Cinnabar continuous water flying device, use method, design method and verification method

Abstract

The invention provides a cinnabar continuous water flying device, a use method, a design method and a verification method, and relates to the technical field of mineral processing. The cinnabar continuous water flying device provided by the invention comprises a material mixing device, an ultrasonic device connected with the material mixing device and a solid-liquid separation device connected with the ultrasonic device, the mixing device is provided with a mixing cavity and comprises a first feeder capable of providing cinnabar fine powder into the mixing cavity, a second feeder capable of providing water into the mixing cavity and a vortex generator capable of mixing the cinnabar fine powder and the water to obtain initial slurry; the ultrasonic device can provide ultrasonic waves of which the frequency is periodically and cyclically changed for the initial slurry; in a single period, the ultrasonic waves provided by the ultrasonic device are monotonically increased from a first frequency to a second frequency and monotonically decreased from the second frequency to the first frequency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This manual relates to the field of mineral processing, and in particular to a continuous water-jetting device for cinnabar, its usage, design, and verification methods. Background Technology

[0002] Cinnabar's main chemical component is mercuric sulfide, a core raw material for the production of handicrafts, ink paste, and traditional pigments. To obtain cinnabar with pure color and fine texture, the raw cinnabar ore needs to be purified and refined; this purification and refining process is called "water levigation." Currently, the water levigation process mainly relies on manual operation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This specification provides one or more embodiments of a cinnabar continuous water-jetting device, comprising: a mixing device, an ultrasonic device connected to the mixing device, and a solid-liquid separation device connected to the ultrasonic device; the mixing device includes a mixing chamber, a first feeder capable of supplying fine cinnabar powder to the interior of the mixing chamber, a second feeder capable of supplying water to the interior of the mixing chamber, and a vortex generator capable of mixing fine cinnabar powder and water to obtain an initial slurry; the ultrasonic device is capable of providing ultrasonic waves with a periodically changing frequency to the initial slurry; in a single cycle, the ultrasonic waves provided by the ultrasonic device monotonically increase from a first frequency to a second frequency and monotonically decrease from the second frequency to the first frequency.

[0004] In some embodiments, the cinnabar continuous water-flying device further includes a pretreatment device, which includes a feeding port, a negative pressure suction device disposed at the feeding port, and a vibrating screen; the discharge port of the pretreatment device is connected to the mixing device.

[0005] In some embodiments, the solid-liquid separation device includes a vortex settling column, the upper part of which has an overflow port.

[0006] In some embodiments, the cinnabar continuous water-flying device further includes a drying device, which includes a vacuum filtration module and a vacuum drying chamber; the vacuum filtration module has a backwashing mechanism, and the backwashing mechanism has a backwash liquid outlet.

[0007] In some embodiments, the cinnabar continuous water-flying device further includes: a water treatment device, the water treatment device including: a wastewater storage tank, an integrated filter column connected to the wastewater storage tank, and a clear water tank connected to the integrated filter column; wherein, the wastewater storage tank is connected to the overflow port of the eddy current sedimentation column and / or the backwash liquid outlet of the vacuum filtration module; the clear water tank is connected to the second feeder.

[0008] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic device further includes a laser diffraction sensor and a controller, wherein the laser diffraction sensor is used to acquire particle size information of the slurry within the ultrasonic device, and the controller controls the number of cycles of the ultrasonic waves provided by the ultrasonic device based on the particle size information.

[0009] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic device is capable of intermittently providing the ultrasonic waves to the initial slurry.

[0010] In some embodiments, in a single cycle, the ultrasonic waves provided by the ultrasonic device maintain the first frequency for a first time, monotonically increase from the first frequency to the second frequency, maintain the second frequency for a second time, and monotonically decrease from the second frequency to the first frequency.

[0011] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic device further includes a laser diffraction sensor and a controller, wherein the laser diffraction sensor is used to acquire particle size information of the slurry within the ultrasonic device; if the particle size information is greater than a first preset value and less than a second preset value, the controller extends the second time; if the particle size information is greater than the second preset value, the controller extends the first time.

[0012] In some embodiments, the monotonically increasing from the first frequency to the second frequency includes: linearly increasing from the first frequency to the second frequency; the monotonically decreasing from the second frequency to the first frequency includes: linearly decreasing from the second frequency to the first frequency.

[0013] In some embodiments, the frequency-time curve of the ultrasonic wave provided by the ultrasonic device is a sine curve with a phase difference of π / 2.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first frequency ranges from 30 to 60 kHz, and the second frequency ranges from 90 to 120 kHz.

[0015] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic device further includes a total dissolved solids sensor, which is used to obtain the total dissolved solids value of the supernatant of the slurry within the ultrasonic device.

[0016] This specification provides one or more embodiments of a method for using a continuous water-jetting device for cinnabar, comprising: feeding cinnabar raw material into a pretreatment device, screening the cinnabar raw material through a vibrating screen of the pretreatment device to obtain cinnabar fine powder with qualified particle size; the cinnabar fine powder entering a mixing device through a first feeder, and water entering the mixing device through a second feeder, mixing the cinnabar fine powder and the water to obtain an initial slurry; placing the initial slurry in an ultrasonic device, and providing the initial slurry with ultrasonic waves of periodically changing frequency through the ultrasonic device; placing the ultrasonically treated slurry in a solid-liquid separation device to obtain a concentrated cinnabar slurry; and drying the concentrated cinnabar slurry to obtain the finished cinnabar product.

