Digital comprehensive processing system for blasting of strip mine

Abstract

A strip mine blasting digital comprehensive processing system comprises a mine geological information management system, a blasting database management system and a blasting intelligent design system. The mine geological information management system is used for analyzing mine landform features and rock mass structure geological features; the blasting database management system is used for storing theoretical calculation formulas related to blasting intelligent design, laboratory test data and field blasting test parameters; the blasting intelligent design system is used for loose blasting design, is developed by utilizing a three-dimensional graphic display platform, and comprises visual operation of drawing, editing, three-dimensional view display, blasting design and simulation; intelligent combination of blasting design and geological information is achieved, and the blasting design is more reasonable, scientific and accurate; an intelligent blasting optimization design system is established, blasting design template management is achieved, a design parameter database is established, and basic data is provided for blasting effect prediction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention patent belongs to the field of coal mining technology and relates to a digital integrated processing system for open-pit mine blasting. Background Technology

[0002] Deep-hole loosening blasting is frequently used in rock stripping and ore recovery in large open-pit mines. Deep-hole loosening blasting offers high mechanization, fast construction speed, high project quality, and a concentrated blast pile, minimizing damage to bedrock and slopes. It also reduces explosive usage and lowers project costs. Furthermore, loosening blasting meets the requirements of high-bench mining with large open-pit equipment. However, the drilling and blasting effect directly impacts subsequent production stages, such as the efficiency of mining and transportation equipment, and the safety and cost of mining, transportation, and waste disposal. Large, unsuitable pieces of ore after initial crushing require secondary crushing, increasing blasting costs and affecting loading efficiency. Over-crushing of valuable minerals can negatively impact product quality and reduce economic benefits. The geometry and shape of the blast pile also significantly influence mining and transportation processes.

[0003] Currently, with the development of mining engineering, the rock strata structure of open-pit coal mine benches has changed, forming different lithological structures, such as soft upper and hard lower, hard upper and soft lower, and soft upper and lower with a hard middle. The original blasting methods can no longer meet the requirements of the site, resulting in more large blocks after blasting, greater back-throwing (overturning), higher explosive consumption per unit, greater secondary crushing, reduced efficiency of mining and loading equipment, and higher overall production costs. Therefore, in the mine blasting process, it is particularly important to deeply optimize blasting parameters and methods, such as borehole network parameters, borehole layout, charge structure, and detonation sequence, taking into account the physical and mechanical properties of the bench rock, the rock strata structure, and the requirements of subsequent mine production stages.

[0004] Deep-hole loosening blasting is a crucial step in open-pit mining production, and one of the key indicators for measuring the economic efficiency of blasting is the unit consumption of explosives used. The high actual unit consumption of explosives in mines negatively impacts their economic benefits. To reduce costs and increase efficiency in the blasting process, various technical measures are being tested while ensuring the quality of open-pit mine blasting, aiming to further reduce the unit consumption of explosives in open-pit blasting.

[0005] Furthermore, there is a lack of research on computer-aided precise intelligent design for loosening blasting both domestically and internationally. The practical application of loosening blasting in open-pit mines requires intelligent design to elevate the design of open-pit coal mine blasting to a new level. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A digital integrated processing system for open-pit mine blasting includes: a mine geological information management system, a blasting database management system, a blasting intelligent design system, and a three-dimensional graphics display platform; characterized in that: The mine geological information management system is used to analyze the topographic and geomorphological features and geological characteristics of rock masses in mines. The blasting database management system is used to store theoretical calculation formulas, laboratory test data, and field blasting test parameters related to intelligent blasting design. The intelligent blasting design system is used for loosening blasting design. It is developed using a 3D graphics display platform and includes visualization operations for drawing, editing, 3D view display, blasting design, and simulation.

[0007] Furthermore, the topographic and geomorphological features of the mine include the surface morphology and geomorphological distribution of the mining area, topographic elevation map data of the mining area, topographic data on the morphological features and slope of the micro-topography in the blasting area, and the precise measurement of the location of the blasting area, the location of the borehole, and the depth of the borehole using GPS equipment.

[0008] Furthermore, the geological characteristics of the rock mass structure, including the material composition of the blasted rock mass, the type of rock, and the physical and mechanical parameters related to the blastability of the rock; and the internal structural characteristics of the rock mass, including the layered structure and fracture structure characteristics within the rock mass.

[0009] Furthermore, through pre-blasting simulation tests, the stress, strain, fracture, and scattering phenomena occurring inside and outside the rock mass during the blasting process are measured, and the theoretical calculation formula for the rock mass fracture mechanism under blasting action is obtained.

