Hydropower station forebay constant water level control method, device, equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydropower station forebay constant water level control method, device and equipment and a medium, and relates to the technical field of hydroelectric generation automatic control. Querying a target steady-state mapping table according to the real-time forebay water level to determine target total power generation power required for maintaining the water level constant; whether the real-time forebay water level meets the execution condition of generator set start-stop operation or not is judged, and if yes, corresponding generator set start-stop operation is executed according to a preset efficiency priority strategy so as to adjust the target set combination participating in operation; and under the constraint of the target total power generation power, performing load distribution in the target unit combination by taking the minimum total water consumption of the system as a target so as to perform constant water level control on the forebay of the hydropower station. Through the means of distributing loads with the minimum overall water consumption of the system as the target under the constraint of the total power, the water energy utilization efficiency is maximized, and the problem that the operation efficiency of a unit is low is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automatic control technology for hydropower generation, and in particular to a method, device, equipment and medium for controlling the constant water level in the forebay of a hydropower station. Background Technology

[0002] Run-of-river (damless) hydropower stations face a core control challenge due to their reliance on natural water inflow: the inflow rate fluctuates randomly, while the forebay volume is limited (usually 2,000 to 50,000 cubic meters), making it like "a small cup receiving a large flow of water," resulting in extremely poor stability.

[0003] Current constant water level control methods employ "trial-and-error" load adjustment, simply increasing or decreasing the load proportionally based on water level fluctuations. This approach suffers from low generator unit operating efficiency. Therefore, improving generator unit efficiency during constant water level control has become a pressing technical challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method, device, equipment, and medium for controlling the constant water level in the forebay of a hydropower station. This method allocates load with the goal of minimizing the overall water consumption of the system under total power constraints, thereby maximizing water energy utilization efficiency and solving the problem of low unit operating efficiency. The specific solution is as follows:

[0005] Firstly, this application provides a method for controlling the constant water level in the forebay of a hydropower station, applied to the power station control system, including:

[0006] A target steady-state mapping table is constructed offline based on the efficiency curves of the generator units in the target hydropower station and the area of ​​the forebay of the hydropower station; wherein, the target steady-state mapping table is a mapping table that characterizes the balance relationship between the forebay water level, the inflow rate and the total power generation of the generator units in the forebay of the hydropower station.

[0007] During online operation, the target steady-state mapping table is queried based on the real-time forebay water level to determine the target total power generation required to maintain a constant water level.

[0008] The forebay water level is determined according to the preset forebay water level zoning strategy to determine whether the real-time forebay water level meets the execution conditions for generator set start-up and shutdown. If the real-time forebay water level meets the execution conditions for generator set start-up and shutdown, the corresponding generator set start-up and shutdown operation is executed according to the preset efficiency priority strategy to adjust the target unit combination participating in operation. The preset efficiency priority strategy means that the generator set with the highest unit power efficiency is started first, and the generator set with the lowest efficiency is shut down first.

[0009] Under the constraint of the target total power generation, the load is allocated in the target unit combination with the goal of minimizing the overall water consumption of the system, so as to control the constant water level of the forebay of the hydropower station.

[0010] Optionally, the offline construction of the target steady-state mapping table based on the efficiency curves of the generator units in the target hydropower station and the forebay area of ​​the hydropower station includes:

[0011] A water consumption flow model for each generator set is established based on the efficiency curve, and a forebay water level change rate model is established based on the forebay area.

[0012] Under constant water level conditions, the total power generation required to maintain water level balance under different inflow rates and different forebay water levels is determined using the water consumption flow model and water level change rate model, so as to generate the target steady-state mapping table.

[0013] Optionally, the step of determining whether the real-time forebay water level meets the execution conditions for generator start-up and shutdown operations based on a preset forebay water level zoning strategy includes:

[0014] After the real-time forebay water level reaches the preset start-stop triggering area corresponding to the preset forebay water level zoning strategy, it is determined whether the real-time forebay water level meets the execution conditions for generator start-stop operation based on the relationship between the duration of the real-time forebay water level in the preset start-stop triggering area and the preset delay threshold.

[0015] Optionally, after load allocation in the target unit combination, the marginal water consumption rate of each working generator unit in the target unit combination is equal; wherein, the marginal water consumption rate is the additional water consumed when the unit increases its power generation per unit.

