Efficient separation device for oil-containing sludge and separation method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-efficiency separation device and method for oily sludge. The device includes a shell, within which, from top to bottom, are sequentially arranged interconnected strong mixing and dispersion unit, thermal vibration polymerization unit, and three-phase separation unit, respectively used for primary demulsification of strong mixing and dispersion, secondary demulsification of thermal vibration polymerization, and three-phase separation of oily sludge. By integrating the strong mixing and dispersion unit, thermal vibration polymerization unit, and three-phase separation unit into a single device, this invention efficiently solves the technical problem of difficult efficient separation of oily sludge in the prior art. It features small footprint, compact design, low maintenance cost, stable and reliable operation, strong adaptability, low secondary pollution, and high separation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solid-liquid separation technology, specifically to a high-efficiency separation device and method for oily sludge. Background Technology

[0002] Oily sludge contains not only large amounts of crude oil but also radioactive elements, dioxins, and pathogens. From both economic and environmental perspectives, the resource recovery and harmless treatment of oily sludge has become an urgent priority. Currently, the main problem in the resource utilization of oily sludge is that it is a highly emulsified, viscous solid waste of water, oil, and sludge. The oil phase in oily sludge consists of saturated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, colloids, and asphaltenes. The presence of colloids and asphaltenes promotes the stability of the emulsion in oily sludge, forming a very stable emulsion system (oil-in-water (O / W) or water-in-oil (W / O) type), making demulsification difficult. The solid particle size in oily sludge can range from less than a few micrometers to several inches, with most particles smaller than 10 micrometers, making them difficult to separate from the liquid phase. Therefore, how to separate the oil from the solid particles in oily sludge has become a key issue in solving the problem of oily sludge reuse.

[0003] The main method for treating oily sludge is thermochemical cleaning. The principle of thermochemical cleaning is to add surfactants to the oily sludge as cleaning agents, wash it repeatedly to mix it thoroughly, and destroy the adhesion of water and oil and oily sludge surfaces, thereby achieving separation. Existing technologies and related supporting facilities have the following defects in the process of treating oily sludge: (1) A large amount of surfactants need to be added, which makes the cost of treating oily sludge too high and affects the quality; (2) Oily sludge is a high viscosity system, and the core mixing equipment is prone to clogging, which cannot be processed continuously and is prone to uneven mixing and poor effect; (3) The energy consumption is large and the quality of the treated oily sludge is low; (4) The process is complicated and the equipment occupies a large area.

[0004] Chinese invention patent CN117720252A discloses a fully automatic integrated oily sludge treatment device, control system, and treatment method, including a tank, a first baffle, a second baffle, a sludge discharge port, a feed port, and a connecting tee. It achieves oil, water, and sludge separation of oily sludge through a single integrated skid, significantly reducing equipment footprint and control complexity. However, this invention has certain shortcomings in the three-phase separation of oily sludge. It only mixes the oily sludge and reagents using a stirring paddle, allowing the oil, water, and sludge to separate into layers. In the oily sludge treatment process, the oily sludge is a high-viscosity system, and relying solely on a stirring paddle can easily lead to uneven mixing. Furthermore, it does not solve the problem of separating fine particles in the oily sludge, a significant factor contributing to the difficulty in separating the oil and solid phases. Therefore, the three-phase separation effect of oily sludge is unsatisfactory. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a high-efficiency separation device and method for oily sludge. By integrating a strong mixing and dispersion unit, a thermal vibration polymerization unit and a three-phase separation unit into an integrated device, the technical problem of the difficulty in efficiently separating oily sludge in the prior art is solved with a single device. It has the characteristics of small footprint, compact setup, low maintenance cost, stable and reliable operation, strong adaptability, low secondary pollution and high separation efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A high-efficiency separation device for oily sludge includes a shell 1. Inside the shell 1, from top to bottom, there are interconnected strong mixing and dispersion unit 2, thermal vibration polymerization unit 3, and three-phase separation unit 4, which are used for primary demulsification of strong mixing and dispersion of oily sludge, secondary demulsification of thermal vibration polymerization, and three-phase separation, respectively.

[0008] The strong mixing and dispersion unit 2 includes a drive component 21 and a strong mixing and dispersion component 22 arranged concentrically with the drive component 21. The strong mixing and dispersion component 22 is fixedly connected to the power output shaft of the drive component 21. The material inlet of the strong mixing and dispersion component 22 is respectively fed with oily sludge and surfactant solution.

[0009] The drive assembly 21 includes a drive motor 211 fixedly mounted on the top of the housing 1, and the power output shaft of the drive motor 211 is connected to a rotating shaft 212 passing through the housing 1.

[0010] The strong mixing and dispersion component 22 includes a tray 221 fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 212 and at least two material inlet pipes 222 passing through the shell wall of the housing 1. A rotor cavity 223 is fixedly disposed on the tray 221, and a dispersion medium 224 is disposed in the rotor cavity 223. The dispersion medium 224 is a spherical steel packing or a spherical ceramic packing. The material inlet pipes 222 are connected to a material distributor 225 disposed between the rotor cavity 223 and the rotating shaft 212. A plurality of spray nozzles 226 are uniformly disposed on the material distributor 225 facing the rotor cavity 223.

[0011] The material inlet pipe 222 is respectively introduced into oily sludge and surfactant solution.

