Battery-replaceable modular energy storage system of new energy automobile, network and scheduling method

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery-replaceable modular energy storage system of a new energy automobile, a network and a scheduling method. The system comprises a shell, a supplementary power generation module, a modular battery bin assembly, a vehicle-mounted controller and a lossless mounting mechanism, wherein the modular battery bin assembly and the vehicle-mounted controller are arranged in the shell; the vehicle-mounted controller is provided with an external charging interface and is electrically connected with the supplementary power generation module and the modular battery compartment assembly; the lossless mounting mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the shell and is used for mounting the whole system on the new energy automobile; the modularized battery compartment assembly comprises a battery compartment box body fixed in the shell and a plurality of standardized battery units which can be independently plugged and unplugged; and a guide limiting groove and a composite electric connector which correspond to each standardized battery unit are arranged in the battery compartment box body. According to the invention, mode upgrading from fixed energy complementation to networked flexible battery replacement can be realized, and a complete system-level solution is provided for innovative business modes such as battery leasing, capacity subscription and vehicle-to-power grid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy vehicle technology, and in particular to a swappable modular energy storage system, network, and scheduling method for new energy vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] With the deepening of the global energy transition, electric vehicles (EVs) have become a key direction for sustainable development in the transportation sector. However, range anxiety and insufficient charging infrastructure remain the core bottlenecks restricting their large-scale adoption. To alleviate range anxiety, the current mainstream solution in the industry is to increase the capacity of onboard power batteries, but this directly leads to a significant increase in vehicle cost and weight, and places higher demands on resource consumption and safety, forming a triangular contradiction of "performance-cost-weight".

[0003] Against this backdrop, integrating photovoltaic (PV) power generation modules onto vehicle surfaces (especially the roof) to construct rooftop solar power systems that convert solar energy into electricity is considered an effective and sustainable range supplementation solution. Furthermore, wind power is also a potential supplemental energy source when the vehicle is driving or parked in open areas. Currently, such systems typically add a separate, low-power power generation and storage unit to the vehicle. The typical architecture involves PV panels and wind turbine modules converting solar and wind energy into electricity, which is then stored in an integrated, fixed-mount battery pack after passing through a power optimizer. This battery pack is usually connected to the vehicle's 12V low-voltage system or high-voltage battery system to power low-voltage loads or supplement a small amount of high-voltage battery power.

[0004] However, this integrated fixed battery pack design has the following problems in actual use: 1. The energy storage unit is deeply integrated with the rooftop system, with a fixed and inseparable capacity. Users cannot flexibly increase or decrease the vehicle's solar energy storage capacity according to different travel scenarios such as daily commutes and long-distance trips, resulting in either insufficient or redundant and wasteful configuration.

[0005] 2. As chemical devices, batteries have a performance degradation cycle. When the performance of energy storage batteries deteriorates, users have to replace the entire expensive battery pack, resulting in high maintenance costs. At the same time, in the face of rapidly iterating battery technologies (such as increased energy density and decreased costs), existing systems cannot undergo low-cost, modular hardware upgrades, locking users into outdated technologies.

[0006] 3. The high cost of batteries is directly passed on to consumers, raising the initial purchase threshold for vehicles or optional packages and inhibiting market acceptance. The value of the battery is purchased off in a one-time transaction during the vehicle's lifespan, failing to be transformed into a recyclable asset.

[0007] Furthermore, the current energy replenishment ecosystem for electric vehicles, whether relying on fixed high-power charging piles for "charging" or centralized battery swapping stations for "battery swapping," is essentially still based on the physical combination of "the car is the car, and the battery is the battery" and the passive energy replenishment logic of "people finding energy." Even in supplementary solutions like rooftop solar panels, the energy storage units are fixed to individual vehicles, forming isolated "energy islands." This isolation leads to the following problems: First, the massive battery resources scattered across various vehicles or potential distributed sites lack a unified physical interface standard, digital identity, and network access platform, making it impossible to form an interconnected and transparent "energy network." Users cannot conveniently obtain, reserve, and use available, standardized energy storage resources as easily as they can obtain the location information of shared bicycles or charging stations, rendering the "flexible energy replenishment" experience impossible.

[0008] Secondly, because resources cannot be effectively aggregated and intelligently scheduled, innovative services based on "vehicle-battery separation," such as battery leasing, flexible battery swapping, and on-demand energy storage subscriptions, are difficult to scale up. More importantly, these dispersed energy storage units cannot function as a coordinated whole to participate in grid peak shaving, valley filling, or frequency regulation services, thus completely burying their enormous social value and economic potential in building distributed virtual energy storage networks.

[0009] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an innovative technical solution to fundamentally solve the problems of modularization, standardization, and network access of energy storage units. Summary of the Invention

[0010] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a swappable modular energy storage system for new energy vehicles. Through hardware modularization and standardized, transferable battery cell design, combined with vehicle-side intelligent management and a distributed photovoltaic-energy storage network at the cabinet level, it can provide users with a flexible and convenient energy replenishment experience. Furthermore, it can integrate dispersed battery resources into an intelligent energy storage network that can serve the power grid, thereby solving the problems of difficult maintenance of fixed battery packs, inability to adapt to demand, and rigid energy replenishment modes.

[0011] A swappable modular energy storage system for a new energy vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: shell; A supplementary power generation module, which is integrated into the outer surface of the housing or installed independently on the vehicle, is used to provide sustainable supplementary energy; the supplementary power generation module includes a flexible solar panel and / or a wind power generation module; A modular battery compartment assembly, wherein the modular battery compartment assembly is disposed inside the outer shell; The vehicle controller is located inside the housing and has an external charging interface that is electrically connected to the supplementary power generation module and the modular battery compartment assembly. A non-destructive installation mechanism is provided at the bottom of the housing and is used to install the entire system onto a new energy vehicle; The modular battery compartment assembly includes a battery compartment housing fixed inside the outer shell and multiple independently pluggable standardized battery units. The battery compartment housing is provided with guide and limiting grooves and composite electrical connectors corresponding to each standardized battery unit.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the wind power generation module is a small vertical axis wind turbine, which is installed on the windward side of the housing or on the top of the vehicle.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the vehicle controller is configured to dynamically select, based on wind speed, wind direction, and sunlight conditions, to prioritize the use of wind power generation modules or flexible solar panels for energy harvesting.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the standardized battery cell is a blade-shaped battery cell, and the blade-shaped battery cell contains a sealed housing encapsulating a battery cell and a battery management submodule.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, a common DC bus and a communication bus are integrated inside the battery compartment; after all the blade-shaped battery cells are inserted, their power output terminals are connected in parallel to the common DC bus, and their battery management submodules are connected to the communication bus.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the vehicle controller performs independent identification, status monitoring and power distribution control for each blade-shaped battery cell.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, the rear of the outer casing, at a position opposite to the modular battery compartment assembly, is provided with an openable quick-release battery compartment door.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, the vehicle controller is configured to perform the following energy management logic: Energy harvesting path: According to user settings, the flexible solar panels are controlled to store the generated electrical energy into the modular battery compartment assembly; Energy output path: Based on the vehicle's operating status and user settings, the system controls the replenishment of electrical energy stored in the modular battery compartment assembly to the vehicle's power battery. The replenishment operation includes an automatic static replenishment mode when the vehicle is off and a dynamic replenishment mode that requires user confirmation while the vehicle is in motion.

