Three-angle reversing electromagnetic valve, reversing fan and reversing method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fan reversing adjustment control, in particular to a three-angle reversing electromagnetic valve, a reversing fan and a reversing method. The electromagnetic valve comprises a main oil way, a reversing oil way and a return oil way, and the reversing oil way and the return oil way are connected in series in the main oil way after being connected in parallel; a first electromagnetic directional valve is arranged in the main oil way; the reversing oil way comprises a first reversing oil way and a second reversing oil way which are connected in parallel, the first reversing oil way is connected with a first pressure reducing valve and a second electromagnetic reversing valve in series, the second reversing oil way is provided with a second pressure reducing valve, and the pressure of the first pressure reducing valve is smaller than that of the second pressure reducing valve; a third electromagnetic directional valve is arranged on the return oil way, and one station of the third electromagnetic directional valve is a one-way conduction station. According to the invention, the problems of complex control structure, electromagnetic valve heating, unstable control and the like are solved, the structure is more compact, the energy consumption is reduced, and the reliability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fan commutation adjustment and control technology, and in particular to a three-angle commutation solenoid valve, a commutation fan, and a commutation method. Background Technology

[0002] The engine cooling system primarily dissipates heat by directly or indirectly driving a cooling fan through the engine's output shaft. In agricultural machinery and certain specialized vehicles, the operating environment of the cooling fan is more complex. During prolonged suction cooling, the fan can easily attract debris from the environment onto the radiator fins, leading to decreased cooling efficiency and, in severe cases, engine overheating or even shutdown. To address this issue, commutator fans with adjustable blade angles have emerged on the market. By changing the fan blade angle, the fan can switch between suction cooling and backflushing for debris removal, thus maintaining the normal operation of the cooling system without additional cleaning operations. Currently, most maturely used commutator fans employ hydraulic or pneumatic drives, using a combination of ordinary solenoid valves and pressure reducing valves to output stable control pressure to the internal drive cylinder of the fan, achieving the switching between the two blade angles.

[0003] Existing two-angle reversing fan control devices typically consist of a pressure reducing valve and a solenoid reversing valve. The pressure source enters through port P. When the first solenoid reversing valve YA1 is energized, the pressurized oil, after being regulated by the P1 pressure reducing valve, is output from port A to the fan, driving the fan to switch to the second angle state. After YA1 is de-energized, the fan releases pressure through port T and returns to the initial angle under the action of the return spring. While this two-angle control scheme can meet basic heat dissipation and backflushing impurity removal requirements, it cannot provide multi-stage adjustment of fan airflow, and is insufficient in terms of energy saving and precise control.

[0004] To address the aforementioned limitations, existing technology (CN219345043U) discloses a three-angle commutator fan solution. This solution allows the fan to operate at three different angles by inputting different levels of control pressure, corresponding to three operating modes: heat dissipation, impurity removal, and energy saving. However, this solution has the following problems in practical applications: First, the device requires adjustment of the fan input pressure. Since there is only one fan input pressure port, conventional control valves are needed to achieve two pressure outputs. Furthermore, the output pressure ports of the two solenoid valves need to be combined into one and connected to the three-angle fan. To ensure that the two solenoid valves do not interfere with each other, each needs an additional check valve, resulting in a complex control structure and high cost. Second, currently, conventional solenoid valves are used to control the two pressure outputs. At different pressure outputs, the solenoid valves need to be energized for extended periods. Different models on the market operate in energy-saving modes for extended periods, leading to overheating of the solenoid valves. This further reduces their lifespan, increases the failure rate, and increases energy consumption, resulting in a poor user experience and wasted energy.