[0017] This specification provides one or more embodiments of a method for designing ultrasonic treatment parameters for a continuous water-flying device for cinnabar, comprising: setting initial ultrasonic treatment parameters for the ultrasonic device; the ultrasonic device performing ultrasonic treatment on an initial slurry based on the initial ultrasonic treatment parameters; during the ultrasonic treatment process, acquiring the TDS value of the upper clear liquid of the slurry inside the ultrasonic device at several treatment time points; acquiring the inflection point where the TDS value growth rate decreases from rapid to slow based on the TDS value-time curve; and acquiring the ultrasonic treatment parameters corresponding to the treatment time point at the inflection point where the TDS value growth rate decreases from rapid to slow based on the treatment time point at that treatment time point.

[0018] This specification provides one or more embodiments of a method for verifying the ultrasonic treatment parameters of a continuous water-flying device for cinnabar, comprising: during the formal production stage, when the initial cinnabar slurry is ultrasonically treated by the ultrasonic treatment device, extracting a first sample of the supernatant from the ultrasonic treatment device; obtaining the TDS value of the first sample as a first value, and obtaining the soluble mercury content of the first sample as a second value by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, thereby obtaining multiple paired data points including the first value and the second value; establishing an empirical relationship model between the first value and the second value; and during the subsequent formal production stage, when the initial cinnabar slurry is ultrasonically treated by the ultrasonic treatment device, extracting a first sample of the supernatant from the ultrasonic treatment device. The second sample of the liquid; the TDS value of the second sample is obtained as the first measured value, and the soluble mercury content of the second sample is obtained by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry as the second measured value. The first measured value is input into the empirical relationship model to obtain the predicted second value. The second measured value and the predicted second value are compared. If the error between the second measured value and the predicted second value is within a preset range, the currently used ultrasonic processing parameters are maintained. If the error between the second measured value and the predicted second value exceeds the preset range, the currently used ultrasonic processing parameters are adjusted. The ultrasonic processing device performs ultrasonic processing on the initial cinnabar slurry, which includes: the ultrasonic device provides the initial slurry with ultrasonic waves of periodically changing frequency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] This specification will be further described by way of exemplary embodiments, which will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same numbers in the drawings denote the same structures or steps.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a continuous water-flying device for cinnabar, as shown in some embodiments of this specification.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pretreatment device for the cinnabar continuous water-flying device according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first feeder of the cinnabar continuous water-flying device according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mixing device of the cinnabar continuous water-flying device according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic device of the cinnabar continuous water-flying device according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a solid-liquid separation device for a continuous water-flying cinnabar apparatus according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structural process of a continuous water-flying device for cinnabar, as shown in some embodiments of this specification.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating the usage of the cinnabar continuous water-flying device according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating the design method of ultrasonic processing parameters for a continuous water-flying device for cinnabar, as shown in some embodiments of this specification.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating the verification method for the ultrasonic processing parameters of the cinnabar continuous water-flying device according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0030] The diagram shows: 1 Mixing device; 11 First feeder; 12 Second feeder; 13 Vortex generator; 2 Ultrasonic device; 21 Controller; 3 Solid-liquid separation device; 31 Overflow port; 4 Pretreatment device; 41 Feeding port; 42 Negative pressure suction device; 43 Vibrating screen; 5 Drying device; 51 Vacuum filtration module; 52 Vacuum drying chamber; 6 Water treatment device; 61 Wastewater storage tank; 62 Integrated filter column; 63 Clean water tank. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments in this specification, the embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the content described below are some examples or embodiments of this specification. For those skilled in the art, without creative effort, the technical solutions or means disclosed in this specification can be applied to other scenarios based on this technical content.

[0032] It should be understood that the terms "system," "device," "equipment," "part" and / or "component," "unit" and / or "module" used in this specification are a method of distinguishing different components, elements, parts, sections, or assemblies at different levels. However, if other words can achieve the same purpose, they may be replaced by other expressions.

[0033] Unless otherwise specified, the technical terms used to describe components, elements, etc. in this specification are not singular but may include plural. Generally speaking, terms such as "comprising" or "including" only indicate that explicitly identified steps, elements, or components are included, and these steps, elements, and components do not constitute an exclusive list, as the described method or apparatus may also include other steps or components.

[0034] In the description of this specification, it should be understood that the directional descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, and right, indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These descriptions are for the convenience of describing this application and for simplification, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. In the description of this specification, unless otherwise expressly defined, terms such as "setting," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. Those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this specification in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0035] Cinnabar's main chemical component is mercuric sulfide (HgS), a core raw material for the production of handicrafts, ink paste, and traditional pigments. To obtain cinnabar with pure color and fine texture, the raw cinnabar ore needs to be purified and refined. This purification and refining process is called "water levigation." The water levigation process mainly relies on manual operation and may include the following steps: placing the cinnabar ore in a mortar and grinding it repeatedly with water; pouring the ground slurry into a container, adding water and stirring; allowing it to stand and utilizing the density difference between cinnabar (density approximately 8.1 g / cm³) and impurities (such as quartz, density approximately 2.65 g / cm³), pouring off the upper suspension containing lighter impurities; repeating this process until a satisfactory fine cinnabar powder is obtained.

[0036] The manual water-jetting process is inefficient, time-consuming (often measured in days), and intermittent, batch-based, failing to meet the capacity demands of modern industrial production. It is also labor-intensive and carries significant occupational health risks. Repeated grinding and washing are physically demanding tasks, and the water-jetting process generates mercury-containing dust and aerosols, posing a long-term and serious health threat to operators' respiratory and nervous systems. Product quality is inconsistent; key quality indicators such as purification level and particle size rely heavily on operator experience, leading to significant differences in color and texture between batches and from different operators, affecting the consistency of the final product. Furthermore, there is a lack of process monitoring methods. Rapid and effective online monitoring methods are lacking for the removal of critical impurities during purification and the content of soluble mercury, which is crucial for product safety.

