Sludge water removal and collection device for water conservancy project

Abstract

The invention discloses a water conservancy project sludge dewatering and collecting device, and belongs to the technical field of water conservancy projects, the water conservancy project sludge dewatering and collecting device comprises a sorting and purifying system, a sludge dewatering system and a dewatered sludge recycling assembly, the sorting and purifying system comprises a garbage sorting machine, a multi-stage vibration sand separator and a drainage filtering assembly, the garbage sorting machine is used for separating large-particle impurities, the impurities are bagged, and the sludge dewatering system is used for dewatering sludge. Residual mud enters a multi-stage vibration sand separator, sand is bagged according to the grade of separated particles, and the mud enters a sludge dewatering system to be treated; the sludge dewatering system comprises a sludge conditioning and flocculating machine, a concentrating and dewatering all-in-one machine, medicament adding equipment and cleaning equipment, the sludge is bagged by utilizing a sludge recycling assembly, so that the working efficiency can be greatly improved, the treatment cost is reduced, and two independent parts, namely a sorting and purifying system and a sludge dewatering system, are designed in the aspect of a mechanical structure; and the components can operate independently and can also work cooperatively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of water conservancy engineering technology, specifically relating to a silt removal and water collection device for water conservancy projects. Background Technology

[0002] Water conservancy projects are fundamental public welfare projects, and they come in various types. Taking reservoirs and river management projects as examples, they have played an important role in flood control and disaster reduction, agricultural irrigation, industrial water supply, and other aspects.

[0003] Currently, a large amount of silt is excavated in reservoir dredging and capacity expansion projects and river management projects. The commonly used method of setting up silt dumps has the following disadvantages: first, it occupies a large amount of temporary land; second, the natural drainage and consolidation of silt takes a long time, affecting the construction period; and third, the transportation of silt pollutes the roads along the route, affecting the lives of surrounding residents and impacting regional social stability.

[0004] Most sludge dewatering equipment on the market currently uses sludge squeezing to drain water when dewatering sludge. Although the sludge dewatering effect is good, it requires providing huge pressure to squeeze the sludge. The filter screen used for filtration will be clogged by sludge due to excessive squeezing pressure, and some sludge will also be squeezed out. The initial filtration effect is good, but the filtration effect will decrease with each filtration, and the filtration effect is unstable. In addition, the filter screen needs to be removed and maintained frequently, which is not sustainable and reduces the efficiency of sludge dewatering. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a sludge removal and collection device for water conservancy projects, including a sorting and purification system, a sludge dewatering system, and a dewatered sludge recovery component. The sorting and purification system includes a waste sorting machine, a multi-stage vibrating sand separator, and a drainage filtration component. The waste sorting machine separates large particles of impurities, which are then bagged. The remaining sludge enters the multi-stage vibrating sand separator, where sand is bagged according to the separated particle size. The sludge then enters the sludge dewatering system for further processing. The sludge dewatering system includes a sludge conditioning and flocculation machine, a thickening and dewatering integrated machine, a chemical dosing device, and a cleaning device. After chemical dosing, the sludge from the sludge conditioning and flocculation machine enters the thickening and dewatering integrated machine for further processing, generating backflow and dewatered sludge. The backflow is either discharged or processed in the drainage filtration and recovery component. The dewatered sludge is bagged using the dewatered sludge recovery component.

[0006] Furthermore, the waste sorting machine includes a sorting box with an inlet at the top and a squeezing wheel inside. The squeezing wheel is positioned below the inlet via a rotating shaft. The squeezing wheel includes a first squeezing wheel and a second squeezing wheel, which are symmetrically arranged. The squeezing wheel squeezes the sludge together.

[0007] Furthermore, a cutting device is provided below the extrusion roller. The cutting device is installed horizontally inside the sorting box via a cutting plate. The cutting device includes a cutting motor, a cutting shaft, and cutting blades. The cutting motor is installed on the cutting plate, and the output shaft of the cutting motor is connected to the cutting shaft. The cutting blades are evenly distributed on the cutting shaft.

