Solid-liquid separation device for dredging mud in ship lock approach channel

Abstract

The invention relates to a solid-liquid separation device for dredging mud in a ship lock approach channel, and belongs to the field of solid-liquid separation devices. The device comprises a separation box for the desilting machine and a feeding hopper arranged at the top of the separation box for the desilting machine. A coarse separation unit is arranged below the feeding hopper, and a fine separation unit is arranged at the bottom of the separation box for the dredging machine. The fine separation unit comprises a filter screen cylinder and two extrusion filter cylinders; semi-arc grooves are uniformly formed in the bottom of the separation box for the dredging machine; the filter screen cylinder is rotationally arranged in the semi-arc groove; the two extrusion filter cylinders are fixedly arranged on the two sides of the separation box for the dredging machine correspondingly and rotationally connected with the two ends of the filter screen cylinder correspondingly. A discharge hole is formed in one end, deviating from the filter screen cylinder, of the extrusion filter cylinder; a sealing unit is arranged at the discharge hole; the sealing unit is used for opening or closing the discharge hole; the filter screen cylinder is communicated with the two corresponding extrusion filter cylinders, and a working space is formed; a filter pressing unit is arranged in the working space in a sliding manner; the solid-liquid separation device has the technical effects of the solid-liquid separation device for ship lock approach channel dredging mud.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of solid-liquid separation devices, and in particular to a solid-liquid separation device for dredging mud in a lock navigation channel. Background Technology

[0002] As a crucial navigation facility for inland waterway transport, the lock approach channel is constantly affected by siltation carried by water flow, requiring regular dredging operations to ensure channel depth and navigation safety. During dredging, sludge is generated by removing mud and water from the channel using dredging machinery. This sludge contains a high proportion of water pollutants such as sediment, suspended solids, and moisture, as well as solid waste pollutants. Direct discharge of this sludge would cause water pollution, raise the riverbed, and violate environmental discharge regulations. Therefore, solid-liquid separation is the core step in dredging sludge treatment.

[0003] Existing solid-liquid separation technologies require the installation of multiple devices to separate the mud, which occupies a large area and has low separation efficiency; it is difficult to meet the needs of rapid and uninterrupted mud processing at waterway dredging sites.

[0004] Patent application number 202510497300.3 discloses an integrated device and method for separating, consolidating, and dewatering dredged soil. The device includes: a cyclone separation module for initial solid-liquid separation of dredged mud under centrifugal force; a stirring and consolidation module for mixing the concentrated slurry separated by the cyclone separation module with a curing agent to rapidly solidify the slurry, obtaining dredged soil paste; and a drum drying module for drying and dewatering the dredged soil paste, with the dredged soil paste and drying gas transported in opposite directions within the drum. During operation, the cyclone separation module performs initial solid-liquid separation of the dredged mud; the separated concentrated slurry is sent to the stirring and consolidation module, where it is mixed with a curing agent to rapidly solidify the slurry, obtaining dredged soil paste; and the dredged soil paste obtained after stirring and consolidation is sent to the drum drying module for rotary drying. While this patent can process large quantities of mud, the solid-liquid separation process is complex, the separation efficiency is low, long-distance pipeline transportation is required, and the equipment occupies a large area.

[0005] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, the inventors believe that they suffer from low efficiency in solid-liquid separation of mud. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides a solid-liquid separation device for dredging mud in lock navigation channels.

[0007] This application provides a solid-liquid separation device for dredging mud in a lock navigation channel, which adopts the following technical solution: A solid-liquid separation device for dredging sludge in a lock navigation channel includes a separation box for dredging machinery and a feed hopper located at the top of the separation box. A coarse separation unit is located below the feed hopper, and a fine separation unit is located at the bottom of the separation box. The fine separation unit includes a filter screen cylinder and two extrusion filter cylinders. Semi-circular grooves are evenly distributed at the bottom of the separation box. The filter screen cylinder is rotatably disposed within the semi-circular grooves. The two extrusion filter cylinders are fixedly disposed on both sides of the separation box and rotatably connected to both ends of the filter screen cylinder. A discharge port is located at the end of each extrusion filter cylinder facing away from the filter screen cylinder. A sealing unit is provided at the discharge port. The sealing unit is used to open or close the discharge port. The filter screen cylinder communicates with its two corresponding extrusion filter cylinders, forming a working space. A filter press unit is slidably disposed within the working space.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, a two-stage processing mode of coarse separation unit and fine separation unit is used. First, large particle impurities are removed. Then, the fine sand particles in the mud are removed step by step through the synergistic action of the filter screen and the pressing unit. The coarse and fine separation units are integrated, and the mud can be processed in multiple stages by filling the feed hopper with mud, which greatly improves the separation efficiency of the mud. The mud is filtered in two stages by setting up the extrusion filter cylinder. The filtered mud is pushed into the extrusion filter cylinder by the pressing unit. The extrusion filter cylinder can perform three stages of filtration of the mud. The residue after filtration is squeezed into blocks by the pressing unit in the extrusion filter cylinder, so that the water in the mud is fully separated and the mud-water separation rate is improved.

