Photovoltaic module
By employing parallel and series busbar and jumper designs in photovoltaic modules, and utilizing two through holes on the back cover to lead out two leads, and connecting a bypass diode in series externally, the problem of increased manufacturing difficulty and glass breakage risk caused by leading out the leads from the same hole is solved, simplifying the module manufacturing process.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- GCL SYST INTEGRATION TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-21
AI Technical Summary
In photovoltaic modules, having three pairs of leads drawn from the same hole increases manufacturing difficulty and the risk of glass breakage, and also requires a larger hole diameter to accommodate the leads.
The design employs parallel and series busbars and jumpers, with two leads led out through two through holes on the rear cover, and another bypass diode connected in series with it externally, simplifying the design of the battery cell.
This reduces the manufacturing difficulty of photovoltaic modules, avoids increasing the size of through holes, and reduces the risk of glass breakage.
Smart Images
Figure CN121908639A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This disclosure relates to the photovoltaic field, and more particularly to a photovoltaic module. Background Technology
[0002] In related technologies, photovoltaic (PV) modules contain three series-connected cell cells. A pair of leads extends from the two terminals of each cell, and these three pairs of leads are connected to bypass diodes. In some circuit designs of PV modules, two pairs of leads are so close together that they must be led out through the same hole to the outside of the module, increasing manufacturing difficulty and defect rate. Furthermore, larger diameter holes are needed in the back cover of the PV module to accommodate the two pairs of leads, increasing the risk of glass breakage. Summary of the Invention
[0003] To address at least one technical problem of the prior art, this disclosure provides a photovoltaic module.
[0004] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the photovoltaic module includes a front cover plate, a solar cell array, a rear cover plate, and a sealing element that seals the solar cell array between the front cover plate and the rear cover plate. The solar cell array includes a first cell unit, a second cell unit, and a third cell unit arranged in series along a second direction. Each cell unit contains multiple parallel solar cell strings. The solar cell strings of the first cell unit are connected in parallel via a first busbar and a first jumper. The solar cell strings of the second cell unit are connected in parallel via a second busbar and a first jumper. The solar cell strings of the third cell unit are connected in parallel via a third busbar and a second jumper. The first busbar, the second busbar, and the third busbar extend along the second direction, and the first jumper and the second jumper extend along the first direction. The first direction and the second direction intersect each other; the photovoltaic module includes a first bypass diode connected in parallel with the first battery cell, a second bypass diode connected in parallel with the second battery cell, and a third bypass diode connected in parallel with the third battery cell; the rear cover plate is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole; a first bus is energized and connected to a first lead, a first jumper is energized and connected to a second lead, the first lead and the second lead are led out from the first through hole and are respectively energized and connected to the two electrodes of the first bypass diode; a second bus is energized and connected to a second jumper and a third lead, a third bus is energized and connected to a fourth lead, the third lead and the fourth lead are led out from the second through hole and are respectively energized and connected to the two electrodes of the third bypass diode; the first bypass diode, the second bypass diode and the third bypass diode are connected in series on the outside of the rear cover plate.
[0005] In some embodiments, each battery cell includes four solar cell strings, each solar cell string comprising multiple solar cells arranged in series along a first direction.
[0006] In some implementations, each solar cell is a quarter cell.
[0007] In some embodiments, each battery cell includes four solar cell strings arranged in a 2-row, 2-column configuration in a solar cell array. Each solar cell string has a first polarity terminal and a second polarity terminal with different positive and negative polarities. The first polarity terminals of the four solar cell strings in a first cell are close to each other and electrically connected to a first busbar. The second polarity terminals of the four solar cell strings in the first cell are located at both ends of the first cell and electrically connected to both ends of a first jumper. The second polarity terminals of the four solar cell strings in a second cell are close to each other and electrically connected to a second busbar. The first polarity terminals of the four solar cell strings in the second cell are located at both ends of the second cell and electrically connected to both ends of a first jumper. The second polarity terminals of the four solar cell strings in a third cell are close to each other and electrically connected to a third busbar. The first polarity terminals of the four solar cell strings in the third cell are located at both ends of the third cell and electrically connected to both ends of a second jumper.
[0008] In some embodiments, the two ends of the solar cell array are respectively provided with a fourth busbar corresponding to the first battery unit and the second battery unit and extending along the second direction. The second polarity ends at both ends of the first battery unit and the first polarity ends at both ends of the second battery unit are respectively electrically connected to the fourth busbars at both ends of the solar cell array. The two ends of the first jumper are respectively electrically connected to the fourth busbars at both ends of the solar cell array.
