Smelting device and method for manufacturing sintered neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet material

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet material smelting, in particular to a smelting device and method for manufacturing a sintered neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet material.The smelting device comprises a smelting tank and a discharging pipe connected to the smelting tank, the outer side face of the smelting tank is fixedly sleeved with a supporting plate in the circumferential direction, and a heating coil is installed in the smelting tank in the circumferential direction; a cavity is formed in the inner side of the smelting tank in the circumferential direction. Heat energy on the upper portion of the smelting tank is absorbed and taken away through flowing of cold water, then the cold water is discharged into the hollow circulation frame through the communicating pipe, the heat energy in the cold water heats the interior of the barrel through the hollow circulation frame, the temperature in the barrel is increased, and then neodymium iron boron alloy blocks enter the barrel to be preheated; the preheated neodymium-iron-boron alloy blocks are conveyed into the smelting tank by the electric spiral plate to be smelted, and the process is repeated, so that the neodymium-iron-boron alloy blocks can be continuously heated and preheated by utilizing the recycled heat energy, the neodymium-iron-boron alloy blocks are smelted more quickly, and the overall smelting efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material smelting technology, and in particular to a smelting apparatus and method for manufacturing sintered neodymium iron boron permanent magnet materials. Background Technology

[0002] Sintered NdFeB permanent magnets are widely used in motors, sensors, wind power generation, new energy vehicles, and medical fields due to their high energy product, high coercivity, and good temperature stability. Their manufacturing process is complex and delicate, with smelting as the first step having a crucial impact on subsequent processes and the final magnet performance.

[0003] Chinese Patent CN119826535A discloses a melting apparatus for sintered NdFeB permanent magnet materials, relating to the field of NdFeB permanent magnet material melting technology. The apparatus includes: a melting tank, a melting assembly, and a feeding assembly; the melting assembly includes a heating assembly disposed inside the melting tank, with a stirring assembly at its bottom; the feeding assembly includes a pushing assembly disposed at the top of the melting tank, with a recovery assembly disposed on its side; the recovery assembly includes a recovery section, a condensation section, and a return section, with the recovery section connected to the condensation section via a pipeline; the condensation section... The bottom of the solidification section is fixedly connected to the return section; the stirring assembly also includes a piston section, a drive section and an adjustment section. The bottom of the piston section is fixedly connected to the drive section, and the bottom of the drive section is fixedly connected to the adjustment section. Although the above patent can melt NdFeB alloy blocks into a melt, the cooling system, while removing heat energy, also directly discharges a large amount of recoverable heat energy into the environment without any recycling. Furthermore, the NdFeB alloy blocks are initially at room temperature, which means that the temperature needs to be gradually increased from room temperature to melt the NdFeB alloy blocks. This process takes a long time and affects the overall melting efficiency.

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned patents. To this end, a melting device and method for manufacturing sintered NdFeB permanent magnet materials is proposed, which can collect recovered heat energy to preheat NdFeB alloy blocks, and then melt the preheated NdFeB alloy blocks to improve the overall melting efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the drawbacks of cooling systems that, while removing heat, also directly release a large amount of recyclable heat into the environment without any recycling, and the fact that NdFeB alloy blocks are initially at room temperature, requiring a gradual increase in temperature to melt them (a time-consuming process that affects overall melting efficiency), this invention provides a melting apparatus and method for manufacturing sintered NdFeB permanent magnet materials. This method collects recovered heat to preheat the NdFeB alloy blocks before melting them, thereby improving overall melting efficiency.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A melting apparatus for manufacturing sintered NdFeB permanent magnet materials includes a melting tank and a discharge pipe connected to the melting tank. A support plate is fixedly fitted circumferentially on the outer side of the melting tank. A heating coil is installed circumferentially inside the melting tank. A cavity is formed circumferentially inside the melting tank. A connector is connected to the melting tank. An opening is formed at the top of the melting tank. The apparatus also includes a fixing plate fixed to the melting tank. A cylinder is fixedly connected between the fixing plates. A feed inlet is formed on the cylinder. A discharge outlet corresponding to the opening is formed at the bottom of the cylinder. An N-type plate is fixedly connected to the inner side of the cylinder. A connection is formed between the two sides of the cylinder. An electric spiral plate is rotatably connected to drive the NdFeB alloy block downward. A hollow circulation frame is embedded and fixedly connected circumferentially inside the cylinder. The feed end of the hollow circulation frame is connected to a connecting pipe, and the feed end of the connecting pipe is connected to one of the connectors. The connecting pipe is used to discharge cold water that has absorbed heat energy into the hollow circulation frame. The heat energy in the cold water enters the cylinder through the hollow circulation frame to preheat the NdFeB alloy block conveyed by the electric spiral plate inside the cylinder. An opening and closing assembly is provided between the melting tank and the cylinder to control the discharge and feed of the cylinder.

