Battery gradient utilization energy storage system dynamic redundancy control method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a dynamic redundancy control method and system for a battery gradient utilization energy storage system, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the number of series-parallel redundant batteries, determining the scale of a corresponding battery matrix in different voltage modes, and completing the parameter configuration of a switching network and a control unit; calculating the available capacity of the battery matrix in different voltage modes, and adjusting a capacity demand threshold value; detecting according to a threshold value, and when a fault battery is detected, executing fault isolation and redundancy supplement logic, generating a switch control sequence, and adjusting a series circuit combination mode; constructing a battery weight matrix, and switching the working state of the battery in combination with a scheduling table with a voltage mode mark; and according to parameter configuration, a scheduling table and a series circuit combination mode, performing periodic iterative updating, and maintaining stable system capacity, voltage and performance. According to the method, the problem of system performance degradation caused by battery inconsistency and local faults is effectively relieved, and the capacity utilization rate, the system reliability and the cycle life of the gradient utilization battery are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a dynamic redundancy control method and system for a battery cascade energy storage system, belonging to the field of energy storage control technology. Background Technology

[0002] In photovoltaic-storage-DC-flexible buildings, dynamic redundancy control of the battery cascade energy storage system is crucial for improving system compatibility, reliability, and capacity utilization. However, existing technologies suffer from numerous adaptability deficiencies. Photovoltaic-storage-DC-flexible buildings are characterized by DC power supply, dynamic load fluctuations, flexible spatial layout, and multi-level bus voltages, placing extremely high demands on the compatibility, reliability, capacity utilization, and voltage adaptability of the supporting energy storage system. However, existing battery cascade energy storage control technologies and systems have shortcomings in redundancy configuration, capacity calculation, rotation strategies, topology reconfiguration, and safety control, making it difficult to meet the complex operational requirements of these building types.

[0003] (1) Existing redundancy configuration methods lack quantitative algorithm support and are not effectively combined with the requirements of multiple voltage levels.

[0004] Currently, redundancy designs in battery cascade utilization systems often employ fixed or empirical redundancy schemes (such as patent 202510935548.3), failing to consider the failure probability distribution of cascade batteries and the dynamic switching requirements of building bus voltage levels. This configuration leads to unreasonable allocation of redundancy resources, resulting in excessive or insufficient redundancy, and the inability to achieve smooth voltage level switching when system capacity changes, affecting the stability and reliability of system operation.

[0005] (2) Existing capacity calculation methods are limited by the inconsistency of batteries, resulting in a capacity "short-board effect".

[0006] Traditional control methods typically employ simple equalization or faulty battery bypass strategies (such as patent 202421714883.8), lacking accurate capacity calculation models to assess the actual usable capacity of cascaded battery utilization. Due to significant inconsistencies between batteries, a large number of healthy battery capacities in the system are "clamped" by faulty or low-performance batteries and cannot be effectively utilized, resulting in a low overall system capacity utilization rate (usually less than 60%), and easily causing bus voltage fluctuations during capacity adjustment.

[0007] (3) The existing rotation strategy lacks dynamic weight allocation, making it difficult to suppress battery degradation and adapt to voltage switching.

[0008] Currently used rotation logic is mostly a simple rotation based on fixed timing, without dynamically allocating workload weights based on the actual battery capacity and health status. This strategy cannot effectively alleviate the accelerated degradation problem caused by battery inconsistency, and it fails to adjust the rotation configuration synchronously when the bus voltage changes, which can easily cause load distribution imbalance and affect the overall system operating efficiency and battery life.

[0009] (4) The existing topology reconstruction and voltage control are disconnected, resulting in insufficient switching response performance.

[0010] Although existing reconfigurable topology designs (such as patent 202510771232.5) focus on switching architecture optimization, they lack control algorithms that deeply integrate with redundancy configuration, capacity calculation, rotation strategies, and voltage switching strategies. The reconfiguration decision-making process is not quantified, resulting in the inability to quickly and stably switch between multiple voltage levels when the system capacity changes. Voltage fluctuations can reach ±10% or more, severely affecting the system's dynamic response performance.

[0011] (5) The existing safety control mechanism is not effectively coordinated with redundant scheduling and voltage adaptation.

[0012] Existing fault handling solutions typically focus only on the simple isolation of faulty batteries (e.g., patent 202510919760.0), failing to organically combine fault isolation, dynamic scheduling of redundant resources, and voltage switching processes. Furthermore, there is a lack of efficient safety control mechanisms adapted to the unique spatial layout and electrical characteristics of photovoltaic-storage-flexible buildings, resulting in insufficient fire risk prevention capabilities when the system responds to faults, thus affecting overall operational safety.