[0019] This invention also proposes a vehicle-cabinet collaborative network based on the above-mentioned swappable modular energy storage system, which further includes: Multiple distributed wind-solar-storage-battery swapping integrated cabinets, each of which includes a cabinet body, a wind-solar hybrid power generation component, multiple standardized charging compartments for accommodating and connecting the standardized battery units, a cabinet-end controller, and a user interface; A cloud-based operation platform, which is communicatively connected to each of the vehicle-mounted controllers, each of the cabinet-side controllers, and the user terminals; The standardized battery unit is configured to be physically transferred and data synchronized between the battery compartment and the standardized charging compartment of the integrated wind, solar, energy storage and battery swapping cabinet.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present invention, the composite electrical connector of the battery compartment housing and the electrical connection interface of the standardized charging compartment are fully compatible in terms of physical structure, electrical parameters and communication protocols.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present invention, the cabinet-side controller is configured to: prioritize the use of electrical energy generated by the local wind-solar hybrid power generation components to charge the battery units inside the cabinet, and manage the charging queue based on the scheduling instructions of the cloud operation platform.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present invention, the cloud operation platform is configured as follows: Real-time monitoring of the status of all battery cells in the network, and health assessment and demand forecasting; In response to a battery swapping request initiated by a user terminal, the system matches and locates the target battery cell and swapping station based on an algorithm model. Based on battery status and network requirements, generate task instructions for charging, maintenance, or physical transfer across cabinet locations.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present invention, the integrated wind-solar-storage-swapping cabinet also integrates a bidirectional converter, which is used to feed the battery power aggregated in the cabinet into the grid under the grid command, so as to form a virtual power plant node.

[0024] This invention also proposes an energy management and battery scheduling method applied to the above-mentioned vehicle-cabinet collaborative network, comprising the following steps: S1. The cloud-based operation platform aggregates battery status data from both the vehicle and the cabinet. S2. In response to the user terminal's battery swapping request, the cloud operation platform uses algorithms to match and lock the target battery unit and charging station, and pushes information to the user terminal. S3. Authorized users complete battery retrieval and placement operations at the target counter, and the corresponding counter controller and vehicle controller update the local battery status and synchronize it to the cloud operation platform. S4, the cloud-based operation platform triggers subsequent charging, maintenance, or allocation tasks based on the latest battery status and overall network demand.

[0025] The present invention also proposes a new energy vehicle equipped with the above-mentioned swappable modular energy storage system.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present invention, the new energy vehicle is also connected to the aforementioned vehicle-cabinet collaborative network.

[0027] The swappable modular energy storage system, vehicle-cabinet collaborative network, and intelligent scheduling method provided by this invention offer the following advantages compared to existing technologies: First, the modular battery units used in this invention support hot-swapping within minutes, making battery maintenance and replacement as simple as replacing an appliance battery, greatly reducing maintenance and time costs throughout the entire lifecycle. Users can flexibly increase or decrease the number of battery units in the vehicle according to different needs for daily commuting and long-distance travel, realizing personalized and on-demand configuration of energy storage capacity. At the same time, this design gives the system continuous "lifespan," allowing users to upgrade the range and performance of the entire energy storage system at extremely low cost by replacing them with standardized battery units with higher energy density and newer technology, effectively avoiding the overall obsolescence of equipment due to technological iteration.

[0028] Secondly, the ultra-thin streamlined shell and non-destructive installation mechanism design of the vehicle energy storage system enable it to perfectly adapt to the diverse external spaces available on the roof and rear of new energy vehicles without damaging the original shape and aerodynamic performance of the vehicle, thus achieving broad vehicle compatibility.

[0029] Third, by integrating flexible solar panels and wind power modules, a wind-solar hybrid power generation system is formed, significantly improving the spatial and temporal coverage of energy collection and all-weather power generation capability. The onboard controller can intelligently schedule the two power generation modes according to environmental conditions, maximizing the utilization efficiency of renewable energy.

[0030] Fourth, by designing battery cells as standardized intelligent assets with completely unified physical interfaces, electrical specifications, and data protocols, they become commodities that can be independently measured, traced, priced, and circulated. Combined with a widely deployed distributed network of wind, solar, energy storage, and battery swapping integrated cabinets and a cloud-based intelligent scheduling platform, efficient and safe circulation of battery assets between the "vehicle end" and the "cabinet end" has been successfully achieved. This provides a complete solution from physical vehicles and infrastructure to operating systems for innovative business models such as battery leasing, pay-per-use battery swapping, and mileage subscription, significantly reducing the initial vehicle purchase threshold and usage costs for users.

[0031] Fifth, integrated wind-solar-storage-battery swapping cabinets can be flexibly deployed in urban capillary nodes such as communities, shopping malls, and highway service areas, forming a high-coverage service network. Users can enjoy a "swap and go" energy replenishment experience through a mobile app, taking only a few minutes, completely eliminating range anxiety and long charging wait times. At the same time, the cabinet prioritizes using local photovoltaic power generation to charge the batteries, realizing green and localized energy production and consumption.

[0032] Fifth, at the vehicle level, the onboard controller, through deep integration with the vehicle's CAN bus, can perform automated and safe energy management, from intelligent solar energy harvesting to static / dynamic condition-based recharging, based on the vehicle's status (stationary / moving) and user settings. At the network level, users can complete the entire process from demand initiation and intelligent matching to offline battery swapping through a simple APP interaction, experiencing seamless energy services.

[0033] Sixth, the cloud-based operation platform, acting as a smart hub, aggregates real-time data from across the network to build a digital twin and runs health assessment, demand forecasting, and optimized scheduling algorithms. This not only matches optimal battery swapping resources to each user but also dynamically adjusts the distribution of battery assets across different service points from a global perspective, maximizing asset utilization and network operational efficiency.