[0012] The thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 includes a guide plate 31 disposed below the tray 221 and a heat source inlet pipe 32 passing through the shell wall of the housing 1. One end of the guide plate 31 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 1, and the other end is connected to the extraction strong mixer 34. A strong mixing dispersion primary demulsification zone is formed between the guide plate 31 and the inner top of the housing 1. The heat source inlet pipe 32 is connected to the extraction strong mixer 34. Three to five layers of thermal vibration polymerization plates 35 are disposed below the extraction strong mixer 34. A liquid accumulation plate 36 is disposed one layer below the thermal vibration polymerization plates 35 away from the extraction strong mixer 34. One end of the liquid accumulation plate 36 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 1. A thermal vibration polymerization secondary demulsification zone is formed between the liquid accumulation plate 36 and the guide plate 31.

[0013] Each layer of thermally vibrating polymer plate 35 is uniformly provided with a plurality of throat-reducing holes 351, and the central axes of the throat-reducing holes 351 of every two layers of thermally vibrating polymer plate 35 are staggered; the throat-reducing hole 351 includes a feeding section 352, a throat section 353 and a discharging section 354. The length L1 of the feeding section 352 and the tapering angle α are 2-4cm and 20°-30°, respectively. The length L2 of the throat section 353 is 3-5cm and the length-to-diameter ratio of the throat section 353 is 2-4. The length L3 of the discharging section 354 and the tapering angle β are 1-3cm and 30°-60°, respectively.

[0014] The three-phase separation unit 4 includes a solid-liquid re-vortex separator 41 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 1 below the liquid accumulation pan 36, and an oil-water separation component 42 disposed below the solid-liquid re-vortex separator 41.

[0015] The solid-liquid gravity separator 41 includes a spiral section 411 and a separation section 412 connected to the spiral section 411. The spiral section 411 has 5 to 8 layers, a pitch L4 of 20 to 35 cm, and the radial and horizontal inclination angle γ of the blades of the spiral section 411 is 5° to 25°. The separation section 412 is provided with a solid phase outlet pipe 413 and a liquid phase outlet pipe 414 that pass through the shell wall of the shell 1. The outlet of the liquid phase outlet pipe 414 is provided with an oil-water backflow baffle 415.

[0016] The oil-water separation assembly 42 includes a gas distributor 421 disposed below the liquid phase outlet pipe 414, and a gas inlet pipe 422, a gas outlet pipe 423, a water phase outlet pipe 424, and an oil phase outlet pipe 425, all of which pass through the shell wall of the housing 1. The gas distributor 421 is connected to the gas inlet pipe 422 via a pipe. An oil-water baffle 426, which is higher than the oil-water backflow baffle 415, is disposed between the gas distributor 421 and the oil phase outlet pipe 425. The gas outlet pipe 423 is disposed between the separation section 412 and the oil-water backflow baffle 415 and is higher than the oil-water baffle 426. The water phase outlet pipe 424 is located below the gas inlet pipe 422. A three-phase separation zone is formed between the liquid accumulation plate 36 and the inner bottom of the housing 1.

[0017] A highly efficient method for separating oily sludge, using the aforementioned highly efficient oily sludge separation device, includes the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Place the oily sludge and surfactant solution in the strong mixing and dispersion unit 2 for a first demulsification;

[0019] Step 2: Place the heat source and the oily sludge after the first demulsification in Step 1 into the thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 for a second demulsification;

[0020] Step 3: The oily sludge that has undergone secondary demulsification in Step 2 is placed in the solid-liquid gravity separator 41 of the three-phase separation unit 4 for solid-liquid separation to obtain oily sludge residue and oil-water mixture; the oil-water mixture and gas are placed in the oil-water separation component 42 of the three-phase separation unit 4 for oil-water separation to obtain oil and wastewater.

[0021] In step 1, the mass-to-volume ratio of oily sludge to surfactant solution is 10 kg: (1-4) L, the mass concentration of surfactant solution is 0.1%-3% kg / L, and the rotation speed of the drive motor 211 of the strong mixing and dispersion unit 2 is 100-300 r / min; in step 2, the amount of heat source added is 2%-10% of the original oily sludge mass, and the pressure of the heat source inlet pipe 32 of the thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 is 0.1-1.5 MPa; in step 3, the gas pressure is 0.1-0.5 MPa.

[0022] The surfactant solution in step 1 is one or more combinations of polyacrylamide, polyaluminum chloride, triethylenetetramine, sodium metasilicate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and petroleum sulfonate; the heat source in step 2 is one of hot water, steam, and hot nitrogen; and the gas in step 3 is air or nitrogen.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. This invention addresses the high viscosity of oily sludge by incorporating a dispersion medium in the form of packing balls within the rotor cavity. Compared to traditional agitator shaft mixing equipment, this increases the contact area between the oily sludge and the surfactant, resulting in more uniform mixing, enhanced mass transfer, and significantly reduced surfactant consumption. This lowers processing costs and mitigates secondary pollution caused by excessive surfactant use. For high-viscosity material systems, the packing ball ratio can be flexibly adjusted based on the solid content of the oily sludge. Compared to systems with a fixed packing layer, this reduces the likelihood of clogging and improves mixing efficiency. The packing balls are also low-cost to manufacture, easy to clean and replace, and require minimal maintenance.

[0025] 2. This invention involves feeding the oily sludge, after initial demulsification, into a thermally vibrating polymerization plate after treatment by a strong pump. This causes the fine solid flocculent particles in the oily sludge to gradually flocculate and enlarge at the constricted pores of the multi-layer thermally vibrating polymerization plate, forming larger particles. This significantly generates the solid-water-oil interface in the oily sludge, disrupting the stable emulsion system in the oily sludge. This solves the technical problem of poor separation effect caused by the difficulty in removing fine solid particles from oily sludge.