[0010] Furthermore, the laboratory test data involves the dynamic characteristics and blastability of rocks; based on the rock conditions of the quarry, a number of rock samples are taken for rock wave velocity testing to obtain the corresponding dynamic characteristics and blastability. The main parameters are: wave velocity, integrity coefficient, weathering coefficient, and fracture coefficient.

[0011] Furthermore, the on-site blasting test parameters are based on engineering field test data. Blasting tests are conducted at suitable locations and within a suitable area within the current blasting working face of the open-pit mine. Comparative tests are carried out under the same geological conditions by changing parameters such as hole spacing, row spacing, base resistance line, over-depth, filling length, delay time, charge structure, and detonation point location.

[0012] Furthermore, intelligent blasting design in a 3D environment includes blasting area division, hole layout and charge design, connection design, blasting process simulation, blasting design template management, and explosive and pyrotechnics template management; the design intelligently matches the rock strata structure of the mining area, accurately determines the hole network parameters, the number and location of the densified holes, and preset unit consumption, and selects and sets the charge structure, delay interval and detonation sequence.

[0013] Furthermore, the intelligent blasting design system has a statistical analysis and report output subsystem, which statistically outputs the volume of blasted rock, the amount of explosives and pyrotechnics used, the unit consumption of explosives, the hole mesh parameters, the charge structure, the hole layout, the amount of explosives used in a single detonation, and the number of blast holes.

[0014] Furthermore, the blasting intelligent design system also has a blasting effect analysis subsystem. It uses ANSYS / LS-DYNA software to perform numerical calculations and analysis, calculates step blasting under different process setting parameters, statistically analyzes the large block rate, root sill, canopy, flyrock, and explosive consumption, and compares and analyzes the blasting effects of different blasting optimization schemes, providing a basis for selecting on-site blasting optimization schemes.

[0015] An application method based on the aforementioned digital integrated processing system for open-pit mine blasting, characterized in that: Step 1: Conduct on-site surveys to obtain data. Step 2: Theoretical data analysis preparation. Step 3: Implement intelligent blasting design. Step 4: Provide design optimization schemes for different rock mass structures after simulation calculations.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This system achieves intelligent integration of blasting design and geological information, enabling each blasting design to be precisely targeted at the rock strata of the blasting area, making blasting designs more rational, scientific, and accurate. It establishes an intelligent optimization design system for blasting, enabling template-based management of blasting designs and creating a design parameter database to provide fundamental data for predicting blasting effects. It controls the size of blasted rock blocks according to the model of mining equipment, ensuring that the size and quality of blasted blocks meet the requirements of the open-pit mine's production technology department, resulting in good mining and loading effects. It also reduces the unit consumption of explosives, lowering the overall cost of penetration and blasting by 0.05 yuan / m. 3 The rate of large blocks and the rate of foundation are reduced by more than 10%. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system architecture; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the method.

[0018] In the diagram: 1-Geological Information Management System, 2-Database Management System, 3-Intelligent Design System, 4-3D Graphics Display Platform. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention include, but are not limited to, the following embodiments.

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Identical components are denoted by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," "up," and "down" used in the following description refer to directions in the accompanying drawings. The terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0021] A specific embodiment of the present invention provides a digital integrated processing system for open-pit mine blasting. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the system comprehensively utilizes object-oriented programming (OOP), geographic information system (GIS), and virtual reality (VR) technologies. In its design, it employs seamless integration of text / images and data, visualization techniques, integrated data and control flows, and modular software functionalities. In its software code implementation, it utilizes technologies such as controls, ODBC, and DirectX. The system mainly comprises: a mine geological information management system 1, a blasting database management system 2, a blasting intelligent design system 3, and a 3D graphics display platform 4. The Mine Geological Information Management System 1 is used to analyze the topographic and geomorphological features and geological characteristics of rock masses in mines.

[0022] In the analysis of mine topography and geomorphology, data such as the surface morphology and geomorphic distribution of the mining area, topographic contour maps, and the morphological characteristics and slope of the blasting area are collected and organized. GPS equipment is used to accurately measure the location of the blasting area, borehole location, and borehole depth, and the data is input into the management software for precise borehole layout.

[0023] The geological characteristics of the rock mass structure include the material composition of the blasted rock mass, the type of rock and the physical and mechanical parameters related to the blastability of the rock, such as rock density, rock compressive strength, and wave impedance; the internal structural characteristics of the rock mass are investigated, including the layered structure and fracture structure characteristics of the rock mass, such as bedding, foliation, joints, weak interlayers, faults, and weathering fissures.

