Substation electric heating control system and method

Abstract

The invention provides an electric heating control system and method for a transformer substation, and belongs to the technical field of electric heating, the system comprises temperature controllers, repeaters, a switch, a control center, temperature sensors and an external environment monitoring device, each electric heater in a building is provided with one temperature controller, and the temperature controllers are sequentially connected with the repeaters, the switch and the control center; the external environment monitoring device comprises a temperature sensor, a wind power monitoring sensor and a humidity sensor which are arranged outdoors; the external environment monitoring device and the temperature sensor are connected with the control center; a transformer substation is divided into a plurality of control areas according to functions, and a temperature controller, a repeater and a switch are arranged in each control area; fine temperature control for different buildings can be achieved, the flexibility and applicability of the system are improved, the input power of the electric heater can be adjusted in a self-adaptive mode according to the dynamic change of the outdoor temperature and the real-time heat dissipating capacity of equipment in all the buildings, the energy utilization efficiency is effectively improved, and energy saving is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of heating technology for station buildings, specifically relating to a substation electric heating control system and method. Background Technology

[0002] Substation projects are located far from centralized heat sources, and open flame heating is prohibited within the substation. Furthermore, pressurized water pipes cannot be brought into process rooms. Therefore, decentralized electric heaters are typically used for heating. Currently, the temperature control for these electric heaters is usually located within the heating unit itself. This thermostat either cannot be set with a specific temperature value or has a set value but its temperature adjustment accuracy is low, making operation inconvenient. When outdoor temperatures rise during the day, the power consumption of the electric heater remains unchanged, resulting in energy waste.

[0003] In existing substation building heating systems, each building is equipped with electric heaters with thermostats. These thermostats function as temperature settings, data uploads, and heater start / stop controls. When multiple heaters are installed in a single building, the thermostats require repeaters for signal transmission. The repeaters transmit the collected signals to the switch, which then uploads the relevant data to the station's auxiliary control backend. The station's auxiliary control backend can remotely monitor the operating status and fault alarm information of each heater, and also supports remote temperature setting and heater start / stop control. For non-process rooms, the auxiliary control backend can set separate operating periods for each independent room, allowing heating to be stopped or the heating temperature to be lowered when the room is unoccupied, thus achieving refined management of the heating system.

[0004] Although existing systems can achieve basic temperature control and operational status monitoring through remote monitoring, they still have many shortcomings. They do not provide refined temperature control solutions for the specific process requirements of different buildings. In particular, they cannot adaptively adjust the input power of electric heaters based on dynamic changes in outdoor temperature and the real-time heat dissipation of equipment inside each building, resulting in low energy efficiency and difficulty in achieving optimal energy-saving effects. At the same time, the energy efficiency management mode for non-process rooms is relatively crude and cannot accurately adjust the heating strategy according to actual usage scenarios (such as when the room is unoccupied), which is not conducive to the promotion of energy conservation and emission reduction. In addition, the existing systems have significant shortcomings in fault warning and emergency response mechanisms in complex environments, which urgently need to be further improved to enhance the overall safety and reliability of the system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a substation electric heating control system and method, which can rationally adjust the input power of the heating equipment according to the different temperature requirements of the substation buildings, the heat dissipation of the equipment, and changes in outdoor weather, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving in substation heating.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a substation electric heating control system, including a thermostat, a repeater, a switch, a control center, a temperature sensor, and an external environment monitoring device. Each electric heater inside the building is equipped with a thermostat, which is sequentially connected to the repeater, the switch, and the control center. The external environment monitoring device includes an outdoor temperature sensor, a wind speed sensor, and a humidity sensor. The external environment monitoring device and the temperature sensor are connected to the control center. The substation is divided into multiple control areas according to function, and each control area is equipped with a thermostat and a repeater.

[0007] Furthermore, the control areas are respectively the high-voltage room, transformer room, low-voltage room, control room, protection room, duty room, battery room, and capacitor room.

[0008] Furthermore, all temperature controllers are equipped with RS-485 ports and are connected to repeaters via RS-485 communication interfaces.

[0009] Furthermore, the thermostat, repeater, switch, and control center are connected via an RS-485 transmission line, which uses shielded twisted-pair cable.

[0010] Furthermore, the temperature controller, repeater, switch, temperature sensor, and external environment monitoring device all use industrial-grade components, and the controller in the control center uses an industrial-grade control module.

