Electricity supplementing maintenance system for charging battery cell in turn by adopting large current and charging method

Abstract

The invention provides an electricity supplementing maintenance system and a charging method for charging battery cells in turn by adopting large current, the system comprises N battery cells which are connected in series, and N + 1 charging wires with large wire diameters are connected to electrodes which are connected pairwise. A charging socket is connected with the charging wires and a charging plug, a current input control assembly and a current output control assembly respectively comprising N relays form a relay control module electrically connected with the charging plug, and the relay control module is connected with a battery management system and a charger through wires. Therefore, large current output by the charger can pass through two charging wires on two sides of the battery cell to charge the battery cell through the on-off states of the relays of the current input control assembly and the current output control assembly. And after the battery cells are charged, the external power is enabled to carry out large-current charging / charging on the different battery cells one by one by changing the connection and disconnection of part of the relays.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of rechargeable batteries, and more particularly to a battery module and its charging method that can provide a large current of at least 15 amps for cell balancing and charging. Background Technology

[0002] Generally, car batteries have a lifespan of 2 to 3 years, with original batteries in new cars lasting over 3 years. Car owners should have their batteries checked during routine maintenance around two and a half years into their battery life; this can help prevent problems. However, many new car owners experience rapid battery aging due to some poor driving habits. Even for experienced car owners, prolonged parking or excessive use of electronic devices can drain the battery.

[0003] The battery is the core component of an electric vehicle, and its energy capacity, voltage, safety, range, and charging time are all factors that must be considered in practical applications. Among these, battery charging time has always been a challenging problem. To increase battery durability, battery management systems typically incorporate a battery pack voltage balancing circuit to independently regulate the charging and discharging of each cell in the battery pack, minimizing the capacity or voltage differences between individual cells. This approach includes using energy storage components such as capacitors and inductors to transfer energy between cells in different strings, or using power resistors to instantly discharge cells in different strings.

[0004] To address the issue of cell charging and discharging balance, a known battery system, voltage balancing program control method, and balance capacity calculation method, such as Chinese Patent CN113541224B, discloses a system comprising several cell units, a communication bus, and a main control unit. Each cell unit includes several cells in series, an isolated charger, a switch array circuit, a balance slave switch, and a balance slave controller. The main control unit includes a main balance controller, a master balance switch, and a system current and capacity measurement unit. When the error between the balance detection voltage calculated by each balance slave controller and the balance detection voltage calculated by the main balance controller is less than a set error value, the master balance switch and specific balance slave switches on the cell units are activated to charge specific cells in series, achieving voltage balance.

[0005] Secondly, Chinese patent CN114301130B discloses the field of battery equalization charging technology. First, it obtains the voltage at the end of each individual cell, the voltage difference between the highest and lowest voltages, and the total battery voltage. It then determines whether the voltage difference exceeds a first preset value and whether the highest voltage exceeds a second preset value. If so, it controls the activation of the passive equalization circuit in the BMS system to discharge the highest voltage cell. Otherwise, it executes the following steps: it determines whether the battery is fully charged. If not, it obtains the voltage at the end of each individual cell detected by the battery's BMS system at the current moment, thereby obtaining the lowest voltage cell and charging it. If the battery is fully charged, it automatically stops charging.

[0006] Furthermore, the typical method for charging battery cells requires disassembling the corresponding battery box and then using a charger to charge the cells that need charging. If the charger's electrodes cannot directly contact the cell electrodes, charging must be performed via the voltage sampling lines of the Battery Management System (BMS). However, because the diameter of these sampling lines is generally very small, only a very small current can be used for charging, resulting in a long charging time. Moreover, battery boxes are typically very heavy, weighing anywhere from tens to two or three hundred kilograms, making them difficult to move. Secondly, charging with a small current is extremely time-consuming and makes it difficult to fully charge all the cells. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a battery module and charging system that can directly charge the battery cells with a large current, and the charging method adopts a large current transmission and charging without disassembling the battery box.

