Multichannel phase compensation system and method based on negative feedback
By using a multi-channel phase compensation system based on negative feedback, the problem of amplitude and phase inconsistency between channels in multi-channel receiving equipment is solved, achieving high-precision and stable signal calibration, adapting to complex environments, and improving signal processing efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA ELECTRONIS TECH INSTR CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-28
AI Technical Summary
Existing multi-channel receiving equipment suffers from amplitude and phase inconsistency between channels during signal processing. Current correction methods require repeated calibrations and rely on empirical frequency selection, resulting in poor compensation performance at non-calibrated frequencies.
A multi-channel phase compensation system based on negative feedback is adopted, including a signal input and down-conversion module, a phase compensation module, a data delay module, a decimation filtering and phase calculation module, and a phase difference detection module. The phase compensation value is dynamically corrected through the negative feedback path, and the phase difference data is processed by the directional data averaging algorithm to achieve high-precision phase calibration.
It achieves high-precision phase difference calculation, has strong system stability, reduces steady-state phase error, improves calibration efficiency, and is suitable for signal compensation in complex environments.
Smart Images
Figure CN121940248A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electronic communication technology, specifically relating to a multi-channel phase compensation system and method based on negative feedback. Background Technology
[0002] As electromagnetic information scenarios become increasingly diverse and electromagnetic signal environments become more complex, various modulation methods lead to increasingly varied amplitude, phase, and frequency properties of signals. Multi-channel receiving equipment can improve signal reception and analysis capabilities, but compared to single-channel reception, multi-channel receiving solutions introduce amplitude and phase inconsistencies between channels. These inconsistencies are influenced by various factors, including the parameters of electronic components in each channel, ambient temperature, cable length, and loss parameters, all of which can cause amplitude and phase deviations.
[0003] Existing solutions select a representative frequency point as the input signal frequency and generate a calibration reference signal within the receiving unit. After signal processing through each channel, the corresponding amplitude and phase are obtained. By comparing the differences in amplitude and phase among the channels, the amplitude and phase distortion of each channel are determined. Amplitude compensation and phase adjustment in hardware are then used to compensate for the amplitude and phase errors of each channel.
[0004] Existing technologies have shortcomings in terms of correction effectiveness. Since various factors can cause amplitude and phase inconsistencies, changes in hardware parameters can introduce new variables. To reduce amplitude and phase errors to a minimum, multiple repetitive calibration operations are required. Frequency selection is often empirical; when the operating frequency is not at the calibration frequency, the amplitude and phase compensation effect will deteriorate, or even fail to achieve the desired calibration effect.
[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a phase compensation method that can achieve high precision, high stability, and adapt to complex working environments. Summary of the Invention
[0006] In view of the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art, the present invention proposes a multi-channel phase compensation system and method based on negative feedback. The system is reasonably designed, overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, and has good results.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A multi-channel phase compensation system based on negative feedback includes: The signal input and downconversion module is configured to receive multi-channel intermediate frequency signals, perform downconversion and analog-to-digital conversion on the signals, and output digital signals. A phase compensation module, whose input is connected to the output of the signal input and the downconversion module, is configured to perform phase adjustment on the digital signal of at least one channel based on the feedback phase compensation value. The data delay module, whose input is connected to the signal input and the output of the downconversion module, is configured to delay the digital signal to compensate for the processing delay introduced by the phase compensation module and ensure that the multi-channel data is aligned in time. The decimation filtering and phase calculation module has its input terminals connected to the output terminals of the phase compensation module and the data delay module, respectively, and is configured to perform decimation filtering on the input signal and calculate the instantaneous phase of each channel. The phase difference detection module, whose input is connected to the output of the decimation filtering and phase calculation module, is configured to calculate the phase difference between each channel and to process the phase difference data at multiple sampling times using the directional data averaging algorithm to obtain the average phase difference. The negative feedback path, connected between the output of the phase difference detector module and the control input of the phase compensation module, is configured to transmit the average phase difference as a feedback signal to the phase compensation module to dynamically correct the phase compensation value.