[0009] In some embodiments, the two ends of the solar cell array are respectively provided with a fifth busbar corresponding to the third battery cell and extending along the second direction. The first polar terminals at both ends of the third battery cell are respectively electrically connected to the fifth busbars at both ends of the solar cell array, and the two ends of the second jumper are respectively electrically connected to the fifth busbars at both ends of the solar cell array.
[0010] In some implementations, the end of the first busbar near the second busbar is bent to form a first lead, and a second lead is soldered onto the first jumper; the second busbar and the second jumper are superimposed and make conductive contact, the end of the second busbar near the third busbar is bent to form a third lead, and the end of the third busbar near the second busbar is bent to form a fourth lead.
[0011] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module includes a first junction box, a second junction box, and a third junction box disposed on the back of a rear cover and physically separated. The first junction box contains a first bypass diode, the second junction box contains a second bypass diode, and the third junction box contains a third bypass diode. A first wire is provided between the first junction box and the second junction box, and a second wire is provided between the second junction box and the third junction box. The first wire conducts the first bypass diode and the second bypass diode in series, and the second wire conducts the second bypass diode and the third bypass diode in series.
[0012] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module includes a fourth junction box and a fifth junction box disposed on the back of the rear cover and physically separated. The fourth junction box contains a first bypass diode, and the fifth junction box contains a second bypass diode and a third bypass diode. A third conductor is provided between the fourth junction box and the fifth junction box, and the third conductor connects the first bypass diode and the second bypass diode in series. A conductive connector is provided inside the fifth junction box, and the conductive connector connects the second bypass diode and the third bypass diode in series.
[0013] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the photovoltaic module includes a back cover plate with a first through hole and a second through hole, and further includes a first battery unit, a second battery unit, and a third battery unit, each having a first polarity terminal and a second polarity terminal. The first and second polarity terminals have different polarities. The second polarity terminal of the first battery unit is electrically connected to the first polarity terminal of the second battery unit, and the second polarity terminal of the second battery unit is electrically connected to the first polarity terminal of the third battery unit. The first polarity terminal of the first battery unit is electrically connected to a first lead, and the second polarity terminals of the first and second battery units are electrically connected to a second lead. The second polarity terminal and the first polarity terminal of the third battery cell are electrically connected to the third lead, and the second polarity terminal of the third battery cell is electrically connected to the fourth lead. The photovoltaic module includes a first bypass diode connected in parallel with the first battery cell, a second bypass diode connected in parallel with the second battery cell, and a third bypass diode connected in parallel with the third battery cell. The first lead and the second lead are led out from the first through hole and electrically connected to the two electrodes of the first bypass diode, respectively. The third lead and the fourth lead are led out from the second through hole and electrically connected to the two electrodes of the third bypass diode, respectively. The first bypass diode, the second bypass diode, and the third bypass diode are connected in series on the outside of the rear cover plate.
[0014] In some embodiments, the first battery unit, the second battery unit, and the third battery unit each have four parallel solar cell strings, each solar cell string containing multiple solar cells connected in series, and the solar cells are quad-cell cells.
[0015] The photovoltaic module disclosed herein has a back cover with two through holes. Each through hole contains only two leads for connecting two bypass diodes in parallel to two of the cell cells, respectively. A third bypass diode is connected in series with the two bypass diodes outside the photovoltaic module, thus connecting the third bypass diode in parallel to another cell cell. This simplifies the design of the solar cell array leads and reduces the manufacturing difficulty of the photovoltaic module. Furthermore, since each through hole contains only two leads, there is no need to increase the through hole size compared to related technologies. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 An exploded perspective view of a photovoltaic module in some embodiments of this disclosure is shown schematically.
[0017] Figure 2 The diagram schematically shows a cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic module in some embodiments of the present disclosure along a second direction.
[0018] Figure 3 Displayed separately Figure 1 A perspective view of the solar cell array in the image.
[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The image shows a partial detail within the dashed line in the center of the solar cell array.
[0020] Figure 5 for Figure 2 The rear view of the solar cell array shown.
[0021] Figure 6 The equivalent circuit diagram of the solar cell array of a photovoltaic module in some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown schematically.
[0022] Figure 7 The diagram schematically illustrates the slicing method of a quadrature solar cell in some embodiments of this disclosure.
[0023] Figure 8 A schematic cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic module in some other embodiments of this disclosure is shown. Detailed Implementation
[0024] The specific embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this disclosure.
[0025] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this disclosure are for distinguishing one element from another and do not imply any order or importance. Furthermore, in the following description, when referring to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise explained, the same reference numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The above definitions are for explanation and illustration only and should not be construed as limiting this disclosure.
[0026] Figure 1 An exploded perspective view of a photovoltaic module in some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure is shown schematically. Figure 1 Some parts of the photovoltaic module structure have been omitted. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a cross-section of a photovoltaic module along a second direction is shown.
