Heterogeneous network interconnection adaptive UDP transmission method and intelligent networking arrangement system

Abstract

The invention relates to a heterogeneous network interconnection adaptive UDP (User Datagram Protocol) transmission method and an intelligent networking arrangement system, and belongs to the field of network communication and intelligent networking, the method comprises the following steps: adding a custom extension header behind a header of a standard UDP protocol to form an adaptive UDP transmission framework AUDP message; in the AUDP mode, an intelligent forward error correction AI-FEC mechanism is adopted to dynamically adjust the proportion of redundant packets; and dynamically calculating a timeout retransmission threshold RTO calculation model, and carrying out detection and selective retransmission on lost packets in combination with a confirmation NAK rapid retransmission strategy. The method and the system provided by the invention can adapt to a heterogeneous network environment, and consider both low time delay and high reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of network communication and intelligent networking, and particularly relates to an adaptive UDP transmission method and intelligent networking orchestration system for heterogeneous network interconnection. Background Technology

[0002] With the convergence of 5G, satellite internet, fixed networks, and edge computing technologies, integrated air-space-ground communication and multi-network collaborative communication are gradually becoming the mainstream network form. Different networks exhibit significant differences in bandwidth, latency, jitter, and packet loss rate, leading to the following challenges in cross-network communication: 1. Traditional reliable transmission protocols such as TCP are prone to congestion control failure and a sharp drop in throughput in high-latency, high-packet-loss networks; 2. Existing solutions based on UDP (User Datagram Protocol) lack effective reliability and adaptive adjustment mechanisms, making it difficult to guarantee service quality; 3. Most existing networking methods are statically configured and cannot be dynamically orchestrated and scheduled according to changes in network status. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide an adaptive UDP transmission method and intelligent networking orchestration system for heterogeneous network interconnection, which can adapt to heterogeneous network environments and take into account both low latency and high reliability.

[0004] A first aspect of the present invention proposes an adaptive UDP transmission method for interconnecting heterogeneous networks, comprising: S1. A custom extension header is added after the header of the standard UDP protocol to form an Adaptive UDP Transmission Framework (AUDP) message. When the custom extension header is detected, the AUDP mode is started. The custom extension header carries network status, packet sequence information and adaptive parameters. S2, in AUDP mode, adopts the intelligent forward error correction (AI-FEC) mechanism to dynamically adjust the redundant packet ratio, including: based on the sliding window, the current packet loss rate and historical packet loss rate are statistically analyzed, and the packet loss rate of the next time slot is predicted; the FEC redundancy ratio is calculated according to the predicted packet loss rate and service type; and the redundant packet ratio is dynamically adjusted in real time according to the decoding success rate and actual packet loss rate periodically fed back by the receiver. S3, a dynamic calculation model for the timeout retransmission threshold (RTO) is used, combined with a fast retransmission strategy based on NAK acknowledgment, to detect packet loss and selectively retransmit it. This includes: real-time monitoring of data packet round-trip time and jitter characteristics; dynamically calculating and updating the retransmission timeout (RTO) threshold based on the round-trip time and jitter characteristics; when the receiver detects a missing data packet sequence number, it generates and sends a NAK control message; the sender selectively retransmits the lost data packet after receiving the NAK control message; the receiver periodically provides feedback on the decoding success rate and NAK trigger frequency; and the sender dynamically adjusts the RTO threshold and retransmission window (RW) based on the feedback from the receiver.

[0005] Furthermore, in S1, the fields of the custom extended header include: protocol version number, data packet sequence number, sending timestamp, current transmission path identifier, forward error correction redundancy level, priority and flow type identifier, and receiver feedback identifier.

[0006] Furthermore, in S2, a hybrid prediction model combining exponential smoothing and Bayesian update is used to predict the packet loss rate for the next time slot.

[0007] Furthermore, in S2, the receiver periodically feeds back the decoding success rate and the actual packet loss rate to the transmitter. When a continuous packet loss rate >20% or a sudden packet loss is detected, the FEC redundancy ratio is increased. When continuous high packet loss or path quality degradation is detected, the enhanced error correction mode is automatically activated to increase the number of redundant packets.