[0026] 3. This invention utilizes a heat source to directly heat and wet oily sludge, thereby enhancing its fluidity and reducing its viscosity, preventing the oily sludge from clogging the constriction pores of the thermally vibrating polymer plate due to excessive viscosity. Compared to indirect heating methods such as resistance heaters or heat tracing pipes, the direct heating of oily sludge by the heat source is a lower-cost and more economical method.

[0027] 4. This invention utilizes the principle of density difference between the solid and liquid phases of oily sludge. By setting up a solid-liquid gravity separator and an oil-water separation component, the solid and liquid phases are separated. The liquid phase enters the oil-water separation component, where the water and oil phases in the liquid phase are separated under the dual action of gravity and pneumatic force, thereby improving the efficiency and effect of oil-water separation and realizing the three-phase separation of solid, water and oil phases.

[0028] In summary, this invention integrates the strong mixing and dispersion unit, the thermal vibration polymerization unit, and the three-phase separation unit into a single device, effectively solving the technical problem of the difficulty in efficiently separating oily sludge in the prior art. It features a small footprint, compact setup, low maintenance cost, stable and reliable operation, strong adaptability, low secondary pollution, and high separation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-efficiency separation device for oily sludge according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the strong mixing and dispersion component provided by the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a top view of the thermally vibrating polymer plate provided by the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the throat hole structure of the thermally vibrating polymer plate provided by the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the solid-liquid recyclone separator provided by the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the solid-liquid recyclone separator at point A provided by the present invention.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Shell; 2. Strong mixing and dispersion unit; 21. Drive assembly; 211. Drive motor; 212. Rotary shaft; 22. Strong mixing and dispersion assembly; 221. Tray; 222. Material inlet pipe; 223. Rotor cavity; 224. Dispersion medium; 225. Material distributor; 226. Spray nozzle; 3. Thermal vibration polymerization unit; 31. Guide plate; 32. Heat source inlet pipe; 33. Flange; 34. Extraction strong mixer; 35. Thermal vibration polymerization plate; 351. Narrowing orifice; ... Material section 352, throat section 353, discharge section 354, liquid collection tray 36, three-phase separation unit 4, solid-liquid gravity separator 41, spiral section 411, separation section 412, solid phase outlet pipe 413, liquid phase outlet pipe 414, oil-water backflow baffle 415, oil-water separation component 42, gas distributor 421, gas inlet pipe 422, gas outlet pipe 423, water phase outlet pipe 424, oil phase outlet pipe 425, oil-water baffle 426. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, a high-efficiency separation device for oily sludge includes a shell 1. Inside the shell 1, from top to bottom, there are interconnected strong mixing and dispersion unit 2, thermal vibration polymerization unit 3, and three-phase separation unit 4, which are used for primary demulsification of strong mixing and dispersion of oily sludge, secondary demulsification of thermal vibration polymerization, and three-phase separation, respectively.

[0038] The strong mixing and dispersion unit 2 includes a drive component 21 and a strong mixing and dispersion component 22 arranged concentrically with the drive component 21. The strong mixing and dispersion component 22 is fixedly connected to the power output shaft of the drive component 21. The material inlet of the strong mixing and dispersion component 22 is respectively fed with oily sludge and surfactant solution.

[0039] The drive assembly 21 includes a drive motor 211 fixedly mounted on the top of the housing 1, and the power output shaft of the drive motor 211 is connected to a rotating shaft 212 passing through the housing 1.

[0040] like Figure 2As shown, the strong mixing and dispersing component 22 includes a tray 221 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 212 and at least two material inlet pipes 222 passing through the shell wall of the housing 1. A rotor cavity 223 is fixedly disposed on the tray 221, and a dispersion medium 224 is disposed in the rotor cavity 223. The dispersion medium 224 is a spherical steel packing or a spherical ceramic packing, which can prevent the high viscosity material running system from clogging. The material and size ratio of the packing can be flexibly adjusted according to the solid content in the sludge. The packing has low manufacturing cost, is easy to clean and replace, and has low maintenance cost. The material inlet pipes 222 are connected to a material distributor 225 disposed between the rotor cavity 223 and the rotating shaft 212. A plurality of spray nozzles 226 are evenly disposed on the material distributor 225 facing the rotor cavity 223. The material inlet pipes 222 are divided into Oily sludge and surfactant solution are introduced separately. The spray nozzle 226 for oily sludge is square or elliptical, while the spray nozzle 226 for surfactant solution is circular. The material inlet pipes 222 are arranged alternately along the circumference of the shell 1, with the material inlet pipes 222 for oily sludge and surfactant solution introduced separately, or the material inlet pipes 222 for oily sludge and surfactant solution introduced separately on both sides of the shell 1. When the number of material inlet pipes 222 is set to 2N+1 (N is not less than 1), there is one more material inlet pipe 222 for oily sludge than for surfactant solution. In this embodiment, there are two material inlet pipes 222, one for oily sludge and one for surfactant solution.