[0007] Further explanation: The opening and closing assembly includes an electrically operated opening and closing plate installed on the melting tank. The electrically operated opening and closing plate is located below the cylinder and contacts the opening for controlling the opening and closing of the opening. One of the fixed plates has an annular baffle that is rotatably connected to the bottom of the cylinder and is fitted around the outside of the cylinder to block the feed inlet. An external gear ring I is fixedly connected to the outer side of the annular baffle along the circumference. A stepper motor is installed on one of the fixed plates, and a spur gear that meshes with the external gear ring I is fixedly fitted at the end of the output shaft of the stepper motor.

[0008] Further explanation includes an agitation assembly, which includes a rotating agitator plate rotatably connected to the inner circumference of the melting tank for agitating the melt. Iron blocks are symmetrically fixed to the bottom of the rotating agitator plate. A servo motor is installed at the bottom of the melting tank. A horizontal plate is fixed to the end of the output shaft of the servo motor. A magnetic block located directly below the iron block is symmetrically fixed to the top of the horizontal plate for driving the iron block to rotate. A rotating assembly is provided between the melting tank and the rotating agitator plate for further agitating the NdFeB alloy block.

[0009] Further explanation: The rotating assembly includes a rotating agitator with uniform intervals that is circumferentially connected to the rotating agitator plate for further agitation of the NdFeB alloy block. A guide gear is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the agitator plate. An external gear ring II located below the rotating agitator plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the melting tank along the circumferential direction. The external gear ring II meshes with the guide gear.

[0010] Further explanation: the smelting apparatus for manufacturing sintered NdFeB permanent magnet materials also includes a feeding assembly. The feeding assembly includes a loading frame fixed between a support plate and a smelting tank. A cross plate is laterally slidably connected to the inner side of the loading frame for pushing the NdFeB alloy block to the right. A screw threaded to the cross plate is laterally rotatably connected to the loading frame. A DC motor is mounted on the loading frame, and the output shaft end of the DC motor is fixedly connected to the end of the screw. A lifting plate is vertically slidably connected to the inner side of the loading frame for moving the NdFeB alloy block upward. An electric lead screw threaded to the lifting plate is vertically mounted on the loading frame. A cylinder is laterally mounted on the top of the loading frame, and a push plate is fixedly connected to the end of the cylinder's telescopic rod for pushing the NdFeB alloy block into the feed inlet. A positioning assembly is provided inside the loading frame for positioning the NdFeB alloy block.

[0011] Further explanation: the positioning component includes symmetrically embedded tapered bars that are slidably connected to the inside of the loading frame for positioning the neodymium iron boron alloy block. Connecting springs are evenly spaced between the tapered bars and the loading frame.

[0012] To further explain, the smelting apparatus for manufacturing sintered NdFeB permanent magnet materials also includes a transparent window fixedly connected to the smelting ladle.