[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the photovoltaic module includes a front cover plate 1, a solar cell array 2, a rear cover plate 3, and a sealing element 4 that seals the solar cell array 2 between the front cover plate 1 and the rear cover plate 3.
[0028] The sealing element 4 is configured to enclose the solar cell array 2, blocking substances such as moisture and oxygen that are harmful to the long-term use of the solar cells. For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the sealing element 4 includes a first sealing element 41 disposed on the front side of the solar cell array 2 and a second sealing element 42 disposed on the rear side of the solar cell array 2.
[0029] Both the first sealing element 41 and the second sealing element 42 are constructed as insulating materials capable of blocking moisture. For example, the first sealing element 41 and the second sealing element 42 can be films made independently of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyolefin elastomer (POE), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO), etc., or they can be composite films made of two or more of these materials. The front cover plate 1, the first sealing element 41, the solar cell array 2, the second sealing element 42, and the rear cover plate 3 can be joined together by a thermal lamination process.
[0030] At least the first sealing element 41 is configured to have transparent properties, so that sunlight incident from the front surface of the photovoltaic module can pass through the first sealing element 41 and be projected onto the solar cell.
[0031] In some other exemplary embodiments, the sealing element 4 may also be formed by curing a transparent liquid silicone rubber.
[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2A front cover plate 1 is disposed on the front surface of the first sealing element 41, and a rear cover plate 3 is disposed on the rear surface of the second sealing element 42. The front cover plate 1 and the rear cover plate 3 protect the solar cell from or reduce the effects of external impacts, moisture, oxygen, and ultraviolet radiation. The front cover plate 1 can be made of an optically transparent material, such as a transparent glass plate. The rear cover plate 3 can be made of an optically transparent or opaque material, such as a glass plate or a polymer backsheet, wherein the polymer backsheet can have multiple functional layers.
[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, the photovoltaic module may also include a frame 9. The frame 9 has a shape that surrounds the periphery of the photovoltaic module and is connected to a composite consisting of a front cover plate 1, a sealing element 4, and a rear cover plate 3. The frame 9 may be made of a metallic material such as aluminum alloy, stainless steel, or a polymer-based material.
[0034] Figure 3 Displayed separately Figure 1 A perspective view of solar cell array 2 in the image. Figure 4 Showing Figure 3 Partial details within the dashed line in the middle of solar cell array 2. Figure 5 Showing Figure 3 Rear view of solar cell array 2. Figure 6 This is an equivalent circuit diagram of the solar cell array 2 in some examples of this disclosure.
[0035] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the solar cell array 2 includes three battery units connected in series, namely the first battery unit 21, the second battery unit 22 and the third battery unit 23.
[0036] Each battery cell has a first polarity terminal 242 and a second polarity terminal 243, wherein the positive and negative polarities of the first polarity terminal 242 and the second polarity terminal 243 are different. Specifically, the first polarity terminal 242 is the positive terminal and the second polarity terminal 243 is the negative terminal, or the first polarity terminal 242 is the negative terminal and the second polarity terminal 243 is the positive terminal.
[0037] The first battery unit 21, the second battery unit 22, and the third battery unit 23 are arranged sequentially in the second direction y, and the three battery units are connected in series in the circuit. Specifically, the second polarity terminal 243 of the first battery unit 21 is electrically connected to the first polarity terminal 242 of the second battery unit 22, and the second polarity terminal 243 of the second battery unit 22 is electrically connected to the first polarity terminal 242 of the third battery unit 23, thereby connecting the first battery unit 21, the second battery unit 22, and the third battery unit 23 in series.
[0038] More specifically, combined Figure 6The positive terminal of the first battery cell 21 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the second battery cell 22, and the positive terminal of the second battery cell 22 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the third battery cell 23. The negative terminal of the first battery cell 21 and the positive terminal of the third battery cell 23 serve as the electrical output terminals of the photovoltaic module. Alternatively, the negative terminal of the first battery cell 21 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the second battery cell 22, and the negative terminal of the second battery cell 22 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the third battery cell 23. The positive terminal of the first battery cell 21 and the negative terminal of the third battery cell 23 respectively constitute the electrical output terminals of the photovoltaic module.
[0039] It should be noted that, Figure 5 Taking the first polarity terminal 242 as the negative terminal and the second polarity terminal 243 as the positive terminal as an example, the polarity of the first polarity terminal 242 and the second polarity terminal 243 is not limited to this. In other examples, the first polarity terminal 242 can be the positive terminal and the second polarity terminal 243 can be the negative terminal.