[0041] The thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 includes a guide plate 31 disposed below the tray 221 and a heat source inlet pipe 32 passing through the shell wall of the housing 1. The guide plate 31 has an inverted conical flow guiding structure. One end of the guide plate 31 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 1, and the other end is connected to the extraction strong mixer 34 through a flange 33. A strong mixing dispersion primary demulsification zone is formed between the guide plate 31 and the inner top of the housing 1. The heat source inlet pipe 32 is connected to the extraction strong mixer 34. Below the extraction strong mixer 34, there are 3 to 5 layers of thermal vibration polymerization plates 35. Each layer of thermal vibration polymerization plate 35 has a plurality of throat-like holes 351 evenly arranged on it. Figure 3 As shown, the central axes of the constricted holes 351 in every two layers of thermally vibrating polymer plates 35 are staggered. Each constricted hole 351 includes an inlet section 352, a throat section 353, and an outlet section 354. The length L1 of the inlet section 352 and the taper angle α are 2–4 cm and 20°–30°, respectively. The length L2 of the throat section 353 is 3–5 cm, and the length-to-diameter ratio of the throat section 353 is 2–4. The length L3 of the outlet section 354 and the taper angle β are 1–3 cm and 30°–60°, respectively. Figure 4As shown; a liquid collection tray 36 is provided one layer below the thermal vibration polymerization plate 35 away from the strong mixer 34. One end of the liquid collection tray 36 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell 1. An overflow weir is provided on the liquid collection tray 36. A thermal vibration polymerization secondary demulsification zone is formed between the liquid collection tray 36 and the guide plate 31.

[0042] The three-phase separation unit 4 includes a solid-liquid cyclone separator 41 disposed below the liquid accumulation pan 36 and an oil-water separation assembly 42 disposed below the solid-liquid cyclone separator 41. The solid-liquid cyclone separator 41 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 1. The solid-liquid cyclone separator 41 includes a spiral part 411 and a separation part 412 connected to the spiral part 411. The spiral part 411 has 5 to 8 layers, a pitch L4 of 20 to 35 cm, and the radial and horizontal inclination angle γ of the blades of the spiral part 411 is 5° to 25°. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown; the separation section 412 is provided with a solid phase outlet pipe 413 and a liquid phase outlet pipe 414 that pass through the shell wall of the shell 1, and the outlet of the liquid phase outlet pipe 414 is provided with an umbrella-shaped oil-water backflow baffle 415.

[0043] The oil-water separation assembly 42 includes an annular gas distributor 421 disposed below the liquid phase outlet pipe 414, and a gas inlet pipe 422, a gas outlet pipe 423, an aqueous phase outlet pipe 424, and an oil phase outlet pipe 425, all of which pass through the shell wall of the housing 1. The gas distributor 421 is connected to the gas inlet pipe 422 through a pipe and is used to generate a large number of tiny bubbles of non-polar molecules. An oil-water baffle 426, which is higher than the oil-water backflow baffle 415, is disposed between the gas distributor 421 and the oil phase outlet pipe 425. The gas outlet pipe 423 is disposed between the separation section 412 and the oil-water backflow baffle 415 and is higher than the oil-water baffle 426. The aqueous phase outlet pipe 424 is located below the gas inlet pipe 422. A three-phase separation zone is formed between the liquid accumulation plate 36 and the inner bottom of the housing 1.

[0044] The working principle of the high-efficiency separation device for oily sludge of the present invention is as follows:

[0045] During operation, the drive motor 211 is started, causing the rotor cavity 223 on the tray 221 to rotate circumferentially. Simultaneously, the oily sludge and surfactant solution are transported to the corresponding material distributors 225 through two material inlet pipes 222. Under centrifugal force, the mixture is continuously mixed from the inside out within the packing layer of the rotor cavity 223, undergoing strong mixing, dispersion, and demulsification. The rotation of the spherical packing generates significant liquid turbulence, resulting in a more uniform mixing of the oily sludge and surfactant solution within the packing layer. Finally, the mixture is ejected from the outer edge of the rotor cavity 223 to the guide plate 31; the heat source is... The heat source inlet pipe 32 delivers oily sludge to the extraction mixer 34, where it violently collides and mixes with the oily sludge entering the mixer 34 through the guide plate 31. The heat source further cuts the still intact oil-water interface, disrupting its integrity. After secondary mixing and dispersion, the oily sludge undergoes turbulent collisions and secondary demulsification as it passes through the constriction holes 351 of the layers of thermal vibration polymerization plates 35. The solid particles in the oily sludge continuously flocculate and increase in size, agglomerating into larger solid particles that flow into the slurry collection pan 36. Once the oily sludge level in the collection pan 36 exceeds the overflow weir, it flows into the solid-liquid re-vortex separator. Due to the density difference between the solid and liquid phases, stratification occurs in the solid-liquid gravity separator 41. The denser solid phase settles faster and sinks to the lower layer of the liquid flow, while the less dense liquid phase settles slower and floats to the upper layer. The vertical turbulence of the liquid flow intensifies the stratification of the oily sludge according to density. Simultaneously, the liquid phase moves towards the outer edge under the outward thrust and centrifugal force of the transverse water flow, while the solid phase moves towards the inner edge under the inward thrust of the transverse water flow and gravity. The solid and liquid phases move along their respective radii of rotation. The separation section 412 separates the oily sludge into solid and liquid phases laterally. The solid phase is composed of oily sludge. Waste residue is discharged through solid phase outlet pipe 413. The oil-water mixture in liquid phase enters oil-water separation component 42. At the same time, air is introduced into gas distributor 421 to generate a large number of tiny bubbles of non-polar molecules. Oil droplets in liquid phase discharged from oil phase outlet pipe 425 are repelled by water molecules and easily adhere to each other when they approach the bubbles. They rise with the oil droplets and float to the surface of the water with the bubbles, thus achieving the separation of oil phase and water phase in liquid phase. The oil phase floats up and flows into the oil pool through the upper edge of oil-water baffle 426 and is discharged through oil phase outlet pipe 425. The water phase sinks to the bottom of the pool and is discharged through water phase outlet pipe 424.