[0009] Preferably, the filter press unit includes an extrusion plate and two sets of first hydraulic cylinders; the extrusion plate is slidably disposed within the extrusion space; the two sets of first hydraulic cylinders are respectively disposed on both sides of the separation box for dredging machinery; the two sets of first hydraulic cylinders each have a power output shaft; the two sets of power output shafts are coaxial and respectively connected to both sides of the extrusion plate.

[0010] Preferably, the separation box of the dredging machinery is provided with collection boxes on both sides; the collection box is provided with a partition; the partition divides the collection box into a water collection tank and a slag collection tank; the water collection tank is located below the extrusion filter cylinder; the slag collection tank is located below the discharge port.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the water collection tank and the sludge collection tank can collect water and filter residue separately, which facilitates the classification and treatment of water and filter residue in subsequent processes.

[0012] Preferably, the sealing unit includes a sealing plate and two sets of third hydraulic cylinders; the sealing plate is slidably disposed in the slag collection trough along the axial direction of the extrusion filter cylinder; the sealing plate is used to cover the discharge port; the two sets of third hydraulic cylinders are disposed on the collection box; the power output shafts of the two sets of third hydraulic cylinders are connected to the sealing plate.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, when the sealing plate covers the discharge port of the extrusion filter cylinder, it can cooperate with the extrusion plate to compress the fine sand particles in the mud and water into fine sand blocks inside the extrusion filter cylinder; after the sealing plate opens the discharge port, it is convenient for the extrusion plate to squeeze out the blocky fine sand particles. By moving the extrusion plate and the sealing plate, the separation of mud and water and the discharge of waste can be achieved. The structure is simple and the operation is convenient.

[0014] Preferably, a feeding cylinder is rotatably connected to the sealing plate; the feeding cylinder is coaxial with the power output shaft and located inside the extrusion filter cylinder; multiple feeding plates are evenly arranged circumferentially on the feeding cylinder.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the material feeding plate can stir and disperse the mud and sand in the extrusion filter cylinder, making it easier for water to be discharged from the filter holes of the extrusion filter cylinder. Multiple material feeding plates can also divide the extruded fine sand particles into multiple pieces, preventing large pieces of fine sand from sticking to the power output shaft of the first hydraulic cylinder, thus improving the discharge efficiency of fine sand pieces.

[0016] Preferably, a drive cylinder is slidably disposed inside the feeding cylinder along its axial direction; one end of the drive cylinder abuts against the extrusion plate, and an elastic element is disposed between the other end and the drive cylinder; the elastic element is used to provide a force for the drive cylinder to move away from the sealing plate; a slider is disposed on the outer wall of the drive cylinder; a spiral guide rail is provided on the inner wall of the feeding cylinder; the slider is located inside the spiral guide rail.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, a drive cylinder is set with a slider on it, and a spiral guide rail is set on the feeding cylinder. When the extrusion plate and the sealing plate work together to extrude mud and water, the extrusion plate pushes the drive cylinder with its thrust, thereby achieving the rotation effect of the feeding cylinder. This facilitates the feeding plate's mixing of mud and water and saves energy. When discharging fine sand blocks, the extrusion plate and the sealing plate are moved to move the feeding cylinder above the slag collection trough. After the extrusion plate resets and moves, the drive cylinder is reset under the push of the elastic element, and the feeding cylinder rotates, throwing the fine sand blocks into the slag collection trough. This improves the discharge efficiency of fine sand blocks. At the same time, the feeding plate can scrape the fine sand off the sealing plate, ensuring that the fine sand blocks are fully discharged into the slag collection trough.

[0018] Preferably, the coarse separation unit includes a coarse screen, a second hydraulic cylinder, and a cleaning component; the coarse screen is disposed below the feed hopper; the cleaning component is slidably disposed within the separation box of the dredging machinery along the length direction of the coarse screen; the cleaning component is provided with multiple cleaning rods; the multiple cleaning rods respectively pass through the screen holes of the coarse screen; the coarse screen has slag removal ports on both sides; the second hydraulic cylinder is disposed on the separation box of the dredging machinery; the power output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the cleaning component.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, a coarse screen is set up to continue filtering large impurities such as plastic bags, gravel, and branches that are 5mm or larger. By setting multiple cleaning rods on the cleaning component, impurities on the coarse screen are cleaned. When the cleaning component moves, the cleaning rods can guide the mud passing through the coarse screen and evenly disperse the mud into the separation box of the dredging machinery, avoiding the phenomenon of local mud accumulation in the separation box of the dredging machinery and improving the separation efficiency of the fine separation unit.