[0005] Furthermore, existing technology (CN116838633A) discloses an energy-saving control device for an engine backflush fan. This device uses a combination of a proportional relief valve and a pressure sensor. A hydraulic circuit is constructed using components such as a motor, gear pump, proportional relief valve, two-position two-way solenoid valve, and accumulator. The pressure sensor monitors the pressure in real time. When the pressure reaches the target value, the motor and solenoid valve are shut off, and the cylinder pressure is maintained by the accumulator. Although this solution can theoretically achieve multiple pressure outputs, the overall structure is complex, involves numerous components, and has high manufacturing costs. Furthermore, while adjusting the current of the proportional relief valve to control the output pressure allows for stepless adjustment, the control process is significantly affected by current fluctuations and temperature, making pressure stability difficult to guarantee. Therefore, in practical applications, the control accuracy and reliability are insufficient. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a three-angle reversing solenoid valve, a reversing fan, and a reversing method, in order to solve problems such as complex control structure, high cost, overheating caused by prolonged energization of the solenoid valve, and unstable control. The structure is more compact, the control method is more reasonable, and energy consumption is reduced while reliability is improved.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions: A three-angle reversing solenoid valve includes a main oil circuit, a reversing oil circuit, and a return oil circuit. The reversing oil circuit and the return oil circuit are connected in parallel and then in series in the main oil circuit. A first solenoid reversing valve is provided in the main oil circuit. The reversing oil circuit includes a first reversing oil circuit and a second reversing oil circuit connected in parallel. A first pressure reducing valve and a second solenoid reversing valve are connected in series in the first reversing oil circuit. A second pressure reducing valve is provided in the second reversing oil circuit. The pressure of the first pressure reducing valve is less than the pressure of the second pressure reducing valve. A third solenoid reversing valve is provided in the return oil circuit. One position of the third solenoid reversing valve is a unidirectional conduction position.

[0008] Optionally, the first electromagnetic reversing valve is a two-position three-way valve, including port B, port C and port D. Port C and port D are located on one side, port B is connected to the main oil circuit, port C is connected to the pressure source input port P, and port D is connected to the return oil port T.

[0009] Optionally, the de-energized ports B and D of the first electromagnetic directional valve are connected, and the energized ports B and C of the first electromagnetic directional valve are connected.

[0010] Optionally, the second solenoid directional valve is a two-position two-way solenoid valve, including port E and port F. Port E is connected to the first solenoid directional valve, port F is connected to the first pressure reducing valve, and the oil outlet of the first pressure reducing valve and the oil outlet of the second pressure reducing valve are connected to the return port T.

[0011] Optionally, the de-energized E port and F port of the second electromagnetic directional valve are closed, and the energized E port and F port of the second electromagnetic directional valve are open.

[0012] Optionally, the third solenoid directional valve is a two-position two-way solenoid valve, including a G port and an H port. The G port is connected to the fan interface A, and the H port is connected to the first solenoid directional valve.

[0013] Optionally, the de-energized position of the third electromagnetic directional valve is unidirectionally connected from port H to port G, while the energized position of the third electromagnetic directional valve is connected at both ports G and H.

[0014] Optionally, a flow-limiting orifice is provided between the first electromagnetic reversing valve and the pressure source inlet.

[0015] This invention also provides a three-angle reversing fan, including the three-angle reversing solenoid valve as described above, as well as a three-angle fan and a solenoid valve controller. The solenoid valve controller outputs commands to control the three-angle reversing solenoid valve under different energizing conditions to achieve different pressure outputs and enable the fan to reach different angle states.

[0016] This invention also provides a commutation method for a three-angle commutating fan as described above, comprising: The first, second, and third solenoid directional valves are all de-energized. The three-angle directional solenoid valve outputs pressure at the initial pressure, and the three-angle directional fan maintains the first angle state. The first and second solenoid directional valves are energized, the third solenoid directional valve is de-energized, and the pressure is output through the third solenoid directional valve. At this time, the pressure is released through the first solenoid directional valve and the first pressure reducing valve. The three-angle directional solenoid valve outputs the pressure corresponding to the first pressure reducing valve. The three-angle directional fan maintains the second angle state. After a set time, the first and second solenoid directional valves are de-energized. When the first solenoid directional valve is energized, the second and third solenoid directional valves are de-energized. The pressure is output through the third solenoid directional valve. At this time, the pressure is released through the second pressure reducing valve. The three-angle directional solenoid valve outputs the pressure corresponding to the second pressure reducing valve. The three-angle directional fan maintains the third angle state. After a set duration, the first solenoid directional valve is de-energized. When the third solenoid directional valve is energized, the first and second solenoid directional valves are de-energized. The pressure is released through the third and first solenoid directional valves. The three-angle directional solenoid valve resumes its initial output pressure, and the three-angle directional fan returns to the first angle state. After a set duration, the third solenoid directional valve is de-energized.

