Motor integrated with speed reducer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of speed reduction motors, and discloses a motor integrated with a speed reducer, the motor comprises a motor shell and an end cover installed on the motor shell at an interval, a center shaft extending outwards is arranged in the middle of an inner cavity of the motor shell, a heat dissipation assembly is installed on one side of the end cover, and the heat dissipation assembly sleeves the outer side of the center shaft; an IPM motor is arranged in an inner cavity of the motor shell and arranged on the outer side of the center shaft in a sleeving mode, the heat dissipation assembly is arranged, an end cover is used for driving a rotating disc and a sleeving shaft to do reciprocating motion, a telescopic shaft is driven to control opening and closing of an air inlet groove and an air outlet groove, and automatic circulation heat dissipation of cold air suction and hot air exhaust is achieved; meanwhile, the heat dissipation fins are pushed by the telescopic shaft to make full contact with hot air, and the heat conduction efficiency is improved; according to the active heat dissipation mechanism, the internal temperature of the motor is effectively reduced, the problem of performance reduction or burnout caused by overheating is avoided, and the service life of the motor is remarkably prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geared motor technology, specifically to a motor with an integrated gear reducer. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, hub motors are commonly used in industries such as wheeled robots, electric wheelchairs, and mobility scooters for electric drive, but they have the following problems: 1. If the motor operates for a long time, it may experience performance degradation or burnout due to overheating, which will affect the service life of the motor and pose a significant safety hazard. 2. The lack of a parking brake function results in high motor noise and a poor customer experience in applications such as wheeled robots and electric wheelchairs. 3. The motor has a large diameter and low torque. Most motors use surface-mount magnets, have low power density, and the motor controller is separate and independent. The assembly is large and heavy. 4. Insufficient protection level; water ingress during motor use can easily cause it to burn out. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a motor with an integrated speed reducer to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a motor with an integrated reducer, comprising a motor housing and end covers spaced apart from the motor housing. The end covers are connected to a hub on the side near the motor housing and are driven to rotate by the hub. A central shaft extending outward is provided in the middle of the inner cavity of the motor housing. A heat dissipation component is installed on one side of the end cover and is sleeved on the outside of the central shaft. An IPM motor is provided in the inner cavity of the motor housing and is sleeved on the outside of the central shaft.

[0005] Preferably, the heat dissipation assembly includes a mounting box fixedly installed at one end of the end cover. The mounting box has a pre-set slot in the middle, and the mounting box is sleeved with the central shaft through the slot. The mounting box is made of thermally conductive material. The inner cavity of the mounting box is provided with a rotating disk, and the rotating disk is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the central shaft. The outside of the rotating disk is wavy. The interior of the central shaft has a pre-set air duct. The air duct is U-shaped, and its two ends are respectively located inside the heat dissipation assembly and the motor housing, thereby facilitating air exchange between the heat dissipation assembly and the motor housing, and also preventing leakage.

[0006] Preferably, an inwardly extending limiting groove is provided in the middle of the outer side of the rotating disk, and a sealing ring is fixedly installed on one side of the rotating disk. The inner side of the sealing ring is in sealing contact with the outer side of the central shaft, and the outer side of the sealing ring is in extrusive contact with the inner side of the motor housing. The sealing ring is used to seal the connection between the central shaft and the mounting box.

[0007] Preferably, the heat dissipation assembly further includes an array of mounting arc plates mounted on the outside of the rotating disk. One end of the mounting arc plate is fixedly connected to the inner side of the motor housing. A first spring is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the mounting arc plate, and a sleeve shaft is fixedly mounted on the other end of the first spring. The sleeve shaft is perpendicular to the first spring.

[0008] Preferably, one end of the sleeve shaft is open, a telescopic shaft is sleeved through the inside of the sleeve shaft, a disc is pre-set at one end of the telescopic shaft, and a ring plate is fixedly installed on the outside of the telescopic shaft, with the ring plate located at one end of the opening of the sleeve shaft.

[0009] Preferably, a second spring is pre-installed inside the sleeve shaft. The second spring is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic shaft, and the two ends of the second spring are fixedly connected to the inner side of the ring plate and the inner side of the sleeve shaft, respectively.

[0010] Preferably, a slider is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sleeve shaft, and the slider extends through the limiting groove to the inner side of the rotating disk.

[0011] Preferably, the inner cavity of the mounting box has an array of air inlet slots on the side near the sealing ring. The end of the air inlet slot located inside the mounting box is inclined, and the mounting box is connected to the telescopic shaft through the air inlet slot.