[0037] Based on this, one or more embodiments of this specification provide a continuous water-washing device for cinnabar, which can replace the manual water-washing process and realize the repeated grinding and washing of cinnabar.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a continuous water-flying device for cinnabar, as shown in some embodiments of this specification. See also... Figure 1 As shown, in one or more embodiments of this specification, the cinnabar continuous water-jetting device may include: a mixing device 1, an ultrasonic device 2 connected to the mixing device 1, and a solid-liquid separation device 3 connected to the ultrasonic device 2. In some embodiments, the mixing device 1 is used to mix materials, for example, to mix pretreated cinnabar and water. In some embodiments, the ultrasonic device 2 is used to repeatedly grind and wash the cinnabar.

[0039] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , 4 As shown, the mixing device 1 has a mixing chamber, and the mixing device 1 includes a first feeder 11 capable of supplying fine cinnabar powder into the mixing chamber, a second feeder 12 capable of supplying water into the mixing chamber, and a vortex generator 13 capable of mixing fine cinnabar powder and water to obtain an initial slurry.

[0040] In some embodiments, the mixing device 1 may include a mixing device housing that provides the mixing chamber described above. See also: Figure 1 , 3 As shown, the first feeder 11 can be a screw feeder controlled by a servo motor, and the outlet of the screw feeder is connected to the housing of the mixing device. In some embodiments, the second feeder 12 may include a water supply pipeline connected to the housing of the mixing device, and the water supply pipeline is equipped with an electromagnetic flow meter and a proportional valve. In some embodiments, the first feeder 11 and the second feeder 12 operate synchronously to inject cinnabar powder and water into the mixing chamber synchronously based on a preset solid-liquid ratio. In some embodiments, the preset solid-liquid ratio can be 1:8 to 1:10.

[0041] In some embodiments, the eddy current generator 13 is used to create eddies in the liquid and solid inside the mixing chamber to fully mix them and form an initial slurry.

[0042] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , 5As shown, the ultrasonic device 2 is capable of providing ultrasonic waves with periodically changing frequencies to the initial slurry. In some embodiments, the ultrasonic device 2 may include an ultrasonic generator capable of providing high-frequency oscillation signals and a transducer capable of converting the high-frequency oscillation signals into high-frequency mechanical oscillations. In some embodiments, the high-frequency mechanical oscillations are propagated to a medium, such as a mixture of cinnabar powder and water (i.e., the initial slurry), via the transducer. In some embodiments, the ultrasonic waves radiate forward in the mixture of cinnabar powder and water in alternating dense and sparse patterns, causing the liquid to flow and generating tens of thousands of tiny bubbles. These tiny bubbles (i.e., cavitation nuclei) in the liquid vibrate under the influence of the sound field. When the accumulated sound pressure reaches a certain threshold, the bubbles rapidly grow and then suddenly collapse, generating shock waves upon collapse. This instantaneously generates thousands of atmospheres of pressure around the bubbles, disrupting the surface of the cinnabar particles suspended in the water and dispersing the flaking material into the water.

[0043] In a single cycle, the ultrasonic waves provided by the ultrasonic device 2 can monotonically increase from a first frequency to a second frequency and then monotonically decrease from the second frequency back to the first frequency. In some embodiments, the first frequency is lower than the second frequency. The cavitation effect of the ultrasonic waves is related to the frequency of the ultrasonic waves. At lower frequencies, larger cavitation bubbles are generated, and the energy released when the cavitation bubbles collapse is stronger and the impact force is greater, which can remove large impurities from the cinnabar powder and / or break up agglomerates in the cinnabar powder. At higher frequencies, smaller and denser cavitation bubbles are generated, and the collapse of the cavitation bubbles is gentler but the spatial distribution is more uniform, which can perform fine cleaning of the cinnabar powder, penetrate narrow crevices, and / or prevent particle agglomeration.

[0044] In some embodiments, monotonically increasing from a first frequency to a second frequency includes: linearly increasing from a first frequency to a second frequency. In some embodiments, monotonically decreasing from a second frequency to a first frequency includes: linearly decreasing from a second frequency to a first frequency.

[0045] For example, the ultrasonic device 2 linearly increases the frequency from 30KHz to 120KHz in increments of 1KHz every 0.5 seconds, and then decreases it back to 30KHz at the same rate, and repeats this cycle to form a continuous, stepless dynamic spectrum.

[0046] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic device 2 outputs a frequency that is periodically cyclically scanned within an effective cavitation frequency band of 30 kHz to 120 kHz. In some embodiments, the ultrasonic waves provided by the ultrasonic device 2 create a complex cavitation field that changes over time.

[0047] In some embodiments, in a single cycle, the ultrasonic waves provided by the ultrasonic device 2 monotonically increase from a first frequency to an intermediate frequency, monotonically increase from the intermediate frequency to a second frequency, then monotonically decrease from the second frequency to the intermediate frequency, and then monotonically decrease from the intermediate frequency to the first frequency.

