Wear-resistant mute floor and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of floors, in particular to a wear-resistant mute floor and a preparation method thereof.The floor sequentially comprises a UV layer, a transparent sheet layer, a color film layer, an LVT layer, a wood-plastic layer and a ground mat layer from top to bottom. The UV layer comprises a specific double-layer microcapsule, KH570 modified hollow nano SiO2 and polyurethane modified talcum powder, so that the coating is endowed with a self-repairing function, high hardness and excellent storage stability. And the wood-plastic layer contains a maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene coupling agent, so that firm interlayer bonding is ensured. The product has wear resistance, self-repairing performance and mute performance, and the problems that a traditional floor is single in function, prone to being scratched, large in noise and poor in environmental protection performance are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of flooring material technology, specifically relating to a wear-resistant and sound-absorbing floor and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] As consumers increasingly demand comfort, safety, and environmental friendliness in their living environments, traditional wooden flooring and ordinary PVC flooring have revealed numerous problems during use, such as easy scratching, high noise levels, poor durability, and the release of harmful substances like formaldehyde. Although existing technologies have attempted to achieve self-healing functions by adding microcapsules, these generally suffer from uneven dispersion of microcapsules in high-solids UV coating systems, weak interfacial bonding, and premature rupture, making it difficult to simultaneously meet the requirements of high transparency, high hardness, and flexibility. Furthermore, conventional sound-absorbing layers often use a single foam material, which suffers from poor resilience, large long-term compression deformation, and insufficient environmental friendliness. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of flooring product that combines high wear resistance, low noise, self-healing properties, no formaldehyde release, and strong process adaptability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a wear-resistant and sound-absorbing floor and its preparation method, which solves the technical problems of insufficient wear resistance, lack of self-healing ability, poor sound insulation, easy yellowing and poor environmental performance of existing floor products.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] The technical solution provided by this invention is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a wear-resistant and sound-absorbing floor, wherein the wear-resistant and sound-absorbing floor comprises, from top to bottom, a UV layer, a transparent sheet layer, a colored film layer, an LVT layer, a wood-plastic composite layer, and a floor mat layer.

[0007] Preferably, the thickness of the UV layer is 28-32 μm.

[0008] Preferably, the transparent sheet is PET or PMMA with a thickness of 0.1-0.3 mm.

[0009] Preferably, the color filter layer is selected from one of PET color filter, PETG color filter and TPU color filter, and has a thickness of 0.05-0.15 mm.

[0010] Preferably, the LVT layer comprises an upper dense layer and a lower micro-foamed layer, which are integrally formed by co-extrusion process, with a total thickness of 1.0-5.0 mm.

[0011] The dense layer provides excellent surface smoothness and mechanical strength, while the micro-foamed layer forms a uniform closed-cell structure, which has both buffering and noise reduction functions.

[0012] Preferably, the thickness of the wood-plastic layer is 3-5 mm.

[0013] Preferably, the floor mat layer is selected from one of IXPE, XPE, HDPE, and PP, and has a thickness of 0.5-2.5mm.

[0014] Through the above technical solutions: the UV layer, as the outermost protective layer, provides high hardness, high transparency, wear resistance, and light-triggered self-healing function; the transparent sheet layer enhances the overall structural stability and protects the underlying colored film; the colored film layer is a high-resolution printed film with wood grain, stone grain, or other decorative patterns; the LVT layer is composed of PVC resin, plasticizer, stabilizer, and filler, providing the main structural strength and flexibility; the wood-plastic composite layer (WPC) is composed of wood powder and thermoplastic plastic, combining the texture of wood with the weather resistance of plastic, providing good dimensional stability; the floor mat layer further enhances sound insulation, moisture resistance, and foot comfort.

[0015] Preferably, the wood-plastic layer is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts dried wood powder, 40-70 parts PVC resin, 1-3 parts coupling agent, 0.5-2 parts lubricant, and 1-3 parts heat stabilizer; the components are mixed in a high-speed mixer at 105-115°C for 8-12 minutes, transferred to a conical twin-screw extruder, and extruded at 170-185°C. After being shaped by pressure rollers and cooled and pulled, the wood-plastic layer is obtained.

[0016] Preferably, the coupling agent is maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene; the lubricant is calcium stearate; and the heat stabilizer is a calcium-zinc composite stabilizer.