[0013] A melting method for a melting apparatus used in the manufacture of sintered NdFeB permanent magnet materials includes the following steps: S1. When the device is started, the heating coil is first activated to heat the inside of the melting tank. Then, cold water is discharged into the cavity. The cold water in the cavity absorbs part of the heat energy in the melting tank. The cold water that has absorbed heat energy in the cavity is discharged into the hollow circulation frame through the connecting pipe. The heat energy in the cold water heats the inside of the cylinder through the hollow circulation frame. S2. Feeding: The neodymium iron boron alloy block is placed into the cylinder through the feed port. The electric spiral plate is started to drive the neodymium iron boron alloy block to move downward in the n-shaped plate. During the downward movement, the neodymium iron boron alloy block is preheated by the temperature inside the cylinder. The preheated neodymium iron boron alloy block enters the melting tank through the discharge port and opening to be melted. Because the neodymium iron boron alloy block is preheated, it can be melted more quickly. S3. Discharge: After all the NdFeB alloy blocks in the melting tank have been melted into a molten material, start the discharge pipe. The discharge pipe will discharge the molten material in the melting tank for subsequent processing. After all the molten material in the melting tank has been discharged, close the discharge pipe.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The heat energy in the upper part of the melting tank is absorbed and carried away by the flow of cold water. Then, the cold water is discharged into the hollow circulation frame through the connecting pipe. The heat energy in the cold water heats the inside of the cylinder through the hollow circulation frame, causing the temperature inside the cylinder to rise. Then, the NdFeB alloy block enters the cylinder for preheating. The preheated NdFeB alloy block is then transported to the melting tank by an electric spiral plate for melting. This process is repeated, and the recovered heat energy can be continuously used to heat and preheat the NdFeB alloy block, so that the NdFeB alloy block is melted faster, thereby improving the overall melting efficiency.

[0015] 2. Under the action of the rotating agitator and the agitator frame, whenever the NdFeB alloy block enters the melting pot for melting, the rotating agitator and the agitator frame can agitate the NdFeB alloy block. The agitated NdFeB alloy block is melted better, thereby further improving the melting efficiency.

[0016] 3. With the help of the feeding component, whenever it is necessary to push the NdFeB alloy block into the cylinder for preheating, the feeding component can drive the NdFeB alloy block into the cylinder for feeding, eliminating the need for people to continuously put the NdFeB alloy block in, thereby improving feeding efficiency and overall automation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the melting vessel of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fixing plate, cylinder and connecting pipe of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the hollow circulation frame, n-shaped plate, and electric spiral plate of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the opening and closing component of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the stirring component of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotating stirring plate and melting pot of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the feeding component of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lifting plate and electric lead screw of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 10This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the screw, tapered bar, and connecting spring of the present invention.

[0027] The diagram is labeled as follows: 1-melting tank, 2-discharge pipe, 3-support plate, 4-heating coil, 41-opening, 5-cavity, 6-connector, 7-fixed plate, 8-cylinder, 81-feed inlet, 82-discharge outlet, 9-hollow circulation frame, 10-connecting pipe, 11-n-type plate, 12-electric spiral plate, 13-annular baffle, 131-external gear ring I, 132-stepper motor, 133-spur gear, 134-electric opening and closing plate, 1 4-Rotating agitator plate, 141-Agitator frame, 142-Guide gear, 143-External gear ring II, 144-Iron block, 145-Horizontal plate, 146-Magnetic block, 147-Servo motor, 15-Loading frame, 151-Push plate, 152-Cylinder, 153-Lifting plate, 154-Electric lead screw, 155-Cross plate, 156-Screw, 157-DC motor, 158-Conical strip, 159-Connecting spring, 16-Transparent window. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this does not limit the scope of protection and application of the present invention.

[0029] Example: A melting apparatus for manufacturing sintered NdFeB permanent magnet materials; please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1-7As shown, the system includes a melting tank 1 and a discharge pipe 2 connected to the lower front side of the melting tank 1. A support plate 3 is fixedly mounted circumferentially on the lower outer side of the melting tank 1. A heating coil 4 is installed circumferentially on the lower inner side of the melting tank 1. A cavity 5 for supplying cold water flow is opened circumferentially on the lower inner side of the melting tank 1. The cavity 5 is located outside the heating coil 4. Two connectors 6 are connected to the lower left side of the melting tank 1. An opening 41 is opened on the left side of the top of the melting tank 1. The system also includes a fixing plate 7, a cylinder 8, a hollow circulation frame 9, a connecting pipe 10, an n-shaped plate 11, an electric spiral plate 12, an opening and closing assembly, and a stirring assembly. Two fixing plates 7 are fixedly attached to the upper left side of the melting tank 1. A cylinder 8 is fixedly connected between the middle of the upper and lower fixing plates 7. An inlet 81 is opened on the upper left side of the cylinder 8. An outlet 82 is opened on the left side of the bottom of the cylinder 8. The outlet 82 is directly opposite the opening 41. An n-shaped plate 11 is fixedly connected to the left side of the cylinder 8, corresponding to the feed inlet 81 and the discharge outlet 82. An electric spiral plate 12 is rotatably connected between the top and bottom of the cylinder 8. When the electric spiral plate 12 rotates, it can drive the NdFeB alloy block to move downward. A hollow circulation frame 9 is embedded and fixedly connected circumferentially inside the cylinder 8. The feed end of the hollow circulation frame 9 is connected to a connecting pipe 10, which is connected to the upper connector 6. The connecting pipe 10 is used to discharge cold water that has absorbed heat energy into the hollow circulation frame 9. The heat energy in the cold water enters the cylinder 8 through the hollow circulation frame 9 to preheat the NdFeB alloy block conveyed by the electric spiral plate 12 inside the cylinder 8. An opening and closing assembly is provided between the melting tank 1 and the cylinder 8 to control the discharge and feed of the cylinder 8.