[0048] When the ultrasonic device 2 operates at the first frequency, it generates a large and intense cavitation effect, simulating the "strong grinding" action in the manual water-jetting process. This effectively and powerfully washes away large particles of impurities adhering to the surface of the cinnabar powder and breaks up physical agglomerates. When the ultrasonic device 2 operates at the intermediate frequency, the cavitation bubbles formed by the ultrasound become smaller and denser, with a more uniform energy distribution. This simulates the "fine washing" action in the manual water-jetting process. The cavitation effect can penetrate into the microscopic depressions on the surface of the cinnabar powder particles and between the particles, removing more stubborn adsorbed impurities and achieving deep cleaning. When the ultrasonic device 2 operates at the second frequency, the dense and gentle micro-cavitation effect plays a role in "dispersion and activation," effectively breaking up the flocculation of fine cinnabar powder particles caused by excessive surface energy. This ensures that the particles are stably suspended in the liquid in an independent and uniform state, creating conditions for subsequent sedimentation and separation.

[0049] In some embodiments, the first frequency is taken from 30-60 kHz. In some embodiments, the intermediate frequency is taken from 60-90 kHz. In some embodiments, the second frequency is taken from 90-120 kHz.

[0050] In some embodiments, the frequency-time curve of the ultrasound provided by the ultrasonic device 2 is a sine curve with a phase difference of π / 2. That is, the frequency of the ultrasound is the first frequency at time 0, monotonically increasing between 0 and π, the second frequency at time π, monotonically decreasing between π and 2π, and returning to the first frequency at time 2π. In some embodiments, within a single cycle, the rate of frequency change of the ultrasound with a frequency-time curve of π / 2 is small near the first and second frequencies. Therefore, the duration of the ultrasound in the first range including the first frequency and the second range including the second frequency is long, which matches the requirements of "intense grinding" and "dispersion and activation". At the same time, the frequency change of the ultrasound in the middle range between the first and second ranges is relatively uniform, which matches the requirements of "fine washing".

[0051] In some embodiments, the first range is 30-60 kHz. In some embodiments, the intermediate range is 60-90 kHz. In some embodiments, the second range is 90-120 kHz.

[0052] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic device 2 can intermittently provide ultrasonic waves to the initial slurry. In some embodiments, the ultrasonic device 2 continuously provides ultrasonic waves for a duration and stops providing ultrasonic waves during an interval. For example, the ultrasonic device 2 continuously provides ultrasonic waves for 3 minutes and then stops providing ultrasonic waves for 30 seconds. Intermittently providing ultrasonic waves prevents the ultrasonic device 2 from always operating under high load, which helps to extend the service life of the ultrasonic device 2. Intermittently providing ultrasonic waves can also prevent the liquid from developing fixed standing waves due to prolonged irradiation, thus preventing fixed standing waves from affecting the dispersion of the liquid.

[0053] In one or more embodiments of this specification, see Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the cinnabar continuous water-jetting device further includes a pretreatment device 4, which includes a feeding port 41, a negative pressure suction device 42 disposed at the feeding port 41, and a vibrating screen 43. In some embodiments, the pretreatment device 4 further includes a discharge port connected to the mixing device 1, for example, the discharge port is connected to the first feeder 11 of the mixing device 1. In some embodiments, the pretreatment device 4 includes a pretreatment device housing, the upper end of which forms the feeding port 41, a dust cover is provided at the feeding port 41, and a negative pressure suction device 42 is provided on one side of the feeding port 41 to prevent dust from escaping. In some embodiments, the vibrating screen 43 is arranged inside the pretreatment device housing.

[0054] Cinnabar raw material enters the pretreatment device 4 through the feed inlet 41. Under the continuous vibration of the vibrating screen 43, cinnabar fine powder with qualified particle size passes through the screen of the vibrating screen, so that the cinnabar fine powder entering the mixing device 1 has uniform and suitable initial particle size. In some embodiments, agglomerates in the cinnabar raw material that are too large in particle size or have not been sufficiently disintegrated are intercepted by the screen of the vibrating screen 43 and discharged through the waste channel arranged on the side of the pretreatment device housing. In some embodiments, the screen of the vibrating screen 43 can be 300 mesh. For example, the diameter of the screen openings of the vibrating screen 43 can be approximately 47 μm.

[0055] In one or more embodiments of this specification, see Figure 1 , Figure 6As shown, the solid-liquid separation device 3 includes a vortex settling column, with an overflow port 31 at its upper part. In some embodiments, the vortex settling column includes: a vortex settling column housing having a conical accommodating space, a feed inlet arranged tangentially at the lower part of the vortex settling column housing, and a discharge port located at the lower part of the vortex settling column housing. In some embodiments, ultrasonically treated slurry enters the vortex settling column tangentially. In some embodiments, airflow is provided upward along its height direction at the bottom of the vortex settling column to form a stable swirling field within the vortex settling column based on the tangentially entering slurry and the axially upward moving airflow.

[0056] Under the combined effects of centrifugal force and gravity, the denser cinnabar particles are rapidly thrown against the inner wall of the eddy current settling column and settle, accumulating at the bottom of the cone-shaped containment space to form a highly concentrated cinnabar slurry. The lighter impurities, due to the smaller centrifugal force they experience, mostly remain in the central region of the liquid and are discharged with the supernatant through the overflow port 31 of the eddy current settling column.

[0057] In some embodiments, the eddy current settling column further includes a turbidity sensor capable of detecting the density of the concentrated cinnabar slurry located at the bottom of the conical containment space. If the density of the concentrated cinnabar slurry is greater than or equal to a preset density, the outlet of the eddy current settling column is opened.

[0058] In one or more embodiments of this specification, see Figure 1 As shown, the cinnabar continuous water-flying device also includes a drying device 5, which includes a vacuum filtration module 51 and a vacuum drying chamber 52.

