Heat pump-photo-thermal two-stage energy charging cross-seasonal heat storage and supply system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cross-seasonal heat storage and supply, and discloses a heat pump-photo-thermal two-stage energy charging cross-seasonal heat storage and supply system, in which a heat collection side heat pump is used for heating a working medium to a first preset temperature; the condensation type solar heat collection field is used for receiving the working medium from the heat collection side heat pump and further heating the working medium to a second preset temperature through a heat collection field circulating pump; the cross-seasonal heat storage water body is arranged in soil, and a water distribution device is arranged in the cross-seasonal heat storage water body and used for achieving layered heat storage and layered heat taking of the water body. The first circulating unit is used for performing heat exchange on a water body in the concentrating solar heat collection field and a working medium at a first preset temperature or a second preset temperature; the second circulating unit is used for realizing circulation of the water body in the concentrating solar heat collection field and cold and hot water bodies of the heat user side; and the auxiliary heating unit is used for supplementing heat when the temperature of the hot water body in the second circulating unit is insufficient. The efficient renewable energy heat supply system capable of continuously operating all the year round can be constructed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cross-seasonal thermal storage and heating technology, and in particular to a heat pump-solar thermal dual-stage energy-charging cross-seasonal thermal storage and heating system. Background Technology

[0002] Existing heating systems largely rely on fossil fuels or a single renewable energy source, resulting in low energy efficiency, seasonal supply-demand mismatch, and insufficient thermal storage capacity. Solar heating systems have abundant heat resources in summer but insufficient heating capacity in winter; air source heat pumps operate inefficiently in low-temperature winter environments, are prone to frosting, and have poor heating stability. Traditional thermal storage systems are mostly for short-term storage and cannot achieve cross-seasonal energy transfer for "summer storage and winter use." Furthermore, existing water distribution methods often employ single-port or bottom-in, top-out structures, which easily lead to the disruption of thermal stratification in the stored water body and significant heat mixing losses, making it impossible to achieve high-temperature thermal storage and precise heat extraction. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a heat pump-solar thermal dual-stage energy-charging cross-seasonal thermal storage heating system, which aims to solve or improve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems. It constructs a high-efficiency renewable energy heating system that can operate continuously throughout the year by combining a heat pump primary preheating with a solar thermal secondary heating architecture, and combining a three-port layered water distribution thermal storage and a multi-mode cascade energy supply strategy.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a heat pump-solar thermal dual-stage energy-charging interseasonal thermal storage and heating system, comprising: The heat pump on the collector side uses a low-temperature ambient heat source as a low-temperature heat source to heat the working fluid to a first preset temperature. A concentrating solar thermal field is connected in series with the heat pump on the heat collector side to receive the working fluid from the heat pump on the heat collector side and further heat it to a second preset temperature through a heat collector field circulation pump. The interseasonal water storage body is set in the soil and is equipped with a water distribution device to achieve stratified heat storage and extraction of the water. The first circulation unit is connected to the heat pump on the collector side, the concentrating solar collector field, and the water distribution device, and is used to exchange heat between the water in the concentrating solar collector field and the working fluid at the first preset temperature or the second preset temperature. The second circulation unit is connected to the water distribution device and the heat user terminal, and is used to realize the circulation of water in the concentrating solar collector field and the hot and cold water at the heat user terminal. An auxiliary heating unit, connected to the second circulation unit, is used to supplement heat when the temperature of the hot water in the second circulation unit is insufficient.

[0005] Optionally, the first circulation unit includes a heat exchanger on the collector side and a primary circulation pump on the water body. The primary side of the heat exchanger on the collector side is connected to the heat pump on the collector side and the concentrating solar thermal field. The primary circulation pump on the water body is connected to the secondary side of the heat exchanger on the collector side and the water distribution device.

[0006] Optionally, the second circulation unit includes a secondary water circulation pump, a heating-side circulation pump, and a heating-side heat exchanger. The primary side of the heating-side heat exchanger is connected to the secondary water circulation pump, and the heating-side circulation pump is connected to the secondary side of the heating-side heat exchanger and the heat user end.

