Intelligent zipper system

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent zipper system, which comprises a zipper tape provided with a plurality of zipper teeth; the zipper head is movably arranged on the zipper tape, and a permanent magnet array is arranged in the zipper head; the driving system comprises a three-phase winding arranged on the sprocket; the position detection system is used for detecting the position of the zipper head in real time; the control unit is used for controlling the power-on state of the three-phase winding, the control unit controls the three-phase winding to generate a moving magnetic field according to a feedback signal of the position detection system, and the permanent magnet array is driven to drive the chain head to move; the power supply system supplies power to the driving system and the control unit; the rectifying device is used for converting direct current into alternating current to generate a magnetic field for the three-phase winding; the system has an electric mode and a power generation mode, and in the electric mode, the chain head is driven to move to achieve automatic opening and closing; in the power generation mode, the chain head is manually pulled to enable the permanent magnet array and the three-phase winding to move relatively to generate induction current, and the induction current is rectified and stabilized to charge the energy storage device or supply power to the load.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to, but are not limited to, the field of smart wearable technology, and in particular to a smart zipper system. Background Technology

[0002] As a key connecting component in modern clothing, bags, and outdoor equipment, the zipper's core mechanical structure has remained fundamentally unchanged since its invention in the late 19th century. It has always relied on manual operation to engage and disengage the zipper teeth, resulting in inconvenience and an inability to adapt to automated scenarios. With the rapid development of smart wearables and IoT technologies, the market demand for automated, intelligent, and energy-efficient zippers is growing. Existing manual zippers can no longer meet the integration requirements of smart products. Furthermore, existing zippers only provide a connecting function and cannot recover the mechanical energy generated during manual operation, leading to energy waste. Moreover, most existing electric zippers are unidirectional power consumers without self-powering capabilities, rendering them unusable in the absence of an external power source. Therefore, how to achieve automatic opening and closing and precise positioning of zippers, while simultaneously recovering mechanical energy and generating and storing electricity, to overcome the shortcomings of existing zippers—inconvenient operation, high energy consumption, and limited functionality—has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The following is an overview of the subject matter described in detail herein. This overview is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0004] This invention provides an intelligent zipper system that can not only control the automatic opening and closing of the zipper, but also generate electricity and store energy through manual zipping by the user.

[0005] A first aspect of this invention provides an intelligent zipper system, comprising: Zipper tape with multiple teeth; The chain head is movably mounted on the zipper tape, and the chain head is embedded with an array of permanent magnets; The drive system includes a three-phase winding embedded in the chain teeth; The position detection system is used to detect the position of the chain head in real time and output a feedback signal; The control unit is used to control the energizing state of the three-phase winding. According to the feedback signal of the position detection system, the control unit controls the three-phase winding to generate a moving magnetic field, which drives the permanent magnet array to move the chain head. A power supply system that supplies power to the drive system and the control unit; A rectifier is used to convert direct current into alternating current to supply the three-phase windings to generate a magnetic field. The intelligent zipper system has an electric mode and a power generation mode. In the electric mode, the drive system generates a moving magnetic field by controlling the energization state of the three-phase winding through the control unit, and interacts with the permanent magnet array to drive the zipper head to move and achieve automatic opening and closing. In the power generation mode, by pulling the zipper head, the permanent magnet array and the three-phase winding are made to move relative to each other, so that the three-phase winding generates an induced current, which is rectified and regulated to charge the energy storage device or supply power to the load.

[0006] In some embodiments, the permanent magnet array includes one or more permanent magnet units; When the permanent magnet array contains only one permanent magnet unit, the length of the permanent magnet unit in the direction of motion... L Magnet and the spacing between chain teeth d Teeth The following relationship exists: L Magnet ≥1.5 d Teeth ; The permanent magnet array contains multiple permanent magnet units, which are closely arranged along the zipper movement direction. These permanent magnet units are arranged in an alternating N / S polarity, mutually repulsive, and satisfy the condition that at any given moment, any one of the permanent magnet units corresponds to a winding of a chain tooth. The permanent magnet array has a misaligned correspondence with the chain teeth along the zipper movement direction. This misalignment occurs when, within the same length of the permanent magnet array along the zipper movement direction, the number of chain teeth on one side and the number of permanent magnet units are mutually prime, or the number of chain teeth on both sides and the number of permanent magnet units are mutually prime. The permanent magnet array is arranged in a double-sided uniform magnetization transversely stable array or a double-sided cross-stable array.

[0007] In some embodiments, the rectifier includes a three-phase full-bridge inverter, which is composed of six power switching transistors connected in a three-arm structure. Each arm includes an upper transistor and a lower transistor for converting the DC power into three-phase AC power. The six power switching transistors include a first upper transistor, a first lower transistor, a second upper transistor, a second lower transistor, a third upper transistor, and a third lower transistor. The three arms are respectively composed of the first upper transistor and the first lower transistor, the second upper transistor and the second lower transistor, and the third upper transistor and the third lower transistor. The conduction states of the six power switching transistors are sequentially: the first upper transistor and the second lower transistor are conducting, the first upper transistor and the third lower transistor are conducting, the third upper transistor and the second lower transistor are conducting, the third upper transistor and the first lower transistor are conducting, the second upper transistor and the first lower transistor are conducting, and the second upper transistor and the third lower transistor are conducting, and repeating cyclically. The control unit is used to generate six pulse width modulation (PWM) signals to independently control the conduction and cutoff of the six power switching transistors.

[0008] In some embodiments, the chain teeth include left chain teeth and right chain teeth, which are arranged alternately along the length of the zipper tape, and the three-phase windings are respectively embedded on the left chain teeth and the right chain teeth. When the zipper is opened, three-phase drive currents are applied to the three-phase windings in the left and right chain teeth respectively. The phase of the three-phase drive current applied to the right chain tooth winding is configured to have a preset fixed phase offset relative to the three-phase drive current applied to the left chain tooth winding. The fixed phase offset is used to compensate for the spatial position difference caused by the staggered arrangement of the left and right chain teeth, so that the traveling wave magnetic field generated by the left and right chain tooth windings remains spatially synchronized on the movement path of the chain head, thereby generating a resultant force with the same direction on the permanent magnet array. When the zipper is closed, the phase sequence of the three-phase drive current is reversed by the control unit.

[0009] In some embodiments, the fixed phase offset is determined according to the following relationship: θ = (ΔS / λ) × 360°, where θ is the fixed phase offset (unit: electrical angle), ΔS is the average spatial offset distance of the right chain tooth relative to the left chain tooth in the zipper movement direction, and λ is the magnetic field wavelength determined by the pole pitch of the three-phase winding. When the left chain teeth and the right chain teeth are arranged with a difference of half a tooth pitch, the fixed phase offset is preferably 90° electrical angle; The PWM output module of the control unit generates two three-phase PWM signals with the fixed phase offset, and applies them to the left chain tooth winding and the right chain tooth winding respectively through independent power drive circuits to generate continuous driving force.

[0010] In some embodiments, the position detection system is a capacitive position detection device, which includes: Multiple capacitor electrodes are provided, which are fabricated on a flexible insulating substrate. The capacitor electrodes are arranged perpendicular to the direction of movement of the zipper head along both sides of the zipper tape in the length direction and parallel to the direction of movement of the zipper in the width direction. A capacitance measurement circuit is connected to multiple capacitor electrodes, and the control unit determines the real-time position of the chain head by detecting the overall capacitance change of each capacitor electrode.

[0011] In some embodiments, the position detection system is a Hall sensor position detection device, which includes multiple differential Hall sensor pairs arranged along both sides of the zipper tape. The control unit determines the real-time position of the zipper head by detecting the magnetic field change caused by the movement of the permanent magnet array.

[0012] In some embodiments, a power generation system is also included, the power generation system comprising: The rectifier circuit is connected at one end to the three-phase winding and at the other end to the filter and voltage regulator unit. The filtering and voltage regulation unit includes a filtering capacitor and is connected to the rectifier circuit to smoothly regulate the voltage of the rectified current. The energy storage device is connected to the capacitor of the filter and voltage regulator unit; The control unit can switch the system to power generation mode. When the chain head is manually pulled, the permanent magnet array moves relative to the three-phase winding, generating induced alternating current in the three-phase winding. After being rectified by the rectifier circuit and smoothed by the capacitor of the filter and voltage stabilization unit, the induced alternating current charges the energy storage device or provides power to the downstream load.

[0013] In some embodiments, the three-phase winding adopts a segmented power supply method, each chain tooth is configured with an electronic switch, and every three chain teeth constitute a power supply segment. The current position of the chain head is detected by the position detection system. Based on the current position of the chain head, the control unit controls the corresponding electronic switch to energize the three-phase windings in the area where the chain head is located and the adjacent areas, thereby generating a moving magnetic field and driving the chain head to move. Multiple electronic switches are centrally mounted on the external circuit of the smart zipper system to form an electronic switch matrix, which is composed of multiple metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs). The power supply lines of the windings of each power supply segment are respectively connected to the corresponding MOSFETs in the electronic switch matrix. Based on the real-time position information of the zipper head, the control unit selectively turns on the corresponding MOSFETs in the electronic switch matrix to supply power only to the three-phase windings of the power supply segment where the zipper head is located and the adjacent power supply segments.

