Workpiece fixing mechanism for turning aero-engine flange plate

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of flange plate machining tools, in particular to a workpiece fixing mechanism for aero-engine flange plate turning, which comprises a chuck, a mounting assembly, a connecting assembly, a clamping seat and a positioning assembly, three clamping jaws are arranged at the top of the chuck, and the mounting assembly is detachably mounted at the top of the chuck through the connecting assembly; the three clamping seats are correspondingly and fixedly connected to the tops of the three clamping jaws through bolts respectively; the step-shaped clamping groove of the clamping seat can be directly matched with flange plates of different sizes, the positioning seat can be replaced by being matched with the detachable design of the connecting part, the application range of the tool is further expanded, meanwhile, the clamping seat and the positioning seat are driven by the linkage mechanism to perform reverse synchronous action, outer side clamping and inner wall expansion supporting form two-way positioning, and the positioning precision is improved. According to the double-end turning clamp, deviation and deformation in the turning process of the flange plate can be greatly reduced, the end clamping range can be narrowed, interference to a machining area is avoided, the problem of double-end turning positioning deviation is effectively solved, and the machining precision is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of flange machining tooling technology, specifically a workpiece fixing mechanism for turning aircraft engine flanges. Background Technology

[0002] The flange of an aero-engine is the core connecting carrier of various engine components. It needs to withstand high temperature, high pressure and high frequency vibration, and has extremely stringent requirements for structural strength, sealing performance and dimensional accuracy. In particular, the flatness of the end face, the coaxiality of the inner and outer circles and the accuracy of the connecting holes directly determine the sealing performance and operational stability of the engine after assembly. Since the flange is a typical rotating part, turning has become the core process of flange forming and processing due to its advantage of accurately ensuring the dimensional accuracy, form and position tolerance and surface roughness of rotating parts. It is the essential method to achieve precision machining of the flange end face, inner and outer circles and stepped structure.

[0003] In current flange turning processes, traditional three-jaw chucks are often used to directly clamp the workpiece end. This method limits the clamping range to the end. When turning at one end, a clamping allowance must be reserved for the un-turned end. When turning at both ends and changing the clamping end, the machining accuracy on both sides is easily inconsistent due to secondary positioning deviation, which affects the product qualification rate. In addition, relying solely on unidirectional clamping on the outer side, the flange inner wall has no supporting guide structure, making it difficult to accurately align with the clamping area during clamping. Furthermore, the concentrated force at the end is prone to deformation, reducing the clamping stability during the turning process and thus affecting the machining accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a workpiece fixing mechanism for machining aircraft engine flanges, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a workpiece fixing mechanism for machining aero-engine flanges, comprising a chuck, a mounting assembly, a connecting assembly, a clamping seat, and a positioning assembly, wherein the top of the chuck is provided with three jaws, and the mounting assembly is detachably mounted on the top of the chuck via the connecting assembly; The clamping base is provided in three parts, which are respectively fixedly connected to the top of the three jaws by bolts. Each clamping base has a stepped fan-shaped slot on the top. The positioning component is located inside the mounting component and includes three movable blocks. The three movable blocks are alternately distributed between the three jaws. Each movable block has a positioning seat installed at its end via a connecting component. The mounting assembly is equipped with a linkage mechanism, which drives the clamping seat and the positioning seat to move synchronously in opposite directions, forming a coordinated internal and external clamping.

[0006] Preferably, the mounting assembly includes a limiting plate, a base, and a support plate, wherein the limiting plate and the support plate are detachably mounted on the top of the base by fastening bolts; The limiting plate has a guide groove one, the support plate has a guide groove three, and the base has a guide groove two. The claw passes through the guide groove three and the guide groove two in sequence and slides in cooperation.

[0007] Preferably, a slider is fixedly connected to the bottom of the clamping seat, and the slider is slidably connected to the inner side of the guide groove via a slide rail. The bottom of the bolt passes through the clamping seat and the slider in sequence and is threadedly connected to the claw.