[0034] Seventh, the massive distributed battery swapping cabinets and the standardized battery cells circulating within them, aggregated and coordinated through a cloud platform, can form a large-scale, rapidly responsive "virtual power plant." This network can participate in peak shaving, valley filling, and demand response according to grid commands, providing valuable flexibility resources for the power system, enhancing grid stability, and significantly improving the absorption capacity of intermittent renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power, resulting in significant social and environmental benefits.

[0035] Eighth, this invention transforms electric vehicles from simple energy-consuming units into mobile energy storage units capable of participating in energy network regulation, and establishes a complete asset operation system. This promotes the deep integration of the automotive industry, energy services, electricity market, and digital technology, providing an innovative technological path and business paradigm for building a clean, low-carbon, and intelligent new energy system. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the swappable modular energy storage system according to the present invention installed on the roof of a vehicle; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of the inner casing and the supplementary power generation module; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention, which only includes a flexible solar panel; Figure 4This is an exploded three-dimensional view of the modular battery compartment assembly in the vehicle system of this invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the battery compartment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of a single standardized blade-shaped battery cell of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the process of inserting the blade-shaped battery cell into the battery compartment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a block diagram illustrating the energy flow, information flow, and intelligent control principle of the vehicle-mounted system of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall architecture of the "vehicle-cabinet-cloud" three-layer battery swapping network system of the present invention; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the external three-dimensional structure of the integrated wind, solar, energy storage and battery swapping cabinet; Figure 11 A business sequence diagram for user battery swapping and cloud-based scheduling; Figure 12 This is a flowchart illustrating the scheduling method of the present invention.

[0037] In the picture: 100. Swappable modular energy storage system; 10. Outer shell; 11. Upper shell; 12. Lower shell; 13. Battery compartment door; 20. Supplemental power generation module; 21. Flexible solar panel; 22. Wind power generation module; 30. Modular battery compartment assembly; 31. Battery compartment housing; 311. Guide and limiting groove; 312. Locking part; 32. Battery cell; 321. Sealed housing; 322. Battery cell; 323. Battery management submodule; 324. Dating interface; 325. Status indicator light; 326. Locking mechanism; 33. Composite electrical connector; 34. Common DC busbar; 35. Communication bus; 40. Non-destructive installation mechanism; 50. Vehicle controller; 51. External charging interface; 60. Winding mechanism; 70. New energy vehicles; 200. Integrated wind-solar-storage-battery swapping cabinet; 201. Cabinet body; 202. Wind-solar hybrid power generation components; 203. User interface; 204. Charging compartment. Detailed Implementation

[0038] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0039] To facilitate understanding, before introducing the embodiments of this disclosure, several terms involved in the embodiments of this disclosure will be explained as follows: BMS: Battery Management System, specifically refers to the original equipment system in a vehicle used to manage its core power battery pack.

[0040] The following is for reference. Figures 1-12 A swappable modular energy storage system 100 for a new energy vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is described, comprising a housing 10, a supplementary power generation module 20, a modular battery compartment assembly 30, an on-board controller 50, and a non-destructive installation mechanism 40. The supplementary power generation module 20 is integrated into the outer surface of the housing 10 or independently installed on the vehicle, for providing sustainable supplementary energy. The supplementary power generation module 20 includes a flexible solar panel 21 and / or a wind power generation module 22. The modular battery compartment assembly 30 is disposed inside the housing 10. The on-board controller 50 is disposed inside the housing 10, and the on-board controller 50 is provided with an external charging interface 51 and is electrically connected to the supplementary power generation module 20 and the modular battery compartment assembly 30. The non-destructive installation mechanism 40 is disposed at the bottom of the housing 10 for mounting the entire system on the new energy vehicle. The modular battery compartment assembly 30 includes a battery compartment housing 31 fixed inside the housing 10 and multiple independently pluggable standardized battery units 32. The battery compartment housing 31 is provided with a guide limiting groove 311 corresponding to each standardized battery unit 32 and a composite electrical connector 33.

[0041] For example, the outer shell 10 has an ultra-thin streamlined structure, which can be assembled by bolting together an ultra-thin streamlined upper shell 11 and a lower shell 12. An annular sealing ring is pressed at the connection between the upper shell 11 and the lower shell 12 to achieve an IP67 level waterproof seal. The outer surface of the upper shell 11 is equipped with a flexible solar panel 21, and a small vertical axis wind power generation module 22 can be integrated into the front or side of the outer shell 10. The lower shell 12 has an internal frame and reinforcing ribs for support and fixation. The modular battery compartment assembly 30 is installed in the receiving space formed by the lower shell 12. Its battery compartment box 31 can be integrally injection molded from high-strength engineering plastics such as reinforced nylon PA66 or polycarbonate PC. The battery compartment box 31 has multiple parallel guide limiting grooves 311. A standardized composite electrical connector 33 is installed at the end of each guide limiting groove 311. The composite electrical connector 33 integrates a high-current power terminal and a multi-pin communication terminal, and has blind mating and self-locking functions. Multiple standardized battery units 32 can be installed one-to-one within the guide limiting grooves 311. The vehicle controller 50 is also installed within the receiving space formed by the lower housing 12 and is electrically connected to the flexible solar panel 21, wind power generation module 22, and modular battery compartment assembly 30. Specifically, the vehicle controller 50 is connected to each composite electrical connector 33 to store the electrical energy collected by the flexible solar panel 21 in each standardized battery unit 32 within the modular battery compartment assembly 30. The external charging interface 51 of the vehicle controller 50 is a waterproof charging socket integrating AC slow charging and DC fast charging sockets, installed inside the waterproof hatch on the side of the lower housing 12. There can be four sets of non-destructive installation mechanisms 40, symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the housing 10. The entire system can be installed on external areas of new energy vehicles with flat mounting surfaces, such as the roof or rear, using the four sets of non-destructive installation mechanisms 40. The non-destructive installation mechanisms 40 can have snap-fit ​​parts that mate with the mounting surfaces on the vehicle body for quick installation and removal.

