Inertia wet-type integrated labyrinth water curtain dust removal system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of industrial dust removal, and discloses an inertia wet type integrated labyrinth water curtain dust removal system which comprises an air inlet pretreatment module, a labyrinth type gas-liquid contact dust removal module, a dual demisting module, an intelligent water circulation module, a cooperative control module and an air outlet monitoring module. The air inlet pretreatment module is used for realizing air flow equalization and particulate matter pretreatment, the labyrinth type gas-liquid contact dust removal module adopts staggered partition walls to form a zigzag flow channel, a flow channel width adjusting assembly and a nozzle angle control unit are combined, running parameters are dynamically adapted based on waste gas flow and dust concentration, and dust capture is realized through inertial collision; the intelligent water circulation module is used for recycling, treating and circularly supplying spraying liquid; the double demisting module is used for reducing the moisture content of gas at an outlet; the cooperative control module is linked with each module to realize parameter adaptive adjustment and fault alarm; and through module cooperation and a dynamic adaptation mechanism, the dust removal efficiency is improved, the water resource consumption is reduced, and stable operation is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of industrial dust removal technology, specifically to an inertial wet integrated labyrinth water curtain dust removal system. Background Technology

[0002] With increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements and more complex production conditions in the industrial sector, dust removal systems, as core equipment for controlling dust emissions from waste gas, are becoming increasingly important. Traditional inertial wet scrubbing systems often employ fixed flow channel structures and single spray parameters, making it difficult to cope with complex scenarios involving fluctuating flow rates and varying dust concentrations in industrial waste gas. Existing systems have limitations in gas-liquid contact efficiency, often resulting in unstable dust capture effects due to uneven airflow distribution and incomplete water curtain coverage. In terms of operational adaptability, most systems lack dynamic adjustment capabilities, exhibiting sluggish responses to changes in operating conditions and failing to balance dust removal efficiency with resource consumption. Furthermore, traditional systems generally lack collaborative control and efficient recovery mechanisms, leading to significant water waste and poor control of outlet gas moisture content, affecting subsequent emissions or recycling and limiting the overall environmental friendliness and practicality of the system. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an integrated wet inertial labyrinth water curtain dust removal system with adaptive adjustment under operating conditions, efficient gas-liquid contact, resource recycling, and collaborative stable operation capabilities to improve dust removal efficiency, operational adaptability, and environmental value. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an inertial wet integrated labyrinth water curtain dust removal system to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an inertial wet integrated labyrinth water curtain dust removal system, comprising the following modules:

[0005] The air intake pretreatment module is used to introduce the exhaust gas to be purified, intercept particulate matter through the filter structure, and guide the airflow into the subsequent modules through the airflow guide structure;

[0006] The labyrinth-style gas-liquid contact dust removal module is connected to the air intake pretreatment module and the intelligent water circulation module. It is equipped with staggered partition walls to form a tortuous flow channel, and is configured with a flow channel width adjustment component, a nozzle angle control unit and a dust concentration detection element. It works with the atomizing nozzle group to form a continuous water curtain. Based on the exhaust gas flow rate and dust concentration, the flow channel width and nozzle angle are dynamically adapted to achieve inertial collision capture of dust and droplets.

[0007] The dual demisting module is connected to the labyrinth-type gas-liquid contact dust removal module. Along the airflow direction, a baffle demisting structure and a wire mesh demisting structure are arranged in sequence to intercept mist droplets in layers to reduce the moisture content of the outlet gas.

[0008] The intelligent water circulation module is connected to the dual demisting module. It recovers the spray liquid and intercepts droplets, and after water quality monitoring, automatic sewage discharge and water replenishment, it is circulated to the atomizing nozzle group.

[0009] The collaborative control module collects operating parameters through sensors, adjusts the operating status of relevant components, triggers fault alarms, and ensures stable system operation.

[0010] The exhaust monitoring module, connected to the dual demisting module, is used to detect the dust concentration at the outlet, provide a sampling and verification interface, and ensure stable system operation.

[0011] Preferably, in the air inlet pretreatment module, the mesh size of the filter structure is 1-3mm, with a filtration efficiency of ≥85%, capable of intercepting particulate matter with a diameter of ≥100μm in the exhaust gas, preventing blockage of the internal flow channels or wear of components in subsequent modules; the airflow guiding structure consists of 3-5 arc-shaped guide plates, arranged at equal intervals and staggered in the connection area between the air inlet duct and the labyrinth-type gas-liquid contact dust removal module, with a guiding angle of 30°-45°, guiding the airflow to form a laminar flow state through the arc-shaped curved surface; the inner wall of the air inlet duct is smoothed, and the duct diameter is adapted according to the system design air volume, with an adaptation range of 500-2000mm, ensuring that the airflow resistance inside the duct is ≤50Pa; the airflow uniformity is verified by the flow velocity uniformity formula:

[0012] ,

[0013] In the formula, For airflow velocity uniformity, The maximum flow velocity at the cross-section of the flow channel. The minimum flow velocity at the cross-section of the flow channel. The average flow velocity of the channel cross section, when At the same time, it provides a stable and uniform airflow input for the labyrinth-type gas-liquid contact dust removal module.

