Screw shaft of glass kiln feeding system and machining process of screw shaft

Abstract

The invention discloses a spiral shaft of a glass kiln feeding system and a machining process of the spiral shaft. The process comprises the following steps: preheating the screw shaft to 220-280 DEG C, surfacing metal wear-resistant layers on the surfaces of a main shaft and a blade of the screw shaft, continuously heating in the surfacing process to maintain the surface temperature at 220-280 DEG C, and carrying out heat preservation and air cooling treatment after surfacing is completed. Thermal stress is reduced through preheating and temperature control surfacing, and cracks and air holes are prevented; the metal wear-resistant layer has high hardness and excellent wear resistance, so that the wear resistance of the screw shaft is remarkably enhanced; and heat preservation and slow cooling avoid quenching cracking, and the toughness of a surfacing layer is improved. The obtained spiral shaft is long in service life, scraps are not prone to falling off, pollution to glass raw materials can be effectively reduced, and product quality and production economy are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of materials processing and manufacturing technology, specifically to a spiral shaft of a glass furnace feeding system and its processing technology. Background Technology

[0002] In the production of substrate glass and cover glass, the furnace feeding system widely employs primary and secondary screw feeders to continuously and uniformly deliver the pre-mixed powder into the furnace for high-temperature melting. The core component of the screw feeder is the screw shaft, which consists of a main shaft and spiral blades welded to its outer circumference. During the long-term transport of high-hardness glass powder, it continuously endures severe friction and erosion. In existing technologies, the screw shaft is typically made of ordinary carbon steel or low-alloy steel and undergoes conventional heat treatment to improve wear resistance; however, no effective surface strengthening measures are taken, leading to severe wear after prolonged operation.

[0003] The aforementioned spiral shaft structure has significant drawbacks in practical use: as surface wear intensifies, it not only shortens the equipment's lifespan, increases replacement frequency and maintenance costs, but also allows detached metal fragments to easily mix into the glass raw materials, causing impurities, bubbles, and other defects in the product, severely impacting product quality and yield. Therefore, a new processing technology is urgently needed that can significantly improve the wear resistance of the spiral shaft surface, extend its service life, and reduce the risk of contamination. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a processing technology and a spiral shaft for a glass furnace feeding system, which can solve the technical problems of short life and easy contamination of glass raw materials caused by insufficient surface wear resistance of existing spiral shafts.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: This application provides a processing technology for a spiral shaft of a glass furnace feeding system, including: preheating the spiral shaft to 220~280℃; depositing a metal wear-resistant layer on the surface of the spiral shaft main shaft and blades, continuously heating the spiral shaft during the depositing process to maintain the surface temperature of the spiral shaft at 220~280℃; and performing heat preservation and air cooling treatment on the spiral shaft after the depositing is completed.

[0006] In one alternative embodiment, the thermal insulation and air cooling process involves covering the spiral shaft with insulation material and allowing it to cool naturally to room temperature.

[0007] In one alternative embodiment, the insulation material includes ceramic fiber insulation blankets, aluminum silicate fiber felts, or nanoporous insulation boards.

[0008] In one alternative embodiment, the thickness of the metal wear-resistant layer of the helical spindle is 5-6 mm.

[0009] In one alternative embodiment, the thickness of the metal wear-resistant layer on the working surface of the blades of the helical shaft is 5-6 mm.

[0010] In one alternative embodiment, the thickness of the metal wear-resistant layer on the non-working surface of the helical shaft blades is 3-4 mm.

[0011] In one alternative embodiment, the continuous heating during preheating and welding is achieved by heating the spiral shaft with an oxyhydrogen torch.

[0012] In one alternative embodiment, the metal wear-resistant layer uses a metal material including chromium carbide alloy, high manganese steel, nickel-chromium alloy, high manganese alloy, or titanium carbide-nickel alloy.

[0013] In one alternative embodiment, the machining of the screw shafts of the primary screw feeder and the secondary screw feeder used in the glass furnace feeding system is applicable.

[0014] The second aspect of this application provides a spiral shaft for a glass furnace feeding system, which is manufactured using any of the above-mentioned processing techniques for spiral shafts in glass furnace feeding systems.