[0020] Preferably, the coarse fence has upwardly inclined buffer sections at both ends.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the upward-sloping buffer section can temporarily accumulate the filtered impurities at both ends of the coarse grid, allowing the residual water on the impurities sufficient time to flow downward, thus improving the quality of mud-water separation.

[0022] Preferably, the separation box for the dredging machinery is provided with a partition plate; the partition plate is used to divide the interior of the separation box for the dredging machinery into a mud space and a separation space that are connected at the bottom; the filter screen cylinder is rotatably disposed at the bottom of the mud space and is located at the connection between the mud space and the separation space.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the mud in the mud space accumulates at the filter screen cylinder and is filtered by the filter screen cylinder; by rotating the filter screen cylinder, the mud can be stirred, and the filter holes of the filter screen cylinder can be prevented from being blocked.

[0024] Preferably, the filter cylinder is provided with a plurality of actuating rings that rotate coaxially; each of the plurality of actuating rings is provided with a deflector plate; and the semi-circular groove is provided with a plurality of receiving grooves that respectively accommodate the plurality of actuating rings.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the deflector can deflect most of the coarse particles and a small portion of the mud blocked in the mud space into the separation space. During the deflection process, the filter screen can filter out the coarse particles, while fine sand particles and water enter the filter screen. The coarse particles are pushed into the separation space, realizing batch filtration of the mud, improving filtration efficiency, and also preventing the filtered coarse particles from accumulating at the bottom of the mud space, further improving filtration efficiency. When the deflector moves the mud and water to the top of the filter screen, the mud and water are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the filter screen under the action of inertia, improving filtration efficiency.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. A two-stage processing mode of coarse separation unit and fine separation unit is adopted. First, large particle impurities are removed. Then, the fine sand particles in the mud are removed step by step through the combined action of filter screen and pressure filter unit. The coarse and fine separation units are integrated. The mud can be processed in multiple stages by filling the feed hopper with mud, which greatly improves the separation efficiency of mud. The mud is filtered in two stages by setting up extrusion filter cylinder. The filtered mud is pushed into the extrusion filter cylinder by setting up pressure filter unit. The extrusion filter cylinder can perform three stages of filtration of mud. The filtered residue is squeezed into blocks by the pressure filter unit in the extrusion filter cylinder, so that the water in the mud is fully separated and the mud-water separation rate is improved.

[0027] 2. The material-pulling plates can stir and disperse the mud and sand in the extrusion filter cylinder, making it easier for water to be discharged from the filter holes of the extrusion filter cylinder. Multiple material-pulling plates can also divide the extruded fine sand particles into multiple pieces, preventing large pieces of fine sand from sticking to the power output shaft of the first hydraulic cylinder, thus improving the discharge efficiency of fine sand pieces.

[0028] 3. By setting a drive cylinder and a slider on the drive cylinder, and a spiral guide rail on the feeding cylinder, when the extrusion plate and the sealing plate work together to extrude mud and water, the driving cylinder is pushed by the thrust of the extrusion plate, thereby achieving the rotation effect of the feeding cylinder. This facilitates the mixing of mud and water by the feeding plate and saves energy. When discharging fine sand blocks, the feeding cylinder is moved to the top of the slag collection trough by moving the extrusion plate and the sealing plate. After the extrusion plate resets and moves, the drive cylinder is reset under the push of the elastic element and the feeding cylinder rotates, throwing the fine sand blocks into the slag collection trough, which improves the discharge efficiency of fine sand blocks. At the same time, the feeding plate can scrape the fine sand off the sealing plate, ensuring that the fine sand blocks are fully discharged into the slag collection trough. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a solid-liquid separation device for dredging mud in the lock's approach channel.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fine separation unit in the embodiment.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fine separation unit in the embodiment.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the toggle ring in the embodiment.

[0033] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A magnified view of part A in the image.

[0034] Figure 6 The connection diagram of the feeding cylinder, driving cylinder and sealing plate in the embodiment.

[0035] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the feeding cylinder in the embodiment.

[0036] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the drive cylinder in the embodiment.