[0017] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages: The three-angle reversing solenoid valve of this invention can output three different pressure values ​​to the fan interface under a single pressure input, corresponding to the three angle states of the fan. The first solenoid reversing valve acts as a master switch, controlling whether pressurized oil enters the subsequent oil circuit. The cooperation of the first pressure reducing valve, the second solenoid reversing valve, and the second pressure reducing valve regulates the output pressure. When the third solenoid reversing valve is energized, it releases pressure to restore the first angle state, while unidirectional conduction realizes the change between the second and third angle states. Furthermore, once the fan reaches the target angle, even if all solenoid valves are de-energized, the pressurized oil in the pipeline cannot flow back, thus utilizing the incompressibility of the oil to maintain pressure and sustain the fan angle. The parallel and series design of the main oil circuit, reversing oil circuit, and return oil circuit, combined with the different energization combinations of the three solenoid directional valves and the differential pressure setting of the two fixed-value pressure reducing valves, forms a complete pressure output and pressure holding system. The components work together to achieve the switching and maintenance of three pressure states. The solenoid valves do not need to be continuously energized when the fan is running at a certain angle for a long time, avoiding coil overheating, reducing energy consumption, and improving service life. Moreover, the solenoid valves have a high degree of integration and a simpler structure, which reduces costs. The differential pressure setting of the two fixed-value pressure reducing valves improves control accuracy and reliability compared to proportional relief valves.

[0018] Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. The drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In addition, the dimensions or spacing between the components are exaggerated to show the position of each component, and the schematic diagrams are for illustrative purposes only.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a three-angle reversing solenoid valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a three-angle commutator fan provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of changing from the first angle to the second angle provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of changing from the second angle to the third angle provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of switching from the third angle to the first angle provided in an embodiment of the present invention; In the diagram: 11. Main oil circuit; 12. First reversing oil circuit; 13. Second reversing oil circuit; 21. First solenoid reversing valve; 22. Second solenoid reversing valve; 23. Third solenoid reversing valve; 24. First pressure reducing valve; 25. Second pressure reducing valve; 26. Flow limiting orifice; 3. Solenoid valve controller; 4. Three-angle reversing solenoid valve; 5. Three-angle fan; Detailed Implementation It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0021] Example 1 like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment proposes a three-angle reversing solenoid valve 4, including a main oil circuit 11, a reversing oil circuit, and a return oil circuit. The reversing oil circuit and the return oil circuit are connected in parallel and then in series in the main oil circuit 11. A first solenoid reversing valve 21 is provided in the main oil circuit 11. The reversing oil circuit includes a first reversing oil circuit 12 and a second reversing oil circuit 13 connected in parallel. A first pressure reducing valve 24 and a second solenoid reversing valve 22 are connected in series in the first reversing oil circuit 12. A second pressure reducing valve 25 is provided in the second reversing oil circuit 13. The pressure of the first pressure reducing valve 24 is less than the pressure of the second pressure reducing valve 25, and the pressure of the second pressure reducing valve 25 is less than the pressure source inlet pressure. A third solenoid reversing valve 23 is provided in the return oil circuit. One position of the third solenoid reversing valve 23 is a unidirectional conduction position.