[0008] Preferably, the connecting component includes a connecting block detachably mounted to the end of the movable block, and two guide rods are fixedly connected to the side of the positioning seat near the connecting block. The guide rods pass through and are slidably connected inside the connecting block, and a spring is fixedly installed between the positioning seat and the connecting block.

[0009] Preferably, the spring is sleeved on the outside of the guide rod, the end of the guide rod away from the positioning seat is fixedly connected to a limiting plate, and a circular groove for accommodating the spring is opened on the side of the guide rod near the positioning seat.

[0010] Preferably, the linkage mechanism includes three mounting shafts, gears and racks. The mounting shafts are fixedly connected to the top of the base. The gears are rotatably connected to the outside of the mounting shafts via bearings. The slider and the movable block are both fixedly connected to the gear end. The two racks mesh with the same gear respectively. The bottom of the limiting plate has a mounting groove, and the gears, mounting shafts and racks are all located in the mounting groove.

[0011] Preferably, the connecting assembly includes a connecting sleeve that is slidably connected to the outside of the chuck, the connecting sleeve being fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate, three fixing blocks being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting sleeve, the fixing blocks being slidably connected to the top positioning groove of the chuck, and a locking component being provided at the bottom of the connecting sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, the locking component includes a toothed ring rotatably mounted on the bottom of the connecting sleeve. Inside the connecting sleeve, three locking blocks are slidably connected via limiting blocks. One end of each of the three locking blocks penetrates the inner wall of the connecting sleeve. Three threaded rods are rotatably mounted on the bottom of the connecting sleeve. The threaded rods are threadedly connected to the locking blocks. A drive wheel is fixedly connected to the outer side of each threaded rod. The outer side of the drive wheel has a toothed groove that matches the toothed ring. All drive wheels mesh with the toothed ring.

[0013] Preferably, an annular cavity 311 is formed on the inner side of the bottom of the connecting sleeve 31, and three storage grooves 312 are evenly formed on the upper end of the annular cavity 311 along the circumference of the connecting sleeve 31. A guide groove 313 is formed on the inner wall of the upper end of each storage groove 312.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention has a reasonable structural design and strong functionality, and has the following advantages: 1. The stepped groove of the clamping seat can be directly adapted to flanges of different sizes. With the detachable design of the connecting parts, the positioning seat can be replaced, further expanding the application range of the tooling. At the same time, the clamping seat and the positioning seat are driven to move in opposite directions synchronously by the linkage mechanism. The outer clamping and the inner wall expansion support form bidirectional positioning, which can not only greatly reduce the offset and deformation during flange turning, but also reduce the end clamping range, avoid interference with the machining area, effectively solve the problem of positioning deviation in double-end turning, and ensure machining accuracy.

