Metal material tensile mechanical testing device

Abstract

The invention provides a metal material tensile mechanical testing device, and belongs to the technical field of mechanical testing. The problems that an existing clamping structure is complex, and the sample clamping process is tedious in operation are solved. According to the metal material tensile mechanical testing device, tensile testing assemblies slidably arranged on guide columns are arranged above and below a workbench, a rectangular groove is formed in the front side wall of the middle of the workbench in the width direction of the workbench, and scales are arranged on the portion, located on one side of the rectangular groove, of the upper surface of the workbench in the length direction of the rectangular groove; a front pressing block and a rear stopping block which can slide front and back are arranged in the rectangular groove, and the front pressing block can move out of the rectangular groove from a front end opening of the rectangular groove. The stretching test assembly comprises a stretching body, a containing groove is formed in the middle of the end, facing the workbench, of the stretching body, and clamping limiting blocks capable of sliding in the left-right direction are arranged at the end and located on the left side and the right side of the containing groove. The structure solves the problems that the clamping structure in the device is complex and the sample clamping process is tedious to operate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mechanical testing technology, specifically a tensile mechanical testing device for metallic materials. Background Technology

[0002] Metals and their alloys have excellent processing and mechanical properties and have always been used as high-quality structural materials. Before being used, structural materials generally need to undergo mechanical property testing, and tensile testing is a commonly used method for testing the mechanical properties of metallic materials.

[0003] Currently, the China Patent Network discloses a device for testing the mechanical properties of micro tensile specimens of metallic materials [Authorization Announcement No.: CN108426769B]. After the outer modules of the first and second carbon steel clamps are clamped, the crossbeam of the testing machine moves downward, and the upper and lower modules move towards each other. The distance between them is determined by the scale of the outer module. According to the specimen length, the sliding plate is moved to a suitable position by sliding the slider in the T-slot. The fixing bolt is then tightened. According to the specimen thickness, the limiting screw is rotated to drive the limiting baffle to a suitable position and fix it. At this time, the distance is determined by the limiting scale to the position of the limiting baffle. The micro tensile specimen is placed from the other side into the inner module of the carbide clamp, ensuring that it is close to the limiting baffle. Then, the lifting handle is lifted, and the support column is rotated to drive the crossbeam above the micro specimen. The handle is released, and the lifting rod, under the action of the compression spring, drives the pressure block to press on the micro tensile specimen. After the specimen is clamped, the positioning baffle is rotated by the baffle knob to prevent it from contacting the other module.

[0004] The aforementioned mechanical property testing device has the following drawbacks: In order to ensure that the test of the sample has good accuracy, the sample needs to be clamped in the center. However, when the aforementioned mechanical testing device clamps the sample in the center, it is necessary to use multiple limit rulers to align the sample in a coordinated manner. The entire clamping operation is cumbersome and the clamping structure is relatively complex, which is not conducive to the rapid centering of the sample. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in existing technologies by proposing a tensile mechanics testing device for metallic materials. The technical problem to be solved by this invention is how to resolve the issues of complex clamping structures and cumbersome sample clamping processes in the device.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A tensile mechanics testing device for metallic materials includes a worktable and a guide column arranged vertically and passing through the worktable. Tensile testing components are slidably mounted on the guide column above and below the worktable. The worktable has a rectangular groove along its width on the front sidewall of its middle section. A scale is provided on the upper surface of the worktable along the length of the rectangular groove on one side. A front pressure block and a rear stop block, capable of sliding back and forth, are disposed within the rectangular groove. The front pressure block can be moved out of the rectangular groove from its front end. The tensile testing component includes a tensile body. A receiving groove is provided in the middle of the end of the tensile body facing the worktable, and clamping and limiting blocks, capable of sliding in the left and right directions, are provided on the left and right sides of this receiving groove.