[0022] The main oil circuit 11 serves as the main channel for pressure transmission. The reversing oil circuit and the return oil circuit are connected in parallel and then in series in the main oil circuit 11. The pressure regulation of the reversing oil circuit and the pressure relief operation of the return oil circuit are both achieved through the main oil circuit 11. The compact pipeline layout and the coordinated cooperation between the oil circuits enable precise pressure transmission and orderly pressure relief.

[0023] The first solenoid directional valve 21 is installed in the main oil circuit 11 as the main control component for the pressure input of the entire solenoid valve. It can control whether the pressure source delivers pressure to the subsequent oil circuit, thus realizing the overall control of the pressure input.

[0024] The reversing oil circuit is divided into a first reversing oil circuit 12 and a second reversing oil circuit 13 connected in parallel. The two reversing oil circuits can independently achieve pressure regulation without interfering with each other. This eliminates the need for additional check valves, thus avoiding mutual influence between the oil circuits, simplifying the structure and reducing costs.

[0025] The second solenoid directional valve 22 controls the on / off state of the first directional oil circuit 12. By setting the pressure of the two pressure reducing valves, the pressure source can be reduced to two different fixed pressure values, meeting the pressure requirements of the three-angle directional fan during different angle switching. The pressure grading settings of the two pressure reducing valves achieve stable output at different pressures, ensuring consistent pressure output.

[0026] A third solenoid directional valve 23 is installed on the return oil circuit, with one of its positions being a one-way directional position. This one-way directional position allows pressure to be transmitted from the main oil circuit 11 to the fan interface during pressure output, while simultaneously blocking the reverse flow of pressure. After the solenoid valve is de-energized, a closed oil circuit structure is formed. This achieves stable pressure maintenance, eliminating the need for the solenoid valve to be energized for extended periods to maintain the fan angle. This fundamentally avoids the problems of overheating, reduced lifespan, high failure rate, and high energy consumption associated with prolonged solenoid valve energization.

[0027] The main oil circuit 11, with its overall control function, the dual-path pressure regulation function of the reversing oil circuit, and the unidirectional conduction and pressure relief function of the return oil circuit, work together to enable the entire solenoid valve to achieve three different pressure outputs through the on / off coordination of different valve components, meeting the control requirements of a three-angle reversing fan. This three-angle reversing solenoid valve 4 integrates multiple valve components and oil circuits into one unit, eliminating the need for additional valve components, resulting in a simple structure and low production cost. Simultaneously, the pressure-maintaining method during power-off reduces energy consumption, extends the service life of the solenoid valve, and lowers the failure rate.

[0028] The first electromagnetic reversing valve 21 is a two-position three-way valve, including port B, port C and port D. Port C and port D are located on one side. Port B is connected to the main oil circuit 11, port C is connected to the pressure source input port P, and port D is connected to the return oil port T.

[0029] The two-position three-way valve is the basis for realizing the opening and closing of the main oil circuit 11 and the direction switching. By changing the position of a valve core, it can realize the pressure oil entering the main oil circuit 11 from the P port, and it can also realize the connection between the main oil circuit 11 and the return oil port T, ensuring that the pressure oil can enter the reversing oil circuit or depressurize the system according to the design requirements.

[0030] The first electromagnetic reversing valve 21 is de-energized at port B and port D, and energized at port B and port C.

[0031] In the de-energized state, ports B and D are connected, and the main oil circuit 11 is connected to the return oil port T. Even if pressurized oil enters port P, it cannot enter the main oil circuit 11, and the system is in a depressurized or initial state. In the energized state, ports B and C are connected, and pressurized oil from the pressure source enters port B through port C, and then enters the main oil circuit 11, providing pressure for subsequent directional oil circuits. The first solenoid directional valve 21 is the master control switch for the entire system, working in conjunction with the unidirectional position of the third solenoid directional valve 23 to achieve pressure output and pressure holding. Through simple energization and de-energization control, the switching between the two states of pressurized oil entry and system depressurization can be achieved, with clear and reliable control logic.