[0013] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method that can effectively alleviate the system performance degradation caused by battery inconsistency and local faults. Summary of the Invention

[0014] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dynamic redundancy control method and system for battery cascade energy storage systems. By isolating or rotating abnormal batteries, normal batteries can continue to work efficiently, significantly improving the system's fault tolerance and operational resilience in the event of partial battery failure. It is applicable to different levels from modules to systems and can be widely used in fields requiring high-reliability battery energy storage, such as photovoltaic-storage-flexible buildings and distributed energy storage.

[0015] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented using the following technical solution.

[0016] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a dynamic redundancy control method for a battery cascade energy storage system, comprising:

[0017] Obtain the number of series redundant batteries and parallel redundant batteries, determine the corresponding battery matrix size under different voltage modes, and complete the parameter configuration of the switching network and control unit.

[0018] Based on the maximum available capacity algorithm, the available capacity of the battery matrix under different voltage modes is calculated, and the capacity demand threshold is adjusted in combination with dynamic load.

[0019] Based on the capacity demand threshold, the changes in bus voltage demand and serial capacity loss are detected. Once the threshold is reached, the voltage mode switching is triggered, and the battery weight matrix and schedule are updated. Switching control commands are generated to adjust the serial combination mode.

[0020] When a faulty battery is detected, fault isolation and redundancy supplementation logic is executed, and a switching control sequence is generated in combination with the current voltage mode to adjust the serial combination mode.

[0021] Construct a battery weight matrix, combine it with a schedule with voltage mode markings, control the switch network to switch the battery working state according to the time sequence, and adjust the serial combination mode;

[0022] Based on parameter configuration, shift schedule, and serial combination mode, the system performs periodic iterative updates to adapt to changes in dynamic load and bus voltage, triggering voltage mode switching.

[0023] Furthermore, the battery cascade energy storage system architecture suitable for photovoltaic-storage-flexible buildings includes three aspects: a matrix modular battery pack, a high-degree-of-freedom switching network, and an intelligent control unit. The matrix modular battery pack adopts... The matrix structure, including different voltage modes, is suitable for the DC power supply needs of photovoltaic-storage-DC-flexible buildings. Each battery cell / module is an independent operating unit with a suspended modular design, equipped with a built-in temperature sensor and a hook-type "ejection" mechanism to support gravity separation to the combustion well in case of failure, preventing the spread of fire. The single-circuit voltage is designed to be 375V. Individual units are connected in series, and two sets of series circuits can reach 750V to meet the requirements of dual voltage levels.

[0024] The high-degree-of-freedom switching network includes three types of switching elements: single-unit on / off switches. Used to control the connection or disconnection of individual units and topology switching. Used to control the transfer of individual cells across serial channels, and to switch between serial and parallel connections. It is used to control the series connection of the serial group or direct parallel connection to realize the switching between 750V and 325V. The switching element is MOSFET, which is used to work with the drive circuit to achieve millisecond-level response.

[0025] The intelligent control unit integrates multiple module algorithms, including a probability distribution calculation module, a watershed capacity calculation module, a two-dimensional rotation layout module, a voltage mode switching module, a topology control module, and a temperature / capacity / voltage detection module. It is used to support communication and coordination with the photovoltaic-storage-direct-flexible building photovoltaic system and flexible loads, and to receive load change and bus voltage demand signals in real time.

[0026] Furthermore, the dynamic redundancy control method involves constructing a system adapted to the DC characteristics of photovoltaic-storage-DC-flexible buildings. Matrix-style large-scale battery packs This refers to the number of individual battery cells in a single series circuit. For parallel series paths, All values ​​are integers greater than 1. Each battery cell / module is equipped with an on / off switch and a temperature sensor, supporting independent offline detection, topology transformation, and serial reassembly.

[0027] Furthermore, the voltage modes include Mode A and Mode B, wherein Mode A uses a 750V bus voltage and employs " The serial circuit combination form, that is, two sets of serial circuits are first connected in series and then in parallel: the control switch network divides the serial circuits in the matrix into two groups, each group The two series circuits are first connected in series to form two total series circuits, and then connected in parallel to the 750V bus. The voltage of a single total series circuit = the voltage of a single series circuit × 2.

[0028] Mode B uses a 375V bus voltage and employs " The series combination form, that is, a single series circuit directly connected in parallel: the control switch network disconnects the series connection between the series circuits, and all The series circuits are directly connected in parallel to the 375V busbar;

[0029] During voltage mode switching, the total voltage fluctuation should be maintained at no more than ±3%, and the capacity loss should be no more than 5%.