[0008] Furthermore, in S2, the proportion of redundant packets is dynamically adjusted and corresponding redundant packets are generated by updating the Forward Error Correction Redundancy Level (FEC_Level) field in the AUDP header in real time.

[0009] Furthermore, in S3, the fields of the NAK control message include: missing start sequence number, missing end sequence number, average RTT value measured by the receiver, and marking burst or random packet loss type.

[0010] Furthermore, in S3, the sending end selectively retransmits lost data packets after receiving the NAK control message, including: The sending end verifies the range of lost sequence numbers to determine whether to trigger fast retransmission. Based on the RTO threshold, it decides whether to cancel the originally scheduled timeout retransmission event in advance and retransmits the missing data packets as needed. Further, in S3, the retransmission window RW is: Where C is the adjustment constant, For weighted average round-trip time, This refers to the packet loss rate.

[0011] A second aspect of the present invention proposes an intelligent network orchestration system, comprising: a heterogeneous network access module, an intelligent network orchestration and scheduling module, an adaptive UDP transmission module employing the above-described method, and a receiver feedback module, wherein, The heterogeneous network access module is used to access at least two different types of communication networks; The intelligent networking orchestration and scheduling module is used to collect the link status of each communication network in real time, perform path selection and networking orchestration based on the link status, and dynamically adjust the error correction, retransmission and transmission rate parameters of the adaptive UDP transmission module according to the selected path. The adaptive UDP transmission module is used in AUDP mode to dynamically adjust the proportion of redundant packets using the intelligent forward error correction (AI-FEC) mechanism, dynamically calculate the timeout retransmission threshold (RTO) calculation model, and combine it with the NAK fast retransmission strategy to detect and selectively retransmit lost packets. The receiver feedback module is used to provide feedback on the link status and data reception to the sender during data transmission, forming a closed-loop adaptive control.

[0012] Furthermore, the link status includes: link latency, jitter, and packet loss rate.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The method and system described in this invention dynamically construct transmission paths by sensing network conditions and introducing an adaptive transmission mechanism on top of the UDP protocol to reduce end-to-end latency and jitter, thereby improving the reliability and effective throughput of data transmission in complex network environments. This effectively solves the performance bottleneck problem of existing technologies in complex network environments and has good promotional value and industrial application prospects.

[0014] 1. This invention employs an Adaptive UDP transmission framework (AUDP) and a network orchestration mechanism: It extends the standard UDP protocol with a custom header, adding fields such as sequence number, timestamp, path identifier, and FEC to achieve transmission status awareness and adaptive control. By implementing a lightweight reliable transmission mechanism at the application layer, the system has the ability to dynamically adjust the sending rate, redundancy ratio, and retransmission strategy. Compared to traditional UDP, the AUDP of this invention combines the low latency of UDP with the reliability of TCP, significantly improving the stability and controllability of data transmission, reducing packet loss rate, and maintaining good real-time performance in heterogeneous network environments.

[0015] 2. This invention employs an AI-FEC intelligent forward error correction mechanism: It uses an adaptive redundancy control algorithm based on packet loss rate prediction and service type weighting to dynamically adjust the proportion of redundant packets, achieving a balance between transmission reliability and bandwidth utilization. A lightweight prediction model (exponential smoothing + Bayesian update) is introduced to predict the network packet loss rate in real time. Compared to traditional FEC schemes with fixed redundancy ratios, this invention's mechanism can automatically optimize the error correction strength based on real-time network conditions, effectively saving bandwidth resources while maintaining a stable decoding success rate in high packet loss scenarios.

[0016] 3. This invention employs an RTO / NAK low-latency retransmission mechanism: A dynamic timeout retransmission threshold (RTO) calculation model is designed, combined with a negative acknowledgment (NAK) fast retransmission strategy, to achieve rapid packet loss detection and selective retransmission. A dual-end feedback mechanism adaptively adjusts the window and retransmission interval. Compared to a fixed timeout retransmission mechanism, this invention can significantly reduce data recovery latency and improve throughput and user experience in networks with high jitter and high packet loss. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an adaptive UDP transmission method for heterogeneous network interconnection according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the overall architecture of the intelligent networking and orchestration system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concepts disclosed in this invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of methods and systems consistent with some aspects of the invention as detailed in the appended claims.