[0014] In some embodiments, the zipper tape is divided into at least two different pitch ranges along its length. Each pitch range is embedded with an independent three-phase winding, and each pitch range is connected to an oscillation circuit of a preset frequency. The preset frequencies of the oscillation circuits corresponding to different pitch ranges are different from each other. The preset frequency of the oscillation circuit corresponds to a preset pitch, and each pitch range corresponds to a unique preset pitch. When the permanent magnet array embedded in the chain head moves in the zipper belt track, it cuts the three-phase winding magnetic field lines in the corresponding pitch range to generate an induced current. The induced current is transmitted to the oscillation circuit corresponding to the pitch range, and the oscillation circuit converts it into an electrical signal with the same preset frequency as itself. The frequency of the electrical signal is the sound wave frequency corresponding to the preset pitch of the pitch range. The intelligent zipper system also includes a passive sound-generating module, which is individually electrically connected to each of the oscillation circuits to receive a preset frequency electrical signal output by the oscillation circuit. The passive sound-generating module includes a rectifier unit, an energy buffer unit, a power amplifier circuit, and an audio generation unit. The rectifier unit rectifies the electrical signal output by the oscillation circuit. The energy buffer unit stores electrical energy to ensure stable sound generation. The power amplifier circuit amplifies the rectified electrical signal to meet the speaker's playback requirements. The audio generation unit receives the amplified preset frequency electrical signal, generates an audio signal corresponding to a preset pitch within the specified musical range, and plays it through the speaker. The frequency of the audio signal is determined by the preset frequency of the oscillation circuit corresponding to the musical range where the zipper head is located, and is independent of the zipper head's movement speed. The volume of the audio signal is determined by the zipper head's movement speed; the faster the zipper head moves, the stronger the induced current generated by the coil. After processing by the oscillation circuit and power amplification by the passive sound-generating module, the louder the speaker output volume.

[0015] This invention provides an intelligent zipper system, comprising: a zipper belt with multiple teeth; a zipper head movably mounted on the zipper belt, with a permanent magnet array embedded within the zipper head; a drive system including a three-phase winding embedded in the teeth; a position detection system for real-time detection of the zipper head position and outputting a feedback signal; a control unit for controlling the energization state of the three-phase winding, which, based on the feedback signal from the position detection system, controls the three-phase winding to generate a moving magnetic field, driving the permanent magnet array to move the zipper head; a power supply system for supplying power to the drive system and control unit; and a rectifier for converting direct current into alternating current to supply the three-phase winding to generate the magnetic field. The intelligent zipper system has an electric mode and a power generation mode. In electric mode, the drive system generates a moving magnetic field by controlling the energization state of the three-phase winding through the control unit, which interacts with the permanent magnet array to drive the zipper head to move for automatic opening and closing. In power generation mode, the zipper head is pulled back and forth to cause relative movement between the permanent magnet array and the three-phase winding, thereby generating an induced current in the three-phase winding. After rectification and voltage regulation, this current charges an energy storage device or supplies power to a load. This invention innovatively integrates electric drive and power generation functions into a single intelligent zipper system containing three-phase windings and a permanent magnet array. This intelligent zipper system not only converts electrical energy into kinetic energy to drive the zipper to open and close automatically, but also converts the mechanical energy from manual zipper operation into electrical energy to charge an energy storage device. Therefore, the intelligent zipper system of this invention can not only control the automatic opening and closing of the zipper, but also generate and store energy through manual zipping by the user.

[0016] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims, and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the technical solutions of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the technical solutions of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a chain tooth structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a chain head structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a permanent magnet array according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of a permanent magnet array provided in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5A schematic diagram of the arrangement of a permanent magnet array provided in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of a permanent magnet array provided in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a position detection system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a grounding shielding layer provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a drive system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the electric mode provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a power generation mode provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a capacitive position detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a zipper tape with multiple LED lights integrated at the end, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of a rectifier circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 A schematic diagram of a rectifier circuit provided in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the overall framework of an intelligent zipper system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 17 A schematic diagram of a "sine-cosine" winding pattern provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the partitioned arrangement of the magnets inside the chain head according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the framework of an intelligent zipper system for music performance provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0020] It should be understood that in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "multiple" (or "amounts") means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. If "first," "second," etc., are used in the description, they are only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0021] First, let's analyze some of the terms used in this invention: 1. Zipper head: The movable part of the zipper system, which contains an array of permanent magnets for moving along the zipper belt under electromagnetic drive.

[0022] 2. Zipper tape: A strip structure consisting of chain teeth and embedded windings. The chain teeth are used for mechanical engagement, and the windings are used to generate an electromagnetic driving magnetic field.

[0023] 3. Chain teeth: The tooth-like structures on the zipper tape used for engagement. They are usually made of non-magnetic materials, but may also contain soft magnetic materials to form a magnetic circuit.

[0024] 4. Three-phase winding: The winding is arranged according to the principle of three-phase alternating current. The winding direction is perpendicular to the direction of zipper movement. After three-phase alternating current is applied, a traveling wave magnetic field is generated, which drives the zipper head to move.

[0025] 5. Traveling wave magnetic field: A magnetic field generated by passing three-phase alternating current through the three-phase windings. This magnetic field moves in a certain direction in space and is used to drive the chain head.

[0026] 6. Permanent magnet array: Composed of one or more permanent magnet units, embedded in the chain head, which interact with the traveling wave magnetic field to generate electromagnetic force; 7. Permanent magnet unit: A material with permanent magnetism, such as neodymium iron boron, is installed inside the chain head and interacts with the traveling wave magnetic field to generate electromagnetic force.

[0027] 8. Electromagnetic force: The force generated by the interaction between the energized winding and the permanent magnet, used to drive the movement of the chain head.

[0028] 9. Capacitive position sensor: A sensor that detects position by measuring the change in capacitance between the electrode and the chain head (conductor).

[0029] 10. Three-phase full-bridge inverter: A circuit that converts direct current into three-phase alternating current to drive three-phase windings.

[0030] 11. Pulse Width Modulation (PWM): A technique that controls the output voltage or current by adjusting the pulse width, used for circuit driving.

[0031] 12. Hall Sensor: A magnetic induction sensor based on the Hall effect. Its core function is to detect the presence, intensity, direction, and changes of a magnetic field, and convert this magnetic information into specific electrical signals (such as voltage, current, or digital signals), thereby enabling non-contact measurement of physical quantities such as the position, velocity, angle, and current of an object.

[0032] To facilitate a more convenient description of the working principle of the embodiments of the present invention, the following introduction of relevant technical scenarios is given first.

[0033] As a key connecting component in modern clothing, bags, and other everyday items, the zipper's basic mechanical structure has remained fundamentally unchanged for over a century since its invention in the late 19th century. Traditional zippers rely on manual operation, using the mechanical structure of the slider to engage or disengage the zipper teeth. With the rapid development of smart wearable devices and IoT technology, the demand for automation and intelligence in zippers is increasing. Therefore, how to achieve automatic opening and closing of zippers and their ability to generate and store energy has become an urgent technical problem to be solved.

[0034] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an intelligent zipper system, comprising: a zipper belt with multiple teeth; a zipper head movably mounted on the zipper belt, with a permanent magnet array embedded within the zipper head; a drive system including a three-phase winding embedded in the teeth; a position detection system for real-time detection of the zipper head's position and outputting a feedback signal; a control unit for controlling the energization state of the three-phase winding, which, based on the feedback signal from the position detection system, controls the three-phase winding to generate a moving magnetic field, driving the permanent magnet array to move the zipper head; a power supply system for supplying power to the drive system and control unit; and a rectifier for converting direct current into alternating current to supply the three-phase winding to generate the magnetic field. The intelligent zipper system has an electric mode and a power generation mode. In electric mode, the drive system generates a moving magnetic field by controlling the energization state of the three-phase winding through the control unit, which interacts with the permanent magnet array to drive the zipper head to move for automatic opening and closing. In power generation mode, pulling the zipper head back and forth causes relative movement between the permanent magnet array and the three-phase winding, inducing a current in the three-phase winding, which, after rectification and voltage regulation, charges an energy storage device or supplies power to a load. This invention innovatively integrates electric drive and power generation functions into a single intelligent zipper system containing three-phase windings and a permanent magnet array. This intelligent zipper system not only converts electrical energy into kinetic energy to drive the zipper for automatic opening and closing, but also converts the mechanical energy from manual zipper operation into electrical energy to charge energy storage devices or power loads. Based on this, the intelligent zipper system of this invention can not only control the automatic opening and closing of the zipper, but also generate and store energy through manual zipping, and power downstream loads, including but not limited to LED lights, piano keys, etc.