[0017] Preferably, the UV layer is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts hyperbranched polyurethane acrylate, 10-30 parts polyurethane acrylate resin (PUA), 25-35 parts 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA), 5-7 parts double-layer UV topcoat microcapsules, 3-5 parts photoinitiator, 0.9-1.2 parts functional filler, 1-2 parts matting agent, 0.3-0.8 parts wax powder, 0.1-0.3 parts defoamer, 0.2-0.4 parts dispersant, and 0.1-0.3 parts anti-settling agent, with a solid content greater than 98%.

[0018] Preferably, the functional filler is KH570 modified hollow nano-SiO2.

[0019] Preferably, the preparation method of the KH570 modified hollow nano-SiO2 includes the following steps:

[0020] Add 8-12g of hollow SiO2 to a pre-hydrolyzed solution consisting of 0.8-1.2g of γ-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH570), 8-12mL of deionized water, 64-96mL of anhydrous ethanol, and 0.16-0.24mL of glacial acetic acid. First, stir magnetically at room temperature for 20-40min, then disperse ultrasonically for 20-40min to obtain a suspension. Heat to 55-65℃ and stir at 400-600rpm for 5-7h under nitrogen protection. Cool to room temperature, collect the precipitate by suction filtration, wash 2-4 times with anhydrous ethanol, and finally vacuum dry at 55-65℃ for 10-14h to obtain KH570 modified hollow nano-SiO2 powder.

[0021] In the above process, the hydrolysis products of KH570 undergo condensation grafting with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of SiO2, achieving organic-inorganic interface compatibility.

[0022] Preferably, the defoamer is at least one of Byk 011, Byk 028, and Byketol WS.

[0023] Preferably, the dispersant is at least one of Byk 181 and Byk 187.

[0024] Preferably, the anti-settling agent is an oxidized polyethylene wax anti-settling agent (MONORAL 2000X).

[0025] Preferably, the photoinitiator is composed of 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone and benzophenone in a mass ratio of 2-3:1-2.

[0026] Preferably, the matting agent is polyurethane-modified talc.

[0027] Preferably, the preparation method of the polyurethane-modified talc powder includes the following steps:

[0028] Mix 80-120g of talc granules with 320-480g of water, add 1.6-2.4g of waterborne polyurethane (WPU), stir continuously and heat to 85-95℃, stir at 800-1000rpm for 55-65min, cool to room temperature, filter, and dry at 85-95℃ to obtain polyurethane modified talc powder.

[0029] In the above process, the hyperbranched polyurethane acrylate contains carbonate groups and does not contain benzene ring structures. It has high crosslinking density, high hardness, excellent flexibility and excellent anti-yellowing properties, and can be directly used in high-performance ultraviolet (UV) curing topcoat systems.

[0030] Preferably, the preparation method of the hyperbranched polyurethane acrylate includes the following steps:

[0031] Mix 112-168g of poly(neoprene adipate) (PNA) with 48-72g of polycarbonate (PECD), and vacuum at 95-105℃ for 0.8-1.2h. Then cool to 65-75℃, add 71-106.6g of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and 0.016-0.024g of catalyst dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTDL), and heat to 85-95℃ to react. Monitor the presence of isocyanate groups (-NCO) in the system using di-n-butylamine titration. When the mass fraction of the polyol decreases to 8.5-8.9%, 128-192g of hyperbranched polyester polyol is added; the reaction continues until the -NCO content decreases to 2.8-3.0%, then 71.5-107.3g of pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA) is added for acrylate end-capping. The reaction continues until the characteristic absorption peak of the isocyanate group (-NCO) is no longer detected at 2270cm⁻¹ by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thus obtaining hyperbranched polyurethane acrylate.

[0032] In the above process, polycarbonate diol (PECD) is used as the main chain. It does not contain benzene ring structure and introduces carbon dioxide groups. It has high crosslinking density, excellent flexibility and excellent anti-yellowing properties, and is suitable for high-performance UV curing systems.