[0042] Understandably, regardless of whether the vehicle is stationary or in motion, the flexible solar panel 21 integrated on the surface of the outer casing 10, along with the wind power generation module 22, can continuously absorb solar and wind energy and convert it into electrical energy. This electrical energy is safely and efficiently stored within multiple independently pluggable standardized battery cells 32 in the battery compartment 31 via the onboard controller 50. These battery cells 32 are precisely positioned via guide limiting slots 311 and are electrically and data connected via composite electrical connectors 33, forming a flexibly configurable energy storage array. The onboard controller 50, acting as the system's brain, can connect to the vehicle's CAN bus to obtain real-time information such as vehicle speed and battery state of charge (SOC), thereby executing user-preset intelligent energy management strategies. Simultaneously, the system adopts a modular design, allowing users to flexibly increase or decrease the number of battery cells 32 according to different needs such as daily commuting or long-distance travel, achieving personalized configuration of energy storage capacity. When battery technology iterates or the performance of existing cells degrades, users do not need to replace the entire system. They only need to replace it with a new generation of standardized battery cells 32 to achieve a low-cost range upgrade, greatly enhancing the product's lifecycle value and usage flexibility. In addition to relying on solar and wind power, the system can also draw power from the conventional power grid through the external charging interface 51 of the onboard controller 50 to charge each battery cell 32, ensuring energy storage even when wind and solar resources are insufficient. Moreover, the standardized battery cell 32 design lays the foundation for a "vehicle-battery separation" business model. These cells can serve as circulating assets, compatible with a distributed wind-solar-storage-swapping integrated network in the future. Users can quickly swap for fully charged batteries at service points, achieving "swap and go," while the replaced batteries can be charged using photovoltaic or off-peak electricity within the cabinet, forming a highly efficient energy recycling network.

[0043] Therefore, a dedicated automatic winding mechanism assembly can also be installed inside the housing 10. This assembly includes a winding mechanism 60 and a cable wound around the winding mechanism 60. The winding mechanism 60 is installed inside the lower housing 12, and the free end of the cable is connected to a plug for connecting to the vehicle's OBD-II port or a reserved CAN interface. When it is necessary to connect the system to the vehicle, the user pulls the cable from the housing 10 onto the winding mechanism 60. The spring motor inside the winding mechanism 60 is stretched and charged, and the cable is smoothly pulled out to the required length to connect to the vehicle's CAN interface. The slip ring of the winding mechanism 60 ensures that the electrical connection remains continuous and the signal is uninterrupted throughout the entire process of pulling out and retracting the cable. After the connection is established, the vehicle controller 50 can communicate bidirectionally with the vehicle's CAN bus via the cable, read the vehicle status in real time (such as vehicle speed, gear position, power battery SOC, whether charging is allowed, etc.), and send its own status (such as output power, fault codes, etc.) to the vehicle network. After use, the user unplugs the plug from the vehicle interface. At this time, the pre-tensioned spring motor inside the winding mechanism 60 automatically rotates, smoothly and orderly retracting the cable to the designated position inside the housing 10 and locking it, thus preventing the cable from being dragged, tangled, worn, or exposed to the external environment.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, the wind power generation module 22 may be a small vertical axis wind turbine, the mounting base of which is integrated into the front or side windward surface of the housing 10. The output end of the generator is connected to the dedicated wind power generation input end of the vehicle controller 50 via a waterproof cable. The wind power generation control unit built into the vehicle controller 50 can monitor wind speed and generator speed, realize maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control, and convert unstable wind energy into stable DC power output.

[0045] In view of this, the vehicle controller 50 can also be configured to dynamically select whether to prioritize the use of the wind power generation module 22 or the flexible solar panel 21 for energy harvesting based on wind speed, wind direction and sunlight conditions.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present invention, the standardized battery unit 32 is a blade-shaped battery unit, which is a sealed housing 321 encapsulating a battery cell 322 and a battery management submodule 323. For example, the blade-shaped battery unit may include a hollow, elongated sealed housing 321 and a battery cell 322 and a battery management submodule 323 disposed inside the sealed housing 321, forming an independent, hot-swappable standardized energy block. The sealed housing 321 is made of engineering plastic, which can achieve lightweight and low cost while ensuring structural strength, facilitating mass production. One end of the sealed housing 321 is provided with a standardized docking interface 324 integrating power and communication contacts, and the other end is equipped with a status indicator light 325; the battery management submodule 323 is connected to the battery cell 322 and the status indicator light 325. The bottom of the sealed housing 321 is also provided with a locking mechanism 326 for locking the entire battery unit 32. Correspondingly, the guide limiting groove 311 is provided with a locking part 312 that cooperates with the locking mechanism 326. The locking mechanism 312 can be a standard small electromagnetic lock commonly used on the market. In the locked state, the locking tongue enters the locking part 326 at the bottom of the sub-battery module.

[0047] Understandably, when a user or mechanical device pushes the battery unit 32 into the guide groove 311 within the battery compartment 31, the locking mechanism 326 at the bottom of the housing automatically engages with the locking part 312 within the groove after reaching the predetermined position, physically securing the battery unit 32. Simultaneously, the docking interface 324 achieves a precise blind-plug connection with the composite electrical connector 33 within the compartment, instantly and automatically completing the connection of the high-current power channel and multiple communication signals. Upon completion of the physical and electrical connection, the battery management submodule 323 built into the battery unit 32 is immediately powered on and activated. The battery management submodule 323 first performs a self-test, reading key parameters such as cell voltage, temperature, and internal resistance of the unit, and connects to the vehicle controller 50 via the composite electrical connector 33 for independent management of the battery unit 32. Simultaneously, it controls the status indicator 325, visually displaying the operating status (e.g., ready, charging, or fault) to the user through color or flashing patterns.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present invention, a common DC bus 34 and a communication bus 35 are integrated within the battery compartment housing 31. After all blade-shaped battery cells are inserted, their power output terminals are connected in parallel to the common DC bus 34, and their battery management submodule 323 is connected to the communication bus 35. Specifically, a common DC bus 34 and a communication bus 35 are pre-embedded within the battery compartment housing 31. The power output terminals of each battery cell 32 are directly connected in parallel to the pre-embedded common DC bus 34 within the battery compartment housing 31 via a composite electrical connector 33. Simultaneously, the built-in battery management submodule 323 is instantaneously connected to the communication bus 35 within the battery compartment housing 31 via the communication pins of the same connector.

[0049] Understandably, the moment the physical connection of battery cell 32 is completed, its power output terminal is directly connected in parallel to the pre-fabricated common DC bus 34 inside the battery compartment 31 via the composite electrical connector 33. At this point, the battery cell 322 of this unit is electrically connected in parallel with all other inserted battery cells 32 in the system, jointly constructing a DC energy storage pool with uniform voltage and stackable capacity. Simultaneously, its built-in battery management submodule 323 is instantly connected to the communication bus 35 inside the compartment via the communication pins of the same connector. After power and communication are connected, the battery management submodule 323 immediately powers on and executes a self-test program. The battery management submodule 323 continuously and in real-time monitors all key parameters (voltage, current, temperature, SOC / SOH) of the battery cell 322 in this unit, and periodically or upon request reports this data to the vehicle controller 50 via the communication bus 35, achieving real-time communication with it.

