Multimode optical fiber endoscopic imaging device and method based on adaptive alignment technology

Abstract

The invention discloses a multimode optical fiber endoscopic imaging device and method based on an adaptive alignment technology, and belongs to the technical field of optical fiber microscopic endoscopic imaging. Wherein the excitation module comprises a laser, a first lens and a second lens; the modulation coding module comprises a half-wave plate, a quarter-wave plate, a spatial light modulator and a beam splitter; the displacement coupling module comprises a first displacement objective lens coupling device and a multimode optical fiber; the transmission area array detection module comprises a second displacement objective lens coupling device, a linear polarizer, a reflector, a third lens and a first area array camera; the reflecting area array detection module comprises a first displacement objective lens coupling device, a beam splitter, a dichroscope, a fourth lens, a fifth lens and a second area array camera; and the total light intensity detection module comprises a photomultiplier connected with the dichroscope. Through the combination and cooperative work of the modules, the adaptive alignment technology is realized, and the imaging quality and precision of the multimode optical fiber endoscopic imaging system are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fiber optic microscopic endoscopy imaging technology, specifically relating to a multimode fiber optic endoscopy imaging device and method based on adaptive alignment technology. Background Technology

[0002] Endoscopic technology is widely used in medical, industrial inspection, and other fields. Its main function is to visualize and probe inside the human body or equipment through tubes or fiber optic systems. Traditional endoscopes, such as electronic endoscopes and fiber optic endoscopes, can effectively acquire images, but their application is limited by space constraints and imaging accuracy due to their large probes or limited resolution. With the advancement of technology, especially the development of fiber optic technology, the demand for miniaturized, portable, and high-resolution endoscopes is increasing.

[0003] Currently, some endoscopic systems in the industry have begun to use multimode fiber as the imaging transmission medium, especially in areas such as imaging in confined spaces, where significant progress has been made. Compared to traditional single-mode fiber or electronic endoscopes, multimode fiber endoscopes can achieve high-resolution imaging with smaller probe sizes, offering greater adaptability. Multimode fibers typically have diameters in the hundreds of micrometers, supporting multiple optical transmission modes operating in parallel, significantly improving imaging throughput. The core principle is that each input light field pattern excites a specific combination of modes in the fiber, forming a corresponding speckle pattern at the output. Furthermore, advanced technologies such as wavefront compensation and optical field modulation have been applied to address the modal dispersion problem in multimode fibers. For example, using spatial light modulators to pre-shape the input light, or pre-measuring the fiber's transmission matrix and reconstructing the image through inverse operations, theoretically, multimode fiber imaging systems can achieve higher resolution and a larger field of view.

[0004] Despite the significant potential of multimode fiber in endoscopic imaging, its application still faces considerable challenges. A key issue is achieving plug-and-play functionality. Because optical transmission within multimode fiber is heavily dependent on its mode distribution characteristics, any fiber bending, stress variation, or even minor alignment errors at the connector can significantly alter its transmission matrix, leading to drastic changes in the output light field. In practical scenarios, plug-and-play connections are frequently required between the endoscope probe and the imaging system, demanding rapid and precise connection of the endoscope. This places extremely high demands on the coupling accuracy of the fiber. The micron-sized dimensions of multimode fiber make it highly sensitive to docking errors; even slight coupling inaccuracies can alter the light field distribution, thus affecting image quality. This means that the system often requires cumbersome recalibration or complex adaptive optics adjustments to regain functionality, reducing the convenience and reliability required for clinical and industrial applications. Theoretically, each plug-and-play operation requires re-measuring the fiber's current transmission characteristics, a time-consuming process that demands high system stability and is ill-suited to the practical needs of rapid, reusable operation during surgery or on-site testing.