[0008] Furthermore, the multi-stage vibrating sand separator includes an outer screen cylinder, connecting rods, and an inner screen cylinder. The inner screen cylinder is located inside the outer screen cylinder. Two sets of connecting rods are provided, which are symmetrically fixed to the inner sides of both ends of the outer screen cylinder and fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner screen cylinder to achieve the connection between the inner and outer screen cylinders. The outer and inner screen cylinders are respectively provided with secondary screening holes and primary screening holes. The mesh size of the primary screening hole is smaller than that of the secondary screening hole, thereby achieving the screening of stone materials of different particle sizes.

[0009] Furthermore, a connecting column is fixedly connected between the inner side of the outer screen cylinder and the outer side of the inner screen cylinder. A self-weight impact hammer is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the connecting column. When the connecting column rotates with the outer screen cylinder to tilt downwards, the self-weight impact hammer slides along the outer wall of the connecting column to impact the inner wall of the outer screen cylinder, thereby achieving a knocking vibration on the outer screen cylinder. When the connecting column rotates with the outer screen cylinder to tilt upwards, the self-weight impact hammer slides along the outer wall of the connecting column to impact the outer wall of the inner screen cylinder, thereby achieving a knocking vibration on the inner screen cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, the drainage filtration assembly includes a two-compartment reaction tank and a belt filter. The sludge is conditioned and flocculated by adding chemicals in the two-compartment reaction tank, and then filtered by the belt filter before entering the integrated thickening and dewatering machine for further processing.

[0011] Furthermore, the integrated concentration and dehydration machine includes multiple dehydration zones, including independent dehydration zones and continuous dehydration zones. The independent dehydration zone includes an independent gravity concentration dehydration zone located at the upper part of one end of the frame, which includes a first feeding device, an independent mesh belt, an independent drive roller, a mesh belt alignment roller, a support roller, and a mesh belt tensioning roller. The continuous dehydration zone includes a main gravity concentration dehydration zone located below the independent gravity concentration dehydration zone and equipped with a second feeding device, a steel belt pressing dehydration zone located at the other end of the frame, and a rotary roller dehydration zone. A wedge-shaped dehydration zone is provided between the lower part of the independent gravity concentration dehydration zone and the upper part of the main gravity concentration dehydration zone, and the rotary roller dehydration zone is connected to the wedge-shaped dehydration zone.

[0012] Furthermore, the wedge-shaped dewatering zone includes an inclined lower mesh belt and an upper mesh belt; the rotary roller dewatering zone includes multiple rotary guide rollers that are staggered vertically; the upper mesh belt overlaps with the lower mesh belt and is wound around the rotary guide rollers; the steel strip pressing dewatering zone includes a pressing zone center roller; pressing zone drive rollers and pressing zone driven rollers are provided on both sides of the pressing zone center roller; pressing zone alignment rollers and pressing zone tensioning rollers are installed below the pressing zone center roller; the pressing zone alignment rollers are connected to the pressing zone alignment device; the pressing zone tensioning rollers are connected to the pressing zone pressurizing device and the pressing zone tensioning synchronization device; the pressing zone center roller, pressing zone drive roller, pressing zone driven roller, pressing zone alignment roller, and pressing zone tensioning roller are driven by a high-strength belt; and the upper and lower mesh belts are wound around the pressing zone center roller, pressing zone drive roller, and pressing zone driven roller.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention include: This invention provides a sludge removal and collection device for water conservancy projects, including a sorting and purification system, a sludge dewatering system, and a dewatered sludge recovery component. The sorting and purification system includes a waste sorting machine, a multi-stage vibrating sand separator, and a drainage filtration component. The waste sorting machine separates large particles of impurities, which are then bagged. The remaining sludge enters the multi-stage vibrating sand separator, where sand is bagged according to particle size. The sludge then enters the sludge dewatering system for further processing. The sludge dewatering system includes a sludge conditioning and flocculation machine, a thickening and dewatering integrated machine, a chemical dosing device, and a cleaning device. After chemical dosing, the sludge from the sludge conditioning and flocculation machine enters the thickening and dewatering integrated machine for further processing, producing backflow and dewatered sludge. The backflow is either discharged or processed in the drainage filtration and recovery component. The dewatered sludge is bagged using the dewatered sludge recovery component. This design significantly improves work efficiency and reduces processing costs. In terms of mechanical structure, it is designed as two independent parts: the sorting and purification system and the sludge dewatering system, which can operate independently or work in conjunction with each other. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a silt removal and water collection device for water conservancy projects according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a sludge removal and water collection device for water conservancy projects according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a silt removal and water collection device for water conservancy projects according to an embodiment of the present invention; The system includes: 1. Sorting and purification system; 2. Sludge dewatering system; 3. Sludge recovery component. Detailed Implementation