[0014] Preferably, the labyrinthine gas-liquid contact dust removal module has staggered partition walls with a thickness of 8-12mm and an adjacent partition wall spacing of 300-500mm. The staggered arrangement forms a tortuous flow channel, with a total channel length 3-4 times the horizontal projected length of the equipment, extending the airflow residence time within the cavity. The flow channel width adjustment component consists of a drive mechanism and movable partition walls, with an adjustment stroke of 200-400mm, an adjustment accuracy of ≤±2mm, and an adaptability range covering 0.5-3m. 3The exhaust gas flow rate is [value] / s. When the exhaust gas flow rate increases, the movable partition wall moves outward to widen the flow channel and reduce the airflow velocity; when the exhaust gas flow rate decreases, the movable partition wall moves inward to narrow the flow channel and maintain a stable airflow velocity. The nozzle angle control unit has an adjustment range of 0-60° and a response delay of ≤500ms. The atomization angle can be adjusted based on feedback data from the dust concentration detection element. The dust capture efficiency is calculated using the inertial impaction dust removal formula.

[0015] ,

[0016] ,

[0017] In the formula, Let k be the dust capture efficiency, t be the gas contact coefficient, t be the gas-liquid contact time, and L be the total length of the flow channel. The average airflow velocity is denoted as .

[0018] Preferably, in the labyrinth-type gas-liquid contact dust removal module, precise adaptation is achieved through the linkage logic between the dust concentration detection element, the flow channel width adjustment component, and the nozzle angle control unit; when the inlet dust concentration is detected to be ≥500mg / m³, the module will be able to achieve the desired effect. 3 When the nozzle angle control unit automatically adjusts the atomization angle from the base value of 30° to 45°-60°, the flow channel width adjustment component adapts the flow channel width to 1.2 times the current flow rate, extending the gas-liquid contact path; when the dust concentration is 200-500mg / m³ 3 When the atomization angle is maintained between 30° and 45°, the flow channel width should be adapted to 1.1 times the flow rate; when the dust concentration is <200mg / m³ 3 When the atomization angle is adjusted to 15°-30°, the flow channel width is adapted to the actual flow rate, which reduces energy and water consumption while ensuring dust removal effect; the dynamic adaptation mechanism has a response time of ≤1s, ensuring that the system can quickly adjust to the optimal operating state under complex working conditions.

[0019] Preferably, in the labyrinthine gas-liquid contact dust removal module, dust concentration detection elements are deployed at the inlet and outlet of the flow channel to form a comparative monitoring of the inlet and outlet gas concentrations, with a detection range of 0-1000 mg / m³. 3 Detection accuracy ±10mg / m 3The data update frequency is ≥1Hz, capturing real-time dynamic changes in dust concentration and transmitting them to the collaborative control module; the atomizing nozzles are arranged in a matrix at the top of the cavity, with a nozzle spacing of 300-400mm, ensuring a continuous water curtain without dead angles within the flow channel; the nozzle working pressure is stable at 0.3-0.5MPa, the atomization rate of a single nozzle is 5-10L / h, and the droplet size after atomization is 50-100μm; the bottom of the cavity is equipped with a 3°-5° inclined liquid collection slope with a smooth surface treatment; a liquid guide port is provided at the lowest point of the liquid collection slope, connected to the return water pipeline of the intelligent water circulation module; the spray liquid return efficiency is ≥98%, and the return efficiency calculation formula is:

[0020] ,

[0021] In the formula, For spray liquid reflux efficiency, The volume of liquid returning to the circulating water tank. This represents the total spray volume of the nozzle.

[0022] Preferably, the dual demisting module adopts a layered interception architecture of "coarse demisting - fine demisting". The thickness of the baffle demisting structure is 2-3mm, the spacing between the baffles is 50-80mm, and the tilt angle is 45°. When the misty airflow passes through, it undergoes multiple turns. Under the action of inertial force, the mist droplets collide with the plate wall and converge to drip down. The interception efficiency for mist droplets with a particle size ≥50μm is ≥85%. The thickness of the wire mesh demisting structure is 150-200mm, and the porosity is 80%-85%. Through the interweaving of multiple layers of wire mesh, an interception network is formed, which adsorbs and converges tiny mist droplets to drip down. The interception efficiency for mist droplets with a particle size ≥10μm is ≥95%. The total efficiency of the dual demisting module satisfies the superposition formula.

