inner side of the battery mounting box is symmetrically provided with inner side plates. The inner side plates are provided with guide grooves. The guide grooves are provided with sliding grooves. A pusher is slidably provided at the sliding grooves. A spring is provided at the rear end of the pusher and connected to the inner side plates. The battery has a control box and a panel at its outer end. Locking components are symmetrically installed at both ends of the battery. The locking components include a fixed slot and a top platform. The fixed slot has a protective tube at its end, which is located in the through hole of the control box and the panel. A push block is slidably installed inside the protective tube. A limit insert is installed at the through hole at the bottom of the fixed slot, which is driven to rise and fall by the push block. The limit insert cooperates with the guide slot for limiting. The top platform abuts against the push platform.

[0007] As an improvement: the inner end of the push block is provided with a connecting rod, the fixed slot is provided with a baffle, one end of the connecting rod passes through the through hole on the baffle and is provided with a ramp, a second spring is provided between the push block and the baffle, the top of the limiting insertion platform is provided with a movable slot, the movable slot is slidably disposed in the fixed slot, the inner side of the movable slot is provided with a ramp that slides with the ramp, and a third spring is provided between the top of the movable slot and the fixed slot.

[0008] As an improvement: the elastic coefficient of spring one is greater than that of spring two. When the battery is installed in the battery mounting box, the limiting insertion platform contacts the end face of the guide groove, the control box contacts the inner side plate, and the outer end face of the protective tube and the push block is flush with the panel.

[0009] A fast charging station includes the drone battery replacement structure described in any of the above claims, and also includes a platform with a parking mechanism, a battery swapping mechanism and a charging mechanism on the platform. The parking mechanism includes a parking platform, a moving frame, and a positioning push plate. The parking platform is symmetrically equipped with guide rails for placing the landing gear at the bottom of the drone. The moving frame is slidably located at the bottom of the parking platform. The positioning push plate is located on the moving frame and pushes the landing gear to slide within the guide rails, so that the battery compartment is close to the battery swapping mechanism. The battery swapping mechanism includes a lateral movement mechanism, a repositioning mechanism, and a clamping mechanism. The lateral movement mechanism drives the repositioning mechanism to move back and forth. The repositioning mechanism unlocks the battery. The clamping mechanism clamps the battery and, driven by the repositioning mechanism, changes the battery from a horizontal position to a vertical position. The charging mechanism includes a charging box, a guide frame, and an electric push rod. The electric push rod drives the charging box to move up and down within the guide frame. The charging box has multiple charging compartments that can hold batteries. The charging box moves up and down to insert vertically positioned batteries into the charging compartments.

[0010] As an improvement: the movable frame is slidably mounted on the bottom of the landing platform. The movable frame includes two connected beams with sliding rods on them. A crossbeam is provided between the two positioning push plates. Wing plates are provided at the bottom of both ends of the crossbeam. The sliding rods pass through through holes on the wing plates, and springs are provided between the wing plates and the beams. A blocking platform is provided on the landing platform to restrict the position of the landing gear.

[0011] As an improvement: a pressure plate is rotatably provided on the parking platform, which presses the landing gear into the guide rail frame. A torsion spring is provided at the rotatable part of the pressure plate and the parking platform. An arc plate is connected to the bottom of the pressure plate. A fixing rod is provided on the beam frame. A roller is rotatably provided at the end of the fixing rod. A transmission inclined plate that cooperates with the roller is provided on the arc plate.

[0012] As an improvement: the lateral movement mechanism includes two fixed beams and a movable beam. The movable beam is slidably disposed between the two fixed beams. The displacement mechanism includes a motor and a rotating shaft. The motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate on the movable beam. A balance plate is provided on the rotating shaft. A stop post is provided at the front end of the balance plate and a counterweight is provided at the rear end. The stop post cooperates with the locking component. The stop plate is used to unlock the locking component. A clamping mechanism is provided at the front end of the balance plate.

[0013] As an improvement: the clamping mechanism includes a double-headed cylinder, the output end of the double-headed cylinder is provided with a moving platform, the front side of the moving platform is provided with an L-shaped clamping plate, the rear side of the L-shaped clamping plate is provided with a connecting platform, the rear side of the connecting platform is provided with a guide rod, the guide rod is slidably engaged with a through hole on the moving platform, and a spring is provided between the moving platform and the connecting platform.