[0016] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0017] This invention discloses a sludge removal and collection device for water conservancy projects, including a sorting and purification system 1, a sludge dewatering system 2, and a dewatered sludge recovery component 3. The sorting and purification system 1 includes a waste sorting machine, a multi-stage vibrating sand separator, and a drainage filtration component. The waste sorting machine separates large particles of impurities, which are then bagged. The remaining sludge enters the multi-stage vibrating sand separator, where sand is bagged according to the separated particle size. The sludge then enters the sludge dewatering system 2 for further processing. The sludge dewatering system 2 includes a sludge conditioning and flocculation machine, a concentration and dewatering integrated machine, a chemical dosing device, and a cleaning device. The sludge after chemical dosing in the sludge conditioning and flocculation machine enters the concentration and dewatering integrated machine for further processing, generating backflow and dewatered sludge. The backflow is either discharged or processed in the drainage filtration and recovery component. The dewatered sludge is bagged using the dewatered sludge recovery component 3.

[0018] The waste sorting machine includes a sorting bin with an inlet at the top. Inside the bin are extrusion rollers, positioned below the inlet via a rotating shaft. These rollers, a first extrusion roller and a second extrusion roller, are symmetrically arranged. These rollers compress the sludge together, reducing its volume and space requirements, thus increasing the amount of sludge that can be processed within the sorting bin. They also make the sludge more compact, facilitating subsequent cutting and improving cutting efficiency. Below the extrusion rollers is a cutting device mounted horizontally inside the sorting bin via a cutting plate. The cutting device includes a cutting motor, a cutting shaft, and cutting blades. The cutting motor is mounted on the cutting plate, and its output shaft is connected to the cutting shaft. The cutting blades are evenly distributed on the cutting shaft. The cutting motor drives the cutting shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the cutting blades, causing them to cut the sludge. The sludge enters the sorting box through the feed inlet, and then passes between the first and second extrusion rollers. The first and second extrusion rollers rotate relative to each other, compressing the sludge to reduce its volume and make it more compact. Then, the cutting device cuts it, breaking the sludge that is stuck together into fine particles. The fine particles of sludge enter the material chamber through the filter screen at the feed hopper, while the sludge that is not cut into the required size enters the multi-stage vibrating sand separator.

[0019] The multi-stage vibrating sand separator includes an outer screen cylinder, connecting rods, and an inner screen cylinder. The inner screen cylinder is located inside the outer screen cylinder. Two sets of connecting rods are symmetrically fixed to the inner sides of both ends of the outer screen cylinder and are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner screen cylinder, thus connecting the inner and outer screen cylinders. The outer and inner screen cylinders are respectively provided with secondary screening holes and primary screening holes. The mesh size of the primary screening holes is smaller than that of the secondary screening holes, thereby achieving screening of stones of different particle sizes. A connecting column is also fixedly connected between the inner side of the outer screen cylinder and the outer side of the inner screen cylinder. A self-weight impact hammer is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the connecting column. When the connecting column rotates with the outer screen cylinder to an inclined downward position, the self-weight impact hammer moves along the connecting column... The outer wall slides and impacts the inner wall of the outer screen cylinder to achieve knocking vibration of the outer screen cylinder. When the connecting column rotates with the outer screen cylinder to tilt upwards, the self-weight impact hammer slides along the outer wall of the connecting column to impact the outer wall of the inner screen cylinder to achieve knocking vibration of the inner screen cylinder. When the entire equipment is placed, the entire device is tilted (the feed end of the inner screen cylinder is higher than the discharge end). At this time, the material with a particle size smaller than the primary screening hole will fall into the inner side of the outer screen cylinder through the primary screening hole. Then, the material with a particle size smaller than the secondary screening hole will fall into the outside of the outer screen cylinder through the secondary screening hole. The retained material moves towards the front end along the inclined inner wall of the inner screen cylinder and the outer screen cylinder respectively. In this way, three different grades of sand and gravel are screened out.

