Full-automatic mounting equipment for C-shaped bushing

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of automatic assembly, in particular to full-automatic mounting equipment for a C-shaped bush. Comprising a limited conveying channel, a differential separation device, a gravity guide slide way, a friction type self-adaptive rotating device, a first flexible internal expansion material moving manipulator, a T-shaped screening and conveying device, a jacking and unloading device, a second flexible internal expansion material moving manipulator, a dual-die alternate reducing device and a press fitting device which are sequentially arranged along the technological process. The C-shaped linings which are connected in a hooked mode are separated through the differential separation device, the C-shaped linings are conveyed in the specified direction through the friction type self-adaption rotating device and the T-shaped screening and conveying device, and finally installation of the C-shaped linings is completed through the double-die alternate reducing device and the press-fitting device. The problem that automatic feeding, feeding and press fitting are difficult due to the shape defect that the C-shaped lining has an opening is solved.

Description

A fully automatic installation device for C-type bushings Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automated assembly, and more specifically to a fully automated installation device for C-type bushings. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the automated assembly technology for C-type bushings is not yet mature. People mostly use traditional semi-automatic assembly technology to press-fit C-type bushings. The main reasons are as follows: First, C-type bushings have an opening and a C-shaped structure, which makes them very easy to hook or nest with each other during bulk material stacking or vibrating conveying.

[0003] Second, the installation of C-type bushings has strict requirements on the opening direction, and conventional external clamping mechanisms are difficult to achieve accurate opening angle correction during high-speed transmission, and are prone to bushing deformation or surface damage.

[0004] Third, in the final press-fitting stage, C-type bushings usually need to be reduced in diameter to accommodate the interference fit. Existing installation tools often lack an integrated diameter reduction guiding mechanism, which makes press-fitting alignment difficult and results in a high scrap rate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fully automatic installation device for C-type bushings, so as to solve the problems that the C-type bushings are circular and have openings, which lead to hooking problems during transportation and edge damage problems during pressing.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention specifically provides the following technical solution: a fully automatic installation device, comprising, sequentially arranged along the process flow: a restricted conveying channel for receiving C-shaped bushings and arranging them into a single column for conveying, the end of which is used to block the forward movement of the C-shaped bushings; a differential separation device disposed at the end of the restricted conveying channel for separating the interconnected C-shaped bushings and ejecting them one by one; a gravity guide slide for receiving the C-shaped bushings ejected by the differential separation device and conveying the C-shaped bushings downward by gravity; a friction-type adaptive rotation device disposed at the end of the gravity guide slide for receiving the C-shaped bushings and uniformly adjusting their opening direction to a preset angle; and a first flexible internal expansion transfer mechanism. A hand is used to grasp the C-shaped bushing after rotation adjustment; a T-shaped screening and conveying device receives the C-shaped bushing transferred by the first flexible internal expansion and transfer manipulator, and performs screening and conveying according to the correctness of the opening direction; a lifting and unloading device is set downstream of the T-shaped screening and conveying device to lift and unload qualified C-shaped bushings; a second flexible internal expansion and transfer manipulator is used to grasp the C-shaped bushing lifted by the lifting and unloading device; a dual-mold alternating diameter reduction device receives the C-shaped bushing transferred by the second flexible internal expansion and transfer manipulator, and performs radial compression and positioning on it; a pressing device works in conjunction with the dual-mold alternating diameter reduction device to press the compressed C-shaped bushing into the workpiece to be installed.

[0007] Furthermore, the restricted conveying channel has a bottom wall, two side walls, and a vertical limiting baffle located above, with a semi-circular end stop at its end; the differential separation device includes a crescent-shaped lifting column capable of moving up and down through the bottom wall, the cross-section of the crescent-shaped lifting column being crescent-shaped, and the two teeth on its two sides being set close to the two side walls of the restricted conveying channel; when the C-type bushings are interlocked, the crescent-shaped lifting column uses its crescent-shaped cross-section to support the C-type bushing located in front, while the C-type bushing located behind is blocked and stuck by the vertical limiting baffle, thereby achieving separation.