[0015] 2. The fan-shaped structure of the slot can precisely avoid the flange drilling area, structurally avoiding the risk of interference between the drill bit and the tooling, improving processing safety and workpiece qualification rate; the inclined guide surface on the top of the positioning seat, combined with the spring pre-clamping function, realizes automatic centering of the flange, significantly reducing clamping difficulty and improving clamping efficiency; in addition, the three-layer detachable structure of the mounting components, together with the detachable design of the clamping seat and the positioning seat, facilitates the installation, maintenance and targeted replacement of tooling, and can be quickly adjusted according to processing needs, greatly improving processing flexibility and post-maintenance convenience. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the installation component structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the base structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a bottom view of the limiting plate structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the clamping seat of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the limiting plate of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting component structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection component structure of the present invention; Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 12 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the connecting sleeve of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Chuck; 11. Claw; 2. Mounting assembly; 21. Limiting plate; 22. Base; 23. Support plate; 24. Guide groove one; 25. Guide groove two; 26. Guide groove three; 27. Mounting groove; 3. Connecting assembly; 31. Connecting sleeve; 311. Annular cavity; 312. Storage groove; 313. Guide groove four; 32. Locking component; 321. Gear ring; 322. Locking block; 323. Limiting block 324. Threaded rod; 325. Drive wheel; 33. Fixed block; 4. Clamping seat; 41. Slot; 42. Bolt; 43. Slider; 5. Positioning assembly; 51. Positioning seat; 52. Movable block; 53. Connecting component; 531. Connecting block; 532. Guide rod; 533. Limiting plate; 534. Spring; 535. Circular groove; 54. Gear; 55. Mounting shaft; 56. Rack; 100. Flange. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Please see Figures 1 to 12 The present invention provides a technical solution: a workpiece fixing mechanism for turning aircraft engine flanges, including a chuck 1, a mounting component 2, a connecting component 3, a clamping seat 4, and a positioning component 5; the chuck 1 is an existing three-jaw chuck structure, with three radially movable jaws 11 on its top; the mounting component 2 is detachably mounted on the top of the chuck 1 through the connecting component 3, realizing the modification of the existing three-jaw chuck to meet the stable clamping requirements of the flange 100; There are three clamping seats 4, which are fixedly connected to the top of the three jaws 11 one by one by bolts 42, and move radially synchronously with the jaws 11. Each clamping seat 4 has a slot 41 on its top. The slot 41 is a stepped fan-shaped slot. Its stepped structure can be adapted to the positioning and clamping of flanges 100 with different outer diameter specifications, while avoiding the drilling area of ​​the flange 100, avoiding the collision between the drill bit and the inner wall of the clamping seat 4, and reducing the risk of machining interference. The positioning component 5 is located inside the mounting component 2 and is used to cooperate with the clamping seat 4 to achieve coordinated clamping of the flange 100 inside and outside. At the same time, it provides guidance for the clamping of the flange 100 and ensures that it is accurately aligned between the three clamping seats 4. The positioning component 5 includes three movable blocks 52, which are alternately distributed between the three jaws 11 in pairs, forming a staggered layout with the jaws 11. Each movable block 52 has a positioning seat 51 installed at one end near the center of the chuck 1 through the connecting component 53. All three positioning seats 51 are fan-shaped and have an inclined guide surface on the top. The alternating distribution structure ensures that when the jaws 11 drive the clamping seats 4 to clamp the outside of the flange 100, the movable blocks 52 drive the positioning seats 51 to simultaneously abut against the inner wall of the flange 100. The inclined guide surface can guide the flange 100 to automatically center and accurately fall into the clamping position, reducing clamping deviation.

[0020] Mounting assembly 2 includes a limiting plate 21, a base 22, and a support plate 23, forming a three-layer detachable structure. The support plate 23 is detachably mounted to the bottom of the base 22 via fastening bolts, and the limiting plate 21 is also detachably mounted to the top of the base 22 via fastening bolts, facilitating the installation, maintenance, and replacement of the positioning assembly 5. The upper surface of the limiting plate 21 has a guide groove 1 24, and the upper surface of the support plate 23 has a guide groove 3 26. Both guide groove 1 24 and guide groove 3 26 consist of a central circular hole and three radial straight grooves, with the inner ends of the three straight grooves communicating with the central circular hole. The upper surface of the base 22 has a guide groove 25, which consists of a central circular hole and six radial straight grooves, with the six straight grooves evenly distributed outside the central circular hole. The straight grooves of guide groove 1 24, guide groove 25, and guide groove 3 26 are positioned correspondingly, and the straight grooves on guide groove 25 are three of the six that are spaced apart, thus forming a through guide channel. The top of the claw 11 passes through the guide groove 26 of the support plate 23 and the guide groove 25 of the base 22 in sequence. It is slidably installed in the straight groove of the guide groove, which not only limits and guides the movement of the claw 11, but also stably connects to the clamping seat 4 through the bolt 42, ensuring the coaxiality and stability of the clamping seat 4 when it moves with the claw 11. The movable block 52 is slidably installed in the guide groove 25 of the base 22, corresponding to the three straight grooves in the six straight grooves in which the claw 11 is not installed. It is alternately distributed with the claw 11, ensuring the stability of the movement of the movable block 52 while realizing the precise cooperation between the positioning seat 51 and the clamping seat 4.