[0020] The drainage filtration assembly includes a two-compartment reaction tank and a belt filter. The sludge is conditioned and flocculated by adding chemicals in the two-compartment reaction tank, and then filtered by the belt filter before entering the thickening and dewatering integrated machine for further processing.

[0021] The integrated concentration and dehydration machine includes multiple dehydration zones, including independent dehydration zones and continuous dehydration zones. The independent dehydration zones include an independent gravity concentration dehydration zone located at the upper part of one end of the frame, comprising a first feeding device, an independent mesh belt, an independent drive roller, a mesh belt alignment roller, support rollers, and a mesh belt tensioning roller. The continuous dehydration zones include a main gravity concentration dehydration zone located below the independent gravity concentration dehydration zone and equipped with a second feeding device, a steel belt pressing dehydration zone located at the other end of the frame, and a rotary roller dehydration zone. A wedge-shaped dehydration zone is located between the lower part of the independent gravity concentration dehydration zone and the upper part of the main gravity concentration dehydration zone, and the rotary roller dehydration zone is connected to the wedge-shaped dehydration zone. The wedge-shaped dehydration zone includes an inclined... The lower and upper mesh belts are arranged at an angle. The rotary roller dewatering zone includes multiple rotary guide rollers that are staggered vertically. The upper and lower mesh belts overlap and are wound around the rotary guide rollers. The steel strip pressing dewatering zone includes a pressing zone center roller. Pressing zone drive rollers and pressing zone driven rollers are provided on both sides of the pressing zone center roller. Pressing zone alignment rollers and pressing zone tension rollers are installed below the pressing zone center roller. The pressing zone alignment rollers are connected to the pressing zone alignment device. The pressing zone tension rollers are connected to the pressing zone pressurization device and the pressing zone tension synchronization device. The pressing zone center roller, pressing zone drive roller, pressing zone driven roller, pressing zone alignment roller, and pressing zone tension roller are driven by a high-strength belt. The upper and lower mesh belts are wound around the pressing zone center roller, pressing zone drive roller, and pressing zone driven roller.

[0022] Ultrasonic thickness gauges are installed above the mesh belts in the independent thickening gravity dewatering zone and the main unit thickening gravity dewatering zone, respectively. The ultrasonic thickness gauges detect the sludge thickness signal and control the opening of the feed valves in the first and second feeding devices through the controller.

[0023] After chemical flocculation, the 1-3% low-concentration sludge is fed into the first and second feeding devices via electric feed valves. The feeding devices distribute the sludge into independent thickening gravity dewatering zones and the main unit thickening gravity dewatering zone. Ultrasonic thickness gauges in the first and second feeding devices are used to detect the thickness of the thickened sludge. The detection signal controls the opening of the valves in each feed pipe. The sludge after two gravity dewatering processes is aggregated and fed into the wedge-shaped dewatering zone. After several rotary roller dewatering processes, it enters the steel belt pressing dewatering zone and is then discharged. The system uses infrared monitoring to automatically alarm and stop the operation of the steel belt and mesh belt. The advantages and disadvantages of the dynamic combination of the thickening belt dewatering machine and the steel belt press are discussed. After thickening and dewatering, the sludge content can reach about 90% from 1-3% solids content.

[0024] The dewatering recycling unit 3 includes a conveyor belt and a recycling bin. The dewatered cement is extruded into a cake shape using a mold and arranged in the recycling bin. The recycling bin is then transported by the conveyor belt to a designated area for storage or further processing.

