Full-automatic main-grid-free battery piece glue printing equipment
The design of a fully automated grid-free solar cell printing equipment has solved the automation problem of double-sided printing of grid-free solar cells, enabling efficient and low-cost production of grid-free solar cells and meeting the needs of large-scale production.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHONGBU QINGTIAN NEW ENERGY (HUBEI) CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing printing equipment cannot achieve automatic double-sided printing of adhesive for grid-free solar cells, resulting in low efficiency and limited production capacity. Manual flipping can easily lead to positioning errors and cell breakage, increasing costs.
A fully automated gridless solar cell printing equipment was designed, which adopts a collaborative architecture of dual interactive printing platform module, flipping platform and first linear module robot arm, combined with vision device and vacuum adsorption technology to realize fully automated double-sided printing of solar cells, and precisely control the printing position and thickness through servo motor and ink return blade lifting mechanism.
It has achieved fully automated double-sided adhesive printing of grid-free solar cells, with a production capacity of 4,500 cells/hour, reducing the breakage rate, ensuring the accuracy of adhesive printing position and thickness uniformity, improving photoelectric conversion efficiency, and reducing costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN121908646A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic cell production technology, specifically to a fully automated grid-free solar cell printing equipment. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, the mainstream production process for photovoltaic cell strings involves coating with flux and then welding the solder ribbon to the silver paste of the cells at high temperature to achieve series connection. While this process was initially suitable, its inherent defects have become unsuitable for current demands as the industry upgrades. The traditional process has two core drawbacks: first, a high breakage rate. As cells become larger and thinner, with denser grid lines and thinner solder ribbons, stress concentration during high-temperature welding easily leads to breakage, affecting yield and cost; second, silver paste is expensive and inefficient. Larger cells require more main grid lines, increasing silver paste consumption and reducing the light-receiving area, thus lowering photoelectric conversion efficiency. To address these issues, gridless cells have emerged. These cells eliminate the main grid lines on both the front and back sides, retaining only fine grid lines. This reduces silver paste usage, lowers costs, and increases the light-receiving area, improving efficiency, aligning with the goal of "cost reduction and efficiency improvement," and becoming a direction for industry upgrades. The core process for gridless cell series connection is "UV adhesive fixing + welding," requiring precise adhesive application using printing equipment. Therefore, fully automated printing equipment is urgently needed to support large-scale production.
[0003] Existing printing equipment is mostly designed for BC solar cells. This type of equipment cannot automatically print printing compound on both sides. When processing solar cells such as TOPCON that require printing on both sides, the industry generally relies on manual flipping and secondary printing, or using two printing devices to print compound sequentially. This approach is inefficient, has limited capacity, and manual operation is prone to positioning errors, breakage of thin solar cells, and reduced yield. It also increases printing costs and reduces economic viability.
[0004] In summary, existing printing equipment has become a bottleneck for the industrialization of busbarless solar cells. Developing fully automated, double-sided printing equipment with high precision is an urgent need for the photovoltaic industry. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a fully automated adhesive printing device for grid-free solar cells. This device offers the advantage of being able to print adhesive on both sides of grid-free solar cells, solving the problem that existing adhesive printing equipment is mostly designed for traditional solar cells and cannot automatically print adhesive on both sides. The industry commonly relies on manual flipping and secondary adhesive printing. This method is inefficient, has limited production capacity, and manual operation is prone to positioning errors, breakage of thin solar cells, and reduced yield. Increased labor costs also reduce economic viability.
[0006] The technical solution of this invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A fully automatic grid-free solar cell printing equipment includes a feeding module, the output end of which is connected to the input end of a feeding synchronization belt, the output end of which is connected to the input end of a centering module, and the output end of which is connected to the input end of a dual-interactive printing platform module. A vision device is correspondingly provided within the dual-interactive printing platform module. The dual-interactive printing platform module is divided into two sections. All components are connected to the printing device. A first linear module robot is provided on one side of the dual interactive printing platform module. The output end of the first linear module robot is connected to the input end of the reflow feeding synchronous belt. The reflow feeding synchronous belt has a segmented structure, and a flipping platform is provided between the two segments of the reflow feeding synchronous belt. The feeding module, feeding synchronous belt, centering module, dual interactive printing platform module, vision device, printing device, linear module robot, reflow feeding synchronous belt and flipping platform are all electrically connected to the control system.
[0007] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1) This fully automated grid-free solar cell printing equipment, through a collaborative architecture of a dual-interactive printing platform module + a flipping platform + a first linear module robotic arm, achieves fully automated operation of grid-free solar cells from material feeding to double-sided printing and unloading, completely replacing the traditional semi-automated mode of manual flipping. Specifically, the two printing platforms of the dual-interactive printing platform module operate alternately, coordinated with the connection between the return unloading synchronous belt and the flipping platform, significantly shortening the printing cycle time to 4500 cells / hour. This effectively breaks through the capacity limitations of existing equipment and meets the needs of large-scale mass production of grid-free solar cells.