[0059] In some embodiments, the vacuum filtration module 51 has a built-in filter element made of sintered stainless steel or polytetrafluoroethylene. In some embodiments, the cinnabar concentrated slurry provided by the eddy current sedimentation column enters the vacuum filtration module 51, and under the drive of vacuum negative pressure, the free water in the cinnabar concentrated slurry is quickly removed, thereby obtaining a wet powder with significantly reduced water content on the surface of the filter element.

[0060] In some embodiments, the vacuum filtration module 51 includes a backwashing mechanism for backwashing the filter element. The backwashing mechanism includes a backwash liquid outlet.

[0061] In some embodiments, the wet cinnabar powder provided by the vacuum filtration module 51 is transferred to the vacuum drying chamber 52 and subjected to vacuum drying. In some embodiments, the vacuum drying temperature can be 30-40°C. Mild drying conditions can effectively prevent the decomposition of mercuric sulfide due to overheating, while minimizing the hard agglomeration of particles caused by moisture evaporation, thereby obtaining a dry, loose, and free-flowing high-purity cinnabar powder product, which is convenient for subsequent collection, packaging, and storage.

[0062] In other embodiments, the drying device 5 may also include a drying device with a drying temperature ≤40°C.

[0063] In one or more embodiments of this specification, see Figure 1 As shown, the cinnabar continuous water-flying device also includes a water treatment device 6, which comprises a wastewater storage tank 61, an integrated filter column 62 connected to the wastewater storage tank 61, and a clean water tank 63 connected to the integrated filter column 62. The wastewater storage tank 61 is connected to the overflow port 31 of the vortex settling column and / or the backwash liquid outlet of the vacuum filtration module 51, and the clean water tank 63 is connected to the second feeder 12.

[0064] In some embodiments, continuous wastewater containing most light impurities, supplied by the overflow port 31 of the eddy current sedimentation column, and intermittent backwash water supplied by the vacuum filtration module 51, enter the wastewater storage tank 61. The wastewater in the wastewater storage tank 61 is then pumped to the integrated filter column 62 for filtration. In some embodiments, the integrated filter column 62 includes multi-stage filter media. For example, the integrated filter column 62 includes a PP cotton filter element for intercepting and removing suspended solids and fine particulate matter from the wastewater. For example, the integrated filter column 62 includes a high-density activated carbon filter element for removing dissolved organic matter, some ions, and other trace harmful substances from the water. In some embodiments, the filtered treated water enters a clear water tank and is returned to the mixing device 1 by a circulation pump, for example, to the second feeder 12, to supply water to the mixing device 1.

[0065] In other embodiments, the cinnabar continuous water jetting device further includes a second clean water tank for supplying additional water to the mixing device 1. In this embodiment, the second clean water tank is connected to the second feeder 12, or the second clean water tank is connected to the mixing device 1 via a third feeder.

[0066] In one or more embodiments of this specification, the ultrasonic device 2 further includes a laser diffraction sensor and a controller 21. The laser diffraction sensor is used to acquire particle size information of the slurry within the ultrasonic device 2, and the controller 21 controls the number of ultrasonic cycles provided by the ultrasonic device 2 based on the particle size information. In some embodiments, when the particle size information is greater than a preset particle size, the number of ultrasonic cycles provided by the ultrasonic device 2 is increased.

[0067] In some embodiments, during a single cycle, the ultrasonic waves provided by the ultrasonic device 2 maintain a first frequency for a first time, monotonically increase from the first frequency to a second frequency, maintain the second frequency for a second time, and monotonically decrease from the second frequency to the first frequency.

[0068] In other embodiments, in a single cycle, the ultrasonic waves provided by the ultrasonic device 2 maintain a first frequency for a first time, monotonically increase from the first frequency to an intermediate frequency, maintain the intermediate frequency for an intermediate time, monotonically increase from the intermediate frequency to a second frequency, maintain the second frequency for a second time, and monotonically decrease from the second frequency to the first frequency.

[0069] In some other embodiments, in a single cycle, the ultrasonic waves provided by the ultrasonic device 2 maintain a first frequency for a first time, monotonically increase from the first frequency to an intermediate frequency, maintain the intermediate frequency for an intermediate time, monotonically increase from the intermediate frequency to a second frequency, maintain the second frequency for a second time, monotonically decrease from the second frequency to an intermediate frequency, maintain the intermediate frequency for an intermediate time, and monotonically decrease from the intermediate frequency to the first frequency, maintain the first frequency for a first time.

[0070] In one or more of the above embodiments, the monotonically increasing or monotonically decreasing state can be linearly increasing or linearly decreasing, or it can be other forms of monotonically increasing or monotonically decreasing state.

[0071] In some embodiments, if the particle size information obtained by the laser diffraction sensor and controller 21 is greater than a first preset value and less than a second preset value, the controller 21 extends the second time; if the particle size information is greater than the second preset value, the controller 21 extends the first time.

[0072] In one or more embodiments of this specification, the ultrasonic device 2 further includes a total dissolved solids sensor (TDS sensor), which is used to obtain the total dissolved solids value of the supernatant of the slurry in the ultrasonic device 2.

[0073] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structural flow of the cinnabar continuous water-flying device according to some embodiments of this specification. Figure 8 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the use of the cinnabar continuous water-flying device according to some embodiments of this specification. See also... Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, in one or more embodiments of this specification, the method of using the cinnabar continuous water-flying device can be implemented by process 100. In some embodiments, process 100 may include the following steps.

[0074] Step 110: The cinnabar raw material is fed into the pretreatment device 4 and screened by the vibrating screen 43 to obtain cinnabar fine powder with qualified particle size.