[0032] The second electromagnetic reversing valve 22 is a two-position two-way electromagnetic valve, including port E and port F. Port E is connected to the first electromagnetic reversing valve 21, and port F is connected to the first pressure reducing valve 24. The oil outlet of the first pressure reducing valve 24 and the oil outlet of the second pressure reducing valve 25 are connected to the return port T.

[0033] The two-position two-way valve is used to control the opening and closing of the first reversing oil circuit 12. Port E is connected to the first solenoid reversing valve 21. After the pressurized oil comes from the main oil circuit 11, it passes through the second solenoid reversing valve 22 before entering the first pressure reducing valve 24. Port F is connected to the first pressure reducing valve 24. The oil outlets of the first pressure reducing valve 24 and the second pressure reducing valve 25 are both connected to the return port T. The pressurized oil is depressurized through the first pressure reducing valve 24, thereby regulating the pressure of the main oil circuit 11 at this time.

[0034] The second electromagnetic reversing valve 22 is closed at the de-energized position (ports E and F) and open at the energized position (ports E and F).

[0035] In the de-energized state, ports E and F are closed (or unidirectionally connected from port F to port E), the first reversing oil circuit 12 is cut off, and pressurized oil cannot enter the first pressure reducing valve 24. The pressurized oil is regulated through the second reversing oil circuit 13. In the energized state, ports E and F are open, and pressurized oil enters the first pressure reducing valve 24, causing the main oil circuit 11 to output the lower pressure corresponding to the first pressure reducing valve 24. When a lower pressure is required, the second solenoid reversing valve 22 is energized; when a higher pressure is required, the second solenoid reversing valve 22 is de-energized, and the pressurized oil automatically flows through the second reversing oil circuit 13. The two circuits do not interfere with each other.

[0036] The third electromagnetic reversing valve 23 is a two-position two-way electromagnetic valve, including a G port and an H port. The G port is connected to the fan interface A, and the H port is connected to the first electromagnetic reversing valve 21.

[0037] Port G connects to fan interface A and is directly connected to the drive cylinder of the three-angle fan 5. Port H connects to the first solenoid directional valve 21, allowing the fan interface to connect to the oil tank through this valve. The third solenoid directional valve 23 is a key node for controlling the entry of pressurized oil into the fan and the return of oil from the fan, enabling the third solenoid directional valve 23 to participate in both pressure output and pressure relief return processes simultaneously. It has a compact structure and high functional integration.

[0038] The third electromagnetic reversing valve 23 is unidirectionally connected from port H to port G in its de-energized position, and is connected in both port G and port H in its energized position.

[0039] The unidirectional flow characteristic of the de-energized position allows pressurized oil to flow from port H to port G (entering the fan interface), but not from port G back to port H (returning from the fan interface). Once pressurized oil enters the fan through this valve, even if both the first and second solenoid directional valves 21 and 22 are de-energized, the pressurized oil cannot flow back through the third solenoid directional valve 23, thus remaining sealed within the fan cylinder and pipeline. The incompressibility of the oil maintains pressure, keeping the fan stably in its current position. In the energized position, ports G and H are bidirectionally open, opening the return oil channel. The sealed pressurized oil can flow from the fan interface back to the first solenoid directional valve 21 via ports G and H, and then release pressure through the return port T, allowing the fan to return to its initial angle. This achieves the function of maintaining the fan angle without prolonged energization of the solenoid valve, solving the problem of overheating during prolonged energization.

[0040] Furthermore, to achieve controllable commutation speed of the commutating fan, a flow-limiting orifice 26 is provided between the first electromagnetic commutating valve 21 and the pressure source inlet. By controlling the minimum flow diameter, the fan angle switching speed can be further adjusted to avoid excessive impact on the product due to excessive speed, which could lead to fan malfunction or damage. The minimum flow diameter ФL can be any diameter between Ф0.1mm and Ф6mm, with Ф0.5mm, Ф1mm, Ф1.5mm, and Ф2mm being preferred.