[0035] Understandably, a permanent magnet array can contain one or more permanent magnet units.

[0036] When the permanent magnet array contains only one permanent magnet unit, the length of the permanent magnet unit in the direction of motion... L Magnet and the spacing between chain teeth d Teeth The following relationship exists: L Magnet ≥1.5 d Teeth This ensures continuous thrust and balanced thrust on both sides, avoiding friction and jamming.

[0037] When a permanent magnet array contains multiple permanent magnet units, these units are closely arranged along the zipper's direction of movement, exhibiting alternating N and N polarities with mutual repulsion. For example, a permanent magnet array might contain three permanent magnet units: the first unit has N polarity on the left and S polarity on the right; the second unit has S polarity on the left and N polarity on the right; and the third unit has N polarity on the left and S polarity on the right. Furthermore, the permanent magnet array and the zipper teeth have a staggered correspondence along the zipper's direction of movement. That is, within the same length, the number of teeth on one side must be coprime to the number of permanent magnet units; or the number of teeth on both sides must be coprime to the number of permanent magnet units. For example, within the same length, four zipper teeth might correspond to five permanent magnets, or three zipper teeth to four permanent magnets, or two zipper teeth to three permanent magnets; or conversely, five zipper teeth to four permanent magnets, four zipper teeth to three permanent magnets, three zipper teeth to two permanent magnets, and so on. This breaks the integer multiple relationship between the permanent magnet pole pitch and the chain tooth pitch, maintains the left and right thrust balance, avoids motion jamming, optimizes the magnetic field waveform, and reduces harmonic content, thereby achieving more continuous thrust and lower thrust fluctuation.

[0038] When a permanent magnet array contains multiple permanent magnet units arranged close to each other—for example, four permanent magnet units, one on the left side of the upper plane of the chain head, one on the left side of the lower plane, one on the right side of the upper plane, and one on the left side of the upper plane—the N and S poles and their spatial positions can be arranged as needed. The only requirement is that at any given moment, one permanent magnet unit always corresponds to the winding of the chain tooth. This ensures continuous thrust and lower thrust fluctuations, while also helping to maintain the thrust balance of the chain head in a plane perpendicular to the direction of motion, ensuring that the overall force is always along the straight line of the chain head's movement.

[0039] It is understandable that, such as Figures 3 to 6As shown, the permanent magnet array can be arranged in a double-sided uniform magnetization lateral stabilizing array, including: forming a lateral stabilizing array on the lower left and lower right sides of the chain head plate, with side wall magnets magnetized in a uniform direction; or, forming a lateral stabilizing permanent magnet array on the upper left and upper right sides of the chain head plate and the lower left and lower right sides of the lower plate, so that the upper and lower sides can better maintain balance and avoid the thrust being concentrated on the lower side, making it more stable; or, setting a horizontally placed permanent magnet array at the middle connection of the chain head; or, setting a horizontal permanent magnet array on the surface of the upper and lower plates to increase the permanent magnet area and increase the thrust, and placing the upper and lower plates simultaneously to maintain balance.

[0040] Understandably, permanent magnet arrays can also be arranged in a double-sided cross-stabilized array configuration. The transverse magnetic field generated by the array interacts with the magnetic field of the three-phase winding, which can generate a balancing force when the chain head is subjected to transverse disturbance, thus maintaining its motion stability.

[0041] Understandably, the rectifier includes a three-phase full-bridge inverter, which consists of six power switching transistors connected in a three-arm structure. Each arm contains an upper transistor and a lower transistor, used to convert DC power into three-phase AC power. The six power switching transistors are a first upper transistor, a first lower transistor, a second upper transistor, a second lower transistor, a third upper transistor, and a third lower transistor. The three arms are respectively composed of the first upper transistor and the first lower transistor, the second upper transistor and the second lower transistor, and the third upper transistor and the third lower transistor. The conduction states of the six power switching transistors are sequentially: the first upper transistor and the second lower transistor are conducting, the first upper transistor and the third lower transistor are conducting, the third upper transistor and the second lower transistor are conducting, the third upper transistor and the first lower transistor are conducting, the second upper transistor and the first lower transistor are conducting, and the second upper transistor and the third lower transistor are conducting, and this cycle repeats. The control unit is used to generate six pulse width modulation (PWM) signals, which independently control the conduction and cutoff of the six power switching transistors.

[0042] Understandably, the electronic commutation sequence of the six power switching transistors in the three-phase winding can employ a six-step commutation method. The six conduction states are sequentially: the first upper transistor Q1 is connected to the second lower transistor Q4; the first upper transistor Q1 is connected to the third lower transistor Q6; the third upper transistor Q5 is connected to the second lower transistor Q4; the third upper transistor Q5 is connected to the first lower transistor Q2; the second upper transistor Q3 is connected to the first lower transistor Q2; and the second upper transistor Q3 is connected to the third lower transistor Q6, repeating this cycle. When the control unit executes "AB conduction," it establishes a magnetic field in the 0° direction inside the winding, and so on. When the zipper is opened, the left chain bands L1, L2, and L3, and the right chain bands R1, R2, and R3 correspond to phases A, B, and C of the three-phase windings, respectively. The zipper teeth on the left and right sides are arranged alternately, and so on. Three-phase drive currents are applied to the three-phase windings in the left and right chain teeth respectively. The phase of the three-phase drive current applied to the windings of the right chain teeth is configured to have a preset fixed phase offset relative to the three-phase drive current applied to the windings of the left chain teeth. The fixed phase offset is configured to compensate for the spatial position difference caused by the alternating arrangement of the left and right chain teeth, so that the traveling wave magnetic field generated by the windings of the left and right chain teeth remains spatially synchronized on the movement path of the chain head, thereby generating a resultant force with the same direction on the permanent magnet.

[0043] It is understood that the fixed phase offset θ can be determined according to the following relationship: θ = (ΔS / λ) × 360°, where ΔS is the average spatial offset distance of the right chain tooth relative to the left chain tooth in the zipper movement direction, λ is the magnetic field wavelength determined by the pole pitch of the three-phase windings, and the unit of the fixed phase offset θ is electrical angle. When the left and right chain teeth are arranged with a difference of half a tooth pitch, the fixed phase offset θ is preferably 90° electrical angle. The feature is that the PWM output unit of the control unit generates two three-phase PWM signals with a fixed phase offset, which are applied to the left and right chain tooth windings respectively through independent power drive circuits, thereby generating a continuous resultant force.

[0044] Understandably, when the zipper closes, the control unit, upon receiving the closing command, reverses the phase sequence of the three-phase current. For example, if the phase sequence when the zipper is open is A->B->C, then the phase sequence when the zipper is closed changes to A->C->B. This causes the direction of movement of the combined traveling wave magnetic field generated by the left and right chain tooth windings to change from pointing towards the open end of the zipper to pointing towards the closed end. Similar to the opening operation, the current applied to the right chain tooth winding maintains a fixed phase offset relative to the current in the left winding. This fixed offset is to permanently compensate for the staggered arrangement of the left and right chain teeth in physical space, ensuring that regardless of the direction the magnetic field moves, the peaks of the magnetic field on both sides reach the same spatial position corresponding to the permanent magnet at the zipper head at the same moment, thus generating a thrust in the same direction. Due to the reversal of the traveling wave magnetic field's direction, according to the left-hand rule, the direction of the electromagnetic force acting on the permanent magnet at the zipper head also reverses, changing from pushing the zipper head towards the open end to pushing it towards the closed end.

[0045] Understandably, the chain teeth contain embedded winding coils, with each tooth containing at least one set of winding coils (the number of turns and diameter of the coils can be adjusted as needed, and ferromagnetic material can be placed inside the coils). For example... Figure 1 As shown, every three teeth form a three-phase winding. Utilizing the phase relationship of the three-phase windings, with a 120° phase difference between phases A, B, and C, the magnetic poles are changed through this phase relationship to drive the chain head. The left chain belts L1, L2, and L3, and the right chain belts R1, R2, and R3 correspond to phases A, B, and C of the three-phase windings, respectively, and so on. At time T1, i A For the maximum value, i B i C If the value is negative, assuming the right-hand magnetic pole of phase A corresponds to the N pole, then the right-hand magnetic poles of phases B and C correspond to the S pole; at time T2, i B For the maximum value, i A i C If the value is negative, the right-hand magnetic pole of phase B corresponds to the N pole, then the right-hand magnetic poles of phases A and C correspond to the S pole; at time T3, i C For the maximum value, i A i B If the value is negative, assuming the right-side magnetic pole of phase C corresponds to the N pole, then the right-side magnetic poles of phases A and B correspond to the S pole.

[0046] Understandably, as the zipper closes, the distance between the left and right zipper strips gradually decreases, and the zipper teeth move closer together. Because a step-by-step power supply method is used, a position detection system confirms the position of the zipper head and supplies power to the corresponding zipper teeth. Therefore, even if the zipper teeth on both sides are close together, they are still in an unstretched, non-conductive state, and no magnetic attraction is generated during the zipper's operation. After the zipper closes, the closed zipper teeth are no longer powered, and therefore there is no magnetic effect. Similarly, as the zipper opens, the distance between the left and right zipper strips gradually increases, and the zipper teeth move further apart.