[0023] ,

[0024] In the formula, For the overall efficiency of dual demisting, To improve the demisting efficiency of the baffle plate, To improve the defogging efficiency of the wire mesh, the following requirements are required. Ensure that the moisture content of the outlet gas is ≤5%; the overall operating resistance of the demisting module is ≤300Pa, and a differential pressure monitoring interface is reserved to monitor the pressure difference before and after the demisting structure in real time. When the pressure difference exceeds the preset threshold, a maintenance prompt is triggered.

[0025] Preferably, the intelligent water circulation module adopts a closed-loop design of "recycling-treatment-circulation", and the effective volume of the circulating water tank is 1-5m³. 3It is adaptable to an ambient temperature range of -10℃ to 40℃ and can operate stably under different climatic conditions. The water quality monitoring components include a suspended solids concentration sensor, a pH sensor, and a conductivity sensor. The suspended solids concentration sensor has a detection accuracy of ±5mg / L, and the pH sensor has a detection range of 2-12 and an accuracy of ±0.1pH, enabling real-time monitoring of the spray liquid water quality. The automatic drain valve has a nominal diameter of 50-100mm and a working pressure range of 0.1-1.0MPa. When the suspended solids concentration exceeds the standard or the pH value exceeds the normal range, the control module commands the drain valve to open, with a single drain volume of 10%-20% of the tank volume. The water supply valve is linked to the level sensor, automatically replenishing water to the set level when the water level in the tank is lower than the preset lower limit. The water resource utilization rate is ≥90%, calculated using the following formula:

[0026] ,

[0027] In the formula, For water resource utilization rate, For the volume of spray liquid to be recycled, This represents the total volume of spray liquid consumed.

[0028] Preferably, the collaborative control module uses a PLC controller as the core control unit, with an operation response time of ≤1s. The PLC controller is equipped with no less than 16 analog input interfaces, 12 analog output interfaces, 24 digital input interfaces, and 16 digital output interfaces, supports Modbus and Profinet industrial communication protocols, and communicates stably with the sensors and actuators of each module. It has a built-in collaborative control algorithm that automatically adjusts parameters such as flow channel width, nozzle angle, fan speed, drain valve switch, and water supply valve switch based on real-time data collected by the sensors, with a total response delay of ≤0.6s. It has a fault self-diagnosis function, and when a sensor fault, actuator fault, or parameter abnormality is detected, it immediately issues an audible and visual alarm, displays the fault type, location, and handling suggestions, and automatically records the fault information.

[0029] Preferably, in the exhaust monitoring module, the online dust concentration monitor has a detection range of 0-100 mg / m³. 3 Detection accuracy ±5mg / m 3 Monitoring data is transmitted to the collaborative control module and remote monitoring platform via RS485 or Ethernet interface; a DN50 sampling and verification interface with a sealing valve is installed on the side of the air outlet duct to facilitate manual periodic sampling and verification of monitoring data; a rain cap and an anti-backflow device are installed at the end of the air outlet duct. The rain cap prevents rainwater from entering the duct and causing equipment corrosion, and the anti-backflow device prevents outside air or debris from flowing back; the outlet dust emission concentration is ≤10mg / m³. 3 Verification via formula:

[0030] ,

[0031] In the formula, The concentration of dust at the outlet. The concentration of dust at the inlet. For the system's dust removal efficiency, This refers to the pipeline leakage rate.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0033] The airflow equalization and particulate matter pretreatment design of the inlet air pretreatment module lays a stable foundation. The labyrinth-type gas-liquid contact dust removal module adopts a dynamic adaptation architecture, integrating parameter adaptive adjustment functions based on dust concentration and exhaust gas flow rate, as well as a collaborative control mechanism for flow channel width and nozzle angle. It has the ability to respond quickly to complex working conditions, improving the system's dust removal adaptability, working condition adaptability, and operating efficiency, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional dust removal systems such as poor adaptability and large efficiency fluctuations. At the same time, the intelligent water circulation module's closed-loop recycling and water quality control mechanism realizes the efficient recycling of spray liquid. The collaborative control module ensures system stability through real-time parameter acquisition, adaptive adjustment, and fault self-diagnosis. The dual demisting module and the outlet air monitoring module ensure that the outlet gas quality meets the standards. Finally, a complete operating system from pretreatment, dust removal, recycling to monitoring is formed, comprehensively improving the system's environmental protection, reliability, and practical value. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of an inertial wet integrated labyrinth water curtain dust removal system. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Please see Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: an inertial wet integrated labyrinth water curtain dust removal system, comprising the following modules:

[0037] The air intake pretreatment module is used to introduce the exhaust gas to be purified, intercept particulate matter through the filter structure, and guide the airflow into the subsequent modules through the airflow guide structure;

[0038] The labyrinth-style gas-liquid contact dust removal module is connected to the air intake pretreatment module and the intelligent water circulation module. It is equipped with staggered partition walls to form a tortuous flow channel, and is configured with a flow channel width adjustment component, a nozzle angle control unit and a dust concentration detection element. It works with the atomizing nozzle group to form a continuous water curtain. Based on the exhaust gas flow rate and dust concentration, the flow channel width and nozzle angle are dynamically adapted to achieve inertial collision capture of dust and droplets.

