Fiber-optic gyroscope chip, circuit board and method

Abstract

The invention provides a fiber-optic gyroscope chip, a circuit board and a method. The fiber-optic gyroscope chip comprises an input optical network, a plurality of channels and an output optical network, the plurality of channels are arranged in parallel; the plurality of channels comprise at least one main channel and at least one standby channel; one end of each channel is connected with the input optical network circuit, and the other end of each channel is connected with a corresponding output unit in the output optical network; an input optical network for distributing an optical signal to a plurality of channels; the main channel is used for routing an output optical signal of the main channel to a corresponding output unit in the output optical network, and switching to a turn-off state in response to the first control instruction, so that the channel is in a physical isolation state; the output optical signal is obtained according to the distributed optical signal; the standby channel is used for responding to the second control instruction and switching to a conducting state; the output optical signal is routed to a corresponding output unit in the output optical network instead of the channel; and the output optical network is used for transmitting the output optical signal to the first sensitive ring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of fiber optic sensing technology, and more particularly to a fiber optic gyroscope chip, circuit board, and method. Background Technology

[0002] A fiber optic gyroscope is an angular velocity sensor based on the Sagnac effect. It measures angular velocity by detecting the phase difference caused by the rotation of bidirectional propagating light and is widely used in aerospace, underwater exploration, and navigation systems. The core component of an interferometric fiber optic gyroscope is the integrated optical chip, which performs critical functions such as polarization, beam splitting, and modulation, and is crucial to the system's accuracy and stability.

[0003] Currently, most fiber optic gyroscopes use integrated optical chips with a single-channel structure, meaning one channel corresponds to one fiber optic sensing loop. This type of structure lacks built-in redundancy and fault monitoring mechanisms, posing a "single point of failure" risk. If an anomaly occurs (such as breakage or failure) in the optical waveguide, modulation electrode, or coupling region on the chip, it will directly cause the corresponding channel to completely fail, rendering the entire gyroscope channel inoperable. To improve system fault tolerance, backups can be implemented by equipping multiple independent gyroscope modules. While this improves reliability, it significantly increases the system's size, weight, power consumption, and cost. Therefore, a new approach is urgently needed to address these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure provides a fiber optic gyroscope chip, circuit board, and method.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a fiber optic gyroscope chip, which includes an input optical network, multiple channels, and an output optical network; the multiple channels are arranged in parallel; the multiple channels include at least one main channel and at least one backup channel; one end of each channel is connected to the input optical network circuit, and the other end of each channel is connected to a corresponding output unit in the output optical network; the input optical network is used to distribute optical signals to the multiple channels; the main channel is used to route the output optical signal of the main channel to the corresponding output unit in the output optical network, and to switch to a shutdown state in response to a first control command, so that the channel is in a physically isolated state; the output optical signal is obtained based on the distributed optical signal; the backup channel is used to switch to a conduction state in response to a second control command, so as to route the output optical signal of the backup channel to the corresponding output unit in the output optical network in place of the channel; the output optical network is used to transmit the output optical signal to a first sensitive ring outside the fiber optic gyroscope chip; the first sensitive ring is a sensitive ring matched with the channel, and the first sensitive ring is optically connected to the output optical network.

[0006] In some embodiments, the backup channel includes a modulator; the modulator is used to receive the drive signal corresponding to the channel it is in, and to perform phase modulation on the optical signal allocated to the backup channel based on the drive signal corresponding to the channel it is in, to generate an output optical signal.

[0007] In some embodiments, the backup channel further includes a detector, a beam splitter, an upper arm beam splitter, a lower arm beam splitter, an upper arm switch group, and a lower arm switch group. The modulator of the backup channel includes an upper arm modulator and a lower arm modulator. The detector is disposed on one arm at the input end of the beam splitter. The input ends of the upper arm modulator and the lower arm modulator are respectively connected to the output end of the beam splitter. The output end of the upper arm modulator is connected to the upper arm switch group through the upper arm beam splitter. The output end of the lower arm modulator is connected to the lower arm switch group through the lower arm beam splitter. The detector is used to extract the optical signal allocated by the backup channel from the beam splitter and detect the photocurrent signal of the standby channel based on the optical signal allocated by the backup channel. The beam splitter is used to split the optical signal allocated by the backup channel into two optical signals, and input the two optical signals to the upper arm modulator and the lower arm modulator respectively. The upper arm modulator and the lower arm modulator are used to perform phase modulation on the two optical signals based on the driving signal corresponding to their respective channels, and generate the output optical signal. The upper arm beam splitter and lower arm beam splitter are used to receive the output optical signals modulated by the upper arm modulator and lower arm modulator, and route the output optical signals to the output optical network through the upper arm switch group and lower arm switch group.

[0008] In some embodiments, the upper arm switch group and the lower arm switch group include multiple sets of upper arm optical switches and lower arm optical switches, with each set of upper arm optical switches and lower arm optical switches corresponding to a main channel.

[0009] In some embodiments, each main channel includes a detector, an optical switch, a polarizer, a beam splitter, and a plurality of modulators arranged sequentially along the light propagation direction; the detector is disposed on one arm of the input end of the beam splitter, and each modulator is connected to the corresponding output end of the beam splitter. The detector is used to extract the optical signal allocated to the channel from the beam splitter and to detect the photocurrent signal of the channel based on the optical signal allocated to the channel. An optical switch is used to route the output optical signal of the corresponding output unit in the output optical network to the channel when switched to the on state; and to put the channel in a physically isolated state when switched to the off state. A polarizer is used to adjust the optical signal allocated to the channel to a preset polarization state. A beam splitter is used to divide an optical signal with a preset polarization state into multiple interferometric arm signals; each interferometric arm signal corresponds to a modulator. Multiple modulators are used to perform phase modulation on the signals of multiple interferometer arms respectively, generate output optical signals, and route them to the corresponding output units in the output optical network.

[0010] In some embodiments, the input optical network includes a first edge coupler and at least one beam splitter, the first edge coupler being connected to the at least one beam splitter; the at least one beam splitter being connected to a main channel and a backup channel, respectively. A first edge coupler is used to receive optical signals and send optical signals to at least one beam splitter; At least one beam splitter for distributing optical signals to at least one main channel and at least one backup channel.

[0011] In some embodiments, the output optical network includes an output unit corresponding to each main channel, and each output unit corresponding to each main channel includes an upper arm combiner, a lower arm combiner, an upper arm edge fusion unit, and a lower arm edge fusion unit; the upper arm combiner and the upper arm edge fusion unit are connected; the lower arm combiner and the lower arm edge fusion unit are connected; the output end of each main channel is respectively connected to the upper arm combiner and the lower arm combiner in the corresponding output unit; The upper arm combiner and the lower arm combiner are used to receive the output optical signals of the matched main channel or backup channel, respectively, and output them through the upper arm edge combiner and the lower arm edge combiner.

[0012] In some embodiments, the optical switch in each main channel is designed as a normally closed structure; the upper arm optical switch and the lower arm optical switch are designed as normally open structures; when no driving voltage is applied, the normally closed structure remains in the conducting state, and the normally open structure remains in the off state.

[0013] In some embodiments, the fiber optic gyroscope chip is fabricated based on a lithium niobate thin film material platform or a silicon-on-insulator material platform, and the optical switch, upper arm optical switch and lower arm optical switch are thermo-optic switches and / or electro-optic switches, and the modulator is a push-pull electro-optic phase modulator.

[0014] In a second aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a fault handling circuit board, including any of the fiber optic gyroscope chips, optical power detection circuit modules, fault diagnosis modules, redundancy switching logic modules, optical switch driving circuit modules, and redundancy switch driving circuit modules as described in the first aspect; the optical power detection circuit module is respectively connected to the fiber optic gyroscope chip and the fault diagnosis module, and the fault diagnosis module is respectively connected to the redundancy switching logic module; the redundancy switching logic module is respectively connected to the optical switch driving circuit module and the redundancy switch driving circuit module. The optical power detection circuit module is used to acquire the photocurrent signals of multiple channels in the fiber optic gyroscope chip and convert the photocurrent signal of each channel into a digital voltage. The fault diagnosis module is used to compare the digital voltage of each channel with a preset threshold to determine the fault diagnosis result of each channel. The redundancy switching logic module is used to generate the first control command and the second control command based on the redundancy switching truth table and the fault diagnosis results of each channel. The optical switch driver circuit module is used to control the target channel to switch to the off state in response to the first control command. The target channel is the faulty main channel. The redundant switch drive circuit module is used to control the backup channel to switch to the conduction state in response to the second control command, so as to replace the target channel in routing the output optical signal of the backup channel to the corresponding output unit in the output optical network.

[0015] In some embodiments, the fault handling circuit board further includes a modulator drive circuit module; The modulator driver circuit module is used to apply the driving signal corresponding to the target channel to the modulator of the backup channel, so that the modulator of the backup channel performs phase modulation on the optical signal allocated to the backup channel to generate an output optical signal.

[0016] Thirdly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a fault handling method, which includes: acquiring digital voltages of multiple channels in a fiber optic gyroscope chip; the digital voltage of each channel is determined based on the optical signal in that channel; based on the digital voltages of the multiple channels, determining that a target channel among the multiple channels is faulty and a backup channel is not faulty; controlling the target channel to switch to an off state and the backup channel to switch to an on state, so that the backup channel routes the output optical signal of the backup channel to the corresponding output unit in the output optical network of the fiber optic gyroscope chip.

[0017] In some embodiments, before routing the output optical signal of the backup channel to the corresponding output unit in the output optical network of the fiber optic gyroscope chip, the method further includes: applying a driving signal corresponding to the target channel to the modulator of the backup channel, so that the modulator of the backup channel performs phase modulation on the optical signal allocated by the backup channel to generate an output optical signal.

[0018] In some embodiments, the method further includes: continuing to acquire the digital voltage of the backup channel; if the digital voltage of the backup channel meets the requirements, determining that the backup channel has successfully replaced the target channel; if the digital voltage of the backup channel does not meet the requirements, determining that the backup channel has failed to replace the target channel, and the fiber optic gyroscope chip enters a degraded operating mode.

[0019] In some embodiments, the method further includes: determining that the light source output is abnormal or the input optical network in the fiber optic gyroscope chip is abnormal when the digital voltages of multiple channels do not meet a preset threshold and the difference between the digital voltages of any two channels is less than a first threshold; and outputting an alarm signal to indicate that the fiber optic gyroscope chip has a light source output abnormality or an input optical network abnormality.

[0020] The embodiments disclosed herein offer the following advantages: Optical signals are distributed to multiple channels via an input optical network, and when one channel fails, a backup channel replaces the faulty main channel. This allows for real-time diagnosis and redundancy switching of the main channel without significantly increasing size and power consumption, thereby improving the reliability and lifespan of the fiber optic gyroscope chip. Compared to using multiple independent gyroscopes for redundancy, this disclosure integrates a backup channel, achieving fault isolation and hot backup on the fiber optic gyroscope chip itself, avoiding the structural complexity and high cost associated with external redundant devices. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1A This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fiber optic gyroscope chip provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 1B This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fiber optic gyroscope chip provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 2 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fault handling circuit board provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fault handling circuit board provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 2 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic flowchart of a fault handling method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a fault handling method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 2 ; Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating a fault handling method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 3 .

[0022] In the diagram: 100, Input optical network; 110, First edge coupler; 120, First beam splitter; 130, Second beam splitter; 140, Third beam splitter; 200, First main channel; 210, First optical switch; 220, First polarizer; 230, First detector; 240, Fourth beam splitter; 250, First modulator; 260, Second modulator; 300, Second main channel; 310, Second optical switch; 320, Second polarizer; 330, Second detector; 340, Fifth beam splitter; 350, Third modulator; 360, Fourth modulator; 400, Third main channel; 410, Third optical switch; 420, Third detector; 430, Third polarizer; 4 40. Sixth beam splitter; 450. Fifth modulator; 460. Sixth modulator; 500. Backup channel; 510. Fourth detector; 520. Seventh beam splitter; 530. Seventh modulator; 540. Eighth modulator; 550. Eighth beam splitter; 560. Ninth beam splitter; 5510. Fourth optical switch; 5520. Fifth optical switch; 5530. Sixth optical switch; 5610. Seventh optical switch; 5620. Eighth optical switch; 5630. Ninth optical switch; 600. Output optical network; 6100. First beam combiner; 6110. Second edge coupler; 6200. Second beam combiner; 6210. Third edge coupler; 6300. Third beam combiner; 6310 6400, Fourth Edge Coupler; 6410, Fifth Edge Coupler; 6500, Fifth Beam Combiner; 6510, Sixth Edge Coupler; 6600, Sixth Beam Combiner; 6610, Seventh Edge Coupler; 700, Central Control Unit; 710, Fault Diagnosis Module; 720, Redundancy Switching Logic Module; 730, Optical Power Detection Circuit Module; 731, First Optical Power Detection Channel; 732, Second Optical Power Detection Channel; 733, Third Optical Power Detection Channel; 734, Fourth Optical Power Detection Channel; 740, Optical Switch Driving Circuit Module; 741, First Optical Switch Driving Unit; 742, Second Optical Switch Driving Unit; 743, Third Optical Switch Drive unit; 750, Redundant switch drive circuit module; 751, First redundant switch drive group; 752, Second redundant switch drive group; 760, Modulator drive circuit module; 761, First modulator drive unit; 762, Second modulator drive unit; 763, Third modulator drive unit; 770, Power management module; 771, Logic power supply; 772, Analog power supply; 773, High voltage / bias circuit; 780, Communication and status interface module; 781, System bus interface unit; 782, Status indication and alarm unit; 800, Fault handling circuit board; 810, First board-level connector; 820, Second board-level connector; 830, Third board-level connector.