[0037] Figure 9 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of part B in the image.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Separation box for dredging machinery; 12. Water collection trough; 13. Slag collection trough; 14. Isolation plate; 15. Semi-circular groove; 151. Reset groove; 152. Reset spring; 16. Mud space; 17. Separation space; 2. Feed hopper; 3. Coarse separation unit; 31. Coarse fence; 311. Buffer section; 32. Second hydraulic cylinder; 33. Cleaning rod; 4. Fine separation unit; 41. Filter screen cylinder; 411. Slot; 42. Extrusion filter cylinder; 5. Sealing unit; 51. Sealing plate; 52. Third hydraulic cylinder; 6. Filter press unit; 61. Extrusion plate; 62. Power output shaft; 7. Feeding cylinder; 71. Feeding plate; 72. Spiral guide rail; 73. Elastic element; 8. Drive cylinder; 81. Slider; 9. Actuating ring; 91. Counterweight block; 92. Actuating plate; 93. Reset block. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-9 This application will be described in further detail.

[0040] This application discloses a solid-liquid separation device for dredging mud in a lock pilot channel. (Refer to...) Figure 1-3The system includes a separation box 1 for dredging machinery and a feed hopper 2 located at the top of the separation box 1. A coarse separation unit 3 is located below the feed hopper 2, and a fine separation unit 4 is located at the bottom of the separation box 1. The slurry passes through the coarse separation unit 3 and the fine separation unit 4 sequentially from the feed inlet, achieving multi-stage separation of the slurry. The coarse separation unit 3 includes a coarse grid 31 located below the feed hopper 2, a second hydraulic cylinder 32 located on the separation box 1, and a cleaning component that slides along the length of the coarse grid 31 inside the separation box 1. Multiple cleaning rods 33 are provided on the cleaning component. The multiple cleaning rods 33 are arranged vertically and pass through the grid holes of the coarse grid 31 upwards. The separation box 1 of the dredging machinery has slag removal ports on both sides; the two slag removal ports are located at both ends of the coarse fence 31; at both ends of the coarse fence 31, there are upwardly inclined buffer sections 311; after the cleaning component slides, multiple cleaning rods 33 can push large impurities such as plastic bags, gravel, and branches intercepted on the coarse fence 31 to the buffer section 311; and they will accumulate briefly at the buffer section 311 to facilitate the filtration of residual moisture from the impurities; the power output shaft 62 of the second hydraulic cylinder 32 is connected to the cleaning component; the second hydraulic cylinder 32 can push the cleaning component to move back and forth along the length of the coarse fence 31. As more and more impurities accumulate at the buffer section 311, the impurities located at the slag removal ports are continuously pushed and discharged from the slag removal ports.

[0041] A semi-circular groove 15 is evenly provided at the bottom of the separation box 1 for dredging machinery; the fine separation unit 4 includes two extrusion filter cylinders 42 and a filter screen cylinder 41 rotatably disposed in the semi-circular groove 15; a drive motor is provided on the side wall of the separation box 1 for dredging machinery, and pulleys are provided on both the power output end of the drive motor and the filter screen cylinder 41. The two pulleys are connected by a belt, and the drive motor can drive the pulleys on its power output end, thereby driving the filter screen cylinder 41 to rotate through belt transmission; the filter screen cylinder 41 can further filter the sludge in the separation box 1 for dredging machinery, and the rotating filter screen cylinder 41 can continuously stir the sludge at the bottom of the separation box 1 for dredging machinery, so that finer sludge can pass through the mesh of the filter screen cylinder 41; the two extrusion filter cylinders 42 are respectively fixed on both sides of the separation box 1 for dredging machinery, and are rotatably connected to both ends of the filter screen cylinder 41; the filter screen cylinder 41 is connected to its corresponding two extrusion filter cylinders 42, and after the filter screen cylinder 41 is connected to its corresponding two extrusion filter cylinders 42, the three are connected within the inner... The components together form a working space; a filter press unit 6 is slidably arranged within the working space; the filter press unit 6 includes a pressing plate 61 and two sets of first hydraulic cylinders; the pressing plate 61 is slidably arranged within the pressing space; the two sets of first hydraulic cylinders are respectively arranged on both sides of the separation box 1 for dredging machinery; each of the two sets of first hydraulic cylinders has a power output shaft 62, the two sets of power output shafts 62 are coaxial and respectively connected to both sides of the pressing plate 61; when the pressing plate 61 slides from one end of the working space to the other end, it can compress the mud in the working space. When the extrusion plate 61 moves to the other end of the working space, that is, inside the extrusion filter cylinder 42, the fine sand particles in the mud (which are called filter residue after dewatering) are squeezed into blocks inside the extrusion filter cylinder 42, and water flows out from the mesh of the extrusion filter cylinder 42. The two sets of first hydraulic cylinders can drive the extrusion plate 61 to reciprocate within the working space. When the extrusion plate 61 squeezes the fine sand particles in either extrusion filter cylinder 42, the mud in the separation box 1 of the dredging machinery can normally enter the filter cylinder 41, so that the device can continuously separate the mud.