[0039] The dual demisting module is connected to the labyrinth-type gas-liquid contact dust removal module. Along the airflow direction, a baffle demisting structure and a wire mesh demisting structure are arranged in sequence to intercept mist droplets in layers to reduce the moisture content of the outlet gas.

[0040] The intelligent water circulation module is connected to the dual demisting module. It recovers the spray liquid and intercepts droplets, and after water quality monitoring, automatic sewage discharge and water replenishment, it is circulated to the atomizing nozzle group.

[0041] The collaborative control module collects operating parameters through sensors, adjusts the operating status of relevant components, triggers fault alarms, and ensures stable system operation.

[0042] The exhaust monitoring module, connected to the dual demisting module, is used to detect the dust concentration at the outlet, provide a sampling and verification interface, and ensure stable system operation.

[0043] Furthermore, in the air intake pretreatment module, the filter structure has a mesh size of 1-3mm and a filtration efficiency of ≥85%, capable of intercepting particles with a diameter of ≥100μm in the exhaust gas, preventing blockage of the internal flow channels or wear of components in subsequent modules; the airflow guiding structure consists of 3-5 arc-shaped guide plates, arranged at equal intervals and staggered in the connection area between the air intake duct and the labyrinth-type gas-liquid contact dust removal module, with a guiding angle of 30°-45°, guiding the airflow to form a laminar flow state through the arc-shaped curved surface; the inner wall of the air intake duct is smoothed, and the duct diameter is adapted according to the system design air volume, with an adaptation range of 500-2000mm, ensuring that the airflow resistance inside the duct is ≤50Pa; the airflow uniformity is verified by the flow velocity uniformity formula:

[0044] ,

[0045] In the formula, For airflow velocity uniformity, The maximum flow velocity at the cross-section of the flow channel. The minimum flow velocity at the cross-section of the flow channel. The average flow velocity of the channel cross section, when At the same time, it provides a stable and uniform airflow input for the labyrinth-type gas-liquid contact dust removal module.

[0046] Furthermore, the labyrinth-style gas-liquid contact dust removal module features staggered partition walls with a thickness of 8-12mm and an adjacent partition wall spacing controlled at 300-500mm. This staggered arrangement forms a tortuous flow channel, with the total channel length being 3-4 times the horizontal projected length of the equipment, extending the airflow residence time within the cavity. The flow channel width adjustment component consists of a drive mechanism and movable partition walls, with an adjustment stroke of 200-400mm, an adjustment accuracy of ≤±2mm, and an adaptability range covering 0.5-3m. 3 The exhaust gas flow rate is [value] / s. When the exhaust gas flow rate increases, the movable partition wall moves outward to widen the flow channel and reduce the airflow velocity; when the exhaust gas flow rate decreases, the movable partition wall moves inward to narrow the flow channel and maintain a stable airflow velocity. The nozzle angle control unit has an adjustment range of 0-60° and a response delay of ≤500ms. The atomization angle can be adjusted based on feedback data from the dust concentration detection element. The dust capture efficiency is calculated using the inertial impaction dust removal formula.

[0047] ,

[0048] ,

[0049] In the formula, Let k be the dust capture efficiency, t be the gas contact coefficient, t be the gas-liquid contact time, and L be the total length of the flow channel. The average airflow velocity is denoted as .

[0050] Furthermore, in the labyrinth-type gas-liquid contact dust removal module, precise adaptation is achieved through the linkage logic between the dust concentration detection element, the flow channel width adjustment component, and the nozzle angle control unit; when the inlet dust concentration is detected to be ≥500mg / m³, the module will respond accordingly. 3 When the nozzle angle control unit automatically adjusts the atomization angle from the base value of 30° to 45°-60°, the flow channel width adjustment component adapts the flow channel width to 1.2 times the current flow rate, extending the gas-liquid contact path; when the dust concentration is 200-500mg / m³ 3 When the atomization angle is maintained between 30° and 45°, the flow channel width should be adapted to 1.1 times the flow rate; when the dust concentration is <200mg / m³ 3 At this time, the atomization angle is adjusted to 15°-30°, and the flow channel width is adapted to the actual flow rate, reducing energy and water consumption while ensuring dust removal effect; the dynamic adaptation mechanism has a response time of ≤1s, ensuring that the system can quickly adjust to the optimal operating state under complex working conditions; the dust concentration classification threshold is set based on the common concentration range of industrial waste gas, ≥500mg / m³ 3 For high-concentration operating conditions, 200-500 mg / m³ 3 For medium concentration operating conditions, <200mg / m³ 3For low-concentration operating conditions; in the linkage logic, flow detection is achieved through a flow sensor inside the pipeline, which is synchronously transmitted to the collaborative control module along with dust concentration detection data, with a synchronization error ≤50ms; in this embodiment, when the inlet dust concentration is 550mg / m³ 3 (At high concentrations) adjust the atomization angle to 50° and adapt the flow channel width to 1.2 times the current flow rate; concentration 320mg / m³ 3 (At medium concentrations) maintain an angle of 38° and adapt the flow channel width to 1.1 times; concentration 180 mg / m 3 (At low concentrations) the angle is adjusted to 25°, the flow channel width is adapted to the actual flow rate, and the dynamic adaptation mechanism has a response time of 0.8s, which meets the requirement of ≤1s.