[0008] Working principle: Before clamping, measure the thickness of the sample. Remove the front pressure block from the rectangular groove and move the rear stop forward so that the distance between the front end face of the rear stop and the center line of the worktable is half the sample thickness. The distance between the front end face of the rear stop and the center line of the worktable can be adjusted by referring to the scale on the upper surface of the worktable. Align the middle of the sample with the front port of the rectangular groove, and then move the sample horizontally into the rectangular groove so that the rear side wall of the sample is in contact with the rear stop. Next, place the front pressure block from the front port of the rectangular groove into the rectangular groove, so that the front pressure block presses firmly against the front side wall of the sample. The front clamping block and rear stop block clamp and position the sample, with the upper part of the sample above the worktable and the lower part below it. Next, the tensile testing assembly located below the worktable slides upwards, positioning the lower part of the sample within the receiving groove of the tensile body. Then, the two clamping and limiting blocks slide relative to each other, clamping the lower part of the sample. Similarly, the tensile testing assembly located above the worktable slides downwards, positioning the upper part of the sample within the receiving groove of the tensile body. Then, the two clamping and limiting blocks slide relative to each other, clamping the upper part of the sample. At this point, the sample is positioned front-to-back, left-to-right, and up-down. This structure accurately plans the center position of the sample on the worktable simply by adjusting the position of the rear stop block within the rectangular groove. A single scale line on the worktable allows for rapid adjustment of the rear stop block's position, enabling quick centering and clamping of the sample without the need for fine-tuning in various directions, significantly improving the convenience of sample centering and clamping.

[0009] In the aforementioned tensile mechanical testing device for metallic materials, the scale has a starting end and an ending end. The starting end corresponds to the midpoint of the rectangular groove length, and the ending end is near the rear end of the rectangular groove. With this structure, the thickness of the sample is measured before clamping, and then the backstop is moved forward until the distance between the front end of the backstop and the starting end is half the sample thickness. The scale position in this structure makes it very convenient to adjust the distance between the front end of the backstop and the starting end, facilitating rapid adjustment of the backstop and improving workpiece clamping efficiency.

[0010] In the aforementioned tensile mechanical testing device for metallic materials, the rear sidewall of the worktable has a threaded hole communicating with a rectangular groove. A drive rod is threaded into the threaded hole, the front end of which extends into the rectangular groove and is fixedly connected to a rear stop block. The rear end of the drive rod has a handle. With this structure, the handle drives the drive rod to rotate, thereby causing the rear stop block to move forward and backward within the rectangular groove, facilitating the adjustment of the rear stop block's position within the groove.

[0011] In the aforementioned tensile mechanical testing device for metallic materials, the rear sidewall of the worktable has through holes with connecting rectangular slots on both the left and right sides of the drive rod. A guide rod is slidably disposed within each through hole. The front end of the guide rod is fixedly connected to the rear stop block, and the rear end of the guide rod has an annular flange. A spring is sleeved on the guide rod, with one end abutting against the rear sidewall of the worktable and the other end abutting against the flange. This structure ensures that when the drive rod is rotated, causing the rear stop block to slide forward, the spring is compressed, providing resistance to the rotation of the drive rod and preventing it from rotating too quickly. This facilitates precise adjustment and ensures the translational accuracy of the rear stop block.

[0012] In the aforementioned tensile mechanical testing device for metallic materials, the device further includes a cylinder. The piston rod of the cylinder is fixedly connected to a front pressure block. When the piston rod of the cylinder is retracted to its limit position, the front pressure block is located outside the rectangular groove, and the distance between the rear end face of the front pressure block and the front side wall of the worktable is 10-20 cm. With this structure, when the piston rod of the cylinder is retracted to its limit position, the front pressure block is located outside the rectangular groove, and the distance between the rear end face of the front pressure block and the front side wall of the worktable is 10-20 cm. At this time, the distance between the front side wall of the worktable and the front pressure block is sufficiently large, facilitating the translation of the middle part of the sample from the front end of the rectangular groove into the rectangular groove.

[0013] In the aforementioned tensile mechanical testing device for metallic materials, guide rods are fixed to the left and right sides of the front sidewall of the worktable located in the rectangular groove, and the left and right sides of the front pressure block are slidably mounted on the corresponding guide rods. Through this structural arrangement, the guide rods guide and limit the forward and backward movement of the front pressure block, ensuring that the front stop block located outside the rectangular groove can accurately move into the rectangular groove.