[0015] This application provides a processing technology for the spiral shaft of a glass furnace feeding system and the spiral shaft itself. By preheating the spiral shaft before welding and continuously controlling the temperature during the welding process, thermal stress differences are effectively reduced, preventing cracks and porosity in the weld layer. By welding a high-hardness, wear-resistant metal layer onto the surface of the main shaft and blades, surface wear resistance and erosion resistance are significantly improved. Post-weld heat preservation and slow cooling treatment avoids the risk of cracking caused by rapid cooling, thereby improving the bonding strength and structural stability of the weld layer. This process solves the problems of easy wear, short lifespan, and contamination of glass raw materials associated with traditional spiral shafts, achieving the beneficial effects of extending service life, reducing maintenance costs, and improving product yield. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 The spiral shaft is manufactured using the processing technology provided by this invention; Among them, 1. main shaft; 2. blades; 3. metal wear-resistant layer. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the technical problem to be solved, the technical solution, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0019] In this invention, the term "and / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0020] In this invention, "at least one" refers to one or more items, and "more than one" refers to two or more items. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, "at least one of a, b, or c," or "at least one of a, b, and c," can both represent: a, b, c, ab (i.e., a and b), ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can each be single or multiple.

[0021] It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present invention, the order of the above-mentioned processes does not imply the order of execution. Some or all steps may be executed in parallel or sequentially. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0022] The terminology used in the embodiments of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” as used in the embodiments of this invention and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0023] The weights of the relevant components mentioned in the embodiments of this invention can refer not only to the specific content of each component, but also to the proportional relationship between the weights of the components. Therefore, any scaling up or down of the content of the relevant components according to the embodiments of this invention is within the scope disclosed in the embodiments of this invention. Specifically, the mass in the embodiments of this invention can be a well-known unit of mass in the chemical industry, such as μg, mg, g, or kg.

[0024] In the feeding systems of substrate and cover glass furnaces, the screw shaft, as a core component of the primary and secondary screw feeders, operates under high temperature and high wear conditions for extended periods. The glass batches it conveys are highly abrasive, leading to severe wear on the surface of traditional screw shafts. This wear not only shortens equipment lifespan and increases downtime for maintenance, but also allows detached metal particles to mix into the glass raw materials, causing defects such as bubbles and stones in the product, directly impacting product quality and yield. Therefore, improving the wear resistance of the screw shaft, enhancing the bonding strength of the weld overlay, and preventing crack formation have become urgent technical problems to be solved in this field.

[0025] This application provides a processing technology for a spiral shaft of a glass furnace feeding system, including: preheating the spiral shaft to 220~280℃; depositing a metal wear-resistant layer 3 on the surface of the spiral shaft main shaft 1 and blades 2, continuously heating the spiral shaft during the depositing process to maintain the surface temperature of the spiral shaft at 220~280℃; and performing heat preservation and air cooling treatment on the spiral shaft after the depositing is completed.

[0026] In the processing, the purpose of preheating the spiral shaft is to reduce the thermal stress difference between the substrate and the subsequent weld overlay, thereby reducing the risk of microcracks caused by excessive temperature differences. Preheating at a temperature between 220 and 280°C effectively removes residual moisture and adsorbed water from the material surface, preventing the formation of hydrogen-induced porosity, and also allows the base metal to reach a suitable plastic state, which is beneficial for improving the metallurgical bond strength between the weld metal and the base material. Alternatively, preheating can be achieved using a hydrogen-oxygen torch for scanning heating. The flame temperature produced by the hydrogen-oxygen torch is moderate, its thermal efficiency is high, and it produces no carbon pollution, making it suitable for temperature control heating scenarios before precision weld overlay.