[0050] Therefore, during charging, electrical energy from the flexible solar panel 21, wind power module 22, or external power source is regulated by the vehicle controller 50 and applied to the common DC bus 34. All battery cells 32 connected in parallel to this common DC bus 34 are charged simultaneously. The vehicle controller 50 sends precise current / voltage limit commands to the battery management submodules 323 of each cell via the communication bus 35. Each battery management submodule 323 independently manages its own cells, achieving parallel current sharing and active balancing to ensure that all cells are charged synchronously and healthily. During discharging, when the vehicle needs additional power, the vehicle controller 50 issues a command. All battery cells 32 connected in parallel to the common DC bus 34 simultaneously act as power sources, combining and outputting a powerful and stable DC current through the common DC bus 34. The vehicle controller 50 also coordinates the discharge power of each cell via the communication bus 35 to achieve intelligent load distribution.

[0051] It should be noted that each battery management submodule 323 is an independent safety guardian, strictly implementing its own thermal management and fault protection strategies (such as overcharge, over-discharge, over-temperature, and short-circuit protection). Any abnormality will send an alarm to the vehicle controller 50 via the communication bus 35, and can autonomously shut down the unit's output when necessary to achieve fault isolation and ensure overall system safety. When replacement or removal is required, the user releases the locking mechanism 326 and pulls the battery unit 32 out along the guide limiting groove 311. At this time, its connection with the common DC bus 34 and the communication bus 35 is automatically and safely disconnected.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present invention, the vehicle controller 50 performs independent identification, status monitoring, and power distribution control for each blade-shaped battery cell. Specifically, the battery management submodule 323 within the battery cell 32 can actively broadcast its unique identification code and initial status parameters to the vehicle controller 50 via the communication bus 35. The vehicle controller 50 then registers it in the management list, and the corresponding status indicator 325 illuminates, signifying successful connection.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present invention, the rear end of the outer casing 10, opposite to the modular battery compartment assembly 30, is provided with an openable quick-release battery compartment door 13. Specifically, the rear end of the lower casing 12 is provided with a waterproof and sealed battery compartment door, which allows for the installation or replacement of the entire modular battery compartment assembly 30 or a specific battery power source by opening and closing the quick-release battery compartment door.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present invention, the vehicle controller 50 may be configured to perform the following energy management logic: Energy harvesting path: Based on user settings and real-time environmental monitoring data (such as sunlight and wind speed), control the flexible solar panel 20 and / or wind power generation module 22 to store the generated electrical energy into the modular battery compartment assembly 30; Energy output path: Based on the vehicle's operating status and user settings, the system controls the replenishment of the electrical energy stored in the modular battery compartment assembly 30 to the vehicle's power battery. The replenishment operation includes an automatic static replenishment mode when the vehicle is off and a dynamic replenishment mode that requires user confirmation while the vehicle is in motion.

[0055] For example, the vehicle controller 50, as the control core of the system, can integrate an MPPT controller (for solar and wind power), an AC-DC / DC-DC charging module, a main control MCU, a CAN bus transceiver, and a wireless communication module (such as 4G / Bluetooth). The MPPT controller is specifically designed to maximize the output power of the tracking flexible solar panel 21 and the wind power generation module 22, ensuring optimal energy input under any wind and solar conditions. The AC-DC / DC-DC charging module, as the core actuator for energy conversion, is mainly responsible for converting AC grid power to DC power through the external charging interface 51; the DC-DC module is responsible for bidirectional, controllable conversion between different DC voltage levels (such as boosting the 48V from the battery compartment to the 400V of the vehicle's power battery for supplemental charging). The main control MCU, as the computing and control center, runs a complete set of hierarchical intelligent control algorithms, processes all input signals, and generates control commands. The CAN bus transceiver is the interface for deep interaction with the vehicle, responsible for real-time and reliable transmission and reception of key information and commands on the vehicle's CAN network. The wireless communication module serves as a bridge connecting the cloud operation platform and user terminals (such as mobile apps), enabling remote monitoring, software upgrades, policy distribution, and user interaction. The vehicle controller 50 continuously monitors the output voltage and current of the flexible solar panel 21 and the wind power generation module 22, interacts with the vehicle network via cables to obtain key information such as vehicle speed, gear position, and power battery SOC, and reads the real-time status (SOC, temperature, and health status) of each blade-shaped battery unit from the battery management submodule 323 via the communication bus 35.

[0056] Understandably, the energy harvesting path is primarily as follows: The vehicle controller 50 continuously monitors the output voltage and current of the flexible solar panel 21 and the wind power generation module 22. Simultaneously, it acquires the vehicle's status (e.g., whether the engine is off) via the vehicle's CAN bus and reads the real-time status (SOC, temperature, health status) from the battery management submodule 323 of each blade-shaped battery unit via the communication bus 35. It then determines whether the user has issued a special instruction such as "pause harvesting" or "prioritize direct charging of the vehicle." If no special instruction is given, the default harvesting state is entered. The MPPT controller within the vehicle controller 50 begins operation, adjusting the operating point of the solar panel and / or wind power generator in real time to ensure it can output the maximum possible power under any wind and solar conditions. Simultaneously, it analyzes the overall status of the modular battery compartment assembly 30 in real time, checks the voltage of the common DC bus 34, and determines whether all parallel battery units 32 are in a safe charging state (e.g., SOC not full, temperature within a safe range). When conditions are met, the vehicle controller 50 delivers the MPPT-optimized DC power to the common DC bus 34 via power switching devices, and all blade-shaped battery cells connected in parallel to the common DC bus 34 simultaneously begin charging. At this time, the vehicle controller 50 sends unified charging parameters (such as target voltage and maximum current) to the battery management submodule 323 of each battery cell 32 via the communication bus 35. Each battery management submodule 323 is responsible for managing the balancing of its own cells, ensuring safe and efficient charging. The entire charging process is data-transparent, and the vehicle controller 50 can monitor the progress of each battery cell 32 in real time.

[0057] The energy output path is divided into two scenarios: static automatic charging and dynamic authorized charging. Static automatic charging refers to the on-board controller 50 automatically supplying energy from the energy storage units (i.e., each battery cell 32, hereinafter the same) to the vehicle's power battery when the vehicle is turned off and parked and the power battery's SOC is below a set threshold. Dynamic authorized charging refers to the on-board controller 50 safely replenishing the power battery with stored energy only after obtaining user authorization during vehicle operation if the power battery's charge is too low or faces high load demands, in order to extend range or improve performance.

