Recyclable and reusable high-reliability rocket lithium battery for carrier rocket

Abstract

A recyclable and reusable high-reliability rocket lithium battery for a carrier rocket comprises a battery pack, a heating belt, a thermistor and a battery management system, and the power management system comprises a control module, a discharging module, a charging module, a heating module, a power supply module, a communication module, a current sampling module, a voltage sampling module and a temperature sampling module. Therefore, closed-loop control of discharging, charging and heating of the lithium battery is realized. Meanwhile, the lithium battery has two-path discharging and three-path charging functions, and a path of interface capable of directly performing charging and discharging and equalization maintenance on the single battery by virtue of ground equalization equipment is reserved, so that the influence that the single voltage difference becomes large after the lithium battery is used for multiple times is eliminated, the reliability of the product is greatly improved, and the requirement of 500 times of repeated service life can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a highly reliable onboard lithium battery for reusable launch vehicles, belonging to the technical field of launch vehicle power systems. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the demand for space launch vehicles has been increasing, and reusable rockets are one of the key development directions. However, the existing onboard batteries have limitations on space launch capabilities due to prominent issues such as the high cost of zinc-silver batteries and the inability to reuse thermal batteries. This has led to the gradual emergence of more mature lithium batteries as the optimal solution for the power systems of reusable launch vehicles. However, due to the zero-failure requirements of launch vehicles, in order to ensure the output reliability of onboard batteries, launch vehicles typically use direct discharge of onboard lithium batteries to power electrical equipment. This method requires dedicated ground charging equipment and matching process cables to charge the lithium batteries. Given the limited resources at the rocket body interface, it is difficult to detect individual battery information. Furthermore, existing onboard lithium batteries require professional personnel to operate throughout the charging process, especially in low-temperature environments where manual heating is necessary before charging, resulting in a heavy burden in terms of time and maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem solved by this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a highly reliable onboard lithium battery for reusable launch vehicles. This battery can be charged on the launch vehicle through an integrated power management system, and its status information can be transmitted to a ground station via the same system. This solves the problems of existing battery onboard charging requiring numerous process cables, high charging time and maintenance costs, and difficulty in timely monitoring of battery information while on the rocket. The technical solution of this invention is: A highly reliable onboard lithium battery for reusable launch vehicles, characterized by comprising: a battery pack, a heating band, a thermistor, a foam board, a power management system, a housing, a first electrical connector interface, a second electrical connector interface, a third electrical connector interface, a fourth electrical connector interface, and a fifth electrical connector interface; The battery pack is formed by connecting multiple individual batteries in series and parallel. The battery pack is located inside the housing. A foam board is filled between the inner surface of the housing and the outer surface of the battery pack. This foam board is used to insulate the battery pack and cushion it in case of impact. Heating strips are attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the battery pack to heat it. A thermistor is attached to the side surface of the battery pack to monitor its temperature. The power management system is fixed to one inner surface of the housing and controls the charging and discharging of the battery pack on the launch vehicle, while transmitting the battery pack's status information to a ground station for monitoring by test personnel. A first, second, third, fourth, and fifth electrical connector interfaces are provided on one outer surface of the housing. The first, second, and fourth electrical connector interfaces are for connecting the power management system to external devices. The third electrical connector interface is for connecting each individual battery cell in the battery pack to external charging and discharging equipment, used to adjust the charge of each individual battery cell. The fifth electrical connector interface is for connecting the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack to external charging and discharging equipment.

[0004] Furthermore, the power management system integrates a control module, a discharge module, a charging module, a heating module, a power supply module, a communication module, a current sampling module, a voltage sampling module, and a temperature sampling module. The discharge module controls the connection and disconnection between the battery pack and the external load under the control of the control module; The charging module controls the connection and disconnection between the battery pack and the external power supply equipment under the control of the control module, thereby enabling the battery pack to be charged on the launch vehicle. The heating module controls the connection and disconnection between the heating belt and the external power supply under the control of the control module; when the heating belt is connected to the external power supply, the heating belt heats the battery pack; when the heating belt is disconnected from the external power supply, the heating belt stops heating the battery pack. The power supply module is used to convert the external power supply into the internal power supply of the power management system. The current sampling module is used to collect the current of the discharge module, the charging module and the heating module, and transmit the collected current to the control module; The voltage sampling module is used to collect the voltage of each individual cell in the battery pack and transmit the collected voltage to the control module. The temperature acquisition module is used to acquire the resistance value of the thermistor and transmit the acquired resistance value to the control module; The control module receives current from the current sampling module, voltage from the voltage sampling module, and resistance from the temperature sampling module, and converts the resistance from the temperature sampling module into the current temperature of the battery pack. The control module transmits the current, voltage, and temperature data to the communication module, which then transmits them to an external communication device. Simultaneously, the communication module receives control signals from the external communication device. The communication device transmits control signals to the control module, which then controls the starting and stopping of the discharge module, charging module, heating module, and power supply module based on the control signals.