[0008] 2) This fully automatic grid-free solar cell printing equipment, through the real-time linkage of a vision device and a micro-motion platform, can dynamically correct the positioning deviation of the solar cells, and control the printing position accuracy within ±0.15mm; the negative pressure fixing design of the vacuum adsorption chamber and vacuum generator avoids scratching, deformation or displacement of thin solar cells during transportation, printing, and flipping, reducing the breakage rate of solar cells during production; the centering mechanism driven by servo motors including the first, second and third servo motors and the ink return blade lifting mechanism achieve precise parameter control, and the printing thickness uniformity error is less than 5%, effectively ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of grid-free solar cells and avoiding performance loss due to poor printing.
[0009] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.
[0010] Furthermore, the feeding module includes a feeding box and a translational feeding mechanism; the feeding box contains several gridless solar cells, and a paper collection area is provided next to the feeding box; the translational feeding mechanism includes a lifting cylinder assembly, the top of which is driven and connected to several translation modules, and a cell spacing adjustment mechanism is interspersed among the translation modules.
[0011] The separator paper collection area simultaneously separates the battery cells from the protective separator paper and collects them centrally, avoiding material feeding congestion caused by the mixing of separator papers; the lifting cylinder assembly drives the translation module to accurately align with the feeding synchronous belt; the cell spacing adjustment mechanism can adjust the cell spacing to a suitable value according to the process requirements of the subsequent centering module and printing device, avoiding subsequent positioning deviations caused by uneven spacing; the overall structure is compact, the feeding rhythm is highly matched with the cycle time of the transmission module and centering module, there is no process waiting time, and the efficiency of the entire process is improved.
[0012] Furthermore, the centering module includes a frame, a first servo motor is fixedly connected to the top of the frame, a drive wheel is fixedly connected to the output end of the first servo motor, a driven wheel is rotatably connected to the bottom of the frame, the drive wheel and the drive wheel are connected by a drive belt, and positioning mechanisms are fixedly connected to both sides of the drive belt, and both positioning mechanisms are slidably connected to the frame.
[0013] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are that the first servo motor drives the positioning mechanisms on both sides to slide synchronously in opposite directions along the frame through the linkage of the active wheel, the driven wheel and the transmission belt. The sliding connection between the positioning mechanism and the frame ensures the smoothness of the movement and controls the centering deviation, ensuring that the center of the battery cell is accurately aligned with the center of the screen of the printing device, avoiding defects such as printing offset and missing printing caused by centering deviation. The overall structure is symmetrical and rigid, and is compatible with 182mm-210mm gridless battery cells. Compatibility can be achieved by simply adjusting the stroke of the positioning mechanism, reducing the cost of equipment replacement.
[0014] Furthermore, the dual-interactive printing platform module includes a marble platform with two sets of slide rails on both sides along its length. Printing platforms are slidably connected to the outside of each slide rail. The bottom of each printing platform is connected to two linear motors. Each printing platform contains a lifting screw and a micro-motion platform. The printing platform is slidably connected to the slide rails via the micro-motion platform. The output end of the linear motor is connected to the lifting screw, and the outside of the lifting screw is threaded to the micro-motion platform. The micro-motion platform is signal-connected to a vision device. Each micro-motion platform has a vacuum adsorption chamber at its bottom, and a vacuum generator connected to the vacuum adsorption chamber is fixedly connected to the opposite side of each micro-motion platform. The dual-interactive printing platform module also includes a printing conveyor belt, with its two ends connected to the output end of the printing device and the input end of the first linear module robot, respectively.
[0015] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are that the marble platform has high rigidity and low deformation characteristics, providing stable support for the printing platform and avoiding uneven printing thickness caused by platform deformation; the two sets of printing platforms are driven by linear motors to run alternately along the slide rails. While one set of platforms is performing printing operations, the other set of platforms completes the loading and positioning of the battery cells, which increases the process overlap rate and significantly shortens the printing cycle of a single cell; the micro-motion platform is linked with the vision device signal, which can receive the battery cell position information fed back by the vision device in real time, and finely adjust the height and horizontal position of the platform through the lifting screw to dynamically correct the positioning deviation and ensure accurate printing position; The vacuum adsorption chamber works in conjunction with the vacuum generator to firmly fix the battery cells onto the surface of the micro-motion platform through negative pressure, preventing the battery cells from warping or shifting during the printing process. The printing conveyor belt connects the printing device and the first linear module robot to ensure the continuity of the process.