[0014] The advantages of this invention compared to existing technologies are as follows: This invention, through its integrated battery replacement structure and fast charging station, achieves fully automated processes for automatic battery positioning, unlocking, replacement, and batch charging of logistics drones. It effectively solves the pain points of inaccurate positioning, cumbersome operation, and poor connection in traditional battery swapping methods, significantly improving battery replacement efficiency and charging capacity, ensuring the stability of the installed battery and the reliability of electrical connections, and significantly shortening drone operation downtime. This provides key technical support for the large-scale, efficient, and continuous operation of logistics drones, and reduces the cost of manual intervention and operational risks. Specifically: The battery replacement structure is highly adaptable and easy to operate. Through the precise cooperation of the guide groove and locking components, combined with the multi-stage spring transmission design, the battery can be quickly installed and automatically ejected without the need for additional tools. At the same time, the bidirectional limiting structure and the optimized elastic coefficient design ensure that there is no risk of loosening or detachment after the battery is installed, balancing installation stability and unlocking smoothness, and meeting the stringent requirements of high-altitude drone operations. The fast charging station integrates three major functions: parking and positioning, automatic battery swapping, and batch charging. The parking mechanism achieves precise positioning and stable fixation of the drone through the linkage of the guide rail frame and the pressure plate. The battery swapping mechanism completes the battery attitude switching and precise transfer by relying on the coordinated actions of lateral movement, displacement and clamping. The charging mechanism can accommodate and charge multiple batteries in batches. The linkage of each mechanism is smooth, realizing the seamless connection between battery swapping and charging. The fully automated design significantly reduces labor costs. After the drone lands, battery replacement and charging of old batteries can be completed without human intervention, significantly shortening downtime and improving continuous operation efficiency. At the same time, the integrated design of the heat sink and battery mounting box ensures effective battery heat dissipation, and the compatible structure of the locking mechanism and charging compartment ensures charging stability, extending battery life and equipment reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the UAV of this invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the battery mounting box of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the battery structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the locking component of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the locking component of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the stopping mechanism of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the stop platform of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the movable frame, positioning push plate, and pressure plate of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0025] Figure 11 This is an exploded view of the movable frame, positioning push plate, and pressure plate of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the movable frame, positioning push plate, and pressure plate of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0027] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the battery swapping mechanism of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 14 This is an exploded view of the transverse movement mechanism of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the displacement mechanism and clamping mechanism of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 17 This is an exploded view of the charging mechanism of the present invention.

[0032] As shown in the figure: 1. Drone; 2. Battery mounting box; 3. Battery; 4. Platform; 5. Parking mechanism; 6. Battery swapping mechanism; 7. Charging mechanism; 11. Battery compartment; 12. Landing gear; 21. Inner side plate; 22. Guide groove; 23. Slide groove; 24. Push platform; 25. Spring 1; 26. Contact 1; 27. Plug; 28. Heat sink; 31. Contact 2; 32. Control box; 33. Panel; 34. Locking device; 35. Fixed slot platform; 351, protective pipe; 352, baffle; 36, top platform; 37, push block; 371, connecting rod; 372, inclined platform; 373, spring two; 38, limit insertion platform; 381, movable slot platform; 382, ​​spring three; 383, inclined slot; 51, stop platform; 511, guide rail frame; 512, clearance slot; 513, blocking platform; 514, motor one; 515, threaded rod one; 52, moving frame; 521, beam frame; 5 22. Slide rod; 523. Spring 4; 524. Fixed rod; 525. Roller; 53. Positioning push plate; 531. Crossbeam; 532. Wing plate; 533. Support plate; 54. Pressure plate; 541. Arc plate; 542. Transmission inclined plate; 543. Torsion spring; 61. Lateral movement mechanism; 611. Fixed beam; 612. Motor 2; 613. Threaded rod 2; 614. Movable beam; 615. Limiting platform; 62. Positioning mechanism; 62 1. Motor 3; 622. Sprocket 1; 623. Shaft; 624. Sprocket 2; 625. Balance plate; 626. Counterweight; 627. Support column; 628. Support plate; 63. Clamping mechanism; 631. Double-headed cylinder; 632. Moving table; 633. L-shaped clamping plate; 634. Connecting table; 635. Guide rod; 636. Spring 5; 71. Charging box; 711. Charging compartment; 72. Guide frame; 73. Electric push rod. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Combined with appendix Figure 1 Appendix Figure 3 and attached Figure 4 As shown, a drone battery replacement structure includes a drone 1 and a battery 3. The rear end of the drone 1 is provided with a battery compartment 11 to accommodate the battery 3. A battery mounting box 2 is installed inside the battery compartment 11. The battery 3 is located inside the battery mounting box 2. The battery mounting box 2 is provided with a first contact 26. The end of the battery 3 is provided with a second contact 31 that is electrically connected to the first contact 26. The outside of the battery mounting box 2 is provided with a plug 27 that is electrically connected to the first contact 26. The plug 27 is connected to the internal wires of the drone 1. The battery mounting box 2 is provided with a heat dissipation plate 28 adapted to the heat dissipation structure of the drone 1 battery. The inner side plate 21 is symmetrically provided on the inner side plate 21. The inner side plate 21 is provided with a guide groove 22. The guide groove 22 is provided with a sliding groove 23. A pusher 24 is slidably provided at the sliding groove 23. The rear end of the pusher 24 is provided with a spring 25 that is connected to the inner side plate 21.

[0035] Combined with appendix Figure 3 Appendix Figure 5 and attached Figure 6 As shown, the battery 3 has a control box 32 and a panel 33 at its outer end. Locking components 34 are symmetrically installed at both ends of the battery 3. The locking components 34 include a fixed slot 35 and a top platform 36. The fixed slot 35 has a protective tube 351 at its end. The protective tube 351 is located in the through hole of the control box 32 and the panel 33. A push block 37 is slidably installed in the protective tube 351. A limiting insert 38 driven by the push block 37 is provided at the through hole at the bottom of the fixed slot 35. The limiting insert 38 is limited and cooperates with the slide 23. The top platform 36 abuts against the push platform 24.