[0075] Step 120: Fine cinnabar powder enters the mixing device 1 through the first feeder 11, and water enters the mixing device 1 through the second feeder 12 and / or the third feeder to mix the fine cinnabar powder and water to obtain the initial slurry.

[0076] Step 130: Place the initial slurry in the ultrasonic device 2, and provide the initial slurry with ultrasonic waves of periodically changing frequency through the ultrasonic device 2.

[0077] Step 140: Place the ultrasonically treated slurry into the solid-liquid separation device 3 to obtain cinnabar concentrated slurry.

[0078] Step 150: Dry the concentrated cinnabar slurry to obtain the finished cinnabar product.

[0079] In some embodiments, in step 130, the initial slurry is placed in the ultrasonic device 2, and the ultrasonic device 2 provides the initial slurry with ultrasonic waves of periodically changing frequency. This includes providing the initial slurry with ultrasonic waves of periodically changing frequency for a preset ultrasonic treatment time through the ultrasonic device 2, obtaining the particle size information of the slurry in the ultrasonic device 2 through a laser diffraction sensor, and if the particle size information is less than or equal to a preset particle size, proceeding to step 140; if the particle size information is greater than the preset particle size, increasing the number of cycles of ultrasonic waves provided by the ultrasonic device 2 or extending the preset ultrasonic treatment time.

[0080] In some embodiments, in step 150, drying the cinnabar concentrate to obtain the cinnabar finished product includes: vacuum filtering the cinnabar concentrate through the vacuum filtration module 51 to obtain cinnabar wet powder, and drying the cinnabar wet powder through the vacuum drying chamber 52 to obtain the cinnabar finished product.

[0081] Figure 9 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the design method for the ultrasonic treatment parameters of the cinnabar continuous water-flying device according to some embodiments shown in this specification. See also... Figure 9 As shown, in one or more embodiments of this specification, the method for designing the ultrasonic processing parameters of the cinnabar continuous water-flying device can be implemented by process 200. In some embodiments, process 200 may include the following steps.

[0082] Step 210: Set the initial ultrasonic processing parameters for ultrasonic device 2.

[0083] Step 220: The ultrasonic device 2 performs ultrasonic treatment on the initial slurry based on the initial ultrasonic treatment parameters. During the ultrasonic treatment, the TDS value of the upper clear liquid of the slurry inside the ultrasonic device 2 is obtained at several processing time points.

[0084] Step 230: Obtain the inflection point where the growth rate of TDS value slows down based on the TDS value-time curve.

[0085] Step 240: Based on the processing time point at which the TDS value growth rate slows down, obtain the ultrasonic processing parameters corresponding to that processing time point.

[0086] In some embodiments, in step 210, the initial ultrasonic processing parameters include the number of cycles, a first frequency, a first time, a second frequency, and a second time.

[0087] In some embodiments, in step 220, the ultrasonic device 2 performs ultrasonic treatment on the initial slurry based on the initial ultrasonic treatment parameters, which includes: the ultrasonic device 2 provides ultrasonic waves with a periodically changing frequency to the initial slurry based on the initial ultrasonic treatment parameters.

[0088] In some embodiments, in step 220, the total dissolved solids value of the supernatant of the slurry in the ultrasonic device 2 is obtained by a total dissolved solids sensor.

[0089] In some embodiments, in step 220, several processing time points include the time point at the end of one or more cycles of the ultrasonic waves provided by the ultrasonic device 2 (at 2π).

[0090] In some embodiments, in step 220, several processing time points include time points when the ultrasonic waves provided by the ultrasonic device 2 are at the second frequency (π) in one or more cycles.

[0091] In some embodiments, in step 230, obtaining the inflection point where the growth rate of the TDS value slows down based on the TDS value-time curve includes: obtaining the time point at which the second derivative of the TDS value-time curve changes from positive to negative, and the TDS value-time point at this time point is the inflection point, which is the processing time point in step 240.

[0092] In some embodiments, in step 230, obtaining the inflection point where the TDS value growth rate slows down based on the TDS value-time curve includes: obtaining the TDS value-time curve, smoothing the TDS value-time curve, calculating the first derivative of TDS with time based on the smoothed TDS value-time curve to obtain the first derivative curve, which characterizes the rate of change of TDS per unit time, obtaining the second derivative curve based on the first derivative curve, obtaining the time point at which the second derivative changes from positive to negative, and the TDS value-time point at this time point is the inflection point, which is the processing time point in step 240.

[0093] In some embodiments, in step 240, obtaining the ultrasonic processing parameters corresponding to the processing time point includes obtaining the first frequency, first time, second frequency, and second time corresponding to the processing time point (the first frequency, first time, second frequency, and second time are the same as the initial ultrasonic processing parameters), and using the processing time point as the ultrasonic processing time or using the number of cycles corresponding to the processing time point as the number of ultrasonic processing cycles.

[0094] In some other embodiments, in step 230, obtaining the inflection point where the TDS value growth rate slows down based on the TDS value-time curve includes: if the growth rate of the TDS value at two consecutive processing time points is less than a preset growth rate (e.g., 5%), the TDS value-time point at the previous processing time point is the inflection point, and this time point is the processing time point in step 240.

[0095] In one or more of the above embodiments, the processing time point corresponding to the inflection point can be considered as the optimal ultrasonic processing time that balances processing efficiency and processing effect (i.e., the optimal processing duration under the conditions of the first frequency, the first time, the second frequency, and the second time).

[0096] In some application scenarios, process 200 can be used to obtain the optimal ultrasonic processing time for different first frequencies, first times, second frequencies, and second times.