[0047] It is understandable that the position detection system can be a capacitive position detection device or a Hall sensor position detection device.

[0048] The capacitive position detection device includes multiple capacitive electrodes arranged perpendicular to the zipper head's movement direction along both sides of the zipper belt and parallel to the zipper's movement direction in the width direction. The electrodes are fabricated on a flexible insulating substrate, preferably a polyimide film. The electrode conductors are rectangular electrode plates of metal foil, preferably electrolytic copper, with a nickel-plated surface to enhance corrosion resistance. A capacitance measurement circuit connects the capacitive electrodes. The electrode surfaces are made of an insulating material that is both wear-resistant and flexible (e.g., a wear-resistant polyurethane coating, fluoropolymer coating, or engineering plastic film) to prevent short circuits caused by contact between the left and right electrodes. The control unit determines the zipper head's position by detecting the overall capacitance change of each capacitive electrode. Figure 12 The image shows a capacitive position detection system, with a grounded shielding layer 10 or 11 added between the capacitor layer and the winding, as shown. Figure 8 As shown, the grounding shielding layer 10 or 11 can be a copper foil, which can absorb and conduct away the penetration of the electric field, reduce electric field coupling, and reduce some magnetic field interference; it can also filter out low-frequency signals through a bandpass filter. For example, preferably, the frequency of the three-phase winding is low (a few to tens of Hz), and the operating frequency of the capacitor can be selected as several hundred Hz.

[0049] The Hall sensor position detection device includes multiple pairs of Hall sensors arranged along both sides of the zipper tape. The control unit determines the position of the zipper head by detecting changes in the magnetic field caused by the movement of the permanent magnet array. Instead of using a single sensor, it arranges two Hall sensors (A+ and A-) with identical characteristics side-by-side at a small spacing (e.g., 2mm), with the line connecting them perpendicular to the direction of zipper movement. Magnetic shielding design: A magnetic shielding chamber is created for each Hall pair. A "П"-shaped cover made of ferromagnetic or high-permeability material (such as permalloy) is used, with the opening facing the permanent magnet, enclosing the Hall pair. This shielding chamber significantly attenuates stray magnetic fields from the windings (sides and rear), but attenuates the main magnetic field of the permanent magnet entering through the opening less.

[0050] Understandably, the smart zipper system also includes a power generation system, which includes: a rectifier circuit ( Figure 14 As shown, one end is connected to the three-phase winding, and the other end is connected to the filter and voltage regulator unit. The filter and voltage regulator unit, including a filter capacitor, is connected to the rectifier circuit to smooth and regulate the rectified current. The energy storage device is connected to the filter and voltage regulator unit capacitor. When the chain head is manually pulled, the permanent magnet array moves relative to the three-phase winding, generating induced AC current in the three-phase winding. This induced AC current is rectified by the rectifier circuit and smoothed by the filter and voltage regulator unit capacitor to charge the energy storage device or provide power to the downstream load (such as an LED).

[0051] Understandably, the power generation system may also include a filtering and voltage stabilizing unit, namely a supercapacitor. When the system starts up, the voltage is unstable and fluctuates greatly. The supercapacitor acts as a power buffer during the power generation process, "smoothing" the violently fluctuating DC power to supply the power source for charging.

[0052] Understandably, the three-phase windings use a segmented power supply method, with each chain tooth requiring an electronic switch (e.g., a MOSFET). Every three chain teeth form a segment, and the position of the chain head is detected by a position sensor, which can be a Hall sensor or a capacitive sensor. Based on the position of the chain head, the control unit controls the corresponding electronic switch to energize the three-phase windings in the area where the chain head is located and the adjacent areas, thereby generating a moving magnetic field that drives the chain head to move.

[0053] Understandably, the electronic switches are centrally installed on the external circuit of the smart zipper system, forming a centrally configured electronic switch matrix. This electronic switch matrix consists of multiple MOSFET switches. The power supply lines for each winding segment are connected to the corresponding MOSFET switches in the electronic switch matrix. Based on the real-time position information of the zipper head, the control system selectively turns on specific MOSFETs in the electronic switch matrix, supplying power only to the winding segments in the area where the zipper head is located and adjacent areas, rather than energizing the entire length.

[0054] Understandably, the rectifier is a three-phase full-bridge inverter that converts the DC power supply into AC power to drive the three-phase AC windings and can amplify the current to drive the track coil.

[0055] Understandably, the zipper tape comprises a base tape and multiple chain teeth; the zipper tape is divided into at least two distinct frequency bands along its length; each frequency band contains an independent three-phase winding, and the three-phase windings of different frequency bands have different electrical parameters (such as pole pitch or number of turns), causing them to generate alternating current with different fundamental frequencies when cut by the same permanent magnet at the same speed, such as... Figure 19 As shown.

[0056] It is understandable that, such as Figure 2 As shown, the chain head has an embedded array of permanent magnets for moving along the track of the zipper belt and cutting the magnetic field lines of the three-phase windings to generate electricity. A passive sound generation module is connected to the zipper belt to receive alternating current. The passive sound generation module includes a rectifier unit, an energy buffer unit, and an audio generation unit. The audio generation unit is configured to generate an audio signal of a corresponding frequency based on the characteristics of the alternating current or the control voltage it generates, and then play it through a speaker. The frequency of the audio signal is determined by the musical range in which the chain head is located, and the volume of the audio signal is determined by the speed of the chain head's movement.

[0057] Understandably, two phases of the three-phase winding can be used for driving, while the third phase can be used for detection. That is, one phase can be used for high-frequency injection, and the position can be calculated by detecting the current or voltage response of that winding. However, it should be noted that this reduces the number of driving windings, potentially affecting the driving capability. Alternatively, all three phase windings can be used for driving, and the signals from all three phase windings can be used for position estimation.

[0058] Understandably, for multiple permanent magnet arrays set in the chain head, one set is used for driving and another set is used for measuring position. Furthermore, it is necessary to configure corresponding sensors, such as Hall sensors, for the permanent magnets used to detect position.

[0059] Understandably, if windings are used for detection, independent detection windings need to be arranged on the track, and they can only detect the position during movement. Arranging independent detection windings involves adding a dedicated set of windings for position detection to the aforementioned physical structure, separating the detection windings from the drive windings. The arrangement of independent detection windings can be layered, using a multi-layer flexible circuit board structure within the zipper belt. The bottom layer houses the drive windings, using thicker wire diameters to generate strong thrust with high current. An intermediate insulation layer ensures electrical isolation. The surface layer has the detection winding pattern printed or etched, typically using fine wire diameters arranged at high density. The detection winding pattern can be a sine-cosine winding pair, which consists of windings spatially offset by 1 / 4 pitch, outputting two signals with a 90-degree phase difference, forming a linear rotary transformer. The detection windings employ a dense array of miniature coils, with each coil addressed independently or in groups, and positioning is achieved by scanning for signal peaks.

[0060] It should be noted that when the winding is used for driving, it is recommended to use a three-phase winding to obtain better motion continuity and smoothness. When the winding is used for power generation, it is not limited to a three-phase winding. As long as a coil is cut by magnetic field lines, current can be generated to convert kinetic energy into electrical energy. It does not matter whether the electrical energy is subsequently stored or used on the circuit load, and there is no need to limit the number of phases of the winding.

[0061] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0062] like Figures 1 to 15 As shown, the intelligent zipper system of this invention includes: a zipper belt 1 with multiple chain teeth 2; a chain head 3 movably disposed on the zipper belt 1, and a permanent magnet array 5 disposed within the chain head 3; and a drive system including a three-phase winding 4 disposed on the chain teeth 2 (e.g., ...). Figure 9 (As shown); Position detection system, used to detect the position of chain head 3 in real time; Control unit 6, used to control the energization state of three-phase winding 4. The control unit (such as a microcontroller) 6 controls the three-phase winding 4 to generate a moving magnetic field according to the feedback signal of the position detection system, driving the permanent magnet array 5 to move the chain head 3; Power supply system 7, to supply power to the drive system and control unit 6; Rectifier device, used to convert DC power into AC power to generate a magnetic field for the three-phase winding 4.

[0063] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the intelligent zipper system has an electric mode and a power generation mode. In the electric mode, the drive system uses the control unit (such as a microcontroller) 6 to regulate the energization state of the three-phase winding 4 according to the feedback signal of the position detection system to generate a traveling wave magnetic field, which interacts with the permanent magnet array 5 to generate electromagnetic force, thereby driving the chain head 3 to move to achieve automatic opening and closing. In the power generation mode, by pulling the chain head 3, the permanent magnet array 5 and the three-phase winding 4 are made to move relative to each other. The three-phase winding 4 cuts the magnetic field lines to generate an induced current, which is rectified and regulated to charge the energy storage device or supply power to the load.