[0012] Preferably, the inner side of the mounting box has an array of spherical grooves, and a connecting rod is spherically fitted into the mounting box through the spherical grooves. A torsion spring is fitted on the top of the connecting rod, and the connecting rod is connected to the inner side of the mounting box through the torsion spring. A heat dissipation fin is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting rod, and the inner side of the heat dissipation fin contacts one end of the telescopic shaft. The heat dissipation fin is inclined, and a sealing plug is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the heat dissipation fin. An air vent is arrayed on the outer side of the mounting box, and the air vent is sealed by the sealing plug.

[0013] Preferably, the central shaft is provided with threaded grooves on the outer side of the mounting box, the end of the central shaft away from the heat dissipation component is provided with a connecting spline, and the other end of the connecting spline is provided with an electromagnetic brake. The inner cavity of the motor housing is provided with a reduction module on the side away from the electromagnetic brake, the inner side of the reduction module meshes with the central shaft, and the reduction module is a helical planetary reduction gear.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Through the set heat dissipation components, the end cover drives the rotating disk and the sleeve shaft to reciprocate, which in turn drives the telescopic shaft to control the opening and closing of the air inlet and outlet slots, realizing automatic circulation heat dissipation by drawing in cold air and expelling hot air. At the same time, the heat dissipation fins are pushed by the telescopic shaft to fully contact the hot air, enhancing the heat conduction efficiency. This active heat dissipation mechanism effectively reduces the internal temperature of the motor, avoids performance degradation or burnout caused by overheating, and significantly extends the service life of the motor.

[0015] 2. The helical gear planetary reduction module is used as the reduction structure, which has a high reduction ratio and significantly improves the output torque to meet the high torque requirements of the hub motor. The planetary gears are made of high-strength plastic material, which effectively reduces the vibration and noise generated by gear meshing while ensuring structural strength, achieving a low noise level during motor operation and improving the user comfort in applications such as wheeled robots and electric wheelchairs.

[0016] 3. The IPM motor, reduction module, electromagnetic brake, and heat dissipation components are highly integrated inside the motor housing. The modular layout optimizes the axial space, reducing the overall size and weight. This not only improves the power density of the motor but also facilitates installation and use in space-constrained environments, solving the problem of large space occupation caused by traditional split designs.

[0017] 4. The connection between the central shaft and the mounting box is sealed by a sealing ring, and the air outlet groove is dynamically sealed by the sealing plug in the heat dissipation component, forming multiple sealing protections. This effectively prevents external pollutants such as moisture and dust from entering the motor, improves the motor's protection level, avoids motor failures caused by environmental factors, and enhances reliability and durability under harsh working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a motor with an integrated speed reducer. Figure 2 for Figure 1 A sectional view; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation component in this invention; Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the connection relationship between the heat dissipation component and the central shaft in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation fins in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the central shaft in this invention; Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the connection relationship between the telescopic shaft and the mounting arc plate in this invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the mounting box in this invention.

[0019] Legend In the diagram: 1. Motor housing; 2. Gear reduction module; 3. Heat dissipation components; 301. Mounting box; 302. Rotating disk; 303. Sealing ring; 304. Limiting groove; 305. Mounting arc plate; 306. First spring; 307. Sleeve shaft; 308. Second spring; 309. Slider; 310. Telescopic shaft; 311. Ring plate; 312. Spherical groove; 313. Air inlet groove; 314. Connecting ball rod; 315. Torsion spring; 316. Heat dissipation fins; 317. Sealing plug; 318. Air outlet groove; 4. Electromagnetic brake; 5. IPM motor; 6. Connecting spline; 7. Central shaft; 8. Threaded groove; 9. End cover. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a motor with an integrated reducer, including a motor housing 1 and an end cover 9 spaced apart from the motor housing. The end cover 9 is connected to a hub on the side near the motor housing 1 and is driven to rotate by the hub. A central shaft 7 extending outward is provided in the middle of the inner cavity of the motor housing 1. A heat dissipation component 3 is installed on one side of the end cover 9 and is sleeved on the outside of the central shaft 7. An IPM motor 5 is provided in the inner cavity of the motor housing 1 and is sleeved on the outside of the central shaft 7.