[0008] To achieve the aforementioned objectives and effects, this invention discloses a battery maintenance system employing high-current alternating charging of battery cells, comprising: a battery module comprising N battery cells connected in series to form a combination, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; N+1 charging cables, one of which is connected to the positive electrode on one side of the combination of the N battery cells, another charging cable is connected to the negative electrode on the other side of the combination of the N battery cells, and the remaining N-1 charging cables are respectively connected between the positive and negative electrodes of two adjacent battery cells in the combination of the N battery cells; N-1 voltage detection lines are respectively connected between the positive and negative electrodes of two adjacent battery cells in the combination of the N battery cells; and a charging socket having N+1 electrical contacts for each... The device includes an N+1 charging cables connected to the charging socket; a charging device comprising a relay control module with a plurality of relays; a charger and a battery management system electrically connected to the relay control module; the relay control module electrically connected to the charging socket; and the battery management module electrically connected to N-1 voltage detection lines to receive the voltage of each battery cell. By allowing the relays in the relay control module to be in either closed or open state, the power output by the charger can pass through the relay control module and the two charging cables on both sides of each battery cell to charge the battery cell. After the battery cell is fully charged, by changing the closed and open states of some of the relays, the power provided by the charger can be used to charge different battery cells with high current one by one.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, it further includes a charging plug connection relay control module having N+1 pins, and the N+1 pins are used to connect to the N+1 electrical contacts of the charging socket.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, preferably, each of the N+1 charging lines is electrically connected to at least one relay. By changing the closed and open circuit states of the relay, the large current of the external power sequentially enters different battery cells for high-current alternating charging. Furthermore, the wire diameter is 2.0mm or more.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, preferably, the charging line connected to the positive electrode on one side of the combination of the N battery cells and the charging line connected to the negative electrode on the other side of the combination of the N battery cells are each connected to a relay.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, preferably, the N-1 charging lines connected between the positive and negative electrodes of the two adjacent battery cells are all used to connect the two relays.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, it further includes a voltage signal port connecting each of the voltage detection lines, and the voltage signal port is interconnected with the battery management system via a signal line.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, it further includes N-1 temperature detection lines, which are respectively connected between the positive and negative electrodes of two adjacent cells in the combination of N cells, and the battery management module is electrically connected to the N-1 temperature detection lines to receive the temperature of each cell.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, it further includes a temperature signal port connected to each of the temperature detection lines, and the temperature signal port is interconnected with the battery management system via a signal line.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, it further includes a housing for accommodating a combination of N battery cells, and the charging socket protruding from the surface of the housing.

[0017] This invention also discloses a method for replenishing and maintaining battery cells using high-current sequential charging. This method involves charging N cells of a used battery module, and includes the following steps: connecting a battery module and a charging device, and acquiring the voltage of each cell in the battery module; checking the voltage of the first cell, and using a high-current control module via a relay to charge only the first cell; when the first cell reaches a predetermined voltage, stopping charging the first cell by switching a predetermined number of relays in the control module, and starting high-current charging of the second cell; when the second cell reaches a predetermined voltage, stopping charging the second cell by switching a predetermined number of relays in the control module, and starting high-current charging of the third cell; and so on, until all N cells have been sequentially charged with high current.

[0018] In one embodiment, a charging plug connection relay control module with N+1 pins is further included, and the N+1 pins are used to connect to the N+1 electrical contacts of the charging socket.

[0019] In one embodiment, each of the N+1 charging lines is electrically connected to at least one relay. By changing the closed and open states of the relays, a large current from external power sequentially enters different battery cells for high-current alternating charging. The charging line connected to the positive electrode on one side of the assembly of the N battery cells, and the charging line connected to the negative electrode on the other side of the assembly of the N battery cells, are each connected to a relay. The N-1 charging lines connected between the positive and negative electrodes of two adjacent battery cells are each used to connect to two relays.

[0020] In one embodiment, the system further includes a voltage signal port connected to each of the voltage detection lines, and the voltage signal port is interconnected with the battery management system via a signal line. It also includes N-1 temperature detection lines, each connected between the positive and negative electrodes of two adjacent cells in the N-cell assembly, and the battery management module is electrically connected to the N-1 temperature detection lines to receive the temperature of each cell. A temperature signal port is connected to each of the temperature detection lines, and the temperature signal port is interconnected with the battery management system via a signal line.

[0021] In one embodiment, the device further includes a housing for accommodating a combination of N cells, and the charging socket protruding from the surface of the housing.

[0022] To make the above features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a combined appearance diagram of the battery module and the housing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the battery cells connected in series in a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the battery module, charging plug, and signal line in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of high-current charging according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the charging steps of the present invention.