[0007] Optionally, the water distribution device includes: The upper water distributor is located in the upper area of ​​the cross-seasonal hot water storage body and is used for the injection or extraction of high-temperature water at 60°-90°C. A water distributor in the middle layer of the water body is set in the middle area of ​​the cross-seasonal hot water storage body for the injection or extraction of medium-temperature water at 30°-60°C. A water distributor is installed in the lower part of the cross-seasonal hot water storage body for injecting or extracting low-temperature water below 30°C. A temperature detection and distribution device is used to automatically distribute the hot water body to the corresponding water distributor based on its temperature.

[0008] Optionally, a buffer water tank is also included, connected between the heat user terminal and the second circulation unit.

[0009] Optionally, a heat pump on the heating side is also included, connected to the second circulation unit.

[0010] Optionally, an auxiliary heat source may also be included, connected to the second circulation unit.

[0011] Optionally, a power grid may also be included to provide power to the entire system.

[0012] Optionally, the heat pump on the collector side is an air source heat pump, a ground source heat pump, or a water source heat pump that uses ambient air, soil, or water as a low-grade heat source.

[0013] Optionally, several operating modes are also included, including: Single-stage heating mode of collector-side heat pump: Only the collector-side heat pump is activated to store 30°-60°C hot water in the cross-seasonal hot water storage body; Single-stage heating mode of solar thermal field: Only the concentrating solar thermal field is activated to store 55-80°C hot water in the cross-seasonal hot water storage body; Heat pump-solar thermal series dual-stage energy charging mode: The heat pump on the collector side operates in series with the concentrating solar thermal collector field to realize the storage of 80°-90°C hot water in the cross-seasonal hot water storage body; Direct heating mode: Heat is extracted from the cross-seasonal hot water storage body and supplied directly to the heat user end; Cascade heating mode: When the temperature of the hot water in the second circulation unit is insufficient, the auxiliary heating unit is activated to supplement the heat.

[0014] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: This invention utilizes a heat pump connected in series with a concentrating solar collector to achieve a two-stage energy-charging mechanism combining primary heating by the heat pump with secondary heating by the solar collector. This overcomes the temperature limitations of single-technology solutions, enabling water to be heated to 90°C and stored in a cross-seasonal hot water storage system, significantly improving heat storage density and heating capacity. Combined with a stratified water distribution device, it achieves stratified storage of high-temperature, medium-temperature, and low-temperature water and on-demand heat extraction, avoiding heat mixing losses and improving heat storage efficiency and heating flexibility. The system can operate continuously year-round, storing heat in summer and providing heating in winter, effectively solving the seasonal supply-demand mismatch problem of renewable energy during the summer and winter, significantly reducing reliance on fossil fuels for winter heating, and improving system energy efficiency and operational stability.

[0015] This invention overcomes the limitations of traditional thermal storage systems that only offer "short-term heat storage and seasonal balance." By using a hot water storage body as an intermediary, it enables the cross-cycle storage of solar energy and heat pump heat collected in summer for winter heating, thus constructing a "summer storage, winter use" energy transfer mechanism. This solves the seasonal supply-demand mismatch problem of renewable energy sources such as solar energy and air-source heat pumps, which are abundant in summer but scarce in winter, significantly reducing reliance on fossil fuels for winter heating and improving the renewable energy absorption rate.

[0016] This invention breaks away from the traditional application scenario of heat pumps "only providing heating in winter," innovatively realizing a year-round continuous operation mode of heat pumps that combines "summer heat storage + winter heating." In summer, it acts as a "heat provider" to charge the heat storage system, and in winter, it acts as a "heat supply guarantor" to directly provide heating or supplemental heat. This fundamentally avoids the two core drawbacks of heat pump operation in winter: low ambient temperatures causing a sharp drop in COP and a surge in energy consumption; and frequent frosting of the outdoor heat exchanger, severely affecting heating stability.

[0017] This invention employs a relay heating architecture of "heat pump primary heating (30℃→60℃) + solar secondary heating (60℃→90℃)," combining the technological advantages of both to overcome the temperature bottleneck of single-stage systems. It solves the dual technical shortcomings of "energy efficiency degradation at high temperatures" in solar collectors and "sharp drop in COP at high outlet water temperatures" in heat pumps, achieving 90℃ high-temperature heat storage and improving heat storage density and heating capacity.