[0046] A highly efficient method for separating oily sludge, using the aforementioned highly efficient oily sludge separation device, includes the following steps:

[0047] Step 1: The oily sludge and surfactant solution are placed in the strong mixing and dispersion unit 2 for demulsification; the mass-to-volume ratio of the oily sludge to the surfactant solution is 10 kg: (1-4) L, the mass concentration of the surfactant solution is 0.1%-3% kg / L, and the surfactant solution is one or more of polyacrylamide, polyaluminum chloride, triethylenetetramine, sodium metasilicate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and petroleum sulfonate; the speed of the drive motor 211 of the strong mixing and dispersion unit 2 is 100-300 r / min.

[0048] Step 2: Place the heat source and the oily sludge after the first demulsification in Step 1 into the thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 for a second demulsification; the heat source is one of hot water, steam, and hot nitrogen, the pressure of the heat source inlet pipe 32 of the thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 is 0.1-1.5 MPa, and the amount of heat source added is 2%-10% of the original oily sludge mass;

[0049] Step 3: The oily sludge that has undergone secondary demulsification in Step 2 is placed in the solid-liquid gravity separator 41 of the three-phase separation unit 4 for solid-liquid separation to obtain oily sludge residue and oil-water mixture; the oil-water mixture and gas are placed in the oil-water separation component 42 of the three-phase separation unit 4 for oil-water separation to obtain oil and wastewater; the gas is air or nitrogen, and the pressure of the gas is 0.1-0.5 MPa.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] A highly efficient method for separating oily sludge, using the aforementioned highly efficient oily sludge separation device, includes the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: Place 100 kg of oily sludge and 40 L of surfactant solution in the strong mixing and dispersion unit 2 for demulsification; the surfactant solution has a mass concentration of 2.5% kg / L and is a mixture of polyacrylamide and polyaluminum chloride with a mass ratio of 1:2; the drive motor 211 of the strong mixing and dispersion unit 2 rotates at 300 r / min.

[0053] Step 2: The steam and the oily sludge after the first demulsification in Step 1 are placed in the thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 for a second demulsification; the pressure of the heat source inlet pipe 32 of the thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 is 1.5 MPa, and the amount of steam added is 8% of the original oily sludge mass;

[0054] Step 3: The oily sludge that has undergone secondary demulsification in Step 2 is placed in the solid-liquid gravity separator 41 of the three-phase separation unit 4 for solid-liquid separation to obtain oily sludge residue and oil-water mixture; the oil-water mixture is placed in the oil-water separation component 42 of the three-phase separation unit 4 for oil-water separation to obtain oil and wastewater; the gas pressure of the air is 0.5 MPa.

[0055] In this embodiment, the high-efficiency separation device for oily sludge is equipped with four layers of thermally vibrating polymer plates 35, with the following dimensional parameters: the length L1 and the convergence angle α of the feed section 352 are 4cm and 30° respectively, the length L2 of the throat section 353 is 4cm, the length-to-diameter ratio of the throat section 353 is 2, and the length L3 and the convergence angle β of the discharge section 354 are 2cm and 45° respectively; the dimensional parameters of the solid-liquid gravity separator 41 are as follows: the spiral section 411 is provided with 7 layers, the pitch L4 is 30cm, and the radial and horizontal inclination angle γ of the blades of the spiral section 411 is 5°.

[0056] This embodiment selects oily sludge from the bottom of a crude oil purification tank in an oilfield. Before separation, the water content of the oily sludge was 34.52%, the oil content was 49.78%, and the solid content was 15.70%. After separation, the water content and solid content in the oil were 0.45% and 0.56%, respectively, and the separated and recovered oil can be recycled. The oil content in the wastewater was 4.37 mg / L, which meets the requirements of GB 31570-2015 "Emission Standard of Pollutants for Petroleum Refining Industry". The water content and oil content in the oily sludge residue were 32.05% and 1.33%, respectively, which meet the technical requirements for use as industrial production raw materials in Shaanxi Provincial Local Standard DB61 / T1025-2016 "Control and Restriction of Disposal and Utilization of Oily Sludge".

[0057] Example 2

[0058] A highly efficient method for separating oily sludge, using the aforementioned highly efficient oily sludge separation device, includes the following steps:

[0059] Step 1: Place 100 kg of oily sludge and 40 L of surfactant solution in strong mixing and dispersion unit 2 for demulsification; the surfactant solution has a mass concentration of 3% kg / L and is a mixture of triethylenetetramine, sodium metasilicate, and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, with a mass ratio of 1:0.5:2; the drive motor 211 of strong mixing and dispersion unit 2 rotates at 200 r / min.

