Laser cutting equipment based on 3D dynamic focusing galvanometer

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides laser cutting equipment based on a 3D dynamic focusing galvanometer, and relates to the field of laser cutting. The laser cutting equipment based on the 3D dynamic focusing galvanometer comprises a laser device, a light path sealing transmission assembly and an optical 3D galvanometer scanning system, the laser output end of the laser device is connected with the input end of the light path sealing transmission assembly, and the output end of the light path sealing transmission assembly is connected with a light beam input port of the optical 3D galvanometer scanning system. According to the laser cutting equipment, the mechanical interference problem of three-dimensional curved surface machining is structurally avoided, laser beam three-dimensional precise scanning and focus real-time adjustment are achieved, the cutting precision, quality and efficiency of non-metal parts are greatly improved, small-batch and multi-variety production requirements can be met, and the machining, operation and maintenance cost is remarkably reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of laser cutting technology, and more specifically, to a laser cutting device based on a 3D dynamic focusing galvanometer. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of laser cutting, the demand for processing complex three-dimensional curved non-metallic parts such as automotive interior and exterior components is increasing, but traditional laser cutting equipment has many core technical problems. Traditional focused cutting head equipment is prone to mechanical interference with the workpiece during processing, especially in narrow and long gap areas where it cannot be cut normally. In addition, the thermal melting effect of non-metallic materials is significant, resulting in many burrs on the cutting edge and low dimensional accuracy, which makes it difficult to meet processing requirements.

[0003] While existing 3D galvanometer systems are used for surface machining, the synchronization control precision between the dynamic focusing module and the galvanometer is insufficient, resulting in lag in focus position control. During high-speed scanning, the laser focus cannot accurately follow the three-dimensional surface, easily leading to inconsistent cutting depth and focus drift. At the same time, the moving parts of the equipment have high inertia, and high-speed machining can easily cause vibration, resulting in damage to cutting accuracy. Furthermore, programming and path planning for complex three-dimensional surfaces are difficult, resulting in low processing efficiency. In addition, traditional machining requires the creation of expensive molds, highlighting the cost and cycle issues of small-batch, multi-variety production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this application proposes a laser cutting device based on a 3D dynamic focusing galvanometer, which structurally avoids the mechanical interference problem in the processing of three-dimensional curved surfaces, realizes precise three-dimensional scanning of the laser beam and real-time focus adjustment, significantly improves the accuracy, quality and efficiency of cutting non-metallic parts, and can also adapt to the needs of small-batch, multi-variety production while significantly reducing processing and maintenance costs.

[0005] A laser cutting device based on a 3D dynamic focusing galvanometer according to an embodiment of this application includes: a laser, an optical path sealed transmission component, and an optical 3D galvanometer scanning system. The laser output end of the laser is connected to the input end of the optical path sealed transmission component, and the output end of the optical path sealed transmission component is connected to the beam input port of the optical 3D galvanometer scanning system. The optical 3D galvanometer scanning system is equipped with a "synchronous drive structure" for synchronously controlling the planar deflection of the laser beam and the axial position adjustment of the focal point, and making the output parameters of the laser and the motion state of the planar deflection and axial position adjustment linked in real time.

[0006] According to some embodiments of this application, the laser is a CO2 laser with a wavelength of 10600nm and a power of 450W.

[0007] According to some embodiments of this application, the optical path sealed transmission assembly includes a beam input end and a beam angle adapter, wherein the beam input end and the beam angle adapter cooperate to realize the access of the laser beam and the initial adjustment of the optical path direction.

[0008] According to some embodiments of this application, the output side of the beam input end is connected to a beam angle adapter, the reflective end of the beam angle adapter is fitted with a reflective optical path protective sleeve, and the end of the reflective optical path protective sleeve is connected to a secondary beam angle adapter.

[0009] According to some embodiments of this application, the output end of the beam secondary angle adapter is sequentially provided with a beam expanding bushing and a beam angle reflection adjustment mechanism.

[0010] According to some embodiments of this application, the optical 3D galvanometer scanning system includes a galvanometer module, a Z-axis dynamic focusing module, and a cooling circulation module. The optical 3D galvanometer scanning system achieves precise three-dimensional scanning of the laser beam and real-time focus adjustment through the collaboration of the galvanometer module and the Z-axis dynamic focusing module.