[0041] Example 2 This embodiment provides a three-angle commutating fan, such as Figure 2 As shown, the device includes a three-angle reversing solenoid valve 4 as described in Embodiment 1, a three-angle fan 5, and a solenoid valve controller 3. The solenoid valve controller 3 outputs commands to control different energization combinations of the three solenoid reversing valves in the three-angle reversing solenoid valve 4, thereby achieving different pressure outputs and ultimately enabling the three-angle fan 5 to reach different angle states.

[0042] The solenoid valve controller 3 can be an existing controller in the vehicle or a specially added control unit. Based on the driver's operating commands or the vehicle's operating status, it automatically selects and outputs corresponding control signals to control the energization and de-energization of the first solenoid directional valve 21, the second solenoid directional valve 22, and the third solenoid directional valve 23. The three-angle fan 5 is the actuator; its internal drive cylinder, upon receiving different pressures, pushes the fan blades to rotate to three corresponding preset angles, achieving three functions: heat dissipation, impurity removal, and energy saving. This achieves automated control of the fan angle, eliminating the need for manual operation by the driver, and the control logic is simple and reliable. The three-angle directional solenoid valve 4, as the core component, features a highly integrated design that makes the entire system compact, easy to install, and less expensive than traditional solutions using multiple independent valves. Furthermore, since the solenoid valve does not require prolonged energization to maintain the angle, the overall system consumes less energy, generates less heat, and has higher reliability.

[0043] Example 3 This embodiment provides a commutation method for the three-angle commutating fan described in Embodiment 2, including: The first solenoid directional valve 21, the second solenoid directional valve 22, and the third solenoid directional valve 23 are all de-energized. The output pressure of the three-angle directional solenoid valve 4 is the initial pressure, and the three-angle directional fan maintains the first angle state. like Figure 3 As shown, the first solenoid directional valve 21 and the second solenoid directional valve 22 are energized, and the third solenoid directional valve 23 is de-energized. The pressure is output through the third solenoid directional valve 23. At this time, the pressure is released through the first solenoid directional valve 21 and the first pressure reducing valve 24. The three-angle directional solenoid valve 4 outputs the pressure corresponding to the first pressure reducing valve 24. The three-angle directional fan maintains the second angle state. After a set duration, the first solenoid directional valve 21 and the second solenoid directional valve 22 are de-energized. like Figure 4 As shown, the first solenoid directional valve 21 is energized, the second solenoid directional valve 22 and the third solenoid directional valve 23 are de-energized, the pressure is output through the third solenoid directional valve 23, at this time the pressure is released through the second pressure reducing valve 25, the three-angle directional solenoid valve 4 outputs the pressure corresponding to the second pressure reducing valve 25, the three-angle directional fan maintains the third angle state, after a set duration, the first solenoid directional valve 21 is de-energized. like Figure 5 As shown, the third solenoid directional valve 23 is energized, the first solenoid directional valve 21 and the second solenoid directional valve 22 are de-energized, the pressure is released through the third solenoid directional valve 23 and the first solenoid directional valve 21, the three-angle directional solenoid valve 4 resumes output initial pressure, the three-angle directional fan returns to the first angle state, and after a set duration, the third solenoid directional valve 23 is de-energized.

[0044] The duration set in this method can be calibrated according to the response time of the specific valve and the mechanical characteristics of the fan to ensure that the pressure is fully built up or fully depressurized before power is cut off.

[0045] This method is based on a three-angle reversing fan system. It achieves fan switching between three angle states by controlling the energization and de-energization of three solenoid directional valves. The entire process can be completed with simple energization and de-energization control, eliminating the need for complex closed-loop control or pressure sensors. Because the pressure is maintained by utilizing the unidirectional conduction characteristic of the third solenoid directional valve 23, the three solenoid valves are only briefly energized during the switching process in each operating condition, and then de-energized, solving the problem of prolonged energization of solenoid valves in traditional solutions. Furthermore, the energization combinations of the three valves in this method are independent, with clear logic, reducing the likelihood of malfunctions and ensuring high reliability.