[0016] Furthermore, the printing device includes a screen lifting mechanism, a translation mechanism is slidably connected to one side of the screen lifting mechanism, two clamping mechanisms are fixedly connected to the side of the translation mechanism away from the screen lifting mechanism, a slider located between the two clamping mechanisms is slidably connected to the side of the translation mechanism away from the screen lifting mechanism, an ink return knife lifting mechanism is fixedly connected to the side of the slider away from the translation mechanism, and a screen located below the ink return knife lifting mechanism is fixedly connected between the two clamping mechanisms.
[0017] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are that the screen lifting mechanism and the translation mechanism can flexibly adjust the distance and horizontal position between the screen and the solar cell, adapting to solar cells without grids of different thicknesses and improving equipment adaptability; the clamping mechanism stably fixes the screen, avoiding blurring of the printing ink caused by screen shaking during the printing process, while also facilitating screen replacement and cleaning, reducing maintenance difficulty; the slider drives the ink return knife lifting mechanism to slide along the translation mechanism, ensuring complete printing ink coverage and adapting to the printing ink requirements of solar cells of different sizes.
[0018] Furthermore, both the feeding synchronous belt and the return unloading synchronous belt are equipped with fans at their bottoms. The output end of the fans is connected to a suction tube located below the synchronous belt, and the surface of the synchronous belt is provided with tiny protrusions. The output ends of the first linear module robot and the second linear module robot are each provided with a plurality of first micro suction cups. The size and layout of the first micro suction cups are adapted to the printing position of the battery cells. The robotic arms of the first linear module robot and the second linear module robot are each provided with a first vacuum generator, and the first vacuum generator is connected to the plurality of first micro suction cups.
[0019] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are that the fans and suction tubes at the bottom of the feeding and return feeding synchronous belts use negative pressure to adsorb the battery cells, ensuring that the battery cells are tightly attached to the synchronous belt during transmission, reducing the battery cell displacement rate and ensuring transmission stability. By providing micro-protrusions on the surface of the synchronous belt, residual adhesive after printing can be prevented from sticking to the synchronous belt, avoiding adhesive contamination of subsequent battery cells and reducing the frequency of cleaning and maintenance; the size and layout of the first micro-suction cup are perfectly adapted to the printing position of the battery cells, adsorbing only non-printing areas, avoiding indentation or damage to the printed adhesive layer, and the first vacuum generator provides stable negative pressure for the first micro-suction cup, ensuring the integrity of the product's appearance and performance.
[0020] Furthermore, a second servo motor is fixedly connected to one side of the flipping platform, and a flip plate is rotatably connected inside the flipping platform. The output end of the second servo motor is connected to the flip plate drive. Several second micro suction cups are provided on the surface of the flip plate. The flipping platform is also equipped with a second vacuum generator, and the second vacuum generator is connected to several second micro suction cups.
[0021] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are that the second servo motor drives the flip plate to achieve a smooth 180° flip, and the centrifugal displacement of the battery cells caused by excessive flipping is avoided by controlling the flipping angular velocity; the second micro suction cup on the surface of the flip plate generates negative pressure through the second vacuum generator to tightly adsorb the battery cells, eliminating the risk of falling off or scratching during the flipping process and reducing the breakage rate; the flipping platform connects two sections of return feeding synchronous belt, and after flipping, the battery cells are directly transferred to the feeding module through the subsequent return feeding synchronous belt without secondary positioning, ensuring the consistency of the position of the double-sided printing adhesive and the continuity of the process.
[0022] Furthermore, the ink return blade lifting mechanism includes a blade holder, with two third servo motors fixedly connected to the top of the blade holder. The output ends of the two third servo motors are fixedly connected to transmission screws. Two lifting nuts are slidably connected inside the blade holder. The two lifting nuts are threadedly connected to the two transmission screws respectively. A scraper and an ink return blade are fixedly connected to the bottom of the two lifting nuts respectively.
[0023] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that, on the knife holder of the ink return knife lifting mechanism, two third servo motors independently control the lifting height and pressure of the doctor blade and the ink return knife through the transmission screw and lifting nut. This can ensure that the adhesive penetrates the screen evenly, and avoid screen damage or excessive adhesive overflow caused by excessive pressure, thereby improving the adhesive utilization rate.
[0024] Furthermore, the device is also equipped with a safety protection device, the operating surface of which is an open operating surface.
[0025] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are that the protective device can effectively isolate the printing and adhesive application area, preventing operators from coming into contact with moving parts or adhesive materials, which complies with safety production standards; the open operating surface facilitates operators to quickly complete maintenance operations such as screen replacement, adhesive replenishment, and equipment cleaning, reducing maintenance time by more than 40% and reducing equipment downtime losses; the protective device is linked with the control system, and the equipment will automatically stop when the operating surface is opened, avoiding safety accidents caused by misoperation and improving the safety of equipment operation. Attached Figure Description
[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding module structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the centering module structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the dual-interactive printing platform module structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the printing device of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the first linear module robot and the material unloading synchronous belt of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the ink return knife lifting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the flipping platform structure of the present invention.