[0023] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" mentioned above are only used to distinguish between different options and do not represent the degree of superiority or inferiority of the options or their priority in the implementation process. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this disclosure, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0025] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of this disclosure. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this disclosure may be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, to avoid confusion with this disclosure, certain technical features well-known in the art have not been described; that is, not all features of actual embodiments are described herein, nor are well-known functions and structures described in detail.

[0026] In the accompanying drawings, for clarity, the dimensions of layers, areas, and elements, as well as their relative dimensions, may be exaggerated. The same reference numerals denote the same elements throughout.

[0027] It should be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as "on," "adjacent to," "connected to," or "coupled to" other elements or layers, it may be directly on, adjacent to, connected to, or coupled to other elements or layers, or there may be intervening elements or layers. Conversely, when an element is referred to as "directly on," "directly adjacent to," "directly connected to," or "directly coupled to" other elements or layers, there are no intervening elements or layers. It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used to describe various elements, components, areas, layers, and / or portions, these elements, components, areas, layers, and / or portions should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, area, layer, or portion from another element, component, area, layer, or portion. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of this disclosure, the first element, component, area, layer, or portion discussed below may be referred to as a second element, component, area, layer, or portion. And the discussion of a second element, component, area, layer, or portion does not imply that the first element, component, area, layer, or portion necessarily exists in this disclosure.

[0028] Spatial relation terms such as “below,” “under,” “below,” “under,” “above,” “above,” etc., are used herein for convenience of description to describe the relationship between one element or feature shown in the figure and other elements or features. It should be understood that, in addition to the orientation shown in the figure, spatial relation terms are intended to also include different orientations of the device in use and operation. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, then the element or feature described as “below,” “under,” or “below” other elements or features will be oriented “above” other elements or features. Therefore, the exemplary terms “below” and “under” can include both above and below orientations. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or otherwise) and the spatial descriptive terms used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0029] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit this disclosure. When used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “ / the” are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms “comprise” and / or “comprising,” when used in this specification, identify the presence of features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or parts, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, parts, and / or groups. When used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of the associated listed items.

[0030] To fully understand this disclosure, detailed steps and structures will be presented in the following description to illustrate the technical solutions of this disclosure. Preferred embodiments of this disclosure are described in detail below; however, other embodiments may also be implemented in addition to these detailed descriptions.

[0031] Because integrated optical chips mostly employ a single-channel structure and lack on-chip redundancy mechanisms, a failure in a single channel or core component will directly lead to the failure of the navigation function along the corresponding axis, thus affecting the reliability of the entire system. While traditional redundancy configurations can improve reliability, they rely on stacking multiple independent gyroscopes, significantly increasing system size, weight, and power consumption, as well as manufacturing costs and assembly complexity. Furthermore, these commercial chips typically lack effective photoelectric monitoring methods, making it difficult to distinguish the source of faults, resulting in system response delays and the inability to achieve chip-level self-repair or optical path reconstruction.

[0032] To address this, this disclosure integrates a backup channel and a switching network within the fiber optic gyroscope chip, enabling real-time monitoring and online hot backup of optical path faults. When a fault is detected in a channel, the optical switch of the main channel can be shut down, and the backup channel can be activated. The backup channel's switch and output optical network then take over the signal transmission of the faulty channel. Thus, even if a main channel fails, the measurement task can continue through the backup channel, significantly improving the reliability and survivability of the fiber optic gyroscope system.

[0033] It should be noted that the embodiments disclosed herein can be applied to various scenarios requiring high-precision angular velocity measurement, such as aerospace, ship navigation, underwater exploration, and weapon guidance. The technical details of the present invention will be further illustrated below with specific implementation examples.

[0034] In one embodiment of this disclosure, referring to FIG1, a fiber optic gyroscope chip provided in an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 1A As shown, the fiber optic gyroscope chip includes an input optical network 100, multiple channels, and an output optical network 600; the multiple channels are arranged in parallel; the multiple channels include at least one main channel and at least one spare channel 500; one end of each channel is connected to the input optical network 100 circuit, and the other end of each channel is connected to the corresponding output unit in the output optical network 600.

[0035] The input optical network 100 is used to distribute optical signals to multiple channels.

[0036] The main channel is used to route the output optical signal of the main channel to the corresponding output unit in the output optical network 600, and to switch to the off state in response to the first control command, so that the channel is in a physically isolated state; the output optical signal is obtained based on the allocated optical signal.

[0037] The backup channel 500 is used to switch to the on state in response to the second control command, so as to replace the channel in which it routes the output optical signal of the backup channel 500 to the corresponding output unit in the output optical network 600.

[0038] The output optical network 600 is used to transmit the output optical signal to the first sensitive ring outside the fiber optic gyroscope chip; the first sensitive ring is a sensitive ring matched with the channel it is in, and the first sensitive ring is connected to the output optical network optical path 600.

[0039] In some embodiments, the optical signal refers to the light wave emitted from an external light source (such as a laser diode). The external light source can be a single-mode fiber laser or other types of stable light sources. The optical signal output by the external light source needs to meet certain power and wavelength requirements to adapt to the waveguide structure inside the chip. For example, common input optical signal wavelengths are 1550nm or 1310nm. These wavelengths are widely used in the field of communication and have low transmission loss and high stability.

[0040] If the optical signal is unstable or contains noise, it can cause anomalies in subsequent optical paths, thus adversely affecting measurement accuracy. Therefore, a high-quality light source should be selected to ensure stable system operation.

[0041] After acquiring the optical signal, it can be distributed to multiple channels. For example, the multiple channels include three main channels and one backup channel 500 (also known as a redundant backup channel), each capable of independently receiving the optical signal from the input optical network 100. The three main channels are used to drive three-axis gyroscopes: the X-axis gyroscope, the Y-axis gyroscope, and the Z-axis gyroscope. Furthermore, the design of the input optical network 100 needs to consider the uniformity of the optical signal. If the optical signal received by a certain channel is too strong or too weak, it may cause abnormal operation of that channel or even lead to misjudgment. Therefore, the input optical network 100 should employ a high-precision beam splitter and a reasonable optical path layout to ensure a balanced distribution of optical signals among the channels.

[0042] In some embodiments, each of the multiple channels is equipped with a detector, which can be used to detect whether each channel is faulty. That is, the sensitivity and response speed of the detector play a crucial role in improving the reliability of the system. If the detector fails to detect channel faults in a timely manner, the system may be unable to activate the redundancy switching mechanism at critical moments, thus affecting the success rate of the mission. Therefore, the detector should possess high sensitivity and low noise characteristics to accurately capture even minute changes in optical power.

[0043] When a fault is detected in a channel, the fault handling circuit board 800 generates a first control command and a second control command. The first control command can be used to shut down the optical switch corresponding to the faulty main channel. An optical switch is a device used to control the on / off state of optical signals and can adjust the conduction state of its channel based on control signals. When the optical switch is in the off state, the channel containing the optical switch will also be physically isolated, meaning it will no longer participate in the driving of a particular axis gyroscope.

[0044] In some embodiments, the optical switch within each main channel is designed to be normally-on, meaning it is in the on state when no driving voltage is applied and only disconnects the corresponding main channel upon receiving a shutdown control signal (e.g., a first control command). Furthermore, the response time of the optical switch directly affects the system's switching speed. If the response time of the optical switch is too long, a faulty channel may not be isolated in time, thus affecting the overall performance of the system. Therefore, the optical switch should possess fast response capability and high stability to ensure a rapid response in the event of a fault.

[0045] After isolating the faulty main channel via the first control command, the backup channel 500 can be activated via the second control command. The backup channel 500, as a backup channel, also possesses a complete modulation and detection structure. The backup channel 500 includes an optical switch matrix, comprising an upper arm switch group and a lower arm switch group, which can be flexibly connected to the output unit corresponding to any main channel.

[0046] Generally, the design of a backup channel 500 needs to consider its optical path layout and the configuration of its optical switches. If the optical path of the backup channel 500 is too complex or the number of optical switches is too large, it may lead to significant signal loss during transmission, thus affecting the overall performance of the system. Therefore, the backup channel 500 should maintain a simple optical path structure as much as possible, and the number and location of optical switches should be configured reasonably to ensure that the backup channel 500 can quickly take over the function of the main channel in the event of a failure.

[0047] After the optical switch in the backup channel 500 that matches the faulty main channel is turned on (i.e., the backup channel 500 is activated), the output optical signal processed by the backup channel 500 can be routed to the corresponding output unit in the output optical network 600. This optical switch matrix can flexibly adjust the transmission path of the optical signal according to control commands (e.g., a second control command). In this embodiment, each optical switch in the optical switch matrix can be controlled independently to achieve precise routing of the output optical signal from the backup channel 500.

[0048] After the output optical signal from the backup channel 500 is routed to the corresponding output unit in the output optical network 600, the corresponding output unit in the output optical network 600 can combine the output optical signal and send it to the external fiber optic sensitive ring (i.e., the first sensitive ring). This first sensitive ring is optically connected to the corresponding output unit in the output optical network 600. This first sensitive ring can be any one of the X-axis, Y-axis, or Z-axis fiber optic sensitive rings that matches the channel it resides in (the faulty main channel). This ensures that the system can still output signals through the same physical port in the event of a fault, thereby avoiding interference with connected external devices.

[0049] In some embodiments, the design of the output optical network 600 also needs to consider the matching of optical signals. If the design of the output optical network 600 is unreasonable, it may lead to mismatch of optical signals during transmission, thereby affecting the overall performance of the system.

[0050] The output optical network 600 is an optical path structure used to transmit the output optical signals of each channel to an external fiber optic sensing ring. The output of each main channel is connected to a corresponding output unit in the output optical network 600. When the main channel is working normally, the corresponding output unit in the output optical network 600 outputs the optical signal from the main channel to the external fiber optic sensing ring. When the main channel fails and is replaced by a backup channel, the corresponding output unit in the output optical network 600 outputs the output optical signal from the backup channel 500 to the fiber optic sensing ring that matches the failed main channel. Because the design of the output optical network 600 ensures the consistency of the external interfaces, seamless switching can be achieved without changing the original fiber optic splicing process or pigtail layout.

[0051] The output optical network 600 ensures that the output optical signal can be sent to an external fiber optic sensing ring through the same physical port, whether the fiber optic gyroscope chip is in normal or backup mode. Because the output optical network 600 uses a unified physical port design, it simplifies system maintenance and upgrades, and improves system compatibility and scalability. Furthermore, the output optical network 600 effectively reduces stray light interference, improving signal purity and stability.

[0052] In this embodiment, the optical signal is evenly distributed to multiple channels via the input optical network 100. If a channel fails while the backup channel remains functional, the backup channel 500 replaces the faulty channel. This allows the system to achieve real-time diagnosis and redundancy switching of the main channel without significantly increasing size and power consumption, thereby improving system reliability and lifespan. Compared to the prior art's use of multiple independent gyroscopes for redundancy, this invention integrates the backup channel 500, achieving fault isolation and hot backup on a single chip, avoiding the structural complexity and high cost associated with external redundant devices. It also significantly improves system reliability while effectively reducing size, weight, and power consumption, making it suitable for various high-end applications such as aerospace, ship navigation, underwater exploration, and weapon guidance.

[0053] In some embodiments, the backup channel 500 includes a modulator. The modulator of the backup channel 500 is used to receive a drive signal corresponding to the first main channel 200, and to perform phase modulation on the optical signal of the input optical network 100 based on the drive signal corresponding to the first main channel 200 to generate an output optical signal.

[0054] Here, the modulator of the backup channel 500 refers to the functional unit in the backup channel 500 used to apply phase modulation to the optical signal distributed by the backup channel 500. The modulator of the backup channel 500 can be implemented using electro-optic modulation, thermo-optic modulation, or other methods. When a channel fails, the modulator of the backup channel 500 takes over the phase modulation of the optical signal in place of the failed main channel, ensuring uninterrupted closed-loop control of the fiber optic gyroscope system. The modulator of the backup channel 500 has the same performance parameters as the modulator in the failed main channel, so as to seamlessly take over the function of the modulator in the failed main channel.

[0055] For example, when the main channel malfunctions due to waveguide breakage, electrode aging, or modulator failure, the fault handling circuit board 800 redirects the drive signal originally applied to the modulator in the faulty main channel to the modulator in the backup channel 500. The modulator in the backup channel 500 modulates the input optical signal according to the received drive signal, thereby generating an output optical signal usable for interferometry. This allows the fiber optic gyroscope chip to complete fault diagnosis and redundancy switching within milliseconds, maintaining the basic functions of three-axis inertial navigation without external intervention. Compared to multiple redundant channel schemes in related technologies, using a modulator in the backup channel 500 not only reduces size, weight, and power consumption but also improves the availability and survivability of the fiber optic gyroscope chip in complex environments.

[0056] In this embodiment, multiple channels are first checked for faults. If a channel is faulty, the optical switch of that channel is turned off and a backup channel 500 is activated. Simultaneously, the modulator of the backup channel 500 is used to perform phase modulation of the optical signal. Finally, the output optical signal of the backup channel 500 is connected to the output optical network 600 to ensure stable system operation. This enables automatic switching of the optical signal path and continuous operation of the fiber optic gyroscope chip.