[0021] A slider 43 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the clamping seat 4. The slider 43 is slidably connected to the inner side of the guide groove 24 of the limiting plate 21 via a slide rail, which further improves the stability of the radial movement of the clamping seat 4. The bottom of the bolt 42 passes through the clamping seat 4 and the slider 43 in sequence and is threadedly connected to the top of the claw 11, so as to realize the detachable fixation of the clamping seat 4 on the claw 11, while ensuring that the claw 11 can stably drive the clamping seat 4 to move synchronously.

[0022] The connecting component 53 includes a connecting block 531, a guide rod 532, a limiting plate 533, and a spring 534. The connecting block 531 is detachably installed at the end of the movable block 52 by a fastening bolt. The connecting block 531 and the positioning seat 51 can be replaced according to the inner wall size of the flange 100. Two parallel guide rods 532 are fixedly connected to one end of the positioning seat 51 near the connecting block 531. The guide rods 532 pass through and slide inside the connecting block 531. The spring 534 is sleeved on the outside of the guide rods 532. The two ends of the spring 534 abut against the positioning seat 51 and the connecting block 531 respectively to prevent the guide rods 532 from bending during compression. At the same time, the elastic force of the spring 534 allows the positioning seat 51 to pre-clamp the flange 100 in the initial position, achieving guidance and centering while preventing the flange 100 from being misaligned during clamping. Initially, spring 534 is in its naturally extended state. Under the action of the elastic force of spring 534, positioning seat 51 is pushed to the side away from connecting block 531. The three positioning seats 51 together form an initial support area that matches the center hole of flange 100, and the inclined guide surface on the top of positioning seat 51 faces upward, facilitating the quick insertion of flange 100. When clamping flange 100, the operator places flange 100 in the area enclosed by the three positioning seats 51. The bottom of flange 100 contacts the inclined guide surface on the top of positioning seat 51. Under its own weight and slight downward pressure, flange 100 slides down the inclined guide surface, simultaneously squeezing the three positioning seats 51, causing the positioning seats 51 to move towards connecting block 531. Guide rod 532 slides along the inside of connecting block 531, spring 534 is compressed and generates a reverse elastic force. At this time, the elastic force of spring 534 acts on positioning seat 51, making positioning seat 51 tightly against the inside of flange 100. The clamping mechanism achieves pre-clamping and automatic centering of the flange 100, ensuring that the flange 100 is accurately aligned between the three clamping seats 4. When the clamping seats 4 move towards the center under the drive of the jaws 11 to clamp the outer side of the flange 100, the linkage mechanism simultaneously drives the movable block 52 to move away from the center. The connecting block 531 moves synchronously with the movable block 52. Under the combined action of the continuous elastic force of the spring 534 and the pushing force of the movable block 52, the positioning seat 51 further presses tightly against the inner wall of the flange 100, forming a stable inner support clamping. This works in conjunction with the outer clamping of the clamping seats 4 to complete the bidirectional coordinated clamping of the flange 100, ensuring that the flange 100 does not shift or deform during the turning process. In addition, the positioning seat 51 can be selected according to the model and size of the flange 100, ensuring that while the clamping seats 4 accurately clamp the outer side of the flange 100, the positioning seat 51 fits perfectly against the inner wall of the flange 100, forming a suitable inner support.

[0023] The end of the guide rod 532 away from the positioning seat 51 is fixedly connected to the limiting plate 533, which is used to limit the sliding stroke of the guide rod 532 and prevent the positioning seat 51 from separating from the connecting block 531; the connecting block 531 has a circular groove 535 on the side near the positioning seat 51, which is used to accommodate the deformed part of the spring 534 after compression, ensuring that the spring 534 extends and retracts smoothly.

[0024] Mounting assembly 2 is also equipped with a linkage mechanism to realize the reverse synchronous movement of clamping seat 4 and positioning assembly 5; the linkage mechanism includes three mounting shafts 55, gears 54 and racks 56; the three mounting shafts 55 are fixedly connected to the top of base 22, and gears 54 are rotatably connected to the outside of mounting shafts 55 through bearings; racks 56 are fixedly connected to the ends of slider 43 and movable block 52 near gears 54, and the two racks 56 mesh with the same gear 54 respectively; through the meshing of gears 54 and racks 56, when the pawl 11 drives clamping seat 4 to move towards the center to clamp the outside of flange 100, movable block 52 drives positioning seat 51 to move away from the center, forming an expansion support in the center hole of flange 100, which forms bidirectional positioning with the outer clamping, greatly improving clamping stability; The bottom of the limiting plate 21 is provided with a mounting groove 27, in which the gear 54, mounting shaft 55 and rack 56 are all located, which avoids interference between the linkage mechanism and the external structure, and at the same time plays a protective role.