[0027] In the diagram: 1. Feeding module; 11. Feeding box; 12. Translational feeding mechanism; 121. Lifting cylinder assembly; 122. Translation module; 123. Sheet spacing adjustment mechanism; 13. Paper collection area; 21. Feeding synchronous belt; 22. Return feeding synchronous belt; 23. Linear module robot; 24. Second linear module robot; 25. Fan; 26. Suction tube; 27. First micro suction cup; 28. First vacuum generator; 3. Centering module; 31. Frame; 32. First servo motor; 33. Drive wheel; 34. Driven wheel; 35. Transmission belt; 36. Positioning mechanism; 4. Dual interactive printing platform module; 41. Marble platform; 42. 43. Slide rail; 431. Printing platform; 432. Lifting screw; 433. Micro-motion platform; 44. Linear motor; 45. Vacuum adsorption chamber; 46. Vacuum generator; 47. Printing conveyor synchronous belt; 5. Vision device; 6. Printing device; 61. Screen lifting mechanism; 62. Translation mechanism; 63. Clamping mechanism; 64. Slider; 65. Ink return knife lifting mechanism; 651. Knife holder; 652. Third servo motor; 653. Transmission screw; 654. Lifting nut; 655. Squeegee; 656. Ink return knife; 66. Screen; 8. Tilting platform; 80. Flip plate; 81. Second servo motor; 82. Second vacuum generator; 83. Second micro suction cup. Detailed Implementation
[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0029] Example 1, by Figure 1-2 and Figure 6 , 8 A fully automatic grid-less solar cell printing device is provided, including a feeding module 1, which includes a feeding box 11 and a translation feeding mechanism 12. The feeding box 11 contains a number of grid-less solar cells, and a paper collection area 13 is provided next to the feeding box 11. The translation feeding mechanism 12 includes a lifting cylinder assembly 121, and a number of translation modules 122 are driven and connected to the top of the lifting cylinder assembly 121. A cell spacing adjustment mechanism 123 is interspersed among the translation modules 122, and each translation module 122 is connected to the input end of the feeding synchronous belt 21.
[0030] The separator paper collection area 13 simultaneously separates the battery cells from the protective separator paper and collects them centrally, avoiding material congestion caused by the mixing of separator papers; the lifting cylinder assembly 121 drives the translation module 122 to precisely align with the feeding synchronous belt 21; the cell spacing adjustment mechanism 123 can adjust the cell spacing to a suitable value according to the subsequent process requirements of the centering module 3 and the printing device 6, avoiding subsequent positioning deviations caused by uneven spacing; the overall structure is compact, the feeding rhythm is highly matched with the cycle time of the transmission module and the centering module 3, there is no process waiting time, and the efficiency of the entire process is improved.
[0031] The output end of the feeding synchronous belt 21 is connected to the input end of the centering module 3, and the output end of the centering module 3 is connected to the input end of the dual interactive printing platform module 4. A vision device 5 is correspondingly installed inside the dual interactive printing platform module 4. The dual interactive printing platform module 4 is divided into two sections, and both sections of the dual interactive printing platform module 4 are connected to the printing device 6. A first linear module robot 23 is installed on one side of the dual interactive printing platform module 4, and the output end of the first linear module robot 23 is connected to the input end of the return unloading synchronous belt 22. A second linear module robot 24 is positioned between the reflow feeding synchronous belt 22 and the loading synchronous belt 21. The output ends of both the first linear module robot 23 and the second linear module robot 24 are equipped with several first micro-suction cups 27. The size and layout of the first micro-suction cups 27 are adapted to the printing position of the battery cells. A first vacuum generator 28 is mounted on the robotic arms of both the first linear module robot 23 and the second linear module robot 24, and the first vacuum generator 28 is connected to the several first micro-suction cups 27. The output end of the reflow feeding synchronous belt 22 is connected to the loading box 11. Both the loading synchronous belt 21 and the reflow feeding synchronous belt 22 have fans 25 at their bottoms. The output end of the fans 25 is connected to a suction cylinder 26 located below the synchronous belt, and the surface of the synchronous belt has small protrusions.