[0051] Furthermore, in the labyrinth-type gas-liquid contact dust removal module, dust concentration detection elements are deployed at the inlet and outlet of the flow channel to form a comparative monitoring of the inlet and outlet gas concentrations, with a detection range of 0-1000 mg / m³. 3 Detection accuracy ±10mg / m 3 The data update frequency is ≥1Hz, capturing real-time dynamic changes in dust concentration and transmitting them to the collaborative control module; the atomizing nozzles are arranged in a matrix at the top of the cavity, with a nozzle spacing of 300-400mm, ensuring a continuous water curtain without dead angles within the flow channel; the nozzle working pressure is stable at 0.3-0.5MPa, the atomization rate of a single nozzle is 5-10L / h, and the droplet size after atomization is 50-100μm; the bottom of the cavity is equipped with a 3°-5° inclined liquid collection slope with a smooth surface treatment; a liquid guide port is provided at the lowest point of the liquid collection slope, connected to the return water pipeline of the intelligent water circulation module; the spray liquid return efficiency is ≥98%, and the return efficiency calculation formula is:

[0052] ,

[0053] In the formula, For spray liquid reflux efficiency, The volume of liquid returning to the circulating water tank. The total spray volume of the nozzles is specified. A laser scattering sensor is used for dust concentration detection. The inlet sensor is installed 500mm from the dust removal module in the inlet duct, and the outlet sensor is installed 500mm from the dust removal module in the outlet duct. Data is transmitted via an RS485 interface with an update frequency of 1Hz. The spacing between atomizing nozzles is adapted to the atomization radius: 300mm for atomization radii of 150-200mm, and 400mm for atomization radii of 200-250mm. The working pressure is adjusted according to the droplet size requirements: 0.3-0.4MPa for 50-70μm droplets, and 0.4-0.5MPa for 70-100μm droplets. The inclination angle of the collection slope is selected according to the medium viscosity: 3°-4° for clean water spraying and 4°-5° for spraying with additives. The surface is treated with a PTFE coating to improve smoothness.

[0054] Furthermore, the dual demisting module adopts a layered interception architecture of "coarse demisting - fine demisting". The thickness of the baffle demisting structure is 2-3mm, the spacing between the baffles is 50-80mm, and the tilt angle is 45°. When the mist-laden airflow passes through, it undergoes multiple turns. Under the action of inertial force, the mist droplets collide with the plate wall and converge to drip off. The interception efficiency for mist droplets with a particle size ≥50μm is ≥85%. The thickness of the wire mesh demisting structure is 150-200mm, and the porosity is 80%-85%. Through the interweaving of multiple layers of wire mesh, an interception network is formed, which adsorbs and converges tiny mist droplets to drip off. The interception efficiency for mist droplets with a particle size ≥10μm is ≥95%. The total efficiency of the dual demisting module satisfies the superposition formula:

[0055] ,

[0056] In the formula, For the overall efficiency of dual demisting, To improve the demisting efficiency of the baffle plate, To improve the defogging efficiency of the wire mesh, the following requirements are required. Ensure the moisture content of the outlet gas is ≤5%; the overall operating resistance of the demisting module is ≤300Pa, with a reserved differential pressure monitoring interface to monitor the pressure difference before and after the demisting structure in real time, triggering a maintenance prompt when the pressure difference exceeds the preset threshold; the thickness of the baffle demisting structure is selected according to the equipment pressure level, 2mm for low-pressure conditions (≤5kPa) and 3mm for medium-high pressure conditions (>5kPa); the spacing is adapted to the droplet size, 50-65mm for 50-100μm droplets and 65-80mm for 100-200μm droplets; the thickness of the wire mesh demisting structure is adjusted according to the moisture content requirements, 150-180mm for 3%-5% moisture content and 180-200mm for 5%-8% moisture content.