[0033] Preferably, the preparation method of the double-layer UV topcoat microcapsules includes the following steps:

[0034] S1: In a water bath at 45-55℃, slowly add 7-10g of UV topcoat to 18-22mL of 4% gum arabic aqueous solution, emulsify at high speed of 2000-2400rpm for 25-35min, and then sonicate for 8-12min to form an oil-in-water core material emulsion; slowly add 18-22mL of 1% chitosan acetic acid solution to the above emulsion, adjust the pH of the system to 3.3-3.7 with glacial acetic acid, maintain at 45-55℃ and stir at 750-850rpm for 25-35min, then add 0.6-1.0g of tannic acid, stir at 550-650rpm at room temperature for crosslinking for 1.5-2.5h, and then let stand for 22-26h to obtain a microcapsule suspension;

[0035] In the above process, positively charged chitosan and negatively charged gum arabic form a dense composite aggregate layer on the surface of UV topcoat droplets through electrostatic complexation; tannic acid further reacts with the amino groups of chitosan to enhance the mechanical strength and solvent resistance of the capsule wall.

[0036] S2: Add 0.8-1.2g TEOS, 0.2-0.4g KH570 and 0.08-0.12mL glacial acetic acid to the microcapsule suspension prepared in step S1, stir at 750-850rpm for 25-35min, then heat to 58-62℃ and react for 3.5-4.5h, spray dry to obtain bilayer microcapsules.

[0037] In the above process, TEOS undergoes acid-catalyzed hydrolysis and condensation on the surface of microcapsules, generating in situ a KH570-functionalized SiO2 hybrid shell.

[0038] Preferably, the spray drying method involves pumping the feed into the spray dryer at a feed rate of 180-220 mL / h, and controlling the inlet air temperature at 140-160℃ and the outlet air temperature at 80-85℃.

[0039] Preferably, the 1% chitosan acetic acid solution is prepared by dissolving 0.80g of chitosan in 79.20g of a 1% acetic acid aqueous solution.

[0040] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for preparing wear-resistant and sound-absorbing flooring, comprising the following steps:

[0041] Step (1) The colored film is bonded to the surface of the LVT layer with PUR hot melt adhesive, and then pressed by a roller press to remove air bubbles. Then, PUR hot melt adhesive is applied to the colored film layer, the transparent film layer is bonded, and it is rolled and cured again to form a decorative composite board.

[0042] Step (2) involves coating the transparent layer of the composite substrate with a UV topcoat and then placing it in a nitrogen-protected UV curing equipment at an UV intensity of 800-1200 mJ / cm. 2 Irradiate downwards for 10-30 seconds to obtain the upper composite plate;

[0043] Step (3) Apply PUR hot melt adhesive to the bottom surface of the LVT layer of the upper composite board and the surface of the wood-plastic layer, roll them together initially, then apply PUR hot melt adhesive to the bottom surface of the wood-plastic layer and attach the floor mat material to form a composite structure.

[0044] Step (4) The stacked structure is fed into a hot press and hot-pressed at a temperature of 100-150℃, a pressure of 0.5-1.0MPa, and a time of 1-3min to firmly bond the layers together. After cooling, the edges are trimmed and grooved to obtain a wear-resistant and soundproof floor.

[0045] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0046] 1. This invention uses hyperbranched polyurethane acrylate without benzene rings as the main resin, whose aliphatic polycarbonate backbone inhibits UV-induced yellowing from a molecular structure perspective. Simultaneously, the chitosan-tannic acid / SiO2-KH570 bilayer microcapsules, with an inner layer encapsulating a polymerizable repair agent and an outer layer of a hybrid shell chemically bonded to the resin matrix, solve the core problems of poor dispersion and weak interface of microcapsules in high-solids UV systems, achieving highly efficient photo-triggered self-repair after scratches.

[0047] 2. This invention uses KH570 to graft hollow nano-SiO2 onto the surface and waterborne polyurethane (WPU) to coat talc powder, which significantly improves their dispersibility and interfacial bonding in the resin matrix, thereby synergistically endowing the coating with high hardness, high wear resistance and excellent storage stability.

[0048] 3. The micro-foamed structure of the LVT layer in this invention forms a gradient buffer with the bottom mat layer, efficiently absorbing impact energy. The entire process uses solvent-free PUR hot melt adhesive and high-solids UV coating, combined with the coupling agent in the wood-plastic layer to strengthen the interface, enabling the product to achieve excellent sound insulation while meeting the highest environmental standards for formaldehyde emission. Attached Figure Description

[0049] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0050] Figure 1 This is a photograph of the wear-resistant and sound-absorbing flooring of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 This is a photograph of the wear-resistant and sound-absorbing flooring of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 3 This is a line graph showing the sound insulation performance of the wear-resistant and sound-absorbing floor of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 4 This is a bar chart showing the wear resistance performance of the wear-resistant and sound-absorbing flooring of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] This embodiment discloses a method for preparing KH570 modified hollow nano-SiO2, including the following steps:

[0057] 10g of hollow nano-SiO2 was added to a pre-hydrolyzed solution consisting of 1g KH570, 10mL deionized water, 80mL anhydrous ethanol, and 0.2mL glacial acetic acid. The solution was first magnetically stirred at room temperature for 30min, then ultrasonically dispersed for 30min to obtain a suspension. The temperature was raised to 60℃, and the mixture was stirred at 500rpm for 6h under nitrogen protection. After cooling to room temperature, the precipitate was collected by filtration, washed three times with ethanol, and finally dried in a vacuum oven at 60℃ for 12h to obtain KH570 modified hollow nano-SiO2 powder.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] This embodiment discloses a method for preparing polyurethane-modified talc, comprising the following steps:

[0060] Mix 100g of talc granules with 400g of water, disperse by high-speed stirring, add 2g of WPU, continue stirring and heat to 90℃, stir at 900rpm for 60min to make WPU uniformly coat the surface of talc, cool to room temperature, filter, and dry at 90℃ for 12h to obtain polyurethane modified talc powder.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] This embodiment discloses a method for preparing hyperbranched polyurethane acrylate, including the following steps:

[0063] 140g PNA and 60g PECD were mixed and vacuumed at 100℃ for 1 hour. The mixture was then cooled to 70℃, and 88.8g IPDI and 0.02g DBTDL were added. The mixture was heated to 90℃ to react. The isocyanate group (-NCO) content in the system was monitored by di-n-butylamine titration. When the mass fraction decreased to 8.7%, 160g of hyperbranched polyester polyol Boltorn™ H2004 was added. The reaction continued until the -NCO content decreased to 2.9%, at which point 89.4g PETA was added for acrylate end-capping. The reaction continued until the Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR) was at 2270 cm⁻¹. -1 Hyperbranched polyurethane acrylate is obtained by stopping the detection of the characteristic absorption peak of the isocyanate group (-NCO) at the point where no characteristic absorption peak of the isocyanate group (-NCO) can be detected.

[0064] Example 4

[0065] This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a UV topcoat, including the following steps:

[0066] 35g of hyperbranched polyurethane acrylate prepared in Example 3, 20g of PUA, 30g of HDDA, 6g of bilayer microcapsules prepared in Example 5, 4g of photoinitiator, 1.0g of KH570-SiO2 prepared in Example 1, 1.5g of polyurethane-modified talc prepared in Example 2, 0.2g of Byk 011 defoamer, 0.3g of Byk 181 dispersant, 0.2g of MONORAL 2000X anti-settling agent, and 0.5g of wax powder were mixed and dispersed at high speed for 30min, and then defoamed under a vacuum of -0.095MPa for 15min to obtain a UV topcoat.

[0067] The photoinitiator is a compound of 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone and benzophenone in a mass ratio of 2.5:1.5.

[0068] Example 5

[0069] This embodiment discloses a method for preparing double-layer UV topcoat microcapsules, including the following steps:

[0070] S1: In a 50°C water bath, 8.8g of the UV topcoat prepared in Example 4 was slowly added to 20mL of a 4% gum arabic aqueous solution. The mixture was sheared at 2200rpm for 30min and then sonicated for 10min to form an oil-in-water core material emulsion. 20mL of a 1% chitosan acetic acid solution was slowly added dropwise to the above emulsion. The pH of the system was adjusted to 3.5 with glacial acetic acid. The mixture was stirred at 50°C and 800rpm for 30min. Then, 0.8g of tannic acid was added and the mixture was stirred at 600rpm for 2h at room temperature for crosslinking. The mixture was then allowed to stand for 24h to mature, resulting in a microcapsule suspension.

[0071] The 1% chitosan acetic acid solution was prepared by dissolving 0.80g of chitosan in 79.20g of a 1% acetic acid aqueous solution.

[0072] S2: Add 1g TEOS, 0.3g KH570 and 0.1mL glacial acetic acid to the microcapsule suspension prepared in step S1, stir at 800rpm for 30min, then heat to 60℃ and react for 4h, spray dry to obtain bilayer microcapsules.

[0073] Spray drying method: Pump the feed into the spray dryer at a feed rate of 200 mL / h, and control the inlet air temperature at 150℃ and the outlet air temperature at 82℃.

[0074] Example 6

[0075] This embodiment discloses an LVT layer, which is composed of a dense layer and a micro-foamed layer, with a total thickness of 2mm.