[0005] Furthermore, the discharge module controls the connection and disconnection between the battery pack and the external load via a MOSFET switch; when the MOSFET switch is closed, the battery pack is connected to the external load, and when the MOSFET switch is open, the battery pack is disconnected from the external load. The charging module controls the connection and disconnection between the battery pack and the external power supply via a MOSFET switch; when the MOSFET switch is closed, the battery pack is connected to the external power supply, and when the MOSFET switch is open, the battery pack is disconnected from the external power supply. The heating module controls the connection and disconnection between the heating element and the external power supply via a MOSFET switch; when the MOSFET switch is closed, the heating element is connected to the external power supply, and when the MOSFET switch is open, the heating element is disconnected from the external power supply.

[0006] Furthermore, the first electrical connector interface is the interface between the power supply module of the power management system and the external power supply equipment, and also the interface between the communication module and the external communication equipment. The second electrical connector interface is the interface between the charging module and heating module of the power management system and the external power supply equipment; The fourth electrical connector interface is the interface for connecting the discharge module of the power management system to the external load.

[0007] Furthermore, the on-board lithium battery has two discharge functions. One discharge function is implemented through the fifth electrical connector interface, which directly discharges the battery pack. The other discharge function is implemented through the fourth electrical connector interface, which discharges by calling the discharge module of the power management system.

[0008] Furthermore, the on-board lithium battery has three charging functions. The first charging function is implemented through the second electrical connector interface, which charges the battery pack by calling the charging module of the power management system. The second charging function is implemented through the fifth electrical connector interface, which charges the battery pack by directly connecting the power supply device to the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack. The third charging function is implemented through the third electrical connector interface, which charges the battery pack by directly connecting the power supply device to each individual battery cell in the battery pack.

[0009] Furthermore, the multiple individual cells that make up the battery pack are all ternary lithium batteries; the ternary lithium batteries have a constant discharge rate of 5C, a pulse discharge rate of 10C, a charge rate of 1C, and a cycle life of more than 500 cycles.

[0010] Furthermore, the charging module of the power management system has adaptive buck-boost and voltage limiting / current limiting functions; when the voltage input to the charging module is higher or lower than the battery pack voltage, the charging module charges the battery pack with a limited current until the battery pack voltage reaches the limited voltage; after the battery pack voltage reaches the limited voltage, the limited current is gradually reduced, and charging ends when the limited current is ≤0.1A; the limited voltage is 24V~32V; the initial value of the limited current is 10A.

[0011] Furthermore, the communication module of the power management system uses CAN, RS422 or Ethernet as the communication method when communicating with external communication devices.

[0012] Furthermore, the heating module, discharging module, and charging module of the power management system are isolated independent modules.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to the prior art are: (1) This invention integrates a power management system into the battery and realizes on-arrow charging of lithium batteries through the charging module and heating control module of the power management system, which simplifies the entire process of charging existing lithium batteries on the ground and saves time and maintenance costs.

[0014] (2) The present invention realizes communication between the rocket and the ground station through the communication module in the power management system, which enables ground test personnel to know the battery cell information in a timely manner and make battery adjustments based on the battery cell information, thereby further ensuring the reliability of the battery.

[0015] (3) The present invention can control the battery to supply power to the outside based on the power management system, and can also supply power directly to the outside through the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack, which prevents the battery from becoming unusable when the power management system fails, and greatly increases the reliability of the battery output.

[0016] (4) The present invention uses a high-reliability, high-rate ternary lithium battery in the field of launch vehicles, which can meet the power supply requirements of reusable launch vehicles for more than 100 high-current charging and discharging operations.