[0018] This invention designs a three-port water distribution structure with "high temperature / medium temperature / low temperature," combined with an upward-inlet and upward-outlet fluid delivery logic and automatic temperature valve control, to achieve precise regulation of "layered injection in summer and layered heat extraction in winter," maintaining a stable thermal stratification of the stored water body with "hot at the top and cold at the bottom." This solves the problems of heat mixing and loss caused by traditional single-port water distribution and the disruption of the thermal stratification interface caused by the downward-inlet and upward-outlet structure, resulting in significant heat loss and inability to achieve precise temperature matching, thus improving thermal storage efficiency and heating flexibility. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Heat pump on the collector side; 2. Circulation pump on the collector field; 3. Concentrating solar collector field; 4. Heat exchanger on the collector side; 5. Primary circulation pump on the water body; 6. Cross-seasonal hot water storage body; 601. Upper layer water distributor on the water body; 602. Middle layer water distributor on the water body; 603. Lower layer water distributor on the water body; 604. Soil; 7. Secondary circulation pump on the water body; 8. Circulation pump on the heating side; 9. Heat exchanger on the heating side; 10. Heat pump on the heating side; 11. Auxiliary heat source; 12. Buffer tank; 13. Heat user end; 14. Power grid. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Reference Figure 1 This invention provides a heat pump-solar thermal dual-stage energy-charging cross-seasonal thermal storage and heating system, comprising: The heat pump 1 on the collector side uses a low-temperature ambient heat source as a low-temperature heat source to heat the working fluid to a first preset temperature. A concentrating solar thermal field 3 is connected in series with a heat pump 1 on the heat collector side to receive the working fluid from the heat pump 1 and further heat it to a second preset temperature through a heat collector field circulation pump 2. The interseasonal water storage body 6 is set inside the soil 604. The interseasonal water storage body 6 is equipped with a water distribution device to realize the layered heat storage and layered heat extraction of the water body. The first circulation unit is connected to the heat pump 1 on the heat collector side, the concentrating solar collector field 3 and the water distribution device, and is used to exchange heat between the water in the concentrating solar collector field 3 and the working fluid at a first preset temperature or a second preset temperature. The second circulation unit is connected to the water distribution device and the heat user terminal 13 to realize the circulation of water in the concentrating solar collector field 3 and the hot and cold water in the heat user terminal 13. The auxiliary heating unit is connected to the second circulation unit and is used to supplement heat when the temperature of the hot water in the second circulation unit is insufficient.

[0024] In this embodiment, the first circulation unit includes a heat exchanger 4 on the collector side and a primary circulation pump 5 on the water body. The primary side of the heat exchanger 4 is connected to the heat pump 1 on the collector side and the concentrating solar thermal field 3. The primary circulation pump 5 on the water body is connected to the secondary side of the heat exchanger 4 on the collector side and the water distribution device.

[0025] Complete isolation between the heat collector side and the heat storage side ensures stable water quality of the stored water body across seasons and avoids working fluid contamination. Indirect heat exchange is achieved through the heat exchanger 4 on the heat collector side, and the circulation parameters can be optimized according to the fluid characteristics on both sides to improve heat exchange efficiency. The primary circulation pump 5 on the water body independently controls the flow rate on the heat storage side, and can be flexibly adjusted according to the heat storage rate and water distribution requirements. It operates decoupled from the heat collector side, enhancing the system control flexibility. The primary side of the heat exchanger 4 on the heat collector side is compatible with the working fluid characteristics of different heat collection methods (heat pump, solar thermal, or both in series), improving the system's versatility and scalability.

[0026] In this embodiment, the second circulation unit includes a water secondary side circulation pump 7, a heating side circulation pump 8, and a heating side heat exchanger 9. The primary side of the heating side heat exchanger 9 is connected to the water secondary side circulation pump 7, and the heating side circulation pump 8 is connected to the secondary side of the heating side heat exchanger 9 and the heat user terminal 13.

[0027] The system achieves secondary isolation between the heat storage side and the heating side, with the stored hot water serving only as a heat source and not directly entering the user's heating network, ensuring water quality and safety in the heating system. The dual-circulation pump architecture enables independent control of heat storage extraction and heat delivery, allowing for adjustments to the heat storage extraction and heat circulation rates based on changes in heat load, thus optimizing pump energy consumption. The heat exchanger on the heating side acts as a temperature buffer, mitigating the impact of heat storage temperature fluctuations on the user end and improving heating quality. The independent circulation on the secondary side facilitates the connection of peak-shaving equipment such as buffer tanks, heat pumps, and auxiliary heat sources, enhancing the system's regulatory capabilities.