[0024] The mine geological information management system can import, edit, view, and output data on rock types and their physical and mechanical properties, topographic features, and rock mass structure characteristics in the mining area.

[0025] Blasting Database Management System 2 is used to store theoretical calculation formulas, laboratory test data, and field blasting test parameters related to intelligent blasting design.

[0026] To address the loosening blasting mechanism, pre-blasting simulation tests were conducted to measure the stress, strain, fracturing, and fragmentation phenomena occurring inside and outside the rock mass during the blasting process, yielding a theoretical calculation formula for the rock mass fracturing mechanism under blasting. Applying this fracturing law to guide engineering design can improve blasting effectiveness.

[0027] Laboratory test data involve the dynamic properties and explosiveness of rocks (masses).

[0028] According to blasting theory, when the wave impedance of the rock matches that of the explosive, the explosive transfers the most energy to the rock, resulting in the largest strain value and achieving better blasting effects. Based on the rock conditions of the quarry, several rock samples are taken for wave velocity testing to obtain the corresponding dynamic characteristics and blastability. In rock classification, the main parameters for rock mass classification using elastic waves include: wave velocity, integrity coefficient, weathering coefficient, and fracture coefficient. Generally, a high wave propagation velocity in a rock mass indicates that the rock mass is dense, hard, intact, and lightly weathered; conversely, a low wave velocity indicates that the rock mass is loose, weak, fractured, structurally developed, and severely weathered.

[0029] The parameters for the on-site blasting test were obtained from the data of the engineering field test group.

[0030] In typical sections at different levels of open-pit mines, rock blastability tests are conducted. This involves selecting suitable locations and areas within the current blasting working face of the open-pit mine for blasting tests. Comparative tests are performed under identical geological conditions by varying parameters such as hole spacing, row spacing, base resistance line, over-depth, packing length, delay time, charge structure, and detonation point location.

[0031] The Intelligent Blasting Design System 3 is suitable for loosening blasting design. Developed using a computer 3D graphics platform 4, it includes visualization operations such as drawing, editing, 3D view display, blasting design, and simulation. Rapid intelligent blasting design in a 3D environment includes functions such as blasting area division, hole layout and charge design, connection design, blasting process simulation, blasting design template management, and explosive and pyrotechnic material template management. It can continuously supplement and improve its standard design database. During the design process, it can intelligently match the rock strata structure of the mining area, accurately determine hole network parameters, the number and location of additional holes, preset unit consumption, etc., and select and set the charge structure, delay interval, and detonation sequence. It has a statistical analysis and report output subsystem, which statistically outputs information such as the volume of blasted rock, the amount of explosives and pyrotechnic materials used, the unit consumption of explosives, hole network parameters, charge structure, hole layout location, amount of explosives used in a single detonation, and the number of blast holes.

[0032] The blasting effect analysis subsystem performs numerical calculations and analysis. Using ANSYS / LS-DYNA software, it performs numerical calculations on bench blasting under different process settings, and statistically analyzes blasting effects such as large block ratio, root sill, canopy, flyrock, and explosive consumption. Simultaneously, it compares and analyzes the blasting effects of different blasting optimization schemes, providing a basis for selecting optimal blasting solutions on-site.

[0033] Figure 2The workflow method of this application system involves obtaining data through on-site surveys, preparing theoretical data analysis, implementing intelligent blasting design, and providing design optimization schemes for different rock mass structures after simulation calculations.

[0034] This application system is based on the principle of deep-hole blasting in open-pit mine benches. It analyzes the influence mechanism of geological conditions and blasting design parameters on blasting effects and proposes blasting optimization schemes for actual mine conditions. A geological information management system and a rock (body) blastability classification model are established to provide blasting assistance functions. Through field tests and laboratory measurements, the rock mass wave impedance is calculated and matched with the explosive wave impedance to rationally select the type of explosive and its energy consumption, thus efficiently utilizing explosive energy. A three-dimensional graphics platform is developed, and an open-pit mine blasting digital integrated processing system is established on this platform to complete blasting design stages such as hole layout, charging, wiring, blasting simulation, data statistics, and output of construction icons. It can effectively solve problems such as high proportion of large blocks or over-crushing in mine blasting, the presence of a foundation in the blast pile, and the presence of an overhang on the upper part of the bench after blasting. GPS positioning is 30% more accurate than leveling. It improves the loosening blasting effect and reduces the cost of perforated blasting by 0.05 yuan / m compared to the original method. 3 The average rate of large blocks in loosened blasting is reduced by 10%, and the root sill is reduced. A mine blasting effectiveness evaluation system is established, blasting effectiveness indicators are quantified, and blasting costs are calculated. The digital intelligent blasting design system can serve daily blasting design operations in mines, providing accurate data and designs for blasting construction and improving the efficiency of blasting design work.