[0097] In some use cases, process 200 can be a testing phase before the formal production phase, and the ultrasonic processing parameters obtained in this testing phase (such as the ultrasonic processing parameters obtained in step 240) can be used as the ultrasonic processing parameters for the formal production phase.

[0098] Figure 10 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the verification method for the ultrasonic treatment parameters of the cinnabar continuous water-flying device according to some embodiments of this specification. See also... Figure 10 As shown, in one or more embodiments of this specification, a method for verifying the ultrasonic processing parameters of a continuous water-flying cinnabar device can be implemented by process 300. In some embodiments, process 300 may include the following steps.

[0099] Step 310: During the formal production stage, when the initial cinnabar slurry is ultrasonically treated by the ultrasonic treatment device 2, the first sample of the upper clear liquid in the ultrasonic treatment device 2 is extracted.

[0100] Step 320: Obtain the TDS value of the first sample as the first value, and obtain the soluble mercury content of the first sample as the second value through inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, thus obtaining multiple paired data points including the first value and the second value.

[0101] Step 330: Establish an empirical relationship model between the first and second values.

[0102] Step 340: In the subsequent formal production stage, during the ultrasonic treatment of the initial cinnabar slurry by the ultrasonic treatment device 2, a second sample of the upper clear liquid in the ultrasonic treatment device 2 is extracted.

[0103] Step 350: Obtain the TDS value of the second sample as the first measured value, obtain the soluble mercury content of the second sample as the second measured value through inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and input the first measured value into the empirical relational model to obtain the predicted second value.

[0104] Step 360: Compare the measured second value with the predicted second value. If the error between the measured second value and the predicted second value is within the preset range, maintain the currently used ultrasonic processing parameters. If the error between the measured second value and the predicted second value exceeds the preset range, adjust the currently used ultrasonic processing parameters.

[0105] In some embodiments, samples of the supernatant from the ultrasonic treatment device 2 are randomly selected periodically (e.g., weekly or whenever a batch of key raw materials is changed) or within a certain number of production batches (e.g., every 50-100 batches) during the ultrasonic treatment process in the formal production phase. For the same sample, its TDS value (first value) is measured using an online total dissolved solids sensor on the ultrasonic treatment device 2, while its soluble mercury content (second value) is measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), thereby obtaining paired data points including the first and second values. An empirical relationship model between the first and second values ​​is established using statistical methods (such as multiple linear regression). For example, the predicted soluble mercury content (ppm) is calculated as a × TDS value (mg / L) + b.

[0106] In some embodiments, based on this empirical relationship model, the measured values ​​during the ultrasonic treatment process in the formal production stage are periodically verified. For example, after every several batches of production, samples of the supernatant from the ultrasonic treatment device 2 are randomly selected during the ultrasonic treatment process in the formal production stage. For the same sample, its TDS value (measured first value) is measured using an online total dissolved solids sensor on the ultrasonic treatment device 2, and its soluble mercury content (measured second value) is measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The measured first value is input into the empirical relationship model to obtain a predicted second value, and the measured second value and the predicted second value are compared. If the error between the measured second value and the predicted second value is within a preset range, it indicates that the quality of the cinnabar product obtained based on the currently used ultrasonic treatment parameters is stable and controllable. If the error between the measured second value and the predicted second value exceeds a preset range (e.g., 20%), it indicates that the currently used ultrasonic treatment parameters may need adjustment.

[0107] In some embodiments, if the error between the measured second value and the predicted second value exceeds a preset range, the ultrasonic processing parameters are re-obtained based on process 200, and the empirical relationship model is refitted and updated using the new ultrasonic processing parameters to ensure the accuracy of the prediction of the empirical relationship model.

[0108] The beneficial effects that the embodiments of this specification may bring include, but are not limited to: (1) providing a continuous water-flying device for cinnabar, which can replace the manual water-flying process and realize repeated grinding and washing of cinnabar; (2) the ultrasonic waves provided by the ultrasonic device to the initial slurry can simulate and realize strong grinding, fine washing, dispersion and activation; (3) the pretreatment device can provide cinnabar fine powder with qualified particle size to the mixing device; (4) the water treatment device can realize the recycling of the overflow liquid of the eddy sedimentation column and the backwash liquid of the vacuum filtration module; (5) the particle size information can be monitored in real time and the number of ultrasonic cycles can be adjusted by the laser diffraction sensor; (6) the inflection point of the TDS value growth rate from fast to slow can be obtained by the TDS value-time curve, thereby obtaining a better ultrasonic treatment time that balances the treatment efficiency and treatment effect; (7) providing a verification method to verify and adjust the ultrasonic treatment parameters in the formal production stage. It should be noted that different embodiments may produce different beneficial effects. In different embodiments, the beneficial effects that may be produced can be any one or a combination of the above, or any other possible beneficial effects.

[0109] The basic concepts have been described above. It is obvious that the detailed disclosure above is merely illustrative and does not constitute a limitation of this specification. Although not explicitly stated herein, various modifications, improvements, and corrections may be made to this specification by those skilled in the art. Such modifications, improvements, and corrections are taught in this specification and therefore remain within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments described herein.

Claims

1. A continuous water-flying device for cinnabar, characterized in that, include: A mixing device, an ultrasonic device connected to the mixing device, and a solid-liquid separation device connected to the ultrasonic device; The mixing device includes a mixing chamber, comprising a first feeder capable of supplying fine cinnabar powder into the mixing chamber, a second feeder capable of supplying water into the mixing chamber, and a vortex generator capable of mixing fine cinnabar powder and water to obtain an initial slurry. The ultrasonic device is capable of providing the initial slurry with ultrasonic waves of periodically varying frequencies. In a single cycle, the ultrasonic waves provided by the ultrasonic device monotonically increase from a first frequency to a second frequency and monotonically decrease from the second frequency back to the first frequency.