[0025] The connecting component 3 includes a connecting sleeve 31, a locking component 32, and three fixing blocks 33. The connecting sleeve 31 is slidably connected to the outside of the chuck 1 and fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate 23, realizing the initial connection between the mounting component 2 and the chuck 1. The fixing blocks 33 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 31 and slidably connected to the positioning groove on the top of the chuck 1. The positioning groove is an existing structure on the existing chuck 1, used to calibrate the installation angle of the mounting component 2, ensuring that the clamping seat 4 can be accurately aligned with the jaw 11 and fixed by bolts 42. The locking component 32 is set at the bottom of the connecting sleeve 31, used to realize the centering installation of the connecting sleeve 31 on the top of the chuck 1, ensuring the coaxiality of the clamping.

[0026] The locking component 32 includes a toothed ring 321, three locking blocks 322, three limiting blocks 323, three threaded rods 324, and three drive wheels 325. An annular cavity 311 is formed on the inner bottom side of the connecting sleeve 31. This annular cavity 311 is horizontally arranged to accommodate and allow the toothed ring 321 to rotate smoothly, preventing the toothed ring 321 from shifting or jamming during rotation. At the upper end of the annular cavity 311, three receiving grooves 312 are evenly formed along the circumference of the connecting sleeve 31. The three receiving grooves 312 are all arranged radially along the connecting sleeve 31, with their inner ends penetrating the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 31 and their outer ends communicating with the annular cavity 311, forming a through-type installation channel for accommodating the locking blocks 322. Each receiving groove 312 has a guide groove 313 formed on its upper inner wall. The guide groove 313 is perpendicular to and communicates with the receiving groove 312, used to cooperate with the limiting blocks 323 to achieve guiding and limiting. The toothed ring 321 is rotatably mounted in the annular cavity 311 of the connecting sleeve 31. Its upper end face is evenly provided with annular toothed grooves. The outer circumferential surface of the toothed ring 321 is clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the annular cavity 311, ensuring that the toothed ring 321 can rotate flexibly within the annular cavity 311 without radial displacement. Three limiting blocks 323 are slidably connected to the guide grooves 313 at the upper ends of the three receiving slots 312, respectively. The bottom of the limiting blocks 323 is fixedly connected to the top of the locking blocks 322, and the two move synchronously. The guide grooves 313 control the sliding direction of the limiting blocks 323. The restriction restricts the movement of the locking block 322, which can only move radially along the receiving groove 312, thus preventing the locking block 322 from deflecting or jamming during movement and ensuring the smoothness and accuracy of the movement of the locking block 322. The three locking blocks 322 are slidably installed in the three receiving grooves 312 respectively. The inner end of the locking block 322 can penetrate the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 31 and abut against the outer side of the chuck 1, and the outer end extends to the connection between the receiving groove 312 and the annular cavity 311. The inside of the locking block 322 is provided with a threaded hole that matches the threaded rod 324, which is used to cooperate with the threaded rod 324 to realize transmission. Three drive wheels 325 are fixedly connected to the outer ends of three threaded rods 324 respectively, and are all located in the annular cavity 311. The outer side of the drive wheel 325 is provided with gear teeth that are adapted to the upper tooth groove of the toothed ring 321. All three drive wheels 325 mesh with the toothed ring 321 to form a synchronous linkage structure, ensuring that when one drive wheel 325 rotates, it can drive the other two drive wheels 325 to rotate synchronously through the toothed ring 321. When the connecting sleeve 31 is not installed or the centering and locking are not performed, the locking component 32 is in the initial reset state. At this time, all three locking blocks 322 are completely housed in the receiving groove 312 of the connecting sleeve 31. The inner end of the locking block 322 does not penetrate the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 31 and does not protrude from the inner side of the connecting sleeve 31. Therefore, it will not hinder the connecting sleeve 31 from being fitted onto the outside of the chuck 1, nor will it affect the disassembly of the connecting sleeve 31, ensuring