[0036] This drone battery replacement structure primarily addresses the problems of inconvenient automatic battery replacement, low installation and positioning accuracy, and poor compatibility with automatic battery replacement systems at charging stations in existing drones. It also avoids the potential for the battery to loosen or detach after installation, which could affect the normal flight of the drone. Through an integrated design for installation, locking, conductivity, and heat dissipation, it achieves a battery replacement solution compatible with automatic battery replacement systems at charging stations, ensuring the stability and safety of the battery after installation.

[0037] The battery mounting box 2 serves as the connection carrier between the battery 3 and the drone 1, enabling precise installation of the battery 3 while also facilitating electrical connection and heat dissipation. The pusher 24 provides power for the ejection of the battery 3 via a spring 25. The locking components 34 at both ends of the battery 3 cooperate with the slide groove 23 to limit and fix the battery 3. When installing the battery 3, the battery 3 is aligned with the guide groove 22 of the battery mounting box 2 and pushed in. The top platform 36 of the locking components 34 at both ends of the battery 3 will abut against the pusher 24, pushing the pusher 24 to slide backward along the slide groove 23 and compressing the spring 25. At the same time, when the battery 3 is pushed in, the push block 37 in the fixing groove 35 of the locking component 34 contacts the inclined surface of the limiting insertion platform 38 with the inner side plate 21 and pushes the limiting insertion platform 38 upward. After the battery 3 is fully pushed into the designated position, the limiting insertion platform 38 automatically falls into the slide groove 23. The limiting insertion platform 38 and the slide groove 23 achieve limiting cooperation, firmly locking the battery 3 in the battery mounting box 2.

[0038] At this time, the second contact 31 at the end of the battery 3 connects with the first contact 26 inside the battery mounting box 2 to achieve electrical connection. Then, it connects to the internal wires of the drone 1 through the plug 27 on the outside of the battery mounting box 2, thereby conducting the electrical energy of the battery 3 to the drone 1 to power the drone 1. The heat sink 28 inside the battery mounting box 2 is adapted to the heat dissipation structure of the drone 1 battery, and can quickly conduct the heat generated by the battery 3 during operation to the heat dissipation system of the drone 1.

[0039] When it is necessary to replace battery 3, press the push block 37 in the inner protective tube 351 at the outer end of battery 3. The push block 37 drives the limiting insertion platform 38 into the fixed slot 35, releasing the limiting engagement between the limiting insertion platform 38 and the slide 23. At this time, the compressed spring 25 returns to its original position, pushing the push platform 24 to slide forward. The push platform 24 drives the top platform 36 of the locking member 34 to move forward, thereby popping battery 3 out of battery mounting box 2. Then, take out the old battery 3 and push the new battery 3 into battery mounting box 2 according to the above installation steps to complete the quick replacement of battery 3. The whole process does not require any additional tools, is easy to operate, and can ensure the stability of battery 3 after installation and the reliability of electrical connection.

[0040] Combined with appendix Figure 6 and attached Figure 7 As shown, the inner end of the push block 37 is provided with a connecting rod 371, the fixed slot platform 35 is provided with a baffle 352, one end of the connecting rod 371 passes through the through hole on the baffle 352 and is provided with a ramp 372, a second spring 373 is provided between the push block 37 and the baffle 352, the top of the limiting insertion platform 38 is provided with a movable slot platform 381, the movable slot platform 381 is slidably disposed in the fixed slot platform 35, the inner side of the movable slot platform 381 is provided with a ramp 383 that slides with the ramp 372, and a third spring 382 is provided between the top of the movable slot platform 381 and the fixed slot platform 35.

[0041] When battery 3 is pushed into battery mounting box 2, top platform 36 abuts against push platform 24, pushing push platform 24 to slide backward and compressing spring 1 25. After the inclined surface of limit insert 38 contacts inner side plate 21, limit insert 38 is pushed to rise. Movable slot platform 381 rises in fixed slot platform 35 and compresses spring 382. When limit insert 38 moves forward above slide groove 23, spring 382 pushes movable slot platform 381 and drives limit insert 38 to fall. At this time, the installation of battery 3 is completed. Limit insert 38 and slide groove 23 limit each other to prevent battery 3 from being ejected.

[0042] When it is necessary to replace battery 3, press the push block 37 inside the protective tube 351. The push block 37 moves inward against the elastic force of spring 373, which drives the connecting rod 371 and the inclined platform 372 to slide inward synchronously. The inclined platform 372, through the sliding cooperation with the inclined groove 383, pushes the movable groove platform 381 upward again and compresses the spring 382. The limiting insertion platform 38 rises synchronously with the movable groove platform 381, releasing the limiting cooperation with the slide groove 23. At this time, the push platform 24 pushes the top platform 36 under the reset action of spring 25, which drives the locking part 34 and battery 3 to move outward, completing the unlocking and the automatic ejection of battery 3.

[0043] Combined with appendix Figure 5 and attached Figure 7As shown, the elastic coefficient of spring 25 is greater than that of spring 373. When the battery 3 is installed in the battery mounting box 2, the limiting insertion platform 38 contacts the end face of the slide groove 23 for limiting, the control box 32 contacts the inner side plate 21, and the outer end face of the protective tube 351 and the push block 37 is flush with the panel 33.