[0023] Heterogeneous networks refer to composite network systems composed of multiple communication network standards, including 5G, fixed networks, and satellite networks. This invention proposes an adaptive UDP transmission method and intelligent networking orchestration system for heterogeneous network interconnection, relating to network communication and intelligent networking. It is an adaptive UDP transmission method and intelligent networking orchestration system applicable to heterogeneous communication network environments such as 5G networks, fixed broadband networks, and satellite networks.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an adaptive UDP transmission method for heterogeneous network interconnection, comprising: S1 adds a custom extension header to the header of the standard UDP protocol to form an Adaptive UDP (AUDP) transport framework message. When the custom extension header is detected, AUDP mode is started.

[0025] Specifically, the Adaptive UDP Framework (AUDP) is a lightweight intelligent transport mechanism that enhances the UDP protocol. This invention adds a custom extended header to the standard UDP header. This custom extended header carries network status, packet sequence information, and adaptive parameters. By adding this custom extended header, an Adaptive UDP Framework (AUDP) message is constructed.

[0026] In this invention, the custom extended header carries network status, packet sequence information, and adaptive parameters.

[0027] As shown in Table 1, the fields of the custom extended header include: protocol version number, packet sequence number, sending timestamp, current transmission path identifier, forward error correction redundancy level, priority and flow type identifier, and receiver feedback identifier.

[0028] Table 1 Structure of Custom Extension Headers The custom extended header proposed in this invention is structurally compatible with standard UDP packet encapsulation. By enabling AUDP mode through the extended header identifier field, unrecognized devices can process the packet as normal UDP, exhibiting good backward compatibility. That is, when the custom extended header is detected, AUDP mode is activated; otherwise, it is processed as normal UDP.

[0029] The Adaptive UDP transmission framework (AUDP) simulates key reliability features of the TCP protocol (e.g., data acknowledgment and retransmission mechanisms) through algorithms, specifically enabling efficient transmission, guaranteed reliability, strong network adaptability, and high flexibility. The AUDP mechanism mainly involves two aspects: Intelligent Forward Error Correction (AI-FEC) protocol and Dynamic Timeout Retransmission Protocol with Fast Retransmission optimization. These are explained below through steps S2 and S3.

[0030] S2, in AUDP mode, uses the intelligent forward error correction (AI-FEC) mechanism to dynamically adjust the proportion of redundant packets.

[0031] AI-FEC (Intelligent Forward Error Correction) is a forward error correction algorithm based on intelligent prediction, combined with packet loss rate prediction and adaptive RS coding. The AI-FEC mechanism is a key mechanism in the AUDP protocol used to improve reliability. By combining real-time network status monitoring and statistical prediction algorithms, it dynamically adjusts the proportion of redundant packets to achieve a balance between error correction performance and bandwidth utilization.

[0032] S21, based on the sliding window, calculate the current packet loss rate and the historical packet loss rate, and predict the packet loss rate for the next time slot.

[0033] In this invention, an intelligent forward error correction (AI-FEC) mechanism is employed. Specifically, a hybrid prediction model combining exponential smoothing and Bayesian updating is used to predict the packet loss rate for the next time slot.

[0034] First, the packet loss rate is predicted using exponential smoothing. : (1) Among them, : Packet loss rate observed in the current window; : The packet loss rate predicted last time; : A smoothing coefficient (ranging from 0.3 to 0.7, dynamically adjusted). Then, this invention applies the initially predicted packet loss rate. Adding Bayesian correction enhances robustness, resulting in a corrected packet loss rate. : (2) in, The range of values ​​for w is obtained by updating the posterior distribution of the most recent N observations. The range is 0.1~0.3.

[0035] S22, Calculate the FEC redundancy ratio based on the predicted packet loss rate and service type. Based on the predicted packet loss rate and business type weight Calculate the redundancy ratio R: (3) in, and For example, empirical coefficients. =0.8, =0.2.