[0058] Specifically, the static charging process is as follows: The vehicle controller 50 continuously monitors the vehicle status via the CAN bus, confirming that the vehicle is in a stationary state (engine off, in P gear), reads the user-preset static charging threshold, and obtains the SOC value of the vehicle's power battery in real time. When the vehicle's SOC is less than the user-set static charging threshold, it automatically generates a decision command to perform static charging. In other words, once all conditions are met, the vehicle controller 50 automatically starts the charging process. It first determines a safe charging voltage and current with the vehicle's BMS via the CAN bus. Then, it controls the DC-DC converter to draw power from the common DC bus 34 (powered by all parallel battery cells 32) and converts it to a voltage level that meets the requirements of the vehicle's power battery. Electrical energy is safely injected into the vehicle's power battery through a dedicated line. The entire process is quiet and automatic, requiring no user intervention, just like a charging station charging the vehicle at night.

[0059] The dynamic charging process is as follows: The vehicle controller 50 confirms that the vehicle is in a driving or READY state via the CAN bus and continuously receives a "permit external charging" hardwire or CAN signal from the vehicle's VCU (Vehicle Control Unit). Simultaneously, the vehicle has no serious fault codes, the real-time SOC of the vehicle's power battery is lower than the user-set "dynamic charging threshold" (this threshold is usually lower than the static threshold), or the system detects that the vehicle is under continuous high load (such as a long uphill climb). Furthermore, explicit confirmation from the user is obtained. The vehicle controller 50 initiates dynamic charging only when all the above conditions are met. The vehicle controller 50 communicates with the vehicle's BMS at high speed and dynamically via the CAN bus, dynamically adjusting the charging power according to real-time vehicle conditions (such as accelerator pedal opening and motor power demand) to ensure seamless integration of charging behavior with vehicle driving needs and without impacting the driving experience. The charging energy also comes from the parallel modular battery compartments. In this mode, the vehicle controller 50 may need to more finely schedule the discharge power of different battery cells 32 to meet the vehicle's transient needs. If any of the above conditions are not met, the process is immediately terminated.

[0060] This invention also discloses a vehicle-cabinet collaborative network based on the aforementioned swappable modular energy storage system. In addition to the energy storage system, it includes a cloud-based operation platform and multiple distributed wind-solar-energy storage-swapping integrated cabinets 200. Each integrated cabinet 200 includes a cabinet body 201, a wind-solar hybrid power generation component 202, multiple standardized charging compartments 204 for housing and connecting standardized battery units 32, a cabinet-side controller, and a user interface 203. The cloud-based operation platform communicates with each vehicle-mounted controller 50, each cabinet-side controller, and the user terminal. The standardized battery units 32 are configured to physically transfer and synchronize data between the battery compartment body 31 and the standardized charging compartments 204 of the integrated wind-solar-energy storage-swapping cabinet.

[0061] Understandably, the entire battery cell 32 can be removed or replaced from the guide limiting slot 311. Once removed, it becomes an independent asset with its status data fully encapsulated, and the full lifecycle data (cycle count, historical performance, health status) recorded by the internal battery management submodule 323 moves with it. This standardized design allows it to be seamlessly inserted into the standardized charging compartment of any compatible wind-solar-storage-swapping integrated cabinet (which also has a parallel bus and communication bus 35 architecture). The cabinet can immediately identify its identity and status and charge, maintain, or put it back into circulation.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present invention, the cloud operation platform may be configured as follows: Real-time monitoring of the status of all 32 battery cells in the network, performing health assessments and demand forecasts; In response to a battery swapping request initiated by a user terminal, the system matches and locks the target battery cell 32 and the swapping station based on an algorithm model. Based on battery status and network requirements, generate task instructions for charging, maintenance, or physical transfer across cabinet locations.

[0063] Specifically, this swapping service network architecture is based on the digital asset circulation of standardized battery units 32, constructing a smart energy Internet of Things system consisting of a three-layer structure: First layer: Vehicle end layer As the terminal nodes of the network, the system comprises multiple new energy vehicles equipped with the aforementioned standardized battery units 32. The vehicles perform two core functions through the onboard controller 50: first, acting as mobile energy storage units, they consume the energy stored in the battery units 32 to replenish the vehicle's range; second, acting as the initiator of network service requests (i.e., end users), they can submit energy replenishment requests to the cloud-based operating platform via wireless communication. Every insertion or removal of the battery unit 32 at the vehicle level triggers identity verification and status synchronization, ensuring the traceability of asset transfers.

[0064] Second layer: Countertop layer As the infrastructure layer of the network, a standardized service network is formed by wind-solar-storage-battery swapping integrated cabinets 200 deployed in various scenarios. Each integrated cabinet integrates three major functional modules: First, the wind-solar hybrid power generation module 202 (3-5kW peak power) on the top of the cabinet serves as an energy production module, enabling localized green power generation; second, the internal standardized charging compartment matrix is ​​equipped with intelligent lock control, status monitoring, and communication units, which can simultaneously manage the charging, storage, and turnover of multiple battery units 32; third, user authentication and operation guidance can be achieved through touch screens, barcode scanners, etc., providing interactive services; the cabinet-end controller serves as the execution terminal for cloud commands, precisely controlling the charging and discharging process of each compartment.

[0065] Third layer: Cloud layer As the network's decision-making center, the cloud-based operations platform constructs a virtual image of the entire network's battery assets using digital twin technology. It also possesses the following functions: continuously evaluating the State of Health (SOH) of each battery cell 32 based on the battery's entire lifecycle data stream using machine learning algorithms; predicting the distribution of battery swapping demand in different regions and time periods by combining spatiotemporal big data analysis; matching the optimal battery swapping station and battery cell 32 in real time when a user request occurs, balancing response speed, asset quality, and service costs; and generating cross-regional battery allocation plans based on a global perspective to achieve dynamic balancing of network resources. The platform maintains millisecond-level data synchronization with all vehicle and station terminals through a high-concurrency communication architecture.

[0066] Understandably, when a vehicle-side user initiates a battery swapping request via a terminal, the cloud-based operation platform, based on real-time digital twins of the entire network's battery status, health assessments, and demand prediction models, matches and locks the optimal battery swapping station and the best-performing standardized battery unit 32 within that station within milliseconds. After arriving at the target battery swapping station, the user completes authorization through the interactive interface, retrieves the fully charged battery unit 32, and places the depleted battery unit from the vehicle into the charging compartment 204. At this point, the station controller immediately identifies the identity and status of the depleted battery unit and synchronizes it to the cloud. Simultaneously, it initiates localized intelligent energy replenishment based on instructions issued by the cloud. Meanwhile, based on the latest battery status and global network requirements, the cloud-based operation platform continuously generates and issues task instructions for cross-station allocation, maintenance, or participation in grid response, thereby driving a massive number of standardized battery units 32 to perpetually circulate between mobile vehicle-side devices and fixed station-side devices, forming a closed-loop network integrating energy replenishment, data synchronization, and asset circulation.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present invention, the composite electrical connector 33 of the battery compartment 31 and the electrical connection interface of the standardized charging compartment 204 are fully compatible in terms of physical structure, electrical parameters and communication protocol.