[0005] Therefore, improving fiber optic coupling accuracy while maintaining plug-and-play convenience and ensuring imaging quality is a major challenge in current technological development. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above, in order to solve the problem of poor imaging quality caused by coupling errors between the optical fiber and the imaging probe in traditional multimode fiber optic endoscope systems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a multimode fiber optic endoscopic imaging device and method based on adaptive alignment technology, which utilizes the image characteristics of speckle reflection to achieve fast and accurate alignment. Specifically, firstly, coarse alignment is performed by analyzing the position of the speckle reflection image to ensure basic matching between the optical fiber and the imaging system; then, the alignment process is further optimized based on the characteristics of the speckle image, achieving micron-level precise matching by adaptively adjusting the minute offset of the optical fiber. This process greatly reduces the errors in the traditional optical fiber coupling process, thereby ensuring high precision and high quality of the imaging system.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a multimode fiber optic endoscopic imaging device based on adaptive alignment technology, comprising: an excitation module, a modulation coding module, a displacement coupling module, a transmission array detection module, a reflection array detection module, and a total light intensity detection module; The excitation module provides a collimated and expanded light source and distributes it to the modulation and coding module. This module includes a laser, a first lens, and a second lens, which collimate and expand the light source to ensure that subsequent modules can acquire the required light source characteristics.

[0008] The modulation and coding module is used to modulate the aligned expanded beam light source, counteracting the spatial dispersion effect of the multimode fiber, and enabling the scanning of coding points after the light passes through the multimode fiber. This module sequentially includes a half-wave plate, a quarter-wave plate, a spatial light modulator, and a beam splitter. These components adjust the incident light through different modulation methods to ensure that the beam can be correctly encoded and transmitted through the optical fiber.

[0009] The displacement coupling module is used to perform mechanical adaptive alignment of the modulated beam before imaging, ensuring that the beam can be precisely coupled into the multimode fiber for transmission and avoiding coupling loss. This module sequentially includes a first displacement objective lens coupling device and a multimode fiber. By precisely adjusting the position and angle of these components, the coupling effect of the fiber is optimized, ensuring stable signal transmission.

[0010] The transmission array detection module is used to perform spatial dispersion calibration on the multimode fiber before imaging. It adjusts the beam passing through the multimode fiber using an optical 4F system, and transmits the image to the camera for precise imaging. This module sequentially includes a second displacement objective lens coupler, a linear polarizer, a mirror, a third lens, and a first array camera. These components work together to adjust the beam passing through the multimode fiber, enabling the imaging system to acquire a clear transmission image.

[0011] The reflective array detection module is used to collect reflected light transmitted through the multimode fiber before imaging and generate speckle images for analysis, as well as to calibrate the position of the multimode fiber. This module sequentially includes a first displacement objective lens coupler, a beam splitter, a dichroic mirror, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, and a second array camera. These components work together to guide the reflected light to the array camera to acquire the reflected image for further processing and analysis.

[0012] The total light intensity detection module is used to collect the intensity signal of reflected light during imaging and convert it into a voltage or current signal for detection. This module includes a photomultiplier tube connected to a dichroic mirror, which is used to detect the intensity of the light signal with high sensitivity and convert the signal into an electrical signal suitable for further analysis.

[0013] Preferably, in the displacement coupling module, by adjusting the position of the first displacement objective lens coupling device, the modulated beam is precisely coupled to the end face of the multimode fiber, so as to avoid coupling errors caused by beam deviation and inaccurate objective lens position.

[0014] Preferably, in the transmissive array detection module, an optical 4F system is formed by a second displacement objective lens coupler and a third lens. The front focal point of the second displacement objective lens coupler is located at the end face of the optical fiber, the rear focal point of the third lens is located at the camera chip of the first array camera, and the front focal point of the third lens is located at the entrance pupil of the objective lens of the second displacement objective lens coupler.

[0015] Preferably, in the reflective array detection module, the reflected light passes through an optical 4F system composed of a first displacement objective lens coupling device and a fourth lens, and is finally imaged by a second array camera to achieve speckle image imaging. By analyzing the features and details of the speckle image, coarse alignment of the fiber position and fine adjustment of each multimode fiber are achieved.

[0016] Preferably, the multimode fiber is a single-core multimode fiber, a multi-core multimode fiber, or a fiber bundle.

[0017] Preferably, the spatial light modulator is a liquid crystal spatial light modulator, a digital micromirror array, or a deformable mirror.

[0018] Preferably, the detection mode of the reflective array detection module is light intensity detection or complex amplitude detection.