[0016] Optionally, the load allocation in the target unit combination includes:

[0017] Power generation constraints are imposed on each working generator set in the target unit combination so that the power of each generator can be adjusted within the non-vibration zone corresponding to each working generator set.

[0018] Optionally, the load allocation in the target unit combination, under the constraint of the target total power generation and with the goal of minimizing the overall water consumption of the system, includes:

[0019] Under the constraints of the target total power generation and the preset PID control parameters, the load is allocated in the target unit combination with the goal of minimizing the overall water consumption of the system; wherein, the preset PID control parameters are control parameters obtained offline based on the dominant pole method and orthogonal experiments.

[0020] Optionally, after load allocation in the target unit combination, the method further includes:

[0021] The actual average inflow rate is periodically calculated based on the actual water consumption for power generation and the change in the forebay water level during historical operation. The actual average inflow rate is then compared with the corresponding value in the target steady-state mapping table, and the inflow rate value in the target steady-state mapping table is smoothed and corrected based on the comparison result.

[0022] Secondly, this application provides a constant water level control device for the forebay of a hydropower station, applied to the power station control system, comprising:

[0023] The mapping table construction module is used to construct a target steady-state mapping table offline based on the efficiency curves of the generator units in the target hydropower station and the area of ​​the forebay of the hydropower station; wherein, the target steady-state mapping table is a mapping table that characterizes the balance relationship between the forebay water level, the inflow rate and the total power generation of the generator units in the forebay of the hydropower station.

[0024] The mapping table query module is used to query the target steady-state mapping table based on the real-time forebay water level during online operation in order to determine the target total power generation required to maintain a constant water level.

[0025] The unit adjustment module is used to determine whether the real-time forebay water level meets the execution conditions for generator start-up and shutdown operations based on a preset forebay water level zoning strategy. If the real-time forebay water level meets the execution conditions for generator start-up and shutdown operations, the corresponding generator start-up and shutdown operations are executed according to a preset efficiency priority strategy to adjust the target unit combination participating in operation. The preset efficiency priority strategy indicates that the generator unit with the highest unit power efficiency is started first, and the generator unit with the lowest efficiency is shut down first.

[0026] The load distribution module is used to distribute the load in the target unit combination under the constraint of the target total power generation, with the goal of minimizing the overall water consumption of the system, so as to maintain a constant water level in the forebay of the hydropower station.

[0027] Thirdly, this application provides an electronic device, comprising:

[0028] Memory, used to store computer programs;

[0029] A processor is used to execute the computer program to implement the aforementioned method for controlling the constant water level in the forebay of a hydropower station.

[0030] Fourthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the aforementioned method for controlling the constant water level in the forebay of a hydropower station.

[0031] This application first constructs a target steady-state mapping table offline based on the efficiency curves of the generator units in the target hydropower station and the area of ​​the forebay. This target steady-state mapping table represents the balance between the forebay water level, inflow rate, and total power generation of the generator units. Then, during online operation, the target steady-state mapping table is queried based on the real-time forebay water level to determine the target total power generation required to maintain a constant water level. Next, a preset forebay water level zoning strategy is used to determine whether the real-time forebay water level meets the execution conditions for generator unit start-up and shutdown operations. If the real-time forebay water level meets the execution conditions, the corresponding generator unit start-up and shutdown operations are executed according to a preset efficiency-priority strategy to adjust the target unit combination participating in operation. This preset efficiency-priority strategy prioritizes starting the generator unit with the highest unit power efficiency and prioritizes shutting down the generator unit with the lowest efficiency. Finally, under the constraint of the target total power generation, load distribution is performed in the target unit combination with the goal of minimizing the overall water consumption of the system, thereby achieving constant water level control in the hydropower station's forebay. Therefore, this application overcomes the reliance on real-time flow measurement by constructing a steady-state mapping table offline based on unit efficiency and forebay area, thus solving the problem of "reliance on expensive sensors." By combining water level zoning strategy and efficiency-priority start-up and shutdown strategy for decision-making, it balances stability and efficiency when adjusting the combination of operating units. By allocating load with the goal of minimizing the overall water consumption of the system under given unit combination and total power constraints, it maximizes water energy utilization efficiency and solves the problem of low unit operating efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a method for controlling the constant water level in the forebay of a hydropower station, as disclosed in this application.