[0011] According to some embodiments of this application, the galvanometer module is connected to the Z-axis dynamic focusing module, and the heat dissipation end of the cooling circulation module is respectively attached to the galvanometer module and the Z-axis dynamic focusing module.

[0012] According to some embodiments of this application, the galvanometer module includes an X-axis galvanometer and a Y-axis galvanometer, which are configured in conjunction with each other, with their deflection ends facing the incident light side of the Z-axis dynamic focusing module.

[0013] According to some embodiments of this application, the Z-axis dynamic focusing module includes a Z-axis dynamic focusing lens and a reciprocating drive, wherein the mounting end of the Z-axis dynamic focusing lens is connected to the output end of the reciprocating drive, and the driving direction of the reciprocating drive is the Z-axis direction.

[0014] According to some embodiments of this application, a beam hood is mounted at the bottom of the galvanometer module, and the beam working range of the beam hood is 360°. 360mm, beam working height is 400mm.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this application are: 1. This solution's laser cutting equipment based on a 3D dynamic focusing galvanometer effectively solves the core technical problems existing in traditional laser cutting, completely avoiding mechanical interference and significantly improving processing accuracy and cutting quality. The equipment abandons the traditional focusing cutting head structure, achieving precise scanning of the laser beam in three-dimensional space and real-time focus adjustment through the coordinated action of the galvanometer module and the Z-axis dynamic focusing module. Structurally, it avoids mechanical interference with three-dimensional curved workpieces and narrow slit areas, enabling the cutting of various complex and irregularly shaped non-metallic parts. Simultaneously, it uses a 10600nm wavelength laser, which can be efficiently absorbed by non-metallic materials. Combined with the high-precision deflection of the electromagnetic galvanometer and the precise focusing of the Z-axis dynamic focusing mirror, less heat is applied to the material surface during cutting, the heat-affected zone is smaller, the kerf is narrow and aesthetically pleasing, and the cutting edge is smooth and burr-free, achieving a flame-polishing effect without the need for secondary grinding. Furthermore, the non-contact processing method ensures that the material does not deform, there is no chipping, and the cut is clean and dust-free, effectively guaranteeing the dimensional accuracy and appearance quality of the processed workpiece.

[0016] 2. This equipment significantly improves processing efficiency and production flexibility while substantially reducing manufacturing costs, adapting to various processing needs. The equipment's galvanometer system controls the laser beam direction through minute angle deflections of the reflectors, resulting in zero inertia and high scanning speed. Combined with automated loading and unloading and intelligent layout systems, processing efficiency is more than three times higher than traditional CNC machining. It can complete all processes such as hole cutting, edge trimming, and hollowing in one operation, ensuring high precision and consistency. There is no need to create expensive molds for three-dimensional irregular workpieces, making it particularly suitable for small-batch, multi-variety production or new product development, significantly shortening product launch cycles. The equipment also has good processing adaptability for various non-metallic materials such as PP, ABS, and carbon fiber, achieving multi-purpose functionality and effectively reducing equipment investment. Furthermore, the core moving component is a non-contact electromagnetic galvanometer, resulting in minimal wear and low maintenance costs. The cooling circulation module enables real-time temperature control management, ensuring long-term stable operation and further reducing production and maintenance costs.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a laser cutting device based on a 3D dynamic focusing galvanometer according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a laser structure according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the optical path sealed transmission assembly structure according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 According to the embodiments of this application Figure 3 Sectional view at the CC section; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure of an optical 3D galvanometer scanning system according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the galvanometer module structure according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the Z-axis dynamic focusing module structure according to an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Icons: 100, Laser; 101, Connecting plate; 200, Optical path sealing transmission assembly; 210, Beam input end; 220, Beam angle adapter; 230, Reflective optical path protective sleeve; 240, Beam secondary angle adapter; 250, Beam expander bushing; 260, Beam angle reflection adjustment mechanism; 300, Optical 3D galvanometer scanning system; 310, Galvanometer module; 311, X-axis galvanometer; 312, Y-axis galvanometer; 320, Z-axis dynamic focusing module; 321, Z-axis dynamic focusing lens; 322, Reciprocating drive; 330, Cooling circulation module; 340, Beam input port; 350, Beam cover; 400, Mounting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a laser cutting device based on a 3D dynamic focusing galvanometer includes a laser 100, an optical path sealed transmission assembly 200, and an optical 3D galvanometer scanning system 300. The laser 100, the optical path sealed transmission assembly 200, and the optical 3D galvanometer scanning system 300 are all mounted on the end of a mounting plate 400. The laser output end of the laser 100 is connected to the input end of the optical path sealed transmission assembly 200, and the output end of the optical path sealed transmission assembly 200 is connected to the beam input port 340 of the optical 3D galvanometer scanning system 300. The optical 3D galvanometer scanning system 300 is equipped with a "synchronous drive structure" for synchronously controlling the planar deflection of the laser beam and the axial position adjustment of the focal point, and making the output parameters of the laser 100 linked in real time with the motion state of the planar deflection and the axial position adjustment.