[0030] In this invention, a redundancy configuration method based on probability distribution is established to address the complex requirements of dynamic loads and multiple voltage levels (750V / 375V) in photovoltaic-storage-flexible buildings on system reliability, cost, and voltage compatibility. This method can accurately calculate redundant resources, achieve the optimal balance between reliability, cost, and voltage adaptability, and ensure that the system can operate stably and efficiently under different operating conditions.

[0031] Furthermore, a battery failure probability distribution model is constructed to calculate the acceptable loss rate. Required number of series redundant batteries and parallel redundant battery capacity The optimal size of the battery matrix is ​​determined by combining voltage adaptation requirements. The probability distribution expression is:

[0032] ;

[0033] in, For single-path loss The probability of a single entity, For combinations, Total number of single-channel units , Set the system's loss tolerance capacity in advance.

[0034] Furthermore, the amount of series redundant batteries and parallel redundant battery capacity The result was obtained through iterative convergence calculation, including: based on the battery failure probability distribution. Calculate the maximum number of loss cells under a single-channel confidence level. ,get Using the series loss probability as input, calculate the probability of loss in parallel series circuits exceeding... The probability distribution of the lost serial data is obtained iteratively. Until the size that meets the adaptation requirements is determined.

[0035] Furthermore, a high-degree-of-freedom switching network and an intelligent control unit are configured, the control unit collecting the temperature of individual battery cells in real time. ,capacity The system monitors the state of health (SOH) and bus voltage demand signals, triggers the "ejection" isolation of faulty batteries via the temperature monitoring module, and marks the failed cells via the capacity screening module.

[0036] In the method of this invention, the modular suspended design adapts to the building space layout, the "ejection" + combustion well mechanism solves the fire risk of battery utilization in tiers, and the ventilation system reduces the battery operating temperature and improves safety redundancy.

[0037] Furthermore, the available capacity is calculated using a maximum available capacity algorithm based on the watershed water injection concept, to overcome the bottleneck effect. The expression is:

[0038] ;

[0039] in, The lower limit of the basic working battery capacity This provides replenishable capacity for redundant batteries;

[0040] The watershed water injection algorithm includes: sorting the batteries in the series circuit by capacity, using the minimum number of individual cells required for operation in the corresponding voltage mode as the basic threshold, which is [value missing] in mode A. Mode B is The redundant battery capacity is filled into the capacity trough of the basic battery in order from "low to high", and the total filling amount does not exceed the cumulative difference of the troughs.

[0041] The watershed water injection algorithm of this invention can dynamically and accurately assess the available capacity of the system, overcome the inconsistency limitation, improve the overall capacity utilization rate to more than 85%, and ensure that the system voltage fluctuation is strictly controlled within ±3% during the capacity change process.

[0042] Furthermore, the battery weight matrix is ​​constructed using a two-dimensional rotation strategy, and a corresponding schedule is generated. Combined with voltage mode requirements, the control switch network dynamically adjusts the battery operating timing, connection relationships, and series combination modes. The expression is:

[0043] ;

[0044] in, For the first Chuan Lu Di Work weight per unit, This represents the real-time capacity of the unit.

[0045] The scheduling table includes six dimensions: start-up timing, stop-up timing, capacity ranking, start-up count, stop-up count, and voltage mode marker. A sorting mapping module establishes the correspondence between capacity ranking and battery spatial location. The voltage mode marker distinguishes working configurations under different voltages to prevent the same battery from undertaking multiple tasks simultaneously. The conflict resolution logic expression is as follows:

[0046] ;

[0047] in The battery safety temperature threshold, The voltage mode weights are set to 1 for both Mode A and Mode B to ensure load balancing.

[0048] This invention employs a weighted two-dimensional rotation algorithm and scheduling mechanism, which can dynamically and evenly distribute the workload according to the battery status, avoiding overload or premature degradation of some batteries, thereby effectively slowing down the degradation rate of healthy batteries and extending the cycle life of the entire battery system.

[0049] Furthermore, iterative updates to redundant configurations, scheduling tables, and voltage combination modes are implemented to adapt to changes in dynamic load and bus voltage requirements in photovoltaic-storage-DC-flexible buildings, maintaining system capacity, voltage, and performance stability.

[0050] Secondly, the present invention provides a dynamic redundancy control system for a battery cascade energy storage system, comprising:

[0051] The parameter configuration module is used to obtain the number of series redundant batteries and parallel redundant batteries, determine the corresponding battery matrix size under different voltage modes, and complete the parameter configuration of the switching network and control unit.