[0036] Real-time services =1; Non-real-time business, =0.5. In this invention, the redundancy ratio R is converted to the number of redundant packets n_FEC as follows: n_FEC=ceil(R×n_data)(4) Where n_data is the number of data packets in the current encoding window.

[0037] S23, based on the decoding success rate and actual packet loss rate periodically fed back by the receiver, dynamically adjust the proportion of redundant packets in real time.

[0038] Specifically, this step implements a dynamic adjustment and feedback mechanism.

[0039] The receiving end periodically feeds back the decoding success rate and actual packet loss rate to the sending end, which then adjusts its settings accordingly. and Parameters such as these.

[0040] When a series of high packet loss events are detected (i.e., the packet loss rate exceeds a preset threshold) or a sudden packet loss event (more than 5 packets lost consecutively), the FEC redundancy ratio FEC_Level is increased. For example, the redundancy is increased by 20% to 40%.

[0041] The preset threshold is a configurable value that can be set as needed. For example, a preset threshold of 20% means that a packet loss rate greater than 20% is considered high packet loss.

[0042] When continuous high packet loss is detected (i.e., packet loss rate exceeds a preset threshold) or path quality deterioration, an enhanced error correction mode is automatically activated, increasing the number of redundant packets. For example, the number of redundant packets is increased by 20% to 50%.

[0043] The above method reduces fixed redundancy overhead while ensuring reliability, saving an average of 25% bandwidth compared to a fixed proportion of FEC.

[0044] This invention dynamically adjusts the proportion of redundant packets by updating the Forward Error Correction Redundancy Level (FEC_Level) field in the AUDP header in real time, thereby guiding the encoding module to generate redundant packets.

[0045] S3 is a dynamic timeout retransmission threshold RTO calculation model that, combined with the NAK acknowledgment fast retransmission strategy, performs packet loss detection and selective retransmission.

[0046] The RTO / NAK (Retransmission Timeout / Negative Acknowledgement) low-latency retransmission mechanism is a key component in the AUDP protocol used to improve reliability and real-time performance. This mechanism achieves low-latency data recovery and link stability assurance in high-packet-loss, high-jitter network environments by dynamically calculating the retransmission timeout (RTO) threshold and using a fast retransmission strategy based on negative acknowledgments (NAK). The RTO threshold is used to determine when to retransmit lost data packets.

[0047] The execution logic of the RTO / NAK (Retransmission Timeout / Negative Acknowledgement) low-latency retransmission mechanism is as follows: S31, real-time monitoring of the round-trip time of data packets and their jitter characteristics, and dynamic calculation and updating of the retransmission timeout (RTO) threshold based on the round-trip time and jitter characteristics to adapt to changes in network latency.

[0048] Specifically, an adaptive algorithm based on weighted moving average and jitter correction is used to dynamically calculate the retransmission timeout (RTO) threshold: (5) in, Weighted average round-trip time; RTT jitter (standard deviation); Adjustment coefficient, typically ranging from 3 to 5. The RTT average is updated using a weighted method as follows: (6) in, The smoothing coefficient (0.1-0.3) is dynamically adjusted based on network stability. When a sudden change in latency is detected (e.g., RTT fluctuation exceeding 30%), the system immediately increases β to avoid false packet loss detection. This is the round-trip delay measurement obtained by the sending end for the latest data transmission.

[0049] S32, the receiving end maintains a continuous data packet sequence number window. When a missing data packet sequence number is detected, a NAK message is generated and sent to the sending end.

[0050] In this invention, the key fields of the NAK control message include: missing start sequence number Seq_Missing_Start, missing end sequence number Seq_Missing_End, average RTT value measured by the receiver RTT_Feedback, and Loss_Type indicating burst or random packet loss type.

[0051] S33: After receiving a NAK control message, the sending end selectively retransmits lost data packets as needed to reduce redundancy. Specifically, after receiving a NAK message, the sending end first checks the range of lost sequence numbers to determine whether to trigger fast retransmission.

[0052] The following example illustrates the range of sequence numbers that trigger retransmission.