[0019] Secondly, the present invention provides a multimode fiber optic endoscopic imaging method based on adaptive alignment technology, implemented using the aforementioned multimode fiber optic endoscopic imaging device based on adaptive alignment technology, comprising the following steps: S1, after the collimated beam expander light source is emitted by the excitation module, it enters the modulation and coding module for optical modulation. The modulated beam passes through the first displacement objective lens coupling device in the displacement coupling module and is transmitted to the transmission array detection module through the multimode fiber. The position of the first displacement objective lens coupling device is adjusted to ensure that the fiber end face is precisely conjugated with the camera chip and to compensate for the inherent spatial dispersion of the multimode fiber. S2. Before imaging, the beam illuminates the target sample through a multimode fiber. The reflected light returns through the same multimode fiber and is received by the reflective array detection module to obtain a speckle image of the reflected light. Based on the feature points of the speckle image, the fiber is coarsely aligned. Further analysis of the detailed features of the speckle image is used to finely align the fiber to calibrate the spatial dispersion effect of the multimode fiber. S3, during the imaging process, uses the total light intensity detection module to collect the intensity signal of the reflected light, and realizes image reconstruction of the target sample in the aligned state for further analysis.

[0020] Preferably, the position and angle of the light field incident on the multimode fiber are controlled by using the spatial light modulator in the modulation and coding module and phase modulation.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least the following: This invention achieves adaptive alignment by adjusting the first displacement objective lens coupling device, effectively solving the problem of signal attenuation and imaging failure caused by minute alignment deviations in multimode fibers. It achieves true "plug-and-play" operation, significantly improving the practicality and stability of the endoscope system. Firstly, the precise calibration of the spatial dispersion of the multimode fiber using the transmission array detection module enables the system to quickly respond to and compensate for disturbances caused by fiber deformation and connection changes during subsequent imaging. This ensures high-resolution imaging while maintaining ease of operation and system adaptability. Furthermore, the collaborative work of the reflection array detection module and the total light intensity detection module allows for real-time acquisition of reflection speckle images and total light intensity signals, achieving high-precision fiber position correction and high-quality image reconstruction. This improves the system's robustness and imaging signal-to-noise ratio, possessing significant clinical application and industrial testing value. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multimode fiber optic endoscopic imaging device based on adaptive alignment technology provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The dashed lines indicate the parts that need to be connected for pre-imaging calibration and removed during the imaging process. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of multimode fiber alignment provided in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the position and characteristic distribution of speckle have changed, realizing the process from coarse alignment to fine alignment; Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of the multimode fiber optic endoscopic imaging method based on adaptive alignment technology provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The specific reference numerals in the figure are as follows: 1. Laser; 2. First lens; 3. Second lens; 4. Half-wave plate; 5. Quarter-wave plate; 6. Spatial light modulator; 7. Beam splitter; 8. First displacement objective lens coupling device; 9. Multimode fiber; 10. Second displacement objective lens coupling device; 11. Linear polarizer; 12. Mirror; 13. Third lens; 14. First area array camera; 15. Dichroic mirror; 16. Photomultiplier tube; 17. Fourth lens; 18. Fifth lens; 19. Second area array camera. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the scope of protection of this invention.

[0025] To address the coupling error problem between the optical fiber and the imaging probe in traditional multimode fiber optic endoscope systems, which often leads to poor imaging quality, this invention provides a multimode fiber optic endoscope imaging device and method based on adaptive alignment technology. By combining reflective speckle image features and the adaptive alignment method, this invention can significantly improve the accuracy and quality of the imaging system.

[0026] The working principle of the multimode fiber optic endoscopic imaging device based on adaptive alignment technology provided in the embodiments of the present invention is described in detail below.

[0027] First is the activation module. For example... Figure 1 As shown, a stable collimated laser source is first provided by a single-wavelength laser 1. The beam emitted by laser 1 is collimated and expanded by a first lens 2 and a second lens 3 to form a uniform light source distribution. The first lens 2 is responsible for the initial collimation of the laser beam, while the second lens 3 expands the beam to ensure uniform light source distribution and avoid focusing failure affecting subsequent imaging. In this way, the laser beam is evenly distributed to the subsequent modulation and coding module and other imaging modules, ensuring light source quality.

[0028] Next, the core task of the modulation and coding module is to adjust the optical characteristics of the light source to compensate for the spatial dispersion effect during the transmission of multimode fiber 9. This module includes optical components such as a half-wave plate 4, a quarter-wave plate 5, a spatial light modulator 6, and a beam splitter 7. The half-wave plate 4 and quarter-wave plate 5 are used to adjust the polarization state of the beam, ensuring that the beam can be effectively modulated in subsequent steps. The spatial light modulator 6 optimizes the spatial light field mode of the light source by adjusting the phase and amplitude modes, compensating for the distortion caused by the propagation characteristics of multimode fiber 9. The beam splitter 7 is used to split the beam, distributing the light source to different imaging and detection modules.