[0057] Furthermore, the intelligent water circulation module adopts a closed-loop design of "recycling-treatment-circulation", with an effective volume of 1-5m³ for the circulating water tank. 3 It is adaptable to an ambient temperature range of -10℃ to 40℃ and can operate stably under different climatic conditions. The water quality monitoring components include a suspended solids concentration sensor, a pH sensor, and a conductivity sensor. The suspended solids concentration sensor has a detection accuracy of ±5mg / L, and the pH sensor has a detection range of 2-12 and an accuracy of ±0.1pH, enabling real-time monitoring of the spray liquid water quality. The automatic drain valve has a nominal diameter of 50-100mm and a working pressure range of 0.1-1.0MPa. When the suspended solids concentration exceeds the standard or the pH value exceeds the normal range, the control module commands the drain valve to open, with a single drain volume of 10%-20% of the tank volume. The water supply valve is linked to the level sensor, automatically replenishing water to the set level when the water level in the tank is lower than the preset lower limit. The water resource utilization rate is ≥90%, calculated using the following formula:

[0058] ,

[0059] In the formula, For water resource utilization rate, For the volume of spray liquid to be recycled, This represents the total volume of spray liquid consumed.

[0060] Furthermore, the collaborative control module uses a PLC controller as the core control unit, with an operation response time of ≤1s. The PLC controller is equipped with no less than 16 analog input interfaces, 12 analog output interfaces, 24 digital input interfaces, and 16 digital output interfaces, supporting Modbus and Profinet industrial communication protocols, and ensuring stable communication with the sensors and actuators of each module. It has a built-in collaborative control algorithm that automatically adjusts parameters such as flow channel width, nozzle angle, fan speed, drain valve switch, and water supply valve switch based on real-time data collected by sensors, with a total response delay of ≤0.6s. It also features self-diagnosis of faults. The system features the ability to immediately issue audible and visual alarms when sensor, actuator, or parameter abnormalities are detected, displaying the fault type, location, and handling suggestions, and automatically recording fault information. The collaborative control algorithm employs PID control logic, setting dedicated adjustment coefficients for different parameters: a flow channel width adjustment coefficient of 0.8, a nozzle angle adjustment coefficient of 0.9, a fan speed adjustment coefficient of 1.0, and a total response delay of 0.5 seconds. The self-diagnostic function covers three types of faults: sensor disconnection, actuator jamming, and parameter over-range. The audible and visual alarms use a red LED light and a buzzer. Fault information is stored in the PLC's built-in memory and can be exported via USB flash drive.

[0061] Furthermore, in the exhaust monitoring module, the online dust concentration monitor has a detection range of 0-100 mg / m³. 3 Detection accuracy ±5mg / m 3 Monitoring data is transmitted to the collaborative control module and remote monitoring platform via RS485 or Ethernet interface; a DN50 sampling and verification interface with a sealing valve is installed on the side of the air outlet duct to facilitate manual periodic sampling and verification of monitoring data; a rain cap and an anti-backflow device are installed at the end of the air outlet duct. The rain cap prevents rainwater from entering the duct and causing equipment corrosion, and the anti-backflow device prevents outside air or debris from flowing back; the outlet dust emission concentration is ≤10mg / m³. 3 Verification via formula:

[0062] ,

[0063] In the formula, The concentration of dust at the outlet. The concentration of dust at the inlet. For the system's dust removal efficiency, For pipeline leakage rate; the online dust concentration monitor uses a laser scattering type, with a detection range of 0-100 mg / m³. 3Accuracy ±5mg / m 3 Data transmission should prioritize Ethernet interface; if Ethernet is unavailable, use RS485 interface. The sampling and verification interface should be installed on the horizontal section of the outlet duct, at least 1.5m from any bend. A ball valve with a pressure rating of at least 1.0MPa should be used for sealing to ensure leak-free sampling. The rain cap should have an umbrella-shaped structure, and the backflow prevention device should be a one-way valve with an opening pressure ≤50Pa and a closing seal ≥99%. Pipeline leakage rate... The requirement is ≤0.5% when tested using the pressure decay method.

[0064] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0065] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An inertial wet integrated labyrinth water curtain dust removal system, characterized in that, Includes the following modules: The air intake pretreatment module is used to introduce the exhaust gas to be purified, intercept particulate matter through the filter structure, and guide the airflow into the subsequent modules through the airflow guide structure; The labyrinth-style gas-liquid contact dust removal module is connected to the air intake pretreatment module and the intelligent water circulation module. It is equipped with staggered partition walls to form a tortuous flow channel, and is configured with a flow channel width adjustment component, a nozzle angle control unit and a dust concentration detection element. It works with the atomizing nozzle group to form a continuous water curtain. Based on the exhaust gas flow rate and dust concentration, the flow channel width and nozzle angle are dynamically adapted to achieve inertial collision capture of dust and droplets. The dual demisting module is connected to the labyrinth-type gas-liquid contact dust removal module. Along the airflow direction, a baffle demisting structure and a wire mesh demisting structure are arranged in sequence to intercept mist droplets in layers to reduce the moisture content of the outlet gas. The intelligent water circulation module is connected to the dual demisting module. It recovers the spray liquid and intercepts droplets, and after water quality monitoring, automatic sewage discharge and water replenishment, it is circulated to the atomizing nozzle group. The collaborative control module collects operating parameters through sensors, adjusts the operating status of relevant components, triggers fault alarms, and ensures stable system operation. The exhaust monitoring module, connected to the dual demisting module, is used to detect the dust concentration at the outlet, provide a sampling and verification interface, and ensure stable system operation.