[0028] In this embodiment, the water distribution device includes: The upper water distributor 601 is installed in the upper area of ​​the inter-seasonal hot water storage body 6 and is used for the injection or extraction of high-temperature water at 60°-90°C. The water distribution device 602 is located in the middle area of ​​the inter-seasonal hot water storage body 6 and is used for the injection or extraction of medium-temperature water at 30°-60°C. The lower water distributor 603 is installed in the lower area of ​​the inter-seasonal hot water storage body 6 and is used for the injection or extraction of low-temperature water below 30°C. A temperature detection and distribution device is used to automatically distribute the hot water body to the corresponding water distributor based on its temperature.

[0029] The three-layer water distributor corresponds to different temperature ranges, which can accurately inject the multi-grade heat energy generated by the system into the water body according to the temperature gradient, forming a clear thermal stratification interface; the temperature detection and distribution device monitors the temperature of the heat transfer fluid in real time and automatically switches to the corresponding water distributor without manual intervention, avoiding heat mixing caused by misoperation; in summer, the lower water distributor 603 serves as a low-temperature water outlet, and in winter it switches to a low-temperature return water inlet, realizing the seasonal conversion of the water distributor function and reducing the number of devices; the stable thermal stratification expands the usable temperature difference of the water body from 20-30℃ in the traditional mixing mode to 60-80℃, increasing the heat storage of the same volume of water by 2-3 times.

[0030] Furthermore, the temperature detection and distribution device includes: A temperature sensor is installed on the pipeline leading to the inter-seasonal hot water storage body 6 to detect the temperature of the heat transfer fluid in real time. The temperature control valve automatically distributes the heat-carrying fluid to the upper layer water distributor 601, the middle layer water distributor 602, or the lower layer water distributor 603 based on the detection signal from the temperature sensor.

[0031] In this embodiment, a buffer water tank 12 is also included, which is connected between the heat user terminal 13 and the second circulation unit.

[0032] The buffer tank 12 serves as a pressure stabilizing and expansion device, absorbing changes in the water volume of the pipe network, stabilizing the system pressure, and preventing water pump cavitation and water hammer. It stores a portion of hot water as a thermal buffer to cope with short-term load fluctuations at the user end, reducing the frequent start-up and shutdown of the heat pump and auxiliary heat source, and extending the equipment life. It also smooths out fluctuations in the outlet temperature of the heat exchanger, ensuring a constant water supply temperature at the user end and improving heating comfort. Furthermore, it facilitates variable flow operation and individual metering, adapting to the differentiated needs of different heat users.

[0033] In this embodiment, a heat pump 10 on the heating side is also included, which is connected in the second circulation unit.

[0034] When the temperature of the thermal storage body is higher than the user's demand but insufficient for direct heating, the heat pump on the heating side can act as a temperature booster, raising the medium-temperature water (30-50℃) to the heating temperature (45-60℃) instead of directly starting the high-grade auxiliary heat source 11, resulting in significant energy savings. In extreme low temperatures during winter, the heat pump 10 on the heating side operates in conjunction with the thermal storage body. The heat pump absorbs heat from the low-temperature layer of the thermal storage body, raises it, and supplies it to the user, realizing the deep utilization of the thermal storage body. When the heat of the thermal storage body is exhausted, the heat pump 10 on the heating side can directly extract heat from the air / soil as an independent heat source to ensure basic heating and improve the system's fault tolerance.

[0035] In this embodiment, an auxiliary heat source 11 is also included, which is connected to the second circulation unit.

[0036] In extreme conditions such as continuous rain, extreme cold, or equipment failure, auxiliary heat source 11 (such as gas boiler or electric boiler) serves as the ultimate guarantee to ensure uninterrupted heating. Since cross-seasonal heat storage and heat pumps account for more than 90% of the annual heat supply, auxiliary heat source 11 only needs to be configured at 20-30% of the peak load, which greatly reduces equipment investment and standby costs. In this embodiment, a power grid 14 is also included to provide power to the entire system.

[0037] The power grid provides power support to the system, and combined with intelligent control, it can realize peak and valley power dispatching, improve the economy of energy use and the flexibility of system operation.