[0014] In the aforementioned tensile mechanical testing device for metallic materials, each of the left and right side walls of the tensile body has a support, and a second cylinder is fixed on the support. The piston rod of the second cylinder is fixedly connected to a corresponding clamping and limiting block. Through this structure, two clamping and limiting blocks located on the same tensile body are driven by their respective second cylinders, ensuring the clamping force of the two clamping and limiting blocks on the sample.

[0015] In the aforementioned tensile testing device for metallic materials, the clamping and limiting block has a limiting portion at one end facing the receiving groove. This limiting portion has a limiting surface that can abut against the workpiece, and this limiting surface is arc-shaped. Generally, there is an arc-shaped transition surface between the middle and upper / lower parts of the sample. This arc-shaped limiting surface can abut against the arc-shaped transition surface, improving the clamping effect on the sample.

[0016] In the aforementioned tensile mechanical testing device for metallic materials, there are four guide columns arranged in a rectangular pattern around a rectangular groove. The front and rear sidewalls of the tensile body each have two sets of sliding portions, each set of sliding portions slidably mounted on a corresponding guide column. This structural design ensures stable and smooth sliding of the tensile body on the guide columns.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the tensile mechanics testing device for metallic materials of the present invention has the following advantages: This structure can accurately plan the center position of the sample on the worktable by simply adjusting the position of the back stop in the rectangular groove. The position adjustment of the back stop can be realized by using a scale line on the worktable, so as to realize the rapid centering and clamping of the sample. There is no need to make fine adjustments in various directions, which significantly improves the convenience of centering and clamping the sample. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is the front view of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is the second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is one of the partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a partial top view of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is the second partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the sample of the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram, 1. Workbench; 2. Guide column; 3. Tensile testing assembly; 30. Tensile body; 31. Clamping limit block; 310. Limiting part; 311. Limiting surface; 32. Support; 33. Cylinder II; 34. Sliding part; 4. Rectangular groove; 40. Front port; 5. Scale; 50. Starting end; 51. Ending end; 6. Front pressure block; 7. Rear stop block; 8. Receiving groove; 9. Drive rod; 90. Handle; 10. Guide rod I; 11. Spring; 12. Cylinder I; 13. Guide rod II. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0027] like Figures 1-6 As shown, this tensile mechanical testing device for metallic materials includes a worktable 1 and guide columns 2 arranged vertically and passing through the worktable 1. Tensile testing components 3 are slidably arranged on the guide columns 2 above and below the worktable 1. Specifically, there are four guide columns 2, which surround the rectangular groove 4 and are arranged in a rectangular shape. The front and rear side walls of the tensile body 30 each have two sets of sliding parts 34, and each set of sliding parts 34 is slidably arranged on the corresponding guide column 2. A rectangular groove 4 is formed on the front side wall of the middle part of the workbench 1 along its width direction. A scale 5 is formed on one side of the rectangular groove 4 along the length direction of the rectangular groove 4 on the upper surface of the workbench 1. A front pressure block 6 and a rear stop block 7 that can slide back and forth are provided in the rectangular groove 4. The front pressure block 6 can be moved out of the rectangular groove 4 from the front port 40 of the rectangular groove 4. The tensile test assembly 3 includes a tensile body 30. A receiving groove 8 is formed in the middle of the end of the tensile body 30 facing the workbench 1. A clamping limit block 31 that can slide in the left and right direction is provided on the left and right sides of the receiving groove 8 at this end. Specifically, a support 32 is provided on the left and right side walls of the tensile body 30. A cylinder 33 is fixed on the support 32. The piston rod of the cylinder 33 is fixedly connected to the corresponding clamping limit block 31.