[0060] Step 2: Hot nitrogen gas and the oily sludge after the first demulsification in Step 1 are placed in the thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 for a second demulsification; the pressure of the heat source inlet pipe 32 of the thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 is 1.0 MPa, and the amount of hot nitrogen gas added is 10% of the original oily sludge mass;

[0061] Step 3: The oily sludge that has undergone secondary demulsification in Step 2 is placed in the solid-liquid gravity separator 41 of the three-phase separation unit 4 for solid-liquid separation to obtain oily sludge residue and oil-water mixture; the oil-water mixture and nitrogen are placed in the oil-water separation component 42 of the three-phase separation unit 4 for oil-water separation to obtain oil and wastewater; the gas pressure of the nitrogen is 0.3 MPa.

[0062] In this embodiment, the high-efficiency separation device for oily sludge is equipped with 5 layers of thermally vibrating polymer plates 35, with the following dimensional parameters: the length L1 and the convergence angle α of the feed section 352 are 3cm and 25° respectively, the length L2 of the throat section 353 is 5cm, the length-to-diameter ratio of the throat section 353 is 4, and the length L3 and the convergence angle β of the discharge section 354 are 3cm and 60° respectively; the dimensional parameters of the solid-liquid gravity separator 41 are as follows: the spiral section 411 is provided with 8 layers, the pitch L4 is 35cm, and the radial and horizontal inclination angle γ of the blades of the spiral section 411 is 10°.

[0063] This embodiment selects oily sludge from the bottom of a crude oil tank in a refining company. Before separation, the water content of the oily sludge was 35.75%, the oil content was 53.59%, and the solid content was 10.66%. After separation, the water content and solid content in the oil were 0.93% and 0.41%, respectively, and the separated and recovered oil can be recycled. The oil content in the wastewater was 4.75 mg / L, which meets the requirements of GB 31570-2015 "Emission Standard of Pollutants for Petroleum Refining Industry". The water content and oil content in the oily sludge residue were 34.03% and 1.26%, respectively, which meet the technical requirements for use as industrial production raw materials in Shaanxi Provincial Local Standard DB61 / T1025-2016 "Control and Restriction of Disposal and Utilization of Oily Sludge".

[0064] Example 3

[0065] A highly efficient method for separating oily sludge, using the aforementioned highly efficient oily sludge separation device, includes the following steps:

[0066] Step 1: Place 100 kg of oily sludge and 10 L of surfactant solution into the strong mixing and dispersion unit 2 for demulsification; the surfactant solution has a mass concentration of 0.1% kg / L, is a petroleum sulfonate, and the drive motor 211 of the strong mixing and dispersion unit 2 rotates at 100 r / min.

[0067] Step 2: The hot water and the oily sludge after the first demulsification in Step 1 are placed in the thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 for a second demulsification; the pressure of the heat source inlet pipe 32 of the thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 is 0.1 MPa, and the amount of hot water added is 2% of the original oily sludge mass;

[0068] Step 3: The oily sludge that has undergone secondary demulsification in Step 2 is placed in the solid-liquid gravity separator 41 of the three-phase separation unit 4 for solid-liquid separation to obtain oily sludge residue and oil-water mixture; the oil-water mixture and air are placed in the oil-water separation component 42 of the three-phase separation unit 4 for oil-water separation to obtain oil and wastewater; the gas pressure of the air is 0.1 MPa.

[0069] In this embodiment, the high-efficiency separation device for oily sludge is equipped with three layers of thermally vibrating polymer plates 35, with the following dimensional parameters: the length L1 and the convergence angle α of the feed section 352 are 2cm and 20° respectively, the length L2 of the throat section 353 is 5cm, the length-to-diameter ratio of the throat section 353 is 2, and the length L3 and the convergence angle β of the discharge section 354 are 3cm and 30° respectively; the dimensional parameters of the solid-liquid gravity separator 41 are as follows: the spiral section 411 is provided with 5 layers, the pitch L4 is 20cm, and the radial and horizontal inclination angle γ of the blades of the spiral section 411 is 20°.

[0070] This embodiment selects a mixed sample of sun-dried sludge from a refining company. Before separation, the water content of the oily sludge was 16.90%, the oil content was 26.47%, and the solid content was 56.63%. After separation, the water content and solid content in the oil were 0.51% and 0.92%, respectively, and the separated and recovered oil can be recycled. The oil content in the wastewater was 3.72 mg / L, which meets the requirements of GB 31570-2015 "Emission Standard of Pollutants for Petroleum Refining Industry". The water content and oil content in the oily sludge residue were 12.03% and 0.96%, respectively, which meet the technical requirements for use as industrial production raw materials in Shaanxi Provincial Local Standard DB61 / T1025-2016 "Control and Restriction of Disposal and Utilization of Oily Sludge".

[0071] Example 4

[0072] A highly efficient method for separating oily sludge, using the aforementioned highly efficient oily sludge separation device, includes the following steps:

[0073] Step 1: Place 100 kg of oily sludge and 30 L of surfactant solution in strong mixing and dispersion unit 2 for demulsification; the surfactant solution has a mass concentration of 2.0% kg / L and is a mixture of polyaluminum chloride and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate with a mass ratio of 2:1; the drive motor 211 of the strong mixing and dispersion unit 2 rotates at 150 r / min.

[0074] Step 2: Hot water and the oily sludge after the first demulsification in Step 1 are placed in the thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 for a second demulsification; the pressure of the heat source inlet pipe 32 of the thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 is 0.5 MPa, and the amount of hot water added is 5% of the original oily sludge mass;

[0075] Step 3: The oily sludge that has undergone secondary demulsification in Step 2 is placed in the solid-liquid gravity separator 41 of the three-phase separation unit 4 for solid-liquid separation to obtain oily sludge residue and oil-water mixture; the oil-water mixture and air are placed in the oil-water separation component 42 of the three-phase separation unit 4 for oil-water separation to obtain oil and wastewater; the gas pressure of the air is 0.4 MPa.