[0030] Please see Figure 5 As shown, the opening and closing assembly includes an annular baffle 13, an external gear ring I 131, a stepper motor 132, a spur gear 133, and an electric opening and closing plate 134. The electric opening and closing plate 134 is installed on the upper left side of the melting tank 1. The electric opening and closing plate 134 is located below the cylinder 8 and contacts the opening 41. The electric opening and closing plate 134 can control the opening and closing of the opening 41. The bottom of the upper fixed plate 7 is rotatably connected to the annular baffle 13. The annular baffle 13 is sleeved on the outside of the cylinder 8 and blocks the feed port 81. The upper part of the outer surface of the annular baffle 13 is fixedly connected to the external gear ring I 131 along the circumference. The left side of the upper fixed plate 7 is equipped with a stepper motor 132. The output shaft end of the stepper motor 132 is fixedly fitted with a spur gear 133, which meshes with the external gear ring I 131.

[0031] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, it also includes an agitation assembly, which includes a rotating agitator 14, a rotating component, an iron block 144, a horizontal plate 145, a magnetic block 146, and a servo motor 147. The rotating agitator 14 is circumferentially connected to the lower inner side of the melting tank 1. When the rotating agitator 14 rotates, it can agitate the melt. The iron block 144 is symmetrically fixed to the bottom center of the rotating agitator 14. The servo motor 147 is installed in the bottom center of the melting tank 1. The horizontal plate 145 is fixed to the end of the output shaft of the servo motor 147. The magnetic block 146 is symmetrically fixed to the top of the horizontal plate 145. The magnetic block 146 is located directly below the iron block 144. When the magnetic block 146 rotates, it can drive the iron block 144 to rotate. The block 144 rotates, and a rotating assembly is provided between the melting tank 1 and the rotating agitator 14. When the rotating assembly operates, it can further agitate the NdFeB alloy block. The rotating assembly includes an agitator 141, a guide gear 142, and an external gear ring II 143. Three agitators 141 are rotatably connected at even intervals along the circumference on the rotating agitator 14. When the agitator 141 rotates, it can further agitate the NdFeB alloy block. The guide gear 142 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the agitator 141. An external gear ring II 143 is fixedly connected along the circumference at the bottom of the melting tank 1. The external gear ring II 143 is located below the rotating agitator 14 and meshes with the guide gear 142.