[0025] The filtration function includes two steps: waste sorting and sand / gravel separation, aiming to separate larger solid waste. First, the sludge (some of which has a water content as high as 99%, hereinafter referred to as sludge) is sorted to separate larger items such as household plastics, which are then bagged and sent to the waste treatment plant. Next, it passes through a multi-stage vibrating screen to separate sand and gravel of different grades based on particle size, which are then packaged and recycled. After filtration, the sludge enters the conditioning module. The filtered sludge is discharged into a conditioning and mixing tank, where appropriate reagents are added according to the quantity and properties of the sludge. The reagents and sludge are mechanically mixed in the conditioning tank to ensure a thorough reaction upon contact, before the sludge enters the dewatering module. First, after a concentration stage, the sludge, after conditioning, loses most of its water content in the concentration unit, reducing the moisture content to approximately 92%. After leaving the concentration unit, the sludge directly enters the mechanical pressing and dewatering unit. This unit employs a three-step progressive pressing method—horizontal, arc-shaped, and S-shaped—to effectively separate solids and liquids gradually, achieving high dewatering efficiency. Therefore, in the dewatering module, the sludge has already undergone solid-liquid separation, with the moisture content reduced to approximately 50%. The solids, i.e., the sludge cake with lower moisture content, are further stabilized and rendered harmless, making them suitable for use in construction, agriculture, and land application. The liquids, i.e., the water separated during the concentration and pressing dewatering stages, are input into the wastewater purification module. The purified water is directly discharged, while a small amount of sludge is sent back to the treatment tank for further solid-liquid separation.

[0026] In sludge treatment, sludge conditioning is crucial; therefore, this section focuses on the results of conditioning experiments. Different sources of sludge result in varying properties, influencing the selection of conditioning agents and their dosage. Generally, conditioning agents include inorganic coagulants (such as polyaluminum chloride and polyaluminum sulfate) and organic flocculants (such as cationic and anionic polyacrylamide). The tested sludge came from river sludge in Shandong Province. Testing revealed that the sludge carried a negative charge and had an initial water content of 98.9%. We selected cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) as the organic flocculant and coal flotation agent and polyaluminum sulfate as the inorganic conditioning agents. CPAM was prepared into a solution at a mass fraction of 0.1%. After standing for a certain period of time, equal amounts of mud were taken, and different amounts of coal flotation reagent were added, followed by CPAM. The mixture was stirred in a large beaker, and the flocculation was observed. A small amount of the mixture was taken to measure the capillary absorption time. The remaining mixture was filtered using a self-made three-dimensional capillary filter cloth (simulating the concentration process). The filter mud was then squeezed through the capillary filter cloth with equal force, which could be achieved using a squeeze press (simulating the mechanical dewatering of the dewatering module). Samples of the squeezed mud cake were taken from three locations, and the moisture content of the mud cake was measured. The average value was taken as the final value. Each experiment was conducted in triplicate, and the results were averaged from the three groups. The ideal dosage and conditioning scheme were determined by comparing the capillary absorption time (CST) and moisture content. After adding only CPAM to the original mud for flocculation, the average moisture content was 74.32%, and the CST was 31.1 s. If appropriate amounts of coal flotation agent and polyaluminum sulfate are added first, followed by CPAM, the average moisture content after pressing is 62.46%, and CST = 15.8 s. Experiments show that the coal flotation agent improves both CST and moisture content, and the improvement effect is better with higher dosages, although the rate of improvement decreases after reaching a maximum. Analysis of the change rates of CST and moisture content shows that they are most pronounced at dosages of 10% and 5%, respectively. The dosage mentioned in this paper refers to the mass percentage of the added agent to the oven-dry matter. Based on our experimental experience and field tests, we recommend a coal flotation agent dosage range of 10-20%. Polyaluminum sulfate can also improve dewatering efficiency, but at the same dosage, its effect is not as good as that of coal flotation agent. However, for sludge from other sources, the effect of polyaluminum sulfate is not necessarily worse than that of coal flotation agent. Therefore, prior testing is necessary. While coal flotation agent is cheaper than polyaluminum sulfate, it increases the cost of subsequent wastewater purification. To this end, we developed a new conditioning agent based on the adsorption and flocculation mechanism of coal flotation agents and flocculants, which we named Dehydration Treasure (TSB). Laboratory tests showed that when TSB is used instead of CPAM, it can not only reduce the amount of inorganic conditioning agent added in the pretreatment (even to 0), but also reduce the moisture content by 10 percentage points.Meanwhile, the optimal dosage of TSB is similar to that of CPAM, both around 1%, while the cost of TSB is lower than that of CPAM. All these experimental results not only demonstrate that sludge conditioning with TSB, followed by concentration and pressure filtration, can reduce its moisture content, but also indicate that the conditioning, concentration, and dewatering technologies used in this system are highly efficient and low-cost.