[0076] In this embodiment, the high-efficiency separation device for oily sludge is equipped with 5 layers of thermally vibrating polymer plates 35, with the following dimensional parameters: the length L1 and the convergence angle α of the feed section 352 are 3cm and 28° respectively, the length L2 of the throat section 353 is 3cm, the length-to-diameter ratio of the throat section 353 is 3, and the length L3 and the convergence angle β of the discharge section 354 are 2cm and 40° respectively; the dimensional parameters of the solid-liquid gravity separator 41 are as follows: the spiral section 411 is provided with 6 layers, the pitch L4 is 25cm, and the radial and horizontal inclination angle γ of the blades of the spiral section 411 is 15°.

[0077] This embodiment selects mixed samples of oily sludge from the upper, middle, and lower parts of an oil sludge pool in an oil refinery. Before separation, the water content of the oily sludge was 37.76%, the oil content was 33.98%, and the solid content was 28.26%. After separation, the water content and solid content in the oil were 0.95% and 0.78%, respectively, and the separated and recovered oil can be reused. The oil content in the wastewater was 4.26 mg / L, which meets the requirements of GB 31570-2015 "Emission Standard of Pollutants for Petroleum Refining Industry". The water content and oil content in the oily sludge residue were 42.31% and 1.25%, respectively, which meet the technical requirements for use as industrial production raw materials in Shaanxi Provincial Local Standard DB61 / T1025-2016 "Control and Restriction of Disposal and Utilization of Oily Sludge".

[0078] Example 5

[0079] A highly efficient method for separating oily sludge, using the aforementioned highly efficient oily sludge separation device, includes the following steps:

[0080] Step 1: Place 100 kg of oily sludge and 20 L of surfactant solution in the strong mixing and dispersion unit 2 for demulsification. The surfactant solution has a mass concentration of 1.0% kg / L and is a mixture of polyacrylamide, triethylenetetramine, sodium metasilicate, and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate. The mass ratio of polyacrylamide, triethylenetetramine, sodium metasilicate, and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is 1:0.5:0.2:1. The drive motor 211 of the strong mixing and dispersion unit 2 rotates at 250 r / min.

[0081] Step 2: The steam and the oily sludge after the first demulsification in Step 1 are placed in the thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 for a second demulsification; the pressure of the heat source inlet pipe 32 of the thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 is 1.2 MPa, and the amount of steam added is 3% of the original oily sludge mass;

[0082] Step 3: The oily sludge that has undergone secondary demulsification in Step 2 is placed in the solid-liquid gravity separator 41 of the three-phase separation unit 4 for solid-liquid separation to obtain oily sludge residue and oil-water mixture; the oil-water mixture and air are placed in the oil-water separation component 42 of the three-phase separation unit 4 for oil-water separation to obtain oil and wastewater; the pressure of the air is 0.2 MPa.

[0083] In this embodiment, the high-efficiency separation device for oily sludge is equipped with three layers of thermally vibrating polymer plates 35, with the following dimensional parameters: the length L1 and the convergence angle α of the feed section 352 are 4cm and 23° respectively, the length L2 of the throat section 353 is 4cm, the length-to-diameter ratio of the throat section 353 is 2, and the length L3 and the convergence angle β of the discharge section 354 are 1cm and 50° respectively; the dimensional parameters of the solid-liquid gravity separator 41 are as follows: the spiral section 411 is provided with 8 layers, the pitch L4 is 35cm, and the radial and horizontal inclination angle γ of the blades of the spiral section 411 is 25°.

[0084] This embodiment selects oily sludge from the bottom of an oilfield's waste oil pond. Before separation, the oily sludge had a water content of 41.54%, an oil content of 18.04%, and a solid content of 40.42%. After separation, the water content and solid content in the oil were 1.21% and 0.82%, respectively, and the separated and recovered oil can be reused. The oil content in the wastewater was 4.17 mg / L, which meets the requirements of GB 31570-2015 "Emission Standard of Pollutants for Petroleum Refining Industry". The water content and oil content in the oily sludge residue were 35.31% and 0.73%, respectively, which meet the technical requirements for use as industrial production raw materials in Shaanxi Provincial Local Standard DB61 / T1025-2016 "Control and Restriction of Disposal and Utilization of Oily Sludge".