[0035] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described digital integrated processing method for open-pit mine blasting.

[0036] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any references to memory, storage, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, or optical storage, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM), etc.

[0037] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "some embodiments," "other embodiments," "ideal embodiments," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example that are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples.

[0038] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0039] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A digital integrated processing system for open-pit mine blasting, comprising: The system comprises a mine geological information management system, a blasting database management system, a blasting intelligent design system, and a 3D graphics display platform; its features include: The mine geological information management system is used to analyze the topographic and geomorphological features and geological characteristics of rock masses in mines. The blasting database management system is used to store theoretical calculation formulas, laboratory test data, and field blasting test parameters related to intelligent blasting design. The intelligent blasting design system is used for loosening blasting design. It is developed using a 3D graphics display platform and includes visualization operations for drawing, editing, 3D view display, blasting design, and simulation.

2. The digital integrated processing system for open-pit mine blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The topographic features of the mine include the surface morphology and landform distribution of the mining area, topographic elevation map data of the mining area, topographic data on the morphological features and slope of the micro-topography in the blasting area, and the use of GPS equipment to accurately measure the location of the blasting area, the location of the borehole, and the depth of the borehole.

3. The digital integrated processing system for open-pit mine blasting according to claim 2, characterized in that, The geological characteristics of the rock mass structure include the material composition of the blasted rock mass, the type of rock, and the physical and mechanical parameters related to the blastability of the rock; and the internal structural characteristics of the rock mass are investigated, including the layered structure and fracture structure characteristics of the rock mass.

4. The digital integrated processing system for open-pit mine blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, By conducting pre-blasting simulation tests, the stress, strain, fracture, and scattering phenomena occurring inside and outside the rock mass during the blasting process are measured, and the theoretical calculation formula for the rock mass fracture mechanism under blasting action is obtained.

5. The digital integrated processing system for open-pit mine blasting according to claim 4, characterized in that, Laboratory test data involve the dynamic characteristics and blastability of rocks; based on the rock conditions of the quarry, a number of rock samples are taken for rock wave velocity testing to obtain the corresponding dynamic characteristics and blastability. The main parameters include wave velocity, integrity coefficient, weathering coefficient, and fracture coefficient.

6. The digital integrated processing system for open-pit mine blasting according to claim 5, characterized in that, The parameters for the on-site blasting test are based on the data from the engineering field test. A suitable location and range are selected within the current blasting working face of the open-pit mine to conduct blasting tests. Comparative tests are conducted under the same geological conditions by changing parameters such as hole spacing, row spacing, base resistance line, over-depth, filling length, delay time, charge structure, and detonation point location.

7. The digital integrated processing system for open-pit mine blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, Intelligent blasting design in a 3D environment includes blasting area division, hole layout and charge design, wiring design, blasting process simulation, blasting design template management, and explosive and pyrotechnics template management. The design intelligently matches the rock strata structure of the mining area, determines the hole network parameters, the number and location of the densified holes, and the preset unit consumption, and selects and sets the charge structure, delay interval and detonation sequence.

8. The digital integrated processing system for open-pit mine blasting according to claim 7, characterized in that, The intelligent blasting design system has a statistical analysis and report output subsystem, which outputs the volume of blasted rock, the amount of explosives and pyrotechnics used, the unit consumption of explosives, the hole mesh parameters, the charge structure, the hole layout, the amount of explosives used in a single detonation, and the number of blast holes.

9. The digital integrated processing system for open-pit mine blasting according to claim 8, characterized in that, The intelligent blasting design system also has a blasting effect analysis subsystem. It uses ANSYS / LS-DYNA software to perform numerical calculations and analyses on step blasting under different process setting parameters. It statistically analyzes the large block rate, root sill, canopy, flyrock, and explosive consumption, and compares and analyzes the blasting effects of different blasting optimization schemes, providing a basis for selecting on-site blasting optimization schemes.

10. An application method based on the digital integrated processing system for open-pit mine blasting as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Step 1: Conduct on-site surveys to obtain data. Step 2: Theoretical data analysis preparation. Step 3: Implement intelligent blasting design. Step 4: Provide design optimization schemes for different rock mass structures after simulation calculations.

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