[0044] To ensure that the battery 3 can pop out smoothly after the push block 37 is pressed, the elastic coefficients of spring 1 25 and spring 2 373 need to be designed and selected. After the push block 37 is pressed to the bottom, the limiting insertion platform 38 is in the fixed slot platform 35. At this time, the force analysis of the top platform 36 shows that the pressure applied to the push block 37 is transmitted through spring 2 373, baffle 352 and fixed slot platform 35, and finally receives an inward pushing force. Spring 1 25 applies an outward pushing force to the top platform 36 through the push platform 24. Under the external force, the two start to maintain balance or the inward pushing force is greater than the outward pushing force. When the external force decreases (the pressure on the push block 37 is slowly released), the inward pushing force gradually begins to be less than the outward pushing force. At this time, the push platform 24 pushes the top platform 36 and thus makes the battery 3 pop out.

[0045] During the ejection of battery 3, under the combined action of inward and outward pushing forces, the inclined platform 372 remains in the movable slot platform 381, keeping spring 382 in a compressed state (spring 382 has a small elastic coefficient). This ensures that the limiting insertion platform 38 remains within the fixed slot platform 35 during the ejection of battery 3, preventing the ejection of battery 3 from being obstructed. When battery 3 has ejected about halfway, the push platform 24 reaches its maximum stroke. At this time, the rear half of battery 3 is still in the battery mounting box 2 and can be manually removed.

[0046] For the aesthetics of the battery 3 after installation, the outer end faces of the protective tube 351 and the push block 37 are flush with the panel 33, and the panel 33 is flush with the rear end of the drone 1 to avoid protrusion. In order to reduce the shaking amplitude of the battery 3 after installation, the battery 3 is installed in place after the control box 32 contacts the inner side plate 21. At this time, the internal limiting insert 38 falls into the slide groove 23 and contacts the end face of the slide groove 23 to form a bidirectional limiting.

[0047] Combined with appendix Figure 1 Appendix Figure 2 Appendix Figure 8 Appendix Figure 9 Appendix Figure 13 and attached Figure 17 As shown, a fast charging station includes a platform 4, on which a stopping mechanism 5, a battery swapping mechanism 6 and a charging mechanism 7 are provided; The parking mechanism 5 includes a parking platform 51, a moving frame 52, and a positioning push plate 53. The parking platform 51 is symmetrically provided with a guide rail frame 511 for placing the landing gear 12 at the bottom of the UAV 1. The moving frame 52 is slidably disposed at the bottom of the parking platform 51. The positioning push plate 53 is disposed on the moving frame 52 and pushes the landing gear 12 to slide within the guide rail frame 511, so that the battery compartment 11 is close to the battery swapping mechanism 6. The battery swapping mechanism 6 includes a horizontal movement mechanism 61, a position changing mechanism 62, and a clamping mechanism 63. The horizontal movement mechanism 61 drives the position changing mechanism 62 to move back and forth. The position changing mechanism 62 unlocks the battery 3. The clamping mechanism 63 clamps the battery 3 and, driven by the position changing mechanism 62, the battery 3 changes from a horizontal position to a vertical position. The charging mechanism 7 includes a charging box 71, a guide frame 72, and an electric push rod 73. The electric push rod 73 drives the charging box 71 to move up and down within the guide frame 72. The charging box 71 is provided with multiple charging compartments 711 that can accommodate batteries 3. The charging box 71 moves up and down to insert the vertically positioned batteries 3 into the charging compartments 711.

[0048] This fast charging station primarily addresses the problems of cumbersome battery swapping processes for existing drones (1, 3), inaccurate drone docking and positioning, and poor coordination between battery swapping and charging. These issues lead to excessive downtime for drone operations and prevent the replenishment of batteries (3) in batches. It also avoids the risks of unstable battery (3) clamping and unsmooth attitude switching during battery swapping, as well as the impact of battery (3) positioning deviations on charging stability. By integrating three main functions—stop positioning, automatic battery swapping, and batch charging—it enables rapid replacement and replenishment of batteries (3) for drones (1), shortening drone (1) operation intervals, improving continuous operation efficiency, reducing manual labor intensity, and meeting the needs of large-scale, high-efficiency drone (1) operations.

[0049] The parking mechanism 5, battery swapping mechanism 6, and charging mechanism 7 integrated on platform 4 work together to complete the fully automated operation of the entire process from docking and positioning of drone 1 to battery 3 replacement and charging of old battery 3. When drone 1 needs to replace battery 3, it first docks on the parking platform 51 of parking mechanism 5. The guide rail frame 511 symmetrically arranged on the parking platform 51 is adapted to the width of the landing gear 12 at the bottom of drone 1, which plays a preliminary limiting and guiding role for drone 1. Then, the moving frame 52 drives the positioning push plate 53 on it to slide at the bottom of the parking platform 51. The positioning push plate 53 pushes the landing gear 12 of drone 1 to slide smoothly along the guide rail frame 511 until the battery compartment 11 at the rear of drone 1 is precisely close to the battery swapping mechanism 6, completing the docking and positioning of drone 1 and ensuring that the battery swapping mechanism 6 can accurately dock with battery 3.