[0028] Working principle: Before clamping, measure the thickness of the sample. Remove the front pressure block 6 from the rectangular groove 4 and move the rear stop block 7 forward so that the distance between the front end face of the rear stop block 7 and the center line of the worktable 1 is half the thickness of the sample. The distance between the front end face of the rear stop block 7 and the center line of the worktable 1 can be adjusted by referring to the scale 5 on the upper surface of the worktable 1. Align the middle of the sample with the front port 40 of the rectangular groove 4, and then move the sample horizontally into the rectangular groove 4 so that the rear side wall of the sample is in contact with the rear stop block 7. Next, place the front pressure block 6 from the front port 40 of the rectangular groove 4 into the rectangular groove 4, so that the front pressure block 6 presses firmly against the front side of the sample. On the wall, the front pressure block 6 and the rear stop block 7 clamp and position the sample, with the upper part of the sample above the worktable 1 and the lower part below it. Next, the tensile testing assembly 3, located below the worktable 1, slides upwards, so that the lower part of the sample is within the receiving groove 8 of the tensile body 30. Then, the two clamping and limiting blocks 31 slide relative to each other to clamp the lower part of the sample. Similarly, the tensile testing assembly 3, located above the worktable 1, slides downwards, so that the upper part of the sample is within the receiving groove 8 of the tensile body 30. Then, the two clamping and limiting blocks 31 slide relative to each other to clamp the upper part of the sample. At this point, the sample is positioned front-to-back, left-to-right, and up-down. This structure achieves rapid centering and clamping of the sample using only one scale line on the worktable 1, significantly improving the convenience of sample centering and clamping.

[0029] In this embodiment, the tensile body 30 located above the worktable 1 is connected to the tensile testing machine, and the tensile body 30 located below the worktable 1 is connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder. That is, the hydraulic cylinder drives the tensile body 30 located below the worktable 1 to move vertically, and the tensile testing machine drives the tensile body 30 located above the worktable 1 to move vertically. After clamping, the tensile testing machine drives the tensile body 30 to move slightly upward, so that the two clamping limit blocks 31 pull the upper part of the sample upward, and the hydraulic cylinder drives the tensile body 30 to move slightly downward, so that the two clamping limit blocks 31 pull the lower part of the sample upward, that is, the entire sample is in a pre-stretched state. Then, the front pressure block 6 is moved forward and the rear stop block 7 is moved backward. Neither the front pressure block 6 nor the rear stop block 7 is in contact with the sample, thereby avoiding the impact of the clamping of the sample by the front pressure block 6 and the rear stop block 7 on the accuracy of the tensile results during the next stretching process, so as to improve the test accuracy.

[0030] In addition, the tensile body 30 located above the workbench 1 can be connected to the tensile testing machine, and the tensile body 30 located below the workbench 1 can also be connected to the tensile testing machine, so that the sample can be subjected to tensile testing.

[0031] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, scale 5 has a starting end 50 and a ending end 51. The starting end 50 corresponds to the midpoint of the length of the rectangular groove 4, and the ending end 51 is close to the rear end of the rectangular groove 4. Before clamping the sample, the thickness of the sample must be measured. Since the starting end 50 of scale 5 corresponds to the midpoint of the length of the rectangular groove 4, during the adjustment of the position of the back stop 7, the edge of the upper edge of the front side wall of the back stop 7 is aligned with the scale 5 next to it. When the scale value aligned with the edge of the upper edge of the front side wall of the back stop 7 is half the thickness of the sample, it indicates that the back stop 7 is adjusted in place, which significantly improves the position adjustment speed of the back stop 7 and makes the position adjustment very accurate.

[0032] When the sample is further clamped, the clamping limiting block 31 has a limiting part 310 at the end facing the receiving groove 8. The limiting part 310 has a limiting surface 311 that can abut against the sample, and the limiting surface 311 is arc-shaped. The shape of the sample is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the rectangular part in the middle of the sample is located in the rectangular groove. There is an arc transition surface between the upper end of the rectangular part and the upper part of the sample, and there is also an arc transition surface between the lower end of the rectangular part and the lower part of the sample. Therefore, the arc-shaped limiting surface 311 in this structure just abuts against the arc transition surface during the clamping process of the sample, ensuring the stable clamping of the sample.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, the rear side wall of the worktable 1 has a threaded hole that connects to the rectangular groove 4. A drive rod 9 is threaded into the threaded hole. The front end of the drive rod 9 extends into the rectangular groove 4 and is fixedly connected to the rear stop 7. The rear end of the drive rod 9 has a handle 90. The rear side wall of the worktable 1 has through holes that connect to the rectangular groove 4 on both the left and right sides of the drive rod 9. A guide rod 10 is slidably installed in the through hole. The front end of the guide rod 10 is fixedly connected to the rear stop 7. The rear end of the guide rod 10 has an annular flange. A spring 11 is sleeved on the guide rod 10. One end of the spring 11 abuts against the rear side wall of the worktable 1, and the other end abuts against the flange.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, guide rods 13 are fixed to the left and right sides of the front wall of the worktable 1, located in the rectangular groove 4. The left and right sides of the front pressure block 6 are slidably mounted on the corresponding guide rods 13. This mechanical testing device also includes a cylinder 12, whose piston rod is fixedly connected to the front pressure block 6. When the piston rod of the cylinder 12 is retracted to its limit position, the front pressure block 6 is located outside the rectangular groove 4, and the distance between the rear end face of the front pressure block 6 and the front wall of the worktable 1 is 10-20 cm.