[0040] Each cell contains multiple solar cell strings 24. Each solar cell string 24 contains an equal number of solar cells 241 connected in series. For example, such as Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, each battery cell can contain four solar cell strings 24, which are arranged in a 2x2 grid within the solar cell array 2. Specifically, the four solar cell strings 24 are divided into two columns in the second direction y, and each column of solar cell strings 24 is divided into two rows in the first direction x. Each solar cell string 24 has a column of solar cells 241 arranged in series along the first direction x. The first direction x and the second direction y are intersecting directions. Furthermore, the solar cell array 2 has 12 solar cell strings 24, which are arranged in a 2x6 grid, meaning that the solar cell array 2 has 6 columns of solar cell strings 24 in the second direction y, and each column of solar cell strings 24 has two solar cells arranged along the first direction x.
[0041] It is understandable that each solar cell string 24 in the battery cell also has a first polarity end 242 and a second polarity end 243, wherein the positive and negative polarities of the first polarity end 242 and the second polarity end 243 are different.
[0042] The solar cell strings 24 within each cell are connected in parallel. Specifically, the four first polarity terminals 242 of the four solar cell strings 24 within the same cell are electrically connected, while the four second polarity terminals 243 are electrically connected. For example, the four solar cell strings 24 of the cell are arranged such that the four terminals of the four solar cell strings 24 closest to each other have the same polarity and are electrically connected to a busbar extending along the second direction y, while the four terminals located at both ends of the cell have the same polarity and are electrically connected to jumpers extending along the first direction x. For instance, within a cell, the four terminals of the four solar cell strings 24 arranged in a 2x2 configuration are either positive or negative terminals, while the four terminals located at both ends of the cell are either negative or positive terminals.
[0043] It is easy to understand that the first polarity end 242 of each solar cell string 24 in the battery cell is electrically connected and can be used as the first polarity end 242 of the battery cell; the second polarity end 243 of each solar cell string 24 in the battery cell is electrically connected and can be used as the second polarity end 243 of the battery cell.
[0044] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the solar cell strings 24 of the first battery unit 21 are connected in parallel via a first busbar 25 and a first jumper 28. The first polarity ends 242 of the four solar cell strings 24 of the first battery unit 21 are close to each other, as if located in the middle of the solar cell array 2, and the second polarity ends 243 of the four solar cell strings 24 of the first battery unit 21 are located at both ends of the first battery unit 21, as if located at both ends of the solar cell array 2. The first busbar 25 can be arranged in the middle of the solar cell array 2 and extends along the second direction y. The first polarity ends 242 of the four solar cell strings 24 of the first battery unit 21 are all electrically connected to the first busbar 25. The first jumper 28 can extend along the first direction x between the two ends of the solar cell array 2. The second polarity ends 243 of the four solar cell strings 24 of the first battery unit 21 are electrically connected to the two ends of the first jumper 28. For example, at both ends of the solar cell array 2, there are also fourth busbars 211 corresponding to the first battery unit 21 and the second battery unit 22 and extending along the second direction y. The second polarity ends 243 at both ends of the first battery unit 21 can be electrically connected to the fourth busbars 211, and the two fourth busbars 211 are electrically connected to both ends of the first jumper 28.
[0045] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6The solar cell strings 24 of the second battery unit 22 are connected in parallel via a second busbar 26 and a first jumper 28. The second battery unit 22 shares the first jumper 28 with the first battery unit 21, saving wiring and simplifying the circuit structure. The second polarity terminals 243 of the four solar cell strings 24 of the second battery unit 22 are close to each other, such as being located in the middle of the solar cell array 2, while the first polarity terminals 242 of the four solar cell strings 24 of the second battery unit 22 are located at both ends of the second battery unit 22, such as being located at both ends of the solar cell array 2. The second busbar 26 can be arranged in the middle of the solar cell array 2 and extends along the second direction y. The second polarity terminals 243 of the four solar cell strings 24 of the second battery unit 22 are all electrically connected to the second busbar 26. The first polarity terminals 242 of the four solar cell strings 24 of the second battery unit 22 are electrically connected to both ends of the first jumper 28. For example, the first polarity terminal 242 of each end of the second battery cell 22 may be electrically connected to the fourth bus 211, which is electrically connected to the first jumper 28.
[0046] Therefore, the first polarity terminals 242 of each solar cell string 24 in the first battery unit 21 are connected by the first busbar 25, and the second polarity terminals 243 are connected by the first jumper 28, so that the solar cell strings 24 of the first battery unit 21 are connected in parallel. The second polarity terminals 243 of each solar cell string 24 in the second battery unit 22 are connected by the second busbar 26, and the first polarity terminals 242 are connected by the first jumper 28, so that the solar cell strings 24 of the second battery unit 22 are connected in parallel. The first battery unit 21 and the second battery unit 22 are connected in series through the fourth busbar 211.