[0053] Assuming the receiver's sequence number window is [1, 10], and the receiver detects the loss of data packets 3 to 7, the generated NAK message will contain: Seq_Missing_Start=3 Seq_Missing_End=7 After receiving NAK, the sending end selectively retransmits data packets with sequence numbers between 3 and 7.

[0054] Then, based on the RTO threshold, it is decided whether to cancel the originally scheduled timeout retransmission event in advance.

[0055] Specifically, if the RTO timeout value is greater than the delay threshold indicated in the NAK message, a fast retransmission may be triggered earlier to avoid waiting for a timeout. If the RTO timeout value is smaller, the sender may continue to wait for the originally scheduled retransmission time instead of retransmitting immediately.

[0056] Finally, retransmit missing data packets as needed to avoid redundant transmission.

[0057] Specifically, assuming the sender has already sent data packets 1 to 10, and the receiver loses data packets in sequence numbers 3 to 7, and generates a NAK message: Seq_Missing_Start=3 Seq_Missing_End=7 After receiving the NAK, the sending end, based on the logic of "on-demand" retransmission, only retransmits data packets 3 to 7, while data packets 1, 2, 8, 9 and 10 do not need to be retransmitted.

[0058] The above mechanism complements the dynamic RTO adjustment mechanism: when there is a sudden packet loss in the network, the NAK mechanism can trigger a fast retransmission before the RTO timeout, thereby significantly reducing the recovery latency.

[0059] S34, the receiver periodically feeds back the decoding success rate and NAK trigger frequency, and the transmitter dynamically adjusts the RTO retransmission timeout threshold and retransmission window RW based on the feedback decoding success rate and NAK trigger frequency from the receiver.

[0060] In this step, both ends work together to optimize the retransmission window, achieving a dynamic balance between latency and reliability.

[0061] The sending end maintains a dynamic retransmission window (RW), the size of which is related to the current network RTT and packet loss rate. The retransmission window RW is as follows: (7) Where C is the adjustment constant, For weighted average round-trip time, This refers to the packet loss rate. The receiver periodically feeds back the decoding success rate and NAK trigger frequency, and the transmitter adjusts the RTO parameters and window size accordingly to achieve a balance between low latency and reliability. and Both are calculated based on the decoding success rate and NAK messages fed back by the receiving end.

[0062] like Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides an intelligent networking orchestration system, comprising: a heterogeneous network access module 1, an intelligent networking orchestration and scheduling module 2, an adaptive UDP transmission module 3, and a receiver feedback module 4.

[0063] Specifically, the heterogeneous network access module 1 connects to at least two different types of communication networks. For example, the heterogeneous network access module supports access to multiple networks such as 5G, fixed network, and satellite.

[0064] The intelligent networking orchestration and scheduling module 2 performs path calculation and resource scheduling based on real-time network status.

[0065] Specifically, the intelligent networking orchestration and scheduling module 2 collects the link status of each communication network in real time, performs path selection and networking orchestration based on the link status, and dynamically adjusts the error correction, retransmission and transmission rate parameters of the adaptive UDP transmission module based on the selected path.

[0066] In this invention, the link status includes: link latency, jitter, and packet loss rate, etc.

[0067] The following describes the specific process of dynamically adjusting the error correction, retransmission, and transmission rate parameters of the adaptive UDP transmission module based on the selected path. This adjustment process is a closed-loop control system, where path selection, parameter adjustment, and real-time feedback interact with each other.

[0068] Path selection: Select the optimal path in real time based on link status information.

[0069] Dynamic parameter adjustment: Based on the link conditions of the selected path (packet loss rate, bandwidth, latency, etc.), dynamically adjust the error correction (FEC), retransmission (RTO / NAK), and transmission rate parameters of UDP transmission.

[0070] Feedback optimization: The receiving end provides network performance information, and the sending end further optimizes the transmission parameters based on the feedback to maintain the best balance of system performance.

[0071] The above process ensures that the adaptive UDP transport protocol can achieve efficient, reliable and low-latency data transmission under various network conditions.

[0072] 1. Path selection and link status monitoring The path selection process is as follows: The heterogeneous network access module 1 monitors the status of multiple network links in real time and collects information including but not limited to the following: packet loss rate, round-trip time (RTT), link jitter, bandwidth availability, and network congestion.