[0034] Figure 2 This application discloses an offline parameter tuning flowchart;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the forebay water level division disclosed in this application;

[0036] Figure 4 This application discloses a load power allocation flowchart;

[0037] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram illustrating the comparison results of water level deviations disclosed in this application;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a constant water level control device for the forebay of a hydropower station disclosed in this application;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of an electronic device disclosed in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Current methods for maintaining a constant water level in the forebay of hydropower stations suffer from low generator unit operating efficiency. To address this, this application provides a method for maintaining a constant water level in the forebay of hydropower stations. This method maximizes water energy utilization efficiency by allocating load with the goal of minimizing overall system water consumption under total power constraints, thus solving the problem of low generator unit operating efficiency.

[0042] See Figure 1 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for controlling the constant water level in the forebay of a hydropower station, which is applied to the power station control system and includes:

[0043] Step S11: Construct a target steady-state mapping table offline based on the efficiency curves of the generator units in the target hydropower station and the area of ​​the forebay of the hydropower station; wherein, the target steady-state mapping table is a mapping table that characterizes the balance relationship between the forebay water level, the inflow rate and the total power generation of the generator units in the forebay of the hydropower station.

[0044] The purpose of this embodiment is to provide a method for controlling the constant water level in the forebay of a hydropower station, enabling small and medium-sized damless power stations to automatically generate the optimal control strategy by inputting only three basic parameters: "forebay area A, number of generating units n, and design head H0". The objectives are: standard deviation of forebay water level fluctuation ≤ 3 cm, annual number of unit start-ups and shutdowns reduced by ≥ 30%, and power generation per unit volume of water increased by ≥ 5%.

[0045] In this embodiment, a target steady-state mapping table is constructed offline based on the efficiency curves of the generator units in the target hydropower station and the area of ​​the forebay. This includes: establishing a water consumption flow model for each generator unit based on the efficiency curves, and establishing a forebay water level change rate model based on the forebay area; under constant water level conditions, using the water consumption flow model and the water level change rate model, determining the total power generation required to maintain water level balance under different inflow rates and different forebay water levels, so as to generate the target steady-state mapping table.

[0046] The specific process of tuning the above offline parameters is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the process includes: inputting basic power plant parameters, inputting the efficiency curve of each unit, constructing a single-unit water consumption model (i.e., water flow model) and generating a steady-state relationship mapping table between water level, inflow, and total power, dividing the forebay water level and setting start-stop delay time, generating an efficiency-priority start-stop queue, tuning PID control parameters, and outputting the subscription result package.

[0047] It should be noted that one of the innovations in this embodiment is the robust control that integrates dominant pole placement and online self-learning (overcoming the difficulties of "easy oscillation" and "model mismatch").

[0048] Technical challenges: Small-volume forepools are highly sensitive to control parameters, and improper tuning can easily lead to oscillations; at the same time, there may be errors between the offline model and the actual system. How can we ensure the stability and accuracy of long-term control?

[0049] Solution: (a) Offline robust tuning: The PID parameters (Kp, Ki, Kd) used for water level fine-tuning are not obtained through the traditional trial-and-error method, but are calculated offline using the "dominant pole placement method" combined with "orthogonal experiment". This method can directly guarantee the dynamic response performance (such as speed and stability) of the system from the control theory level, providing natural anti-oscillation capability for sensitive objects such as small-volume forebays.

[0050] In addition, one of the innovations of this embodiment is the "digital front pool" model based on steady-state mapping and offline tuning (overcoming the difficulties of "no flowmeter" and "tuning difficulty").

[0051] Technical challenge: How to determine how much total power (ΣP) needs to be generated to just balance the incoming water and maintain a constant water level when it is impossible to measure the inflow rate (Qin) accurately in real time?

[0052] Solution: This embodiment abandons the approach of real-time flow measurement and instead utilizes the inherent physical relationships of the hydropower station to construct an offline steady-state mapping three-dimensional table of "water level-total power-inflow," that is, the target steady-state mapping table (T(H,Qin, )):

[0053] Step 1: Obtain the efficiency curve of each unit through on-site testing. Based on the basic principles of water turbines, a water consumption flow model for each unit is established: This model precisely maps the power output P of the generator unit to the consumed flow rate Qe,i.

[0054] Step 2: Based on the geometric area A of the forebay, establish a water level change rate model (i.e., the forebay water level change rate model): This model describes how the balance between incoming water and water used for power generation affects water levels.