[0052] The capacity calculation module is used to calculate the available capacity of the battery matrix under different voltage modes based on the maximum available capacity algorithm, and to adjust the capacity demand threshold in combination with dynamic load.

[0053] The voltage switching module is used to detect changes in bus voltage demand and serial capacity loss based on the capacity demand threshold. Once the threshold is reached, the voltage mode switching is triggered, and the battery weight matrix and schedule are updated. Switching control commands are generated to adjust the serial combination mode.

[0054] The topology reconfiguration module is used to perform fault isolation and redundancy supplementation logic when a faulty battery is detected, generate a switching control sequence based on the current voltage mode, and adjust the serial combination mode.

[0055] The shift execution module is used to construct a battery weight matrix, and combined with a schedule with voltage mode markings, control the switch network to switch the battery working state according to the time sequence and adjust the serial combination mode.

[0056] The iterative optimization module is used to perform periodic iterative updates based on parameter configuration, shift schedule, and series combination mode, adapting to changes in dynamic load and bus voltage, and triggering voltage mode switching.

[0057] Thirdly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program / instruction stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the dynamic redundancy control method for a battery cascade energy storage system as described in any of the first aspects.

[0058] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer device, comprising:

[0059] Memory, used to store computer programs / instructions;

[0060] A processor for executing the computer program / instructions to implement the steps of the dynamic redundancy control method for a battery cascaded energy storage system as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0061] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0062] This invention employs a dynamic redundancy control method for battery-based energy storage systems. It obtains the optimal scale of series and parallel redundancy and battery matrix by using battery failure probability distribution; it uses a maximum available capacity calculation algorithm based on the watershed water injection concept to obtain the current available capacity of the batteries, thus overcoming the bottleneck effect; it constructs a battery weight matrix using a two-dimensional rotation strategy, generates a scheduling table, and adjusts the series combination mode. This method extends the system's cycle life by balancing the load and links voltage switching with redundancy scheduling, further improving the system's operational stability under fault conditions; based on the redundancy configuration, scheduling table, and series combination mode, iterative updates are performed to adapt to changes in dynamic load and bus voltage demand in photovoltaic-storage-DC-flexible buildings, enabling flexible switching between different voltage modes.

[0063] The present invention provides a dynamic redundancy control system for battery cascade energy storage system. The system integrates a parameter configuration module, a capacity calculation module, a voltage switching module, a topology reconfiguration module, a shift execution module, and an iterative optimization module. It deeply integrates and coordinates multiple calculations such as redundancy configuration, capacity calculation, and topology reconfiguration, which significantly improves the overall response speed and operating efficiency to changes in internal and external conditions.

[0064] The method of this invention is adapted to the DC power distribution architecture of photovoltaic-storage-DC-flexible buildings, and can be seamlessly coordinated with photovoltaic systems and flexible loads. It is also applicable to other scenarios that require dual voltage adaptation, such as distributed energy storage and electric vehicle charging stations. Attached Figure Description

[0065] Figure 1 This is an overall flowchart of the dynamic redundancy control method for a battery cascade energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the energy storage system architecture for the dynamic redundancy control method of the battery cascade utilization energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0067] It should be noted that:

[0068] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solution of the present invention, rather than limitations thereof. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0069] The term "and / or" simply describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. Additionally, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0070] Example 1

[0071] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment introduces a dynamic redundancy control method for a battery cascade energy storage system, including:

[0072] Obtain the number of series redundant batteries and parallel redundant batteries, determine the corresponding battery matrix size under different voltage modes, and complete the parameter configuration of the switching network and control unit.

[0073] Based on the maximum available capacity algorithm, the available capacity of the battery matrix under different voltage modes is calculated, and the capacity demand threshold is adjusted in combination with dynamic load.

[0074] Based on the capacity demand threshold, the changes in bus voltage demand and serial capacity loss are detected. Once the threshold is reached, the voltage mode switching is triggered, and the battery weight matrix and schedule are updated. Switching control commands are generated to adjust the serial combination mode.

[0075] When a faulty battery is detected, fault isolation and redundancy supplementation logic is executed, and a switching control sequence is generated in combination with the current voltage mode to adjust the serial combination mode.

[0076] Construct a battery weight matrix, combine it with a schedule with voltage mode markings, control the switch network to switch the battery working state according to the time sequence, and adjust the serial combination mode;

[0077] Based on parameter configuration, shift schedule, and serial combination mode, the system performs periodic iterative updates to adapt to changes in dynamic load and bus voltage, triggering voltage mode switching.