[0008] Furthermore, this invention also mentions a multi-channel phase compensation method based on negative feedback. This method employs a multi-channel phase compensation system based on negative feedback as described above, and specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Multi-channel signal input; Each channel receives the intermediate frequency input signal; Step 2: Down-conversion; Each channel performs down-conversion and analog-to-digital conversion on the intermediate frequency input signal to obtain a digital IQ signal; Step 3: Phase compensation and data delay; The phase compensation module performs phase compensation processing on the digital IQ signal of at least one channel; at the same time, the data delay module performs delay processing on the digital IQ signal of another channel to match the delay introduced by the phase compensation processing. Step 4: Decimation filtering and phase calculation; The decimation filtering and phase calculation module performs decimation filtering on the processed signals of each channel and calculates the instantaneous phase of each channel. Step 5: Phase difference detection; The phase difference detection module calculates the phase difference between each channel, and the phase difference data at multiple consecutive moments are processed using the directional data averaging method to obtain the average phase difference. Step 6: Negative feedback compensation; The average phase difference is fed back to the phase compensation step through a negative feedback path to adjust the phase compensation value. This process is repeated iteratively until the system reaches a stable state, thus completing multi-channel phase compensation.
[0009] Preferably, the directional data averaging method in step 5 includes the following steps: Step S1: Phase deblurring; The raw phase difference data acquired at multiple sampling times is mapped to a preset period interval; Step S2: Coordinate transformation; Each phase difference data after mapping is converted into a unit vector on a two-dimensional plane; Step S3: Vector composition; Calculate the arithmetic mean vector of all unit vectors; Step S4: Angle calculation; Calculate the angle of the arithmetic mean vector relative to the origin, and use this angle value as the final mean phase difference.
[0010] Preferably, in step S1, the preset period range is [-π, π).
[0011] Preferably, in step S2, the phase difference data 𝜃 is converted into a unit vector by calculating the cosine value 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 and the sine value 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 of the phase difference, and the corresponding unit vector is (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃, 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃).
[0012] Preferably, in step S4, The angle of the arithmetic mean vector is calculated using the four-quadrant arctangent function atan2(Y, X), where (X,Y) are the coordinates of the arithmetic mean vector.
[0013] Preferably, in step 3, the phase compensation module uses a vector rotation method to perform phase compensation processing on the down-converted IQ data. Specifically, let the IQ data before phase adjustment be (X, Y), and the phase compensation value be θ. Then, the output result (X', Y') after phase compensation is: X' = X * cosθ - Y * sinθ, Y' = X * sinθ + Y * cosθ.
[0014] The beneficial technical effects of this invention are as follows: 1. High-precision phase difference calculation: By taking the mean of the direction data, the calculation distortion caused by the phase difference jumping at the period boundary (such as around ±180°) is effectively avoided, ensuring the accuracy of phase difference detection.
[0015] 2. Strong system stability: By introducing a negative feedback mechanism into the phase compensation system, the overshoot in the compensation process is reduced, making the output of the compensation process smooth and significantly reducing the steady-state phase error after compensation.
[0016] 3. High efficiency: The negative feedback mechanism makes the phase difference output continuously approach the desired zero output, which improves the compensation accuracy while avoiding complex multiple compensation corrections and improving calibration efficiency.
[0017] 4. Wide applicability: The method for calculating the mean of directional data can be generalized to other scenarios involving calculating the mean of periodic data, and has broad application prospects. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the negative feedback phase compensation method of the present invention.
[0019] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the multi-channel signal processing of the present invention.