[0050] After positioning is completed, the battery swapping mechanism 6 starts working. The lateral movement mechanism 61 drives the positioning mechanism 62 and the clamping mechanism 63 to move back and forth, so that the clamping mechanism 63 is precisely aligned with the battery 3 in the battery compartment 11 of the drone 1. The positioning mechanism 62 first unlocks the battery 3, releasing the locking engagement between the battery 3 and the battery mounting box 2. Then the clamping mechanism 63 clamps the battery 3. The lateral movement mechanism 61 drives the positioning mechanism 62, the clamping mechanism 63 and the clamped battery 3 to move synchronously into the platform 4, removing the battery 3 from the battery compartment 11 of the drone 1. At this time, the positioning mechanism 62 starts, driving the clamping mechanism 63 and the battery 3 to switch their attitudes, rotating the originally horizontally placed battery 3 to a vertical position, preparing for the subsequent insertion of the battery 3 into the charging compartment 711.

[0051] After the battery swapping mechanism 6 completes the removal and attitude switching of the battery 3, the lateral movement mechanism 61 moves again, aligning the vertically positioned battery 3 held by the clamping mechanism 63 with one of the empty charging compartments 711 on the charging box 71. Then, the charging mechanism 7 starts, and the electric push rod 73 drives the charging box 71 to move smoothly upward along the guide frame 72, accurately inserting the vertically positioned old battery 3 into the charging compartment 711. The clamping mechanism 63 releases the battery 3 and releases the clamp, completing the transfer of the old battery 3. Afterward, the clamping mechanism 63 can clamp the fully charged battery 3 in the charging compartment 711 as needed, repeating the above reverse operation, and after attitude switching and positioning docking, the fully charged battery 3 is installed into the battery compartment 11 of the drone 1, completing the replacement of the battery 3 of the drone 1.

[0052] Multiple charging compartments 711 on the charging box 71 can accommodate and charge multiple old batteries 3 in batches. The electric push rod 73 drives the charging box 71 to move up and down, so that empty charging compartments 711 can be aligned with the battery swapping mechanism 6 to receive old batteries 3, or fully charged batteries 3 can be aligned with the battery swapping mechanism 6 for removal. This achieves orderly connection between battery swapping and charging operations. The whole process does not require manual intervention. The actions of each mechanism are precisely linked, which not only ensures the accuracy of the drone 1's docking and positioning and the convenience of battery 3 replacement, but also realizes the batch charging and replenishment of old batteries 3, which greatly improves the operating efficiency of the drone 1 and the replenishment capacity of the charging station.

[0053] Combined with appendix Figure 8 Appendix Figure 9 Appendix Figure 10 and attached Figure 11As shown, the moving frame 52 includes two connected beams 521. A motor 514 is provided at the bottom of the landing platform 51. A threaded rod 515 is provided at the output end of the motor 514. The threaded rod 515 is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the landing platform 51. A threaded hole is provided on the beam 521 to cooperate with the threaded rod 515. A sliding rod 522 is provided on the beam 521. A crossbeam 531 is provided between the two positioning push plates 53. A support plate 533 supporting one end of the landing gear 12 is provided on one side of the crossbeam 531. Wing plates 532 are provided at the bottom of both ends of the crossbeam 531. The sliding rod 522 passes through the through hole on the wing plate 532. A spring 523 is provided between the wing plate 532 and the beam 521. A blocking platform 513 is provided on the landing platform 51 to limit the position of the landing gear 12.

[0054] When the UAV 1 docks at the parking platform 51, the landing gear 12 at the bottom of the UAV 1 will land on the guide rail 511. Since the guide rail 511 has a V-shaped groove design, after the landing gear 12 lands on the guide rail 511, the landing gear 12 will automatically fall to the bottom of the guide rail 511. At this time, the initial positioning of the UAV 1 is achieved. The support plate 533 on one side of the crossbeam 531 has the same shape as the groove at the bottom of the guide rail 511. When the landing gear 12 falls, part of it lands on the support plate 533. Then, the motor 514 drives the threaded rod 515 to rotate, which drives the beam 521 and the slide bar 522 to move synchronously towards the battery swapping mechanism 6. The slide bar 522 drives the positioning push plate 53, the crossbeam 531 and the support plate 533 to move together. The positioning push plate 53 will push the landing gear 12 to slide smoothly along the guide rail 511 until one end of the landing gear 12 touches the blocking platform 513 and stops, completing the positioning of the UAV 1.

[0055] During the push, spring 4 523 can flexibly extend and retract according to the force on the landing gear 12, buffering the impact force during the push and ensuring that the landing gear 12 moves smoothly, avoiding excessive pushing and damage to the UAV 1 or the landing gear 12 structure, until the landing gear 12 is pushed to the designated position, so that the battery compartment 11 at the rear of the UAV 1 is precisely close to the battery swapping mechanism 6. At this time, motor 1 514 stops working, and the moving frame 52 and the positioning push plate 53 remain stationary, completing the positioning and pushing of the UAV. After the battery swap is completed, motor 1 514 starts in reverse, threaded rod 1 515 rotates in reverse, driving the beam frame 521 and the positioning push plate 53 to move and reset in reverse. Spring 4 523 resets synchronously, and the support plate 533 disengages from the landing gear 12. At this time, the UAV can smoothly leave the parking platform 51.