[0076] The raw materials for the dense layer, by weight, include: 100g of PVC resin, 60-80g of calcium carbonate, 35g of plasticizer, and 4g of heat stabilizer;

[0077] The raw materials for the micro-foamed layer, by weight, include: 100g of PVC resin, 3g of AC foaming agent, 45g of calcium carbonate, 25g of plasticizer, and 4g of heat stabilizer.

[0078] The dense layer material is fed into the first extruder, and the micro-foamed layer material is fed into the second extruder, where they are melted and plasticized at 175°C and 165°C, respectively. The two layers are then combined through a co-extrusion die and a T-shaped co-extrusion die. After being shaped and cut by a 30°C cooling roller group, the LVT layer is obtained.

[0079] Example 7

[0080] This embodiment discloses a method for preparing wear-resistant and sound-absorbing flooring, including the following steps:

[0081] Step (1) A color filter layer with a thickness of 0.1 mm is bonded to the surface of the LVT layer prepared in Example 6 using PUR hot melt adhesive. The layer is then compacted and degassed using a two-roll press with a linear pressure of 30 N / mm. Subsequently, the same PUR hot melt adhesive is applied to the color filter layer, and a PMMA transparent sheet layer with a thickness of 0.2 mm is bonded to it. The layer is then rolled and cured again to form a decorative composite board.

[0082] Step (2) Coat the transparent layer of the decorative composite substrate with the UV topcoat prepared in Example 4, control the wet film thickness to 30 μm, and send it into a nitrogen-protected UV curing equipment at an ultraviolet intensity of 1000 mJ / cm. 2 Irradiate downwards for 10-30 seconds to obtain the upper composite plate;

[0083] Step (3) Flip the upper composite board, apply PUR hot melt adhesive to the bottom surface of the LVT layer and the surface of the wood-plastic layer, roll it initially after bonding, apply PUR hot melt adhesive to the bottom surface of the wood-plastic layer, and bond an IXPE floor mat with a thickness of 1.5mm to form a stacked structure.

[0084] Step (4) The stacked structure is fed into a hot press and hot-pressed for 2 minutes at a temperature of 120°C and a pressure of 0.8MPa. After cooling to below 50°C, the structure is demolded, trimmed, and the locking groove is opened to obtain a wear-resistant and soundproof floor.

[0085] The wood-plastic composite layer is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50g dried wood powder, 60g PVC resin, 2g maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, 1g calcium stearate, and 2g calcium-zinc composite stabilizer. The components are mixed in a high-speed mixer at 100°C for 10 minutes, then transferred to a conical twin-screw extruder and extruded at 180°C. After being shaped by pressure rollers and cooled and pulled, a wood-plastic composite layer with a thickness of 4mm is obtained.

[0086] Example 8

[0087] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 7 is that: the color film layer is a TPU color film with a thickness of 0.08mm; the transparent sheet layer is a PET with a thickness of 0.1mm; the floor mat layer is an XPE with a thickness of 1.0mm; the hot pressing conditions are 100℃, 0.5MPa, and 3min, and the remaining steps are the same as in embodiment 7.

[0088] Example 9

[0089] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 7 is that the UV layer thickness is 28μm; the wood-plastic layer thickness is 3mm; and the total thickness of the LVT layer is 1.5mm. The remaining steps are the same as in embodiment 7.

[0090] Example 10

[0091] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 7 is that the UV layer thickness is 32μm; the transparent sheet layer is PMMA with a thickness of 0.3mm; the floor mat layer is HDPE with a thickness of 2.5mm; the hot pressing conditions are 150℃, 1.0 MPa, and 1 min, and the remaining steps are the same as in embodiment 7.

[0092] Example 11

[0093] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 7 is that: the color film layer is a PETG color film with a thickness of 0.15mm; the wood-plastic layer has a thickness of 5mm; the total thickness of the LVT layer is 2.5mm, of which the dense layer is 1.5mm and the micro-foamed layer is 1.0mm, and the remaining steps are the same as in embodiment 7.

[0094] Comparative Example 1

[0095] The difference between this comparative example and Example 7 is that the UV topcoat does not contain double-layer UV topcoat microcapsules, while the other components and preparation steps are exactly the same.

[0096] Comparative Example 2

[0097] The difference between this comparative example and Example 7 is that the functional filler used is unmodified hollow nano-SiO2, otherwise they are the same.