[0029] The components include: 100 battery module; 101-108 battery cells; 109a-109g electrode connecting pieces; 110 negative output line; 111 positive output line; 120 housing; 121 cover; 121a-121i openings; 130a-130g voltage detection lines; 131a-131g temperature detection lines; 140 management module; 141 substrate; 142 battery management unit; 143, 144 signal connection ports; 145 charging socket; 145a-145i electrical contacts; 190 charging equipment; 200 charging plug; 200a-200i pins; 300 charging equipment; 301-309 charging cables; 310 relay control module; 311 current input control component; 312 current output control component; 320 charger; 330, 340 signal lines; 400 battery management system; and 410 human-machine interface. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The various embodiments discussed below with reference to the accompanying drawings are merely for explaining the purpose of the invention. Furthermore, the descriptions made with reference to the drawings represent preferred embodiments of the invention. It should be understood that these drawings and descriptions are for illustrative purposes only. For example, terms such as "upper" and "lower," "front" and "rear," "first" and "second," etc., used in the specification are to clearly indicate the relative positions between elements or mechanisms and are not intended as limiting terms.

[0032] Please see Figure 1The figure shows a battery module 100 comprising N cells 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, and 108. The aforementioned value N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and the battery module 100 shown in the figure comprising eight cells 101 to 108 is merely an example and not intended to be limiting. Each cell 101 to 108 has a positive electrode and a negative electrode. These eight cells 101 to 108 are arranged side-by-side, and the positive and negative electrodes of any two adjacent cells are connected by electrode connecting pieces 109a, 109b, 109c, 109d, 109e, 109b, and 109g, thereby forming an electrical series connection between the cells 101 to 108. On one side of the assembly of the aforementioned cells 101-108, the negative electrode of cell 101 is connected to a negative output line 110, and on the other side of the assembly of cells 101-108, the positive electrode of cell 108 is connected to a positive output line 111. Thus, the assembly of eight cells 101-108 can output power through the positive output line 111 and the negative output line 110.

[0033] Secondly, the battery module 100 also includes a housing 120 for mounting the aforementioned battery cells 101 to 108 inside it, and the housing 120 is covered by a cover 121. The cover 121 has a plurality of openings 121a, 121b, 121c, 121d, 121e, 121f, 121g, 121h, and 121i, and when the cover 121 is installed in the housing 120, the positive electrode and negative electrode of each battery cell 101 to 108 can be contacted through each of the openings 121a to 121i respectively.

[0034] Please see Figure 2 In this embodiment, each of the electrode connecting pieces 109a to 109g is connected to a voltage detection line 130a, 130b, 130c, 130d, 130e, 130f, 130g and a temperature detection line 131a, 131b, 131c, 131d, 131e, 131f, 131g, so as to obtain the voltage and temperature of each cell 101 to 108.

[0035] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3The present invention further includes a battery management module 140 installed within the housing 120 and connected to the assembly of each of the battery cells 101-108. More specifically, the management module 140 includes a battery management unit (BMU) 142 disposed on a substrate 141, electrically connected to two signal connection ports 143 and 144, and a charging socket 145. The two signal connection ports 143 and 144 and the charging socket 145 of the battery management module 140 are exposed on the surface of the housing 120. Furthermore, each of the voltage detection lines 130a-130g is electrically connected to the signal connection port 143, and each of the temperature detection lines 131a-131g is electrically connected to the signal connection port 144. The charging socket 145 is connected to a cable for charging the battery cells. Thus, the battery module 100 and the management module 140 are connected.

[0036] Please see Figure 4 In this invention, after the battery cells 101-108 are connected in series, a charging cable 301, 309 is connected to one positive electrode and one negative electrode of each battery cell 101 and 108 on both sides of the assembly. Next, a charging cable 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308 is sequentially connected between each pair of connected battery cells 101-108. In this embodiment, each charging cable 301-309 is connected to an electrical contact 145a, 145b, 145c, 145d, 145e, 145f, 145g, 145h, 145i of the charging socket 145. It is worth noting that each charging cable 301-309 has a wire diameter sufficient to withstand a large current (e.g., 20 amps). In other words, it can be charged directly with a large current.