[0055] Step 3: Under the constant water level target (dH / dt = 0), the total power generation required to maintain balance is calculated offline using the above model by reverse calculation. This calculation is performed under different inflow rates (Qin) and different set water levels (H). This creates a lookup table that covers all possible operating conditions.

[0056] By constructing a target steady-state mapping table, the reliance on expensive flow meters is fundamentally eliminated. All complex calculations are completed offline in the office, and the generated control tables can be directly integrated into the PLC in the field, achieving "complex model, simple application" and shortening the field commissioning cycle from one week to one day.

[0057] Step S12: During online operation, the target steady-state mapping table is queried based on the real-time forebay water level to determine the target total power generation required to maintain a constant water level.

[0058] Since the target steady-state mapping table records the total power generation required to maintain balance under different inflow rates Qin and different set water levels H, Therefore, in order to determine the target total power generation corresponding to the current real-time forebay water level, it is necessary to first query the target steady-state mapping table.

[0059] Step S13: Determine whether the real-time forebay water level meets the execution conditions for generator start-up and shutdown operations according to the preset forebay water level zoning strategy. If the real-time forebay water level meets the execution conditions for generator start-up and shutdown operations, execute the corresponding generator start-up and shutdown operations according to the preset efficiency priority strategy to adjust the target unit combination participating in operation. The preset efficiency priority strategy means that the generator unit with the highest unit power efficiency is started first, and the generator unit with the lowest efficiency is shut down first.

[0060] In this embodiment, determining whether the real-time forebay water level meets the execution conditions for generator start-up and shutdown operations based on the preset forebay water level zoning strategy includes: after the real-time forebay water level reaches the preset start-up and shutdown triggering area corresponding to the preset forebay water level zoning strategy, determining whether the real-time forebay water level meets the execution conditions for generator start-up and shutdown operations based on the relationship between the duration of the real-time forebay water level in the preset start-up and shutdown triggering area and the preset delay threshold.

[0061] The second innovation of this embodiment is: multi-objective intelligent decision-making based on "efficiency priority queue" and "equal marginal water consumption rate" (overcoming the difficulties of "low efficiency" and "frequent actions").

[0062] Technical challenge: After determining the total power, how to distribute the load among different units to ensure the highest overall power generation efficiency while avoiding unnecessary start-ups and shutdowns?

[0063] Solution: Design a hierarchical decision-making mechanism.

[0064] (a) Start-up / Stop Decision-Making Level (Macro-level Decision-Making):

[0065] The forebay water level is divided into multiple dynamic zones, including "dead zone, normal zone, warning zone, and emergency zone" (i.e., a pre-defined forebay water level zoning strategy). The boundaries of these zones are scientifically set as a percentage based on the forebay's structural dimensions (length L), enhancing adaptability. The specific forebay water level divisions are as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0066] Start-up and shutdown are not triggered at a fixed water level, but rather incorporate a "delay-based decision" (Tstart, Tstop) based on the forebay volume and unit capacity. For example, the start-up condition is: the water level remains above the start-up threshold (i.e., the preset delay threshold) for a period of time (e.g., 8 minutes). This time is determined by a formula... It is tuned so that the system can "sense" whether the trend of changes in the incoming water is continuous or temporary, thereby avoiding frequent actions caused by small fluctuations.

[0067] The start-up and shutdown sequence strictly follows the "efficiency priority queue," which is a preset efficiency priority strategy. This means that the unit with the highest efficiency per unit power is always started first, and the unit with the lowest efficiency is shut down first.

[0068] Step S14: Under the constraint of the target total power generation, load distribution is carried out in the target unit combination with the goal of minimizing the overall water consumption of the system, so as to control the constant water level of the forebay of the hydropower station.

[0069] (b) Load Distribution Layer (Micro-optimization):

[0070] When fine-tuning the load is required within the normal operating range, the principle of "equal marginal water consumption rate" is adopted. Marginal water consumption rate This represents the additional water consumption required to generate one more kilowatt-hour of electricity. An iterative algorithm is used to ensure that all operating units... When the marginal water consumption rates are equal, the total water consumption of the system is minimized, which means the total power generation efficiency is maximized. In other words, in this embodiment, after load allocation in the target unit combination, the marginal water consumption rates of each working generator unit in the target unit combination are equal; where the marginal water consumption rate is the additional water consumed when the unit increases its power generation per unit.

[0071] During the allocation process, the rigidly constrained units avoid the vibration zone and prioritize adjustment within the high-efficiency zone (i.e., the non-vibration zone).