[0029] After the light source modulation is completed, the modulated beam enters the displacement coupling module. This module precisely controls the coupling of the beam into the multimode fiber 9 through mechanical adjustment, ensuring that each single-mode fiber can stably receive the light source and avoiding coupling errors. After the excitation beam passes through the dichroic mirror 15, the polarization state and direction of the beam are adjusted by the linear polarizer 11. The first displacement objective lens coupling device 8 plays an important role in this module; it can precisely adjust the position of the objective lens to ensure that the beam can be perfectly coupled to the end face of the multimode fiber 9. Through this adjustment, the system can avoid coupling errors caused by beam deviation and inaccurate objective lens position.

[0030] As the light beam enters the multimode fiber 9, it propagates along the fiber and is transmitted to the imaging system. The transmission array detection module is responsible for calibrating the spatial dispersion of the light beam after passing through the multimode fiber 9. The light beam first passes through the second displacement objective lens coupler 10, then through the linear polarizer 11 and the reflector 12, and finally its transmission path is adjusted by the third lens 13. This module, consisting of the second displacement objective lens coupler 10 and the third lens 13, forms an optical 4F system, which can effectively image the transmitted light beam onto the first array camera 14. Through this system, the spatial dispersion of the light beam can be captured and effectively compensated before imaging, ensuring that the image is not distorted by dispersion.

[0031] During the reflection imaging process, the reflection array detection module is used to further improve the alignment accuracy between the optical fiber and the imaging system. Light reflected by the multimode fiber 9 and transmitted through the first displacement objective lens coupler 8 and beam splitter 7 is split into two paths by the dichroic mirror 15. One path passes through the fourth lens 17 and the fifth lens 18 before being received and imaged by the second array camera 19. The other path is received by the photomultiplier tube 16 of the total light intensity detection module. The optical 4F system, composed of the first displacement objective lens coupler 8 and the fourth lens 17, ensures accurate imaging on the second array camera 19. The system utilizes the characteristics of the reflection speckle image, analyzes the image using image processing algorithms, calculates the deviation in fiber position, and then performs coarse alignment. Feature points in the reflection speckle image are extracted and used as feedback signals for initial alignment. By precisely analyzing the detailed information in the reflection image, the system can fine-tune each multimode fiber 9 to achieve fine alignment, controlling the error of each fiber to the micrometer level, ultimately eliminating imaging errors caused by inaccurate fiber position.

[0032] like Figure 2 The diagram shows the alignment of the multimode fiber 9. After coarse and fine alignment of the multimode fiber 9, the system's adaptive alignment method ensures the coupling accuracy between the fiber and the imaging probe throughout the imaging process. Throughout the imaging process, the system continuously monitors the coupling accuracy between the fiber and the imaging probe using real-time feedback of the reflected speckle image, ensuring that each fiber is in the optimal coupling position. This process effectively avoids errors that may occur during traditional fiber coupling, ensuring precise control of the fiber position and thus improving imaging quality.

[0033] Based on the same inventive concept, such as Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment of the invention also provides a multimode fiber optic endoscopic imaging method based on adaptive alignment technology, which is implemented based on the multimode fiber optic endoscopic imaging device based on adaptive alignment technology provided in the above embodiment, and includes the following steps: S1, after the collimated beam expander light source is emitted by the excitation module, it enters the modulation and coding module for optical modulation. The modulated beam passes through the first displacement objective lens coupling device 8 in the displacement coupling module and is transmitted to the transmission array detection module through the multimode fiber 9. The position of the first displacement objective lens coupling device 8 is adjusted to ensure that the fiber end face is precisely conjugate with the camera chip and to compensate for the inherent spatial dispersion of the multimode fiber 9.