[0078] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the battery cascade energy storage system architecture suitable for photovoltaic-storage-flexible buildings includes three aspects: a matrix modular battery pack, a high-degree-of-freedom switching network, and an intelligent control unit. The matrix modular battery pack adopts... The matrix structure, including different voltage modes, is suitable for the DC power supply needs of photovoltaic-storage-DC-flexible buildings. Each battery cell / module is an independent operating unit with a suspended modular design, equipped with a built-in temperature sensor and a hook-type "ejection" mechanism to support gravity separation to the combustion well in case of failure, preventing the spread of fire. The single-circuit voltage is designed to be 375V. Individual units are connected in series, and two sets of series circuits can reach 750V to meet the requirements of dual voltage levels.

[0079] The high-degree-of-freedom switching network includes three types of switching elements: single-unit on / off switches. Used to control the connection or disconnection of individual units and topology switching. Used to control the transfer of individual cells across serial channels, and to switch between serial and parallel connections. It is used to control the series connection of the serial group or direct parallel connection to realize the switching between 750V and 325V. The switching element is MOSFET, which is used to work with the drive circuit to achieve millisecond-level response.

[0080] The intelligent control unit integrates multiple module algorithms, including a probability distribution calculation module, a watershed capacity calculation module, a two-dimensional shift scheduling module, a voltage mode switching module, a topology control module, and a temperature / capacity / voltage detection module. It is used to support communication and coordination with the photovoltaic-storage-direct-flexible building photovoltaic system and flexible loads, and to receive load change and bus voltage demand signals in real time.

[0081] Furthermore, dynamic redundancy control methods include: constructing a system adapted to the DC characteristics of photovoltaic-storage-DC-flexible buildings. Matrix-style large-scale battery packs This refers to the number of individual battery cells in a single series circuit. For parallel series paths, All values ​​are integers greater than 1. Each battery cell / module is equipped with an on / off switch and a temperature sensor, supporting independent offline detection, topology transformation, and serial reassembly.

[0082] Furthermore, a probability distribution-based redundancy optimization configuration algorithm is employed to determine the series and parallel redundancy of the battery matrix, ensuring that the redundancy is within the preset loss rate. Confidence level Under different voltage requirements (750V / 375V), the system has optimal reliability and lowest cost. The single-channel loss probability model is expressed as follows:

[0083] ;

[0084] in, For single-path loss The probability of a single entity, For combinations, Total number of single-channel units , Set the system's loss tolerance capacity in advance.

[0085] Parallel-series loss probability model, calculation In a series of parallel paths, more than Number of lost routes The probability distribution is expressed as:

[0086] ;

[0087] in, For single-pass loss exceeding The probability of.

[0088] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the number of series redundant batteries... and parallel redundant battery capacity The result was obtained through iterative convergence calculation, including: first, based on the battery failure probability distribution... Plot the probability density curve of the number of loss cells in a single-path circuit to determine the maximum number of loss cells at a 99% confidence level. Initial series redundancy Then, using the series loss probability as input, calculate the probability of loss in parallel series circuits exceeding... The probability distribution of the lost serial data is obtained iteratively. until it is determined that the condition is met. The final parallel redundancy is obtained. .

[0089] Furthermore, the voltage modes include Mode A and Mode B, wherein Mode A uses a 750V bus voltage and employs " The serial circuit combination form, that is, two sets of serial circuits are first connected in series and then in parallel: the control switch network divides the serial circuits in the matrix into two groups, each group The series circuits are first connected in series to form two total series circuits, and then connected in parallel to the 750V bus. The voltage of a single total series circuit = the voltage of a single series circuit × 2. Mode B uses a 375V bus voltage and adopts " The series combination form, that is, a single series circuit directly connected in parallel: the control switch network disconnects the series connection between the series circuits, and all The series circuits are directly connected in parallel to the 375V busbar;

[0090] In this embodiment, when the basic scale of the demand for photovoltaic-storage-direct-flexible building is... That is, 375V single string, That is, the number of parallel and series paths. , When the convergence occurs, the size of the matrix is It is compatible with 750V, i.e., two sets. Series connection and 375V, i.e., single group Series-parallel connection mode.

[0091] During voltage mode switching, the total voltage fluctuation should be maintained at no more than ±3%, and the capacity loss should be no more than 5%.

[0092] Furthermore, a high-degree-of-freedom switching network and an intelligent control unit are configured. In this embodiment, the control unit collects the temperature of the individual battery cells at 1-second intervals. ,capacity The system monitors the state of health (SOH) and bus voltage demand signals, triggers the "ejection" isolation of faulty batteries via the temperature monitoring module, and marks the failed cells via the capacity screening module.