[0057] In some embodiments, the backup channel 500 further includes a detector, a beam splitter, an upper arm beam splitter, a lower arm beam splitter, an upper arm switch group, and a lower arm switch group. The modulator of the backup channel 500 includes an upper arm modulator and a lower arm modulator. The detector is disposed on one arm at the input end of the beam splitter. The input ends of the upper arm modulator and the lower arm modulator are respectively connected to the output end of the beam splitter. The output end of the upper arm modulator is connected to the upper arm switch group through the upper arm beam splitter. The output end of the lower arm modulator is connected to the lower arm switch group through the lower arm beam splitter.

[0058] The detector is used to extract the optical signal allocated by the backup channel 500 from the beam splitter and to detect the photocurrent signal of the standby channel 500 based on the optical signal allocated by the backup channel 500.

[0059] The beam splitter is used to split the optical signal allocated by the backup channel 500 into two optical signals, and input the two optical signals to the upper arm modulator and the lower arm modulator respectively.

[0060] The upper arm modulator and the lower arm modulator are used to perform phase modulation on the two optical signals based on the driving signal corresponding to their respective channels, and generate the output optical signal. The upper arm beam splitter and the lower arm beam splitter are used to receive the output optical signals modulated by the upper arm modulator and the lower arm modulator, and route the output optical signals to the output optical network 600 through the upper arm switch group and the lower arm switch group.

[0061] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1B As shown, the fiber optic gyroscope chip includes three main channels and one backup channel 500 (e.g., channel R). The three main channels can be a first main channel 200 (e.g., channel A), a second main channel 300 (e.g., channel B), and a third main channel 400 (e.g., channel C). The first main channel 200 can also be called the X-axis channel; the second main channel 300 can also be called the Y-axis channel, and the third main channel 400 can also be called the Z-axis channel. Figure 1B As shown, the detector in the backup channel 500 is the fourth detector 510, the beam splitter is the seventh beam splitter 520, the upper arm beam splitter is the eighth beam splitter 550, the lower arm beam splitter is the ninth beam splitter 560, the upper arm modulator is the seventh modulator 530, and the lower arm modulator is the eighth modulator 540.

[0062] In some embodiments, the upper arm switch group and the lower arm switch group include multiple sets of upper arm optical switches and lower arm optical switches, with each set of upper arm optical switches and lower arm optical switches corresponding to a main channel.

[0063] For example, such as Figure 1BAs shown, the fiber optic gyroscope chip includes three main channels, and the upper arm switch group and lower arm switch group each include three sets of upper arm optical switches and lower arm optical switches. One main channel corresponds to one set of upper arm optical switches and lower arm optical switches. For example, the first main channel 200 corresponds to the fourth optical switch 5510 (upper arm optical switch) and the seventh optical switch 5610 (lower arm optical switch); the second main channel corresponds to the fifth optical switch 5520 (upper arm optical switch) and the eighth optical switch 5620 (lower arm optical switch); and the third main channel corresponds to the sixth optical switch 5530 (upper arm optical switch) and the ninth optical switch 5630 (lower arm optical switch). When the first main channel 200 fails, the fourth optical switch 5510 and the seventh optical switch 5610 in the backup channel 500 are turned on; when the second main channel 300 fails, the fifth optical switch 5520 and the eighth optical switch 5620 in the backup channel 500 can be turned on; when the third main channel 400 fails, the sixth optical switch 5530 and the ninth optical switch 5630 in the backup channel 500 can be turned on. This disclosure does not limit the correspondence between the optical switches in the main channel and the backup channel 500, as long as it conforms to actual use.

[0064] In some embodiments, the detector in the backup channel 500 can be a photodetector, used to monitor the operating status of the backup channel 500 in real time, ensuring that the backup channel 500 has sufficient optical power to support redundancy switching. The beam splitter in the backup channel 500 is an optical device that splits the optical signal into two beams and sends them to the upper and lower arms respectively, enabling dual-path transmission of the optical path. The upper and lower arm modulators respectively perform phase modulation on the split optical signals, thereby providing the required modulation signals for subsequent interferometric measurements. The upper and lower arm beam splitters receive the output optical signals from the upper and lower arm modulators respectively, and transmit the output optical signals to the upper and lower arm switch groups. The upper and lower arm switch groups consist of multiple switching optical switches used to control the routing direction of the optical signals, ensuring that the backup channel 500 can flexibly connect to the output unit of the main channel.

[0065] like Figure 1B As shown, the fourth detector 510 can detect changes in the photocurrent in the backup channel 500 by extracting a small portion of the optical signal from the seventh beam splitter 520, thereby determining whether the backup channel 500 has malfunctioned or is abnormal. The backup detector is crucial for the system to quickly activate the backup channel 500 when the main channel fails. When the main channel fails, the availability of the backup channel 500 can be confirmed by comparing the optical power signals of each channel, and a decision can be made on whether to perform a redundancy switch. Furthermore, the backup detector can also serve as part of the light source health monitoring, helping to distinguish between single-channel failures and common light source failures, avoiding misjudgments.

[0066] The seventh beam splitter 520 is connected to the second beam splitter 130 in the input optical network 100, and is used to split the input optical signal into a first redundant branch optical path and a second redundant branch optical path. A seventh modulator 530 and an eighth modulator 540 are respectively installed on the first and second redundant branch optical paths. The seventh modulator 530 and the eighth modulator 540 apply phase modulation of the same format as the faulty main channel to the optical signals in the first and second redundant branch optical paths, respectively. The optical signals modulated by the seventh modulator 530 and the eighth modulator 540 are then further processed and input into the eighth beam splitter 550 and the ninth beam splitter 560. It can be understood that the backup channel 500 is equipped with two modulators to maintain the same structure as the two phase modulators in the main channel, so that the backup channel 500 can still output two phase-modulated optical signals after taking over, keeping the demodulation and closed-loop logic unchanged.

[0067] The eighth beam splitter 550 and the ninth beam splitter 560 further refine the modulated optical signal, and then route the optical signal to the output optical network 600 through the upper arm switch group and the lower arm switch group. In this way, the system can quickly switch to the backup channel 500 when the main channel fails, while maintaining transparency to external interfaces, and the system does not need to change the configuration of the original fiber ring or other external equipment.

[0068] In this embodiment, the beam splitter within the backup channel 500 divides the optical signal into two paths, which are respectively fed into the upper arm modulator and the lower arm modulator for phase modulation. Subsequently, the modulated optical signal is transmitted through the upper and lower arm beam splitters to their respective optical switch groups, ultimately routing to the corresponding output unit in the output optical network 600. Simultaneously, the detector in the backup channel 500 continuously monitors its operating status. When the main channel fails, the backup channel 500 is automatically activated, achieving seamless switching and ensuring continuous and stable system operation. This enables real-time monitoring and fault isolation of the main channel and rapid activation of the backup channel 500, thereby improving the reliability and fault tolerance of the entire fiber optic gyroscope system.

[0069] In some embodiments, the output optical signal includes an upper arm output optical path signal and a lower arm output optical path signal. The upper arm switch group is a set of optical switches that control the routing of the upper arm output optical path signal in the backup channel 500. The upper arm switch group can selectively connect the upper arm output optical signal of the backup channel 500 to the output unit corresponding to the target channel according to the second control command.

[0070] The upper and lower arm optical switches in the upper and lower arm switch groups typically employ a normally closed structure design, remaining in the off state when no driving voltage is applied. This ensures that the upper backup channel does not interfere with the normal operation of the main channel in standby mode. The upper arm switch group receives control signals through a communication interface with the central control unit 700 and performs corresponding optical switch switching operations based on fault diagnosis results.

[0071] The lower arm switch group functions similarly to the upper arm switch group, controlling the routing of the lower arm output optical path signal in the backup channel 500. The lower arm switch group also consists of multiple lower arm optical switches, each corresponding to an output unit of the main channel. In the event of a main channel failure, the lower arm switch group can quickly reconfigure the optical path, allowing the lower arm output optical path signal of the backup channel 500 to connect to the corresponding output unit of the main channel, thus achieving seamless takeover of the failed main channel. The design of the lower arm switch group avoids introducing additional noise or crosstalk into the backup channel 500 when unnecessary, improving the stability and reliability of the system.

[0072] In some embodiments, the main channel is an independent optical path channel in the fiber optic gyroscope chip. When a channel fails and the backup channel is not faulty, the backup channel 500 will be activated, and the upper arm switch group and the lower arm switch group will take over the function of the faulty main channel. The number of working channels determines the number and complexity of switches required to configure the backup channel 500.

[0073] In some embodiments, the optical switch in the backup channel 500 features low insertion loss, high isolation, and fast response, making it suitable for high-frequency modulation and real-time fault switching scenarios.

[0074] In this embodiment, when an abnormal signal or performance degradation is detected in a certain channel, the upper arm optical switch and lower arm optical switch in the upper arm switch group and lower arm switch group corresponding to that channel can be triggered to conduct, thereby importing the output optical signal of the backup channel 500 into the output unit of the main channel, thus achieving seamless replacement of the faulty channel. The entire process does not require interruption of system operation, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the fiber optic gyroscope under complex working conditions.

[0075] In some embodiments, each main channel includes a detector, an optical switch, a polarizer, a beam splitter, and multiple modulators arranged sequentially along the light propagation direction; the detector is disposed on one arm of the input end of the beam splitter, and each modulator is connected to the corresponding output end of the beam splitter.

[0076] The detector is used to extract the second optical signal allocated to the channel from the beam splitter and to detect the photocurrent signal of the channel based on the optical signal allocated to the channel.

[0077] An optical switch is used to route the output optical signal of the corresponding output unit in the output optical network to the channel when switched to the on state; and to put the channel in a physically isolated state when switched to the off state.

[0078] A polarizer is used to adjust the optical signal assigned to the channel to a preset polarization state.

[0079] A channel beam splitter is used to split a light signal with a preset polarization state into multiple interferometer arm signals; each interferometer arm signal corresponds to a modulator.

[0080] Multiple phase modulators are used to perform phase modulation on the signals of multiple interferometer arms respectively, generate output optical signals, and route them to the corresponding output units in the output optical network.

[0081] In some embodiments, the detector of the main channel is used to monitor the optical signal intensity of the channel and generate a photocurrent signal. The detector may be composed of a photodiode. Specifically, the detector of the main channel detects the optical power level entering the channel beamsplitter in real time and feeds back the optical power level information to the fault processing circuit board 800 to determine whether the channel is faulty.

[0082] An optical switch is an optical element that controls whether an optical signal can pass through. It can switch between on and off states based on a first control command. If a fault occurs in the channel it is in, the optical switch will turn off, thereby physically isolating the channel and preventing it from affecting subsequent optical paths.

[0083] In fiber optic gyroscope systems, the polarization characteristics of the optical signal directly affect the interference effect and measurement accuracy. Therefore, a polarizer can be used to adjust the input optical signal to a specific polarization state (such as linear polarization) to ensure the stability and consistency of the subsequent interference process.

[0084] A beam splitter divides a single optical signal into multiple interferometer arms, each of which is then fed into a different modulator for phase modulation. The beam splitter determines the system's splitting capability, which in turn affects the sensitivity and dynamic range of the fiber optic gyroscope chip.

[0085] Each modulator in the main channel applies phase modulation to a beam of interferometer signals, causing the modulated optical signal to produce an interference effect after passing through the fiber optic sensing loop, thus reflecting changes in angular velocity. Each modulator in the main channel corresponds to one interferometer signal, ensuring that each channel operates independently without interference.

[0086] By integrating detectors, optical switches, polarizers, beam splitters, and multiple modulators into each main channel, comprehensive monitoring and precise control of the channel's operating status are achieved. This enables rapid response in the event of a fault, improving system reliability and stability, and thus enhancing overall performance.

[0087] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1B As shown, in the first main channel 200, the detector is the first detector 230, the optical switch is the first optical switch 210, the polarizer is the first polarizer 220, the beam splitter is the fourth beam splitter 240, and the multiple modulators are the first modulator 250 and the second modulator 260. In the second main channel 300, the detector is the second detector 330, the optical switch is the second optical switch 310, the polarizer is the second polarizer 320, the beam splitter is the fifth beam splitter 340, and the multiple modulators are the third modulator 350 and the fourth modulator 360. In the third main channel 400, the detector is the third detector 420, the optical switch is the third optical switch 410, the polarizer is the third polarizer 430, the beam splitter is the sixth beam splitter 440, and the multiple modulators are the fifth modulator 450 and the sixth modulator 460.

[0088] The following example uses the first main channel 200 as an example to illustrate each main channel.

[0089] For example, the first detector 230 extracts the second optical signal through the fourth beam splitter 240 and converts it into a photocurrent signal for the first main channel 200. This process can be accomplished by a photodiode, which generates a current upon receiving the second optical signal, the magnitude of which is proportional to the intensity of the optical signal. By extracting a portion of the optical signal from the fourth beam splitter 240 and converting it into a photocurrent signal, the first detector 230 can monitor changes in the optical signal in real time, thereby enabling timely detection of potential faults or anomalies.

[0090] The first detector 230 is positioned on one arm of the input end of the fourth beam splitter 240. This configuration does not affect the transmission of the main optical path while accurately acquiring the status information of the optical signal. The first detector 230 enables continuous monitoring of the operating status of the first main channel 200. This allows for rapid identification of abnormalities in the channel and the implementation of corresponding measures to prevent the fault from escalating, thereby improving the robustness of the system.