[0047] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6Each solar cell string 24 of the third battery unit 23 is connected in parallel via a third busbar 27 and a second jumper 29. The second polarity ends 243 of the four solar cell strings 24 of the third battery unit 23 are close to each other, as if located in the middle of the solar cell array 2, and the first polarity ends 242 of the four solar cell strings 24 of the third battery unit 23 are located at both ends of the third battery unit 23, as if located at both ends of the solar cell array 2. The third busbar 27 can be arranged in the middle of the solar cell array 2 and extends along the second direction y. The second polarity ends 243 of the four solar cell strings 24 of the third battery unit 23 are all electrically connected to the third busbar 27. The first polarity ends 242 of the four solar cell strings 24 of the third battery unit 23 are electrically connected to both ends of the second jumper 29. The second busbar 26 is also electrically connected to the second jumper 29. Exemplarily, the first polarity end 242 of each end of the third battery unit 23 can be electrically connected to a fifth busbar 212, and the fifth busbars 212 at both ends are respectively electrically connected to both ends of the second jumper 29.
[0048] Therefore, the second polarity terminals 243 of each solar cell string 24 of the third battery unit 23 are connected by the third busbar 27, and the first polarity terminals 242 are connected by the second jumper 29, so that each solar cell string 24 of the second battery unit 22 is connected in parallel. Since the second busbar 26 is connected to the first polarity terminal 242 of the third battery unit 23 through the second jumper 29, the second battery unit 22 and the third battery unit 23 are connected in series.
[0049] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, the first jumper 28 is positioned adjacent to the first battery cell 25 and the second battery cell 26, and the second jumper 29 is positioned adjacent to the second battery cell 26 and the third battery cell 27. In other words, in the second direction y, the first jumper 28 is approximately one-third the width of the solar cell array 2 at one edge, and the second jumper 29 is approximately one-third the width of the solar cell array 2 at the other edge.
[0050] To prevent short circuits caused by contact between the first jumper wire 28 and the second jumper wire 29 and the electrodes on the back of the solar cell and the wires connecting the solar cells in series, insulating strips 210 with electrical insulation properties can be respectively installed between the first jumper wire 28 and the second jumper wire 29 and the solar cell string. Figure 4 As shown.
[0051] like Figure 2As shown, the photovoltaic module also includes three bypass diodes coupled in parallel to the three battery cells, namely a first bypass diode 51, a second bypass diode 52, and a third bypass diode 53. Specifically, the first bypass diode 51 is coupled in parallel to the first battery cell 21, the second bypass diode 52 is coupled in parallel to the second battery cell 22, and the third bypass diode 53 is coupled in parallel to the third battery cell 23. The first bypass diode 51, the second bypass diode 52, and the third bypass diode 53 are connected in series on the outside of the rear cover plate 3. The bypass diodes can protect the photovoltaic module when hot spots are generated due to partial shading.
[0052] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 2 The rear cover plate 3 has a first through hole 31 and a second through hole 32. Specifically, the first through hole 31 and the second through hole 32 of the rear cover plate 3 are located in the middle of the rear cover plate 3 and are spaced apart from each other in the second direction y. Optionally, the first through hole 31 and the second through hole 32 can be circular or elliptical through holes penetrating the rear cover plate 3. Exemplarily, with the second direction y as a reference, the relative positions of the first through hole 31 and the second through hole 32 on the rear cover plate 3 approximately correspond to the positions of the first jumper 28 and the second jumper 29, respectively.
[0053] Please combine Figure 2 and Figure 4 The first polarity terminal 242 of the first battery cell 21 is electrically connected to the first lead 251, and the second polarity terminal 243 of the first battery cell 21 and the first polarity terminal 242 of the second battery cell 22 are electrically connected to the second lead 281. The first lead 251 and the second lead 281 are led out through the first through hole 31 to the outside of the rear cover plate 3 and are respectively electrically connected to the two electrodes of the first bypass diode 51. More specifically, the first busbar 25 is electrically connected to the first lead 251, and the first jumper 28 is electrically connected to the second lead 281. The first lead 251 and the second lead 281 are led out through the first through hole 31 to the outside of the rear cover plate 3 and are electrically connected to the two electrodes of the first bypass diode 51. The second busbar 26 is spaced apart from the first busbar 25, the first lead 251, the first jumper 28, and the second lead 281.