[0032] Initially, a cold water source is connected to the lower connector 6, and a discharge pipe is connected to the discharge end of the hollow circulation frame 9. First, the heating coil 4 is activated to heat the melting tank 1 until the required temperature is reached. Then, cold water is discharged into the cavity 5 through the lower connector 6. The cold water in the cavity 5 is discharged into the connecting pipe 10 through the upper connector 6, and then into the hollow circulation frame 9. The cold water flows within the hollow circulation frame 9, and then discharges through the discharge end of the hollow circulation frame 9 into the external discharge pipe. This process is repeated, ensuring a continuous flow of cold water. The flowing cold water absorbs the heat energy from the upper part of the melting tank 1, preventing damage to the melting tank 1 from the high temperature of the melting process. After absorbing heat, the cold water is discharged into the hollow circulation frame 9 through the connecting pipe 10. The hollow circulation frame 9 heats the inside of the cylinder 8, raising its temperature and fully utilizing the recovered heat. Then, the stepper motor 132 drives the spur gear 133 to rotate forward. The forward rotation of the spur gear 133 drives the external gear ring I 131 to rotate in reverse. The reverse rotation of the external gear ring I 131 drives the annular baffle 13 to rotate in reverse. When the annular baffle 13 stops rotating in reverse, it blocks the feed inlet 81. Simultaneously, the electric opening and closing plate 134 swings downward to open. When the electric opening and closing plate 134 stops, it blocks the opening 41. When the electric opening and closing plate 134 closes, the operator places the neodymium iron boron alloy block into the cylinder 8 through the feed inlet 81. The neodymium iron boron alloy block contacts the inner side of the n-shaped plate 11 and also contacts the electric spiral plate 12. The electric spiral plate 12 is then started to rotate in reverse. 12 Reverse rotation causes the NdFeB alloy block to move downwards. The NdFeB alloy block slides within the n-shaped plate 11, while the temperature inside the cylinder 8 preheats it. When the NdFeB alloy block moves downwards to the discharge port 82, the preheated NdFeB alloy block passes through the discharge port 82 and the opening 41 and falls into the melting tank 1 for melting. Because the NdFeB alloy block has been preheated, it can be melted into a molten material more quickly by the melting tank 1. Subsequently, the servo motor 147 is activated to drive the horizontal plate 145 to rotate. The horizontal plate 145 drives the magnetic block 146 to rotate. The rotation of the magnetic block 146 drives the iron block 144 to rotate through magnetic force. The rotation of the iron block 144 drives the rotating stirring plate 14 to rotate, which in turn stirs the NdFeB alloy block. The rotation of the stirring plate 14 also drives the stirring frame 141 to rotate. The rotation of the stirring frame 141 drives the guide gear 142 to rotate. The rotation of the guide gear 142 rotates through the external gear ring II 143, which in turn drives the stirring frame 141 to rotate. The rotation and rotation of the stirring frame 141 further agitates the NdFeB alloy block. The agitated NdFeB alloy block is then melted more effectively, thereby further improving the melting efficiency. This process is repeated, continuously utilizing recovered heat energy to preheat the NdFeB alloy block. The preheated NdFeB alloy block is then melted more quickly in the melting tank 1, thereby improving the overall melting efficiency. When an appropriate amount of NdFeB alloy block is discharged into the melting tank 1, the electric opening and closing plate 134 is activated to swing upwards and close.The electric opening and closing plate 134 blocks the opening 41, and simultaneously starts the stepper motor 132 to drive the spur gear 133 to reverse. The reverse rotation of the spur gear 133 drives the external gear ring I 131 to rotate forward. The forward rotation of the external gear ring I 131 drives the annular baffle 13 to rotate forward and reset. The reset annular baffle 13 continues to block the feed inlet 81, and then the electric spiral plate 12 is closed. After all the NdFeB alloy blocks in the melting tank 1 have been melted into molten material, the discharge pipe 2 is started. The discharge pipe 2 discharges the molten material in the melting tank 1 for subsequent processing. After all the molten material has been discharged, the discharge pipe 2 is closed. The next batch of NdFeB alloy blocks can be preheated before melting. Once all the NdFeB alloy blocks have been melted, the heating coil 4 is turned off, the flow of cold water into the cavity 5 is stopped, the cold water flow ceases, and the servo motor 147 is turned off. The horizontal plate 145 stops driving the magnetic block 146 to rotate, the magnetic block 146 stops driving the iron block 144 to rotate, the iron block 144 stops driving the rotating stirring plate 14 to rotate, and the rotating stirring plate 14 stops driving the stirring frame 141 to rotate. The stirring frame 141 also stops rotating via the guide gear 142 and the external gear ring II 143.