[0023] Among them, laser 100 is a CO2 laser with a wavelength of 10600nm and a power of 450W, and is a fiber laser 100 type.

[0024] Specifically, the housing of the laser 100 is made of 6061 aluminum alloy through die casting, which combines lightweight and structural rigidity, effectively reducing the overall assembly weight of the equipment and reducing vibration transmission during laser operation.

[0025] The laser 100 has connecting plates 101 installed on both sides, and the connecting plates 101 are fastened to the surface of the mounting plate 400 by bolts.

[0026] Specifically, the mounting plate 400 is made of Q235 steel plate by CNC milling and the surface is treated with rust prevention. The area used to assemble various components is precision milled. The mounting plate 400 has multiple weight reduction grooves and cable routing grooves. The weight reduction grooves can reduce the overall weight while ensuring structural strength. The cable routing grooves are used to store the connecting cables between the laser 100, the optical path sealing transmission component 200 and the optical 3D galvanometer scanning system 300, so as to achieve the neat arrangement of cables and avoid the cables from getting tangled and affecting the movement of the equipment.

[0027] Furthermore, the connecting plate 101 is a 304 stainless steel stamping part with an oblong mounting hole on its surface. The adjustment stroke of the oblong hole is 20mm, which can realize the fine adjustment of the position of the laser 100 on the mounting plate 400, ensuring precise coaxial docking between the laser output end and the beam input end 210 of the optical path sealing transmission component 200. The contact surfaces of the connecting plate 101, the mounting plate 400, and the laser 100 are all covered with silicone heat insulation pads with a thickness of 0.5mm, which can prevent the working heat of the laser 100 from being conducted to the mounting plate 400, thus avoiding affecting the working accuracy of other components.

[0028] Specifically, the synchronous drive structure includes a process database module, a motion control module, and a parameter linkage module. The process database module is bidirectionally connected to the motion control module and the parameter linkage module, and is used to pre-store and retrieve motion control parameters and laser output parameters corresponding to different processing scenarios according to processing requirements. The motion control module is electrically connected to the galvanometer module 310 and the Z-axis dynamic focusing module 320, respectively, and is used to synchronously output drive signals to control the planar deflection of the X-axis galvanometer 311 and the Y-axis galvanometer 312 and the Z-axis reciprocating motion of the reciprocating drive component 322 in the Z-axis dynamic focusing module 320, thereby realizing the synchronous adjustment of the laser beam planar deflection and the focal axis position. The parameter linkage module is electrically connected to the laser 100 and the motion control module, respectively. The system can receive motion state parameters such as laser beam deflection speed and focus adjustment speed from the motion control module in real time, and adaptively adjust the power, frequency and duty cycle of the laser 100 according to these parameters. This enables real-time linkage between the output parameters of the laser 100 and the motion state of the laser beam plane deflection and focus axial position adjustment. At the same time, the process database module, motion control module and parameter linkage module of this synchronous drive structure are also electrically connected to the main controller in the control system based on PC and FPGA architecture, receiving command signals from the main controller and feeding back working status signals. The motion control module is also electrically connected to the temperature sensor at the detection end of the cooling circulation module 330, receiving temperature detection signals and realizing temperature control drive of the cooling circulation module 330.

[0029] The synchronous drive structure is an integrated hardware and software structure. Its hardware carrier is a dedicated control circuit board made of FR-4 fiberglass board with an immersion gold finish to improve its oxidation resistance and conductivity. The process database module is stored in an industrial-grade solid-state drive with a storage capacity of ≥128G, which can pre-store thousands of process parameters for different materials and processing scenarios. It supports one-click retrieval, addition, and modification of parameters. The motion control module uses a DSP digital signal processor as the core computing unit with a computing speed of up to 1.2GHz, which can realize synchronous calculation and real-time control of multi-axis motion. The parameter linkage module has a built-in adaptive control algorithm, which can adjust the output parameters of the laser 100 within 0.01s according to the changes in motion state parameters. The control circuit board of the synchronous drive structure is also equipped with multiple wiring terminals and communication interfaces, which are electrically connected to each component. All interfaces are equipped with reverse connection protection and overcurrent protection circuits to improve the safety of the equipment.