[0034] Specifically, the excitation module, modulation and coding module, displacement coupling module, transmission array detection module, reflection array detection module, and total light intensity detection module are connected. First, the laser 1 in the excitation module emits an excitation beam, which is collimated and expanded sequentially by the first lens 2 and the second lens 3 before entering the modulation and coding module. The collimated and expanded light source is optically modulated sequentially by the half-wave plate 4, quarter-wave plate 5, spatial light modulator 6, and beam splitter 7 of the modulation and coding module. The modulated beam passes through the first displacement objective lens coupling device 8 in the displacement coupling module and is then transmitted through multimode fiber 9. The transmission and reflection matrices of all fibers are pre-calibrated. If a fiber is replaced or plugged in, the corresponding fiber's transmission and reflection matrices need to be retrieved to ensure that the optical parameters of each fiber are correctly updated. Subsequently, the beam passes through the second displacement objective lens coupling device 10, linear polarizer 11, reflector 12, and third lens 13 before entering the first array camera 14. During this process, by adjusting the optical 4F system composed of the first displacement objective lens coupling device 8 and the third lens 13, the objective lens position of the first displacement objective lens coupling device 8 is specifically adjusted to ensure that the fiber end face is precisely conjugate with the camera chip, ensuring accurate beam transmission and imaging, so as to calibrate the spatial dispersion effect during beam transmission, thereby ensuring that the imaging quality is not affected by the dispersion of the multimode fiber 9.

[0035] S2. Before imaging, the beam illuminates the target sample through the multimode fiber 9. The reflected light returns through the same multimode fiber 9 and is received by the reflective array detection module to obtain a speckle image of the reflected light. Based on the feature points of the speckle image, the fiber is coarsely aligned. Further analysis of the detailed features of the speckle image is used to finely align the fiber to calibrate the spatial dispersion effect of the multimode fiber 9.

[0036] Specifically, before imaging, speckle alignment is performed using a reflective array detection module. The excitation light, after passing through a modulation and coding module, is transmitted to the target sample (located between the multimode fiber 9 and the second displacement objective lens coupling device 10) via multimode fiber 9. The reflected light returns via the same multimode fiber 9, is received by the reflective array detection module, and enters the second array camera 19, resulting in a speckle image of the reflected light. Utilizing the characteristics of the reflected speckle image, combined with image processing algorithms, the fiber position deviation is calculated in real time, and coarse alignment is performed. Specifically, feature points in the reflected speckle image are extracted, and the fiber deviation is calculated using a preliminary alignment algorithm to guide the adjustment of the fiber position. This is achieved by adjusting the fringe angle and direction of the spatial light modulator 6, randomly modifying its settings, and detecting the overall position of the reflected speckle to achieve coarse alignment. This process, through image feedback, ensures the coarse alignment of the fiber position and provides a basis for subsequent fine adjustments.

[0037] After coarse alignment, the fringe angle and direction of the spatial light modulator 6 are further finely modified. By finely adjusting its angle and direction, the modulation of the beam is precisely controlled, thereby optimizing the spatial distribution characteristics of the speckle. At this time, a high-resolution second-array camera 19 is used to capture the reflected speckle image. Using an image feedback mechanism, the spatial distribution of the speckle is accurately detected. The spatial light modulator 6 is finely adjusted based on the detailed information of the reflected speckle image. Finally, it is loaded into the original transmission matrix. By accurately calculating the relative position of each multimode fiber 9 and finely adjusting it, the micron-level alignment between the fiber and the light field is ensured, thereby optimizing the beam transmission quality and providing a solid foundation for subsequent imaging.

[0038] S3, during the imaging process, uses the total light intensity detection module to collect the intensity signal of the reflected light, and realizes image reconstruction of the target sample in the aligned state for further analysis.

[0039] Specifically, the reflected light signal is converted into a voltage or current signal by the photomultiplier tube 16 in the total light intensity detection module for detection, and the measured data is used for image reconstruction and subsequent analysis. The temporal arrangement of the images ensures the accurate transmission of speckle image information and evaluates the signal-to-noise ratio of the image. If the signal-to-noise ratio does not meet the requirements, the transmission and imaging effects can be optimized by adjusting the aforementioned spatial light modulator 6 and the fiber position. Through this process, it is ensured that the light signal transmitted through reflection via the multimode fiber 9 can be accurately detected, thereby obtaining high-quality image results and ultimately optimizing the image quality and sharpness.