[0064] Understandably, assuming the zipper length is... L Zipper The chain tooth pitch is d Teeth The number of chain teeth is N Teeth The three-phase winding arrangement: every three chain teeth constitute one electrical cycle (i.e., phases A, B, and C), so each phase occupies 1.5mm, and one cycle is 4.5mm. Therefore, the entire zipper has approximately [missing information - likely a number of teeth]. L Zipper / 4.5 electrical cycles. Winding arrangement: A three-phase winding is arranged inside the zipper tape, which can be made of thin wire wound laterally (perpendicular to the direction of zipper movement). Chain head dimensions inside the chain teeth: Assuming a length of 25mm, a width of 15mm, and a height of 8mm. Magnet dimensions: 2mm (length) × 10mm (width) × 1.5mm (thickness). It should be noted that the above dimensions are only recommended and can be adjusted according to requirements.

[0065] The intelligent zipper system of this invention is a flexible intelligent device integrating electromechanical drive, intelligent sensing, and bidirectional energy management. It achieves precise, silent, and automated movement of the zipper head through the interaction of a controllable electromagnetic field and a permanent magnet. Simultaneously, through a kinetic energy conversion and recovery mechanism, the mechanical energy of manual operation is converted into electrical energy, enabling the system to be self-sustaining or powered for special functions. The two main components of the intelligent zipper system are the zipper belt 1 and the zipper head 3. The zipper belt 1 serves as the stator and track of the system, with zipper teeth 2 embedded in the track and containing built-in three-phase windings 4. The zipper head 3 serves as the mover and execution unit of the system, carrying a permanent magnet array 5. The control unit 6 receives preset commands (such as fully open, half-open, closed) and controls the smooth movement of the zipper head 3 according to the target position and current state to avoid sudden starts and stops, improving comfort and reliability. The control unit 6 can run a six-step commutation algorithm to precisely control the current phase and amplitude of the three-phase windings, thereby synthesizing a moving magnetic field with controllable direction and speed. By receiving data from position sensors and coordinating with tiered power supply, the chain head is driven more precisely and stably. In electric mode, PWM modulation is used to adjust the chain head drive speed to ensure stable movement and achieve automatic opening and closing of the zipper. In generator mode, the drive PWM output is turned off, and the three-phase windings are switched to the rectifier circuit to prioritize charging the supercapacitor for stable current, and then charging energy storage devices (such as batteries) or directly driving loads (such as LED lights). Figure 16 As shown.

[0066] Example 1 This embodiment provides an intelligent zipper system, including a zipper tape 1, zipper teeth 2 (which can be made of POM engineering plastic), a zipper head 3 (whose outer shell can be made of high-strength nylon composite material), a drive system, a control unit 6, and a power system 7 (which can be made of lithium polymer battery). The zipper tape 1 consists of two strips made of multi-layer flexible composite material. The tape contains wires for connecting the electronic structure within the zipper teeth to external circuits. The zipper teeth 2 are fixed to the tape. The zipper head 3 contains a permanent magnet array 5 (which can be made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnets). This permanent magnet array is arranged in a double-sided uniform magnetization lateral stabilization array, including: a lateral stabilization array with sidewall magnets magnetized in a uniform direction; position sensors 9 are also provided on both sides of the zipper tape. These position sensors are capacitive position detection devices, with multiple capacitive electrodes 8 on both sides of the zipper tape 1. The length direction of the capacitive electrodes 8 is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the zipper head, and the width direction is parallel to the direction of movement of the zipper; a capacitance measurement circuit is connected to the capacitive electrodes 8; the control unit 6 determines the position of the zipper head 3 by detecting the capacitance changes of each capacitive electrode 8. In a capacitive position detection system, a grounded shielding layer 10 is added between the capacitor layer and the winding. This shielding layer 10 can be a copper foil layer, which can absorb and conduct away electric field penetration, reduce electric field coupling, and reduce some magnetic field interference. It can also filter out low-frequency signals using a bandpass filter. The frequency of the three-phase winding is relatively low, ranging from a few to tens of Hz, while the capacitor's operating frequency can be selected from several hundred Hz or higher (e.g., ...). Figure 7(As shown on the left). The three-phase winding 4 of the drive system is embedded in the chain teeth 2 and distributed along the length of the zipper belt. The winding direction is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the chain head. Each chain tooth contains a set of winding coils. The number of winding turns can be appropriately increased according to its own needs to improve the thrust. Within the same length, the number of coils on one side of the chain teeth should be prime to the number of permanent magnets; or the number of coils on both sides of the chain teeth should be prime to the number of permanent magnets. Furthermore, the permanent magnet array 5 has a staggered correspondence with the chain teeth 2 along the direction of movement of the zipper. For example, within the same length, 4 chain teeth can correspond to 5 permanent magnets, or 3 chain teeth can correspond to 4 permanent magnets, or 2 chain teeth can correspond to 3 permanent magnets; or conversely, 5 chain teeth can correspond to 4 permanent magnets, 4 chain teeth can correspond to 3 permanent magnets, 3 chain teeth can correspond to 2 permanent magnets, and so on. This breaks the integer multiple relationship between the permanent magnet pole pitch and the chain tooth pitch, maintaining left and right thrust balance, avoiding motion jamming, optimizing the magnetic field waveform, and reducing harmonic content, thereby achieving more continuous thrust and lower thrust fluctuations. When the system is powered on, the power supply outputs DC power, which is then sent to the three-phase full-bridge inverter of the rectifier unit to convert the DC power into AC power. The system controls a preset electronic commutation sequence of six steps, with the six conduction states sequentially activated: the first upper transistor Q1 is connected to the second lower transistor Q4, the first upper transistor Q1 is connected to the third lower transistor Q6, the third upper transistor Q5 is connected to the second lower transistor Q4, the third upper transistor Q5 is connected to the first lower transistor Q2, the second upper transistor Q3 is connected to the first lower transistor Q2, and the second upper transistor Q3 is connected to the third lower transistor Q6, and so on. When the control unit executes "AB conduction," it establishes a magnetic field in the 0° direction inside the winding, and so on. Considering the staggered arrangement of the left and right zipper teeth, three-phase drive currents are applied to the three-phase windings of the left and right zipper teeth respectively. The phase of the three-phase drive current applied to the right zipper tooth winding is configured to have a preset fixed phase offset relative to the three-phase drive current applied to the left zipper tooth winding. This fixed phase offset is configured to compensate for the spatial position difference caused by the staggered arrangement of the left and right zipper teeth, ensuring that the traveling wave magnetic field generated by the left and right zipper tooth windings remains spatially synchronized along the movement path of the zipper head, thereby generating a resultant force with the same direction on the permanent magnet. The fixed phase offset θ is determined according to the following relationship: θ = (ΔS / λ) × 360°, where ΔS is the average spatial offset distance of the right zipper tooth relative to the left zipper tooth in the zipper movement direction, and λ is the magnetic field wavelength determined by the pole pitch of the three-phase windings. When the left and right zipper teeth are arranged with a difference of half a tooth pitch, the fixed phase offset θ is preferably 90° electrical angle. The PWM output unit of the control unit generates two three-phase PWM signals with a fixed phase offset, which are then applied to the left and right chain tooth windings via independent power drive circuits, thereby generating a continuous resultant force that allows the zipper to move smoothly.When the zipper is opened, phases AB, AC, BC, BA, CA, and CB are sequentially switched on. This causes phases A, B, and C to continuously generate thrust within an electrical angle range of 0° to 120°, establishing a corresponding magnetic field. This magnetic field then induces electromagnetic induction with the permanent magnet in the zipper head. Utilizing the magnetic property of "like poles repel and unlike poles attract," the zipper is automatically opened. A segmented power supply method is used, with each zipper tooth requiring an electronic switch (MOSFET as the electronic switch). Every three zipper teeth form a segment. The position of the zipper head is detected by a position sensor (capacitive sensor). Based on the position of the zipper head, the control circuit controls the corresponding electronic switch to close, energizing the three-phase windings 4 in the area where the zipper head 3 is located and the adjacent areas. This generates a moving magnetic field, driving the zipper head to move. The capacitive sensor detects that the three-phase windings 4 in the zipper teeth in the area where the zipper head 3 is located and the adjacent areas are energized, thus achieving energy saving.