[0030] The optical path sealed transmission assembly 200 includes a beam input end 210, a beam angle adapter 220, a reflective optical path protective sleeve 230, a beam secondary angle adapter 240, a beam expander bushing 250, and a beam angle reflection adjustment mechanism 260; the beam input end 210 and the beam angle adapter 220 cooperate to realize the access of the laser beam and the initial adjustment of the optical path direction.

[0031] The output side of the beam input end 210 is connected to the beam angle adapter 220. The reflective end of the beam angle adapter 220 is fitted with a reflective optical path protective sleeve 230. The end of the reflective optical path protective sleeve 230 is connected to the beam secondary angle adapter 240. The output end of the beam secondary angle adapter 240 is sequentially provided with a beam expanding bushing 250 and a beam angle reflection adjustment mechanism 260.

[0032] Furthermore, the light inlet of the beam input end 210 is fitted with a high-transparency quartz glass lens, and a removable dustproof protective cover is provided on the outside of the lens. The beam angle adapter 220 and the beam secondary angle adapter 240 are both made of aviation aluminum and are equipped with a high-reflectivity silver film reflector. The mirror perpendicularity adjustment accuracy of the reflector is ±0.01°. The reflective light path protective sleeve 230 is a rigid polytetrafluoroethylene corrugated tube structure, which has flexibility and sealing properties, and can effectively prevent dust and moisture from entering the light path. The beam expander bushing 250 is equipped with a coaxial beam expander lens group, and the beam expansion factor can be adjusted in the range of 1-3 times. The beam angle reflection adjustment mechanism 260 is equipped with a fine adjustment knob. The rotation adjustment accuracy of the knob is 0.02° / division, which can realize the precise calibration of the light path output direction and ensure that the laser beam is accurately injected into the beam input port 340.

[0033] The optical 3D galvanometer scanning system 300 includes a galvanometer module 310, a Z-axis dynamic focusing module 320, and a cooling circulation module 330. The optical 3D galvanometer scanning system 300 achieves precise three-dimensional scanning of the laser beam and real-time focus adjustment through the collaboration of the galvanometer module 310 and the Z-axis dynamic focusing module 320. The cooling circulation module 330 ensures stable operation of the system by controlling the temperature and heat dissipation.

[0034] The galvanometer module 310 is connected to the Z-axis dynamic focusing module 320. The heat dissipation end of the cooling circulation module 330 is in contact with the galvanometer module 310 and the Z-axis dynamic focusing module 320 respectively. The synchronous drive structure is electrically connected to the galvanometer module 310, the Z-axis dynamic focusing module 320 and the laser 100 respectively.

[0035] The cooling circulation module 330 is a temperature-controlled cooling structure. Its detection end is equipped with a temperature sensor, which is electrically connected to the synchronous drive structure. It is used to detect the working temperature of the galvanometer module 310 and the Z-axis dynamic focusing module 320 in real time and realize temperature control management.

[0036] Specifically, the cooling circulation module 330 is a water-cooled circulation structure, including a micro circulating water pump, a heat dissipation coil, a liquid storage tank, and a temperature sensor. The heat dissipation coil is made of copper tubing and is attached in a serpentine shape to the heat-generating parts of the galvanometer module 310 and the Z-axis dynamic focusing module 320. The copper tubing is coated with thermal grease on the contact surface with the components, with a thermal conductivity ≥5.0W / (m・K). The cooling medium added to the liquid storage tank is a mixture of industrial deionized water and ethylene glycol in a mixing ratio of 3:1, which can operate stably in the range of -20℃ to 80℃. The temperature sensor is a PT100 platinum resistance temperature sensor with a temperature detection accuracy of ±0.1℃. The housing of the cooling circulation module 330 is made of ABS engineering plastic, which is waterproof and insulating. It has a liquid level observation window and a temperature control adjustment button on the side for convenient real-time monitoring and adjustment by the operator.