[0054] More specifically, one end of the first busbar 25, specifically the end adjacent to the second busbar 26 and the first jumper 28, is bent to form a first lead 251. The bent portion passes through the first through-hole 31 and extends to the outside of the photovoltaic module. A second lead 281 is connected to the first jumper 28; for example, a short, thin, wide wire can be soldered onto the first jumper 28 to form the second lead 281. The position of the first through-hole 31 on the rear cover plate 3 is opposite to the positions of the first lead 251 and the second lead 281. The first lead 251 and the second lead 281 pass through the first through-hole 31 to the outside of the rear cover plate 3. A first bypass diode 51 is disposed on the back of the rear cover plate 3, and the first lead 251 and the second lead 281, which extend from the first through-hole 31, are electrically connected to the two electrodes of the first bypass diode 51, respectively.
[0055] Since the first lead 251 and the second lead 281 are electrically connected to different polarity terminals of each solar cell string 24 in the first battery cell 25, and the first lead 251 and the second lead 281 are respectively connected to the two electrodes of the first bypass diode 51, the first bypass diode 51 and each solar cell string 24 in the first battery cell 25 are coupled in parallel. For example, the first bypass diode 51 and each solar cell string 24 in the first battery cell 25 can be connected in reverse parallel; in other words, the positive terminal of each solar cell string 24 in the first battery cell 25 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the first bypass diode 51, and the negative terminal of each solar cell string 24 in the first battery cell 25 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the first bypass diode 51.
[0056] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 The second polarity terminal 243 of the second battery cell 22 and the first polarity terminal 242 of the third battery cell 23 are electrically connected to the third lead 261. The second polarity terminal 243 of the third battery cell 23 is electrically connected to the fourth lead 271. The third lead 261 and the fourth lead 271 are led out from the second through-hole 32 and electrically connected to the two electrodes of the third bypass diode 53, respectively. More specifically, the second bus 26 is electrically connected to the second jumper 29 and the third lead 261, and the third bus 27 is electrically connected to the fourth lead 271. The third lead 261 and the fourth lead 271 are led out from the second through-hole 32 and electrically connected to the two electrodes of the third bypass diode 53, respectively.
[0057] More specifically, the second busbar 26 and the second jumper 29 are superimposed and electrically connected. One end of the second busbar 26, specifically the end adjacent to the third busbar 27, is bent to form the third lead 261. The second busbar 26 and the second jumper 29 can be mechanically and electrically connected by welding. One end of the third busbar 27, specifically the end adjacent to the second busbar 26, is bent to form the fourth lead 271. The position of the second through-hole 32 on the rear cover plate 3 is configured to correspond to the positions of the third lead 261 and the fourth lead 271, so that the third lead 261 and the fourth lead 271 can pass through the second through-hole 32 to the outside of the photovoltaic module nearby. The third bypass diode 53 is disposed on the back of the rear cover plate 3, and the third lead 261 and the fourth lead 271 leading out from the second through-hole 32 are electrically connected to the two electrodes of the third bypass diode 53, respectively.
[0058] Since the third lead 261 and the fourth lead 271 are electrically connected to different polarity terminals of each solar cell string 24 in the third battery unit 27, and the third lead 261 and the fourth lead 271 are also electrically connected to the two electrodes of the third bypass diode 53, the third bypass diode 53 is coupled in parallel with each solar cell string 24 in the third battery unit 27. Exemplarily, the third bypass diode 53 and each solar cell string 24 in the third battery unit 27 can be connected in reverse parallel; in other words, the positive terminal of each solar cell string 24 in the third battery unit 27 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the third bypass diode 53, and the negative terminal of each solar cell string 24 in the third battery unit 27 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the third bypass diode 53.
[0059] like Figure 2 As shown, the first bypass diode 51, the second bypass diode 52, and the third bypass diode 53 are connected in series on the outside of the rear cover plate 3. Since the second bypass diode 52 is connected in series with the first bypass diode 51 and the third bypass diode 53 respectively, the two electrodes of the second bypass diode 52 can be indirectly electrically connected to the two polarities of each solar cell string 24 of the second battery unit 26, realizing the parallel coupling of the second bypass diode 52 and the second battery unit 26.
[0060] More specifically, one electrode of the second bypass diode 52 is electrically connected to the electrode of the first bypass diode 51, and is electrically connected to one polarity of each solar cell string 24 of the second battery cell 26 via the second lead 281 and the first jumper 28. The other electrode of the second bypass diode 52 is electrically connected to the electrode of the third bypass diode 53, and is electrically connected to the other polarity of each solar cell string 24 of the second battery cell 26 via the third lead 261 and the second busbar 26, thus the second bypass diode 52 is coupled in parallel with the second battery cell 26. Exemplarily, the second bypass diode 52 and the second battery cell 26 can be coupled in reverse parallel. The first battery cell 25, the second battery cell 26, and the third battery cell 27 are connected in series. The first bypass diode 51 is connected in reverse parallel with the first battery cell 25, and the third bypass diode 53 is connected in reverse parallel with the third battery cell 27. Simultaneously, the first bypass diode 51, the second bypass diode 52, and the third bypass diode 53 are connected in series, therefore the second bypass diode 52 is also connected in reverse parallel with the second battery cell 26.