[0072] That is, the process of load allocation in the target unit combination includes: constraining the power generation of each working generator in the target unit combination so as to adjust the power of each generator in the non-vibration zone corresponding to each working generator.

[0073] By implementing macro-level decision-making at the start-up and shutdown decision-making level and micro-level optimization at the load allocation level, the unit group is ensured to always operate in the "most water-efficient" manner, significantly improving power generation per unit volume of water. At the same time, the intelligent delayed start-up and shutdown mechanism has drastically reduced the average number of start-ups and shutdowns per year from 420 to approximately 260, effectively extending equipment lifespan.

[0074] In this embodiment, the process of load allocation within the target unit combination, under the constraint of the target total power generation and with the goal of minimizing the overall water consumption of the system, includes:

[0075] Under the constraints of the target total power generation and the preset PID control parameters, load allocation is carried out in the target unit combination with the goal of minimizing the overall water consumption of the system; wherein, the preset PID control parameters are control parameters obtained offline based on the dominant pole method and orthogonal experiment.

[0076] The above process for load power distribution is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, this includes: querying the target total power corresponding to the real-time forebay water level, initializing the output of each unit, calculating the marginal water consumption rate of each unit and the current total power of the units, determining the direction of the unit power deviation, and adjusting the load according to the corresponding judgment results. This is a manually set power threshold.

[0077] In addition, this implementation is equipped with an online self-learning correction function: at midnight every day, the system automatically uses the water level changes and actual power generation water consumption data from the past 24 hours to reverse-calculate the actual average inflow water flow. Compare this actual value with the estimated value in the offline mapping table. If the error exceeds 5%, an exponential smoothing algorithm (smoothing coefficient) is applied. =0.2) Correct the Qin value in the mapping table.

[0078] That is, after load allocation in the target unit combination, the process also includes: periodically calculating the actual average inflow based on the actual power generation water consumption and forebay water level change data during historical operation, comparing the actual average inflow with the corresponding value in the target steady-state mapping table, and smoothing the inflow value in the target steady-state mapping table based on the comparison result.

[0079] This method enables the control system to "self-evolve." Not only is the initial state stable, but it also continuously calibrates its internal model during long-term operation, adapting to seasonal river changes or unit performance drift, ensuring the long-term effectiveness, high precision, and superior robustness of the control strategy.

[0080] Through experimental testing, the forebay constant water level control method in this embodiment is superior to the traditional method, and the comparison results are as follows: Figure 5 As shown, within a target time period, the water level deviation corresponding to the constant water level control method in the forebay in this embodiment is significantly smaller than the water level deviation corresponding to the traditional method.

[0081] Therefore, this application overcomes the reliance on real-time flow measurement by constructing a steady-state mapping table offline based on unit efficiency and forebay area, thus solving the problem of "reliance on expensive sensors." By combining water level zoning strategy and efficiency-priority start-up and shutdown strategy for decision-making, it balances stability and efficiency when adjusting the combination of operating units. By allocating load with the goal of minimizing the overall water consumption of the system under given unit combination and total power constraints, it maximizes water energy utilization efficiency and solves the problem of low unit operating efficiency.

[0082] See Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment discloses a constant water level control device for the forebay of a hydropower station, applied to the power station control system, including:

[0083] The mapping table construction module 11 is used to construct a target steady-state mapping table offline based on the efficiency curve of the generator set in the target hydropower station and the area of ​​the forebay of the hydropower station; wherein, the target steady-state mapping table is a mapping table that characterizes the balance relationship between the forebay water level, the inflow rate and the total power generation of the generator set in the forebay of the hydropower station.

[0084] The mapping table query module 12 is used to query the target steady-state mapping table based on the real-time forebay water level during online operation in order to determine the target total power generation required to maintain a constant water level.

[0085] The unit adjustment module 13 is used to determine whether the real-time forebay water level meets the execution conditions for generator start-up and shutdown operations according to the preset forebay water level zoning strategy. If the real-time forebay water level meets the execution conditions for generator start-up and shutdown operations, the corresponding generator start-up and shutdown operations are executed according to the preset efficiency priority strategy to adjust the target unit combination participating in operation. The preset efficiency priority strategy means that the generator unit with the highest unit power efficiency is started first, and the generator unit with the lowest efficiency is shut down first.