[0037] The galvanometer module 310 includes an X-axis galvanometer 311 and a Y-axis galvanometer 312. The X-axis galvanometer 311 and the Y-axis galvanometer 312 are configured together, and their deflection ends are both facing the light-incident side of the Z-axis dynamic focusing module 320. The synchronous drive structure is electrically connected to the X-axis galvanometer 311 and the Y-axis galvanometer 312 to control the deflection trajectory of the laser beam in the XY plane.

[0038] Specifically, both the X-axis galvanometer 311 and the Y-axis galvanometer 312 are electromagnetic galvanometer structures, arranged orthogonally together, and each is equipped with a miniature electromagnetic drive component and an angle detection unit. The miniature electromagnetic drive component of the X-axis galvanometer 311 is used to drive its reflector to perform high-precision angle deflection around the X-axis, and the miniature electromagnetic drive component of the Y-axis galvanometer 312 is used to drive its reflector to perform high-precision angle deflection around the Y-axis. Together, they enable arbitrary angle deflection and trajectory adjustment of the laser beam in the X and Y planes. The angle detection unit is electrically connected to the motion control module of the synchronous drive structure, which can collect the deflection angle data of the mirror in real time and feed it back to the motion control module. The motion control module adjusts the drive signal in real time according to the preset trajectory to achieve closed-loop precise control of the laser beam deflection angle. Furthermore, the deflection response speed of the X-axis galvanometer 311 and the Y-axis galvanometer 312 is compatible with the beam scanning speed of the optical 3D galvanometer scanning system 300, meeting the real-time deflection requirements during high-speed scanning processing.

[0039] Among them, the reflectors of X-axis galvanometer 311 and Y-axis galvanometer 312 are both made of silicon-based gold-plated lenses with a laser reflectivity of ≥98.5%. The stator of the micro electromagnetic drive component is made of permalloy and the rotor is a rare-earth permanent magnet structure, which has the characteristics of fast response speed and high deflection accuracy. The angle detection unit is a high-precision photoelectric encoder with an angle detection accuracy of up to 0.001°. The outer shell of galvanometer module 310 is made of aluminum alloy and filled with sound-absorbing and heat-insulating cotton to reduce the noise and heat conduction of the drive component.

[0040] The Z-axis dynamic focusing module 320 includes a Z-axis dynamic focusing mirror 321 and a reciprocating drive 322. The mounting end of the Z-axis dynamic focusing mirror 321 is connected to the output end of the reciprocating drive 322. The driving direction of the reciprocating drive 322 is the Z-axis direction. A synchronous drive structure is electrically connected to the reciprocating drive 322 and is used to control the Z-axis dynamic focusing mirror 321 to reciprocate along the Z-axis to adjust the laser focus position.

[0041] A beam hood 350 is mounted on the bottom of the galvanometer module 310, and the beam working range of the beam hood 350 is 360°. 360mm, with a beam working height of 400mm, capable of achieving 350mm in the XYZ region. A single machining process of 350mm±30mm.

[0042] Among them, the beam cover 350 is made of high-transparency acrylic material in one piece. Its inner wall is covered with black light-absorbing cotton to prevent laser reflection, and the outer side is equipped with a detachable transparent protective cover. The bottom edge of the beam cover 350 has an air blowing port, which can be connected to high-pressure inert gas to blow away the dust and slag generated during the cutting process, so as to avoid affecting the cutting accuracy and lens life.

[0043] Specifically, the reciprocating drive component 322 is a linear reciprocating drive structure, such as an electric telescopic rod, a pneumatic cylinder, or a hydraulic cylinder. Its power output end is fixedly connected to the mounting end of the Z-axis dynamic focusing mirror 321, and the driving direction is set along the Z-axis direction of laser propagation. The reciprocating drive component 322 has a built-in high-precision displacement detection unit and a servo control unit. The displacement detection unit is used to collect the axial displacement data of the Z-axis dynamic focusing mirror 321 in real time and feed it back to the motion control module of the synchronous drive structure. The servo control unit is electrically connected to the motion control module, receives the drive commands output by the motion control module, and precisely controls the extension stroke, movement speed, and start and stop positions of the drive end, so as to realize the high-precision and high-response reciprocating motion of the Z-axis dynamic focusing mirror 321 in the Z-axis direction, thereby adjusting the axial position of the laser focus in the Z-axis in real time. Moreover, the movement stroke of the reciprocating drive component 322 is adapted to the beam working height of the optical 3D galvanometer scanning system 300, which can meet the requirements of 350mm in the XYZ region. The laser focus adjustment requirement for one-time processing of 350mm±30mm is synchronously driven by the motion control module along with the X-axis galvanometer 311 and Y-axis galvanometer 312, ensuring that the laser focus accurately follows the preset trajectory in three-dimensional space and avoiding inconsistent cutting depth caused by focus drift.