[0022] The heat dissipation assembly 3, driven by the central shaft 7, drives the rotating disk 302 and the sleeve shaft 307 to reciprocate, which in turn drives the telescopic shaft 310 to control the opening and closing of the air inlet slot 313 and the air outlet slot 318, thus achieving automatic circulation heat dissipation by drawing in cold air and expelling hot air. At the same time, the heat dissipation fins 316, pushed by the telescopic shaft 310, come into full contact with the hot air, enhancing the heat conduction efficiency. This active heat dissipation mechanism effectively reduces the internal temperature of the motor housing 1, avoiding performance degradation or burnout caused by overheating, and significantly extending the service life.

[0023] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8As shown, the heat dissipation assembly 3 includes a mounting box 301 fixedly installed at one end of the end cover 9. The mounting box 301 has a pre-set slot in the middle. The mounting box 301 is sleeved with the central shaft 7 through the slot. The mounting box 301 is made of thermally conductive material. The inner cavity of the mounting box 301 is provided with a rotating disk 302, and the rotating disk 302 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the central shaft 7. The outside of the rotating disk 302 is wavy. The interior of the central shaft 7 has a pre-set air duct. The air duct is U-shaped, and its two ends are located inside the heat dissipation assembly 3 and the motor housing 1, respectively, so as to facilitate air exchange between the heat dissipation assembly 3 and the motor housing 1, and also to prevent leakage.

[0024] Furthermore, an inwardly extending limiting groove 304 is provided in the middle of the outer side of the rotating disk 302, and a sealing ring 303 is fixedly installed on one side of the rotating disk 302. The inner side of the sealing ring 303 is in sealing contact with the outer side of the central shaft 7, and the outer side of the sealing ring 303 is in extrusion contact with the inner side of the motor housing 1. The connection between the central shaft 7 and the mounting box 301 is sealed by the sealing ring 303.

[0025] Furthermore, the heat dissipation assembly 3 also includes an array of mounting arc plates 305 mounted on the outside of the rotating disk 302. One end of the mounting arc plate 305 is fixedly connected to the inside of the motor housing 1. A first spring 306 is fixedly mounted on the inside of the mounting arc plate 305, and a sleeve shaft 307 is fixedly mounted on the other end of the first spring 306. The sleeve shaft 307 is perpendicular to the first spring 306.

[0026] Furthermore, one end of the sleeve shaft 307 is open, and a telescopic shaft 310 is sleeved through the inside of the sleeve shaft 307. A disc is pre-set at one end of the telescopic shaft 310, and an annular plate 311 is fixedly installed on the outside of the telescopic shaft 310. The annular plate 311 is located at one end of the opening of the sleeve shaft 307.

[0027] Furthermore, a second spring 308 is pre-installed inside the sleeve shaft 307. The second spring 308 is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic shaft 310, and the two ends of the second spring 308 are fixedly connected to the inner side of the ring plate 311 and the inner side of the sleeve shaft 307, respectively.

[0028] Furthermore, a slider 309 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sleeve shaft 307, and the slider 309 extends through the limiting groove 304 to the inner side of the rotating disk 302.

[0029] Furthermore, an air inlet groove 313 is arrayed on the side of the inner cavity of the mounting box 301 near the sealing ring 303. The end of the air inlet groove 313 located inside the mounting box 301 is inclined, and the mounting box 301 is sleeved with the telescopic shaft 310 through the air inlet groove 313.

[0030] Furthermore, the inner side of the mounting box 301 is provided with spherical grooves 312, and the mounting box 301 is spherically connected to the connecting rod 314 through the spherical grooves 312. The top of the connecting rod 314 is provided with a torsion spring 315, and the connecting rod 314 is connected to the inner side of the mounting box 301 through the torsion spring 315. The bottom of the connecting rod 314 is fixedly installed with heat dissipation fins 316. The inner side of the heat dissipation fins 316 is in contact with one end of the telescopic shaft 310. The heat dissipation fins 316 are inclined. A sealing plug 317 is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the heat dissipation fins 316. The outer side of the mounting box 301 is provided with air vents 318, and the air vents 318 are sealed by the sealing plug 317.

[0031] The connection between the central shaft 7 and the mounting box 301 is sealed by the sealing ring 303, and the air outlet groove 318 is dynamically sealed by the sealing plug 317 in the heat dissipation component 3, forming a multi-layer sealing protection; thereby effectively preventing external pollutants such as moisture and dust from entering the motor housing 1, improving the protection level of the motor, avoiding motor failure caused by environmental factors, and enhancing reliability and durability under harsh working conditions.