[0093] Furthermore, the available capacity is calculated using a maximum available capacity algorithm based on the watershed water injection concept. In this embodiment, the watershed capacity calculation is performed every 5 minutes to overcome the bottleneck effect caused by battery inconsistency, accurately calculate the maximum available capacity of the series circuit and the entire matrix under different voltage modes, and ensure voltage stability when the capacity changes. The expression is:

[0094] ;

[0095] in, The lower limit of the basic working battery capacity This provides replenishable capacity for redundant batteries;

[0096] The watershed water injection algorithm includes: first, sorting the batteries in the series circuit by capacity, using the minimum number of individual cells required for operation in the corresponding voltage mode as the basic threshold, which is [value missing] in mode A. Mode B is In this embodiment, the serial capacity sorting and basic threshold determination are as follows:

[0097] 375V mode, i.e., mode B: The battery capacity within a single string is calculated based on real-time capacity. Sort in descending order and take the first few. One cell serves as the basic working cell, with the remaining cells... Redundant batteries;

[0098] In 750V mode, i.e., mode A: sort the two sets of serial circuits separately, and take the first one from each set. Each individual cell serves as the basic working battery, and two sets of redundant batteries are merged into a shared redundant resource.

[0099] Secondly, redundant battery capacity is filled in order of increasing capacity trough of the base battery, with the total filling amount not exceeding the cumulative difference between the troughs. Let the minimum capacity of the base working battery be... The total capacity during the trough is That is, summing within the basic battery pack, the total capacity of the redundant batteries is That is, the summation of redundant batteries; when At that time, the maximum available capacity of a single serial port ,in Based on the average battery capacity; when At that time, the maximum available capacity of a single serial port ;

[0100] 375V mode matrix maximum available capacity ,in This represents the average capacity of a single-pass circuit.

[0101] 750V mode matrix maximum available capacity That is, two sets of series circuits are connected in series, the capacity remains the same, and the voltage is doubled.

[0102] Furthermore, when a faulty battery is detected, the control unit executes the following logic in linkage voltage mode: (1) Fault isolation: if Trigger the "ejection" mechanism and control it simultaneously. ,mark (2) Redundancy replenishment: Based on the current voltage mode, in 375V mode, the redundant battery of this series is directly called, and in 750V mode, the shared redundant battery between groups is called to maintain the voltage stability of a single series; (3) Cross-circuit scheduling: If The remaining healthy batteries in the current circuit are transferred to other circuits, and the voltage mode is adjusted, switching from 750V to 375V if necessary, to ensure that the system voltage does not fall below the threshold.

[0103] Furthermore, the battery weight matrix is ​​constructed using a two-dimensional rotation strategy, and a corresponding schedule is generated. Combined with voltage mode requirements, the control switch network dynamically adjusts the battery operating timing, connection relationships, and series combination modes. The expression for the two-dimensional weight matrix is:

[0104] ;

[0105] in, For the first Chuan Lu Di Work weight per unit, This represents the real-time capacity of the unit. In this embodiment, the battery safety temperature threshold is used as the reference. , The voltage mode weights are set to 1 for both Mode A and Mode B to ensure load balance. The larger the weight value, the higher the priority.

[0106] In this embodiment, the serial communication operating ratio is:

[0107] 375V mode: The working time ratio of each circuit ;

[0108] 750V mode: The working time ratio of both series circuits is 1, and the single series circuit ratio within the group is... ;

[0109] The proportion of single-cell operating time in the series ;

[0110] In this embodiment, a corresponding shift schedule is generated, and the shift schedule is as follows: ,in To segment the scheduling cycle, a new "Voltage Mode Marker" column has been added. ; , The sorting and mapping module associates capacity ranking with battery spatial location to avoid conflicting scheduling of the same battery.

[0111] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the probability distribution and redundancy configuration, shift schedule, and voltage combination mode are recalculated every 24 hours. The weight matrix and shift schedule are updated every 10 cycles. Based on the bus voltage requirement and battery capacity status, the serial combination mode is dynamically adjusted to ensure stable switching between 750V and 375V.

[0112] (1) Switching trigger conditions:

[0113] Active switching: Receives the load voltage demand signal of photovoltaic-storage-DC-flexible building loads. When the load power is >50kW, it triggers 750V; when it is <50kW, it triggers 375V.