[0056] Combined with appendix Figure 11 and attached Figure 12As shown, a pressure plate 54 is rotatably mounted on the parking platform 51, and a clearance groove 512 is provided at the pressure plate 54 on the guide rail frame 511. The pressure plate 54 presses the landing gear 12 into the guide rail frame 511. A torsion spring 543 is provided at the rotatable part of the pressure plate 54 and the parking platform 51. An arc plate 541 is connected to the bottom of the pressure plate 54. A fixing rod 524 is provided on the beam frame 521. A roller 525 is rotatably mounted at the end of the fixing rod 524. A transmission inclined plate 542 that cooperates with the roller 525 is provided on the arc plate 541.

[0057] The pressure plate 54 automatically presses and releases the landing gear 12, ensuring the stability of the UAV 1 during docking and battery swapping, and preventing the UAV 1 from shaking or shifting during battery swapping. After the UAV 1 is pushed into place by the positioning push plate 53, the moving frame 52 continues to move, compressing the spring 523. The fixed rod 524 and roller 525 on the moving frame 52 move synchronously, approaching the transmission ramp 542. When the roller 525 contacts the transmission ramp 542, the roller 525 slides along the transmission ramp 542 and generates a pushing force on the transmission ramp 542. The transmission ramp 542 then drives the arc plate 541 to swing upward, thereby driving the pressure plate 54 to rotate. The torsion spring 543 is compressed, and the pressure plate 54 gradually approaches the landing gear 12 and passes through the clearance groove 512 to press the landing gear 12 firmly against the landing gear 12. In the process of fixing the landing gear 12, when the battery is replaced and the moving frame 52 moves in the reverse direction to reset, the fixing rod 524 drives the roller 525 to move in the reverse direction. The roller 525 moves away from the transmission ramp 542, and the torsion spring 543 releases its elastic force to reset, driving the pressure plate 54 to rotate until the moving frame 52 is fully reset. At this time, the pressure plate 54 is not above the landing gear 12, and the UAV 1 can smoothly leave the parking platform 51. The entire working process does not require manual intervention. The landing gear 12 is automatically pressed by the elastic force of the torsion spring 543. With the help of the movement of the moving frame 52, the roller 525 and the transmission ramp 542 are coordinated to realize the automatic release of the pressure plate 54. The linkage action is precise and smooth, which not only ensures the smoothness of the UAV 1 positioning and pushing process, but also ensures the stability of the UAV 1 when parking and leaving.

[0058] Combined with appendix Figure 13 and attached Figure 14 As shown, the transverse mechanism 61 includes two fixed beams 611 and a movable beam 614. The movable beam 614 is slidably disposed between the two fixed beams 611. A second motor 612 is provided at the end of the fixed beam 611. A second threaded rod 613 is provided at the output end of the second motor 612. The second threaded rod 613 is rotatably disposed inside the fixed beam 611. The movable beam 614 is provided with a threaded hole that mates with the second threaded rod 613.

[0059] Combined with appendix Figure 14 and attached Figure 15As shown, the displacement mechanism 62 includes a motor 621 and a rotating shaft 623. The motor 621 is mounted on the movable beam 614, and the rotating shaft 623 is rotatably mounted on the movable beam 614. The output end of the motor 621 is provided with a sprocket 622. The rotating shaft 623 is provided with a sprocket 624 that cooperates with the sprocket 622 through chain transmission. The rotating shaft 623 is provided with a balance plate 625. The front end of the balance plate 625 is provided with a stop post 627 and a stop plate 628, and the rear end is provided with a counterweight 626. The movable beam 614 is provided with a limiting platform 615 that cooperates with the counterweight 626 for limiting. The stop post 627 cooperates with the locking member 34 and is used to unlock the locking member 34. The clamping mechanism 63 is located at the front end of the balance plate 625.

[0060] The lateral movement mechanism 61 serves as the moving carrier of the battery swapping mechanism 6, mainly enabling the precise forward and backward movement of the positioning mechanism 62, the clamping mechanism 63, and the battery 3. The positioning mechanism 62 is used to drive the clamping mechanism 63 and the battery 3 to complete the attitude switching between horizontal and vertical positions. The two work together to provide precise power and attitude adaptation for the removal, transfer, and installation of the battery 3, ensuring a smooth and efficient battery swapping process.

[0061] When the displacement mechanism 62 needs to be moved closer to the drone battery compartment 11 to draw power, the second motor 612 starts and drives the second threaded rod 613 to rotate. The second threaded rod 613, through its engagement with the threaded hole on the movable beam 614, drives the movable beam 614 to move smoothly along the fixed beam 611 towards the drone 1. This, in turn, drives the displacement mechanism 62 and the clamping mechanism 63 mounted on the movable beam 614 to move synchronously until the displacement mechanism 62 unlocks the locking part 34 and the clamping mechanism 63 aligns and clamps the battery 3. After the battery 3 is clamped and removed and the attitude switch is completed, the second motor 612 starts and drives the second threaded rod 613 to rotate, driving the movable beam 614 to move laterally and align the battery 3 with the corresponding position in the charging compartment 711, so as to facilitate the transfer of the battery with the charging mechanism 7.