[0035] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A tensile mechanical testing device for metallic materials, comprising a worktable (1) and a guide column (2) arranged vertically and passing through the worktable (1), wherein tensile testing components (3) are slidably disposed on the guide column (2) above and below the worktable (1), characterized in that, The front sidewall of the middle part of the workbench (1) is provided with a rectangular groove (4) along its width direction. The upper surface of the workbench (1) is provided with a scale (5) along the length direction of the rectangular groove (4) on one side. A front pressure block (6) and a rear stop block (7) that can slide back and forth are provided in the rectangular groove (4). The front pressure block (6) can be moved out of the rectangular groove (4) from the front port (40) of the rectangular groove (4). The tensile test assembly (3) includes a tensile body (30). A receiving groove (8) is provided in the middle of the end of the tensile body (30) facing the workbench (1). A clamping limit block (31) that can slide in the left and right direction is provided on the left and right sides of the receiving groove (8).

2. The tensile mechanical testing device for metallic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scale (5) has a starting end (50) and an ending end (51). The starting end (50) corresponds to the midpoint of the length of the rectangular groove (4), and the ending end (51) is close to the rear end of the rectangular groove (4).

3. The tensile mechanics testing device for metallic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear side wall of the workbench (1) is provided with a threaded hole that connects to a rectangular groove (4). A drive rod (9) is threadedly connected inside the threaded hole. The front end of the drive rod (9) extends into the rectangular groove (4) and is fixedly connected to the rear stop block (7). The rear end of the drive rod (9) has a handle (90).

4. The tensile mechanical testing device for metallic materials according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rear sidewall of the worktable (1) is provided with through holes for connecting rectangular slots (4) on both the left and right sides of the drive rod (9). A guide rod (10) is slidably disposed in the through hole. The front end of the guide rod (10) is fixedly connected to the rear stop block (7). The rear end of the guide rod (10) has an annular flange. A spring (11) is sleeved on the guide rod (10). One end of the spring (11) abuts against the rear sidewall of the worktable (1) and the other end abuts against the flange.

5. The tensile mechanical testing device for metallic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, This mechanical testing device also includes a cylinder (12), the piston rod of which is fixedly connected to the front pressure block (6). When the piston rod of the cylinder (12) is retracted to the limit position, the front pressure block (6) is located outside the rectangular groove (4), and the distance between the rear end face of the front pressure block (6) and the front side wall of the worktable (1) is 10-20cm.

6. The tensile mechanics testing device for metallic materials according to claim 5, characterized in that, The front sidewall of the workbench (1) is fixed with guide rods 2 (13) on both the left and right sides of the rectangular groove (4), and the left and right sides of the front pressure block (6) are slidably mounted on the corresponding guide rods 2 (13).

7. The tensile mechanical testing device for metallic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tension body (30) has supports (32) on both the left and right side walls. A cylinder (33) is fixed on the support (32). The piston rod of the cylinder (33) is fixedly connected to the corresponding clamping limit block (31).

8. A tensile mechanical testing device for metallic materials according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that, The clamping limiting block (31) has a limiting part (310) at one end facing the receiving groove (8), and the limiting part (310) has a limiting surface (311) that can abut against the workpiece, and the limiting surface (311) is arc-shaped.

9. The tensile mechanical testing device for metallic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide post (2) has four posts, which surround the rectangular groove (4) and are arranged in a rectangular shape. The front and rear side walls of the stretching body (30) each have two sets of sliding parts (34), and each set of sliding parts (34) is slidably arranged on the corresponding guide post (2).

Images