[0033] Please see Figures 8-10As shown, the smelting apparatus for manufacturing sintered NdFeB permanent magnet materials also includes a feeding assembly installed between the support plate 3 and the smelting tank 1. The feeding assembly includes a feeding frame 15, a pusher plate 151, a cylinder 152, a lifting plate 153, an electric lead screw 154, a cross plate 155, a screw 156, a DC motor 157, and a positioning assembly. The feeding frame 15 is fixedly connected between the top left side of the support plate 3 and the outer left side of the smelting tank 1. The cross plate 15 is laterally slidably connected to the inner side of the feeding frame 15. 55. When the cross plate 155 moves to the right, it can push the NdFeB alloy block to the right. A screw 156 is laterally rotatably connected to the upper front side of the loading frame 15. The screw 156 is threadedly connected to the front side of the cross plate 155. A DC motor 157 is installed on the upper outer left side of the loading frame 15. The output shaft end of the DC motor 157 is fixedly connected to the left end of the screw 156. A lifting plate 153 is vertically slidably connected to the right inner side of the loading frame 15. When the lifting plate 15... 3. When moving upwards, the lifting plate 153 can drive the NdFeB alloy block to move upwards. An electric lead screw 154 is vertically installed on the right side of the loading frame 15, and the electric lead screw 154 is threadedly connected to the right side of the lifting plate 153. A cylinder 152 is horizontally installed on the top left side of the loading frame 15. A push plate 151 is fixedly connected to the end of the telescopic rod of the cylinder 152. When the push plate 151 moves to the right, it can push the NdFeB alloy block into the feed inlet 81. The inner side of the loading frame 15 is provided with… The positioning component, when in operation, can position the NdFeB alloy block. The positioning component includes a tapered strip 158 and a connecting spring 159. The tapered strip 158 is symmetrically embedded and slidably connected to the front side of the loading frame 15. When the NdFeB alloy block is placed into the loading frame 15, the tapered strip 158 can position the NdFeB alloy block. The connecting spring 159 is evenly spaced between the front side of the tapered strip 158 and the inner side of the loading frame 15.

[0034] When melting NdFeB alloy blocks is required, an appropriate amount of NdFeB alloy blocks are first placed into the loading frame 15, which is then stored in four layers. The tapered bars 158 separate adjacent rows of NdFeB alloy blocks, ensuring that the NdFeB alloy blocks are completely contained within the loading frame 15. When four rows of NdFeB alloy blocks are contained in the loading frame 15, the addition of more NdFeB alloy blocks is stopped. Then, the DC motor 157 is started to drive the screw 156 to rotate forward. The forward rotation of the screw 156 causes the cross plate 155 to move to the right, which in turn pushes the NdFeB alloy blocks to move to the right. Due to the action of the connecting spring 159, the NdFeB alloy block moves to the right and slides over the tapered bar 158. When the rightmost NdFeB alloy block moves to the right onto the lifting plate 153, the DC motor 157 is turned off, the screw 156 stops driving the cross plate 155 to move to the right, and the NdFeB alloy block stops moving to the right. Then, the electric screw 154 is started to rotate forward, driving the lifting plate 153 to move upward. The upward movement of the lifting plate 153 drives the rightmost row of NdFeB alloy blocks to move upward. When the NdFeB alloy block moves upward to the top and corresponds to the push plate 151, the electric screw 154 is turned off, and the lifting... Plate 153 stops moving the NdFeB alloy block upwards. Then, cylinder 152 is activated, extending its telescopic rod and moving push plate 151 to the right. Push plate 151 moves the corresponding NdFeB alloy block to the right, passing it through feed inlet 81 into cylinder 8 for preheating. Then, cylinder 152 is activated again, moving push plate 151 to the left to reset. Electric screw 154 is activated again, moving lifting plate 153 upwards until the NdFeB alloy block aligns with push plate 151. When reloading is needed, cylinder 152 is activated again, moving push plate 151 to the right. Neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) alloy blocks are preheated inside cylinder 8. When all the NdFeB alloy blocks in the rightmost column are inside cylinder 8, the electric screw 154 is reversed, causing the lifting plate 153 to move downwards and reset. The DC motor 157 is then activated, driving the screw 156 to rotate forward, causing the cross plate 155 to push the remaining NdFeB alloy blocks to the right onto the lifting plate 153. Once all the NdFeB alloy blocks have been used, the DC motor 157 is activated again, driving the screw 156 to rotate in reverse. The screw 156's reverse rotation causes the cross plate 155 to move to the left and reset, allowing for the addition of more NdFeB alloy blocks. This eliminates the need for continuous manual insertion of NdFeB alloy blocks, thus improving feeding efficiency and overall automation.