[0091] The on / off state of the first optical switch 210 is determined and decided by the fault processing circuit board 800 based on information fed back from the first detector 230. When the first detector 230 detects that the optical power in the first main channel 200 is lower than a preset threshold, it determines that the first main channel 200 may be faulty, and thus sends a first control command to the optical switch to switch it to the off state. In this way, the first main channel 200 can be disconnected to prevent the fault signal from continuing to propagate. Through the intelligent control of the first optical switch 210, rapid isolation of the faulty first main channel 200 can be achieved.

[0092] The first polarizer 220 adjusts the polarization state of the optical signal to a predetermined form. The first polarizer 220 can be implemented using optical elements such as waveplates or polarization beam splitters. By adjusting the polarization direction of the optical signal, it ensures that the two interferometer arm signals have the same polarization characteristics, thereby guaranteeing that the two interferometer arm signals can match each other during interference and reducing errors. By setting the first polarizer 220, the polarization characteristics of the optical signal can be kept consistent, thus improving the measurement accuracy and stability of the fiber optic gyroscope chip; avoiding interference imbalance caused by inconsistent polarization, and further improving the system performance.

[0093] The fourth beam splitter 240 is used to split a beam of optical signal into multiple interferometer arm signals, each of which enters a corresponding phase modulator. The first modulator 250 and the second modulator 260 apply phase modulation to the interferometer arm signals to achieve precise control of the optical signal. By modulating different interferometer arm signals, the first modulator 250 and the second modulator 260 can generate the desired output optical signal, which is then used for subsequent interferometric measurements.

[0094] For example, the first modulator 250 and the second modulator 260 can respectively apply reciprocal or non-reciprocal phase modulation to the two interferometer arm signals. This enables push-pull phase modulation of the two interferometer arm signals. That is, when the modulating signals act on the two channels with opposite phases, the effective phase difference applied to the two optical paths will be doubled, thereby significantly improving the modulation efficiency. This push-pull operation not only amplifies the effective Sagnac phase difference signal, but also, due to its inherent common-mode rejection characteristics, can effectively reduce the impact of common-mode noise such as light source intensity fluctuations and temperature drift on the system bias stability. Therefore, two-arm modulation not only improves the signal-to-noise ratio and demodulation stability, but also provides a key modulation architecture for the fiber optic gyroscope to achieve high-precision, low-drift, and long-term stable operation.

[0095] Through the coordinated operation of the fourth beam splitter 240, the first modulator 250, and the second modulator 260, precise control of the optical signal is achieved. This ensures that each interferometer arm signal can be modulated independently, thereby improving the system's flexibility and adaptability to meet the needs of different application scenarios.

[0096] In some embodiments, to achieve finer-grained fault location, such as distinguishing whether the fault occurs in the first beam splitter 120, the first modulator 250, or the first polarizer 220, monitoring and detection points can be added at the output of the sub-units in the first main channel 200 or at the ends of each modulation arm. By comparing the optical power or modulation response signal at each monitoring point, the specific component causing the fault can be accurately located. While this improves fault diagnosis capabilities, it also introduces additional waveguide branches, coupling structures, and photodetectors onto the fiber optic gyroscope chip, resulting in increased chip area and additional optical insertion loss.

[0097] The structures of the second main channel 300 and the third main channel 400 are basically the same as those of the first main channel 200. The second main channel 300 includes a second optical switch 310, a second polarizer 320, a fifth beam splitter 340, a third modulator 350, a fourth modulator 360, and a second detector 330 located on one arm of the input end of the fifth beam splitter 340, all arranged along the light propagation direction. The third main channel 400 includes a third optical switch 410, a third polarizer 430, a sixth beam splitter 440, a fifth modulator 450, a sixth modulator 460, and a third detector 420 located on one arm of the input end of the sixth beam splitter 440, all arranged along the light propagation direction. For detailed information, please refer to the description of the first main channel 200 above; it will not be repeated here. In this way, the three main channels form independent three-axis optical paths within the fiber optic gyroscope chip, each with fault monitoring capabilities.

[0098] In this embodiment, by integrating detectors, optical switches, polarizers, channel beam splitters, and multiple phase modulators into each main channel, the channel operation status monitoring and control mechanism is optimized. This enables rapid diagnosis and isolation of channel faults, significantly improving system reliability and availability, and effectively addressing high reliability requirements in complex environments.

[0099] In some embodiments, the input optical network 100 includes a first edge coupler 110 and at least one beam splitter, wherein the first edge coupler 110 is connected to at least one beam splitter.

[0100] A first edge coupler 110 is used to receive optical signals and send optical signals to at least one beam splitter.

[0101] At least one input beam splitter is used to distribute optical signals to at least one main channel and at least one backup channel.

[0102] In some embodiments, the input optical network 100 is used to introduce and distribute external light sources into the fiber optic gyroscope chip. Exemplarily, the input optical network 100 consists of a first edge coupler 110 and at least one beam splitter, responsible for uniformly distributing the optical signal from the external light source to each main channel and backup channel 500. The first edge coupler 110 can serve as the first interface for the optical signal to enter the fiber optic gyroscope chip, efficiently coupling the optical signal in the optical fiber to the waveguide system within the fiber optic gyroscope chip. The beam splitter is used to split a single input optical signal into multiple outputs. Exemplarily, the beam splitter can employ a Y-branch structure or a multimode interference (MMI) structure. The beam splitter is optically connected to the optical switch in each main channel, ensuring that each main channel can receive the optical signal.

[0103] like Figure 1BAs shown, at least one beamsplitter in the input optical network 100 includes a first beamsplitter 120, a second beamsplitter 130, and a third beamsplitter 140. The first beamsplitter 120 is connected to a first edge coupler 110. The inputs of the second beamsplitter 130 and the third beamsplitter 140 are respectively connected to the two outputs of the first beamsplitter 120. The first output of the second beamsplitter 130 is connected to the first optical switch 210 of the first main channel 200, and the second output of the second beamsplitter 130 is connected to the seventh beamsplitter 520 of the backup working channel. The first output of the third beamsplitter 140 is connected to the second optical switch 310 of the second main channel 300, and the second output of the third beamsplitter 140 is connected to the third optical switch 410 of the third main channel 400. It is understood that the number of beamsplitters in the input optical network 100 is related to the number of main channels.

[0104] In some embodiments, the first edge coupler 110 is used to accurately guide optical signals emitted from an external light source into the optical path system inside the fiber optic gyroscope chip. To improve system stability and reliability, the first edge coupler 110 typically employs a combination of a slanted waveguide and a tapered structure to accommodate different types of fiber optic interfaces. The input beam splitter is also used to distribute the optical signal to each main channel and backup channel 500 according to a predetermined distribution method while ensuring the optical signal strength. Exemplarily, the input beam splitter distributes the optical signal evenly to each main channel and backup channel 500, ensuring that all channels receive the same optical power input under normal operating conditions, thereby reducing measurement errors caused by uneven optical power.

[0105] Of course, to ensure the stable operation of the fiber optic gyroscope chip, the optical power allocation of each channel can be pre-designed. This preset power allocation ratio can be flexibly designed according to the overall power budget, the total loss of each optical path, and the reliability design strategy. Under the design principle of "primary channel priority, backup channel 500 available", higher power can be allocated to the three primary channels (e.g., each channel accounts for approximately 25%-35% of the total optical signal power), while the backup channel can be configured with slightly lower power to ensure its normal operation (e.g., 5%-25%). Alternatively, an equal allocation scheme (e.g., 25% each) can be adopted if there is sufficient optical power margin. The specific allocation ratio can be determined by balancing factors such as the output power of the light source, the differences in link losses, and the system's response speed and signal-to-noise ratio to the backup channel 500. For example, the optical signal allocation ratio of three primary channels and one backup channel 500 can be 3:3:3:1. In some application scenarios, it may be necessary to reserve more optical power margin for the backup channel 500 so that it can quickly take over in the event of a failure. At this point, the input beam splitter can guide more optical signals to the backup channel 500 by changing the beam splitting ratio.

[0106] In this embodiment, by introducing a first edge coupler 110 and at least one beam splitter into the input optical network 100, efficient access to external light sources and fine allocation of internal optical paths are achieved. This ensures that each working channel and backup channel 500 can obtain stable optical signal input under different operating conditions, thereby improving the overall performance and stability of the system and effectively meeting the application requirements in complex environments.

[0107] In some embodiments, the output optical network 600 includes an output unit corresponding to each main channel. Each output unit corresponding to each main channel includes an upper arm combiner, a lower arm combiner, an upper arm edge fusion unit, and a lower arm edge fusion unit. The upper arm combiner and the upper arm edge fusion unit are connected. The lower arm combiner and the lower arm edge fusion unit are connected. The output end of each main channel is connected to the upper arm combiner and the lower arm combiner in the corresponding output unit.

[0108] The upper arm combiner and the lower arm combiner are used to receive the output optical signals of the matched main channel or backup channel 500, and output them through the upper arm edge combiner and the lower arm edge combiner, respectively.

[0109] In some embodiments, the output optical network 600 is used to combine the output optical signals of each main channel and finally output them to an external fiber optic sensing ring. Exemplarily, the output optical network 600 is responsible for establishing a connection between the output optical signals (including two interferometer signals) from the main channel or backup channel 500 and the external optical path through edge couplers (i.e., upper arm edge merging and lower arm edge merging), ensuring that the optical signals can be stably transmitted to the external fiber optic sensing ring, thereby maintaining normal operation.

[0110] Each main channel corresponds to an output unit. The upper arm combiner in the output unit is used to transmit the upper interferometer signal of the main channel or the upper interferometer signal of the backup channel 500 to the upper arm edge combiner, and the lower arm combiner is used to transmit the lower interferometer signal of the main channel or the lower interferometer signal of the backup channel 500 to the lower arm edge combiner. The upper arm edge combiner and the lower arm edge combiner are used to achieve efficient coupling between the output optical signal (i.e., the upper interferometer signal and the lower interferometer signal) and the external fiber optic sensing ring.

[0111] The direct connection between the upper arm combiner and the upper arm edge fusion unit, and the direct connection between the lower arm combiner and the lower arm edge fusion unit, ensures that the signals from both interferometer arms can smoothly enter the edge fusion unit and be coupled to the external fiber optic sensitive ring through the edge fusion unit, thus avoiding loss or distortion of the optical signal during transmission.

[0112] When each main channel is operating normally, the output optical signal of the main channel is output to the external fiber optic sensitive ring through the upper arm combiner, lower arm combiner, upper arm edge fusion unit and lower arm edge fusion unit in the output unit matched with the main channel, respectively. When the main channel fails and is taken over by the backup channel 500, the output optical signal of the backup channel 500 is also output to the external fiber optic sensitive ring through the upper arm combiner, lower arm combiner, upper arm edge fusion unit and lower arm edge fusion unit in the output unit matched with the failed main channel. The interface of the external fiber optic sensitive ring remains unchanged, and the fiber optic gyroscope chip achieves transparent switching of the interface of the fiber optic sensitive ring.

[0113] The aforementioned upper and lower arm edge mergers not only perform optical signal output but also possess high-precision optical coupling capabilities. They typically employ a slanted waveguide and tapered mode conversion structure, which improves coupling efficiency with standard single-mode fiber, thereby reducing insertion loss and further enhancing overall system performance. In some embodiments, the edge merger design may differ to accommodate different material platforms (such as LNOI or SOI). For example, on the LNOI platform, the edge merger may employ a more refined electrode design to support high-speed modulation; on the SOI platform, the edge merger may utilize a mature MMI structure to achieve efficient optical power distribution and beam combining.

[0114] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1B As shown, the output optical network 600 includes output units corresponding to the first main channel 200, the second main channel 300, and the third main channel 400. The output units corresponding to the first main channel 200 include a first combiner 6100, a second combiner 6200, a second edge coupler 6110, and a third edge coupler 6120. The output of the first combiner 6100 is connected to the second edge coupler 6110, and the input of the first combiner 6100 is connected to the first modulator 250 and the fourth optical switch 5510, respectively. The output of the second combiner 6200 is connected to the third edge coupler 6120, and the input of the second combiner 6200 is connected to the second modulator 260 and the seventh optical switch 5610, respectively.

[0115] The output units corresponding to the second main channel 200 include a third combiner 6300, a fourth combiner 6400, a fourth edge coupler 6310, and a fifth edge coupler 6410. The output of the third combiner 6300 is connected to the fourth edge coupler 6310, and the input of the third combiner 6300 is connected to the third modulator 350 and the fifth optical switch 5520, respectively. The output of the fourth combiner 6400 is connected to the fifth edge coupler 6410, and the input of the fourth combiner 6400 is connected to the fourth modulator 360 and the eighth optical switch 5620, respectively.

[0116] The output units corresponding to the third main channel 300 include a fifth combiner 6500, a sixth combiner 6600, a sixth edge coupler 6510, and a seventh edge coupler 6610. The output of the fifth combiner 6500 is connected to the sixth edge coupler 6510, and the input of the fifth combiner 6500 is connected to the fifth modulator 450 and the sixth optical switch 5530, respectively. The output of the sixth combiner 6600 is connected to the seventh edge coupler 6610, and the input of the sixth combiner 6600 is connected to the sixth modulator 460 and the ninth optical switch 5630, respectively.