[0038] In this embodiment, the heat pump 1 on the heat collection side is an air source heat pump, a ground source heat pump, or a water source heat pump that uses ambient air, soil, or water as a low-grade heat source.

[0039] Choose the appropriate heat pump type based on the resource endowment of different regions: air source heat pumps are suitable for most areas, ground source heat pumps are suitable for areas with good geological conditions, and water source heat pumps are suitable for areas near rivers and lakes.

[0040] This embodiment also includes multiple operating modes, including: Single-stage heating mode of collector-side heat pump: Only the collector-side heat pump 1 is activated to store 30°-60°C hot water in the cross-seasonal hot water storage body 6; Single-stage heating mode of solar thermal field: Only the concentrating solar thermal field 3 is activated to store 55-80°C hot water in the cross-seasonal hot water storage body 6; Heat pump-solar thermal series dual-stage energy charging mode: The heat pump 1 on the collector side operates in series with the concentrating solar thermal collector 3 to realize the storage of 80°-90°C hot water in the cross-seasonal hot water storage body 6; Direct heating mode: Heat is extracted from the cross-seasonal hot water storage body 6 and supplied directly to the heat users; Cascade heating mode: When the temperature of the hot water in the second circulation unit is insufficient, the auxiliary heating unit is activated to supplement the heat.

[0041] Five modes cover the entire cycle and all climate scenarios from summer heat storage to winter heating, with no operational blind spots. The intelligent control system automatically selects the most energy-efficient operating mode based on real-time meteorological data (irradiance, temperature), heat storage body status (temperature, water level), and energy prices. It prioritizes the use of free solar energy, followed by high-efficiency heat pumps, and finally uses auxiliary heat sources to minimize operating costs. The multiple modes serve as backups for each other, and can switch to the backup mode in case of any equipment failure. For example, if the solar collector field fails, it can switch to the heat pump single-stage mode to ensure the continuity of heat storage / heating.

[0042] Furthermore, the single-stage heat pump storage and heating mode on the collector side: 1. In the heat storage process, the heat pump 1 on the collector side uses the ambient low-temperature heat source as the low-grade heat source and heats the working fluid to 60°C through a reverse Carnot cycle. The high-temperature working fluid enters the primary side of the heat exchanger 4 on the collector side. The circulating pump 5 on the primary side of the water body drives the low-temperature water in the water body to enter the secondary side of the heat exchanger 4 on the collector side. Through heat exchange, the water absorbs the heat of the working fluid on the primary side, and the water temperature rises to 60°C. The 60°C water is evenly injected into the inter-seasonal hot water storage body 6 through the water body's middle layer distributor 602, completing the sensible heat storage.

[0043] 2. During the heating process, the secondary circulation pump 7 draws high-temperature water from the hot water storage body and delivers it to the primary side of the heat exchanger 9 on the heating side. The circulation pump 8 on the heating side drives the return water from the heat user to enter the secondary side of the heat exchanger 9 on the heating side. After absorbing heat, the water temperature rises to the supply water temperature. After being stabilized by the buffer water tank 12, the water is delivered to the heat user end 13.

[0044] 3. Heat replenishment regulation: If the water temperature in the storage body is insufficient, the heat pump unit 10 on the heating side or the auxiliary heat source 11 will be started to maintain the stable water supply temperature at the user end through cascade heat exchange.

[0045] Furthermore, a single-stage energy storage and heating mode for solar thermal collectors: 1. In the heat storage process, the concentrating solar collector 3 converts solar radiation energy into heat energy. The collector circulation pump 2 drives the working fluid to circulate and heat up within the collector. The high-temperature working fluid enters the primary side of the collector-side heat exchanger 4. The water body primary side circulation pump 5 drives the low-temperature water in the water body to enter the secondary side of the collector-side heat exchanger 4, absorbing heat from the primary side heat carrier fluid through heat exchange, raising the water temperature to 55-80℃. The heated water is then evenly injected into the inter-seasonal hot water storage body 6 through the upper layer water distributor 601 or the middle layer water distributor 602, completing the solar sensible heat storage.