[0067] Example 2 This embodiment modifies the arrangement of the position sensor and permanent magnet in Embodiment 1. The position sensor 9 can be a Hall sensor. This position detection device includes: multiple Hall sensors arranged on both sides of the zipper tape 1, with the Hall sensors arranged along the direction of zipper movement; "physical separation and suppression of interference fields" is achieved through a special sensor layout and shielding material. Differential Hall pair arrangement: Instead of using a single sensor, two Hall sensors (A+ and A-) with identical characteristics are arranged side by side with a small gap (e.g., 2mm), and the line connecting them is perpendicular to the direction of zipper movement. A magnetic shielding chamber design is adopted, and a "magnetic shielding chamber" is made for each "Hall pair". A "П"-shaped cover is made using a high magnetic permeability material (e.g., permalloy), with the opening facing the direction of the permanent magnet, enclosing the "Hall pair". This magnetic shielding chamber can greatly attenuate stray magnetic fields from the windings (sides and rear), but has a smaller attenuation for the main magnetic field of the permanent magnet entering from the opening. Differential measurement principle: The interference magnetic field generated by the windings is almost the same at points A+ and A- of the "Hall pair" (common mode signal). Because of their close proximity, permanent magnets exhibit a magnetic field strength difference (differential-mode signal) between points A+ and A-. By connecting the A+ and A- signals to a differential amplifier, common-mode interference is significantly suppressed, while the differential-mode signal is amplified. Even in full-time drive mode, the system can continuously read the differential Hall voltage. By scanning the differential outputs of all "Hall pairs," the point with the largest difference is identified as the center position of the permanent magnet. This enables near real-time position tracking and provides strong anti-interference capabilities. Figure 7 As shown on the right.

[0068] Example 3 like Figure 3 , 4As shown in Figures 5 and 6, this embodiment is largely the same as the previous embodiment, but the permanent magnet array 5 can be replaced in several ways. For example, a second laterally stabilizing permanent magnet array can be formed on the upper left and upper right sides of the top plate and the lower left and lower right sides of the bottom plate. This allows for better force balance between the upper and lower parts, ensuring that the resultant force is directed upwards (zipper opening / closing) or downwards (zipper opening). This avoids unbalanced pushing force, which could cause excessive friction between the chain teeth and the chain head. Alternatively, a third permanent magnet can be placed horizontally at the connection point in the middle of the chain head. This permanent magnet array has only one permanent magnet unit, and the length of the permanent magnet in the direction of movement... L Magnet and the spacing between chain teeth d Teeth The following relationship exists: L Magnet ≥1.5 d Teeth This ensures continuous thrust and balanced thrust on both sides, avoiding friction and jamming; or, horizontal permanent magnets can be set on the surfaces of the upper and lower plates, i.e., the fourth permanent magnet array increases the area of ​​the permanent magnets and increases the thrust, and the upper and lower plates are placed simultaneously to maintain force balance. The N and S poles of this array and their spatial positions can be arranged according to requirements, as long as at any given time, there is always a permanent magnet unit corresponding to the winding of the chain tooth, thus ensuring continuous thrust and lower thrust fluctuations, while also helping to maintain the thrust balance of the chain head in a plane perpendicular to the direction of movement, so that the overall force is always in the direction of chain head movement.

[0069] Example 4 like Figure 14 , 15 As shown in Figure 16, when the battery supply is insufficient, the microcontroller switches to power generation mode, shutting down the three-phase inverter bridge (6 MOSFETs) connected between the battery and the windings to prevent the generated energy from being consumed or damaging components. Simultaneously, the rectifier charging circuit is activated, forming a new energy path. This connects the three-phase rectifier bridge between the windings and the charging circuit. By pulling the chain head (built-in permanent magnet) up and down, the permanent magnet moves relative to the three-phase windings, generating three-phase alternating current. This is rectified into direct current by the rectifier bridge. The voltage generated by manual pulling is unstable and the energy is discontinuous, exhibiting significant fluctuations. This energy is then temporarily stored by a supercapacitor to absorb voltage fluctuations, and finally, the smooth and stable energy is delivered to the battery during the charging process. It should be noted that the power generation mode is not limited to powering the battery of the smart zipper system; it can also power external batteries or external circuit loads.

[0070] Example 5 This embodiment is an emergency distress and status indication self-generating zipper. Optionally, the generated current can bypass rectification and capacitor charging. This embodiment focuses on directly generating a visible light signal through manual operation when no external power source is available. It is suitable for use in outdoor equipment, safety clothing, and other scenarios for distress signals. The zipper tape structure is similar to that of Embodiment 1, but the three-phase winding design emphasizes high-voltage output (using more turns). Figure 13 As shown, several high-brightness LEDs 12 (such as surface-mount LEDs) are integrated at the end of the zipper tape or at a specific location. The system contains no battery or only a very small buffer capacitor. The power generation circuit includes a simple three-phase bridge rectifier, the output of which is connected directly to the LEDs or via a simple voltage regulator circuit. Users can configure a mechanical toggle switch to select different flashing modes (such as constant light, SOS Morse code flashing).

[0071] Option 1 (Direct Drive): This direct current directly drives the LED to blink. The faster the pulling speed, the higher the flashing frequency, and the brightness may vary with the voltage.

[0072] Option 2 (Simple Energy Storage Drive): Direct current first charges and stores energy in a small electrolytic capacitor or supercapacitor. Then, an oscillation circuit controls the capacitor to periodically discharge to the LED, generating a stable and regular flashing signal (such as SOS), unaffected by the uniformity of the zipper pull. The zipper system in this embodiment can achieve instant lighting upon zipping, without relying on any pre-charged batteries. It is a passive safety device that directly converts mechanical energy into light energy.

[0073] Example 6 like Figure 19As shown, this embodiment is an intelligent zipper system that can be used for musical performance, combining the functions of a musical instrument and a toy. It includes the zipper strap, the chain head, the oscillation circuit, the passive sound-generating module, and the speaker. The oscillation circuit is configured to correspond to the pitch ranges of the zipper strap, and the passive sound-generating module integrates relevant functional units to achieve sound control. The zipper strap is divided into eight different pitch ranges along its length, corresponding sequentially to the notes 1 (do), 2 (re), 3 (mi), 4 (fa), 5 (so), 6 (la), 7 (si), and i (high do). Different pitch ranges correspond to different preset pitches. Assuming the total length of the zipper strap is 24cm, and the eight pitch ranges are evenly divided with each range being 3cm long, when the user pulls the chain head in different ranges, the pitch emitted by the speaker is different. For example, the first 3cm range corresponds to the do note, the second 3cm range corresponds to the re note, and so on. In this embodiment, the pitch is uniquely determined by the pitch range in which the chain head is located, and the volume is determined by the pulling speed of the chain head. According to the formula of induced electromotive force E∝(magnetic field B)×(speed v)×(number of turns N), the faster the pulling speed, the stronger the induced current generated by the three-phase winding, the stronger the ability to drive the subsequent circuit, and the louder the volume. If the speed is too slow, the sound will stop. The music performance function is realized by "mapping the pitch position to the frequency and adjusting the amplitude by the pulling speed".

[0074] The mechanical and magnetic circuit structure is designed as follows: the chain teeth cooperate with the three-phase windings (stator), each pitch range has an independent three-phase winding embedded within it and is connected to a preset frequency oscillation circuit. The preset frequencies of the oscillation circuits in different pitch ranges are different and consistent with the corresponding standard pitch frequencies, such as 261.63Hz for the do range and 293.66Hz for the re range. Each pitch range is electrically independent and outputs a corresponding electrical signal. The chain head (mover) has an embedded array of permanent magnets with multiple poles (e.g., 2 pairs of poles, the number of pole pairs can be increased as needed) alternating N and S. Its length is slightly less than the length of one pitch range (e.g., 2cm), ensuring that when the chain head is in any position, its magnetic field is mainly coupled to the three-phase winding of only one pitch range, avoiding pitch confusion caused by multiple ranges emitting sound simultaneously.

[0075] The intelligent zipper system of this embodiment does not require a microcontroller and its functions are implemented by pure analog circuits. The passive sound generation module is electrically connected to each of the oscillation circuits individually, including the rectifier unit, the energy buffer unit, the power amplifier circuit, and the audio generation unit. The oscillation circuit integrates passive resonant elements (such as LC resonant circuits), and its inherent resonant frequency is consistent with the standard pitch frequency of the corresponding musical range and the preset frequency of the oscillation circuit. The specific working process is as follows: when the user pulls the zipper head, the embedded permanent magnet array moves in the zipper belt track, cutting the three-phase winding magnetic field lines of the corresponding range to generate an induced current. This current is transmitted to the corresponding oscillation circuit and converted into an electrical signal consistent with the preset frequency. Subsequently, the electrical signal is transmitted to the passive sound generation module, rectified by the rectifier unit, smoothed by the energy buffer unit (using a 100µF small-capacity capacitor), and amplified by the power amplifier circuit. The audio generation unit then generates an audio signal of the corresponding pitch, which is played through the speaker. The user pulls the chain head back and forth to the target pitch range (similar to the movement of a violin bow). By switching the range and changing the pulling speed, simple melodies and rhythms can be played.