[0068] Understandably, the standardized battery cell 32, as the core carrier for circulation, is strictly uniform in terms of its external dimensions, nominal voltage (e.g., 48V), rated capacity, electrical interface definitions (positive and negative terminals, communication pins), and data communication protocols (e.g., based on CAN or a customized serial protocol). Its built-in battery management submodule 323 possesses a unique identifier (ID) and continuously records key data throughout its entire lifecycle, such as cumulative charging cycle counts, historical temperature profiles, and internal resistance changes. This ensures that the physical state and digital records of the battery cell 32 are seamlessly connected and fully synchronized when transferred between the vehicle and cabinet, providing complete traceability for every asset transfer.

[0069] In order to save power in the power grid, in some embodiments of the present invention, the cabinet controller can be configured to: give priority to using the power generated by the local wind-solar hybrid power generation components to charge the battery unit 32 in the cabinet, and manage the charging queue based on the scheduling instructions of the cloud operation platform.

[0070] Understandably, once the standardized battery unit 32 is placed in the charging compartment of the battery swapping cabinet and physically secured and electrically connected, the cabinet-side controller immediately wakes up the battery management submodule 323, reads its unique identifier and real-time status data, and synchronizes it to the cloud operation platform. Under the framework of cloud instructions (such as charging targets and priorities), the controller initiates a charging process prioritizing photovoltaic power generation. Through the communication bus 35, it collaborates with the battery BMS to precisely control the charging curve and dynamically respond to photovoltaic fluctuations and cloud instruction updates until the battery reaches the target capacity, at which point charging automatically terminates. Finally, the updated battery status is transmitted back to the cloud, completing this intelligent, green, and traceable asset replenishment closed loop.

[0071] In some embodiments of the present invention, the integrated wind-solar-storage-swapping cabinet also integrates a bidirectional converter, which is used to feed the battery power aggregated in the cabinet into the grid under the grid command, so as to form a virtual power plant node.

[0072] It is understood that the network architecture of this invention, through the integrated wind-solar-storage-swapping cabinet with bidirectional converters, upgrades distributed energy storage resources into virtual power plants capable of deep interaction with the power grid. Its core operation lies in the aggregation and scheduling capabilities of the cloud-based operation platform, and the specific operation method is as follows: When the cloud-based operation platform receives a peak-shaving (e.g., a request to provide 100kW of power support for 2 hours during the evening peak period) or demand response instruction from the power grid via a dedicated link, its virtual power plant dispatch module immediately activates. Based on real-time digital twin data from the entire network, it intelligently selects integrated cabinet clusters that meet the following criteria: geographical location, online equipment, sufficient capacity, battery average state of charge (SOC) meeting standards, and no scheduling conflicts (e.g., located in the instruction area, PCS online and with sufficient capacity, average SOC of batteries in the cabinet > 60%, and no impending user scheduling power conflicts). The cloud-based operation platform then issues precise aggregated discharge instructions and power allocation schemes to the cabinet controllers within the selected clusters. Each cabinet controller, acting as a local execution unit, coordinates and controls the controlled discharge of standardized battery cells 32 within its designated compartment and converts DC power into standard AC power via a bidirectional converter within the cabinet, safely feeding it into the low-voltage distribution network. Throughout the discharge process, the cloud-based operation platform continuously monitors the real-time status of all participating units and dynamically optimizes output to ensure that while meeting the grid regulation requirements, it strictly protects the safety of battery assets and the user's established battery swapping service commitments. This transforms massive, dispersed battery resources into stable and reliable grid-level flexible regulation capabilities, creating new revenue streams and significantly enhancing the grid's ability to absorb fluctuating renewable energy and its overall operational resilience.

[0073] This invention also proposes an energy management and battery scheduling method applied to the above-mentioned vehicle-cabinet collaborative network, comprising the following steps: S1. The cloud-based operation platform aggregates battery status data from both the vehicle and the cabinet. S2. In response to the user terminal's battery swapping request, the cloud operation platform matches and locks the target battery unit 32 and the charging compartment at the counter based on the algorithm, and pushes information to the user terminal. S3. Authorized users complete battery retrieval and placement operations at the target cabinet point, and the corresponding cabinet controller and vehicle controller 50 update the local battery status and synchronize it to the cloud operation platform. S4, the cloud-based operation platform triggers subsequent charging, maintenance, or allocation tasks based on the latest battery status and overall network demand.

[0074] It is understandable that the energy management and battery scheduling process of the entire vehicle-cabinet collaborative network is a closed-loop operation chain with the cloud platform as the intelligent hub and the vehicle and cabinet as collaborative execution nodes. The specific process is as follows: Step 1: Network-wide Perception and Demand Triggering: The cloud platform continuously aggregates real-time battery status data from all vehicle-mounted controllers 50 and cabinet-level controllers, building and maintaining a precise digital twin of the entire network's assets. The process is immediately activated when a user initiates a battery swap request via the terminal app.

[0075] Step Two: Intelligent Matching and Resource Locking: The cloud platform invokes an advanced scheduling algorithm to comprehensively analyze the user's real-time location, destination preferences, battery inventory (SOC distribution, SOH classification) at each candidate battery swapping station, real-time traffic conditions, and historical battery swapping patterns within milliseconds. This process matches and locks the optimal battery swapping station and the specific optimal battery cell 32 within that station for the user. The matching results (including navigation information) are pushed to the user's app in real time, and the target battery is marked as "reserved" in the cloud.

[0076] Step 3: Offline Fulfillment and Asset Handover: After arriving at the target battery swapping station, the user completes identity authentication by scanning a QR code or entering a verification code via the app. Once the cloud-based operations platform verifies the identity, it sends an unlock command to the station's controller. The controller then unlocks the designated battery compartment and illuminates the indicator light. The user removes the fully charged battery unit 32 and inserts it into their vehicle's battery compartment. The vehicle controller 50 automatically identifies the battery ID and reads key data, simultaneously reporting the "battery installation" event and vehicle information to the cloud in real time, thus completing the binding of the asset and the vehicle.

[0077] Step 4, Low-Energy Recovery and Status Synchronization: The user places the original low-energy battery unit 32 from the vehicle into the empty compartment vacated by the battery swapping cabinet. The moment the compartment is closed, the cabinet controller automatically initiates the "onboarding" process: accurately reads the battery ID, measures its voltage, internal resistance, temperature, and estimates the return SOC, and synchronizes the complete "battery return" data package to the cloud platform in real time.