[0042] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5An isolation plate 14 is installed inside the separation box 1 of the dredging machinery, dividing the interior of the separation box 1 into a mud space 16 and a separation space 17; the feed hopper 2 and the coarse separation unit 3 are both located directly above the mud space 16; the bottom of the mud space 16 and the separation space 17 are connected; the filter screen cylinder 41 is rotatably installed at the bottom of the separation space 17 and is located at the connection between the mud space 16 and the separation space 17; the isolation plate 14 has a vertical section and an inclined section; the vertical section and the inclined section are arranged sequentially from top to bottom along the vertical direction; the inclined section is inclined towards the separation space 17; multiple actuating rings 9 are coaxially rotatably installed on the filter screen cylinder 41; the multiple actuating rings 9 are evenly arranged along the axial direction of the filter screen cylinder 41; in the multiple Each actuating ring 9 has a circumferentially arranged actuating plate 92; multiple receiving grooves are formed on the semi-circular groove 15 to accommodate multiple actuating rings 9 respectively; the receiving grooves and actuating rings 9 cooperate to avoid excessive gaps between the filter cylinder 41 and the semi-circular groove 15, and to prevent fine sand particles in the filter cylinder 41 from falling into the gaps and accumulating there; a sliding groove is formed on the inner wall of the actuating ring 9; a counterweight block 91 is slidably arranged in the sliding groove along the radial direction of the actuating ring 9; a slot 411 is formed on the outer wall of the filter cylinder 41; the slot 411 cooperates with the counterweight block 91; a reset groove 151 is formed on the bottom wall of the receiving groove; a reset block 93 is provided on the outer wall of the actuating ring 9; the reset block 93 is located in the reset groove 151.

[0043] The mud and water filtered by the coarse separation unit 3 enters the mud space 16. When the filter cylinder 41 is not rotating, the mud and water accumulate at the connection between the mud space 16 and the separation space 17, i.e., at the filter cylinder 41. Filtered coarse particles accumulate on one side of the filter cylinder 41 located in the mud space 16. When the actuating ring 9 rotates, the reset block 93 can slide within the reset groove 151. A reset spring 152 is provided along the length of the reset groove 151. One end of the reset spring 152 is connected to the reset block 93. When the actuating ring 9 is stationary, the deflector 92 is located within the mud space 16. At this time, the counterweight block 91 is located at the top of the actuating ring 9. The counterweight block 91 slides outwards from the chute under its own weight. When the filter cylinder 41 rotates to the chute, the counterweight block 91 slides into the slot 411. At this time, the filter cylinder 41 drives the actuating ring 9 to rotate, and the deflector 92 moves the mud and water in the mud space 16 towards the working space. The actuating ring 9 rotates, bringing coarse particles into the separation space 17, while water and fine sand particles enter the working space. When the actuating plate 92 moves the mud and water to the top of the filter cylinder 41, the mud and water are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the filter cylinder 41 under the action of inertia, which facilitates the entry of fine sand particles and water into the filter cylinder 41, while coarse particles are accumulated on the bottom wall of the separation space 17. When the actuating ring 9 rotates, the reset block 93 squeezes the reset spring 152. When the counterweight block 91 moves to the lower half of the actuating ring 9, the counterweight block 91 slides into the chute under its own weight and disengages from the slot 411. The groove diameter of the slot 411 is larger than the outer diameter of the counterweight block 91, so that the counterweight block 91 can smoothly disengage from the slot 411. Then, under the compression of the reset spring 152, the actuating ring 9 resets. A tension spring can be set between the counterweight block 91 and the bottom wall of the chute to improve the smoothness of the counterweight block 91 moving into the chute.

[0044] Reference Figure 3 A discharge port is provided at one end of the extrusion filter cylinder 42 away from the filter screen cylinder 41; a sealing unit 5 is provided at the discharge port; the sealing unit 5 includes a sealing plate 51 and two sets of third hydraulic cylinders 52; the sealing plate 51 is slidably disposed in the slag collection trough 13 along the axial direction of the extrusion filter cylinder 42; the sealing plate 51 is used to cover the discharge port; the two sets of third hydraulic cylinders 52 are disposed on the collection box; the power output ends of the two sets of third hydraulic cylinders 52 are connected to the sealing plate 51.

[0045] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 Collection boxes are provided on both sides of the separation box 1 for dredging machinery; a partition is provided inside the collection box; the partition divides the collection box into a water collection tank 12 and a slag collection tank 13; the water collection tank 12 is located below the extrusion filter cylinder 42; water flowing out of the extrusion filter cylinder 42 enters the water collection tank 12; the slag collection tank 13 is located below the discharge port; fine sand blocks in the extrusion filter cylinder 42 are pushed out of the discharge port by the extrusion plate 61 and fall into the slag collection tank 13.