that the assembly and disassembly process of the mounting component 2 and the chuck 1 is convenient and smooth. At this time, the toothed ring 321 is in the initial position in the annular cavity 311. The three drive wheels 325 are engaged with the toothed ring 321. The threaded rod 324 does not rotate. The limiting block 323 is located at the outer end of the guide groove 313, which is compatible with the initial position of the locking block 322. After the connecting sleeve 31 is fitted onto the outside of the chuck 1 and the fixing block 33 is embedded in the top positioning groove of the chuck 1 to complete the installation angle calibration, when centering and positioning are required through the locking component 32, the operator can rotate the outer end of any one of the threaded rods 324, specifically the end extending to the annular cavity 311. This threaded rod 324 will drive the drive wheel 325 fixedly connected to it to rotate synchronously. Since the drive wheel 325 meshes with the toothed ring 321, the rotation of the drive wheel 325 will drive the toothed ring 321 to rotate smoothly within the annular cavity 311. When the toothed ring 321 rotates, it will synchronously drive the other two drive wheels 325 meshing with the toothed ring 321 to rotate, thereby driving the other two threaded rods 324 to rotate synchronously, achieving the same direction and speed rotation of the three threaded rods 324. As the threaded rods 324 rotate, since the threaded rods 324 are threadedly connected to the locking block 322, and the locking block 322 is in the position of the limit block 323 and the guide groove 313, Under the limiting action, it can only move radially along the receiving groove 312. Therefore, the locking block 322 will move along the receiving groove 312 towards the chuck 1. The limiting block 323 will slide inward along the guide groove 313 at the same time, providing precise guidance for the movement of the locking block 322. As the threaded rod 324 continues to rotate, the inner end of the locking block 322 will gradually penetrate the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 31 until it contacts the outer wall of the chuck 1 and generates a resisting force. Since the three threaded rods 324 rotate synchronously, the three locking blocks 322 will move inward synchronously and the movement distance is exactly the same. Therefore, the three locking blocks 322 will simultaneously and evenly resist the outer wall of the chuck 1. Through the coordinated resisting action of the three locking blocks 322, the connecting sleeve 31 will be centered and corrected to ensure that the connecting sleeve 31 is coaxial with the chuck 1, thereby ensuring that the mounting component 2 is coaxial with the chuck 1, laying the foundation for the subsequent precise clamping and turning of the flange 100. When the locking block 322 contacts the outer wall of the chuck 1 and reaches the preset locking force, the threaded rod 324 stops rotating. At this time, the toothed ring 321, the drive wheel 325, and the threaded rod 324 all stop rotating. The locking block 322 maintains its current position under the self-locking action of the threaded rod 324, and continues to generate a resisting force on the chuck 1 to achieve stable centering and positioning, and avoid the connecting sleeve 31 from shifting during the processing, which would affect the clamping accuracy and processing accuracy. When it is necessary to disassemble and install component 2, the operator rotates any one of the threaded rods 324 in the reverse direction. This threaded rod 324 will drive the corresponding drive wheel 325 to rotate in the reverse direction, which in turn drives the gear ring 321 to rotate in the reverse direction. The gear ring 321 then drives the other two drive wheels 325 and the threaded rod 324 to rotate in the reverse direction. As the threaded rod 324 rotates in the reverse direction, the locking block 322 will move along the receiving groove 312 away from the chuck 1, and the limiting block 323 will simultaneously slide outward along the guide groove 313 until the locking block 322 is completely closed. The entire assembly is stored in the storage slot 312 and returns to its initial reset state. At this time, the inner end of the locking block 322 no longer abuts against the chuck 1, nor does it protrude from the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 31. The operator can easily remove the connecting sleeve 31 from the outside of the chuck 1 to complete the disassembly of the installation component 2. After reset, the gear ring 321, drive wheel 325, threaded rod 324, and limit block 323 all return to their initial positions, preparing for the next assembly and centering, realizing the repeated use of the locking component 32 and improving the practicality and convenience of the tooling.