[0098] Comparative Example 3

[0099] The difference between this comparative example and Example 7 is that the maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene coupling agent is omitted in the wood-plastic composite layer formulation, while the rest are the same.

[0100] Comparative Example 4

[0101] The difference between this comparative example and Example 7 is that the matting powder in the UV topcoat is unmodified ordinary talc powder, while the other components and preparation steps are exactly the same.

[0102] Performance testing:

[0103] 1. Storage stability (sedimentation) test: The UV topcoat used in Example 7 and Comparative Example 4 was placed into a 100mL graduated cylinder, sealed, and placed in a 50℃ constant temperature oven for accelerated storage for 7 days. The sedimentation was observed. After pouring out the supernatant, the mass of the bottom non-dispersible precipitate was weighed. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0104] 2. Noise Reduction Performance Test Method: Drop ball test: The maximum decibel value during drop is measured using a decibel meter. Drop ball mass (g) 65, drop ball height (cm) 100, measurement distance from sound source (m) 1m, repeated 5 times, average maximum sound pressure level (dB) is recorded; Formaldehyde emission E1 ≤ 1.5mg / L; Abrasion Resistance Test: CS-10 friction wheel, load 1000g, until obvious loss of gloss or wear exposing the substrate is observed, record the number of abrasion revolutions; Household Class II requirement ≥ 4000 revolutions; Surface Hardness (H); Yellowing Resistance Test: Placed in a xenon lamp aging test chamber (blackboard temperature 63±3℃, relative humidity 50±5%, light cycle: 102min light, 18min light, spray, cumulative irradiation energy 1000 kJ / m²). 2 (Approximately 1000 hours); Measure the color difference ΔEab before and after aging using a colorimeter; ΔE<1.5 is excellent, 1.5-3.0 is good, and >3.0 indicates significant yellowing;

[0105] Apply 500g force to the coated surface five times with #0000 steel wool to create visible scratches; then apply a 365nm UV LED light (intensity 50mW / cm²) to the surface. 2 The scratched area was irradiated for 30 minutes, and the change in scratch depth was measured. The repair level was visually assessed as follows: Level 5: Complete healing, no trace; Level 4: Basic healing, only slight trace; Level 3: Partial healing, width reduced by 50%; Level 2: Slight healing, width reduced by <30%; Level 1: No change. The test results of Examples 7-11 and Comparative Examples 1-4 are shown in Table 2.

[0106] Table 1

[0107]

[0108] Table 2

[0109]

[0110] Based on the test results shown in Tables 1 and 2, and in conjunction with the comparative analysis of Examples 1-11 and Comparative Examples 1-4, the wear-resistant and sound-absorbing flooring prepared by this invention exhibits excellent comprehensive performance. A comparison between Comparative Example 1 and Examples 7-11 shows that the UV coating without the double-layer microcapsules described in this invention lacks self-healing capabilities; however, this invention, through strong interfacial bonding between the microcapsule shell and the resin matrix and system optimization, maintains and even further enhances the wear resistance and surface hardness of the examples compared to the basic formulation.

[0111] A comparison of Comparative Examples 2 and 4 with Example 7 shows that directly using unmodified hollow nano-SiO2 or ordinary talc powder will lead to serious performance defects in the UV topcoat: reduced film hardness and abrasion resistance, and severe sedimentation of the talc powder during storage, making it impossible to redisperse. A comparison of Comparative Example 3 with Example 7 shows that when maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene coupling agent is omitted from the wood-plastic composite layer, the impact noise from a falling ball on the floor increases significantly. The formaldehyde emission levels of all examples are far superior to the national E1 standard (≤1.5 mg / L). Comparative Example 3, due to interface defects, has a higher formaldehyde emission level, which conversely confirms the sealing effect of a good interface bond. Simultaneously, the coating shows little color difference change after accelerated aging, indicating excellent resistance to yellowing and the ability to maintain its decorative appearance for a long time.

[0112] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0113] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to specific implementations. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A wear-resistant and sound-absorbing floor, characterized in that, From top to bottom, it includes a UV layer, a transparent film layer, a color film layer, an LVT layer, a wood-plastic composite layer, and a floor mat layer; The UV layer is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts hyperbranched polyurethane acrylate, 10-30 parts polyurethane acrylate resin (PUA), 25-35 parts 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA), 5-7 parts double-layer UV topcoat microcapsules, 3-5 parts photoinitiator, 0.9-1.2 parts functional filler, 1-2 parts matting agent, 0.3-0.8 parts wax powder, 0.1-0.3 parts defoamer, 0.2-0.4 parts dispersant, and 0.1-0.3 parts anti-settling agent.