[0117] In this embodiment, by setting an independent output unit for each main channel, when the main channel switches to a backup channel, the backup channel can directly route and output optical signals through the output unit corresponding to the main channel, thereby replacing the faulty main channel. This allows for rapid restoration of system functionality when the main channel fails, maintaining continuous operation of the fiber optic gyroscope and significantly improving system reliability and environmental adaptability.

[0118] In some embodiments, the optical switch in each main channel is designed as a normally closed structure; the upper arm optical switch and the lower arm optical switch in the backup channel 500 are designed as normally open structures; when no driving voltage is applied, the normally closed structure remains in the conducting state; the normally open structure remains in the off state.

[0119] In some embodiments, the normally closed structure means that the optical switches in each main channel are in the on state by default when no driving voltage is applied. The normally closed structure ensures that the main channel can automatically remain connected when the fiber optic gyroscope chip is initialized or the fault handling circuit board 800 is not working properly, thereby ensuring that the fiber optic gyroscope chip has basic operational capabilities. In contrast to the normally closed structure, the normally open structure means that the upper arm optical switches and lower arm optical switches in the backup channel 500 are in the off state by default when no driving voltage is applied, and will only be turned on after receiving a second control command, thereby achieving physical isolation of the backup channel 500.

[0120] By designing the optical switch of the main channel as a normally closed structure, the minimum functional output of the fault handling circuit board 800 can be maintained in the event of power failure or failure of the fault handling circuit board 800. By designing the upper arm optical switch and the lower arm optical switch in the backup channel 500 as normally open structures, it can be ensured that the backup channel 500 will not introduce stray light interference in the inactive state, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the system.

[0121] In this embodiment, by designing the optical switch in the main channel as a normally closed structure and the upper and lower arm optical switches in the backup channel 500 as normally open structures, the system can maintain its basic functions even when the control circuit malfunctions. This avoids system interruptions due to lost control commands and further improves the overall reliability and security of the fiber optic gyroscope chip.

[0122] In some embodiments, the fiber optic gyroscope chip is fabricated based on a lithium niobate thin film material platform or a silicon-on-insulator material platform, and the optical switch, upper arm optical switch and lower arm optical switch are thermo-optic switches and / or electro-optic switches, and the modulator is a push-pull electro-optic phase modulator.

[0123] For example, fiber optic gyroscope chips can be implemented using two different integrated optical platforms: one based on lithium niobate thin film (LNOI) material platform; and the other based on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) material platform. The LNOI-based and SOI-based platforms each possess unique physical properties and manufacturing process advantages, enabling them to meet the performance requirements of different application scenarios.

[0124] For example, when using LNOI materials, the waveguides and modulators inside the fiber optic gyroscope chip can utilize the electro-optic effect of LNOI to achieve high-speed, high-linearity phase modulation. Simultaneously, LNOI materials possess excellent thermo-optical response characteristics, making them suitable for constructing high-performance optical switches and interferometric modulation structures. Furthermore, due to the low loss and large bandwidth characteristics of LNOI materials, the LNOI platform is suitable for inertial measurement systems requiring high precision and fast response. When using SOI materials, fiber optic gyroscope chips can achieve high-density integration using CMOS-compatible processes. The SOI platform supports various types of modulator designs, such as carrier injection or depletion modulators, facilitating the construction of complex beam-splitting networks and switches. SOI materials are suitable for the demands of large-scale integration and low-cost mass production. By selecting different material platforms, fiber optic gyroscope chip systems can flexibly adapt to various application environments while ensuring performance, simultaneously balancing chip accuracy and cost-effectiveness.

[0125] In some embodiments, when the fiber optic gyroscope chip is implemented using an LNOI material platform, the waveguides of the input optical network 100, the three main channels, the backup channel 500, and the output optical network 600 in the fiber optic gyroscope chip can all adopt strip or ridge waveguide structures fabricated on a lithium niobate thin film layer. The modulators in the three main channels and the modulators in the backup channel 500 (as shown in Figure 1, the first modulator 250, the second modulator 260, the third modulator 350, the fourth modulator 360, the fifth modulator 450, the sixth modulator 460, the seventh modulator 530, and the eighth modulator 540) adopt a push-pull electro-optic modulation structure, with differential electrodes arranged on both sides or above the waveguide, and high linearity phase modulation is achieved by applying an inverting driving voltage. Due to the fast electro-optic response speed and low loss of the LNOI platform, the three main channels and the backup channel 500 can all obtain a large adjustable phase range and a high modulation bandwidth, thereby further improving the dynamic performance and environmental adaptability of the fiber optic gyroscope chip.

[0126] When the fiber optic gyroscope chip is implemented using an SOI material platform, the various beam splitters and combiners in the input optical network 100 and output optical network 600 of the fiber optic gyroscope chip can adopt MMI (multimode interference) structures or Y-branch structures to achieve multi-path optical power distribution and beam combining within a small footprint. The phase modulators in the three main channels can adopt PN or PIN carrier injection / depletion modulators to achieve refractive index modulation by changing the carrier distribution within the waveguide. The optical switch can adopt a Mach-Zehnder interference modulation structure, achieving switching functionality by introducing a phase difference on the interference arms. The edge coupler can adopt a slanted waveguide and tapered mode conversion structure to improve coupling efficiency with standard optical fibers. The SOI platform is beneficial for further improving integration density and reducing production costs, and is particularly suitable for the implementation of multi-channel redundant structures and large-scale optical switch matrices. Depending on the actual application scenario, one can choose between the LNOI platform and the SOI platform, or a hybrid approach of both can be used. This disclosure does not limit the materials used in the fiber optic gyroscope chip.

[0127] In some embodiments, the optical switch, upper arm optical switch, and lower arm optical switch can be selected from thermo-optical switches or electro-optical switches, or a combination of both, depending on actual needs. Thermo-optical switches achieve optical path switching by changing the waveguide refractive index through heating; they offer good stability and long lifespan but have a relatively slow response speed. Electro-optical switches achieve rapid optical path control by adjusting the electric field in the waveguide through an applied voltage, making them suitable for applications requiring dynamic adjustment.

[0128] For example, the optical switch, upper arm optical switch, and lower arm optical switch can simultaneously employ both thermo-optical switches and electro-optical switches, enabling collaborative operation and more efficient optical path management. For instance, a thermo-optical switch is used to maintain a stable optical path during normal operation; while in case of fault diagnosis or redundancy switching, an electro-optical switch is activated to quickly reconfigure the optical path, thereby improving the overall system's fault tolerance and adaptability. By combining electro-optical switches with thermo-optical switches, overall response efficiency can be improved while ensuring system stability.

[0129] In some embodiments, the modulators in the backup channel 500 and each main channel can all employ a push-pull electro-optic phase modulator structure. The push-pull electro-optic phase modulator structure consists of two oppositely connected electrodes. A differential driving voltage is applied by a control module, which acts on the push-pull electro-optic phase modulator structure, causing opposite electric fields to be generated on both sides of the waveguide. This design achieves a more uniform phase modulation effect. Compared to single-ended modulation, the push-pull electro-optic phase modulator structure effectively reduces nonlinear distortion and improves modulation accuracy and dynamic range. Furthermore, the push-pull electro-optic phase modulator is suitable for fiber optic gyroscope systems requiring high fidelity and low noise. The push-pull electro-optic phase modulator not only provides stable phase control but also reduces optical path deviation caused by asymmetrical electric fields, thereby improving the measurement accuracy and long-term stability of the entire system.

[0130] By using a push-pull electro-optic phase modulator as the core modulation unit, signal distortion caused by modulation errors can be reduced, thereby improving the angular velocity measurement accuracy of the fiber optic gyroscope and further enhancing the overall reliability and availability of the inertial navigation system.

[0131] In this embodiment, by selecting different material platforms (such as LNOI or SOI), combining various types of optical switches (such as thermo-optical switches and electro-optical switches), and employing a push-pull electro-optical phase modulator, a high-performance, high-reliability, and highly integrated fiber optic gyroscope chip system is achieved. This collectively improves the measurement accuracy, response speed, and adaptability of the fiber optic gyroscope chip.

[0132] In another embodiment of this disclosure, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 This illustrates a fault handling circuit board 800 provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example... Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the fault handling circuit board 800 may include a fiber optic gyroscope chip, an optical power detection circuit module 730, a fault diagnosis module 710, a redundancy switching logic module 720, an optical switch driving circuit module 740, and a redundancy switch driving circuit module 750. The optical power detection circuit module 730 is connected to the fiber optic gyroscope chip and the fault diagnosis module 710, respectively. The fault diagnosis module 710 is connected to the redundancy switching logic module 720, respectively. The redundancy switching logic module 720 is connected to the optical switch driving circuit module 740 and the redundancy switch driving circuit module 750, respectively. The optical power detection circuit module 730 is used to acquire the photocurrent signals of multiple channels in the fiber optic gyroscope chip and convert the photocurrent signal of each channel into a digital voltage. The fault diagnosis module 710 is used to compare the digital voltage of each channel with a preset threshold to determine the fault diagnosis result of each channel. The redundancy switching logic module 720 is used to generate a first control command and a second control command based on the redundancy switching truth table and the fault diagnosis results of each channel. The optical switch drive circuit module 740 is used to control the target channel to switch to the off state in response to the first control command. The target channel is the faulty main channel. The redundant switch drive circuit module 750 is used to control the backup channel to switch to the on state in response to the second control command, so as to replace the target channel in routing the output optical signal of the backup channel to the corresponding output unit in the output optical network.

[0133] In some embodiments, the optical power detection circuit module 730 acquires the photocurrent signal of each channel in the fiber optic gyroscope chip and then converts the photocurrent signal into a digital voltage value. By designing the optical power detection circuit module 730, the fault handling circuit board 800 can continuously monitor the operating status of each channel without interrupting normal operation, thereby achieving early fault warning. Exemplarily, the optical power detection circuit module 730 may include multiple high-precision analog-to-digital converters.

[0134] In some embodiments, the optical power detection circuit module 730 collects optical power information entering each channel using detectors integrated in multiple main channels and backup channels 500. For example, each main channel can be equipped with an independent optical power monitoring point to detect the optical power level entering the main channel. Simultaneously, the backup channels 500 are also equipped with corresponding input optical power monitoring points. These photocurrent signals are converted from analog to digital to form digital voltage values ​​that can be used for fault diagnosis. Through the above optical power detection method, the system can accurately identify whether a channel experiences an abnormal drop in optical power due to waveguide breakage, electrode aging, or other reasons.

[0135] The fault diagnosis module 710 analyzes the digital voltage from the optical power detection circuit module 730 and compares it with a set fault threshold. If the digital voltage of a certain channel is lower than the preset threshold, it may indicate a fault in that channel. To prevent false positives, the fault diagnosis module 710 also introduces a light source health monitoring mechanism, which determines a light source fault rather than a fault in a specific channel when the optical power of all channels drops simultaneously. By introducing the light source health monitoring mechanism, the fault diagnosis module 710 avoids unnecessary redundant switching, improving the stability and reliability of the system.

[0136] The redundancy switching logic module 720 serves as the decision-making unit. Based on the fault diagnosis results provided by the fault diagnosis module 710 and combined with a preset redundancy switching truth table, the redundancy switching logic module 720 generates corresponding control commands. For example, the first control command is used to close the optical switch of the faulty main channel, achieving physical isolation of the faulty main channel. The second control command is used to activate the upper arm optical switch and lower arm optical switch in the backup channel 500 that match the faulty main channel, enabling the backup channel 500 to take over the function of the faulty main channel. The redundancy switching logic module 720 can be designed with switching strategies in mind, such as priority switching and polling switching, to adapt to different application scenarios and requirements.

[0137] The optical switch driver circuit module 740 is responsible for receiving and executing the first control command issued by the redundancy switching logic module 720 to control the optical switch of the faulty main channel. When a channel is determined to be faulty, the optical switch driver circuit module 740 immediately sends a shutdown signal, causing the optical switch of the faulty main channel to switch from the normally open state to the off state, thereby cutting off the optical path input of the faulty main channel and preventing the fault signal from continuing to propagate and interfering with other channels. The optical switch driver circuit module 740 can complete the process of sending the shutdown signal and cutting off the channel optical path input within milliseconds, ensuring the system's rapid response capability.

[0138] The redundant switch drive circuit module 750, responding to the second control command issued by the redundant switching logic module 720, operates the upper arm optical switch and lower arm optical switch in the backup channel 500 that match the faulty main channel, enabling the output optical signal of the backup channel 500 to be correctly routed to the corresponding output unit of the faulty main channel. The operation of the upper arm optical switch and lower arm optical switch in the backup channel 500 by the redundant switch drive circuit module 750 relies on the flexible configuration capability of the optical switches in the backup channel 500. The optical switches in the backup channel 500 can dynamically adjust the optical path connection according to a preset switching path. This allows for the reconstruction of the internal optical path without changing the external interface, thereby maintaining the normal operation of the fiber optic gyroscope.

[0139] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the fault handling circuit board 800 also includes a central control unit 700. The central control unit 700 integrates a fault diagnosis module 710 and a redundancy switching logic module 720.

[0140] The optical power detection circuit module 730 is electrically connected to the first detector 230, the second detector 330, the third detector 420, and the fourth detector 510 via the first board-level connector 810. The optical power detection circuit module 730 internally includes a first optical power detection channel 731, a second optical power monitoring channel 732, a third optical power monitoring channel 733, and a fourth optical power detection channel 734. These channels acquire the photocurrent signals output by the first detector 230, the second detector 330, the third detector 420, and the fourth detector 510 respectively via the first board-level connector 810, convert the photocurrent signals into digital voltage signals, and send them to the central control unit 700.