[0032] During use, a helical gear single-stage planetary reduction structure is adopted to maximize the reduction ratio. The planetary gears are made of high-strength plastic material, which reduces noise while meeting the torque output requirements of the hub motor. At the same time, when the central shaft 7 rotates continuously and a large amount of heat accumulates inside the motor housing 1, the heat inside the motor housing 1 is first transferred to the inner cavity of the mounting box 301 through the mounting box 301. As the central shaft 7 rotates continuously, the rotating disk 302 fixedly installed on its outer side and the limiting groove 304 opened on its inner side push the slider 309 and the socket shaft 307 fixedly installed on the top of the slider 309 to move back and forth. The slider 309 and the limiting groove 304 facilitate the horizontal limiting of the socket shaft 307. Since the top of the sleeve shaft 307 is fixedly installed with a first spring 306 and it is fixedly connected to the inner side of the mounting arc plate 305, it can perform auxiliary reset during the reciprocating movement of the sleeve shaft 307. As the connecting shaft 307 drives the telescopic shaft 310 to move downward, the end of the telescopic shaft 310 moves under the guidance of the air inlet groove 313, forcing the telescopic shaft 310 to move into the inside of the connecting shaft 307, thereby pulling the second spring 308 through the ring plate 311. At this time, the disc at one end of the telescopic shaft 310 disengages from the air inlet groove 313, and the inner cavity of the mounting box 301 is connected to the outside, thereby drawing the cold air outside the mounting box 301 into the inner side of the mounting box 301. Furthermore, when the telescopic shaft 310 moves to the inside of the sleeve shaft 307, the end of the telescopic shaft 310 opposite to the disc will contact and push the heat dissipation fins 316. When the heat dissipation fins 316 are under pressure, they will transmit the pressure to the connecting ball rod 314 and the torsion spring 315, forcing the torsion spring 315 to contract, thereby engaging the connecting ball rod 314 and the spherical groove 312, and rotating under the limit of the torsion spring 315, thereby causing the sealing plug 317 to separate from the air outlet groove 318, thereby allowing the inner cavity of the mounting box 301 to be connected to the outside, thus facilitating the exhaust of hot air from the inner cavity of the mounting box 301, thereby achieving heat conduction and heat dissipation. As the connecting shaft 307 drives the telescopic shaft 310 to move upward, the connecting shaft 307 and the telescopic shaft 310 reset. At this time, the disc at one end of the telescopic shaft 310 re-engages with the air intake groove 313, thereby sealing the air intake groove 313. Simultaneously, the telescopic shaft 310 stops pressing the heat dissipation fins 316. At this time, under the rebound of the torsion spring 315, the heat dissipation fins 316 cause the connecting rod 314 to rotate inside the spherical groove 312, forcing the heat dissipation fins 316 to reset and causing the sealing plug 317 installed on its top to engage with the air outlet groove 318, thereby sealing the air outlet groove 318. As the end cover 9 rotates continuously, the threaded grooves 8 on its outer side will disturb the airflow inside the mounting box 301. At this time, the airflow will be delivered to the inside of the motor housing 1 through the air duct inlet located inside the end cover 9 and the central shaft 7, thereby dissipating heat from the entire cavity. Combined with the high-temperature gas inside, it fully contacts the heat dissipation fins 316 and the side wall of the mounting box 301, thus fully conducting heat conduction and heat dissipation. Since the mounting box 301 is equipped with a sealing ring 303, which is sealed to the central shaft 7, there is no need to worry about impurities entering the air duct through the mounting box 301 and penetrating into the inside of the motor housing 1 during use. At the same time, by installing the heat dissipation component 3 at the output end of the motor housing 1, the output end of the motor housing 1 can be sealed. Through modular installation, the sealing performance of the motor housing 1 is increased, avoiding insufficient protection level that could lead to water ingress and burnout of the motor.

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the central shaft 7 is located inside the mounting box 301 and has threaded grooves 8 arranged on the outer side. The end of the central shaft 7 away from the heat dissipation component 3 is provided with a connecting spline 6, and the other end of the connecting spline 6 is provided with an electromagnetic brake 4. The inner cavity of the motor housing 1 is provided with a reduction module 2 away from the electromagnetic brake 4. The inner side of the reduction module 2 meshes with the central shaft 7. The reduction module 2 is a helical planetary reduction gear.

[0034] The helical planetary reduction module 2 is used as the reduction structure, which has a high reduction ratio and significantly improves the output torque to meet the high torque requirements of the hub motor. The planetary gears are made of high-strength plastic material, which effectively reduces the vibration and noise generated by gear meshing while ensuring structural strength, achieving a low noise level during motor operation and improving the user comfort in applications such as wheeled robots and electric wheelchairs.