[0017] (5) The present invention has a reserved electrical connector interface, through which the individual cells in the battery pack can be connected to the external charging and discharging equipment, thereby realizing direct charging and discharging of individual cells and equalization of individual cell voltage, so as to eliminate the impact of increased individual cell voltage difference after multiple uses of the battery pack. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a highly reliable onboard lithium battery for a reusable launch vehicle according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical principle of a highly reliable onboard lithium battery for a reusable launch vehicle according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a highly reliable onboard lithium battery for reusable launch vehicles, comprising: a battery pack 1, a heating belt 2, a thermistor 3, a foam board 4, a power management system 5, a housing 6, a first electrical connector interface 7, a second electrical connector interface 8, a third electrical connector interface 9, a fourth electrical connector interface 10, and a fifth electrical connector interface 11. The battery pack 1 is formed by connecting multiple individual batteries in series and parallel. The battery pack 1 is located inside the housing 6. A foam board 4 is filled between the inner surface of the housing 6 and the outer surface of the battery pack 1. The foam board 4 is used to insulate the battery pack 1 and cushion it when the lithium battery on the rocket is impacted. Heating strips 2 are attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the battery pack 1, respectively, for heating the battery pack 1. A thermistor 3 is attached to the side surface of the battery pack 1 for monitoring its temperature. The power management system 5 is fixed to one inner surface of the housing 6 and is used to control the charging and discharging of the battery pack 1 on the launch vehicle, while simultaneously... The status information is transmitted to the ground station for monitoring by test personnel; a first electrical connector interface 7, a second electrical connector interface 8, a third electrical connector interface 9, a fourth electrical connector interface 10, and a fifth electrical connector interface 11 are provided on one outer side of the housing 6; the first electrical connector interface 7, the second electrical connector interface 8, and the fourth electrical connector interface 10 are all interfaces for the power management system 5 to connect to the outside; the third electrical connector interface 9 is the interface for each individual cell in the battery pack 1 to connect to the external charging and discharging equipment, and is used to regulate the power of each individual cell; the fifth electrical connector interface 11 is the interface for the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack 1 to connect to the external charging and discharging equipment.

[0021] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the power management system 5 integrates a control module, a discharge module, a charging module, a heating module, a power supply module, a communication module, a current sampling module, a voltage sampling module, and a temperature sampling module. The discharge module controls the connection and disconnection between the battery pack 1 and the external load under the control of the control module; The charging module controls the connection and disconnection between the battery pack 1 and the external power supply equipment under the control of the control module, thereby enabling the battery pack 1 to be charged on the launch vehicle. The heating module controls the connection and disconnection of the heating belt 2 with the external power supply under the control of the control module; when the heating belt 2 is connected to the external power supply, the heating belt 2 heats the battery pack 1; when the heating belt 2 is disconnected from the external power supply, the heating belt 2 stops heating the battery pack 1. The power supply module is used to convert the external power supply into the internal power supply of the power management system 5. The current sampling module is used to collect the current of the discharge module, the charging module and the heating module, and transmit the collected current to the control module; The voltage sampling module is used to collect the voltage of each individual cell in battery pack 1 and transmit the collected voltage to the control module. The temperature acquisition module is used to acquire the resistance value of the thermistor 3 and transmit the acquired resistance value to the control module; The control module receives current from the current sampling module, voltage from the voltage sampling module, and resistance from the temperature sampling module, and converts the resistance from the temperature sampling module into the current temperature of battery pack 1. The control module transmits the current, voltage, and temperature to the communication module, which then transmits them to an external communication device. Simultaneously, the communication module receives control signals sent by the external communication device. The communication device transmits control signals to the control module, which then controls the start-up and shutdown of the discharge module, charging module, heating module, and power supply module based on the control signals.

[0022] This invention integrates a power management system into the battery, and uses the charging module and heating control module of the power management system to achieve on-rocket charging of lithium batteries, simplifying the entire process of charging lithium batteries on the ground, saving time and maintenance costs. At the same time, this invention enables communication between the rocket and the ground station through the communication module in the power management system, allowing ground test personnel to obtain real-time information on individual battery cells and make battery adjustments based on this information, further ensuring battery reliability.

[0023] Furthermore, the discharge module controls the connection and disconnection between battery pack 1 and the external load via a MOSFET switch; when the MOSFET switch is closed, battery pack 1 is connected to the external load, and when the MOSFET switch is open, battery pack 1 is disconnected from the external load. The charging module controls the connection and disconnection between battery pack 1 and the external power supply via a MOSFET switch; when the MOSFET switch is closed, battery pack 1 is connected to the external power supply, and when the MOSFET switch is open, battery pack 1 is disconnected from the external power supply. The heating module controls the connection and disconnection between heating band 2 and the external power supply via a MOSFET switch; when the MOSFET switch is closed, heating band 2 is connected to the external power supply, and when the MOSFET switch is open, heating band 2 is disconnected from the external power supply.

[0024] Furthermore, the first electrical connector interface 7 is the interface between the power supply module of the power management system 5 and the external power supply equipment, and also the interface between the communication module and the external communication equipment. The second electrical connector interface 8 is the interface between the charging module and heating module of the power management system 5 and the external power supply equipment; The fourth electrical connector interface 10 is the interface for connecting the discharge module of the power management system 5 to an external load.