[0046] 2. During the heating process, the secondary circulation pump 7 draws high-temperature water from the hot water storage body and delivers it to the primary side of the heating-side heat exchanger 9. The heating-side circulation pump 8 drives the return water from the heat user to enter the secondary side of the heating-side heat exchanger 9, absorbs heat, and rises to the heating supply water temperature. After being pressure-stabilized by the buffer water tank 12, it is delivered to the heat user end 13.

[0047] 3. Heat supplementation regulation: If insufficient solar radiation causes the water temperature of the storage body to be lower than the set value, it will automatically switch to the heat pump 1 heat supplementation mode on the collector side, or start the auxiliary heat source 11 to maintain the stability of the heating supply.

[0048] Furthermore, a two-stage energy-charging mode combining heat pump and solar thermal power: 1. In the heat storage process, the collector-side heat pump 1 uses the ambient low-temperature heat source as the low-grade heat source, and heats the working fluid to 60°C through a reverse Carnot cycle, then delivers it to the inlet of the solar collector field. The collector field circulation pump 2 drives the 60°C working fluid to further absorb solar radiation energy within the collector, raising the water temperature to 90°C. The high-temperature working fluid then enters the primary side of the collector-side heat exchanger 4. The water body primary-side circulation pump 5 drives the low-temperature water in the water body to enter the secondary side of the collector-side heat exchanger 4, absorbing heat from the primary-side working fluid through heat exchange, raising the water temperature to 90°C. The 90°C high-temperature water is then evenly injected into the inter-seasonal hot water storage body through the upper water distributor 601, forming a high-temperature heat storage layer, completing the two-stage energy-charging sensible heat storage.

[0049] 2. During the heating process, the secondary circulation pump 7 extracts 90°C heat storage medium from the high-temperature layer of the hot water storage body and transports it to the primary side of the heat exchanger 9 on the heating side. The circulation pump 8 on the heating side drives the return water from the heat user to enter the secondary side of the heat exchanger 9 on the heating side, absorbs high-temperature heat and rises in temperature, and after being stabilized by the buffer water tank 12, it is transported to the heat user end 13.

[0050] 3. Heat supplementation regulation: Due to the high initial temperature of the heat storage medium, the heat pump 10 unit or auxiliary heat source 11 on the heating side will be started only in extreme low temperature or long-term non-irradiation conditions to provide cascade heat supplementation and maintain the stable water supply temperature at the user end.

[0051] Furthermore, during the summer thermal storage phase (layered injection, stable thermal storage): The core objective in summer is to inject the heat generated by the system at different temperatures (10-90℃) into the water body according to the temperature gradient, forming a thermal stratification of "high temperature in the upper layer, medium temperature in the middle layer, and low temperature in the lower layer", thereby reducing heat mixing loss.

[0052] The heat transfer fluid entering the water body undergoes real-time temperature monitoring via temperature valves before injection and is automatically distributed to the corresponding water distributors according to preset thresholds. High-temperature water (60-90℃) → Upper layer water distributor 601; Medium-temperature water (30-60℃) → Water distributor 602 in the middle layer of the water body; Low-temperature water (10-30℃) → Water distributor 603 in the lower layer of the water body (constantly used as the low-temperature water outlet).

[0053] Furthermore, during the winter heating season (layered heating, matched according to demand): The core objective in winter is to extract fluids of different temperatures from the hot water storage body to match the heating needs of the heat user 13, while maintaining the thermal stratification structure of the water body.

[0054] In winter, the role of the water distributor changes. The lower water distributor 603 switches from "low temperature outlet" to "low temperature return water inlet", constantly receiving low temperature return water (10-30℃) from heat users and injecting it into the bottom of the water body to replenish the low temperature buffer layer.

[0055] The upper water distributor 601 and the middle water distributor 602 serve as "heat outlets," extracting fluid at the corresponding temperature according to the heating temperature requirement. If high-temperature heating is required (water supply temperature ≥ 60℃), high-temperature water of 60-90℃ will be drawn from the water distributor 601 at the upper layer of the water body. If medium-temperature heating (water supply temperature 30-60℃) is required, medium-temperature water at 30-60℃ will be drawn from the water distributor 602 in the middle layer of the water body.