[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the phase difference detection algorithm of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention provides a multi-channel phase compensation method based on negative feedback, taking a dual-channel approach as an example. The specific implementation process is as follows: The intermediate frequency signal is input through two channels, first undergoing down-conversion and analog-to-digital conversion. One signal enters the phase compensation module, which adjusts the phase of the signal based on the initialization settings or feedback phase difference. The other signal passes through the data delay module, which compensates for the delay introduced by the phase compensation module during calculation, ensuring that the two signals are aligned in time.
[0022] Subsequently, the two signals are decimated and filtered according to the system bandwidth setting to reduce the data rate and improve the signal-to-noise ratio. Next, the instantaneous phase of the two signals is calculated in the phase calculation module.
[0023] The phase information from both channels is fed into the phase difference detection module. The phase difference detection module averages the phase difference between the two channels multiple times and feeds the result back to the phase compensation module. Once the negative feedback reaches a stable state, the phase compensation of the two channels is finally completed.
[0024] Assume the input signal is ,in Indicates amplitude error. This represents the phase error. The ideal amplitude-phase compensated signal is... The key to phase compensation lies in obtaining the phase error and how to use the phase error for accurate phase compensation. Figure 2 The multi-channel signal processing flow is explained. Two channels perform analog-to-digital conversion on the same signal. After digital mixing, the phase is calculated by a phase compensation module or a data delay module after decimation filtering. The phases of the two channels are obtained respectively. The average value of multiple phase difference data is obtained by a phase difference detection module, which is the measured phase error.
[0025] Since the phase data calculated from a single channel ranges from [-π, π), the phase difference ranges from [-2π, 2π), with a period of 2π. The detection module first deblurs the phase difference, mapping it to the range of [-π, π).
[0026] To eliminate the influence of white noise in the signal, it is necessary to average the phase difference data obtained from multiple samplings. The formula for calculating the average is as follows: Experiments revealed that when the phase difference jumps around 180°, the traditional averaging method results in an incorrect mean calculation. For example, a set of phase difference data 177°, 178°, 179°, 181°, 182°, 183°, after phase deblurring, yields a new set of phase difference data 177°, 178°, 179°, -179°, -178°, -177°. The calculated mean is 0°, while the actual result should be 180°, indicating a significant error. Therefore, the traditional summation and averaging algorithm is unsuitable for such periodic data that crosses the boundary.
[0027] This invention addresses the calculation error of phase difference during boundary transitions by providing a method for averaging direction data. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the phase difference data is first de-blurred, and its value range is transformed to [-π, π). Then, trigonometric functions are used to convert the one-dimensional phase data into two-dimensional data (α, β). This transforms the phase data averaging problem into averaging the two-dimensional data. The x and y coordinates of all the two-dimensional data involved in the averaging operation are then averaged to obtain new data values. , The angle between this value and the horizontal axis of the coordinate system is the expected average phase difference. .
[0028] After obtaining the average phase difference data, this value is fed back to the phase compensation module. The phase compensation module uses a vector rotation method to adjust the phase of the down-converted IQ data. Let the IQ data before phase adjustment be (X, Y), and the output result after phase compensation be... Then we have: .
[0029] The data calculation delay introduced by the phase compensation module is compensated for by the data delay module. The data delay module delays the input data, realigning the two data streams and eliminating the impact of the phase compensation module's calculation delay on the data phase compensation. Since the digital signal processing flow after the phase compensation module is completely consistent for each channel, it is assumed that the decimation filtering and phase calculation modules provide the same gain to each module and that these modules will not cause error interference to the signal phase. Once the negative feedback of each channel reaches stability, multi-channel phase compensation is complete. This negative feedback compensation method reduces overshoot during the compensation process, smooths the output during compensation, and reduces the steady-state phase error after compensation. Because the result of phase difference detection is directly transmitted to the phase compensation module, the phase difference output can continuously approach the desired zero output, improving compensation accuracy while avoiding multiple compensation corrections.