[0027] A wear-resistant metal layer is deposited on the surface of the main shaft and blades of the spiral shaft. The metal used has extremely high hardness and excellent resistance to abrasive wear, which significantly improves the erosion resistance of the spiral shaft during the conveying of glass powder. The deposition sequence can be selected as main shaft first, then blades, to avoid blade obstruction causing welding difficulties in the main shaft area. During the entire deposition process, external heating measures are implemented simultaneously to compensate for heat loss after the welding heat source is removed, maintaining the overall temperature of the workpiece between 220 and 280°C. This constant temperature control helps to slow down the cooling rate, thereby inhibiting the formation of cold cracks. At the same time, a stable thermal environment is conducive to gas escape, reducing the probability of defects such as porosity and inclusions. The continuous heating method can be consistent with the preheating method, such as continuing to use an oxyhydrogen gun for tracking heating. The operator uses a handheld temperature measuring gun to dynamically adjust the flame distance and movement speed to ensure that the temperature fluctuation does not exceed ±15°C. After deposition, the shaft is wrapped with insulation material and allowed to cool slowly to room temperature in the air. This treatment aims to further alleviate residual stress, promote the homogenization of the internal structure of the deposition layer, and prevent cracking or peeling caused by rapid cooling. The heat preservation time is usually no less than 4 hours. During preheating and continuous heating, infrared thermometers or contact thermocouples are used to monitor the surface temperature of key areas in real time to ensure uniform temperature distribution and avoid local overheating or underheating. Through the above-described steps, this application achieves highly efficient strengthening of the spiral shaft used in the glass furnace feeding system. By employing an integrated thermal management strategy of overall preheating of the spiral shaft, continuous temperature control during the welding process, and slow cooling after welding, the bonding quality between the metal wear-resistant layer and the substrate is significantly improved, avoiding common welding defects such as cracks, porosity, and delamination. The introduction of the metal wear-resistant layer greatly enhances the surface hardness and wear resistance of the spiral shaft, effectively resisting long-term erosion by glass powder during actual operation, extending the equipment's service life, and reducing unplanned downtime. Simultaneously, by reducing the generation of metal debris, the risk of impurities contaminating the molten glass is lowered, thereby improving the purity and yield of the final product, demonstrating significant technological advancement and industrial application value.

[0028] In some embodiments of this application, the thermal insulation and air cooling process involves covering the spiral shaft with insulation material and allowing it to cool naturally to room temperature. The insulation material is used to cover the entire spiral shaft that has undergone welding, or at least to cover the welded areas on the main shaft and blades. The spiral shaft, which is at a high temperature, is cooled by controlling the cooling rate to prevent thermal stress concentration in the welded area due to rapid heat dissipation, which could lead to defects such as cracks, deformation, or weld layer peeling. This insulation material has a low thermal conductivity and good thermal insulation performance, effectively slowing down the rate of heat transfer to the external environment. Common optional materials include ceramic fiber insulation blankets, aluminosilicate fiber felt, and nanoporous insulation boards, which possess characteristics such as high temperature resistance, good flexibility, and ease of wrapping and fixing.

[0029] In some embodiments of this application, the thickness of the metal wear-resistant layer of the auger spindle is 5-6 mm. The working surface of the auger blades refers to the side and edge face that propels the glass powder forward. The non-working surface of the auger blades is the side of the blade facing away from the material conveying direction. The thickness of the metal wear-resistant layer on the working surface of the auger blades is 5-6 mm. The thickness of the metal wear-resistant layer on the non-working surface of the auger blades is 3-4 mm. This application achieves an optimized design of the weld overlay thickness while ensuring the effective protective capability of the metal wear-resistant layer. This allows the layer to resist long-term erosion and wear from the glass powder while avoiding structural failure caused by excessive thickness, thereby improving the overall reliability and service life of the auger spindle.

[0030] In some embodiments of this application, continuous heating during preheating and welding is achieved by heating the spiral shaft with an oxyhydrogen torch. Heating with an oxyhydrogen torch enables real-time temperature control of the spiral shaft throughout the welding process.

[0031] In some embodiments of this application, the surface of the spiral shaft is cleaned and dried before preheating. This cleaning and drying process involves physically or chemically cleaning the areas of the spiral shaft and blades to be welded before applying the wear-resistant metal layer, removing contaminants such as oil, grease, scale, rust, dust, and absorbed moisture. This step aims to ensure the substrate surface is clean and free of impurities, thereby improving the mechanical bonding between the wear-resistant layer and the spiral shaft surface.