[0061] Three bypass diodes are connected in series outside the photovoltaic module, and only two leads are brought out from each through hole, which reduces the difficulty of manufacturing the photovoltaic module.
[0062] like Figure 2 As shown, the photovoltaic module includes three junction boxes disposed on the back of the rear cover 3 and physically separated. For example, the junction boxes include a first junction box 61 with a first bypass diode 51 inside, a second junction box 62 with a second bypass diode 52 inside, and a third junction box 63 with a third bypass diode 53 inside.
[0063] The conductors connecting the three bypass diodes in series include a first wire 71 located between the first junction box 61 and the second junction box 62, and a second wire 72 located between the second junction box 62 and the third junction box 63. The first wire 71 conducts the first bypass diode 51 and the second bypass diode 52 in series, and the second wire 72 conducts the second bypass diode 52 and the third bypass diode 53 in series.
[0064] A first output line 81 and a second output line 82 of the photovoltaic module are respectively led out from the first junction box 61 and the third junction box 63, and the ends of the first output line 81 and the second output line 82 are connected to a photovoltaic connector. Exemplarily, the first conductor 71 and the second conductor 72 can be wires such as cables.
[0065] In the aforementioned example, the solar cell string 24 comprises a plurality of solar cells 241 arranged in series along the first direction x. In some examples, the solar cells 241 may be multi-segmented cells. For example, the solar cells 241 may be three-segmented, four-segmented, or five-segmented cells, which are obtained by cutting a whole cell into three, four, and five segments, respectively. Preferably, the solar cells 241 may be four-segmented cells.
[0066] Figure 7 This schematically illustrates how a four-segment battery is cut. For example... Figure 7 As shown, solar cell 241 can be one-quarter of the entire cell 10, formed by cutting the entire cell 10 along three unidirectional cutting paths L. For example, solar cell 241 is formed by cutting the entire cell 10 into four equal parts along three unidirectional cutting paths L. In solar cell array 2, the cutting path L of solar cell 241 is in the same direction as the second direction y.
[0067] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of another implementation of the photovoltaic module disclosed herein, different from... Figure 2 . Figure 8 The same reference numerals as in the previous examples indicate the same or similar parts. Figure 8 and Figure 2 The difference lies in the number of junction boxes; the other parts of the photovoltaic module can be referenced from the aforementioned example.
[0068] like Figure 8 As shown, the photovoltaic module includes two junction boxes disposed on the back of the rear cover 3 and physically separated. For example, the junction boxes include a fourth junction box 64 containing a first bypass diode 51 and a fifth junction box 65 containing a second bypass diode 52 and a third bypass diode 53. A conductor connecting the three bypass diodes in series includes a third conductor 73 connecting the fourth junction box 64 and the fifth junction box 65, and a conductive connector 74 connecting the second bypass diode 52 and the third bypass diode 53 in series inside the fifth junction box 65. A first output line 81 and a second output line 82 of the photovoltaic module are led out from the fourth junction box 64 and the fifth junction box 63, respectively. Exemplarily, the third conductor 73 can be a wire such as a cable. The conductive connector 74 can be a conductive metal such as gold, silver, copper, nickel, or aluminum.
[0069] The preferred embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of this disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.
[0070] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, this disclosure will not describe the various possible combinations separately.
[0071] Furthermore, various different embodiments of this disclosure can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this disclosure, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed in this disclosure.
Claims
1. A photovoltaic module, comprising a front cover plate, a solar cell array, a rear cover plate, and a sealing element for sealing the solar cell array between the front cover plate and the rear cover plate, characterized in that, The solar cell array includes a first cell unit, a second cell unit, and a third cell unit arranged in series along a second direction, each cell unit containing multiple parallel solar cell strings; Each solar cell string of the first battery unit is connected in parallel through a first busbar and a first jumper; each solar cell string of the second battery unit is connected in parallel through a second busbar and the first jumper; each solar cell string of the third battery unit is connected in parallel through a third busbar and a second jumper. The first busbar, the second busbar, and the third busbar extend along a second direction, and the first jumper and the second jumper extend along a first direction. The first direction and the second direction intersect each other. The photovoltaic module includes a first bypass diode connected in parallel with the first battery cell, a second bypass diode connected in parallel with the second battery cell, and a third bypass diode connected in parallel with the third battery cell. The rear cover plate is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole; The first busbar is electrically connected to the first lead, the first jumper is electrically connected to the second lead, and the first lead and the second lead are led out from the first through hole and electrically connected to the two electrodes of the first bypass diode, respectively. The second bus is energized and connected to the second jumper and the third lead, the third bus is energized and connected to the fourth lead, the third lead and the fourth lead are led out from the second through hole and respectively energized and connected to the two electrodes of the third bypass diode; The first bypass diode, the second bypass diode, and the third bypass diode are connected in series on the outside of the rear cover plate.