[0062] When the lateral movement mechanism 61 drives the position change mechanism 62 to approach the battery 3, the abutment 627 engages with the locking component 34. The abutment 627 unlocks the locking component 34 by pushing the push block 37. After the abutment 627 reaches the unlocked position, the abutment plate 628 contacts the battery 3 to prevent the abutment 627 from being pushed too far. Then, the clamping mechanism 63 clamps the ejected battery 3. After the position change mechanism 62 and the clamping mechanism 63 return to the inside of the platform 4, the motor 3 621 starts, driving the sprocket 1 622 to rotate. Sprocket 1 622 drives sprocket 2 624 and shaft 623 to rotate synchronously via chain. Shaft 623 drives balance plate 625 to swing around shaft 623. The clamping mechanism 63 at the front end of balance plate 625 and battery 3 swing together. Counterweight 626 swings synchronously in the opposite direction to play a balancing and stabilizing role until battery 3 swings from the horizontal position (consistent with the installation posture in the UAV battery compartment 11) to the vertical position (consistent with the installation posture in the charging compartment 711), at which point motor 3 621 stops working.

[0063] When the fully charged battery 3 in the charging compartment 711 needs to be installed into the drone, motor 3 621 starts in reverse, driving the rotating shaft 623 and the balance plate 625 to swing in the opposite direction, switching the vertical battery 3 back to the horizontal position. Then, the horizontal movement mechanism 61 drives the displacement mechanism 62, the clamping mechanism 63 and the battery 3 to approach the drone battery compartment 11 to complete the installation of the battery 3. During this process, the limiting platform 615 limits the counterweight block 626 to keep the balance plate 625 stable, ensuring that the battery 3 remains horizontal during the transportation process, so that the battery 3 can be accurately inserted into the battery installation box 2 later.

[0064] Combined with appendix Figure 15 and attached Figure 16 As shown, the clamping mechanism 63 includes a double-headed cylinder 631, which is fixed to the inner side of the front end of the balance plate 625. The output end of the double-headed cylinder 631 is provided with a moving platform 632. An L-shaped clamping plate 633 is provided on the front side of the moving platform 632, and a connecting platform 634 is provided on the rear side of the L-shaped clamping plate 633. A guide rod 635 is provided on the rear side of the connecting platform 634. The guide rod 635 slides with a through hole on the moving platform 632. A spring 636 is provided between the moving platform 632 and the connecting platform 634.

[0065] When the old battery 3 needs to be removed, the lateral movement mechanism 61 drives the displacement mechanism 62 and the clamping mechanism 63 to approach the battery 3, keeping the L-shaped clamping plate 633 in the open state (not in contact with the panel 33 of the battery 3). The abutment 627 of the displacement mechanism 62 approaches and pushes the push block 37 to unlock the locking member 34. Then the displacement mechanism 62 moves backward until the abutment 627 no longer exerts a pushing force on the push block 37 (maintaining a certain distance between the two). The battery 3 pops out. Then the clamping mechanism 63 starts working. The double-headed cylinder 631 drives the two moving platforms 632 to move synchronously relative to each other. The moving platforms 632 drive the connecting platform 634 and the L-shaped clamping plate 633 to move towards the battery 3 through the guide rod 635 until the inner clamping surfaces of the two L-shaped clamping plates 633 are in contact with the outer wall of the battery 3, thus completing the clamping of the battery 3.

[0066] The clamping mechanism 63 maintains the clamping state and, in conjunction with the displacement mechanism 62, completes the attitude switch of the battery 3 from a horizontal position to a vertical position. Then, the horizontal movement mechanism 61 drives the entire structure to move, transferring the battery 3 to the position above the charging compartment 711 of the charging mechanism 7. After the battery 3 is partially inserted into the charging compartment 711, the dual-head cylinder 631 drives the two moving stages 632 to separate in opposite directions, causing the two L-shaped clamping plates 633 to move away from the battery 3, releasing the clamping of the battery 3. The spring 636 simultaneously resets, and the L-shaped clamping plates 633 return to their initial positions. Then, the charging compartment 711 descends, and the dual-head cylinder 631 again drives the two moving stages 632 to move synchronously relative to each other, bringing the L-shaped clamping plates 633 closer together. Then, the charging compartment 711 rises again, and the front end of the L-shaped clamping plates 633 pushes the battery 3 completely into the charging compartment 711. The spring 636 provides flexible buffering for the L-shaped clamping plates 633, preventing excessive pushing from damaging the battery 3 or the charging compartment 711.

[0067] The internal structure of the charging compartment 711 is the same as that of the battery mounting box 2, and it has a locking structure that cooperates with the locking component 34. When the battery 3 is removed from the charging compartment 711, the displacement mechanism 62 still needs to be unlocked. The unlocking principle is the same as that of unlocking the battery 3 from the battery mounting box 2, but the vertical movement of the charging compartment 711 replaces the horizontal movement of the displacement mechanism 62. When the battery 3 is installed into the battery mounting box 2 of the drone 1, the installation principle is the same as that of installing the battery 3 into the charging compartment 711, but the horizontal movement of the displacement mechanism 62 replaces the vertical movement of the charging compartment 711.