[0032] The fan 25 and suction tube 26 at the bottom of the feeding synchronous belt 21 and the return unloading synchronous belt 22 adsorb the battery cells through negative pressure, so that the battery cells are closely attached to the synchronous belt during the transmission process, reducing the battery cell displacement rate and ensuring transmission stability. By providing small protrusions on the surface of the synchronous belt, it is possible to prevent residual adhesive after printing from sticking to the synchronous belt, avoiding adhesive contamination of subsequent battery cells and reducing the frequency of cleaning and maintenance. The size and layout of the first micro suction cup 27 of the first linear module robot 23 are perfectly adapted to the printing position of the battery cells, adsorbing only the non-printing area, avoiding indentation or damage to the printed layer, and the first vacuum generator 28 provides stable negative pressure for the first micro suction cup 27, ensuring the integrity of the product appearance and performance.
[0033] The return feeding synchronous belt 22 has a segmented structure. A flipping platform 8 is set between the two segments of the return feeding synchronous belt 22. A second servo motor 81 is fixedly connected to one side of the flipping platform 8. A flip plate 80 is rotatably connected inside the flipping platform 8. The output end of the second servo motor 81 is driven and connected to the flip plate 80. Several second micro suction cups 83 are set on the surface of the flip plate 80. The flipping platform 8 is also equipped with a second vacuum generator 82. The second vacuum generator 82 is connected to several second micro suction cups 83.
[0034] The second servo motor 81 drives the flip plate 80 to achieve a smooth 180° flip. By controlling the flipping angular velocity, centrifugal displacement of the battery cells caused by excessive flipping is avoided. The second micro-suction cup 83 on the surface of the flip plate 80 generates negative pressure through the second vacuum generator 82 to tightly adsorb the battery cells. There is no risk of falling off or scratching during the flipping process, reducing the breakage rate. The flipping platform 8 is connected to two sections of return feeding synchronous belt 22. After flipping, the battery cells are directly transferred to the feeding module 1 through the subsequent return feeding synchronous belt 22 without secondary positioning, ensuring the consistency of the position of the double-sided printing adhesive and the continuity of the process.
[0035] The feeding module 1, feeding timing belt 21, centering module 3, dual interactive printing platform module 4, vision device 5, printing device 6, first linear module robot 23, return unloading timing belt 22 and flipping platform 8 are all electrically connected to the control system. The control system coordinates the timing of the actions of each module, detects the position of the battery cells through sensors, and triggers the coordinated operation of each module.
[0036] In this embodiment: the first linear module robot 23 adopts the mjunit synchronous belt guide rail module.
[0037] Example 2, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 Based on Embodiment 1, the centering module 3 includes a frame 31, a first servo motor 32 is fixedly connected to the top of the frame, a drive wheel 33 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first servo motor 32, a driven wheel 34 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the frame 31, the drive wheel 33 and the drive wheel 34 are connected by a drive belt 35, and positioning mechanisms 36 are fixedly connected to both sides of the drive belt 35, and both positioning mechanisms 36 are slidably connected to the frame 31. The first servo motor 32 is linked with the drive wheel 33, driven wheel 34 and transmission belt 35 to drive the positioning mechanisms 36 on both sides to slide synchronously in opposite directions along the frame 31. The sliding connection between the positioning mechanism 36 and the frame 31 ensures smooth movement. The centering deviation is controlled within ±0.03mm, ensuring that the center of the battery cell is accurately aligned with the center of the screen 66 of the printing device 6, avoiding defects such as printing offset and missing printing caused by centering deviation. The overall structure is symmetrical and rigid, and is compatible with 182mm-210mm gridless battery cells. Compatibility can be achieved by simply adjusting the stroke of the positioning mechanism 36, reducing equipment changeover costs.
[0038] Example 3, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 Based on Embodiment 1, the dual-interactive printing platform module 4 includes a marble platform 41. Two sets of slide rails 42 are arranged on both sides of the marble platform 41 along its length. Printing platforms 43 are slidably connected to the outside of each set of slide rails 42. The marble platform 41 has high rigidity and low deformation characteristics, providing stable support for the printing platforms 43 and preventing uneven printing thickness caused by platform deformation. The bottoms of the two sets of printing platforms 43 are respectively driven and connected to two linear motors 44. The two sets of printing platforms 43 are driven by the linear motors 44 to alternately run along the slide rails 42. While one platform is performing printing operations, the other platform completes the loading and positioning of the battery cells, increasing the process overlap rate by 50% and significantly shortening the printing cycle for a single cell. Each set of printing platforms 43 is internally equipped with a lifting screw 431 and a micro-motion platform 432. The printing platform 43 is slidably connected to the slide rails 42 through the micro-motion platform 432. The output end of the linear motor 44 is driven and connected to the lifting screw 431. The outside of the lifting screw 431 is connected to the micro-motion platform 432. The micro-motion platform 432 is connected to the vision device 5 via a threaded connection. The micro-motion platform 432 and vision device 5 are linked, allowing real-time reception of battery cell position information from the vision device 5. The platform height and horizontal position are finely adjusted via the lifting screw 431 to dynamically correct positioning deviations and ensure accurate printing. Both micro-motion platforms 432 have vacuum adsorption chambers 45 at their bottoms, and vacuum generators 46 connected to the vacuum adsorption chambers 45 are fixedly connected to opposite sides of both micro-motion platforms 432. The dual-interactive printing platform module 4 also includes a printing conveyor belt 47, with its two ends connected to the output end of the printing device 6 and the input end of the first linear module robot 23, respectively. The vacuum adsorption chambers 45 and vacuum generators 46 work together to tightly fix the battery cells to the surface of the micro-motion platform 432 using negative pressure, preventing warping or displacement of the battery cells during printing. The printing conveyor belt 47 connects the printing device 6 and the first linear module robot 23, ensuring process continuity.