2. The cinnabar continuous water-flying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The pretreatment device includes: a feeding port, a negative pressure suction device located at the feeding port, and a vibrating screen; The discharge port of the pretreatment device is connected to the mixing device.

3. The cinnabar continuous water-flying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid-liquid separation device includes a vortex settling column, the upper part of which has an overflow port.

4. The cinnabar continuous water-flying device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: The drying device includes a vacuum filtration module and a vacuum drying chamber; The vacuum filtration module has a backwashing mechanism, and the backwashing mechanism has a backwash liquid discharge port.

5. The cinnabar continuous water-flying device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: A water treatment device, comprising: a wastewater storage tank, an integrated filter column connected to the wastewater storage tank, and a clean water tank connected to the integrated filter column; The wastewater storage tank is connected to the overflow port of the eddy current sedimentation column and / or the backwash liquid discharge port of the vacuum filtration module. The clean water tank is connected to the second feeder.

6. The cinnabar continuous water-flying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic device further includes a laser diffraction sensor and a controller. The laser diffraction sensor is used to acquire particle size information of the slurry in the ultrasonic device, and the controller controls the number of cycles of the ultrasonic waves provided by the ultrasonic device based on the particle size information.

7. The cinnabar continuous water-flying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic device is capable of intermittently providing ultrasonic waves to the initial slurry.

8. The cinnabar continuous water-flying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In a single cycle, the ultrasonic waves provided by the ultrasonic device maintain the first frequency for a first time, monotonically increase from the first frequency to the second frequency, maintain the second frequency for a second time, and monotonically decrease from the second frequency to the first frequency.

9. The cinnabar continuous water-flying device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The ultrasonic device further includes a laser diffraction sensor and a controller, wherein the laser diffraction sensor is used to acquire particle size information of the slurry within the ultrasonic device; If the particle size information is greater than a first preset value and less than a second preset value, the controller extends the second time; if the particle size information is greater than the second preset value, the controller extends the first time.

10. The cinnabar continuous water-flying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monotonically increasing frequency from the first frequency to the second frequency includes: linearly increasing the frequency from the first frequency to the second frequency; the monotonically decreasing frequency from the second frequency to the first frequency includes: linearly decreasing the frequency from the second frequency to the first frequency.

11. The cinnabar continuous water-flying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frequency-time curve of the ultrasonic wave provided by the ultrasonic device is a sine curve with a phase difference of π / 2.

12. The cinnabar continuous water-flying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first frequency ranges from 30 to 60 kHz, and the second frequency ranges from 90 to 120 kHz.

13. The cinnabar continuous water-flying device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The ultrasonic device further includes a total dissolved solids sensor, which is used to obtain the total dissolved solids value of the supernatant of the slurry in the ultrasonic device.

14. A method of using a continuous water-jetting device for cinnabar, characterized in that, include: The cinnabar raw material is fed into a pretreatment device, and the cinnabar raw material is screened by the vibrating screen of the pretreatment device to obtain cinnabar fine powder with qualified particle size. The fine cinnabar powder enters the mixing device through the first feeder, and the water enters the mixing device through the second feeder to mix the fine cinnabar powder and the water to obtain the initial slurry. The initial slurry is placed in an ultrasonic device, and ultrasonic waves with periodically changing frequencies are provided to the initial slurry through the ultrasonic device. The ultrasonically treated slurry was placed in a solid-liquid separation device to obtain concentrated cinnabar slurry; The concentrated cinnabar slurry is dried to obtain the finished cinnabar product.

15. A method for designing ultrasonic processing parameters for a continuous water-flying device for cinnabar, characterized in that, include: Set the initial ultrasonic processing parameters for the ultrasonic device; The ultrasonic device performs ultrasonic treatment on the initial slurry based on the initial ultrasonic treatment parameters. During the ultrasonic treatment process, the TDS value of the upper clear liquid of the slurry inside the ultrasonic device is obtained at several processing time points. The inflection point where the growth rate of TDS value slows down is obtained based on the TDS value-time curve; Based on the processing time point at which the TDS value growth rate slows down, the ultrasonic processing parameters corresponding to that processing time point are obtained.

16. A method for verifying the ultrasonic processing parameters of a continuous water-flying device for cinnabar, characterized in that, include: During the formal production stage, the first sample of the supernatant liquid in the ultrasonic treatment device is extracted during the ultrasonic treatment process of the initial cinnabar slurry. The TDS value of the first sample is obtained as the first value, and the soluble mercury content of the first sample is obtained by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry as the second value, resulting in multiple paired data points including the first value and the second value. Establish an empirical relationship model between the first value and the second value; In the subsequent formal production stage, during the process of ultrasonic treatment of the initial cinnabar slurry by the ultrasonic treatment device, a second sample of the upper clear liquid in the ultrasonic treatment device is extracted. The TDS value of the second sample is obtained as the first measured value, and the soluble mercury content of the second sample is obtained by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry as the second measured value. The first measured value is then input into the empirical relationship model to obtain the predicted second value. Compare the measured second value with the predicted second value. If the error between the measured second value and the predicted second value is within a preset range, then maintain the currently used ultrasonic processing parameters. If the error between the measured second value and the predicted second value exceeds the preset range, then adjust the currently used ultrasonic processing parameters. The ultrasonic treatment of the initial cinnabar slurry by the ultrasonic treatment device includes: the ultrasonic device providing the initial slurry with ultrasonic waves of periodically changing frequency.

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