[0011] Furthermore, in process rooms, temperature sensors are placed at the same height as the sensitive parts of the equipment, away from doors, windows, and air vents of electric heaters, near the sensitive areas of the equipment. In non-process rooms, temperature sensors are placed near areas where people are active. For rooms that are vacant for a long time, they are placed in the corners of the room.

[0012] Furthermore, temperature sensors inside the building are positioned at a height of 1-1.5 meters.

[0013] On the other hand, the present invention provides a substation electric heating control method that can acquire the building's indoor temperature, outdoor environmental parameters, and the power of the equipment inside the building in real time. During the heating process, separate temperature thresholds are set for the indoor areas of the buildings; The output power of the electric heaters in the building is adjusted in real time based on changes in indoor temperature, outdoor environmental parameters, power of equipment in the building, and temperature threshold.

[0014] Furthermore, based on the current indoor temperature of the building, outdoor environmental parameters, changes in the power of equipment inside the building, temperature thresholds, and the output power of electric heaters inside the building, combined with historical heating power under similar operating conditions, the output power of electric heaters inside the building at the next moment is predicted.

[0015] Furthermore, the system saves data in real time on the building's indoor temperature, outdoor environmental parameters, the power of equipment inside the building, and the corresponding output power of electric heaters inside the building, and uploads this data to a cloud server.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: This invention not only achieves precise temperature control for the specific process requirements of different buildings, improving the system's flexibility and applicability, but also adaptively adjusts the input power of the electric heater based on the dynamic changes in outdoor temperature and the real-time heat dissipation of equipment inside each building, effectively improving energy utilization efficiency and achieving better energy-saving results. At the same time, for non-process rooms, the heating strategy can be adaptively adjusted according to actual usage, significantly reducing unnecessary energy consumption and further contributing to the achievement of energy conservation and emission reduction goals.

[0017] Furthermore, the specific types of functional control areas of the substation are divided to adapt to the equipment operation needs and personnel activity characteristics of different areas, so as to achieve targeted heating regulation and avoid heating imbalance or energy waste caused by unified control, and to fit the substation site layout and actual use needs.

[0018] Furthermore, a temperature controller with an RS-485 port and an RS-485 transmission line are used, which has strong anti-interference capabilities and long transmission distance, ensuring the stability and reliability of data transmission between the temperature controller and the repeater. Shielded twisted-pair cable is selected for the transmission line, which effectively resists complex environmental interference such as electromagnetic interference and radio frequency interference in the substation, reduces signal transmission distortion, ensures the reliability of control commands and data interaction, and improves the system's operational stability in harsh electromagnetic environments.

[0019] Furthermore, by adopting industrial-grade components and control modules, the system is adapted to the harsh operating environment of substations, significantly improving the overall reliability, stability and service life of the system, and reducing subsequent maintenance costs.

[0020] Furthermore, the placement of temperature sensors is optimized for different types of rooms. In process rooms, the sensors are positioned to focus on sensitive areas of equipment and away from sources of interference. In non-process rooms, the sensors are placed close to areas where people are active. In vacant rooms, the sensors are placed in corners. This ensures that the collected temperature data accurately reflects the actual temperature of the target area, avoids detection deviations caused by environmental interference, and provides accurate data for precise control.

[0021] Furthermore, placing the temperature sensor at a height of 1-1.5 meters can stably reflect the average indoor temperature, avoiding the influence of low ground temperature or high top temperature, while adapting to the temperature sensing needs of personnel activities and equipment normal working environments, further improving the accuracy of temperature acquisition.

[0022] Furthermore, by acquiring indoor temperature, outdoor environmental parameters, and equipment power in real time, and dynamically adjusting the output power of the electric heater in conjunction with the temperature difference threshold, the heating power can be precisely matched, ensuring that the indoor temperature is maintained within a reasonable range while avoiding energy waste and improving the accuracy and energy efficiency of heating.

[0023] Furthermore, by combining historical heating power under similar operating conditions to predict the output power at the next moment, the predictability of power regulation is improved, the lag of real-time regulation is avoided, indoor temperature fluctuations are reduced, heating effect is optimized, and energy utilization efficiency is further improved.