[0027] The entire system is divided into two main modules: sorting and purification system 1 and sludge dewatering system 2, optimizing the original five steps into two systems. Sorting and purification system 1 separates waste and sand from the pumped sludge. Simultaneously, a portion of the filtrate produced in sludge dewatering system 2 is conditioned and flocculated in two reaction tanks, then purified into reusable clean water via a belt filter. The filtered sludge and sand-separated sludge are pumped together into the sludge purification system. In sludge dewatering system 2, the sludge undergoes conditioning and flocculation to modify it into easily dewaterable flocs, which are then pressed into low-moisture sludge cakes by an integrated thickening and dewatering machine. Most of the filtrate is discharged back into the sewer system, while a portion is pumped back to sorting and purification system 1 for further treatment as reusable clean water. This reusable clean water is used to dissolve chemicals and clean the filter cloth. The compact design saves space on-site, separating the initial sludge and the sludge samples involved in the water purification process for conditioning and dewatering, ensuring the efficiency of each. Because the properties of the substances change, the selection and dosage of reagents may need to be altered. The system requires clean water sourced from rivers and reservoirs. If the water quality and clarity of the on-site source meet the requirements, the water purification process of this system can be omitted, and all filter press water can be returned to the river. If clean water is unavailable on-site, a small amount of water needs to be carried during operation. After starting the water purification process, the filter press water is divided into two parts: water to be purified and return water. The purified water can be recycled by the system. This solves the problem of most on-site water shortages. In some work situations, such as dredging of well-managed reservoirs, where the dredging content is mainly silt with very little garbage and gravel, only the silt dewatering system 2 can be used.

[0028] For example, when dealing with most rainwater pipes, the pumped slurry mainly consists of garbage and sand, with relatively little silt. The garbage and sand can be separated using only the garbage sorter and multi-stage vibrating sand separator in the sorting and purification system 1; other equipment is unnecessary. Therefore, it is not necessary to transport the sludge dewatering system 2 to the site, which greatly improves work efficiency and reduces processing costs. Therefore, in terms of mechanical structure, it is designed as two independent parts: the sorting and purification system 1 and the sludge dewatering system 2. They can operate independently or work together through pipeline connections. The integrated sludge treatment system integrates waste sorting, sand and gravel separation, sludge stabilization and harmless treatment, sludge dewatering, and wastewater purification, effectively improving sludge dewatering rates and reducing transportation costs at each stage. Laboratory data tests demonstrate the feasibility of the system's conditioning, concentration, and dewatering technologies. Pilot-scale results prove that after conditioning and concentration, the moisture content of the sludge, after staged pressing, can be reduced to below 60%, indicating high system efficiency and low processing costs. Based on pilot-scale experience, the integrated equipment is designed as two main system modules that can operate independently, resulting in a compact device and flexible processing techniques for conditioning and filter press dewatering. Waste can be transported by truck to designated professional sites for further treatment, while purified water can be used as recycled water, filter press water can be directly returned to the pipeline network, sand can be reused or landfilled, and the treated sludge cake can be utilized as a resource, avoiding secondary pollution and addressing water scarcity. Furthermore, compared to other integrated technologies for river sludge treatment, this system requires no infrastructure costs.

[0029] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments that can be applied to other fields. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for collecting and removing silt from water conservancy projects, characterized in that, The system includes a sorting and purification system (1), a sludge dewatering system (2), and a dewatering recovery component (3). The sorting and purification system (1) includes a garbage sorting machine, a multi-stage vibrating sand separator, and a drainage filtration component. The garbage sorting machine separates large particles of impurities, which are then bagged. The remaining sludge enters the multi-stage vibrating sand separator, where sand is bagged according to the particle size. The sludge enters the sludge dewatering system (2) for further processing. The sludge dewatering system (2) includes a sludge conditioning and flocculation machine, a concentration and dewatering integrated machine, a chemical dosing device, and a cleaning device. The slurry after chemical dosing in the sludge conditioning and flocculation machine enters the concentration and dewatering integrated machine for further processing, generating backflow and dewatering. The backflow is discharged or enters the drainage filtration recovery component for further processing. The dewatering is bagged using the dewatering recovery component (3).