[0056] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0057] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat pump-solar thermal dual-stage energy-charging cross-seasonal thermal storage and heating system, characterized in that, include: The heat pump on the collector side (1) uses a low-temperature ambient heat source as a low-temperature heat source to heat the working fluid to a first preset temperature; A concentrating solar thermal field (3) is connected in series with the heat pump on the heat collection side (1) to receive the working fluid from the heat pump on the heat collection side (1) and further heat it to a second preset temperature through the heat collection field circulation pump (2); The cross-seasonal hot water storage body (6) is set in the soil (604). The cross-seasonal hot water storage body (6) is equipped with a water distribution device to realize the layered heat storage and layered heat extraction of the water body. The first circulation unit is connected to the heat pump (1) on the heat collector side, the concentrating solar collector field (3) and the water distribution device, and is used to exchange heat between the water in the concentrating solar collector field (3) and the working fluid at the first preset temperature or the second preset temperature. The second circulation unit is connected to the water distribution device and the heat user terminal (13) to realize the circulation of water in the concentrating solar collector field (3) and the hot and cold water in the heat user terminal (13); An auxiliary heating unit, connected to the second circulation unit, is used to supplement heat when the temperature of the hot water in the second circulation unit is insufficient.

2. The heat pump-solar thermal dual-stage energy-charging interseasonal thermal storage and heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first circulation unit includes a heat exchanger (4) on the heat collector side and a primary circulation pump (5) on the water body. The primary side of the heat exchanger (4) is connected to the heat pump (1) on the heat collector side and the concentrating solar thermal field (3). The primary circulation pump (5) on the water body is connected to the secondary side of the heat exchanger (4) and the water distribution device.

3. The heat pump-solar thermal dual-stage energy-charging interseasonal thermal storage and heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second circulation unit includes a water secondary side circulation pump (7), a heating side circulation pump (8) and a heating side heat exchanger (9). The primary side of the heating side heat exchanger (9) is connected to the water secondary side circulation pump (7), and the heating side circulation pump (8) is connected to the secondary side of the heating side heat exchanger (9) and the heat user terminal (13).

4. The heat pump-solar thermal dual-stage energy-charging interseasonal thermal storage and heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water distribution device includes: The upper water distributor (601) is installed in the upper area of ​​the cross-seasonal hot water storage body (6) for injecting or extracting high-temperature water at 60°-90°C. A water distributor (602) is installed in the middle area of ​​the transseasonal hot water storage body (6) for injecting or extracting medium-temperature water at 30°-60°C. The lower water distributor (603) is located in the lower region of the cross-seasonal hot water storage body (6) and is used for the injection or extraction of low-temperature water below 30°C. A temperature detection and distribution device is used to automatically distribute the hot water body to the corresponding water distributor based on its temperature.

5. The heat pump-solar thermal dual-stage energy-charging interseasonal thermal storage and heating system according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a buffer water tank (12) connected between the heat user terminal (13) and the second circulation unit.

6. The heat pump-solar thermal dual-stage energy-charging interseasonal thermal storage and heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a heat pump (10) on the heating side, which is connected to the second circulation unit.

7. The heat pump-solar thermal dual-stage energy-charging interseasonal thermal storage and heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an auxiliary heat source (11) connected to the second circulation unit.

8. The heat pump-solar thermal dual-stage energy-charging interseasonal thermal storage and heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a power grid (14) for providing power to the entire system.

9. A heat pump-solar thermal dual-stage energy-charging interseasonal thermal storage and heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat pump on the collector side (1) is an air source heat pump, ground source heat pump or water source heat pump that uses ambient air, soil or water as a low-grade heat source.

10. A heat pump-solar thermal dual-stage energy-charging interseasonal thermal storage and heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes multiple operating modes, including: Single-stage heating mode of heat pump on the collector side: only the heat pump on the collector side (1) is started to realize the storage of hot water at 30°-60°C in the cross-seasonal hot water storage body (6); Single-stage heating mode of solar collector field: only the concentrating solar collector field (3) is activated to realize the storage of 55-80°C hot water in the cross-seasonal hot water storage body (6); Heat pump-solar thermal series dual-stage charging mode: The heat pump (1) on the collector side is connected in series with the concentrating solar thermal field (3) to realize the storage of 80°-90°C hot water in the cross-seasonal hot water storage body (6); Direct heating mode: Heat is extracted from the cross-seasonal hot water storage body (6) and directly supplied to the heat user end; Cascade heating mode: When the temperature of the hot water in the second circulation unit is insufficient, the auxiliary heating unit is activated to supplement the heat.

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