[0035] Please see Figure 1 As shown, the smelting apparatus for manufacturing sintered NdFeB permanent magnet materials also includes a transparent window 16, which is fixedly connected to the upper front side of the smelting tank 1.

[0036] When the NdFeB alloy block is being melted, the operator can observe the melting process through the transparent window 16, and thus take appropriate action based on the melting situation.

[0037] A melting method for a melting apparatus used in the manufacture of sintered NdFeB permanent magnet materials includes the following steps: S1. When the device is started, the heating coil 4 is first started to heat the inside of the melting tank 1. Then, cold water is discharged into the cavity 5. The cold water in the cavity 5 absorbs part of the heat energy inside the melting tank 1. The cold water in the cavity 5 that has absorbed heat energy is discharged into the hollow circulation frame 9 through the connecting pipe 10. The heat energy in the cold water heats the inside of the cylinder 8 through the hollow circulation frame 9. S2. Feeding: The neodymium iron boron alloy block is placed into the cylinder 8 through the feed port 81. The electric spiral plate 12 is started to drive the neodymium iron boron alloy block to move downward in the n-shaped plate 11. During the downward movement, the neodymium iron boron alloy block is preheated by the temperature inside the cylinder 8. The preheated neodymium iron boron alloy block enters the melting tank 1 through the discharge port 82 and the opening 41 to be melted. Because the neodymium iron boron alloy block is preheated, the neodymium iron boron alloy block can be melted faster. S3. Discharge: After all the NdFeB alloy blocks in the melting tank 1 have been melted into a molten material, start the discharge pipe 2. The discharge pipe 2 will discharge the molten material in the melting tank 1 for subsequent processing. After all the molten material in the melting tank 1 has been discharged, close the discharge pipe 2.

[0038] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smelting apparatus for manufacturing sintered NdFeB permanent magnet materials, comprising a smelting tank (1) and a discharge pipe (2) connected to the smelting tank (1), a support plate (3) fixedly mounted on the outer side of the smelting tank (1) along the circumferential direction, a heating coil (4) installed circumferentially inside the smelting tank (1), a cavity (5) opened circumferentially on the inner side of the smelting tank (1), a connector (6) connected to the smelting tank (1), and an opening (41) opened at the top of the smelting tank (1), characterized in that, It also includes a fixing plate (7) fixed to the melting tank (1), a cylinder (8) fixedly connected between the fixing plates (7), a feed port (81) on the cylinder (8), a discharge port (82) at the bottom of the cylinder (8) corresponding to the opening (41), an n-shaped plate (11) fixedly connected to the inside of the cylinder (8), an electric spiral plate (12) rotatably connected between the two sides of the cylinder (8) to drive the neodymium iron boron alloy block to move downward, and a hollow circulation frame (9) fixedly embedded in the inside of the cylinder (8) along the circumference. The feed end of the frame (9) is connected to a connecting pipe (10), and the feed end of the connecting pipe (10) is connected to one of the connectors (6). The connecting pipe (10) is used to discharge cold water that absorbs heat energy into the hollow circulation frame (9). The heat energy in the cold water enters the cylinder (8) through the hollow circulation frame (9) to preheat the neodymium iron boron alloy block conveyed by the electric spiral plate (12) in the cylinder (8). An opening and closing component is provided between the melting tank (1) and the cylinder (8) to control the discharge and feeding of the cylinder (8).

2. The smelting apparatus for manufacturing sintered NdFeB permanent magnet materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening and closing assembly includes an electric opening and closing plate (134) installed on the melting tank (1). The electric opening and closing plate (134) is located below the cylinder (8) and contacts the opening (41) to control the opening and closing of the opening (41). One of the fixed plates (7) has an annular baffle (13) that is rotatably connected to the bottom of the cylinder (8) to block the feed port (81). An external gear ring I (131) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the annular baffle (13) along the circumferential direction. A stepper motor (132) is installed on one of the fixed plates (7). A spur gear (133) that meshes with the external gear ring I (131) is fixedly fitted at the end of the output shaft of the stepper motor (132).