2. The wear-resistant and sound-absorbing flooring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the double-layer UV topcoat microcapsules includes the following steps: S1: In a water bath, UV topcoat is slowly added to gum arabic aqueous solution, emulsified by high-speed shearing, and then ultrasonically treated to form an oil-in-water core material emulsion; chitosan acetic acid solution is slowly added dropwise to the above emulsion, the pH of the system is adjusted to 3.3-3.7 with glacial acetic acid, stirred, tannic acid is added and crosslinked at room temperature, and then allowed to stand for aging to obtain microcapsule suspension; S2: Add TEOS, KH570 and glacial acetic acid to the microcapsule suspension prepared in step S1, stir and heat to react, and spray dry to obtain bilayer microcapsules.

3. The wear-resistant and sound-absorbing flooring according to claim 2, characterized in that, The preparation method of the hyperbranched polyurethane acrylate includes the following steps: PNA and PECD are mixed, vacuumed, and cooled to 65-75℃. Then IPDI and catalyst are added, and the temperature is raised to 85-95℃ for reaction. Hyperbranched polyester polyol is added to continue the reaction, and then PETA is added for acrylate end capping until the isocyanate groups of the system are completely consumed, thus obtaining hyperbranched polyurethane acrylate.

4. The wear-resistant and sound-absorbing flooring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The LVT layer is integrally formed by co-extrusion of an upper dense layer and a lower micro-foamed layer, with a total thickness of 1.0-5.0 mm; the wood-plastic layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts dried wood powder, 40-70 parts PVC resin, 1-3 parts maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene coupling agent, 0.5-2 parts lubricant, and 1-3 parts heat stabilizer.

5. The wear-resistant and sound-absorbing flooring according to claim 1, characterized in that, Hollow SiO2 and KH570 in an ethanol-water pre-hydrolyzed solution were mixed and dispersed, and then subjected to a silanization grafting reaction at 55-65℃ for 5-7 hours. The reaction was carried out under an inert atmosphere. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was filtered, washed and dried to obtain the KH570 modified hollow nano-SiO2 powder. The amount of KH570 used was 8-12% of the mass of the hollow SiO2.

6. The wear-resistant and sound-absorbing flooring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The matting agent is polyurethane-modified talc, and its preparation method includes the following steps: Talc particles and water are mixed, WPU is added, and the mixture is continuously stirred and heated to 85-95°C for 55-65 minutes. The mixture is then cooled to room temperature, filtered, and dried to obtain polyurethane-modified talc powder. The amount of WPU added is 1.6-2.4% of the mass of the talc particles.

7. A method for preparing a wear-resistant and sound-absorbing floor according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step (1) The colored film is bonded to the surface of the LVT layer with PUR hot melt adhesive, and then pressed by a roller press to remove air bubbles. Then, PUR hot melt adhesive is applied to the colored film layer, the transparent film layer is bonded, and it is rolled and cured again to form a decorative composite board. Step (2) Coat the transparent layer of the composite substrate with UV topcoat, and send it into a UV curing equipment under nitrogen protection for ultraviolet irradiation to obtain the upper composite board. Step (3) Apply PUR hot melt adhesive to the bottom surface of the LVT layer of the upper composite board and the surface of the wood-plastic layer, roll them together initially, then apply PUR hot melt adhesive to the bottom surface of the wood-plastic layer and attach the underlayment material to form a composite structure. Step (4) Hot-press the composite structure to solidify the layers, and after cooling, trim and groove the edges to obtain a wear-resistant and soundproof floor.

8. The method for preparing the wear-resistant and sound-absorbing floor according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step (2), the wet film thickness of the UV topcoat is 28-32 μm.

9. The method for preparing the wear-resistant and sound-absorbing floor according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step (2), the ultraviolet irradiation conditions are: ultraviolet irradiation intensity of 800-1200 mJ / cm². 2 The ultraviolet radiation exposure time is 10-30 seconds.

10. The method for preparing the wear-resistant and sound-absorbing floor according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step (4), the conditions for hot pressing are: temperature 100-150℃, pressure 0.5-1.0MPa, and time 1-3min.

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