[0027] The locking component 32 includes a toothed ring 321, three locking blocks 322, a limiting block 323, three threaded rods 324, and a drive wheel 325. The toothed ring 321 is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the bottom of the connecting sleeve 31. The three limiting blocks 323 are evenly slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 31, and the limiting blocks 323 are fixedly connected to the top of the locking blocks 322. The locking blocks 322 penetrate the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 31 and abut against the outer side of the chuck 1. The three threaded rods 324 are rotatably mounted on the inner side of the bottom of the connecting sleeve 31, and the three threaded rods 324 are respectively... Each of the three locking blocks 322 is threadedly connected to the corresponding locking block 322. The drive wheel 325 is fixedly connected to the outside of the threaded rod 324 and meshes with the tooth groove at the upper end of the toothed ring 321. When one of the threaded rods 324 is rotated, it drives the corresponding drive wheel 325. Through the meshing of the drive wheel 325 with the toothed ring 321, it drives the other two threaded rods 324 to rotate synchronously. Thus, through the threaded transmission, the three locking blocks 322 are driven to move radially synchronously and contact the chuck 1 to achieve centering and positioning, ensuring that the mounting component 2 is coaxial with the chuck 1.

[0028] Working principle: During installation, first, the connecting sleeve 31 is placed on the outside of the chuck 1, so that the fixing block 33 is embedded in the top positioning groove of the chuck 1, and the installation angle of the installation component 2 is calibrated; when one of the threaded rods 324 is rotated, it drives the corresponding drive wheel 325. Through the meshing of the drive wheel 325 and the toothed ring 321, the other two threaded rods 324 are driven to rotate synchronously, so that the three locking blocks 322 can be driven to simultaneously abut against the chuck 1 through the thread, thus completing the centering and fixing of the installation component 2 and ensuring that it is coaxial with the chuck 1; According to the dimensions of the flange 100 to be processed, select the appropriate positioning seat 51, and fix the connecting block 531 to the end of the movable block 52 by fastening bolts to ensure that the connecting part 53 is assembled in place; fix the clamping seat 4 to the top of the claw 11 by bolts 42, so that the slider 43 is embedded into the guide groove 24 of the limiting plate 21 to complete the assembly of the clamping seat 4. When clamping flange 100, place flange 100 on top of positioning seat 51. The inclined guide surface guides flange 100 to automatically center and slowly move to the clamping position. Activate the three-jaw chuck. Jaw 11 drives clamping seat 4 to move towards the center. Simultaneously, through the meshing of rack 56 and gear 54, the movable block 52 moves away from the center, causing positioning seat 51 to abut against the inner wall of flange 100. The stepped groove 41 of clamping seat 4 fits against the outer side of flange 100, forming a coordinated internal and external clamping. Spring 534 provides preload force to further prevent flange 100 from shifting. During the machining process, the fan-shaped structure of the chuck 41 avoids the drilling area, preventing interference between the drill bit and the clamping seat 4. After turning, the three-jaw chuck is driven in the reverse direction, and the jaws 11 and the movable block 52 move in opposite directions to release the flange 100 and complete the part removal. If it is necessary to process flanges 100 of different sizes, simply remove the bolts 42 and the connecting block 531, and replace the corresponding clamping seat 4 and the positioning seat 51. The operation is convenient.

[0029] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A workpiece fixing mechanism for turning an aero-engine flange, characterized in that: It includes a chuck (1), a mounting component (2), a connecting component (3), a clamping base (4), and a positioning component (5). The top of the chuck (1) is provided with three jaws (11). The mounting component (2) is detachably mounted on the top of the chuck (1) through the connecting component (3). The clamping seat (4) is provided in three parts, which are respectively fixedly connected to the top of the three claws (11) by bolts (42). Each clamping seat (4) has a stepped fan-shaped slot (41) on its top. The positioning component (5) is located inside the mounting component (2) and includes three movable blocks (52). The three movable blocks (52) are alternately distributed between the three claws (11). Each movable block (52) has a positioning seat (51) installed at its end through a connecting component (53). The mounting component (2) is provided with a linkage mechanism, which is used to drive the clamping seat (4) and the positioning seat (51) to move synchronously in opposite directions to form internal and external cooperative clamping.