[0073] After this information is processed by the intelligent networking orchestration and scheduling module 2, the most suitable transmission path is selected based on the set network policies (such as low latency priority, reliability priority, etc.). Path selection may be based on priority or load balancing, for example, prioritizing low-latency paths when network quality is poor, or using high-bandwidth network paths for large data transmission.

[0074] 2. Dynamically adjust the parameters of the adaptive UDP transmission module Based on the link status of the selected transmission path, the adaptive UDP transmission module 3 adjusts the following three key parameters: error correction, retransmission, and transmission rate.

[0075] a) Dynamically adjust error correction (FEC) parameters Error correction (FEC) parameters are used to ensure the reliability of data transmission. By adding redundant data packets, data can be recovered in the event of packet loss.

[0076] The redundancy ratio (i.e., FEC level) is dynamically adjusted based on the packet loss rate and network stability of the selected path. If the packet loss rate of the path is high, redundant packets are added to improve reliability; if the packet loss rate is low, redundancy is reduced to save bandwidth.

[0077] For example, if the path packet loss rate is greater than 20%, the system may enable an enhanced error correction mode, increasing redundant data packets and potentially increasing the redundancy ratio by 20%-50%.

[0078] If the packet loss rate along the path is low, the number of redundant packets will be reduced appropriately to optimize bandwidth usage.

[0079] b) Dynamically adjust retransmission mechanism (RTO / NAK) The parameters of the retransmission mechanism are dynamically adjusted based on the latency and jitter of the selected path. Specifically, this includes: RTO threshold: Adjusts the retransmission timeout. Lower latency paths can use a smaller RTO to trigger retransmissions quickly; higher latency paths use a larger RTO to avoid excessively frequent retransmissions.

[0080] NAK Fast Retransmit: If the packet loss rate along the path is high and the packet loss is sudden, the receiver can send a NAK control message to request the sender to quickly retransmit the lost data packets. The sender, based on the NAK message, determines whether to trigger a retransmission in advance to reduce latency caused by timeouts.

[0081] For example: In paths with high packet loss, the receiver will immediately trigger NAK retransmission upon detecting packet loss and require the sender to respond quickly to the lost data packets to avoid waiting for RTO timeout.

[0082] On more stable paths, RTO can be kept at a larger value to avoid too many retransmission events.

[0083] 3. Feedback Mechanism and Continuous Optimization The receiver feedback module 4 periodically feeds back information such as decoding success rate, packet loss rate, and RTT to the transmitter. The transmitter dynamically adjusts these parameters based on this feedback.

[0084] Real-time adjustment: As network conditions change (such as changes in network quality during path selection, bandwidth fluctuations, etc.), the adaptive UDP transmission module 3 will adjust parameters such as error correction, retransmission, and transmission rate according to the real-time collected link status to ensure optimal transmission performance.

[0085] The Adaptive UDP Transmission Module 3, in AUDP mode, uses an Intelligent Forward Error Correction (AI-FEC) mechanism to dynamically adjust the proportion of redundant packets, dynamically calculate the Timeout Retransmission Threshold (RTO) calculation model, and combine it with a NAK (Near-Acknowledgement) fast retransmission strategy to detect packet loss and selectively retransmit. The Adaptive UDP Transmission Module (AUDP) 3 implements reliability, congestion control, and adaptive parameter adjustment on top of UDP. The Adaptive Transmission Module (AUDP) 3 implements the AUDP self-adaptive transmission framework, enhancing three core mechanisms on top of UDP to achieve efficient and reliable transmission.

[0086] The receiver feedback module 4 is used to provide feedback on the link status and data reception status to the sender during data transmission, forming a closed-loop adaptive control.