[0044] Among them, the Z-axis dynamic focusing lens 321 uses an achromatic optical glass lens with an anti-reflection coating on the lens surface, and the laser transmittance is ≥99%. The lens mounting base is made of brass, which has good thermal conductivity and can quickly conduct the heat generated by the lens during operation to the cooling circulation module 330. The housing of the reciprocating drive component 322 is made of aluminum alloy, and its telescopic drive rod is made of stainless steel with hard chrome plating on the surface, which is wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant. The high-precision displacement detection unit is a grating ruler displacement sensor with a displacement detection accuracy of up to 0.005mm. The servo control unit has a built-in PID adjustment algorithm, which can realize precise closed-loop control of the drive rod movement. The connection between the reciprocating drive component 322 and the Z-axis dynamic focusing lens 321 is equipped with an elastic buffer pad, which can reduce the impact during the drive process and protect the focusing lens.

[0045] As a further optimization of this solution, the laser cutting equipment based on the 3D dynamic focusing galvanometer also includes a control system based on PC and FPGA architecture. The control system includes a main controller and a galvanometer control card. The galvanometer control card communicates with the main controller via an EtherCAT bus. The main controller is electrically connected to the synchronous drive structure and the laser 100.

[0046] The signal output terminal of the main controller is connected to the signal input terminal of the FPGA. The pulse signal output terminal of the FPGA is connected to the motor driver of the galvanometer module 310 and the Z-axis dynamic focusing module 320, which is used to output precise step or pulse signals to control the movement trajectory of the laser spot.

[0047] Specifically, the main controller of the control system adopts an industrial-grade embedded motherboard, equipped with a Linux operating system, which features strong anti-interference capabilities and stable operation. The galvanometer control card is a dedicated high-speed motion control card with a data transmission rate of up to 1Gbps and an EtherCAT bus communication cycle of ≤1ms, ensuring high-speed and accurate transmission of control commands. The FPGA is a field-programmable gate array using the XC7K325T chip, which can realize high-speed generation and real-time processing of pulse signals, with an output frequency of up to 1MHz. The control system is also equipped with a touch-screen operation display, which communicates bidirectionally with the main controller, enabling visualized setting of processing parameters, real-time monitoring of the processing process, and fault alarm prompts. The outer shell of the control system is made of cold-rolled steel plate with electrostatic powder coating treatment, and is equipped with a cooling fan and dust filter to ensure long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0048] Specifically, the working principle of this laser cutting equipment based on a 3D dynamic focusing galvanometer is as follows: First, the laser 100, the optical path sealing transmission assembly 200, and the optical 3D galvanometer scanning system 300 are fixedly assembled with the mounting plate 400 and the connecting plate 101. The CO2 laser 100 emits a laser beam, which is then input through the beam input end 210 of the optical path sealing transmission assembly 200. The beam is first redirected by the beam angle adapter 220, then protected by the reflective optical path protective sleeve 230, and then the beam is adjusted a second time by the beam secondary angle adapter 240. After beam expansion by the beam expander bushing 250 and precise calibration by the beam angle reflection adjustment mechanism 260, the beam enters the optical 3D galvanometer scanning system 300 through the beam input port 340. After the laser beam enters, the process database module of the synchronous drive structure retrieves the corresponding motion control and laser output parameters according to the processing requirements. The motion control module synchronously outputs drive signals, driving the orthogonally arranged X-axis laser beams in the galvanometer module 310. The X-axis galvanometer 311 and Y-axis galvanometer 312 drive the mirror bodies to perform high-precision angle deflections around the X and Y axes respectively through their miniature electromagnetic drive components. The angle detection unit collects the deflection angle in real time and feeds it back to the motion control module to form a closed-loop control, realizing precise trajectory scanning of the laser beam in the XY plane. On the other hand, it drives the reciprocating drive 322 in the Z-axis dynamic focusing module 320 to perform high-precision linear reciprocating motion along the Z-axis, driving the Z-axis dynamic focusing mirror 321 to adjust the axial position of the laser focus in real time. The displacement detection unit built into the reciprocating drive 322 collects displacement data in real time and feeds it back, ensuring that the focus accurately follows the three-dimensional trajectory within the XYZ region. During the entire operation, the cooling circulation module 330 detects the operating temperature of the galvanometer module 310 and the Z-axis dynamic focusing module 320 in real time through the temperature sensor and transmits the signal to the motion control module of the synchronous drive structure. The motion control module realizes temperature control drive and dissipates the working heat in time. The laser beam finally passes through the beam cover 350 at 360 degrees. Processing is completed within a 360mm beam working range. Through the coordinated operation of its various structures, the entire equipment achieves high-precision and high-stability laser cutting of three-dimensional curved workpieces.