[0078] Step 5: Settlement, Strategy Generation, and Regeneration Scheduling: After receiving the returned data, the cloud platform automatically completes the billing and settlement. Simultaneously, based on the battery's latest status, inventory levels at all network counters, and future demand forecasting models, the scheduling system instantly generates the next optimization instruction for the battery and sends it to the counter. The instruction might be "Immediately initiate photovoltaic priority charging to the target SOC" or "Mark as an asset awaiting transfer, prepare for transfer to a high-demand area counter," thereby driving the battery unit 32 into the next charging, turnover, or transfer cycle.

[0079] The entire process described above achieves a fully automated closed loop, from user demand triggering to intelligent resource matching, offline asset exchange, real-time data synchronization, and finally, battery regeneration scheduling. This scheduling method, through cloud-based intelligent scheduling, transforms discrete battery cells 32 into standardized digital assets that can be efficiently circulated within the network. This not only makes it convenient for users to replenish their energy but also maximizes the utilization rate of battery resources across the entire network and optimizes the spatiotemporal allocation of energy (especially photovoltaic green electricity).

[0080] The present invention also proposes a new energy vehicle equipped with the above-mentioned swappable modular energy storage system.

[0081] In some embodiments of the present invention, the new energy vehicle is also connected to the aforementioned vehicle-cabinet collaborative network.

[0082] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A swappable modular energy storage system for new energy vehicles, characterized in that, include: shell; A supplementary power generation module, which is integrated into the outer surface of the housing or installed independently on the vehicle, is used to provide sustainable supplementary energy; the supplementary power generation module includes a flexible solar panel and / or a wind power generation module; A modular battery compartment assembly, wherein the modular battery compartment assembly is disposed inside the outer shell; The vehicle controller is located inside the housing and has an external charging interface that is electrically connected to the supplementary power generation module and the modular battery compartment assembly. A non-destructive installation mechanism is provided at the bottom of the housing and is used to install the entire system onto a new energy vehicle; The modular battery compartment assembly includes a battery compartment box fixed inside the outer shell and multiple independently pluggable standardized battery units. The battery compartment box is provided with a guide limiting groove and a composite electrical connector corresponding to each of the standardized battery units.

2. The swappable modular energy storage system for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wind power generation module is a small vertical axis wind turbine, which is installed on the windward side of the casing or on the top of the vehicle.

3. The swappable modular energy storage system for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vehicle controller is configured to dynamically select whether to prioritize the use of wind power modules or flexible solar panels for energy harvesting based on wind speed, wind direction, and sunlight conditions.

4. The swappable modular energy storage system for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The standardized battery unit is a blade-shaped battery unit, and the blade-shaped battery unit contains a sealed housing encapsulating the battery cell and the battery management submodule.

5. The swappable modular energy storage system for new energy vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that, The battery compartment integrates a common DC bus and a communication bus; after all the blade-shaped battery units are inserted, their power output terminals are connected in parallel to the common DC bus, and their battery management submodules are connected to the communication bus.

6. The swappable modular energy storage system for new energy vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that, The vehicle controller performs independent identification, status monitoring, and power distribution control for each blade-shaped battery cell.

7. The swappable modular energy storage system for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear of the outer casing, opposite to the modular battery compartment assembly, is provided with an openable quick-release battery compartment door.

8. The swappable modular energy storage system for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The on-board controller is configured to execute the following energy management logic: Energy harvesting path: According to user settings, the flexible solar panels are controlled to store the generated electrical energy into the modular battery compartment assembly; Energy output path: Based on the vehicle's operating status and user settings, the system controls the replenishment of electrical energy stored in the modular battery compartment assembly to the vehicle's power battery. The replenishment operation includes an automatic static replenishment mode when the vehicle is off and a dynamic replenishment mode that requires user confirmation while the vehicle is in motion.

9. A vehicle-cabinet collaborative network constructed based on the swappable modular energy storage system according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Also includes: A wind-solar-storage-battery swapping integrated cabinet, wherein there are multiple wind-solar-storage-battery swapping integrated cabinets, each wind-solar-storage-battery swapping integrated cabinet includes a cabinet body, a wind-solar hybrid power generation component, multiple standardized charging compartments for accommodating and connecting the standardized battery units, a cabinet-end controller and a user interface; A cloud-based operation platform, which is communicatively connected to each of the vehicle-mounted controllers, each of the cabinet-side controllers, and the user terminals; The standardized battery unit is configured to be physically transferred and data synchronized between the battery compartment and the standardized charging compartment of the integrated wind, solar, energy storage and battery swapping cabinet.

10. The vehicle-cabinet collaborative network according to claim 9, characterized in that, The composite electrical connector of the battery compartment is fully compatible with the electrical connection interface of the standardized charging compartment in terms of physical structure, electrical parameters and communication protocol.

11. The vehicle-cabinet collaborative network according to claim 9, characterized in that, The cabinet-side controller is configured to prioritize the use of electricity generated by the local wind-solar hybrid power generation components to charge the battery units inside the cabinet, and to manage the charging queue based on the scheduling instructions of the cloud operation platform.

12. The vehicle-cabinet collaborative network according to claim 9, characterized in that, The cloud-based operations platform is configured as follows: Real-time monitoring of the status of all battery cells in the network, and health assessment and demand forecasting; In response to a battery swapping request initiated by a user terminal, the system matches and locates the target battery cell and swapping station based on an algorithm model. Based on battery status and network requirements, generate task instructions for charging, maintenance, or physical transfer across cabinet locations.

13. The vehicle-cabinet collaborative network according to claim 7, characterized in that, The integrated wind, solar, energy storage and battery swapping cabinet also includes a bidirectional converter, which is used to feed the battery power aggregated in the cabinet into the grid under the grid command to form a virtual power plant node.

14. An energy management and battery scheduling method applied to the vehicle-cabinet collaborative network of claims 9-13, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1. The cloud-based operation platform aggregates battery status data from both the vehicle and the cabinet. S2. In response to the user terminal's battery swapping request, the cloud operation platform uses algorithms to match and lock the target battery unit and charging station, and pushes information to the user terminal. S3. Authorized users complete battery retrieval and placement operations at the target counter, and the corresponding counter controller and vehicle controller update the local battery status and synchronize it to the cloud operation platform. S4, the cloud-based operation platform triggers subsequent charging, maintenance, or allocation tasks based on the latest battery status and overall network demand.

15. A new energy vehicle, characterized in that, The battery is equipped with a swappable modular energy storage system as described in any one of claims 1-8.

16. A new energy vehicle, characterized in that, The device is equipped with a swappable modular energy storage system as described in any one of claims 1-8 and is connected to the vehicle-cabinet collaborative network as described in any one of claims 9-13.

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