[0114] Passive switching: When the capacity loss of a certain series circuit exceeds 20%, it automatically switches to single-group 375V mode to avoid voltage imbalance in 750V mode;

[0115] (2) Switching control logic:

[0116] 375V→750V: Control switch S3 is closed, dividing the matrix into two series circuits, i.e., each group Each unit is connected in series, and two sets of series circuits are connected in series to the 750V bus; the 750V mode schedule is called synchronously to start the sharing of redundant resources between groups.

[0117] 750V→375V: Control switch Disconnect, merge the two sets of serial circuits into one, and directly connect them in parallel to the 375V bus; synchronously call the 375V mode schedule and adjust the allocation of redundant resources;

[0118] (3) Switching stability control: During the switching process, the total voltage change rate is maintained at ≤0.5V / ms and the capacity loss is ≤5% through the topology transformation algorithm; if the voltage fluctuation is detected to exceed ±3% during the switching process, the redundant battery replenishment is immediately started and the number of cells connected in the series is adjusted until the voltage stabilizes.

[0119] Example 2

[0120] Based on the dynamic redundancy control method for battery cascade energy storage systems described in Example 1, this example introduces a dynamic redundancy control system for battery cascade energy storage systems, including:

[0121] The parameter configuration module is used to obtain the number of series redundant batteries and parallel redundant batteries, determine the corresponding battery matrix size under different voltage modes, and complete the parameter configuration of the switching network and control unit.

[0122] The capacity calculation module is used to calculate the available capacity of the battery matrix under different voltage modes based on the maximum available capacity algorithm, and to adjust the capacity demand threshold in combination with dynamic load.

[0123] The voltage switching module is used to detect changes in bus voltage demand and serial capacity loss based on the capacity demand threshold. Once the threshold is reached, the voltage mode switching is triggered, and the battery weight matrix and schedule are updated. Switching control commands are generated to adjust the serial combination mode.

[0124] The topology reconfiguration module is used to perform fault isolation and redundancy supplementation logic when a faulty battery is detected, generate a switching control sequence based on the current voltage mode, and adjust the serial combination mode.

[0125] The shift execution module is used to construct a battery weight matrix, and combined with a schedule with voltage mode markings, control the switch network to switch the battery working state according to the time sequence and adjust the serial combination mode.

[0126] The iterative optimization module is used to perform periodic iterative updates based on parameter configuration, shift schedule, and series combination mode, adapting to changes in dynamic load and bus voltage, and triggering voltage mode switching.

[0127] Example 3

[0128] Based on the dynamic redundancy control method for battery cascade energy storage system described in Embodiment 1, this embodiment introduces a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program / instruction. When the computer program / instruction is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the dynamic redundancy control method for battery cascade energy storage system as described in any of Embodiment 1.

[0129] Example 4

[0130] Based on the dynamic redundancy control method for battery cascade energy storage systems described in Example 1, this embodiment provides a computer device, including:

[0131] Memory, used to store computer programs / instructions;

[0132] A processor is used to execute the computer program / instructions to implement the steps of the dynamic redundancy control method for a battery cascade energy storage system as described in any one of Embodiments 1.

[0133] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0134] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0135] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0136] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0137] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these forms are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic redundancy control method for a battery cascade energy storage system, characterized in that, include: Obtain the number of series redundant batteries and parallel redundant batteries, determine the corresponding battery matrix size under different voltage modes, and complete the parameter configuration of the switching network and control unit. Based on the maximum available capacity algorithm, the available capacity of the battery matrix under different voltage modes is calculated, and the capacity demand threshold is adjusted in combination with dynamic load. Based on the capacity demand threshold, the changes in bus voltage demand and serial capacity loss are detected. Once the threshold is reached, the voltage mode switching is triggered, and the battery weight matrix and schedule are updated. Switching control commands are generated to adjust the serial combination mode. When a faulty battery is detected, fault isolation and redundancy supplementation logic is executed, and a switching control sequence is generated in combination with the current voltage mode to adjust the serial combination mode. Construct a battery weight matrix, combine it with a schedule with voltage mode markings, control the switch network to switch the battery working state according to the time sequence, and adjust the serial combination mode; Based on parameter configuration, shift schedule, and serial combination mode, the system performs periodic iterative updates to adapt to changes in dynamic load and bus voltage, triggering voltage mode switching.

2. The dynamic redundancy control method for a battery cascade energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, use Matrix modular battery pack, in which This refers to the number of individual battery cells in a single series circuit. For parallel series paths, All values ​​are integers greater than 1. Each battery cell / module is equipped with an on / off switch and a temperature sensor, supporting independent offline detection, topology transformation, and serial reassembly.