[0025] The on-board lithium battery has two discharge functions. One discharge function is implemented through the fifth electrical connector interface 11, which directly discharges the battery pack 1. The other discharge function is implemented through the fourth electrical connector interface 10, which discharges by calling the discharge module of the power management system 5. This invention can control the battery to supply power to the outside based on the power management system, and can also directly supply power to the outside through the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack, preventing the battery from becoming unusable when the power management system fails, and greatly increasing the reliability of the battery output.

[0026] Furthermore, the on-board lithium battery has three charging functions. The first charging function is implemented through the second electrical connector interface 8, which charges the battery pack 1 by calling the charging module of the power management system 5. The second charging function is implemented through the fifth electrical connector interface 11, which charges the battery pack 1 by directly connecting the power supply device to the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack 1. The third charging function is implemented through the third electrical connector interface 9, which charges the battery pack 1 by directly connecting the power supply device to each individual battery in the battery pack 1. This invention reserves an electrical connector interface, through which the individual batteries in the battery pack can be connected to external charging and discharging equipment, thereby enabling direct charging and discharging of individual batteries and maintaining the consistency and equalization of individual battery voltages, so as to eliminate the impact of increased individual battery voltage differences after multiple uses of the battery pack.

[0027] Furthermore, the multiple individual cells constituting battery pack 1 are all ternary lithium batteries; the ternary lithium batteries have a constant discharge rate of 5C, a pulse discharge rate of 10C, a charge rate of 1C, and a cycle life of more than 500 cycles; the present invention uses highly reliable, high-rate ternary lithium batteries from the field of launch vehicles, which can meet the power supply requirements of reusable launch vehicles for more than 100 high-current charge and discharge cycles.

[0028] Furthermore, the charging module of the power management system 5 has adaptive buck-boost and voltage limiting / current limiting functions; when the voltage input to the charging module is higher or lower than the voltage of the battery pack 1, the charging module charges the battery pack 1 with a limited current until the voltage of the battery pack 1 reaches the limited voltage; after the voltage of the battery pack 1 reaches the limited voltage, the limited current is gradually reduced, and charging ends when the limited current is ≤0.1A; the limited voltage is 24V~32V; the initial value of the limited current is 10A.

[0029] Furthermore, the communication module of the power management system 5 uses CAN, RS422 or Ethernet as the communication method when communicating with external communication devices.

[0030] Furthermore, the heating module, discharging module, and charging module of the power management system 5 are isolated independent modules.

[0031] The parts of this invention not described in detail are common knowledge to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A highly reliable onboard lithium battery for reusable launch vehicles, characterized in that... include: Battery pack (1), heating band (2), thermistor (3), foam board (4), power management system (5), housing (6), first electrical connector interface (7), second electrical connector interface (8), third electrical connector interface (9), fourth electrical connector interface (10) and fifth electrical connector interface (11). The battery pack (1) is formed by connecting multiple individual batteries in series and parallel; the battery pack (1) is located inside the housing (6); a foam board (4) is filled between the inner side of the housing (6) and the outer surface of the battery pack (1), the foam board (4) is used to keep the battery pack (1) warm and to cushion the lithium battery on the rocket when it is impacted; heating strips (2) are respectively attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the battery pack (1), the heating strips (2) are used to heat the battery pack (1); the thermistor (3) is attached to the side surface of the battery pack (1) to monitor the temperature of the battery pack (1); the power management system (5) is fixed on one inner side of the housing (6) to control the charging and discharging of the battery pack (1) on the launch vehicle, and at the same time The status information of the battery pack is transmitted to the ground station for monitoring by test personnel; a first electrical connector interface (7), a second electrical connector interface (8), a third electrical connector interface (9), a fourth electrical connector interface (10) and a fifth electrical connector interface (11) are provided on one outer side of the housing (6); the first electrical connector interface (7), the second electrical connector interface (8) and the fourth electrical connector interface (10) are all interfaces for the power management system (5) to connect to the outside; the third electrical connector interface (9) is the interface for each individual cell in the battery pack (1) to connect to the external charging and discharging equipment, and is used to adjust the power of each individual cell; the fifth electrical connector interface (11) is the interface for the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack (1) to connect to the external charging and discharging equipment.