[0087] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive UDP transmission method for interconnecting heterogeneous networks, characterized in that, include: S1. A custom extension header is added after the header of the standard UDP protocol to form an Adaptive UDP Transmission Framework (AUDP) message. When the custom extension header is detected, the AUDP mode is started. The custom extension header carries network status, packet sequence information and adaptive parameters. S2, in AUDP mode, adopts the intelligent forward error correction (AI-FEC) mechanism to dynamically adjust the redundant packet ratio, including: based on the sliding window, the current packet loss rate and historical packet loss rate are statistically analyzed, and the packet loss rate of the next time slot is predicted; the FEC redundancy ratio is calculated according to the predicted packet loss rate and service type; and the redundant packet ratio is dynamically adjusted in real time according to the decoding success rate and actual packet loss rate periodically fed back by the receiver. S3, a dynamic calculation model for the timeout retransmission threshold (RTO) is used, combined with a fast retransmission strategy based on NAK acknowledgment, to detect packet loss and selectively retransmit it. This includes: real-time monitoring of data packet round-trip time and jitter characteristics; dynamically calculating and updating the retransmission timeout (RTO) threshold based on the round-trip time and jitter characteristics; when the receiver detects a missing data packet sequence number, it generates and sends a NAK control message; the sender selectively retransmits the lost data packet after receiving the NAK control message; the receiver periodically provides feedback on the decoding success rate and NAK trigger frequency; and the sender dynamically adjusts the RTO threshold and retransmission window (RW) based on the feedback from the receiver.

2. The adaptive UDP transmission method for heterogeneous network interconnection according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, the fields of the custom extended header include: protocol version number, data packet sequence number, sending timestamp, current transmission path identifier, forward error correction redundancy level, priority and flow type identifier, and receiver feedback identifier.

3. The adaptive UDP transmission method for heterogeneous network interconnection according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, a hybrid prediction model combining exponential smoothing and Bayesian update is used to predict the packet loss rate for the next time slot.

4. The adaptive UDP transmission method for heterogeneous network interconnection according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, the receiver periodically feeds back the decoding success rate and the actual packet loss rate to the sender. When a continuous packet loss rate greater than the preset threshold or a sudden packet loss is detected, the FEC redundancy ratio is increased. When a packet loss rate exceeding a preset threshold or a path quality deterioration is detected consecutively, the enhanced error correction mode is automatically activated, increasing the number of redundant packets.

5. The adaptive UDP transmission method for heterogeneous network interconnection according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, the proportion of redundant packets is dynamically adjusted and corresponding redundant packets are generated by updating the Forward Error Correction Redundancy Level (FEC_Level) field in the AUDP header in real time.

6. The adaptive UDP transmission method for heterogeneous network interconnection according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, the fields of the NAK control message include: missing start sequence number, missing end sequence number, average RTT value measured by the receiver, and marking burst or random packet loss type.

7. The adaptive UDP transmission method for heterogeneous network interconnection according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, the sending end selectively retransmits lost data packets after receiving the NAK control message, including: The sending end verifies the range of lost sequence numbers, determines whether to trigger fast retransmission, and decides whether to cancel the original timeout retransmission event in advance based on the RTO threshold, and retransmits the missing data packets as needed.

8. The adaptive UDP transmission method for heterogeneous network interconnection according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, the retransmission window RW is: Where C is the adjustment constant, For weighted average round-trip time, This refers to the packet loss rate.

9. An intelligent networking and orchestration system, characterized in that, include: The heterogeneous network access module, the intelligent network orchestration and scheduling module, the adaptive UDP transmission module using the method described in any one of claims 1-8, and the receiver feedback module, wherein, The heterogeneous network access module is used to access at least two different types of communication networks; The intelligent networking orchestration and scheduling module is used to collect the link status of each communication network in real time, perform path selection and networking orchestration based on the link status, and dynamically adjust the error correction, retransmission and transmission rate parameters of the adaptive UDP transmission module according to the selected path. The adaptive UDP transmission module is used in AUDP mode to dynamically adjust the proportion of redundant packets using the intelligent forward error correction (AI-FEC) mechanism, dynamically calculate the timeout retransmission threshold (RTO) calculation model, and combine it with the NAK fast retransmission strategy to detect and selectively retransmit lost packets. The receiver feedback module is used to provide feedback on the link status and data reception to the sender during data transmission, forming a closed-loop adaptive control.

10. The system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The link status includes: link latency, jitter, and packet loss rate.

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