[0068] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery replacement structure for a drone, comprising a drone (1) and a battery (3), wherein the rear end of the drone (1) is provided with a battery compartment (11) for accommodating the battery (3), characterized in that: A battery mounting box (2) is installed inside the battery compartment (11). The battery (3) is located inside the battery mounting box (2). The battery mounting box (2) has symmetrical inner side plates (21) on its inner side. A guide groove (22) is provided on the inner side plate (21). A sliding groove (23) is provided in the guide groove (22). A pusher (24) is slidably provided at the sliding groove (23). A spring (25) connected to the inner side plate (21) is provided at the rear end of the pusher (24). The battery (3) has a control box (32) and a panel (33) at its outer end. Locking components (34) are symmetrically installed at both ends of the battery (3). The locking components (34) include a fixed slot (35) and a top platform (36). The fixed slot (35) has a protective tube (351) at its end. The protective tube (351) is located in the through hole of the control box (32) and the panel (33). A push block (37) is slidably installed inside the protective tube (351). A limit insert (38) driven by the push block (37) is provided at the through hole at the bottom of the fixed slot (35). The limit insert (38) is limited and cooperates with the slide (23). The top platform (36) abuts against the push platform (24).

2. The UAV battery replacement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push block (37) has a connecting rod (371) at its inner end, and a baffle (352) is provided in the fixed slot (35). One end of the connecting rod (371) passes through the through hole on the baffle (352) and is provided with a ramp (372). A second spring (373) is provided between the push block (37) and the baffle (352). A movable slot (381) is provided at the top of the limiting insert (38). The movable slot (381) is slidably disposed in the fixed slot (35). An inclined groove (383) is provided on the inner side of the movable slot (381) to slide with the ramp (372). A third spring (382) is provided between the top of the movable slot (381) and the fixed slot (35).

3. The UAV battery replacement structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic coefficient of spring one (25) is greater than that of spring two (373). When the battery (3) is installed in the battery mounting box (2), the limiting insertion platform (38) contacts the end face of the slide groove (23) for limiting, the control box (32) contacts the inner side plate (21), and the outer end face of the protective tube (351) and the push block (37) is flush with the panel (33).

4. A fast charging station, characterized in that: The device includes a UAV battery replacement structure as described in any one of claims 1-2, and also includes a platform (4), on which a stopping mechanism (5), a battery swapping mechanism (6) and a charging mechanism (7) are provided. The parking mechanism (5) includes a parking platform (51), a moving frame (52) and a positioning push plate (53). The parking platform (51) is symmetrically provided with a guide rail frame (511) for placing the landing gear (12) at the bottom of the UAV (1). The moving frame (52) is slidably located at the bottom of the parking platform (51). The positioning push plate (53) is located on the moving frame (52) and pushes the landing gear (12) to slide within the guide rail frame (511), so that the battery compartment (11) is close to the battery swapping mechanism (6). The battery swapping mechanism (6) includes a lateral movement mechanism (61), a position changing mechanism (62), and a clamping mechanism (63). The lateral movement mechanism (61) drives the position changing mechanism (62) to move back and forth. The position changing mechanism (62) unlocks the battery (3). The clamping mechanism (63) clamps the battery (3) and, driven by the position changing mechanism (62), the battery (3) changes from a horizontal position to a vertical position. The charging mechanism (7) includes a charging box (71), a guide frame (72) and an electric push rod (73). The electric push rod (73) drives the charging box (71) to move up and down inside the guide frame (72). The charging box (71) is provided with multiple charging compartments (711) that can accommodate batteries (3). The charging box (71) moves up and down to insert the vertically positioned batteries (3) into the charging compartments (711).

5. A fast charging station according to claim 4, characterized in that: The movable frame (52) is slidably mounted on the bottom of the landing platform (51). The movable frame (52) includes two connected beams (521). A sliding rod (522) is provided on the beam (521). A crossbeam (531) is provided between the two positioning push plates (53). A wing plate (532) is provided at the bottom of both ends of the crossbeam (531). The sliding rod (522) passes through the through hole on the wing plate (532), and a spring (523) is provided between the wing plate (532) and the beam (521). A blocking platform (513) is provided on the landing platform (51) to limit the position of the landing gear (12).

6. A fast charging station according to claim 5, characterized in that: The landing platform (51) is rotatably equipped with a pressure plate (54), which presses the landing gear (12) into the guide rail frame (511). A torsion spring (543) is provided at the point where the pressure plate (54) rotates with the landing platform (51). An arc plate (541) is connected to the bottom of the pressure plate (54). A fixing rod (524) is provided on the beam frame (521). A roller (525) is rotatably provided at the end of the fixing rod (524). A transmission inclined plate (542) that cooperates with the roller (525) is provided on the arc plate (541).

7. A fast charging station according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lateral movement mechanism (61) includes two fixed beams (611) and a movable beam (614). The movable beam (614) is slidably disposed between the two fixed beams (611). The displacement mechanism (62) includes a motor (621) and a rotating shaft (623). The motor (621) drives the rotating shaft (623) to rotate on the movable beam (614). A balance plate (625) is provided on the rotating shaft (623). A stop post (627) is provided at the front end of the balance plate (625), and a counterweight block (626) is provided at the rear end. The stop post (627) cooperates with the locking member (34). The stop post (627) is used to unlock the locking member (34). The clamping mechanism (63) is located at the front end of the balance plate (625).

8. A fast charging station according to claim 7, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (63) includes a double-headed cylinder (631), a movable platform (632) is provided at the output end of the double-headed cylinder (631), an L-shaped clamping plate (633) is provided on the front side of the movable platform (632), a connecting platform (634) is provided on the rear side of the L-shaped clamping plate (633), a guide rod (635) is provided on the connecting platform (634), the guide rod (635) slides with the through hole on the movable platform (632), and a spring (636) is provided between the movable platform (632) and the connecting platform (634).

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