2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each battery cell includes four solar cell strings, each containing multiple solar cells arranged in series along the first direction.
3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the solar cells is a quadruple cell.
4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each battery cell includes four solar cell strings, which are arranged in a 2-row, 2-column configuration in the solar cell array. Each solar cell string has a first polarity terminal and a second polarity terminal, with the first and second polarities being different. The first polarity ends of the four solar cell strings of the first unit are close to each other and electrically connected to the first busbar. The second polarity ends of the four solar cell strings of the first battery unit are located at both ends of the first battery unit and electrically connected to both ends of the first jumper. The second polarity ends of the four solar cell strings of the second unit are close to each other and electrically connected to the second busbar. The first polarity ends of the four solar cell strings of the second battery unit are located at both ends of the second battery unit and electrically connected to both ends of the first jumper. The second polarity ends of the four solar cell strings of the third unit are close to each other and electrically connected to the third busbar. The first polarity ends of the four solar cell strings of the third battery unit are located at both ends of the third battery unit and electrically connected to both ends of the second jumper.
5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The solar cell array has a fourth busbar at each end, corresponding to the first battery cell and the second battery cell and extending along the second direction. The second polarity ends at both ends of the first battery cell and the first polarity ends at both ends of the second battery cell are electrically connected to the fourth busbar at both ends of the solar cell array. The two ends of the first jumper are electrically connected to the fourth busbar at both ends of the solar cell array.
6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The solar cell array has a fifth busbar at each end, which corresponds to the third battery cell and extends along the second direction. The first polarity ends at both ends of the third battery cell are electrically connected to the fifth busbar at both ends of the solar cell array. The two ends of the second jumper are electrically connected to the fifth busbar at both ends of the solar cell array.
7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the first busbar near the second busbar is bent to form the first lead, and the second lead is soldered onto the first jumper. The second busbar overlaps with the second jumper and makes conductive contact. The end of the second busbar near the third busbar is bent to form the third lead, and the end of the third busbar near the second busbar is bent to form the fourth lead.
8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module includes a first junction box, a second junction box, and a third junction box, which are disposed on the back of the rear cover and are physically separated. The first junction box contains a first bypass diode, the second junction box contains a second bypass diode, and the third junction box contains a third bypass diode. A first wire is provided between the first junction box and the second junction box, and a second wire is provided between the second junction box and the third junction box. The first wire connects the first bypass diode and the second bypass diode in series, and the second wire connects the second bypass diode and the third bypass diode in series.
9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module includes a fourth junction box and a fifth junction box, which are physically separated and disposed on the back of the rear cover plate. The fourth junction box contains a first bypass diode, and the fifth junction box contains a second bypass diode and a third bypass diode. A third conductor is provided between the fourth junction box and the fifth junction box, and the third conductor connects the first bypass diode and the second bypass diode in series. The fifth junction box is equipped with a conductive connector that connects the second bypass diode and the third bypass diode in series.
10. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, Includes a rear cover plate, wherein the rear cover plate is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole. It also includes a first battery unit, a second battery unit, and a third battery unit, each having a first polarity terminal and a second polarity terminal, wherein the positive and negative polarities of the first polarity terminal and the second polarity terminal are different. The second polarity terminal of the first battery cell is electrically connected to the first polarity terminal of the second battery cell, and the second polarity terminal of the second battery cell is electrically connected to the first polarity terminal of the third battery cell. The first polarity terminal of the first battery cell is electrically connected to the first lead; the second polarity terminals of the first and second battery cells are electrically connected to the second lead; the second polarity terminals of the second and third battery cells are electrically connected to the third lead; and the second polarity terminal of the third battery cell is electrically connected to the fourth lead. The photovoltaic module includes a first bypass diode connected in parallel with the first battery cell, a second bypass diode connected in parallel with the second battery cell, and a third bypass diode connected in parallel with the third battery cell. The first lead and the second lead are led out from the first through hole and electrically connected to the two electrodes of the first bypass diode, respectively. The third lead and the fourth lead are led out from the second through hole and electrically connected to the two electrodes of the third bypass diode, respectively. The first bypass diode, the second bypass diode, and the third bypass diode are connected in series on the outside of the rear cover plate.
11. The photovoltaic module according to claim 10, characterized in that, The first battery unit, the second battery unit, and the third battery unit each have four parallel solar cell strings, and each solar cell string contains multiple solar cells connected in series. The solar cells are quad-cell cells.