[0040] The specific embodiments described above illustrate the technical solution and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only the most preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, additions, and equivalent substitutions made within the scope of the principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multimode fiber optic endoscopic imaging device based on adaptive alignment technology, characterized in that, include: Excitation module, modulation and coding module, displacement coupling module, transmission array detection module, reflection array detection module and total light intensity detection module; The excitation module includes a laser, a first lens, and a second lens, which are used to provide a collimating and expanding light source. The modulation and coding module includes a half-wave plate, a quarter-wave plate, a spatial light modulator, and a beam splitter, which are used to modulate the straight-expanded beam light source, cancel the spatial dispersion effect of the multimode fiber, and enable the light to scan the coding points after passing through the multimode fiber. The displacement coupling module includes a first displacement objective lens coupling device and a multimode fiber, which are used to perform mechanical adaptive alignment of the modulated beam before imaging to optimize the coupling effect of the fiber. The transmission array detection module includes, in sequence, a second displacement objective lens coupling device, a linear polarizer, a reflector, a third lens, and a first array camera. It is used to perform spatial dispersion calibration on the multimode fiber before imaging, adjust the beam passing through the multimode fiber, and accurately image the beam. The reflective array detection module includes, in sequence, a first displacement objective lens coupling device, a beam splitter, a dichroic mirror, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, and a second array camera. It is used to collect the reflected light transmitted through the multimode fiber before imaging and generate a speckle image for analysis, and to perform position calibration on the multimode fiber. The total light intensity detection module includes a photomultiplier tube connected to a dichroic mirror, used to collect the intensity signal of reflected light during the imaging process and convert it into a voltage or current signal for detection.

2. The multimode fiber optic endoscopic imaging device based on adaptive alignment technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the displacement coupling module, by adjusting the position of the first displacement objective lens coupling device, the modulated beam is precisely coupled to the end face of the multimode fiber, so as to avoid coupling errors caused by beam deviation and inaccurate objective lens position.

3. The multimode fiber optic endoscopic imaging device based on adaptive alignment technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the transmission array detection module, an optical 4F system is formed by a second displacement objective lens coupler and a third lens. The front focal point of the second displacement objective lens coupler is located at the end face of the optical fiber, the rear focal point of the third lens is located at the camera chip of the first array camera, and the front focal point of the third lens is located at the entrance pupil of the objective lens of the second displacement objective lens coupler.

4. The multimode fiber optic endoscopic imaging device based on adaptive alignment technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the reflective array detection module, the reflected light passes through an optical 4F system consisting of a first displacement objective lens coupling device and a fourth lens, and is finally imaged by a second array camera to achieve speckle image imaging. By analyzing the features and details of the speckle image, coarse alignment of the fiber position and fine adjustment of each multimode fiber are achieved.

5. The multimode fiber optic endoscopic imaging device based on adaptive alignment technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multimode fiber is a single-core multimode fiber, a multi-core multimode fiber, or a fiber bundle.

6. The multimode fiber optic endoscopic imaging device based on adaptive alignment technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spatial light modulator is a liquid crystal spatial light modulator, a digital micromirror array, or a deformable mirror.

7. The multimode fiber optic endoscopic imaging device based on adaptive alignment technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection mode of the reflective array detection module is either light intensity detection or complex amplitude detection.

8. A multimode fiber optic endoscopic imaging method based on adaptive alignment technology, implemented using the multimode fiber optic endoscopic imaging device based on adaptive alignment technology as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, after the collimated beam expander light source is emitted by the excitation module, it enters the modulation and coding module for optical modulation. The modulated beam passes through the first displacement objective lens coupling device in the displacement coupling module and is transmitted to the transmission array detection module through the multimode fiber. The position of the first displacement objective lens coupling device is adjusted to ensure that the fiber end face is precisely conjugated with the camera chip and to compensate for the inherent spatial dispersion of the multimode fiber. S2. Before imaging, the beam illuminates the target sample through a multimode fiber. The reflected light returns through the same multimode fiber and is received by the reflective array detection module to obtain a speckle image of the reflected light. Based on the feature points of the speckle image, the fiber is coarsely aligned. Further analysis of the detailed features of the speckle image is used to finely align the fiber to calibrate the spatial dispersion effect of the multimode fiber. S3, during the imaging process, uses the total light intensity detection module to collect the intensity signal of the reflected light, and realizes image reconstruction of the target sample in the aligned state for further analysis.

9. The multimode fiber optic endoscopic imaging method based on adaptive alignment technology according to claim 8, characterized in that, Using the spatial light modulator in the modulation and coding module, the position and angle of the light field incident on the multimode fiber are controlled by phase modulation.

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