[0085] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency separation device for oily sludge, comprising a shell (1), characterized in that: The shell (1) is provided with a strong mixing and dispersion unit (2), a thermal vibration polymerization unit (3) and a three-phase separation unit (4) arranged sequentially from top to bottom, which are used for the strong mixing and dispersion of oily sludge, the thermal vibration polymerization, the primary demulsification, the secondary demulsification, and the three-phase separation, respectively. The strong mixing and dispersion unit (2) includes a drive assembly (21) and a strong mixing and dispersion assembly (22) arranged concentrically with the drive assembly (21). The strong mixing and dispersion assembly (22) is fixedly connected to the power output shaft of the drive assembly (21). The material inlet of the strong mixing and dispersion assembly (22) is respectively fed with oily sludge and surfactant solution. The drive assembly (21) includes a drive motor (211) fixedly installed on the top of the housing (1). The power output shaft of the drive motor (211) is connected to a rotating shaft (212) passing through the housing (1). The strong mixing and dispersion assembly (22) includes a tray (22) fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (212). 1) and at least two material inlet pipes (222) passing through the shell wall of the shell (1), a rotor cavity (223) is fixedly provided on the tray (221), and a dispersion medium (224) is provided in the rotor cavity (223), the dispersion medium (224) being spherical steel packing or spherical ceramic packing; the material inlet pipe (222) is connected to a material distributor (225) provided between the rotor cavity (223) and the rotating shaft (212), and a plurality of spray nozzles (226) are uniformly provided on the material distributor (225) facing the rotor cavity (223); the material inlet pipe (222) is respectively introduced into oily sludge and surfactant solution; The thermal vibration polymerization unit (3) includes a guide plate (31) disposed below the tray (221) and a heat source inlet pipe (32) passing through the shell wall of the housing (1). One end of the guide plate (31) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing (1), and the other end is connected to the extraction strong mixer (34). A strong mixing dispersion primary demulsification zone is formed between the guide plate (31) and the inner top of the housing (1). The heat source inlet pipe (32) is connected to the extraction strong mixer (34). A strong mixing strong mixer (34) is provided below the extraction strong mixer (34). The device has 3 to 5 layers of thermally vibrating polymer plates (35). A liquid collection plate (36) is provided below the layer of thermally vibrating polymer plates (35) away from the strong mixer (34). One end of the liquid collection plate (36) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell (1). A secondary demulsification zone of thermally vibrating polymerization is formed between the liquid collection plate (36) and the guide plate (31). Several constriction holes (351) are uniformly provided on each layer of thermally vibrating polymer plates (35). The central axes of the constriction holes (351) of every two layers of thermally vibrating polymer plates (35) are staggered.

2. The high-efficiency separation device for oily sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constricted orifice (351) includes a feeding section (352), a throat section (353), and a discharge section (354). The length L1 and the convergence angle α of the feeding section (352) are 2-4 cm and 20°-30°, respectively. The length L2 of the throat section (353) is 3-5 cm and the length-to-diameter ratio of the throat section (353) is 2-4. The length L3 and the convergence angle β of the discharge section (354) are 1-3 cm and 30°-60°, respectively.

3. The high-efficiency separation device for oily sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-phase separation unit (4) includes a solid-liquid re-vortex separator (41) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing (1) below the liquid accumulation pan (36) and an oil-water separation component (42) below the solid-liquid re-vortex separator (41).

4. The high-efficiency separation device for oily sludge according to claim 3, characterized in that: The solid-liquid vortex separator (41) includes a spiral section (411) and a separation section (412) connected to the spiral section (411). The spiral section (411) has 5 to 8 layers, and the pitch L4 is 20 to 35 cm. The radial and horizontal inclination angle γ of the blades of the spiral section (411) is 5° to 25°. The separation section (412) is provided with a solid phase outlet pipe (413) and a liquid phase outlet pipe (414) that pass through the shell wall of the shell (1). The outlet of the liquid phase outlet pipe (414) is provided with an oil-water backflow baffle (415). The oil-water separation assembly (42) includes a gas distributor (421) disposed below the liquid phase outlet pipe (414) and a gas inlet pipe (422), a gas outlet pipe (423), an aqueous phase outlet pipe (424), and an oil phase outlet pipe (425) all passing through the shell wall of the housing (1). The gas distributor (421) is connected to the gas inlet pipe (422) through a pipe. An oil-water baffle (426) higher than the oil-water backflow baffle (415) is disposed between the gas distributor (421) and the oil phase outlet pipe (425). The gas outlet pipe (423) is disposed between the separation section (412) and the oil-water backflow baffle (415) and is higher than the oil-water baffle (426). The aqueous phase outlet pipe (424) is located below the gas inlet pipe (422). A three-phase separation zone is formed between the liquid collection plate (36) and the inner bottom of the housing (1).

5. A method for efficiently separating oily sludge, comprising using the efficient separation device described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the oily sludge and surfactant solution in a strong mixing and dispersing unit (2) for a first demulsification; Step 2: Place the heat source and the oily sludge after the first demulsification in Step 1 into the thermal vibration polymerization unit (3) for a second demulsification; Step 3: The oily sludge that has undergone secondary demulsification in Step 2 is placed in the solid-liquid gravity separator (41) of the three-phase separation unit (4) for solid-liquid separation to obtain oily sludge residue and oil-water mixture; the oil-water mixture and gas are placed in the oil-water separation component (42) of the three-phase separation unit (4) for oil-water separation to obtain oil and wastewater.

6. The efficient separation method for oily sludge according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 1, the mass-to-volume ratio of oily sludge to surfactant solution is 10 kg: (1-4) L, the mass concentration of surfactant solution is 0.1%-3% kg / L, and the rotation speed of the drive motor (211) of the strong mixing dispersion unit (2) is 100-300 r / min; in step 2, the amount of heat source added is 2%-10% of the original oily sludge mass, and the pressure of the heat source inlet pipe (32) of the thermal vibration polymerization unit (3) is 0.1-1.5 MPa; in step 3, the gas pressure is 0.1-0.5 MPa.

7. The efficient separation method for oily sludge according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surfactant solution in step 1 is one or more combinations of polyacrylamide, polyaluminum chloride, triethylenetetramine, sodium metasilicate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and petroleum sulfonate; the heat source in step 2 is one of hot water, steam, and hot nitrogen; and the gas in step 3 is air or nitrogen.

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