[0024] Furthermore, relevant operational data is saved and uploaded to the cloud server in real time, enabling full-process data traceability and centralized management. This provides data support for subsequent operational condition analysis, system optimization, and remote monitoring, thereby improving the system's maintainability and intelligence. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a feasible substation electric heating control system. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1: This invention provides a substation electric heating control system, including a thermostat, repeater, switch, control center, temperature sensor, and external environment monitoring device. Each electric heater inside the building is equipped with a thermostat, which is sequentially connected to the repeater, switch, and control center. The external environment monitoring device includes an outdoor temperature sensor, wind speed sensor, and humidity sensor. The substation is functionally divided into multiple monitoring areas, such as a high-voltage distribution room area, a main control room area, and a non-process auxiliary area. Each area is equipped with a thermostat and a temperature sensor, supporting flexible expansion and individual control and debugging. Thermostats and temperature sensors are installed in each area according to the different equipment. Each electric heater in the building is equipped with a thermostat, which has an RS-485 port, enabling temperature setting, data uploading, and control of the heater's start and stop.

[0029] As a further optimization, when multiple electric heaters are installed in a building, the thermostat signal is uploaded to a repeater; when multiple buildings have multiple repeaters, the repeater signal is uploaded to a switch, and then uploaded to the auxiliary control backend (i.e., the control center) within the station. To improve reliability, the thermostats, repeaters, switches, temperature sensors, and external environmental monitoring devices all use industrial-grade components, and the controller in the control center uses an industrial-grade control module.

[0030] Furthermore, this invention optimizes the placement of temperature sensors. Specifically: in process rooms, one sensor is placed every 20-30 square meters near the sensitive areas of the equipment, at the same height as the sensitive components, and at least 1 meter away from the equipment to avoid direct heat absorption; it is kept away from doors and windows to avoid the influence of outdoor temperatures; and it is kept away from the air outlets of electric heaters. This ensures that the temperature at the measuring point accurately reflects the actual thermal environment of the sensitive areas of the equipment, while avoiding monitoring errors caused by direct heat dissipation from the equipment, interference from outdoor temperatures, and direct airflow from the air outlets. This achieves accurate monitoring of equipment-level temperatures, providing a reliable basis for precise control of electric heaters and ensuring the stable operation of process equipment. In non-process rooms, the sensors are placed near personnel activity areas. In manned rooms, they are placed near desks. For long-term vacant rooms, they are placed in corners, monitoring only the basic insulation temperature, without needing to be near the core area. This satisfies the thermal comfort monitoring needs of manned areas while achieving low-cost monitoring of basic insulation temperature through measuring points in the corners of vacant rooms, avoiding redundant measuring point placement and optimizing the cost of measuring point configuration while ensuring monitoring effectiveness. For large spaces or areas with uneven temperature distribution, multiple points are used to calculate the average value. The station's auxiliary control backend can remotely monitor the operating status and fault alarms of each electric heater, and can remotely set temperature values ​​and remotely start and stop the electric heaters.

[0031] Optionally, the temperature sensor of the external environment monitoring device is a platinum resistance thermometer, the wind speed sensor is a cup-type anemometer, and the humidity sensor is a capacitive humidity sensor.

[0032] As a further optimization, a heat dissipation monitoring unit is set up for equipment whose power cannot be directly obtained. The heat dissipation monitoring unit is matched with the power output interface of the substation equipment and can calculate the heat dissipation in real time based on the power.

[0033] Thermostats, repeaters, switches, and the control center are connected via RS-485 transmission lines. These RS-485 lines use shielded twisted-pair cable to ensure high stability and interference resistance in data transmission between the thermostats, repeaters, switches, and the control center, guaranteeing communication reliability in complex electromagnetic environments. Each building's electric heaters are equipped with thermostats featuring RS-485 ports. These thermostats support precise temperature control in 0.5°C increments, improving indoor temperature control accuracy.

[0034] When multiple electric heaters are installed in a single building, the data signals of each thermostat are first transmitted to the corresponding repeater. Multiple repeaters are configured for multiple buildings. Each repeater collects the signals and sends them to the switch. The switch ensures the data transmission rate between itself and the repeaters, reduces transmission delay and packet loss rate, and achieves fast and accurate data transmission. Finally, the switch sends all the data to the station auxiliary control backend or cloud management system to achieve centralized management and control of the entire heating system.