[0046] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 A feeding cylinder 7 is rotatably connected to the sealing plate 51. The feeding cylinder 7 is coaxially arranged with the power output shaft 62 and located inside the extrusion filter cylinder 42. Multiple feeding plates 71 are evenly arranged circumferentially on the feeding cylinder 7. A drive cylinder 8 is slidably arranged axially inside the feeding cylinder 7. When the extrusion plate 61 moves into the extrusion filter cylinder 42, the extrusion plate 61 first abuts against one end of the drive cylinder 8. An elastic element 73 is arranged between the other end of the drive cylinder 8 and the feeding cylinder 7. As the extrusion plate 61 continues to move towards the sealing plate 51, it continuously pushes the drive cylinder 8 to slide into the feeding cylinder 7. At this time, the drive cylinder 8 squeezes the elastic element 73, so that the elastic element 73 continuously provides driving force. The force that drives the cylinder 8 away from the sealing plate 51; a slider 81 is provided on the outer wall of the drive cylinder 8; a spiral guide rail 72 is provided on the inner wall of the feeding cylinder 7; the slider 81 is located inside the spiral guide rail 72; when the drive cylinder 8 slides relative to the feeding cylinder 7, the slider 81 continuously squeezes the side wall of the spiral guide rail 72, driving the feeding cylinder 7 to rotate, thereby causing the feeding plate 71 to stir and squeeze the mud and water in the filter cylinder 42, dispersing the mud and water, and facilitating the discharge of water from the mesh of the squeeze filter cylinder 42; the mud and water that accumulate between adjacent feeding plates 71 can move along the feeding plate 71 to the inner wall of the squeeze filter cylinder 42, accelerating the discharge of water and further improving the mud and water separation efficiency.

[0047] When the extrusion plate 61 moves to contact the feeding cylinder 7, it stops moving and compresses the fine sand particles in the muddy water into fine sand blocks between the feeding cylinder 7 and the extrusion filter cylinder 42. Multiple feeding plates 71 can separate the compressed fine sand blocks into multiple pieces. When discharging the fine sand particles, the sealing plate 51 and the extrusion plate 61 move synchronously, moving the feeding cylinder 7 to directly above the slag collection trough 13. Then, the extrusion plate 61 moves away from the sealing plate 51 and into the extrusion space. After the drive cylinder 8 loses the pressure of the extrusion plate 61, it resets under the elastic force of the elastic element 73 and drives the feeding cylinder 7 to rotate, throwing multiple pieces of fine sand particles into the slag collection trough 13. When the feeding cylinder 7 rotates, multiple feeding plates 71 can also scrape off the fine sand particles on the surface of the sealing plate 51, making the discharge of fine sand particles faster and cleaner.

[0048] The working principle of the solid-liquid separation device for dredging mud in a lock navigation channel described in this application is as follows: Dredged sludge enters the device through the feed hopper 2 at the top of the separation box 1 for dredging machinery. It first flows through the coarse screen 31 located below the feed hopper 2. The screen holes of the coarse screen 31 intercept large impurities such as plastic bags, gravel, and branches in the sludge. The preliminarily filtered sludge falls through the screen holes into the sludge space 16 below. At the same time, the second hydraulic cylinders 32 on both sides of the separation box 1 for dredging machinery drive the cleaning components to slide back and forth along the length of the coarse screen 31. The vertical cleaning rods 33 on the cleaning components pass through the screen holes of the coarse screen 31 and push the intercepted impurities to both ends of the coarse screen 31. The coarse screen 31 has upwardly inclined buffer sections 311 at both ends. Impurities accumulate briefly in the buffer sections 311, filtering out residual water. As impurities continue to accumulate, the impurities near the slag removal ports on both sides of the separation box 1 for dredging machinery are continuously pushed and finally discharged from the slag removal ports, completing the separation and cleaning of large impurities.

[0049] After coarse separation, the mud and water flow into the mud space 16 separated by the partition plate 14. The inclined section of the partition plate 14 is inclined towards the separation space 17, guiding the mud and water to converge at the bottom connection between the mud space 16 and the separation space 17. A filter screen cylinder 41 is installed at this connection. The filter screen cylinder 41 is rotatably installed in the semi-circular groove 15 at the bottom of the separation space 17. Multiple actuating rings 9 are coaxially sleeved on its outer wall. A actuating plate 92 is provided around the actuating ring 9. The counterweight block 91 in the inner wall groove cooperates with the slot 411 on the outer wall of the filter screen cylinder 41. The reset block 93 on the outer wall is embedded in the reset groove 151 of the semi-circular groove 15 and connected to the reset spring 152.