[0086] The load distribution module 14 is used to distribute the load in the target unit combination under the constraint of the target total power generation, with the goal of minimizing the overall water consumption of the system, so as to control the constant water level of the forebay of the hydropower station.

[0087] In some specific embodiments, the mapping table construction module 11 may specifically include:

[0088] The water consumption flow model establishment unit is used to establish the water consumption flow model of each generator set based on the efficiency curve, and to establish the forebay water level change rate model based on the forebay area.

[0089] The power generation determination unit is used to determine the total power generation required to maintain water level balance under different inflow rates and different forebay water levels under constant water level conditions, using the water consumption flow model and water level change rate model, so as to generate the target steady-state mapping table.

[0090] In some specific embodiments, the unit adjustment module 13 may specifically include:

[0091] The water level judgment unit is used to determine whether the real-time forebay water level meets the execution conditions for generator start-stop operation after the real-time forebay water level reaches the preset start-stop trigger area corresponding to the preset forebay water level zoning strategy, based on the relationship between the duration of the real-time forebay water level in the preset start-stop trigger area and the preset delay threshold.

[0092] In some specific embodiments, the load distribution module 14 may specifically include:

[0093] The power adjustment unit is used to allocate load in the target unit combination with the goal of minimizing the overall water consumption of the system, under the constraints of the target total power generation and preset PID control parameters; wherein, the preset PID control parameters are control parameters obtained offline based on the dominant pole method and orthogonal experiments.

[0094] In some specific embodiments, the load distribution module 14 further includes:

[0095] The mapping table correction unit is used to periodically calculate the actual average inflow based on the actual power generation water consumption and forebay water level change data during historical operation, compare the actual average inflow with the corresponding value in the target steady-state mapping table, and perform smooth correction on the inflow value in the target steady-state mapping table based on the comparison result.

[0096] Furthermore, embodiments of this application also disclose an electronic device, Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of an electronic device 20 according to an exemplary embodiment. The content of the diagram should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application.

[0097] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 20 provided in an embodiment of this application. Specifically, the electronic device 20 may include: at least one processor 21, at least one memory 22, a power supply 23, a communication interface 24, an input / output interface 25, and a communication bus 26. The memory 22 stores a computer program, which is loaded and executed by the processor 21 to implement the relevant steps in the constant water level control method for the forebay of a hydropower station disclosed in any of the foregoing embodiments. Furthermore, the electronic device 20 in this embodiment may specifically be an electronic computer.

[0098] In this embodiment, the power supply 23 is used to provide operating voltage for each hardware device on the electronic device 20; the communication interface 24 can create a data transmission channel between the electronic device 20 and external devices, and the communication protocol it follows can be any communication protocol applicable to the technical solution of this application, and is not specifically limited here; the input / output interface 25 is used to acquire external input data or output data to the outside world, and its specific interface type can be selected according to specific application needs, and is not specifically limited here.

[0099] In addition, the memory 22, as a carrier for resource storage, can be a read-only memory, random access memory, disk or optical disk, etc. The resources stored thereon can include operating system 221, computer program 222, etc., and the storage method can be temporary storage or permanent storage.

[0100] The operating system 221 is used to manage and control the various hardware devices on the electronic device 20 and the computer program 222, which may be Windows Server, Netware, Unix, Linux, etc. In addition to including a computer program capable of performing the hydropower station forebay constant water level control method executed by the electronic device 20 as disclosed in any of the foregoing embodiments, the computer program 222 may further include computer programs capable of performing other specific tasks.

[0101] Furthermore, this application also discloses a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program; wherein, when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the aforementioned method for controlling the constant water level in the forebay of a hydropower station. Specific steps of this method can be found in the corresponding content disclosed in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0102] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to in the method section.

[0103] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0104] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented directly by hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of both. The software module can be located in random access memory (RAM), main memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.