[0032] In some embodiments of this application, the metal wear-resistant layer uses metallic materials including chromium carbide alloys, high-manganese steel, nickel-chromium alloys, high-manganese alloys, or titanium carbide-nickel alloys. These materials can improve the wear resistance of the screw shaft. Chromium carbide alloys and titanium carbide-nickel alloys, with their high-hardness hard phases, provide extremely strong resistance to abrasive cutting; high-manganese steel and high-manganese alloys, through work hardening effects, rapidly increase surface hardness upon impact, effectively resisting impact wear; nickel-chromium alloys, based on a dense oxide film, combine wear resistance and corrosion protection, making them suitable for complex media conditions. All these materials are firmly bonded to the substrate, maintaining surface integrity for a long time under harsh conditions such as heavy loads, impacts, and corrosion, significantly reducing the wear rate of the screw shaft, greatly extending its service life, and reducing equipment maintenance frequency and costs.

[0033] The processing technology provided by this invention is applicable to the machining of the screw shafts of primary and secondary screw feeders used in glass kiln feeding systems. It solves the common problem of insufficient wear resistance in such equipment. Because its application covers key conveying units throughout the entire feeding chain, it effectively improves the overall service life and operational stability of the system, reduces downtime maintenance frequency and product contamination risk, and has good industrial adaptability and prospects for large-scale application.

[0034] A spiral shaft for a glass furnace feeding system is manufactured using the aforementioned processing technology. This process results in a high-performance metal wear-resistant layer forming on the surface of the main shaft and blades of the final spiral shaft. This wear-resistant layer effectively resists the long-term erosion and friction of glass powder during service, significantly extending the lifespan of the spiral shaft and reducing downtime for replacement. It also prevents product contamination caused by metal particles detaching from wear, improving the purity and yield of glass products. Furthermore, this spiral shaft is suitable for various operating conditions, including single-stage and two-stage spiral feeders, and is particularly suitable for high-temperature, highly abrasive glass furnace feeding systems, demonstrating promising industrial application prospects and significant potential for wider adoption.

[0035] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed in this invention are not limited to the precise ranges or values; these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges and individual point values, and individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed herein. In the following, various technical solutions can, in principle, be combined with each other to obtain new technical solutions, which should also be considered as specifically disclosed herein.

[0036] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still make modifications or equivalent substitutions to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention are within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention pending approval.

Claims

1. A machining process for a spiral shaft in a glass furnace feeding system, characterized in that, include: Preheat the screw shaft to 220~280℃; A wear-resistant metal layer is deposited on the surface of the main shaft and blades of the spiral shaft. The spiral shaft is continuously heated during the depositing process to keep the surface temperature of the spiral shaft at 220~280℃. After the welding is completed, the spiral shaft is subjected to heat preservation and air cooling treatment.

2. The processing technology of the spiral shaft of the glass furnace feeding system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat insulation and air cooling process involves covering the spiral shaft with insulation material and allowing it to cool naturally to room temperature.

3. The processing technology of the spiral shaft of the glass furnace feeding system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The insulation material includes ceramic fiber insulation blankets, aluminum silicate fiber felts, or nanoporous insulation boards.

4. The machining process of the spiral shaft of the glass furnace feeding system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the metal wear-resistant layer on the main helical shaft is 5~6mm.

5. The machining process of the spiral shaft of the glass furnace feeding system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the metal wear-resistant layer on the working surface of the blades of the spiral shaft is 5~6mm.

6. The machining process of the spiral shaft of the glass furnace feeding system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the metal wear-resistant layer on the non-working surface of the blades of the spiral shaft is 3~4mm.

7. The machining process of the spiral shaft of the glass furnace feeding system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The continuous heating during preheating and welding is achieved by heating the spiral shaft with an oxyhydrogen torch.

8. The machining process of the spiral shaft of the glass furnace feeding system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal wear-resistant layer uses metal materials including chromium carbide alloy, high manganese steel, nickel-chromium alloy, high manganese alloy, or titanium carbide-nickel alloy.

9. The processing technology of the spiral shaft of the glass furnace feeding system according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Suitable for machining the spiral shafts of primary and secondary spiral feeders used in glass kiln feeding systems.

10. A spiral shaft for a glass furnace feeding system, characterized in that, The spiral shaft of the glass furnace feeding system described in any one of claims 1-8 is manufactured using the processing technology described in these claims.

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