[0037] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the charging socket 145 of the battery module 100 is connected to a charging plug 200. The charging plug 200 has a plurality of pins 200a, 200b, 200c, 200d, 200e, 200f, 200g, 200h, and 200i, which are respectively connected to the electrical contacts 145a, 145b, 145c, 145d, 145e, 145f, 145g, 145h, and 145i of the charging socket 135.

[0038] To perform high-current alternating charging of each of the battery cells 101-108, this embodiment uses a charging device 300 electrically connected to the battery module 100 via a charging plug 200. The charging device 300 includes a relay control module 310 connected to the charging plug 200, an external power input charger 320 connected to the relay control module 310, and a battery management system 400 electrically connected to the charger 320 and the relay control module 310. A human-machine interface 410 is electrically connected to the battery management system 400 to display and monitor the charging status of each of the battery cells 101-108 during the charging process.

[0039] In one feasible embodiment, the relay control module 310 includes a plurality of relays R01 to R16, and each charging line 301 to 309 is electrically connected to at least one relay. Furthermore, eight relays R01, R03, R05, R07, R09, R11, R13, and R15 are located in the current input direction path; therefore, the combination of these eight relays is defined as a current input control component 311. The other eight relays R02, R04, R06, R08, R10, R12, R14, and R16 are located in the current output direction path; therefore, the combination of these eight relays is defined as a current output control component 312. The current input control component 311 can be a programmable logic controller (PLC).

[0040] In the design of the wiring: (1) The charging cable 301 is electrically connected to the relay R01 in the current input control component 311. (2) The charging cable 302 is connected to the relay R02 in the current output control component 312 and to the relay R03 in the current input control component 311. (3) The charging cable 303 is connected to the relay R04 in the current output control component 312 and to the relay R05 in the current input control component 311. (4) The charging cable 304 is connected to the relay R06 in the current output control component 312 and to the relay R07 in the current input control component 311. (5) The charging cable 305 is connected to the relay R08 in the current output control component 312 and to the relay R09 in the current input control component 311. (6) The charging cable 306 is connected to the relay R10 in the current output control component 312 and to the relay R11 in the current input control component 311. (7) The charging cable 307 is connected to relay R12 in the current output control component 312 and relay R13 in the current input control component 311. (8) The charging cable 308 is connected to relay R14 in the current output control component 312 and relay R15 in the current input control component 311. (9) The charging cable 309 is connected to relay R16 in the current output control component 312. As can be seen from the above wiring diagram, except for the charging cables 301 and 309 located on both sides which are connected to a relay, each of the charging cables 302 to 308 can be electrically connected to one of the relays in the current input control component 311 and one of the relays in the current output control component 312. Thus, during the charging process, by adjusting the circuit of the corresponding relays R02 to R15, each of the charging cables 302 to 308 can serve as both the input wire and the output wire of the charging current.

[0041] The aforementioned charging cables 310-309 are connected to the current input control component 311 and the current output control component 312 via the charging plug 200 connected to the charging socket 145. For example, charging cable 301 is connected to relay R01 via electrical contact 145a, pin 200a, and a pre-set wire; charging cable 302 is connected to relay R02 and another relay R03 via electrical contact 145b, pin 200b, and a pre-set wire. Furthermore, charging cable 303 is connected to relay R04 and another relay R05 via electrical contact 145c, pin 200c, and a pre-set wire.

[0042] Secondly, by controlling the open and closed states of relays R01, R03, R05, R07, R09, R11, R13, and R15, and the corresponding open and closed states of other relays R02, R04, R06, R08, R10, R12, R14, and R16, the power output from the charger 320 can be channeled through the designated battery cell for charging. In other words, by controlling the circuit configuration of the relay control module 310 and the open and closed states of different relays, a large external current can be sequentially introduced into different battery cells 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, and 108 for alternating high-current charging.

[0043] Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment can be applied to charging when the battery module 100 is not in a state of depletion or low power. In other words, this embodiment can be applied to charging or replenishing power as needed for routine maintenance. In use, in addition to the charging socket 145 connecting to the charging plug 200, the signal connection port 143, which is connected to each of the voltage detection lines 130a, 130b, 130c, 130d, 130e, 130f, and 130g, is connected to a battery management system 400 via a signal line 330; the signal connection port 144, which is connected to each of the temperature detection lines 131a, 131b, 131c, 131d, 131e, 131f, and 131g, is also connected to the battery management system 400 via another signal line 340. Furthermore, the battery management system 400 is electrically connected to the relay control module 310.