[0141] For example, the first optical power detection channel 731, the second optical power monitoring channel 732, the third optical power monitoring channel 733 and the fourth optical power detection channel 734 in the optical power detection circuit module 730 respectively complete the acquisition, transimpedance, filtering, sampling and digitization of the photocurrent signal of each detector, and finally input it into the fault diagnosis module 710 in the central control unit 700.

[0142] The fault diagnosis module 710 compares the digital voltage signal from the optical power detection circuit module 730 with a preset threshold to determine whether each main channel and light source is in a normal state. Upon receiving the fault determination result, the redundancy switching logic module 720 generates corresponding switching control commands and modulation signal switching commands based on the stored redundancy switching truth table. It is understood that different channels among multiple channels can have different preset thresholds set due to differences in tap ratio, responsivity, and link loss. These preset thresholds can be written to the register / EEPROM after factory calibration.

[0143] The optical switch driver circuit module 740 can be electrically connected to the first optical switch 210, the second optical switch 310, and the third optical switch 410 via the third board-level connector 830. The optical switch driver circuit module 740 includes a first optical switch driver unit 741, a second optical switch driver unit 742, and a third optical switch driver unit 743. The first optical switch driver unit 741, the second optical switch driver unit 742, and the third optical switch driver unit 743 can respond to control signals output by the redundancy switching logic module 720 within the central control unit 700 to control the first optical switch 210, the second optical switch 310, and the third optical switch 410 to be turned on or off. These control signals can be switch-on control commands or switch-off control commands.

[0144] The redundant switch drive circuit module 750 can be electrically connected to the upper arm switch group and the lower arm switch group in the backup channel through the third board-level connector 830. The redundant switch drive circuit module 750 includes a first redundant switch drive group 751 and a second redundant switch drive group 752. The first redundant switch drive group 751 is used to drive the fourth optical switch 5510, the fifth optical switch 5520 and the sixth optical switch 5530 in the upper arm switch group; the second redundant switch drive group 751 is used to drive the seventh optical switch 5610, the eighth optical switch 5620 and the ninth optical switch 5630 in the lower arm switch group, thereby realizing the optical path reconstruction between the backup channel 500 and the faulty main channel output unit.

[0145] In this embodiment of the disclosure, by integrating the fiber optic gyroscope chip into a fault processing circuit board 800 with fault self-diagnosis and redundancy switching functions, real-time monitoring and online hot backup of the main channel can be achieved, thereby significantly improving the reliability and environmental adaptability of the fiber optic gyroscope chip, and thus meeting the needs of high-reliability application scenarios such as aerospace and deep-sea exploration.

[0146] In some embodiments, the fault handling circuit board 800 further includes a modulator driving circuit module 760; the modulator driving circuit module 760 is used to apply the driving signal corresponding to the target channel to the modulator of the backup channel 500, so that the modulator of the backup channel 500 performs phase modulation on the optical signal allocated to the backup channel to generate an output optical signal.

[0147] In some embodiments, the modulator drive circuit module 760 is an electronic circuit module for controlling and driving the modulator in the main channel or backup channel. The modulator drive circuit module 760 provides appropriate voltage or current signals to the modulator in the main channel or backup channel according to the modulation waveform or modulation signal switching command sent by the redundancy switching logic module 720, thereby achieving precise phase modulation of the optical signal.

[0148] For example, the modulator driver circuit module 760 may consist of a high-precision power supply, a signal amplifier, a timing controller, etc., and can meet the requirements of high speed, high linearity and low noise.

[0149] The modulator drive circuit module 760 may include a first modulator drive unit 761, a second modulator drive unit 762, and a third modulator drive unit 763. The first modulator drive unit 761 is electrically connected to the first modulator 250 and the second modulator 260, respectively; the second modulator drive unit 762 is electrically connected to the third modulator 350 and the fourth modulator 360, respectively; and the third modulator drive unit 763 is electrically connected to the fifth modulator 450 and the sixth modulator 460, respectively. When a channel fails and is physically isolated, the modulator drive circuit module 760 automatically remaps the drive signal originally applied to the main channel with the failure to the modulator in the backup channel 500 to ensure that closed-loop control is not interrupted.

[0150] For example, in the event of a failure in the first main channel 200, the modulator drive circuit module 760 redistributes the electrical signals originally used to drive the first modulator 250 and the second modulator 260 to the seventh modulator 530 and the eighth modulator 540 in the backup channel 500, so that the backup channel 500 can continue to perform the same working tasks as the first main channel 200.

[0151] In some embodiments, the modulator driver circuit module 760 can be integrated on the fault handling circuit board 800 and connected to the integrated optical chip via a standardized interface (such as an FPC cable, BGA package, etc.). To accommodate the differences in electro-optical characteristics of different material platforms (such as LNOI or SOI), the modulator driver circuit module 760 also needs to support multiple modulation formats (such as sine waves, square waves, triangle waves, etc.) and have the function of dynamically adjusting the bias point and gain to optimize modulation efficiency and signal-to-noise ratio.

[0152] The modulator driver circuit module 760 can be implemented using different technical solutions. For example, a push-pull differential drive structure can be selected for a high-bandwidth modulator based on a lithium niobate thin film platform. In addition, to improve the robustness of the system, the modulator driver circuit module 760 can also integrate overvoltage protection, temperature compensation, and self-testing mechanisms to prevent the modulator from malfunctioning due to external interference.

[0153] In this embodiment, by providing a modulator drive circuit module 760, the modulation signal can be quickly redirected to the modulator of the backup channel 500 when the main channel fails. This ensures that the fiber optic gyroscope system maintains stable modulation performance during switching, thereby maintaining the continuity and accuracy of inertial measurement and effectively improving the system's reliability and environmental adaptability.

[0154] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the fault handling circuit board 800 also includes a power management module 770. The power management module 770 provides a stable multi-channel power supply to the central control unit 700, detection circuits, drive circuits, and external interfaces. The power management module 770 includes a logic power supply 771, an analog power supply 772, and a high-voltage / bias circuit 773. The logic power supply 771 provides a stable low voltage (e.g., 1.2 / 1.8 / 3.3V) for MCUs, FPGAs, or logic interfaces; the analog power supply 772 provides a low-noise analog power supply for TIAs, ADCs, or analog front-ends. The high-voltage / bias circuit 773 provides the required voltage or current (including a bias reference) for modulator bias, high-voltage drive, or thermo-optical heaters in the main or backup channels.

[0155] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the fault handling circuit board 800 also includes a communication and status interface module 780. The communication and status interface module 780 includes a system bus interface unit 781 and a status indication and alarm unit 782. The system bus interface unit 781 and the status indication and alarm unit 782 are connected to the host computer or other modules of the inertial measurement unit via a second board-level connector 820 to realize the reporting of measurement data, fault alarms, and switching states, as well as the reception of external configuration commands. The system bus interface unit 781 is used for communication with the host computer or inertial navigation master control (such as SPI, I²C, UART, CAN, etc.), and for uploading status and distributing configurations; the status indication and alarm unit 782 is used to output alarm signals (such as GPIO, interrupt pins, indicator lights, error code registers) to indicate channel faults, takeover status, and light source abnormalities. Additionally, Figure 3 The central control core logic is a general term that may include: fault diagnosis module 710, redundancy switching logic module 720, closed-loop control logic, light source health monitoring logic, threshold, filtering, decision strategy and communication parsing, etc.

[0156] Based on the above embodiments, a closed-loop control and health management system is formed between the fiber optic gyroscope chip and the fault handling circuit board 800. This allows for normal driving and readout of the three-axis fiber optic gyroscope, and also enables fault diagnosis, optical path isolation, and redundant channel takeover at the fiber optic gyroscope chip level in the event of a fault in any main channel.

[0157] In another embodiment of this disclosure, see Figure 4 The diagram illustrates a flow chart of a temperature compensation method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 4 As shown, the temperature compensation method may include: S101 acquires the digital voltage of multiple channels in the fiber optic gyroscope chip.

[0158] The digital voltage of each channel is determined based on the optical signal in that channel.

[0159] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 3 The central control unit 700 can acquire digital voltages from multiple channels of the fiber optic gyroscope chip from the optical power detection circuit module 730. Here, the digital voltage represents a quantized value of the input optical power intensity and can be generated by converting the photocurrent signal using a high-precision analog-to-digital converter module, enabling the central control unit 700 to digitally monitor multiple channels. Furthermore, the digital voltage acquisition frequency can be preset, ensuring a balance between real-time performance and stability during the digital voltage acquisition process.

[0160] In some embodiments, the process of acquiring digital voltages of multiple channels in a fiber optic gyroscope chip may include: acquiring the photocurrent signal of each channel from the detector in each channel; and converting the photocurrent signal of each channel into a digital voltage.

[0161] Here, the detector is a photoelectric sensing element integrated into each main channel and backup channel 500, used to monitor the optical power status entering each main channel or backup channel 500 in real time. For example, the detector receives optical signals and generates a corresponding current output, the magnitude of which is proportional to the input optical power. The photocurrent signal output by the detector reflects the changes in optical power in multiple channels. By acquiring the photocurrent signals of each channel, it is possible to determine whether there are abnormalities such as optical path interruption, waveguide breakage, or light source fluctuation.

[0162] Based on the above embodiments, by acquiring photocurrent signals from detectors in each channel and converting these signals into digital voltages, and by accurately measuring the input optical power of each channel, channel faults can be detected in a timely manner, triggering corresponding redundancy switching mechanisms to ensure the reliability and stability of the system.

[0163] S102 determines the fault of the target channel among multiple channels based on the digital voltage of multiple channels, while the backup channel is not faulty.

[0164] In some embodiments, the multiple optical power monitoring channels in the optical power detection circuit module 730 can directly transmit the acquired digital voltage to the fault diagnosis module 710. The fault diagnosis module 710 compares the acquired digital voltage with a preset threshold. If the voltage of a certain channel is consistently lower than the normal range, the fault diagnosis module 710 determines that the channel is faulty, i.e., that channel is the target channel.

[0165] For example, to improve anti-interference capability and avoid misjudgment caused by momentary jitter, the fault diagnosis module 710 introduces a configurable time-to-fault mechanism. This involves applying a sliding window filter to the monitored digital voltage and employing a multiple-sampling voting strategy, outputting a fault diagnosis result only when multiple consecutive samples meet the fault condition. For instance, at a 1kHz sampling frequency, the default setting is that a fault is determined when N=5 consecutive samples fall below a preset threshold (corresponding to a duration of approximately 5ms); simultaneously, the value of N can be flexibly selected within the range of 3 to 10, and this disclosure does not limit this selection.

[0166] S103 controls the target channel to switch to the off state and the backup channel to the on state, so that the backup channel routes the output optical signal of the backup channel to the corresponding output unit in the output optical network of the fiber optic gyroscope chip.

[0167] In the output optical network, the corresponding output unit corresponds to the target channel.

[0168] In some embodiments, after the target channel is confirmed to be faulty, the fault diagnosis module 710 will also compare the digital voltage corresponding to the fourth detector 510 in the backup channel 500 with a preset threshold (i.e., the backup channel 500 threshold) to confirm whether the backup channel 500 has sufficient optical power margin. When the optical power of the backup channel 500 is insufficient, the redundancy switching can be temporarily suspended and an alarm message can be output. When the optical power of the backup channel 500 is sufficient, the redundancy switching is performed.

[0169] For example, the fault diagnosis module 710 sends the fault diagnosis results to the redundancy switching logic module 720. After receiving the fault diagnosis results of each channel, the redundancy switching logic module 720 generates a first control signal to turn off the optical switch in the target channel and a second control signal to turn on the upper arm optical switch and lower arm optical switch in the backup channel 500 that match the target channel, based on the fault result of the target channel. The redundancy switching logic module 720 sends the first and second control signals to the corresponding optical switch driving units through the optical switch driving circuit module 740 to control the optical switch of the target channel to be in the off state and the upper arm optical switch and lower arm optical switch in the backup channel 500 that match the target channel to be in the on state, thereby realizing the switching of the target channel to the backup channel.

[0170] In some embodiments, the redundancy switching logic module 720 can determine the main channel that the backup channel 500 should take over based on a pre-stored redundancy switching truth table, and generate a corresponding matrix switch on control word (which can be regarded as a set of bitmasks or field codes). Then, the control word is sent to the redundancy switch drive circuit module 750. The redundancy switch drive circuit module 750 internally decodes the control word and converts it into multiple independent drive signals to precisely control the on or off state of specific switch nodes in the upper arm switch group and the lower arm switch group.

[0171] For example, if channel A fails, by activating the upper and lower arm optical switches in the backup channel 500 (i.e., channel R) corresponding to channel A, one beam of interferometer signal output from channel R is routed to the upper arm combiner of the output unit corresponding to channel A, while the other beam of interferometer signal is routed to the lower arm combiner of the output unit corresponding to channel A, thus completing the takeover of the signal path. This ensures that the optical switches in the faulty main channel and the backup channel 500 correspond one-to-one.

[0172] In some embodiments, after optical path reconstruction is completed, the output optical signal of the backup channel 500 will be routed to the external fiber optic sensitive ring through the corresponding output unit in the output optical network, realizing transparent connection to the external interface. This routing mechanism not only ensures the continuity of signal transmission but also avoids measurement interruptions due to faults, thereby significantly improving the availability and stability of the system.