[0039] Example 4, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 7Based on Embodiment 1, the printing device 6 includes a screen lifting mechanism 61. A translation mechanism 62 is slidably connected to one side of the screen lifting mechanism 61. Two clamping mechanisms 63 are fixedly connected to the side of the translation mechanism 62 away from the screen lifting mechanism 61. A slider 64 located between the two clamping mechanisms 3 is slidably connected to the side of the translation mechanism 62 away from the screen lifting mechanism 61. A return ink knife lifting mechanism 65 is fixedly connected to the side of the slider 64 away from the translation mechanism 62. The slider 64 drives the return ink knife lifting mechanism 65 to slide along the translation mechanism 62, ensuring complete printing coverage and adapting to the printing needs of battery cells of different sizes. The ink return blade lifting mechanism 65 includes a blade holder 651. Two third servo motors 652 are fixedly connected to the top of the blade holder 651. The output ends of the two third servo motors 652 are fixedly connected to transmission screws 653. Two lifting nuts 654 are slidably connected inside the blade holder 651. The two lifting nuts 654 are threadedly connected to the two transmission screws 653 respectively. The bottom of the two lifting nuts 654 is fixedly connected to a doctor blade 655 and an ink return blade 656 respectively. On the blade holder 651 of the ink return blade lifting mechanism 65, the two third servo motors 652 independently control the lifting height and pressure of the doctor blade 655 and the ink return blade 656 through the transmission screws 653 and the lifting nuts 654. This ensures that the adhesive penetrates the screen 66 evenly and avoids damage to the screen 66 or excessive adhesive overflow caused by excessive pressure. The adhesive utilization rate is increased by more than 15%. A screen 66 located below the ink knife lifting mechanism 65 is fixedly connected between the two clamping mechanisms 63; the screen lifting mechanism 61 and the translation mechanism 62 can flexibly adjust the distance and horizontal position between the screen 66 and the battery cell to adapt to battery cells without main grids of different thicknesses and improve equipment adaptability; the clamping mechanism 63 stably fixes the screen 66 to avoid blurring of the printing ink caused by the screen 66 shaking during the printing process, and at the same time facilitates the replacement and cleaning of the screen 66, reducing maintenance difficulty.
[0040] In Example 5, the equipment is also equipped with a safety protection device with an open operating surface. This device effectively isolates the printing area, preventing operators from contacting moving parts or the adhesive, thus complying with safety regulations. The open operating surface allows operators to quickly complete maintenance tasks such as screen replacement, adhesive replenishment, and equipment cleaning, reducing maintenance time by more than 40% and minimizing downtime losses. The device is linked to the control system; if the operating surface is opened, the equipment automatically stops, preventing accidents caused by misoperation and improving operational safety.
[0041] Working principle: Step 1: The operator puts the gridless solar cell with separator paper into the feeding box 11, the control system starts the equipment, and the lifting cylinder assembly 121 of the translation feeding mechanism 12 drives the translation module 122 to rise to the height corresponding to the solar cell.
[0042] Step 2: The translation module 122 extends, adsorbs the top layer of battery cells and separates the separator paper, which falls into the separator paper collection area 13; the cell spacing adjustment mechanism 123 adjusts the adsorbed battery cell spacing to the appropriate value, and then the translation module 122 transports the battery cells to the feeding synchronous belt 21.
[0043] Step 3: The fan 25 at the bottom of the feeding synchronous belt 21 is started, and the suction tube 26 generates negative pressure, which makes the battery cells stick tightly to the surface of the synchronous belt. The synchronous belt transports the battery cells to the centering module 3.
[0044] Step 4: After the battery cell enters the centering module 3, the sensor detects the battery cell and sends a signal to the control system, and the feeding synchronous belt 21 stops.
[0045] Step 5: The first servo motor 32 starts and drives the positioning mechanisms 36 on both sides to slide synchronously in opposite directions along the frame 31 through the drive wheel 33, driven wheel 34 and transmission belt 35, so as to center the battery cells.