[0046] While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, they are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-angle reversing solenoid valve, characterized in that, It includes a main oil circuit, a reversing oil circuit, and a return oil circuit, wherein the reversing oil circuit and the return oil circuit are connected in parallel and then connected in series in the main oil circuit; The main oil circuit is equipped with a first electromagnetic directional valve; The reversing oil circuit includes a first reversing oil circuit and a second reversing oil circuit connected in parallel. The first reversing oil circuit is connected in series with a first pressure reducing valve and a second solenoid reversing valve. The second reversing oil circuit is equipped with a second pressure reducing valve. The pressure of the first pressure reducing valve is less than the pressure of the second pressure reducing valve. A third electromagnetic directional valve is provided on the return oil line, and one position of the third electromagnetic directional valve is a unidirectional directional position.

2. The three-angle reversing solenoid valve as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first electromagnetic reversing valve is a two-position three-way valve, including port B, port C and port D. Port C and port D are located on one side. Port B is connected to the main oil circuit, port C is connected to the pressure source input port P, and port D is connected to the return oil port T.

3. The three-angle reversing solenoid valve as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first electromagnetic directional valve is de-energized at ports B and D, and energized at ports B and C.

4. The three-angle reversing solenoid valve as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second solenoid directional valve is a two-position two-way solenoid valve, including port E and port F. Port E is connected to the first solenoid directional valve, and port F is connected to the first pressure reducing valve. The oil outlet of the first pressure reducing valve and the oil outlet of the second pressure reducing valve are connected to the return port T.

5. The three-angle reversing solenoid valve as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The second electromagnetic directional valve is de-energized at port E and port F, and energized at port E and port F.

6. The three-angle reversing solenoid valve as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The third electromagnetic reversing valve is a two-position two-way electromagnetic valve, including a G port and an H port. The G port is connected to the fan interface A, and the H port is connected to the first electromagnetic reversing valve.

7. The three-angle reversing solenoid valve as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The third electromagnetic directional valve is unidirectionally connected from port H to port G in its de-energized position, and is connected in both ports G and H in its energized position.

8. The three-angle reversing solenoid valve as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A flow-limiting orifice is provided between the first electromagnetic reversing valve and the pressure source inlet.

9. A three-angle commutating fan, characterized in that, The device includes the three-angle reversing solenoid valve as described in any one of claims 1-8, and also includes a three-angle fan and a solenoid valve controller. The solenoid valve controller outputs commands to control the three-angle reversing solenoid valve under different energizing conditions to achieve different pressure outputs and enable the fan to reach different angle states.

10. A commutation method for a three-angle commutating fan as described in claim 9, characterized in that, include: The first, second, and third solenoid directional valves are all de-energized. The three-angle directional solenoid valve outputs pressure at the initial pressure, and the three-angle directional fan maintains the first angle state. The first and second solenoid directional valves are energized, the third solenoid directional valve is de-energized, and the pressure is output through the third solenoid directional valve. At this time, the pressure is released through the first solenoid directional valve and the first pressure reducing valve. The three-angle directional solenoid valve outputs the pressure corresponding to the first pressure reducing valve. The three-angle directional fan maintains the second angle state. After a set time, the first and second solenoid directional valves are de-energized. When the first solenoid directional valve is energized, the second and third solenoid directional valves are de-energized. The pressure is output through the third solenoid directional valve. At this time, the pressure is released through the second pressure reducing valve. The three-angle directional solenoid valve outputs the pressure corresponding to the second pressure reducing valve. The three-angle directional fan maintains the third angle state. After a set duration, the first solenoid directional valve is de-energized. When the third solenoid directional valve is energized, the first and second solenoid directional valves are de-energized. The pressure is released through the third and first solenoid directional valves. The three-angle directional solenoid valve resumes its initial output pressure, and the three-angle directional fan returns to the first angle state. After a set duration, the third solenoid directional valve is de-energized.

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