[0049] It should be noted that the specific models and specifications of the electrical components involved in this solution need to be selected and determined based on the actual specifications of the device. The specific selection and calculation methods adopt existing technologies in this field, so they will not be elaborated in detail here.

[0050] The power supply and operating principles of the electrical components involved in this solution are clear to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0051] The above are merely embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0052] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A laser cutting device based on a 3D dynamic focusing galvanometer, characterized in that, The system includes a laser (100), an optical path sealed transmission assembly (200), and an optical 3D galvanometer scanning system (300). The laser output end of the laser (100) is connected to the input end of the optical path sealed transmission assembly (200), and the output end of the optical path sealed transmission assembly (200) is connected to the beam input port (340) of the optical 3D galvanometer scanning system (300). The optical 3D galvanometer scanning system (300) is equipped with a "synchronous drive structure" for synchronously controlling the planar deflection of the laser beam and the axial position adjustment of the focal point, and making the output parameters of the laser (100) linked with the motion state of the planar deflection and axial position adjustment in real time.

2. The laser cutting equipment based on a 3D dynamic focusing galvanometer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser (100) is a CO2 laser with a wavelength of 10600nm and a power of 450W.

3. The laser cutting equipment based on a 3D dynamic focusing galvanometer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The optical path sealed transmission assembly (200) includes a beam input end (210) and a beam angle adapter (220). The beam input end (210) and the beam angle adapter (220) work together to realize the access of the laser beam and the initial adjustment of the optical path direction.

4. A laser cutting device based on a 3D dynamic focusing galvanometer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The output side of the beam input end (210) is connected to the beam angle adapter (220). The reflective end of the beam angle adapter (220) is fitted with a reflective optical path protective sleeve (230), and the end of the reflective optical path protective sleeve (230) is connected to a secondary beam angle adapter (240).

5. A laser cutting device based on a 3D dynamic focusing galvanometer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The output end of the beam secondary angle adapter (240) is provided with a beam expanding bushing (250) and a beam angle reflection adjustment mechanism (260) in sequence.

6. A laser cutting device based on a 3D dynamic focusing galvanometer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The optical 3D galvanometer scanning system (300) includes a galvanometer module (310), a Z-axis dynamic focusing module (320), and a cooling circulation module (330). The optical 3D galvanometer scanning system (300) achieves precise three-dimensional scanning of the laser beam and real-time focus adjustment through the collaboration of the galvanometer module (310) and the Z-axis dynamic focusing module (320).

7. A laser cutting device based on a 3D dynamic focusing galvanometer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The galvanometer module (310) is connected to the Z-axis dynamic focusing module (320), and the heat dissipation end of the cooling circulation module (330) is respectively attached to the galvanometer module (310) and the Z-axis dynamic focusing module (320).

8. A laser cutting device based on a 3D dynamic focusing galvanometer according to claim 7, characterized in that, The galvanometer module (310) includes an X-axis galvanometer (311) and a Y-axis galvanometer (312). The X-axis galvanometer (311) and the Y-axis galvanometer (312) are configured together, and their deflection ends are both directed toward the incident light side of the Z-axis dynamic focusing module (320).

9. A laser cutting device based on a 3D dynamic focusing galvanometer according to claim 8, characterized in that, The Z-axis dynamic focusing module (320) includes a Z-axis dynamic focusing lens (321) and a reciprocating drive (322). The mounting end of the Z-axis dynamic focusing lens (321) is connected to the output end of the reciprocating drive (322), and the driving direction of the reciprocating drive (322) is the Z-axis direction.

10. A laser cutting device based on a 3D dynamic focusing galvanometer according to claim 8, characterized in that, A beam hood (350) is mounted on the bottom of the galvanometer module (310), and the beam working range of the beam hood (350) is 360°. 360mm, beam working height is 400mm.

Images