2. The workpiece fixing mechanism for turning an aero-engine flange according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting assembly (2) includes a limiting plate (21), a base (22) and a support plate (23). The limiting plate (21) and the support plate (23) are detachably mounted on the top of the base (22) by fastening bolts. The limiting plate (21) has a guide groove 1 (24), the support plate (23) has a guide groove 3 (26), and the base (22) has a guide groove 2 (25). The claw (11) passes through the guide groove 3 (26) and the guide groove 2 (25) in sequence and slides in cooperation.

3. The workpiece fixing mechanism for turning an aero-engine flange according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the clamping seat (4) is fixedly connected to a slider (43). The slider (43) is slidably connected to the inside of the guide groove (24) via a slide rail. The bottom of the bolt (42) passes through the clamping seat (4) and the slider (43) in sequence and is threadedly connected to the claw (11).

4. The workpiece fixing mechanism for turning an aero-engine flange according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting component (53) includes a connecting block (531) detachably installed at the end of the movable block (52). Two guide rods (532) are fixedly connected to the side of the positioning seat (51) near the connecting block (531). The guide rods (532) pass through and slide inside the connecting block (531). A spring (534) is fixedly installed between the positioning seat (51) and the connecting block (531).

5. The workpiece fixing mechanism for turning an aero-engine flange according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spring (534) is sleeved on the outside of the guide rod (532). The end of the guide rod (532) away from the positioning seat (51) is fixedly connected to the limiting plate (533). The guide rod (532) has a circular groove (535) for accommodating the spring (534) on the side near the positioning seat (51).

6. The workpiece fixing mechanism for turning an aero-engine flange according to claim 3, characterized in that: The linkage mechanism includes three mounting shafts (55), gears (54) and racks (56). The mounting shafts (55) are fixedly connected to the top of the base (22). The gears (54) are rotatably connected to the outside of the mounting shafts (55) through bearings. The slider (43) and the movable block (52) are both fixedly connected to the racks (56) at the ends near the gears (54). The two racks (56) mesh with the same gear (54) respectively. The bottom of the limiting plate (21) is provided with a mounting groove (27). The gears (54), mounting shafts (55) and racks (56) are all located in the mounting groove (27).

7. The workpiece fixing mechanism for turning an aero-engine flange according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting component (3) includes a connecting sleeve (31) that is slidably connected to the outside of the chuck (1). The connecting sleeve (31) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate (23). Three fixing blocks (33) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting sleeve (31). The fixing blocks (33) are slidably connected to the top positioning groove of the chuck (1). A locking component (32) is provided at the bottom of the connecting sleeve (31).

8. The workpiece fixing mechanism for turning an aero-engine flange according to claim 7, characterized in that: The locking component (32) includes a toothed ring (321) rotatably mounted on the bottom of the connecting sleeve (31). Inside the connecting sleeve (31), three locking blocks (322) are slidably connected by limiting blocks (323). The opposite ends of the three locking blocks (322) penetrate the inner wall of the connecting sleeve (31). Three threaded rods (324) are rotatably mounted on the bottom of the connecting sleeve (31). The threaded rods (324) are threadedly connected to the locking blocks (322). A drive wheel (325) is fixedly connected to the outside of the threaded rod (324). The drive wheel (325) has a toothed groove on its outside that matches the toothed ring (321). The drive wheel (325) meshes with the toothed ring (321).

9. The workpiece fixing mechanism for turning an aero-engine flange according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom inner side of the connecting sleeve (31) is provided with an annular cavity (311), and the upper end of the annular cavity (311) is provided with three storage slots (312) evenly distributed along the circumference of the connecting sleeve (31). Each storage slot (312) has a guide groove (313) on its upper inner wall.

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