[0035] Example 2: The present invention also provides a substation electric heating control method, which acquires in real time the building's indoor temperature, outdoor environmental parameters, and the power of the equipment inside the building; the power of the equipment inside the building can reflect the heat dissipation of the equipment; the power of the equipment inside the building can be acquired in real time from the substation control room; Specifically, corresponding parameter curves can be generated based on real-time indoor building temperature, outdoor environmental parameters, and the power of equipment within the building, visually presenting dynamic changes and their interrelationships. The output power of electric heaters within the building can be adjusted in real-time according to changes in these parameters. Simultaneously, weather forecast information is obtained from publicly available sources, and the heater power is adjusted proactively based on these weather forecasts and changes in outdoor environmental parameters. To address issues of overheating or underheating, multi-parameter collaborative feedback ensures precise matching of heater output power to actual heat load demand, avoiding ineffective energy consumption and achieving energy-efficient operation of the heating system.

[0036] During the heating process, temperature thresholds are set for different indoor areas of the building to provide a relatively suitable working environment for different functional areas. For example, the high-voltage power distribution room has many devices with high power and relatively more heat dissipation, so the temperature is controlled at 10-15℃. The main control room is staffed and needs to take comfort into account, so the temperature is controlled at 18±2℃. The battery room temperature should not be too high, so the temperature is controlled at 5-10℃. The electronic components in the protection room are sensitive to temperature, so the temperature is controlled at 10-15℃. The low-voltage power distribution room is controlled at 10-15℃. Other non-process rooms are controlled at 18±2℃ when staffed and at 8±2℃ when unattended, maintaining the basic temperature.

[0037] The control center automatically adjusts the input power of the electric heater based on temperature data detected by the outdoor temperature sensor, wind data detected by the wind monitoring sensor, humidity data detected by the humidity sensor, weather forecast information transmitted by the external environment monitoring device, and temperature thresholds. It also realizes intelligent control of the electric heater according to the temperature curve and operating mode set by the user.

[0038] Furthermore, outdoor environmental parameters include outdoor temperature, wind speed, and humidity, as well as whether there is rain or snow. In rainy or snowy weather with excessively high humidity, the power of the electric heater should be increased to maintain a comfortable indoor temperature.

[0039] When a non-process room is vacant, the control center automatically shuts off heating for that room according to a preset time period; when a process room is vacant, the control center maintains the original heating status. For non-process rooms, an independent room operating time can be set, which can stop heating or reduce the heating temperature based on whether the room is unoccupied, thus reducing unnecessary heating.

[0040] As an optional embodiment, for planned maintenance or repair work, the electric heater is turned on in advance to bring the corresponding area to the preset heating temperature, and the electric heater is turned off in advance or the power of the electric heater is gradually reduced in advance, which ensures timely heating without increasing energy consumption.

[0041] When an anomaly occurs in the heating system, the cause of the fault is analyzed, and corresponding fault alarm and maintenance prompts are issued according to the fault level. Simultaneously, historical records and reports are generated, and detailed operation reports can be produced based on different time periods, providing data support for system maintenance and optimization.

[0042] Establish curves for indoor temperature versus real-time parameters for each building. Real-time parameters include the power of equipment inside the building, outdoor environmental parameters, and the output power of electric heaters. This provides basic data for maintenance personnel to further optimize the system and serves as a reference for the heating budget for the following year.

[0043] It can also predict future temperature trends based on historical usage data and make adjustments in advance to achieve more refined and efficient energy management. It can analyze the temperature difference between indoors and outdoors and the heat dissipation of equipment, and dynamically adjust the input power of electric heaters. For example, in cold weather or when a large number of heat-generating devices are detected in the room causing the temperature to rise, the working intensity of electric heaters can be reduced, and vice versa, the heating power can be increased to ensure that energy is saved while meeting indoor comfort.