[0046] Step 6: After centering is completed, the positioning mechanism 36 is reset, the control system sends a "centering complete" signal, the feeding synchronous belt 21 restarts, and the battery cells are transported to the dual interactive printing platform module 4.
[0047] Step 7: Driven by the linear motor 44, the first printing platform 43 of the dual interactive printing platform module 4 moves along the slide rail 42 to the receiving station and docks with the feeding synchronous belt 21.
[0048] Step 8: The battery cell is transported to the surface of the micro-motion platform 432, the vacuum generator 46 is activated, and the vacuum adsorption chamber 45 generates negative pressure to firmly fix the battery cell.
[0049] Step 9: The vision device 5 captures the position of the battery cell and transmits the deviation signal to the micro-motion platform 432. The lifting screw 431 fine-tunes the height and horizontal position of the platform to correct the deviation.
[0050] Step 10: The linear motor 44 drives the first printing platform 43 to move below the printing device 6, and the screen lifting mechanism 61 of the printing device 6 drives the screen 66 to descend to the spacing position that matches the battery cell.
[0051] Step 11: The third servo motor 652 of the ink return blade lifting mechanism 65 is started, the pressure of the squeegee 655 is adjusted, and the slider 64 drives the squeegee 655 to slide, completing the first side printing of the battery cell; at the same time, the ink return blade 656 moves synchronously to return the excess adhesive.
[0052] Step 12: After the printing is completed, the screen 66 rises and resets, and the first printing platform 43 moves to the output station. The battery cells are transported to the first linear module robot 23 via the printing conveyor belt 47. During this process, the second printing platform 43 has received the next batch of aligned battery cells and completed the positioning. After the first platform leaves the printing station, it immediately moves to the bottom of the printing device 6 to print the battery cells, realizing the parallel "printing-feeding".
[0053] Step 13: The first micro suction cup 27 of the first linear module robot arm 23 starts negative pressure to adsorb the battery cell after the first side is printed with adhesive. The robot arm transports the battery cell to the return unloading synchronous belt 22.
[0054] Step 14: The return feeding synchronous belt 22 transports the battery cells to the flipping platform 8. After the sensor detects the battery cells, the synchronous belt stops. At the same time, the second vacuum generator 82 starts, the second micro suction cup 83 adsorbs the battery cells, and the second servo motor 81 drives the flip plate 80 to rotate smoothly 180°. After the rotation is completed, the negative pressure is released, the return feeding synchronous belt 22 restarts, and the battery cells are transported back to the loading synchronous belt 21 by the second linear module robot arm 24.
[0055] Step 15: After being flipped over, the battery cells are transported again to the centering module 3 via the feeding synchronous belt 21. The centering process is repeated to ensure that the printing position on the second side is aligned with the first side.
[0056] Step 16: After centering, the solar cell enters the idle printing platform 43 of the dual interactive printing platform module 4, repeats the positioning and printing process, and completes the printing of the second side of the solar cell.
[0057] Step 17: After the double-sided adhesive printing is completed, the battery cell is conveyed by the adhesive printing conveyor belt 47. At this time, the first linear module robot arm 23 no longer grabs the battery cell, and it is directly output to the subsequent UV curing or welding station by the adhesive printing conveyor belt 47.
[0058] Step 18: When the number of finished cells in the finished product area reaches the set quantity, the equipment issues a prompt signal, and the operator removes the finished products, completing one batch of production.
[0059] In summary, this invention, through collaborative innovation of fully automated architecture, high-precision control, and modular design, effectively solves the technical defects of existing grid-free solar cell printing equipment, such as low efficiency, low yield, and poor adaptability. It provides key equipment support for the large-scale, low-cost, and high-quality production of grid-free solar cells, and has significant technological advancement and industrial application value.
[0060] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.
[0061] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A fully automatic gridless solar cell printing equipment, comprising a feeding module (1), characterized in that: The output end of the feeding module (1) is connected to the input end of the feeding synchronous belt (21), the output end of the feeding synchronous belt (21) is connected to the input end of the centering module (3), the output end of the centering module (3) is connected to the input end of the dual interactive printing platform module (4), a vision device (5) is correspondingly provided in the dual interactive printing platform module (4), the dual interactive printing platform module (4) is divided into two sections, and both sections of the dual interactive printing platform module (4) are connected to the printing device (6), a first linear module robot (23) is provided on one side of the dual interactive printing platform module (4), and the first linear module robot (23) The output end is connected to the input end of the return feeding synchronous belt (22). The return feeding synchronous belt (22) is a segmented structure. A flipping platform (8) is provided between the two segments of the return feeding synchronous belt (22). A second linear module robot (24) is provided between the return feeding synchronous belt (22) and the feeding synchronous belt (21). The feeding module (1), feeding synchronous belt (21), centering module (3), dual interactive printing platform module (4), vision device (5), printing device (6), first linear module robot (23), second linear module robot (24), return feeding synchronous belt (22) and flipping platform (8) are all electrically connected to the control system.