3. The smelting apparatus for manufacturing sintered NdFeB permanent magnet materials according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes an agitation assembly, which includes a rotating agitator plate (14) rotatably connected to the inner circumferential side of the melting tank (1) for agitating the melt. Iron blocks (144) are symmetrically fixed to the bottom of the rotating agitator plate (14). A servo motor (147) is installed at the bottom of the melting tank (1). A horizontal plate (145) is fixed to the end of the output shaft of the servo motor (147). A magnetic block (146) located directly below the iron block (144) is symmetrically fixed to the top of the horizontal plate (145) for driving the iron block (144) to rotate. A rotating assembly is provided between the melting tank (1) and the rotating agitator plate (14) for further agitating the neodymium iron boron alloy block.

4. The smelting apparatus for manufacturing sintered NdFeB permanent magnet materials according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rotating assembly includes a rotating agitator (141) with uniform intervals that rotates around the rotating agitator plate (14) for further agitation of the neodymium iron boron alloy block. A guide gear (142) is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the agitator (141). An external gear ring II (143) located below the rotating agitator plate (14) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the melting tank (1) along the circumferential direction. The external gear ring II (143) meshes with the guide gear (142).

5. The smelting apparatus for manufacturing sintered NdFeB permanent magnet materials according to claim 4, characterized in that, The smelting apparatus for manufacturing sintered NdFeB permanent magnet materials also includes a feeding assembly. The feeding assembly includes a loading frame (15) fixed between the support plate (3) and the smelting tank (1). A cross plate (155) is laterally slidably connected to the inner side of the loading frame (15) for pushing the NdFeB alloy block to the right. A screw (156) is laterally rotatably connected to the loading frame (15) and threadedly connected to the cross plate (155). A DC motor (157) is mounted on the loading frame (15). The output shaft end of the DC motor (157) is connected to the screw (156). The end is fixedly connected, and a lifting plate (153) is vertically slidably connected to the inner side of the loading frame (15) to drive the neodymium iron boron alloy block to move upward. An electric screw (154) threadedly connected to the lifting plate (153) is vertically installed on the loading frame (15). A cylinder (152) is horizontally installed on the top of the loading frame (15). A push plate (151) is fixedly connected to the end of the telescopic rod of the cylinder (152) to push the neodymium iron boron alloy block into the feed port (81). A positioning component is provided inside the loading frame (15) to position the neodymium iron boron alloy block.

6. The smelting apparatus for manufacturing sintered NdFeB permanent magnet materials according to claim 5, characterized in that, The positioning component includes a tapered bar (158) that is symmetrically embedded and slidably connected to the inside of the loading frame (15) for positioning the neodymium iron boron alloy block. Connecting springs (159) are evenly spaced between the tapered bar (158) and the loading frame (15).

7. The smelting apparatus for manufacturing sintered NdFeB permanent magnet materials according to claim 6, characterized in that, The smelting apparatus for manufacturing sintered NdFeB permanent magnet materials also includes a transparent window (16) fixedly connected to the smelting pot (1).

8. A smelting method for manufacturing sintered NdFeB permanent magnet materials, characterized in that, The smelting apparatus for manufacturing sintered NdFeB permanent magnet materials as described in claim 7 includes the following steps: S1. The device is started. First, the heating coil (4) is started to heat the melting tank (1). Then, cold water is discharged into the cavity (5). The cold water in the cavity (5) absorbs part of the heat energy in the melting tank (1). The cold water in the cavity (5) that has absorbed heat energy is discharged into the hollow circulation frame (9) through the connecting pipe (10). The heat energy in the cold water is used to heat the cylinder (8) through the hollow circulation frame (9). S2, feeding: The neodymium iron boron alloy block is placed into the cylinder (8) through the feed port (81). The electric spiral plate (12) is started to drive the neodymium iron boron alloy block to move downward in the n-shaped plate (11). During the downward movement, the neodymium iron boron alloy block is preheated by the temperature inside the cylinder (8). The preheated neodymium iron boron alloy block enters the melting tank (1) through the discharge port (82) and the opening (41) to be melted. Since the neodymium iron boron alloy block is preheated, the neodymium iron boron alloy block can be melted faster. S3. Discharge: After all the NdFeB alloy blocks in the melting tank (1) have been melted into a melt, start the discharge pipe (2). The discharge pipe (2) discharges the melt in the melting tank (1) for subsequent processing. After all the melt in the melting tank (1) has been discharged, close the discharge pipe (2).

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