[0173] In this embodiment, real-time sensing of the channel status is achieved through digital voltage acquisition. Subsequently, fault diagnosis is used to determine whether an abnormal channel exists. After confirming the fault, the optical path is automatically switched using redundancy design to ensure continued system operation. Finally, the output optical signal is stably output through the output optical network 600. This effectively isolates the faulty channel and quickly activates the backup channel 500, thereby ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the fiber optic gyroscope chip system and significantly improving the reliability of the fiber optic gyroscope in complex environments and the success rate of missions.

[0174] In some embodiments, before routing the output optical signal of the backup channel to the corresponding output unit in the output optical network of the fiber optic gyroscope chip via the backup channel, the method further includes: S201, apply the drive signal corresponding to the target channel to the modulator of the backup channel, so that the modulator of the backup channel 500 performs phase modulation on the optical signal allocated to the backup channel to generate an output optical signal.

[0175] In some embodiments, the modulator of the backup channel 500 refers to a device disposed in the backup channel 500 for phase modulation of the optical signal. The modulator of the backup channel 500 has the same structure and function as the modulator in the main channel, and can change the phase of the light wave after receiving an electrical signal, thereby realizing the generation of an interference signal.

[0176] The drive signal corresponding to the target channel is used to drive the modulator of the backup channel 500 to perform phase modulation of the optical signal at a specific frequency and amplitude. In normal mode, the drive signal corresponding to the target channel is applied to the modulator of the target channel; when the target channel fails and is taken over by the backup channel 500, the drive signal corresponding to the target channel is remapped and applied to the modulator of the backup channel 500, so that the backup channel 500 outputs the same interference signal as the target channel. This ensures continuous operation of the system and avoids measurement interruption due to a single channel failure.

[0177] When the backup channel 500 is in standby mode, although the drive signal corresponding to the target channel is not directly applied to the modulator of the backup channel 500, the drive signal corresponding to the target channel is pre-stored in the system and is ready to be reallocated at any time. Once an anomaly is detected in the target channel, the drive signal corresponding to the target channel will be quickly routed to the modulator of the backup channel 500, thereby ensuring that the modulation process of the optical signal is not interrupted.

[0178] Based on the above embodiments, an output optical signal meeting the requirements can be quickly generated using existing modulation signal resources without adding an external light source or reconfiguring the optical path. This improves the speed and reliability of redundancy switching, thereby ensuring the continuous operation of the fiber optic gyroscope system in case of failure.

[0179] In some embodiments, the method further includes: S301, continue to acquire the digital voltage of the backup channel.

[0180] S302 determines that the backup channel has successfully replaced the target channel if the digital voltage of the backup channel meets the requirements.

[0181] S303: If the digital voltage of the backup channel does not meet the requirements, it is determined that the backup channel has failed to replace the target channel, and the fiber optic gyroscope chip enters a degraded working mode.

[0182] After replacing the target channel with the backup channel 500, the digital voltage of the backup channel 500 can continue to be acquired. If the digital voltage signal of the backup channel 500 meets the requirements, it is determined that the backup channel 500 has successfully replaced the target channel. If the digital voltage signal of the backup channel 500 does not meet the requirements, it is determined that the backup channel 500 has failed to replace the target channel, and the fiber optic gyroscope chip enters a degraded operating mode.

[0183] In some embodiments, the digital voltage of the backup channel 500 is continued to be acquired by acquiring the photocurrent signal through the fourth detector 510 integrated in the backup channel 500, and then converting the photocurrent signal into a digital voltage.

[0184] A digital voltage meeting the requirements means that the digital voltage is within the preset normal range, indicating that the backup channel 500 has sufficient optical power and stability to maintain the measurement accuracy and functional integrity of the system. A digital voltage signal not meeting the requirements means that the backup channel 500 cannot provide a valid signal output, which may be due to a fault in the backup channel 500 itself, an abnormal light source, or a problem with the optical path connection.

[0185] When it is determined that the backup channel 500 has successfully replaced the main channel, the current redundancy status will be maintained and the operating status will continue to be reported through the communication interface. If the backup channel 500 fails to take over successfully, it will enter the degraded working mode, that is, all switches in the backup channel 500 will be turned off and the system will be kept in a state where only the available main channel is working, in order to prevent erroneous signals from affecting the performance of the system.

[0186] In this embodiment, the system enhances its stability assessment capability after redundancy switching by introducing a continuous monitoring mechanism for the 500 digital voltage of the backup channel. Furthermore, it responds rapidly and takes degraded measures when an anomaly occurs in the redundant channel, ensuring reliable operation of the equipment under extreme conditions.

[0187] In some embodiments, the method further includes: S401, if the digital voltage of multiple channels does not meet the preset threshold, and the difference between the digital voltages of any two channels is less than the first threshold, determine that the light source output is abnormal or the input optical network in the fiber optic gyroscope chip is abnormal.

[0188] After obtaining the digital voltage of each of the multiple channels, if the digital voltage of a certain channel is lower than the preset threshold, it indicates that the optical power of that channel is insufficient, which may lead to unstable interference signals or failure.

[0189] Here, the first threshold is a relative value used to measure the difference in optical power between different channels. When the difference in digital voltage between any two channels is less than the first threshold, it indicates that the optical power change trends of any two channels are consistent, meaning they may be affected by the same fault source, such as light source fluctuations or anomalies in the input optical network 100.

[0190] An abnormal light source output refers to a malfunction in the light source itself (such as a laser), resulting in a decrease or complete interruption of the output optical power. An abnormal light source output will cause a simultaneous drop in the digital voltage of all channels, thus affecting the operation of the entire system.

[0191] An input optical network 100 error indicates a fault in the optical path (such as waveguides, beam splitters, etc.) connecting the light source and each channel. This could be due to a broken waveguide, reduced coupling efficiency, or a malfunctioning optical switch. Faults in the optical path connecting the light source and each channel may result in some or all channels failing to receive sufficient optical power.

[0192] Understandably, by comprehensively judging the digital voltages of multiple channels and the interrelationships between them, it is possible to effectively distinguish between single-channel faults and system-wide faults. For example, if the digital voltages of multiple channels are all below a preset threshold, and the differences between the digital voltages of multiple channels are very small, then the problem may lie with the light source or the input optical network 100, rather than a localized fault in a specific channel. This can avoid erroneous redundant switching operations due to misjudgment, thereby improving the reliability of the system.

[0193] S402 outputs an alarm signal, which is used to indicate that the fiber optic gyroscope chip has an abnormal light source output or an abnormal input optical network.

[0194] Here, alarm signals are used to indicate the current system status and can be sent to an external control unit or user interface in digital or analog form. Alarm signals can contain various information, such as fault type, fault channel number, and timestamp, to facilitate subsequent diagnosis and handling. Alarm signals can promptly notify the host computer or maintenance personnel of any abnormalities in the system, enabling them to take appropriate measures, such as checking the light source status, replacing faulty components, or activating emergency mode. Furthermore, alarm signals can be recorded by the system as historical data on the equipment's health status, supporting later analysis.

[0195] For example, alarm signals can be transmitted via serial communication interfaces (such as UART, SPI), Ethernet, or CAN bus. Alarm signals can not only trigger an immediate response when a fault occurs, but can also be set to report periodically, ensuring that even if some faults are not immediately detected, alarm signals can be addressed promptly during subsequent monitoring.

[0196] In this embodiment, when the digital voltages of multiple channels fail to meet preset thresholds, and the difference between the digital voltages of any two channels is less than a first threshold, it is determined that there is an abnormality in the light source output or an abnormality in the input optical network 100, and an alarm signal is issued. This enables rapid identification and response to system-level faults, thereby avoiding erroneous redundant switching, improving system stability and security, and ultimately ensuring the continuous operation and reliable completion of high-precision inertial navigation tasks.

[0197] In some embodiments, after the redundancy switch is successfully completed, the redundancy switch logic module 720 latches the current system status information and reports it to the host computer or other modules of the inertial measurement unit through the communication and status interface module 780, so as to realize system-level health management and fault tracing.

[0198] For example, the current system status information may include the current faulty channel identifier, redundancy takeover relationship, and switch matrix status. The current faulty channel identifier records the original main channel (such as channel A, channel B, or channel C) that has failed and been taken over. The redundancy takeover relationship records the backup mapping relationship between the backup channel 500 and the faulty main channel. The switch matrix status can be recorded in the form of bit registers, showing the on / off state of each switching optical switch in the upper and lower arm switch groups, thus fully reflecting the physical configuration of the signal routing. This provides a complete and accurate data foundation for real-time system monitoring, fault analysis, and historical record recording.

[0199] In addition, even if the backup channel 500 has taken over a channel, optical power monitoring and fault diagnosis can continue. When a fault is detected in another main channel, a decision can be made based on a preset priority strategy to determine whether to perform redundancy switching again or to output a system-level fault alarm.

[0200] In some embodiments, to maintain predictable safety behavior even in extreme conditions, the optical switches of each main channel are configured as normally open, while multiple upper and lower arm optical switches in the backup channel are configured as normally closed. This ensures that when the fault handling circuit board 800 or the central control unit 700 fails due to power failure, reset, or other reasons, the optical path of the main channel remains open by default, and the backup channel 500 remains disconnected. This allows the entire system to revert to a "working, minimal structure," preventing accidental disconnection of the measurement link due to malfunction of the fault handling circuit board 800. The state of the optical switches or switching optical switches only changes when the central control unit 700 is powered on normally and actively issues a clear control command, thus enhancing the traceability and verifiability of the system's behavior in complex environments.

[0201] To further meet the requirements of high-security applications, a "redundant status heartbeat" containing system status information can be periodically sent to the host computer via the communication and status interface module 780. If the host computer does not receive the heartbeat or receives abnormal system status information within a preset time, it can determine that the system has entered a degraded working mode or a fault mode, thereby achieving more stringent security monitoring and protection at the system level.

[0202] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the fault handling method based on the above system in this embodiment may include the following steps: For ease of description, the three main channels are referred to as Channel A (first main channel 200), Channel B (second main channel 300), and Channel C (third main channel 400), and the spare channel 500 is referred to as Channel R.

[0203] S100: System power-on and parameter configuration.

[0204] After the system is powered on, the central control unit 700 performs a power-on reset on the fault handling circuit board 800, initializes the light source distribution network 100, multiple main channels, backup channels 500 and output light network 600, and reads configuration data such as fault diagnosis thresholds, switching truth tables and modulator drive parameters from the non-volatile memory.

[0205] S101: Switch initial state setting.

[0206] After initialization, the optical switch driving circuit module 740 sets the first optical switch 210, the second optical switch 310 and the third optical switch 410 at the entrance of each main channel to the on state, so that the optical paths of channel A, channel B and channel C are connected by default; the redundant switch driving circuit module 750 keeps all the upper arm switch group and lower arm switch group in channel R in the off state, so that channel R is physically isolated from each output unit.

[0207] S102: Modulation and readout are working normally.

[0208] The modulator drive circuit module 760 outputs modulation signals to each phase modulator in channel A, channel B, and channel C according to the preset closed-loop control strategy, so as to realize the normal operation of the three-axis fiber optic gyroscope; the probe light signals from the three main channels are processed by the external photodetector and readout circuit to form angular velocity output.

[0209] S200: Real-time acquisition of detector photocurrent signals.

[0210] During normal operation of the system, the optical power detection circuit module 730 collects photocurrent signals from the first detector 230, the second detector 330, the third detector 420 and the fourth detector 510 respectively. Each optical power detection channel converts the collected signal into a digital voltage proportional to the optical power and periodically sends these digital voltage values ​​to the central control unit 700.

[0211] S300: Single-channel fault detection.

[0212] The fault diagnosis module 710 compares the digital voltage corresponding to each detector with a preset threshold. If the digital voltage corresponding to a certain channel (such as channel A) is continuously lower than the preset threshold, while the monitoring voltage of the other main channels remains above the preset threshold, then it is determined that a single-channel fault has occurred in that channel (such as channel A).

[0213] S301: Redundant channel status verification.

[0214] While determining a suspected fault in a certain channel, the fault diagnosis module 710 also compares the voltage of the fourth detector 510 with the preset redundant channel threshold to confirm whether channel R has sufficient optical power margin. When the optical power of channel R is insufficient, the fault diagnosis module 710 can temporarily suspend the redundant switching and output alarm information.

[0215] S400: Fault channel isolation.

[0216] After receiving a single-channel fault determination signal, the redundancy switching logic module 720 first generates a control command for shutting down the optical switch of the faulty main channel. The redundancy switching logic module 720 sends the first control command to the corresponding optical switch driving unit (e.g., the first optical switch driving unit 741) through the optical switch driving circuit module 740. After receiving the first control command, the first optical switch 210 changes from a normally open state to an off state. Through this operation, the first optical switch 210 achieves physical isolation of channel A, preventing the abnormal optical path from continuing to affect the system.

[0217] S500: Redundant matrix routing configuration.

[0218] Subsequently, the redundancy switching logic module 720 determines the main channel (e.g., channel A) that channel R should take over based on the pre-stored redundancy switching truth table, and generates the corresponding matrix switch conduction control word to control the corresponding switching optical switches in the upper arm switch group and the lower arm switch group to conduct, so that the output optical signal is routed to the output optical network 600 through the backup channel 500.