2. The highly reliable onboard lithium battery for reusable launch vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power management system (5) includes a control module, a discharge module, a charging module, a heating module, a power supply module, a communication module, a current sampling module, a voltage sampling module, and a temperature sampling module; The discharge module controls the connection and disconnection between the battery pack (1) and the external load under the control of the control module; The charging module controls the connection and disconnection between the battery pack (1) and the external power supply equipment under the control of the control module, thereby enabling the battery pack (1) to be charged on the launch vehicle; The heating module controls the connection and disconnection of the heating belt (2) with the external power supply under the control of the control module; when the heating belt (2) is connected to the external power supply, the heating belt (2) heats the battery pack (1); when the heating belt (2) is disconnected from the external power supply, the heating belt (2) stops heating the battery pack (1); The power supply module is used to convert the external power supply into the internal power supply of the power management system (5); The current sampling module is used to collect the current of the discharge module, the charging module and the heating module, and transmit the collected current to the control module; The voltage sampling module is used to collect the voltage of each individual cell in the battery pack (1) and transmit the collected voltage to the control module; The temperature acquisition module is used to acquire the resistance value of the thermistor (3) and transmit the acquired resistance value to the control module; The control module is used to receive the current collected by the current sampling module, the voltage collected by the voltage sampling module, and the resistance value collected by the temperature sampling module, and convert the resistance value collected by the temperature sampling module into the current temperature of the battery pack (1); the control module transmits the current, voltage and temperature to the communication module, and the communication module transmits them to the external communication device; at the same time, the communication module receives the control signal sent by the external communication device; the communication device transmits the control signal to the control module, and the control module controls the start and stop of the discharge module, charging module, heating module and power supply module based on the control signal.

3. The highly reliable onboard lithium battery for reusable launch vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The discharge module controls the connection and disconnection of the battery pack (1) with the external load through a MOSFET switch; when the MOSFET switch is closed, the battery pack (1) is connected to the external load, and when the MOSFET switch is open, the battery pack (1) is disconnected from the external load; the charging module controls the connection and disconnection of the battery pack (1) with the external power supply device through a MOSFET switch; when the MOSFET switch is closed, the battery pack (1) is connected to the external power supply device, and when the MOSFET switch is open, the battery pack (1) is disconnected from the external power supply device; the heating module controls the connection and disconnection of the heating strip (2) with the external power supply device through a MOSFET switch; when the MOSFET switch is closed, the heating strip (2) is connected to the external power supply device, and when the MOSFET switch is open, the heating strip (2) is disconnected from the external power supply device.

4. A highly reliable onboard lithium battery for reusable launch vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first electrical connector interface (7) is the interface between the power supply module of the power management system (5) and the external power supply equipment, and also the interface between the communication module and the external communication equipment; The second electrical connector interface (8) is the interface between the charging module and heating module of the power management system (5) and the external power supply equipment; The fourth electrical connector interface (10) is the interface for connecting the discharge module of the power management system (5) to the external load.

5. A highly reliable onboard lithium battery for reusable launch vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The on-board lithium battery has two discharge functions. One discharge function is implemented through the fifth electrical connector interface (11), which directly discharges the battery pack (1). The other discharge function is implemented through the fourth electrical connector interface (10), which discharges by calling the discharge module of the power management system (5).

6. A highly reliable onboard lithium battery for reusable launch vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The on-board lithium battery has three charging functions. The first charging function is realized through the second electrical connector interface (8), which charges the battery pack (1) by calling the charging module of the power management system (5). The second charging function is realized through the fifth electrical connector interface (11), which charges the battery pack (1) by directly connecting the power supply equipment to the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack (1). The third charging function is realized through the third electrical connector interface (9), which charges the battery pack (1) by directly connecting the power supply equipment to each individual battery in the battery pack (1).

7. A highly reliable onboard lithium battery for reusable launch vehicles according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The multiple individual cells that make up the battery pack (1) are all ternary lithium batteries; the ternary lithium batteries have a constant discharge rate of 5C, a pulse discharge rate of 10C, a charging rate of 1C, and a cycle life of more than 500 cycles.

8. A highly reliable onboard lithium battery for reusable launch vehicles according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The power management system (5) has an adaptive buck-boost and voltage limiting and current limiting functions. When the voltage input to the charging module is higher or lower than the voltage of the battery pack (1), the charging module charges the battery pack (1) with a limiting current until the voltage of the battery pack (1) reaches the limiting voltage. After the voltage of the battery pack (1) reaches the limiting voltage, the limiting current is gradually reduced. When the limiting current is ≤0.1A, the charging ends. The limiting voltage is 24V~32V. The initial value of the limiting current is 10A.

9. A highly reliable onboard lithium battery for reusable launch vehicles according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The communication module of the power management system (5) communicates with external communication devices using CAN, RS422 or Ethernet.

10. A highly reliable onboard lithium battery for reusable launch vehicles according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The heating module, discharging module and charging module of the power management system (5) are isolated independent modules.

Images