3. The dynamic redundancy control method for a battery cascade energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage modes include Mode A and Mode B. Mode A uses a 750V bus voltage and employs... The serial circuit combination form, that is, two sets of serial circuits are first connected in series and then in parallel: the control switch network divides the serial circuits in the matrix into two groups, each group The two series circuits are first connected in series to form two total series circuits, and then connected in parallel to the 750V bus. The voltage of a single total series circuit = the voltage of a single series circuit × 2. Mode B uses a 375V bus voltage and employs... The series combination form, that is, a single series circuit directly connected in parallel: the control switch network disconnects the series connection between the series circuits, and all The series circuits are directly connected in parallel to the 375V busbar; During voltage mode switching, the total voltage fluctuation should be maintained at no more than ±3%, and the capacity loss should be no more than 5%.

4. The dynamic redundancy control method for a battery cascade energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Construct a battery failure probability distribution model and calculate the acceptable loss rate. Required number of series redundant batteries and parallel redundant battery capacity The optimal size of the battery matrix is ​​determined by combining voltage adaptation requirements. The probability distribution expression is: ； in, For single-path loss The probability of a single entity, For combinations, Total number of single-channel units , Set the system's loss tolerance capacity in advance.

5. The dynamic redundancy control method for a battery cascade energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The number of series redundant batteries and parallel redundant battery capacity The result was obtained through iterative convergence calculation, including: based on the battery failure probability distribution. Calculate the maximum number of loss cells under a single-channel confidence level. ,get Using the series loss probability as input, calculate the probability of loss in parallel series circuits exceeding... The probability distribution of the lost serial data is obtained iteratively. Until the size that meets the adaptation requirements is determined.

6. The dynamic redundancy control method for a battery cascade energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The available capacity is calculated using a maximum available capacity algorithm based on the watershed water injection concept, and is used to overcome the bottleneck effect. The expression is: ； in, The lower limit of the basic working battery capacity This provides replenishable capacity for redundant batteries; The watershed water injection algorithm includes: sorting the batteries in the series by capacity, using the minimum number of individual cells required for operation in the corresponding voltage mode as the base threshold; filling the capacity troughs of the base batteries with the capacity of redundant batteries in "low to high" order, with the total filling amount not exceeding the cumulative difference of the troughs.

7. The dynamic redundancy control method for a battery cascade energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery weight matrix is ​​constructed using a two-dimensional rotation strategy, and a corresponding schedule is generated. Combined with voltage mode requirements, the control switch network dynamically adjusts the battery operating timing, connection relationships, and series combination modes. The expression is: ； in, For the first Chuan Lu Di Work weight per unit, This represents the real-time capacity of the unit. The scheduling table includes six dimensions: start-up timing, stop-up timing, capacity ranking, start-up count, stop-up count, and voltage mode marker. A sorting mapping module establishes the correspondence between capacity ranking and battery spatial location. The voltage mode marker distinguishes working configurations under different voltages to prevent the same battery from undertaking multiple tasks simultaneously. The conflict resolution logic expression is as follows: ； in The battery safety temperature threshold, The voltage mode weights are set to 1 for both Mode A and Mode B to ensure load balancing.

8. A dynamic redundancy control system for a battery cascade energy storage system, characterized in that, include: The parameter configuration module is used to obtain the number of series redundant batteries and parallel redundant batteries, determine the corresponding battery matrix size under different voltage modes, and complete the parameter configuration of the switching network and control unit. The capacity calculation module is used to calculate the available capacity of the battery matrix under different voltage modes based on the maximum available capacity algorithm, and to adjust the capacity demand threshold in combination with dynamic load. The voltage switching module is used to detect changes in bus voltage demand and serial capacity loss based on the capacity demand threshold. Once the threshold is reached, the voltage mode switching is triggered, and the battery weight matrix and schedule are updated. Switching control commands are generated to adjust the serial combination mode. The topology reconfiguration module is used to perform fault isolation and redundancy supplementation logic when a faulty battery is detected, generate a switching control sequence based on the current voltage mode, and adjust the serial combination mode. The shift execution module is used to construct a battery weight matrix, and combined with a schedule with voltage mode markings, control the switch network to switch the battery working state according to the time sequence and adjust the serial combination mode. The iterative optimization module is used to perform periodic iterative updates based on parameter configuration, shift schedule, and series combination mode, adapting to changes in dynamic load and bus voltage, and triggering voltage mode switching.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program / instructions stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program / instruction is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the dynamic redundancy control method for battery cascade energy storage system as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer device / equipment / system, characterized in that, include: Memory, used to store computer programs / instructions; A processor for executing the computer program / instructions to implement the steps of the dynamic redundancy control method for a battery cascade energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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