[0044] The voltage of each cell 101-108 is transmitted to the battery management system 400 via signal line 330, allowing a clear understanding of the difference between the current voltage (capacity) and the rated full-load voltage (capacity) of each cell 101-108. The battery management system 400 then controls a specific number of relays in the relay control module 310 to either open or close, ensuring that external power 320 charges only the first cell 101. More specifically, when relays R01 and R02 are closed while other relays R03-R16 are open, external current 310 charges cell 101.

[0045] Since this embodiment uses a large current to charge a single battery cell, the battery cell 101 can reach its rated voltage (charge) in a short time. At the same time, the voltage detection line 130a acquires the voltage status of the battery cell 101 and transmits it to the battery management system 400 via the signal line 330. Then, the battery management system 400 controls a specific number of relays in the relay control module 310 to be either closed or open. For example, two relays R03 and R04 form a closed circuit, while other relays R01, R02, and R05 to R16 are open circuits. The second battery cell 102 forms a closed circuit with the external power 320, and the external power 320 can charge the battery cell 102. At the same time, the signal line 330 transmits the voltage of the battery cell 102 back to the battery management system 400 until the battery cell 102 is fully charged. Similarly, the other cells 103 to 108 in this embodiment can be charged one by one in sequence by changing the circuit to open or closed circuit in conjunction with a specific number of relays in the relay control module 310, thereby achieving the effect of charging each of the cells 101 to 108 in turn.

[0046] It is worth noting that each of the charging cables 301-309 in this embodiment has a large wire diameter, which is sufficient to carry a large current. Therefore, by directly charging each battery cell 101-108 with a large current, the overall charging time can be shortened. The aforementioned large wire diameter is 2.0mm or more. In this embodiment, American Wire Gauge (AWG) #12 wire is selected, which has a wire diameter of approximately 2.05mm and can carry a permissible current of 20-30 amps.

[0047] Secondly, in this example, the charging socket 145 is exposed on the surface of the housing 120, allowing the operator to directly connect to the charging plug 200. Furthermore, the external power 320 from the charging plug 200 and the charging socket 145 can directly charge each of the different battery cells 101 to 108 with a large current. Therefore, the user does not need to disassemble the housing 120 or open the cover 121, nor does the user need to use clamps to clamp each battery cell onto its electrodes for charging. Thus, the operation of this embodiment is significantly simpler than the traditional method.

[0048] In addition, in this embodiment, each of the two electrodes of each of the cells 101 to 108 is connected to a charging cable, and the charging cables 302 to 308 of the positive and negative electrodes of the cells 102 to 107 located in the middle position can be shared. Therefore, compared with the traditional form of connecting an external charging cable to the positive and negative electrodes of each cell, this embodiment can not only accurately charge or replenish the power of each of the cells 101 to 108, but also has the effects of significantly reducing the number of cables used, reducing the inconvenience caused by wiring, and having less line loss voltage difference.

[0049] In this embodiment, each of the battery cells 101-108 is connected to a temperature detection line 131a, 131b, 131c, 131d, 131e, 131f, 131g to obtain the cell temperature during charging. The obtained cell temperature is transmitted to the battery management system 400 through the signal connection port 134 and the signal line 340. Once an abnormal temperature is detected, the relay control module can be controlled, thus eliminating concerns about temperature runaway during charging. In addition, in this embodiment, each of the battery cells 101-108 is connected to the battery management unit 142 with a shorter distance for the voltage detection lines 130a-130g and the temperature detection lines 131a-131g, converting analog voltage information into digital information. This facilitates accurate cell charging and precise monitoring of temperature runaway during charging.

[0050] The positive output line 110 and negative output line 111 disclosed in this embodiment of the invention are different from the charging lines 301 and 309 on both sides. This allows for discharging using the positive output line 110 and negative output line 111, and charging using the charging lines 301 and 309. The positive output line 110 and negative output line 111 can be used to connect to an electrical device or apparatus, similar to the usage of a typical battery, and will not be described in detail here.