[0219] S600: Read backup detector.

[0220] After the redundancy switching operation is completed, the fault diagnosis module 710 continues to monitor the optical power changes of the fourth detector 510 and the corresponding output unit of the managed channel: if the optical power of channel R is stable after routing and the output signal meets the system requirements, the redundancy switching is determined to be successful; if the system detects an abnormal drop in optical power or an unstable output signal in the backup channel 500, the system can trigger a level 2 alarm according to the preset strategy, and can choose to try to perform redundancy switching again or enter the degraded working mode.

[0221] In some embodiments, reference Figure 5 ,like Figure 6 As shown, the fault handling method based on the above system in this embodiment may include the following steps: S601: Determine whether the photocurrent signal of the first detector is less than or equal to a preset threshold.

[0222] After acquiring the photocurrent signal (i.e., I_mon1) from the first detector 230, the photocurrent signal is converted into a digital voltage, and then it is determined whether the digital voltage is less than or equal to a preset threshold. If the digital voltage is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the second detector 330 is further evaluated. If the digital voltage is less than or equal to the preset threshold, it indicates that the first main channel 200 has malfunctioned, and the action group is triggered to execute relevant actions. For example, the first optical switch 210 of the first main channel 200 is disconnected, and the fourth optical switch 5510 and the seventh optical switch 5610 in the backup channel 500 are closed. In this way, the backup channel 500 can be used to replace the first main channel 200.

[0223] S602: Determine whether the photocurrent signal of the second detector is less than or equal to a preset threshold.

[0224] After acquiring the photocurrent signal (i.e., I_mon2) from the second detector 330, the photocurrent signal is converted into a digital voltage, and then it is determined whether the digital voltage is less than or equal to a preset threshold. If the digital voltage is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the third detector 420 is further evaluated. If the digital voltage is less than or equal to the preset threshold, it indicates that the second main channel 300 has malfunctioned, and the action group is triggered to perform relevant actions. For example, the second optical switch 310 of the second main channel 300 is disconnected, and the fifth optical switch 5520 and the eighth optical switch 5620 in the backup channel 500 are closed. In this way, the backup channel 500 can be used to replace the second main channel 300.

[0225] S603: Determine whether the photocurrent signal of the third detector is less than or equal to a preset threshold.

[0226] After acquiring the photocurrent signal (i.e., I_mon3) from the third detector 420, the photocurrent signal is converted into a digital voltage, and then it is determined whether the digital voltage is less than or equal to a preset threshold. If the digital voltage is less than or equal to the preset threshold, it indicates that the third main channel 400 has malfunctioned, and the action group is triggered to execute relevant actions. For example, the third optical switch 410 of the third main channel 400 is disconnected, and the sixth optical switch 5530 and the ninth optical switch 5630 in the backup channel 500 are closed. In this way, the backup channel 500 can be used to replace the third main channel 400. Afterwards, the system status information can be updated and the fault can be reported. Of course, when the main channel is normal, the monitoring values ​​and health bits (such as I_mon, light source health bits) in the status register can still be updated periodically, but the redundancy takeover relationship and switch matrix status in the system status information remain unchanged.

[0227] For details not disclosed in the embodiments of this disclosure, please refer to the description of the foregoing embodiments for understanding.

[0228] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0229] It should be noted that, in this disclosure, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0230] The sequence numbers of the embodiments disclosed above are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0231] The methods disclosed in the several method embodiments provided in this disclosure can be arbitrarily combined without conflict to obtain new method embodiments.

[0232] The features disclosed in the several product embodiments provided in this disclosure can be combined arbitrarily without conflict to obtain new product embodiments.

[0233] The features disclosed in the several method or device embodiments provided in this disclosure can be arbitrarily combined without conflict to obtain new method or device embodiments.

[0234] The above are merely specific embodiments of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0235] It should be understood that if this disclosure references any user data and personal information (including but not limited to device information, behavioral data, location information, etc.) and before applying the technical solutions described in the embodiments of this disclosure, the relevant products or services should comply with the laws and regulations concerning the protection of user data and personal information, strictly process users' personal information and data in accordance with the provisions of applicable laws and regulations throughout the entire data processing lifecycle, follow the principles of legality, legitimacy, necessity, good faith, openness, and transparency, and adopt reasonable privacy design schemes and technical measures to ensure the security of user data and personal information, protect users' legitimate rights and interests, and prevent the risks of leakage, theft, or tampering of user data and personal information.

[0236] Specifically, the company must publish and display its privacy policy in a prominent position on the user interface, clearly informing users of the types, purposes, uses, and methods of processing personal information, as well as other matters that should be disclosed as required by laws and regulations; obtain users' prior informed consent or explicit authorization for data processing through user-initiated interaction (such as confirmation pop-ups); process or store user data securely within the legally required timeframe; adopt a series of security technologies and management measures, including but not limited to data encryption and access control; share and transfer user data within the scope permitted by law and in a legally required manner; and process user rights, including the rights to query, access, correct, delete, withdraw authorization and consent, cancel registration, and obtain copies of personal information, within the legally required timeframe.

Claims

1. A fiber optic gyroscope chip, characterized in that, It includes an input optical network, multiple channels, and an output optical network; the multiple channels are arranged in parallel; the multiple channels include at least one main channel and at least one spare channel; one end of each channel is connected to the input optical network circuit, and the other end of each channel is connected to the corresponding output unit in the output optical network; The input optical network is used to distribute optical signals to multiple channels; The main channel is used to route the output optical signal of the main channel to the corresponding output unit in the output optical network, and to switch to the off state in response to the first control command, so that the channel is in a physically isolated state. The output optical signal is obtained based on the allocated optical signal; The backup channel is used to switch to the on state in response to a second control command, so as to route the output optical signal of the backup channel to the corresponding output unit in the output optical network in place of the channel. The output optical network is used to transmit the output optical signal to a first sensitive ring outside the fiber optic gyroscope chip; the first sensitive ring is a sensitive ring matched with the channel in which it is located, and the first sensitive ring is optically connected to the output optical network.

2. The chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The backup channel includes a modulator; The modulator is used to receive the drive signal corresponding to the channel it is in, and to perform phase modulation on the optical signal allocated to the backup channel based on the drive signal corresponding to the channel it is in, so as to generate the output optical signal.

3. The chip according to claim 2, characterized in that, The backup channel further includes a detector, a beam splitter, an upper arm beam splitter, a lower arm beam splitter, an upper arm switch group, and a lower arm switch group. The modulator of the backup channel includes an upper arm modulator and a lower arm modulator. The detector is disposed on one arm of the beam splitter input terminal. The input terminals of the upper arm modulator and the lower arm modulator are respectively connected to the output terminal of the beam splitter. The output terminal of the upper arm modulator is connected to the upper arm switch group through the upper arm beam splitter. The output terminal of the lower arm modulator is connected to the lower arm switch group through the lower arm beam splitter. The detector is used to extract the optical signal allocated by the backup channel from the beam splitter, and to detect the photocurrent signal of the standby channel based on the optical signal allocated by the backup channel. The beam splitter is used to split the optical signal allocated by the backup channel into two optical signals, and input the two optical signals to the upper arm modulator and the lower arm modulator respectively; The upper arm modulator and the lower arm modulator are used to perform phase modulation on the two optical signals respectively based on the driving signal corresponding to the channel they are in, so as to generate the output optical signal. The upper arm beam splitter and the lower arm beam splitter are used to receive the output optical signal modulated by the upper arm modulator and the lower arm modulator, and to route the output optical signal to the output optical network through the upper arm switch group and the lower arm switch group.

4. The chip according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper arm switch group and the lower arm switch group include multiple sets of upper arm optical switches and lower arm optical switches, and each set of upper arm optical switches and lower arm optical switches corresponds to a main channel.

5. The chip according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the main channels includes a detector, an optical switch, a polarizer, a beam splitter, and multiple modulators arranged sequentially along the light propagation direction; the detector is disposed on one arm of the input end of the beam splitter, and each of the modulators is connected to the corresponding output end of the beam splitter. The detector is used to extract the optical signal allocated to the channel in which it is located from the beam splitter, and to detect the photocurrent signal of the channel in which it is located based on the optical signal allocated to the channel in which it is located; The optical switch is used to route the output optical signal of the channel to the corresponding output unit in the output optical network when switched to the on state; and to place the channel in a physically isolated state when switched to the off state. The polarizer is used to adjust the optical signal allocated to the channel to a preset polarization state; The beam splitter is used to split the optical signal with the preset polarization state into multiple interferometer arm signals; One of the aforementioned interferometer arm signals corresponds to one modulator; Multiple modulators are used to perform phase modulation on multiple interferometer arm signals respectively, generate the output optical signal, and route it to the corresponding output unit in the output optical network.

6. The chip according to claim 5, characterized in that, The input optical network includes a first edge coupler and at least one beam splitter, wherein the first edge coupler is connected to at least one beam splitter; and at least one beam splitter is connected to the main channel and the backup channel, respectively. The first edge coupler is used to receive optical signals and transmit the optical signals to at least one of the beam splitters; The at least one beam splitter is used to distribute the optical signal to at least one of the main channels and at least one of the backup channels.

7. The chip according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The output optical network includes an output unit corresponding to each main channel. Each output unit corresponding to each main channel includes an upper arm combiner, a lower arm combiner, an upper arm edge fusion unit, and a lower arm edge fusion unit. The upper arm combiner and the upper arm edge fusion unit are connected. The lower arm combiner and the lower arm edge fusion unit are connected. The output end of each main channel is connected to the upper arm combiner and the lower arm combiner in the corresponding output unit. The upper arm combiner and the lower arm combiner are respectively used to receive the output optical signal of the matched main channel or backup channel, and output it through the upper arm edge combiner and the lower arm edge combiner.

8. The chip according to claim 5, characterized in that, The optical switch in each of the main channels is designed as a normally closed structure; the upper arm optical switch and the lower arm optical switch are designed as normally open structures; when no driving voltage is applied, the normally closed structure remains in the conducting state, and the normally open structure remains in the off state.

9. The chip according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fiber optic gyroscope chip is fabricated based on a lithium niobate thin film material platform or a silicon-on-insulator material platform. The optical switch, the upper arm optical switch, and the lower arm optical switch are thermo-optic switches and / or electro-optic switches. The modulator is a push-pull electro-optic phase modulator.

10. A fault handling circuit board, characterized in that, Includes the fiber optic gyroscope chip, optical power detection circuit module, fault diagnosis module, redundancy switching logic module, optical switch driving circuit module, and redundancy switch driving circuit module as described in any one of claims 1-9; the optical power detection circuit module is respectively connected to the fiber optic gyroscope chip and the fault diagnosis module, the fault diagnosis module is respectively connected to the redundancy switching logic module, and the redundancy switching logic module is respectively connected to the optical switch driving circuit module and the redundancy switch driving circuit module. An optical power detection circuit module is used to acquire photocurrent signals from multiple channels in the fiber optic gyroscope chip and convert the photocurrent signal of each channel into a digital voltage. The fault diagnosis module is used to compare the digital voltage of each channel with a preset threshold to determine the fault diagnosis result of each channel. The redundancy switching logic module is used to generate a first control command and a second control command based on the redundancy switching truth table and the fault diagnosis results of each channel. The optical switch driving circuit module is used to control the target channel to switch to the off state in response to the first control command, wherein the target channel is the faulty main channel; A redundant switch drive circuit module is used to control the backup channel to switch to the on state in response to the second control command, so as to replace the target channel in routing the output optical signal of the backup channel to the corresponding output unit in the output optical network.

11. The circuit board according to claim 10, characterized in that, The fault handling circuit board also includes a modulator drive circuit module. The modulator drive circuit module is used to apply the drive signal corresponding to the target channel to the modulator of the backup channel, so that the modulator of the backup channel performs phase modulation on the optical signal allocated to the backup channel to generate the output optical signal.

12. A fault handling method, characterized in that, The method includes: The digital voltages of multiple channels in the fiber optic gyroscope chip are acquired respectively; the digital voltage of each channel is determined based on the optical signal in that channel. Based on the digital voltage of multiple channels, a target channel among the multiple channels is determined to be faulty, while the backup channel is not faulty; The target channel is switched to the off state and the backup channel is switched to the on state, so that the backup channel routes the output optical signal of the backup channel to the corresponding output unit in the output optical network of the fiber optic gyroscope chip.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, Before the backup channel routes the output optical signal of the backup channel to the corresponding output unit in the output optical network of the fiber optic gyroscope chip, the method further includes: The drive signal corresponding to the target channel is applied to the modulator of the backup channel, so that the modulator of the backup channel performs phase modulation on the optical signal allocated to the backup channel to generate the output optical signal.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The method further includes: Continue acquiring the digital voltage of the backup channel; If the digital voltage of the backup channel meets the requirements, it is determined that the backup channel has successfully replaced the target channel; If the digital voltage of the backup channel does not meet the requirements, it is determined that the backup channel has failed to replace the target channel, and the fiber optic gyroscope chip enters a degraded operating mode.

15. The method according to any one of claims 12-14, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the digital voltage of multiple channels does not meet the preset threshold, and the difference between the digital voltages of any two channels is less than the first threshold, it is determined that the light source output is abnormal or the input optical network in the fiber optic gyroscope chip is abnormal. An alarm signal is output, which is used to indicate that the fiber optic gyroscope chip has an abnormal light source output or an abnormal input optical network.

Images