2. The sludge removal and water collection device for water conservancy projects as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The waste sorting machine includes a sorting box with a feed inlet at the top. Inside the sorting box are extrusion rollers, which are positioned below the feed inlet via a rotating shaft. The extrusion rollers include a first extrusion roller and a second extrusion roller, which are symmetrically arranged. The extrusion rollers squeeze the sludge together.

3. The sludge removal and water collection device for water conservancy projects as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A cutting device is located below the extrusion roller. The cutting device is installed horizontally inside the sorting box via a cutting plate. The cutting device includes a cutting motor, a cutting shaft, and cutting blades. The cutting motor is mounted on the cutting plate, and the output shaft of the cutting motor is connected to the cutting shaft. The cutting blades are evenly distributed on the cutting shaft.

4. The sludge removal and water collection device for water conservancy projects as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-stage vibrating sand separator includes an outer screen cylinder, connecting rods, and an inner screen cylinder. The inner screen cylinder is located inside the outer screen cylinder. Two sets of connecting rods are provided, which are symmetrically fixed to the inner sides of both ends of the outer screen cylinder and fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner screen cylinder to achieve the connection between the inner and outer screen cylinders. The outer and inner screen cylinders are respectively provided with secondary screening holes and primary screening holes. The mesh size of the primary screening hole is smaller than that of the secondary screening hole, thereby achieving the screening of stone materials of different particle sizes.

5. The sludge removal and water collection device for water conservancy projects as described in claim 4, characterized in that, A connecting column is fixedly connected between the inner side of the outer screen cylinder and the outer side of the inner screen cylinder. A self-weight impact hammer is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the connecting column. When the connecting column rotates with the outer screen cylinder to tilt downwards, the self-weight impact hammer slides along the outer wall of the connecting column to impact the inner wall of the outer screen cylinder, thereby achieving a knocking vibration on the outer screen cylinder. When the connecting column rotates with the outer screen cylinder to tilt upwards, the self-weight impact hammer slides along the outer wall of the connecting column to impact the outer wall of the inner screen cylinder, thereby achieving a knocking vibration on the inner screen cylinder.

6. The sludge removal and water collection device for water conservancy projects as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage filtration assembly includes a two-compartment reaction tank and a belt filter. The sludge is conditioned and flocculated by adding chemicals in the two-compartment reaction tank, and then filtered by the belt filter before entering the thickening and dewatering integrated machine for further processing.

7. The sludge removal and water collection device for water conservancy projects as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The integrated concentration and dehydration machine includes multiple dehydration zones, including independent dehydration zones and continuous dehydration zones. The independent dehydration zones include an independent gravity concentration dehydration zone located at the upper part of one end of the frame, which includes a first feeding device, an independent mesh belt, an independent drive roller, a mesh belt alignment roller, a support roller, and a mesh belt tensioning roller. The continuous dehydration zones include a main gravity concentration dehydration zone located below the independent gravity concentration dehydration zone and equipped with a second feeding device, a steel belt pressing dehydration zone located at the other end of the frame, and a rotary roller dehydration zone. A wedge-shaped dehydration zone is provided between the lower part of the independent gravity concentration dehydration zone and the upper part of the main gravity concentration dehydration zone. The rotary roller dehydration zone is connected to the wedge-shaped dehydration zone.

8. The sludge removal and water collection device for water conservancy projects as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The wedge-shaped dewatering zone includes an inclined lower mesh belt and an upper mesh belt. The rotary roller dewatering zone includes multiple rotary guide rollers that are staggered vertically. The upper mesh belt overlaps with the lower mesh belt and is wound around the rotary guide rollers. The steel strip pressing dewatering zone includes a pressing zone center roller. Pressing zone drive rollers and pressing zone driven rollers are provided on both sides of the pressing zone center roller. Pressing zone alignment rollers and pressing zone tension rollers are installed below the pressing zone center roller. The pressing zone alignment rollers are connected to the pressing zone alignment device. The pressing zone tension rollers are connected to the pressing zone pressurization device and the pressing zone tension synchronization device. The pressing zone center roller, pressing zone drive roller, pressing zone driven roller, pressing zone alignment roller, and pressing zone tension roller are driven by a high-strength belt. The upper and lower mesh belts are wound around the pressing zone center roller, pressing zone drive roller, and pressing zone driven roller.

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