[0051] Please see Figure 5 A method for replenishing and maintaining battery cells using high current charging involves charging N cells of a used battery module. Since the battery module is used, the voltage of each cell should be insufficient and therefore need to be charged (replenished). The method includes the following steps:

[0052] Step S501: Connect a battery module and a charging device, and obtain the voltage of each cell in the battery module. These voltage values ​​can be displayed on a human-machine interface, which can also display the temperature of each cell.

[0053] Step S502: Check the voltage of the first battery cell and control the two relays in a relay control module corresponding to the first battery cell to be in the on state, so that the large current passes through the two relays to charge only the first battery cell; wherein the control of the two relays is executed by a battery management system.

[0054] Step S503: When the first cell reaches a predetermined voltage, the charging of the first cell is stopped by switching a predetermined number of relays in the relay control module, and the second cell is charged with a large current.

[0055] Step S504: When the second cell reaches the predetermined voltage, the charging of the second cell is stopped by switching a predetermined number of relays in the relay control module, and the third cell is charged with a large current instead.

[0056] Step S505: Continue in this manner until all N cells have completed high-current charging / recharging in sequence.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power replenishment and maintenance system that uses high current to charge battery cells in rotation, characterized in that, It includes: A battery module consists of N battery cells connected in series, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. There are N+1 charging lines, one of which is connected to the positive electrode on one side of the combination of N cells, another of which is connected to the negative electrode on the other side of the combination of N cells, and the remaining N-1 charging lines are respectively connected between the positive and negative electrodes of two adjacent cells in the combination of N cells. N-1 voltage detection lines are connected between the positive and negative electrodes of two adjacent cells in the combination of N cells; A charging socket has N+1 electrical contacts for each corresponding to an electrical connection of N+1 charging cables; A charging device includes a relay control module comprising a plurality of relays, a charger and a battery management system electrically connected to the relay control module, and the relay control module electrically connected to the charging socket, the battery management module being electrically connected to N-1 voltage detection lines for receiving the voltage of each of the battery cells; By controlling the relay in the relay control module to present the states of being on and off, the power output by the charger can be used to charge the battery cell by passing through the relay control module and the two charging cables on both sides of the battery cell. After the battery cell is fully charged, by changing the on and off states of some of the relays, the power provided by the charger can be used to charge different battery cells one by one with a large current.

2. The battery cell charging and maintenance system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a charging plug connection relay control module with N+1 pins, and the N+1 pins are used to connect to the N+1 electrical contacts of the charging socket.

3. The battery cell charging and maintenance system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the N+1 charging lines is electrically connected to at least one relay. By changing the closed and open state of the relay, the large current of the external power sequentially enters different cells for high-current charging. The wire diameter is 2.0mm or more.

4. The battery cell charging and maintenance system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The charging line connected to the positive electrode on one side of the combination of the N cells and the charging line connected to the negative electrode on the other side of the combination of the N cells are each connected to a relay.

5. The battery cell charging and maintenance system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The N-1 charging lines connecting the positive and negative electrodes of two adjacent battery cells are all used to connect the two relays.

6. The battery cell charging and maintenance system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a voltage signal port connecting each of the voltage detection lines, and the voltage signal port is interconnected with the battery management system via a signal line.

7. The battery cell charging and maintenance system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes N-1 temperature detection lines, which are respectively connected between the positive and negative electrodes of two adjacent cells in the combination of N cells, and the battery management module is electrically connected to the N-1 temperature detection lines to receive the temperature of each cell.

8. The battery cell charging and maintenance system according to claim 7, characterized in that, It further includes a temperature signal port connecting each of the temperature detection lines, and the temperature signal port is interconnected with the battery management system via a signal line.

9. The battery cell charging and maintenance system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a housing for accommodating N of the battery cells, and the charging socket protruding from the surface of the housing.

10. A method for replenishing and maintaining battery cells using high current in rotation, wherein N cells of a battery module are charged after use, characterized in that, It includes: Connect a battery module and a charging device, and obtain the voltage of each cell in the battery module; Check the voltage of the first battery cell and use a large current to control the module to charge only the first battery cell; Once the first battery cell reaches a predetermined voltage, the charging of the first battery cell is stopped by switching a predetermined number of relays in the relay control module, and the second battery cell is charged with a high current instead. Once the second cell reaches the predetermined voltage, the charging of the second cell is stopped by switching a predetermined number of relays in the relay control module, and the third cell is charged with a high current. This process is repeated for the next cell until all N cells have been charged with a high current in sequence.

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