2. The inertial wet integrated labyrinth water curtain dust removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the air intake pretreatment module, the filter structure has a mesh size of 1-3mm and a filtration efficiency of ≥85%, capable of intercepting particles with a diameter ≥100μm in the exhaust gas, preventing blockage of the internal flow channels or wear of components in subsequent modules; the airflow guiding structure consists of 3-5 arc-shaped guide plates, arranged at equal intervals and staggered in the connection area between the air intake duct and the labyrinth-type gas-liquid contact dust removal module, with a guiding angle of 30°-45°, guiding the airflow to form a laminar flow state through the arc-shaped curved surface; the inner wall of the air intake duct is smoothed, and the duct diameter is adapted according to the system design air volume, with an adaptation range of 500-2000mm, ensuring that the airflow resistance inside the duct is ≤50Pa; the airflow uniformity is verified by the flow velocity uniformity formula: ， In the formula, For airflow velocity uniformity, The maximum flow velocity at the cross-section of the flow channel. The minimum flow velocity at the cross-section of the flow channel. The average flow velocity of the channel cross section, when At the same time, it provides a stable and uniform airflow input for the labyrinth-type gas-liquid contact dust removal module.

3. The inertial wet integrated labyrinth water curtain dust removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The labyrinthine gas-liquid contact dust removal module features staggered partition walls with a thickness of 8-12mm and a spacing of 300-500mm between adjacent walls. This staggered arrangement forms a tortuous flow channel, with a total channel length 3-4 times the horizontal projected length of the equipment, extending the airflow residence time within the cavity. The flow channel width adjustment component consists of a drive mechanism and movable partition walls, with an adjustment stroke of 200-400mm, an adjustment accuracy of ≤±2mm, and an adaptability range covering 0.5-3m. 3 The exhaust gas flow rate is [value] / s. When the exhaust gas flow rate increases, the movable partition wall moves outward to widen the flow channel and reduce the airflow velocity; when the exhaust gas flow rate decreases, the movable partition wall moves inward to narrow the flow channel and maintain a stable airflow velocity. The nozzle angle control unit has an adjustment range of 0-60° and a response delay of ≤500ms. The atomization angle can be adjusted based on feedback data from the dust concentration detection element. The dust capture efficiency is calculated using the inertial impaction dust removal formula. ， ， In the formula, Let k be the dust capture efficiency, t be the gas contact coefficient, t be the gas-liquid contact time, and L be the total length of the flow channel. The average airflow velocity is denoted as .

4. The inertial wet integrated labyrinth water curtain dust removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the labyrinthine gas-liquid contact dust removal module, precise adaptation is achieved through the linkage logic between the dust concentration detection element, the flow channel width adjustment component, and the nozzle angle control unit; when the inlet dust concentration is detected to be ≥500mg / m³, the module will respond accordingly. 3 When the nozzle angle control unit automatically adjusts the atomization angle from the base value of 30° to 45°-60°, the flow channel width adjustment component adapts the flow channel width to 1.2 times the current flow rate, extending the gas-liquid contact path; when the dust concentration is 200-500mg / m³ 3 When the atomization angle is maintained between 30° and 45°, the flow channel width should be adapted to 1.1 times the flow rate; when the dust concentration is <200mg / m³ 3 When the atomization angle is adjusted to 15°-30°, the flow channel width is adapted to the actual flow rate, which reduces energy and water consumption while ensuring dust removal effect; the dynamic adaptation mechanism has a response time of ≤1s, ensuring that the system can quickly adjust to the optimal operating state under complex working conditions.

5. The inertial wet integrated labyrinth water curtain dust removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the labyrinthine gas-liquid contact dust removal module, dust concentration detection elements are deployed at the inlet and outlet of the flow channel to form a comparative monitoring of the inlet and outlet gas concentrations, with a detection range of 0-1000 mg / m³. 3 Detection accuracy ±10mg / m 3 The data update frequency is ≥1Hz, capturing real-time dynamic changes in dust concentration and transmitting them to the collaborative control module; the atomizing nozzles are arranged in a matrix at the top of the cavity, with a nozzle spacing of 300-400mm, ensuring a continuous water curtain without dead angles within the flow channel; the nozzle working pressure is stable at 0.3-0.5MPa, the atomization rate of a single nozzle is 5-10L / h, and the droplet size after atomization is 50-100μm; the bottom of the cavity is equipped with a 3°-5° inclined liquid collection slope with a smooth surface treatment; a liquid guide port is provided at the lowest point of the liquid collection slope, connected to the return water pipeline of the intelligent water circulation module; the spray liquid return efficiency is ≥98%, and the return efficiency calculation formula is: ， In the formula, For spray liquid reflux efficiency, The volume of liquid returning to the circulating water tank. This represents the total spray volume of the nozzle.