[0044] In summary, this invention provides a substation electric heating control system and method. Each building's electric heaters are equipped with a thermostat with an RS-485 port. This thermostat enables temperature setting, data upload, and heater start / stop control. When multiple heaters are installed in a single building, the data signals from each thermostat are first transmitted to the corresponding repeater. Multiple buildings are configured with multiple repeaters. Each repeater aggregates the collected signals to a switch, which then sends all data to the substation auxiliary control backend. This achieves centralized management of the entire heating system. The substation auxiliary control backend can remotely monitor and control each heater, including viewing real-time operating status, receiving fault alarm information, remotely adjusting temperature setting parameters, and controlling heater start / stop. For rooms without process requirements, the substation auxiliary control backend supports independently setting heating operating periods for each room and can flexibly select continuous heating, heating stoppage, or temperature reduction based on actual usage. The technical solution provided in this application addresses the challenges of dispersed building layouts in substation engineering projects, where different buildings have varying temperature requirements due to different process equipment. The centralized energy-saving control of the heating system can adjust the input power of the heating equipment in real time based on the different temperature requirements of different process rooms, changes in outdoor temperature, and the heat dissipation of equipment within each building, thus achieving energy savings. Temperature setting, operation data uploading, and heater start / stop control are achieved through an RS-485 communication interface. Real-time data exchange and remote control can also be completed with the control system via a switch, adapting to the specific process requirements of different buildings and significantly improving the system's flexibility and adaptability in multiple application scenarios. The control center can remotely monitor and control each electric heater, including viewing real-time operating status, receiving fault alarm information, remotely adjusting temperature setting parameters, and controlling the start and stop of the electric heater. For rooms without process requirements, it supports setting any continuous operating period for each room within a 24-hour period. It can also dynamically adjust the heating strategy based on environmental parameters such as the activity of people in the room, the flow of people, whether the room is occupied, the expected activity intensity, indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity, dynamic changes in outdoor temperature, and real-time heat dissipation of equipment inside the building. It can automatically reduce the heating level during periods of low demand and flexibly choose to continue heating, stop heating, or lower the heating temperature to avoid resource waste caused by overheating and effectively reduce unnecessary energy consumption.

[0045] The above content is only for illustrating the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made to the technical solution based on the technical concept proposed in this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A substation electric heating control system, characterized in that, The system includes thermostats, repeaters, switches, a control center, temperature sensors, and external environmental monitoring devices. Each electric heater inside the building is equipped with a thermostat, which is connected in sequence to the repeater, switch, and control center. The external environmental monitoring devices include outdoor temperature sensors, wind sensors, and humidity sensors. The external environmental monitoring devices and temperature sensors are connected to the control center. The substation is divided into multiple control areas according to function, and each control area is equipped with a thermostat and a repeater.

2. The substation electric heating control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control areas are respectively the high-voltage room, transformer room, low-voltage room, control room, protection room, duty room, battery room, and capacitor room.

3. A substation electric heating control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, All temperature controllers are equipped with RS-485 ports and are connected to repeaters via RS-485 communication interfaces.

4. A substation electric heating control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermostat, repeater, switch and control center are connected via RS-485 transmission line, which uses shielded twisted pair cable.

5. A substation electric heating control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature controller, repeater, switch, temperature sensor, and external environment monitoring device all use industrial-grade components, and the controller in the control center uses an industrial-grade control module.

6. A substation electric heating control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In process rooms, temperature sensors should be placed near sensitive equipment areas, aligned with the height of sensitive equipment components, and kept away from doors, windows, and air vents of electric heaters. In non-process rooms, temperature sensors should be placed near areas where people are active. For rooms that are vacant for extended periods, temperature sensors should be placed in the corners of the room.

7. A substation electric heating control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Temperature sensors inside the building are positioned at a height of 1-1.5 meters.

8. A method for controlling electric heating in a substation, characterized in that, Real-time acquisition of building indoor temperature, outdoor environmental parameters, and power consumption of equipment within the building; During the heating process, separate temperature thresholds are set for the indoor areas of the buildings; The output power of the electric heaters in the building is adjusted in real time based on changes in indoor temperature, outdoor environmental parameters, power of equipment in the building, and temperature threshold.

9. A substation electric heating control method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Based on the current indoor temperature of the building, outdoor environmental parameters, changes in the power of equipment inside the building, temperature thresholds, and the output power of electric heaters inside the building, combined with historical heating power under similar operating conditions, the output power of electric heaters inside the building at the next moment can be predicted.

10. A substation electric heating control method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The system saves data in real time on indoor building temperature, outdoor environmental parameters, power of equipment inside the building, and corresponding output power of electric heaters inside the building, and uploads the data to a cloud server.

Images