[0105] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0106] The technical solutions provided in this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the constant water level in the forebay of a hydropower station, characterized in that, Applied to power plant control systems, including: A target steady-state mapping table is constructed offline based on the efficiency curves of the generator units in the target hydropower station and the area of ​​the forebay of the hydropower station; wherein, the target steady-state mapping table is a mapping table that characterizes the balance relationship between the forebay water level, the inflow rate and the total power generation of the generator units in the forebay of the hydropower station. During online operation, the target steady-state mapping table is queried based on the real-time forebay water level to determine the target total power generation required to maintain a constant water level. The forebay water level is determined according to the preset forebay water level zoning strategy to determine whether the real-time forebay water level meets the execution conditions for generator set start-up and shutdown. If the real-time forebay water level meets the execution conditions for generator set start-up and shutdown, the corresponding generator set start-up and shutdown operation is executed according to the preset efficiency priority strategy to adjust the target unit combination participating in operation. The preset efficiency priority strategy means that the generator set with the highest unit power efficiency is started first, and the generator set with the lowest efficiency is shut down first. Under the constraint of the target total power generation, the load is allocated in the target unit combination with the goal of minimizing the overall water consumption of the system, so as to control the constant water level of the forebay of the hydropower station.

2. The method for controlling the constant water level in the forebay of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The offline construction of the target steady-state mapping table based on the efficiency curves of the generator units in the target hydropower station and the area of ​​the forebay of the hydropower station includes: A water consumption flow model for each generator set is established based on the efficiency curve, and a forebay water level change rate model is established based on the forebay area. Under constant water level conditions, the total power generation required to maintain water level balance under different inflow rates and different forebay water levels is determined using the water consumption flow model and the water level change rate model, so as to generate the target steady-state mapping table.

3. The method for controlling the constant water level in the forebay of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining whether the real-time forebay water level meets the execution conditions for generator start-up and shutdown operations based on a preset forebay water level zoning strategy includes: After the real-time forebay water level reaches the preset start-stop trigger area corresponding to the preset forebay water level zoning strategy, it is determined whether the real-time forebay water level meets the execution conditions for generator start-stop operation based on the relationship between the duration of the real-time forebay water level in the preset start-stop trigger area and the preset delay threshold.

4. The method for controlling the constant water level in the forebay of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that, After load allocation in the target unit combination, the marginal water consumption rate of each working generator unit in the target unit combination is equal; wherein, the marginal water consumption rate is the additional water consumed when the unit increases its power generation per unit.

5. The method for controlling the constant water level in the forebay of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The load allocation in the target unit combination includes: Power generation constraints are imposed on each working generator set in the target unit combination so that the power of each generator can be adjusted within the non-vibration zone corresponding to each working generator set.

6. The method for controlling the constant water level in the forebay of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that, Under the constraint of the target total power generation, the load allocation in the target unit combination with the objective of minimizing the overall water consumption of the system includes: Under the constraints of the target total power generation and the preset PID control parameters, the load is allocated in the target unit combination with the goal of minimizing the overall water consumption of the system; wherein, the preset PID control parameters are control parameters obtained offline based on the dominant pole method and orthogonal experiments.

7. The method for controlling the constant water level in the forebay of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that, After load allocation is performed in the target unit combination, the process further includes: The actual average inflow rate is periodically calculated based on the actual water consumption for power generation and the change in the forebay water level during historical operation. The actual average inflow rate is then compared with the corresponding value in the target steady-state mapping table, and the inflow rate value in the target steady-state mapping table is smoothed and corrected based on the comparison result.

8. A constant water level control device for the forebay of a hydropower station, characterized in that, Applied to power plant control systems, including: The mapping table construction module is used to construct a target steady-state mapping table offline based on the efficiency curves of the generator units in the target hydropower station and the area of ​​the forebay of the hydropower station; wherein, the target steady-state mapping table is a mapping table that characterizes the balance relationship between the forebay water level, the inflow rate and the total power generation of the generator units in the forebay of the hydropower station. The mapping table query module is used to query the target steady-state mapping table based on the real-time forebay water level during online operation in order to determine the target total power generation required to maintain a constant water level. The unit adjustment module is used to determine whether the real-time forebay water level meets the execution conditions for generator start-up and shutdown operations based on a preset forebay water level zoning strategy. If the real-time forebay water level meets the execution conditions for generator start-up and shutdown operations, the corresponding generator start-up and shutdown operations are executed according to a preset efficiency priority strategy to adjust the target unit combination participating in operation. The preset efficiency priority strategy indicates that the generator unit with the highest unit power efficiency is started first, and the generator unit with the lowest efficiency is shut down first. The load distribution module is used to distribute the load in the target unit combination under the constraint of the target total power generation, with the goal of minimizing the overall water consumption of the system, so as to maintain a constant water level in the forebay of the hydropower station.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor for executing the computer program to implement the constant water level control method for the forebay of a hydropower station as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, Used to store a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the constant water level control method for the forebay of a hydropower station as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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