[0050] When the filter cylinder 41 rotates until the counterweight block 91 aligns with the slot 411, the counterweight block 91 slides into the slot 411 under the action of gravity. The filter cylinder 41 drives the actuating ring 9 to rotate synchronously, and the actuating plate 92 extends into the mud space 16, pushing the accumulated mud and water and the filtered coarse particles into the separation space 17. When the actuating plate 92 rotates to the top with the filter cylinder 41, the mud and water are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the filter cylinder 41 under the action of inertia. Water and fine sand particles pass through the mesh of the filter cylinder 41 and enter its internal working space (the filter cylinder 41 is connected to the two end squeeze filter cylinders 42). Coarse particles that cannot pass through accumulate on the bottom wall of the separation space 17.

[0051] When the counterweight block 91 rotates to the lower half with the actuating ring 9, it slides out of the slot 411 under the action of gravity. The actuating ring 9 loses the driving force of the filter screen cylinder 41 and resets under the elastic force of the reset spring 152. The actuating plate 92 returns to the mud space 16 and waits for the next feeding.

[0052] The fine sand and water mixture entering the working space is subjected to reciprocating compression by the extrusion plates 61 driven by two sets of first hydraulic cylinders. When the extrusion plates 61 slide from one end of the working space to the other, they apply pressure to the mixture, and the water is discharged through the mesh of the extrusion filter cylinder 42. When the extrusion plates 61 move into the extrusion filter cylinder 42, the fine sand particles are compressed into block-shaped filter residue. The two sets of first hydraulic cylinders drive the extrusion plates 61 to reciprocate within the working space. When the extrusion plates 61 are compressed into blocks in one side of the extrusion filter cylinder 42, the other side of the working space can still normally receive mud and water from the filter screen cylinder 41, thus realizing the continuous solid-liquid separation of the device.

[0053] The fine sand block discharge and solid-liquid separation collection extrusion filter cylinder 42 has a discharge port at the end opposite to the filter screen cylinder 41. The sealing unit 5 at the discharge port is responsible for controlling the discharge timing. Before discharge, the sealing plate 51 covers the discharge port to ensure the airtightness of the extrusion filter cylinder 42. During discharge, two sets of third hydraulic cylinders 52 drive the sealing plate 51 to slide open the discharge port. At the same time, the extrusion plate 61 and the sealing plate 51 move synchronously to push the fine sand blocks in the extrusion filter cylinder 42 to the collection boxes on both sides of the separation box 1 for dredging machinery. The partition in the collection box divides it into a water collection tank 12 and a slag collection tank 13: the water discharged from the mesh of the extrusion filter cylinder 42 falls into the water collection tank 12 below to complete the liquid collection; the fine sand blocks pushed out from the discharge port fall into the slag collection tank 13 to complete the solid residue collection.

[0054] The material feeding cylinder 7 is rotatably connected to the sealing plate 51 for stirring and accelerating dehydration. Multiple material feeding plates 71 are arranged around its circumference. The drive cylinder 8 is axially slidably arranged inside. The slider 81 on the outer wall of the drive cylinder 8 is embedded in the spiral guide rail 72 on the inner wall of the material feeding cylinder 7. An elastic element 73 is provided between the drive cylinder 8 and the material feeding cylinder 7. When the extrusion plate 61 moves into the extrusion filter cylinder 42, it first abuts against the end of the drive cylinder 8 and pushes it to slide into the material feeding cylinder 7. The slider 81 extrudes the side wall of the spiral guide rail 72, driving the material feeding cylinder 7 to rotate. The material feeding plates 71 stir and squeeze the mud and water in the extrusion filter cylinder 42, so that the mud and water are evenly dispersed and the water is accelerated to penetrate into the filter cylinder mesh.

[0055] After the extrusion plate 61 stops moving, the fine sand particles are squeezed into blocks between the feeding cylinder 7 and the extrusion filter cylinder 42, and the feeding plate 71 separates them into multiple blocks. During discharge, the extrusion plate 61 moves away from the sealing plate 51, and the drive cylinder 8 is reset under the elastic force of the elastic element 73, which drives the feeding cylinder 7 to rotate again, throwing the fine sand blocks into the slag collection trough 13, while scraping off the fine sand particles remaining on the surface of the sealing plate 51, ensuring that the discharge is clean and thorough.