[0035] The IPM motor 5, reduction module 2, electromagnetic brake 4, and heat dissipation component 3 are highly integrated inside the motor housing 1. The axial space is optimized through modular layout, reducing the overall volume and weight. This not only improves the power density of the motor but also facilitates installation and use in space-constrained situations, solving the problem of large space occupation caused by traditional split designs.

[0036] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0037] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A motor with an integrated reducer, comprising a motor housing (1) and end caps (9) spaced apart and mounted on the motor housing, characterized in that: The end cap (9) is connected to the hub on the side near the motor housing (1) and the end cap (9) is driven to rotate by the hub. A central shaft (7) extending outward is provided in the middle of the inner cavity of the motor housing (1). A heat dissipation component (3) is installed on one side of the end cap (9) and the heat dissipation component (3) is sleeved on the outside of the central shaft (7). An IPM motor (5) is provided in the inner cavity of the motor housing (1) and the IPM motor (5) is sleeved on the outside of the central shaft (7).

2. The motor with an integrated reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation assembly (3) includes a mounting box (301) fixedly installed at one end of the end cover (9). The inner cavity of the mounting box (301) is provided with a rotating disk (302), and the rotating disk (302) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the central shaft (7). The interior of the central shaft (7) is pre-set with an air duct.

3. The motor with an integrated reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: An inwardly extending limiting groove (304) is provided in the middle of the outer side of the rotating disk (302). A sealing ring (303) is fixedly installed on one side of the rotating disk (302). The inner side of the sealing ring (303) is in sealing contact with the outer side of the central shaft (7), and the outer side of the sealing ring (303) is in extrusion contact with the inner side of the motor housing (1).

4. The motor with an integrated reducer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat dissipation assembly (3) also includes an array of mounting arc plates (305) mounted on the outside of the rotating disk (302). One end of the mounting arc plate (305) is fixedly connected to the inside of the motor housing (1). A first spring (306) is fixedly mounted on the inside of the mounting arc plate (305), and a sleeve shaft (307) is fixedly mounted on the other end of the first spring (306).

5. The motor with an integrated reducer according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the sleeve shaft (307) is open, and a telescopic shaft (310) is sleeved through the inside of the sleeve shaft (307). A disc is pre-set at one end of the telescopic shaft (310), and a ring plate (311) is fixedly installed on the outside of the telescopic shaft (310). The ring plate (311) is located at one end of the opening of the sleeve shaft (307).

6. The motor with an integrated reducer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sleeve shaft (307) has a second spring (308) pre-installed inside. The second spring (308) is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic shaft (310). The two ends of the second spring (308) are fixedly connected to the inside of the ring plate (311) and the inside of the sleeve shaft (307), respectively.

7. The motor with an integrated reducer according to claim 6, characterized in that: A slider (309) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sleeve shaft (307), and the slider (309) extends through the limiting groove (304) to the inside of the rotating disk (302).

8. The motor with an integrated reducer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mounting box (301) has an air inlet groove (313) arranged on the side of the inner cavity near the sealing ring (303). The end of the air inlet groove (313) located inside the mounting box (301) is inclined, and the mounting box (301) is connected to the telescopic shaft (310) through the air inlet groove (313).

9. The motor with an integrated reducer according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner side of the mounting box (301) is provided with a spherical groove (312). The mounting box (301) is spherically connected to a connecting rod (314) through the spherical groove (312). A torsion spring (315) is fitted on the top of the connecting rod (314), and the connecting rod (314) is connected to the inner side of the mounting box (301) through the torsion spring (315). A heat dissipation fin (316) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting rod (314). A sealing plug (317) is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the heat dissipation fin (316). An air outlet groove (318) is provided on the outer side of the mounting box (301), and the air outlet groove (318) is sealed by the sealing plug (317).

10. The motor with an integrated reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central shaft (7) is located inside the mounting box (301) and has threaded grooves (8) on the outer side. The central shaft (7) is provided with a connecting spline (6) at one end away from the heat dissipation component (3), and an electromagnetic brake (4) is provided at the other end of the connecting spline (6). A speed reduction module (2) is provided on the side of the inner cavity of the motor housing (1) away from the electromagnetic brake (4), and the inner side of the speed reduction module (2) meshes with the central shaft (7).

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