[0076] Example 7 This embodiment reuses the drive winding for sensorless position detection. The spatial arrangement and morphology of the drive winding are as follows: Three-dimensional position: The drive winding is precisely embedded or fitted into the base of each chain tooth in the form of a "miniature solenoid". For example, a traditional chain tooth is hollowed out, and a miniature coil is placed inside, which is consistent with the three-phase winding in Embodiment 1. Arrangement: Along the length of the zipper tape, the winding is arranged periodically in the order of the three phases A, B, and C. Every three consecutive chain teeth (e.g., Figure 1 As shown, L1, L2, L3; R1, R2, R3) are respectively embedded with A-phase, B-phase, and C-phase windings, forming a minimum electrical cycle unit, and this pattern is repeated until the entire length is covered. The axial direction of all solenoid windings is perpendicular to the plane of the zipper tape (i.e., perpendicular to the plane where the zipper fabric is located). When the zipper is closed, the winding axes on the left and right chain teeth are arranged face to face. On the lower plate of the chain head, a set of permanent magnets (such as...) are arranged along the direction of movement. Figure 4(As shown). The position detection method employs a "high-frequency signal injection method." A small voltage signal with a frequency much higher than the driving fundamental frequency (e.g., a 100kHz detection signal superimposed on a 20kHz driving fundamental frequency) is superimposed on the PWM signal. The presence of the permanent magnet significantly alters the equivalent inductance of nearby windings. When the chain head moves, the inductance value of the winding below it changes systematically. By detecting the current response (amplitude and phase) of a specific phase (e.g., phase A) winding to the high-frequency injection signal, the real-time inductance value of that winding can be accurately calculated. Since the windings are spatially fixed, the change in inductance value has a definite mapping relationship with the relative position of the permanent magnet (which can be obtained through pre-calibration). By monitoring the inductance value and combining it with the spatial phase relationship of the three-phase windings, the precise absolute position of the permanent magnet (i.e., the chain head) can be calculated in real time.

[0077] Example 8 This embodiment employs independent detection magnets and sensor arrays, with the magnets inside the zipper head arranged in zones: the drive magnet group is located in the core area at the bottom of the zipper head, and can use high-performance materials (such as neodymium iron boron), arranged in a dense alternating N / S pattern, its sole purpose being to generate the largest unidirectional driving magnetic field. The detection magnet group is located in front of and behind the drive magnet group (along the direction of movement). Typically, a pair of slender permanent magnets are used, with their magnetization direction being transverse (i.e., parallel to the zipper tape plane and perpendicular to the direction of movement) (e.g., ...). Figure 18 (As shown). For example, the left side has the N pole pointing to the right, and the right side has the S pole pointing to the left, thus forming a strong, directional transverse gradient magnetic field in the gap between them. The driving magnet and the detection magnet are spatially isolated, and the magnetic fields they generate are also mainly distributed in different areas, with little mutual interference. The sensors are linear Hall sensors, installed inside the zipper track (i.e., at the position corresponding to the detection magnet group at the zipper head), also arranged in a row with high density (e.g., spacing 1-2 mm) along the length direction. When the detection magnet group at the zipper head passes by, the transverse gradient magnetic field it generates sweeps across the Hall sensor array in sequence. Each sensor outputs a voltage signal proportional to the magnetic field strength. By reading the signal of the entire array and finding the signal peak or a specific zero crossing point, the absolute position of the zipper head can be read directly and digitally. The detection accuracy is high (up to 0.1 mm level), the response is fast, and it is almost unaffected by the driving magnetic field. The algorithm is simple and reliable, but the cost is increased hardware cost and complexity of the magnets, sensor array, and signal lines.

[0078] Example 9 This embodiment employs an independent detection winding and a multi-layer flexible circuit board structure: The first layer (bottom / drive layer): uses relatively thick copper wire (e.g., wire diameter 0.2mm or more), etched or printed to form a "racetrack-shaped" planar coil as the drive winding. It has strong current carrying capacity to provide high thrust. The second layer (insulating layer): is a layer of polyimide (PI) or polyester (PET) film, used to ensure high-voltage electrical isolation between the drive layer and the detection layer. The third layer (top / detection layer): uses fine copper wire (e.g., wire diameter 0.05mm), formed through photolithography or precision printing processes into a special "sine-cosine" winding pattern (e.g., ... Figure 17 (As shown). The detection winding is not a single, independent coil, but rather two sets of continuous, smoothly varying wavy wire patterns, resembling two sine curves with a 90-degree phase difference, precisely interlaced and printed on the detection layer. These two sets of patterns are spatially offset by 1 / 4 pitch (i.e., 1 / 4 of a magnetic pole cycle). In the detection winding, one set (e.g., the sine winding) is selected as the primary, and a high-frequency (typically several kHz to tens of kHz) AC excitation voltage is applied. An independent detection permanent magnet (e.g., ...) within the chain head... Figure 3 The target sheet (shown) or its internal soft magnetic material modulates this magnetic field. Another set of windings (cosine winding) and the sine winding itself act as secondary windings, inducing two voltage signals with amplitudes proportional to the sine (sin) and cosine (cos) functions at the chain head position, respectively. These two voltage signals (V) are read by the circuit. sin and V cos ), calculate the arctangent function (θ=arctan(V sin / V cos By counting the number of electrical cycles, the absolute position of the chain head within one electrical cycle can be obtained. Combined with this counting, the absolute position over the entire length can be obtained. This achieves true absolute position detection with high precision and high reliability, extremely strong anti-interference capabilities, and a long service life.

[0079] Example 10 In a solenoid electromagnet, the magnetic field strength is governed by Ampere's circuital law. The decision, among which, Where is the vacuum permeability, n is the number of turns per unit length of the coil, and I is the excitation current. To further enhance the electromagnetic drive efficiency, the three-phase winding in this embodiment may selectively be equipped with a magnetic circuit enhancement structure. When a ferromagnetic rod (such as an iron, nickel, or cobalt-based material) is inserted inside the solenoid, the high relative permeability of the ferromagnetic material (…) This will significantly change the magnetic circuit characteristics: Permeability enhancement effect: Ferromagnetic materials form magnetic domain structures through spontaneous magnetization. Under the influence of an external magnetic field, the magnetic domains align along the direction of the magnetic field, increasing the magnetic induction intensity inside the material. Much larger than in a vacuum At this point, the effective permeability of the solenoid changes from... Upgraded to This leads to axial magnetic induction intensity Increase to Magnitude.

[0080] Magnetic circuit closure and leakage flux suppression: A ferromagnetic rod serves as the magnetic core, guiding magnetic field lines through a high-permeability path to form a closed magnetic circuit, reducing the diffusion of magnetic flux into the surrounding medium (i.e., reducing the leakage flux coefficient). According to Ohm's law for magnetic circuits); magnetomotive force When constant, magnetic reluctance ( l The length of the magnetic circuit. A (For cross-sectional area) The increase and decrease result in magnetic flux Significant increase.

[0081] Magnetic force enhancement mechanism: magnetic induction intensity B The increase directly improves the magnetic field energy density. This also enhances the electromagnet's attraction to external magnetic objects (such as ferromagnetic workpieces). (For the parallel plate model); In addition, the saturation magnetostriction effect of ferromagnetic materials can further optimize the magnetic field distribution and improve the efficiency of the magnetic force.

[0082] In scenarios requiring high thrust (such as rapid start-up or overcoming high resistance), once the iron core saturates, the system will instantly degenerate into a "hollow coil," unable to further increase thrust, and may even burn out the coil due to excessive current. Iron core materials (especially silicon steel) have high density, and their addition significantly increases the weight and rigidity of the zipper tape, making it heavy and stiff. The embedding of this ferromagnetic material can be flexibly adjusted according to individual needs, improving the performance of the zipper system.

[0083] Based on this, compared with the prior art, the intelligent zipper system of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: (1) This invention innovatively integrates electric drive and power generation functions into a single zipper system containing three-phase windings and permanent magnets. The system can not only convert electrical energy into kinetic energy to drive the zipper to open and close automatically, but also convert the mechanical energy of manual operation by the user into electrical energy to charge the battery or power other devices. This achieves a leap from "one-way power consumption" to "two-way energy autonomy", effectively solving the core pain point of mobile devices that are "useless when there is no power", and greatly improving the automation, practicality and reliability of the product.

[0084] (2) The present invention adopts a configuration of “stator windings distributed embedded in chain teeth and moving permanent magnets integrated in chain head”, which realizes contactless and stable electromagnetic movement of chain head, effectively avoids jamming and wear caused by mechanical friction, and significantly improves the service life of the system.

[0085] (3) The dual-sided unified magnetization lateral stable magnetic circuit design (NS lateral arrangement) proposed in this invention generates a passive "magnetic levitation" effect. When the chain head shifts laterally, the system can automatically generate a strong magnetic restoring force to keep it stable on the central track, significantly improving the smoothness of movement and anti-interference ability, and fundamentally avoiding derailment or jamming caused by shaking.

[0086] (4) The present invention adopts a segmented power supply method. Each chain tooth requires an electronic switch. Every three chain teeth constitute a segment. By detecting that the three-phase windings in the chain head area and adjacent chain teeth are energized, the system energy consumption is effectively reduced.

[0087] (5) This invention can not only realize the automatic opening and closing of the zipper from beginning to end, but also monitor the opening and closing position in real time, so that it can open or close within a specific range, or even open and close back and forth within a certain position range. Its application scenarios are wide, including but not limited to automatic clothing, clothing toys, clothing musical instruments, rescue clothing, clothing generators, clothing engines, etc.