[0030] Of course, the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the examples given above. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A multi-channel phase compensation system based on negative feedback, characterized in that, include: The signal input and downconversion module is configured to receive multi-channel intermediate frequency signals, perform downconversion and analog-to-digital conversion on the signals, and output digital signals. A phase compensation module, whose input is connected to the output of the signal input and the downconversion module, is configured to perform phase adjustment on the digital signal of at least one channel based on the feedback phase compensation value. The data delay module, whose input is connected to the signal input and the output of the downconversion module, is configured to delay the digital signal to compensate for the processing delay introduced by the phase compensation module and ensure that the multi-channel data is aligned in time. The decimation filtering and phase calculation module has its input terminals connected to the output terminals of the phase compensation module and the data delay module, respectively, and is configured to perform decimation filtering on the input signal and calculate the instantaneous phase of each channel. The phase difference detection module, whose input is connected to the output of the decimation filtering and phase calculation module, is configured to calculate the phase difference between each channel and to process the phase difference data at multiple sampling times using the directional data averaging algorithm to obtain the average phase difference. The negative feedback path, connected between the output of the phase difference detector module and the control input of the phase compensation module, is configured to transmit the average phase difference as a feedback signal to the phase compensation module to dynamically correct the phase compensation value.
2. A multi-channel phase compensation method based on negative feedback, characterized in that, The multi-channel phase compensation system based on negative feedback as described in claim 1 specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Multi-channel signal input; Each channel receives the intermediate frequency input signal; Step 2: Down-conversion; Each channel performs down-conversion and analog-to-digital conversion on the intermediate frequency input signal to obtain a digital IQ signal; Step 3: Phase compensation and data delay; The phase compensation module performs phase compensation processing on the digital IQ signal of at least one channel; at the same time, the data delay module performs delay processing on the digital IQ signal of another channel to match the delay introduced by the phase compensation processing. Step 4: Decimation filtering and phase calculation; The decimation filtering and phase calculation module performs decimation filtering on the processed signals of each channel and calculates the instantaneous phase of each channel. Step 5: Phase difference detection; The phase difference detection module calculates the phase difference between each channel, and the phase difference data at multiple consecutive moments are processed using the directional data averaging method to obtain the average phase difference. Step 6: Negative feedback compensation; The average phase difference is fed back to the phase compensation step through a negative feedback path to adjust the phase compensation value. This process is repeated iteratively until the system reaches a stable state, thus completing multi-channel phase compensation.
3. The multi-channel phase compensation method based on negative feedback according to claim 2, characterized in that, The directional data mean method in step 5 includes the following steps: Step S1: Phase deblurring; The raw phase difference data acquired at multiple sampling times is mapped to a preset period interval; Step S2: Coordinate transformation; Each phase difference data after mapping is converted into a unit vector on a two-dimensional plane; Step S3: Vector composition; Calculate the arithmetic mean vector of all unit vectors; Step S4: Angle calculation; Calculate the angle of the arithmetic mean vector relative to the origin, and use this angle value as the final mean phase difference.
4. The multi-channel phase compensation method based on negative feedback according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S1, the preset period range is [-π, π).
5. The multi-channel phase compensation method based on negative feedback according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S2, the phase difference data 𝜃 is converted into a unit vector by calculating the cosine value 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 and the sine value 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 of the phase difference, and the corresponding unit vector is (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃, 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃).
6. The multi-channel phase compensation method based on negative feedback according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S4, The angle of the arithmetic mean vector is calculated using the four-quadrant arctangent function atan2(Y, X), where (X, Y) are the coordinates of the arithmetic mean vector.
7. The multi-channel phase compensation method based on negative feedback according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step 3, the phase compensation module uses a vector rotation method to perform phase compensation processing on the down-converted IQ data. Specifically: Let the IQ data before phase adjustment be (X, Y), and the phase compensation value be θ. Then the output result (X', Y') after phase compensation is: X' = X * cosθ - Y * sinθ, Y' = X * sinθ + Y * cosθ.