6. The inertial wet integrated labyrinth water curtain dust removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual demisting module adopts a layered interception architecture of "coarse demisting - fine demisting". The baffle demisting structure has a plate thickness of 2-3mm, a baffle spacing of 50-80mm, and an inclination angle of 45°. When the misty airflow passes through it, it undergoes multiple turns. Under the action of inertial force, the mist droplets collide with the plate wall and converge to drip off. The interception efficiency for mist droplets with a particle size ≥50μm is ≥85%. The wire mesh demisting structure has a thickness of 150-200mm and a porosity of 80%-85%. Through the interweaving of multiple layers of wire mesh, an interception network is formed, which adsorbs and converges tiny mist droplets to drip off. The interception efficiency for mist droplets with a particle size ≥10μm is ≥95%. The total efficiency of the dual demisting module satisfies the superposition formula: ， In the formula, For the overall efficiency of dual demisting, To improve the demisting efficiency of the baffle plate, To improve the defogging efficiency of the wire mesh, the following requirements are required. Ensure that the moisture content of the outlet gas is ≤5%; the overall operating resistance of the demisting module is ≤300Pa, and a differential pressure monitoring interface is reserved to monitor the pressure difference before and after the demisting structure in real time. When the pressure difference exceeds the preset threshold, a maintenance prompt is triggered.

7. The inertial wet integrated labyrinth water curtain dust removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent water circulation module adopts a closed-loop design of "recycling-treatment-circulation", and the effective volume of the circulating water tank is 1-5m³. 3 It is adaptable to an ambient temperature range of -10℃ to 40℃ and can operate stably under different climatic conditions. The water quality monitoring components include a suspended solids concentration sensor, a pH sensor, and a conductivity sensor. The suspended solids concentration sensor has a detection accuracy of ±5mg / L, and the pH sensor has a detection range of 2-12 and an accuracy of ±0.1pH, enabling real-time monitoring of the spray liquid water quality. The automatic drain valve has a nominal diameter of 50-100mm and a working pressure range of 0.1-1.0MPa. When the suspended solids concentration exceeds the standard or the pH value exceeds the normal range, the control module commands the drain valve to open, with a single drain volume of 10%-20% of the tank volume. The water supply valve is linked to the level sensor, automatically replenishing water to the set level when the water level in the tank is lower than the preset lower limit. The water resource utilization rate is ≥90%, calculated using the following formula: ， In the formula, For water resource utilization rate, For the volume of spray liquid to be recycled, This represents the total volume of spray liquid consumed.

8. The inertial wet integrated labyrinth water curtain dust removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collaborative control module uses a PLC controller as the core control unit, with an operation response time of ≤1s. The PLC controller is equipped with no less than 16 analog input interfaces, 12 analog output interfaces, 24 digital input interfaces, and 16 digital output interfaces, supporting Modbus and Profinet industrial communication protocols, and communicating stably with the sensors and actuators of each module. It has a built-in collaborative control algorithm that automatically adjusts parameters such as flow channel width, nozzle angle, fan speed, drain valve switch, and water supply valve switch based on real-time data collected by the sensors, with a total response delay of ≤0.6s. It has a fault self-diagnosis function, and when a sensor fault, actuator fault, or parameter abnormality is detected, it immediately issues an audible and visual alarm, displays the fault type, location, and handling suggestions, and automatically records the fault information.

9. The inertial wet integrated labyrinth water curtain dust removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the exhaust monitoring module, the online dust concentration monitor has a detection range of 0-100 mg / m³. 3 Detection accuracy ±5mg / m 3 Monitoring data is transmitted to the collaborative control module and remote monitoring platform via RS485 or Ethernet interface; a DN50 sampling and verification interface with a sealing valve is installed on the side of the air outlet duct to facilitate manual periodic sampling and verification of monitoring data; a rain cap and an anti-backflow device are installed at the end of the air outlet duct. The rain cap prevents rainwater from entering the duct and causing equipment corrosion, and the anti-backflow device prevents outside air or debris from flowing back; the outlet dust emission concentration is ≤10mg / m³. 3 Verification via formula: ， In the formula, The concentration of dust at the outlet. The concentration of dust at the inlet. For the system's dust removal efficiency, This refers to the pipeline leakage rate.

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