[0056] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A solid-liquid separation device for dredging mud in a lock navigation channel, characterized in that: The system includes a separation box (1) for dredging machinery and a feed hopper (2) located at the top of the separation box (1); a coarse separation unit (3) is located below the feed hopper (2), and a fine separation unit (4) is located at the bottom of the separation box (1); the fine separation unit (4) includes a filter screen cylinder (41) and two extrusion filter cylinders (42); a semi-circular groove (15) is evenly provided at the bottom of the separation box (1); the filter screen cylinder (41) is rotatably disposed within the semi-circular groove (15); and the two... The extrusion filter cylinders (42) are respectively fixed on both sides of the separation box (1) for the dredging machinery, and are rotatably connected to both ends of the filter screen cylinder (41); the extrusion filter cylinder (42) has a discharge port at the end opposite to the filter screen cylinder (41); a sealing unit (5) is provided at the discharge port; the sealing unit (5) is used to open or close the discharge port; the filter screen cylinder (41) is connected to its two corresponding extrusion filter cylinders (42) and forms a working space; a filter press unit (6) is slidably arranged in the working space.

2. The solid-liquid separation device for dredging mud in a lock navigation channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter press unit (6) includes a pressing plate (61) and two sets of first hydraulic cylinders; the pressing plate (61) is slidably disposed in the pressing space; the two sets of first hydraulic cylinders are respectively disposed on both sides of the separation box (1) for dredging machinery; the two sets of first hydraulic cylinders each have a power output shaft (62); the two sets of power output shafts (62) are coaxial and are respectively connected to both sides of the pressing plate (61).

3. A solid-liquid separation device for dredging mud in a lock navigation channel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The separation box (1) for the dredging machinery is provided with collection boxes on both sides; the collection box is provided with a partition; the partition divides the collection box into a water collection tank (12) and a slag collection tank (13); the water collection tank (12) is located below the extrusion filter cylinder (42); the slag collection tank (13) is located below the discharge port.

4. A solid-liquid separation device for dredging mud in a lock navigation channel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sealing unit (5) includes a sealing plate (51) and two sets of third hydraulic cylinders (52); the sealing plate (51) is slidably disposed in the slag collection trough (13) along the axial direction of the extrusion filter cylinder (42); the sealing plate (51) is used to cover the discharge port; the two sets of third hydraulic cylinders (52) are disposed on the collection box; the power output ends of the two sets of third hydraulic cylinders (52) are connected to the sealing plate (51).

5. A solid-liquid separation device for dredging mud in a lock navigation channel according to claim 4, characterized in that: A feeding cylinder (7) is rotatably connected to the sealing plate (51); the feeding cylinder (7) is coaxial with the power output shaft (62) and located inside the extrusion filter cylinder (42); a plurality of feeding plates (71) are evenly arranged around the feeding cylinder (7).

6. A solid-liquid separation device for dredging mud in a lock navigation channel according to claim 5, characterized in that: A drive cylinder (8) is slidably disposed inside the feeding cylinder (7) along its axial direction; one end of the drive cylinder (8) abuts against the extrusion plate (61), and an elastic element (73) is disposed between the other end and the feeding cylinder (7); the elastic element (73) is used to provide the drive cylinder (8) with a force away from the sealing plate (51); a slider (81) is disposed on the outer wall of the drive cylinder (8); a spiral guide rail (72) is provided on the inner wall of the feeding cylinder (7); the slider (81) is located inside the spiral guide rail (72).

7. A solid-liquid separation device for dredging mud in a lock navigation channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coarse separation unit (3) includes a coarse fence (31), a second hydraulic cylinder (32), and a cleaning component; the coarse fence (31) is located below the feed hopper (2); the cleaning component is slidably disposed within the separation box (1) for dredging machinery along the length of the coarse fence (31); the cleaning component is provided with multiple cleaning rods (33); the multiple cleaning rods (33) respectively penetrate the fence holes of the coarse fence (31); the separation box (1) for dredging machinery has slag removal ports on both sides; the two slag removal ports are located at both ends of the coarse fence (31); the second hydraulic cylinder (32) is disposed on the separation box (1) for dredging machinery; the power output shaft (62) of the second hydraulic cylinder (32) is connected to the cleaning component.

8. A solid-liquid separation device for dredging mud in a lock navigation channel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The coarse fence (31) has upwardly inclined buffer sections (311) at both ends.

9. A solid-liquid separation device for dredging mud in a lock navigation channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation box (1) for dredging machinery is provided with an isolation plate (14); the isolation plate (14) is used to divide the interior of the separation box (1) for dredging machinery into a mud space (16) and a separation space (17) with the bottom connected; the filter screen cylinder (41) is rotatably disposed at the bottom of the separation space (17) and is located at the connection between the mud space (16) and the separation space (17).

10. A solid-liquid separation device for dredging mud in a lock navigation channel according to claim 9, characterized in that: The filter cylinder (41) is provided with a plurality of actuating rings (9) that rotate coaxially; the plurality of actuating rings (9) are provided with actuating plates (92); the semi-circular groove (15) is provided with a plurality of receiving grooves that respectively accommodate the plurality of actuating rings (9).

Images