2. The fully automatic gridless solar cell printing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding module (1) includes a feeding box (11) and a translation feeding mechanism (12); the feeding box (11) contains a number of gridless solar cells, and a paper collection area (13) is provided next to the feeding box (11); the translation feeding mechanism (12) includes a lifting cylinder assembly (121), and a number of translation modules (122) are driven to the top of the lifting cylinder assembly (121), and a cell spacing adjustment mechanism (123) is interspersed between the number of translation modules (122).
3. The fully automatic gridless solar cell printing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centering module (3) includes a frame (31), a first servo motor (32) is fixedly connected to the top of the frame, a drive wheel (33) is fixedly connected to the output end of the first servo motor (32), a driven wheel (34) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the frame (31), the drive wheel (33) and the driven wheel (34) are connected by a transmission belt (35), and positioning mechanisms (36) are fixedly connected to both sides of the transmission belt (35), and both positioning mechanisms (36) are slidably connected to the frame (31).
4. The fully automatic gridless solar cell printing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-interactive printing platform module (4) includes a marble platform (41). Two sets of slide rails (42) are provided on both sides of the marble platform (41) along its length. Printing platforms (43) are slidably connected to the outside of the two sets of slide rails (42). The bottom of the two sets of printing platforms (43) are respectively driven and connected to two linear motors (44). The two sets of printing platforms (43) are provided with lifting screws (431) and micro-motion platforms (432) inside. The printing platforms (43) are slidably connected to the slide rails (42) through the micro-motion platforms (432). The output end of the linear motors (44) is driven and connected to the lifting screws (431). The lifting screw (431) is threadedly connected to the micro-motion platform (432), and the micro-motion platform (432) is signal-connected to the vision device (5). Both sets of micro-motion platforms (432) are provided with vacuum adsorption chambers (45) at their bottoms, and vacuum generators (46) connected to the vacuum adsorption chambers (45) are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of both sets of micro-motion platforms (432). The dual interactive printing platform module (4) also includes a printing conveyor synchronous belt (47), and the two ends of the printing conveyor synchronous belt (47) are respectively connected to the output end of the printing device (6) and the input end of the first linear module robot (23).
5. The fully automatic gridless solar cell printing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The printing device (6) includes a screen lifting mechanism (61), a translation mechanism (62) is slidably connected to one side of the screen lifting mechanism (61), two clamping mechanisms (63) are fixedly connected to the side of the translation mechanism (62) away from the screen lifting mechanism (61), a slider (64) located between the two clamping mechanisms (3) is slidably connected to the side of the translation mechanism (62) away from the screen lifting mechanism (61), a return ink knife lifting mechanism (65) is fixedly connected to the side of the slider (64) away from the translation mechanism (62), and a screen (66) located below the return ink knife lifting mechanism (65) is fixedly connected between the two clamping mechanisms (63).
6. The fully automatic gridless solar cell printing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the feeding synchronous belt (21) and the return unloading synchronous belt (22) are both equipped with a fan (25). The output end of the fan (25) is connected to the suction tube (26) located below the synchronous belt. The surface of the synchronous belt is provided with a small protrusion. The output ends of the first linear module robot (23) and the second linear module robot (24) are both provided with a number of first micro suction cups (27). The size and layout of the first micro suction cups (27) are adapted to the printing position of the battery cell. The robotic arms of the first linear module robot (23) and the second linear module robot (24) are both provided with a first vacuum generator (28). The first vacuum generator (28) is connected to the number of first micro suction cups (27).
7. The fully automatic gridless solar cell printing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second servo motor (81) is fixedly connected to one side of the flipping platform (8). A flip plate (80) is rotatably connected inside the flipping platform (8). The output end of the second servo motor (81) is driven to connect with the flip plate (80). A number of second micro suction cups (83) are provided on the surface of the flip plate (80). The flipping platform (8) is also provided with a second vacuum generator (82). The second vacuum generator (82) is connected to the number of second micro suction cups (83).
8. The fully automatic gridless solar cell printing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ink return blade lifting mechanism (65) includes a blade holder (651). Two third servo motors (652) are fixedly connected to the top of the blade holder (651). The output ends of the two third servo motors (652) are fixedly connected to transmission screws (653). Two lifting nuts (654) are slidably connected inside the blade holder (651). The two lifting nuts (654) are threadedly connected to the two transmission screws (653) respectively. The bottom of the two lifting nuts (654) is fixedly connected to a scraper (655) and an ink return blade (656) respectively.
9. A fully automatic gridless solar cell printing equipment according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The equipment is also equipped with a safety protection device, the operating surface of which is an open operating surface.