[0088] The above provides a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. All such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included within the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart zipper system, characterized in that, include: The zipper tape has multiple teeth. The chain head is movably mounted on the zipper tape, and the chain head is embedded with an array of permanent magnets; The drive system includes a three-phase winding embedded in the chain teeth; The position detection system is used to detect the position of the chain head in real time and output a feedback signal; The control unit is used to control the energizing state of the three-phase winding. According to the feedback signal of the position detection system, the control unit controls the three-phase winding to generate a moving magnetic field, which drives the permanent magnet array to move the chain head. A power supply system that supplies power to the drive system and the control unit; A rectifier is used to convert direct current into alternating current to supply the three-phase windings to generate a magnetic field. The intelligent zipper system has an electric mode and a power generation mode. In the electric mode, the drive system generates a moving magnetic field by controlling the energization state of the three-phase winding through the control unit, and interacts with the permanent magnet array to drive the zipper head to move and achieve automatic opening and closing. In the power generation mode, by pulling the zipper head, the permanent magnet array and the three-phase winding are made to move relative to each other, so that the three-phase winding generates an induced current, which is rectified and regulated to charge the energy storage device or supply power to the load.

2. The intelligent zipper system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The permanent magnet array contains one or more permanent magnet units; When the permanent magnet array contains only one permanent magnet unit, the length of the permanent magnet unit in the direction of motion... L Magnet Spacing between adjacent chain teeth on the same side d Teeth The following relationship exists: L Magnet ≥1.5 d Teeth ; The permanent magnet array contains multiple permanent magnet units, which are closely arranged along the zipper movement direction. These permanent magnet units are arranged in an alternating N / S polarity, mutually repulsive, and satisfy the condition that at any given moment, any one of the permanent magnet units corresponds to a winding of a chain tooth. The permanent magnet array has a misaligned correspondence with the chain teeth along the zipper movement direction. This misalignment occurs when, within the same length of the permanent magnet array along the zipper movement direction, the number of chain teeth on one side and the number of permanent magnet units are mutually prime, or the number of chain teeth on both sides and the number of permanent magnet units are mutually prime. The permanent magnet array is arranged in a double-sided uniform magnetization transversely stable array or a double-sided cross-stable array.

3. The intelligent zipper system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rectifier includes a three-phase full-bridge inverter, which is composed of six power switching transistors connected in a three-arm structure. Each arm includes an upper transistor and a lower transistor, used to convert the DC power into three-phase AC power. The six power switching transistors include a first upper transistor, a first lower transistor, a second upper transistor, a second lower transistor, a third upper transistor, and a third lower transistor. The three arms are respectively composed of the first upper transistor and the first lower transistor, the second upper transistor and the second lower transistor, and the third upper transistor and the third lower transistor. The conduction states of the six power switching transistors are sequentially: the first upper transistor and the second lower transistor are conducting, the first upper transistor and the third lower transistor are conducting, the third upper transistor and the second lower transistor are conducting, the third upper transistor and the first lower transistor are conducting, the second upper transistor and the first lower transistor are conducting, and the second upper transistor and the third lower transistor are conducting, and this cycle repeats. The control unit is used to generate six pulse width modulation (PWM) signals to independently control the conduction and cutoff of the six power switching transistors.

4. The intelligent zipper system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The zipper teeth include left and right zipper teeth, which are staggered along the length of the zipper tape. Three-phase windings are embedded in the left and right zipper teeth respectively. When the zipper is opened, three-phase driving currents are applied to the three-phase windings in the left and right zipper teeth respectively. The phase of the three-phase driving current applied to the right zipper winding is configured to have a preset fixed phase offset relative to the three-phase driving current applied to the left zipper winding. This fixed phase offset is used to compensate for the spatial position difference caused by the staggered arrangement of the left and right zipper teeth, ensuring that the traveling wave magnetic fields generated by the left and right zipper windings remain spatially synchronized along the movement path of the zipper head, thereby generating a resultant force with the same direction on the permanent magnet array. When the zipper is closed, the control unit controls the phase sequence of the three-phase drive current to reverse, thereby driving the zipper head to move in the opposite direction.

5. The intelligent zipper system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fixed phase offset is determined according to the following relationship: θ = (ΔS / λ) × 360°, where θ is the fixed phase offset, ΔS is the average spatial offset distance of the right chain tooth relative to the left chain tooth in the zipper movement direction, and λ is the magnetic field wavelength determined by the pole pitch of the three-phase winding. When the left chain teeth and the right chain teeth are arranged with a difference of half a tooth pitch, the fixed phase offset is 90° electrical angle; The PWM output module of the control unit generates two three-phase PWM signals with the fixed phase offset, and applies them to the left chain tooth winding and the right chain tooth winding respectively through independent power drive circuits to generate continuous driving force.

6. The intelligent zipper system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The position detection system is a capacitive position detection device, which includes: Multiple capacitor electrodes are provided, which are fabricated on a flexible insulating substrate. The capacitor electrodes are arranged perpendicular to the direction of movement of the zipper head along both sides of the zipper tape in the length direction and parallel to the direction of movement of the zipper in the width direction. A capacitance measurement circuit is connected to multiple capacitor electrodes, and the control unit determines the real-time position of the chain head by detecting the overall capacitance change of each capacitor electrode.

7. The intelligent zipper system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The position detection system is a Hall sensor position detection device, which includes multiple differential Hall sensor pairs arranged along both sides of the zipper tape. The control unit determines the real-time position of the zipper head by detecting the magnetic field change caused by the movement of the permanent magnet array.

8. The intelligent zipper system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a power generation system, which comprises: The rectifier circuit is connected at one end to the three-phase winding and at the other end to the filter and voltage regulator unit. The filtering and voltage regulation unit includes a filtering capacitor and is connected to the rectifier circuit to smoothly regulate the voltage of the rectified current. The energy storage device is connected to the capacitor of the filter and voltage regulator unit; The control unit can switch the system to power generation mode. When the chain head is manually pulled, the permanent magnet array moves relative to the three-phase winding, generating induced alternating current in the three-phase winding. After being rectified by the rectifier circuit and smoothed by the filter and voltage stabilization unit, the induced alternating current charges the energy storage device or provides power to the downstream load.

9. The intelligent zipper system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-phase winding adopts a segmented power supply method. Each chain tooth is equipped with an electronic switch, and every three chain teeth form a power supply segment. The current position of the chain head is detected by the position detection system. Based on the current position of the chain head, the control unit controls the corresponding electronic switch to energize the three-phase windings in the area where the chain head is located and the adjacent areas, thereby generating a moving magnetic field and driving the chain head to move. Multiple electronic switches are centrally mounted on the external circuit of the smart zipper system to form an electronic switch matrix, which is composed of multiple metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs). The power supply lines of the windings of each power supply segment are respectively connected to the corresponding MOSFETs in the electronic switch matrix. Based on the real-time position information of the zipper head, the control unit selectively turns on the corresponding MOSFETs in the electronic switch matrix to supply power only to the three-phase windings of the power supply segment where the zipper head is located and the adjacent power supply segments.

10. The intelligent zipper system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The zipper tape is divided into at least two different pitch ranges along its length. Each pitch range is embedded with an independent three-phase winding, and each pitch range is connected to a preset frequency oscillation circuit. The preset frequencies of the oscillation circuits corresponding to different pitch ranges are different. The preset frequency of the oscillation circuit corresponds to a preset pitch, and each pitch range corresponds to a unique preset pitch. When the permanent magnet array embedded in the chain head moves in the zipper belt track, it cuts the three-phase winding magnetic field lines in the corresponding pitch range to generate an induced current. The induced current is transmitted to the oscillation circuit corresponding to the pitch range, and the oscillation circuit converts it into an electrical signal with the same preset frequency as itself. The frequency of the electrical signal is the sound wave frequency corresponding to the preset pitch of the pitch range. The intelligent zipper system also includes a passive sound-generating module, which is individually electrically connected to each of the oscillation circuits to receive a preset frequency electrical signal output by the oscillation circuit. The passive sound-generating module includes a rectifier unit, an energy buffer unit, a power amplifier circuit, and an audio generation unit. The rectifier unit rectifies the electrical signal output by the oscillation circuit. The energy buffer unit stores electrical energy to ensure stable sound generation. The power amplifier circuit amplifies the rectified electrical signal to meet the speaker's playback requirements. The audio generation unit receives the amplified preset frequency electrical signal, generates an audio signal corresponding to a preset pitch within the specified musical range, and plays it through the speaker. The frequency of the audio signal is determined by the preset frequency of the oscillation circuit corresponding to the musical range where the zipper head is located, and is independent of the zipper head's movement speed. The volume of the audio signal is determined by the zipper head's movement speed; the faster the zipper head moves, the stronger the induced current generated by the coil. After processing by the oscillation circuit and power amplification by the passive sound-generating module, the louder the speaker output volume.

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