[0008] Furthermore, the friction-type adaptive rotation device includes an active friction wheel and two auxiliary support wheels distributed on a circumference; the active friction wheel is connected to a rotation drive motor, and its diameter is configured such that when the opening of the C-shaped bushing rotates to face the active friction wheel, the outer circumferential surface of the active friction wheel is located between the openings of the C-shaped bushing, thereby causing the active friction wheel to disengage from the outer wall of the C-shaped bushing, causing the C-shaped bushing to stop rotating.

[0009] Furthermore, the first flexible internal expansion transfer manipulator includes a first rubber sleeve and a first variable-diameter plunger, and the second flexible internal expansion transfer manipulator includes a second rubber sleeve and a second variable-diameter plunger; the first variable-diameter plunger and the second variable-diameter plunger can be inserted into the first rubber sleeve and the second rubber sleeve respectively during axial movement to expand them, thereby gripping the C-shaped bushing from the inside; the cross-section of the first rubber sleeve and the second rubber sleeve is elliptical or oblong to avoid the opening position of the C-shaped bushing during expansion.

[0010] Furthermore, the T-shaped screening conveyor includes a linear drive conveyor and a plurality of spaced T-shaped directional blocks; the T-shaped directional blocks have a T-shaped cross-section and are configured to be able to insert only the C-shaped bushings with the correct opening direction; a return collection hopper is provided below the linear drive conveyor for collecting the C-shaped bushings that have not been caught by the T-shaped directional blocks and have slipped down due to incorrect opening direction.

[0011] Furthermore, the lifting and unloading device is located below the linear drive conveyor and includes a second lifting driver and a second lifting and distributing column driven by the driver that can pass through the linear drive conveyor; the top of the second lifting and distributing column is provided with a clearance tooth, and a clearance groove is formed between two adjacent clearance teeth to avoid the T-shaped directional block when lifting the C-shaped bushing, thereby ejecting the C-shaped bushing from the T-shaped directional block without interference.

[0012] Furthermore, the dual-mold alternating diameter reduction device includes two guide-type diameter reduction molds and a synchronous shifting drive mechanism; each guide-type diameter reduction mold has an axially penetrating anti-rotation guide strip in its inner hole, which is used to engage with the opening of the C-type bushing to prevent it from rotating during the pressing process; the synchronous shifting drive mechanism is configured to drive the two guide-type diameter reduction molds to move alternately between the material receiving station and the pressing station, so that while one guide-type diameter reduction mold is receiving material, the other guide-type diameter reduction mold is performing pressing.

[0013] Furthermore, the inner hole of the guide-type diameter reduction mold includes a tapered hole and a cylindrical hole continuously arranged along the feeding direction, and the anti-rotation guide strip extends through the tapered hole and the cylindrical hole.

[0014] Furthermore, the pressing device includes a clearance-type pressing head and a clearance-type bearing head, both of which are cylindrical bodies capable of passing through the inner hole of the guide-type diameter reduction mold; the side walls of the clearance-type pressing head and the clearance-type bearing head are provided with clearance grooves to accommodate the anti-rotation guide strip inside the guide-type diameter reduction mold during the pressing process.

[0015] Furthermore, the clearance-type pressing head is used to press the C-shaped bushing into the guide-type reducing die, and the clearance-type bearing head is used to support the C-shaped bushing from below; during the pressing process, the clearance-type bearing head retracts synchronously with the feed of the clearance-type pressing head until the C-shaped bushing is pushed into the workpiece to be installed.

[0016] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are: it proposes a fully automatic installation device that separates the interconnected C-type bushings through a differential separation device, transports the C-type bushings in a specified direction through a friction-type adaptive rotation device and a T-type screening and conveying device, and finally completes the installation of the C-type bushings through a dual-mold alternating diameter reduction device and a pressing device. This solves the problem that the C-type bushings are difficult to automate due to their open shape. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a perspective view of the vibrating feeder, restricted conveying channel, differential separation device, and gravity guide slide of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a top view of the vibrating feeder, restricted conveying channel, differential separation device, and gravity guide slide of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view along the AA direction of Figure 3; Figure 5 is a plan view of the friction-type adaptive rotation device of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 is a perspective view of the friction-type adaptive rotation device of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 is a perspective view of the first flexible internal expansion material transfer robot of an embodiment of the present invention, showing the working conditions of two different stations of the first flexible internal expansion material transfer robot; Figure 8 is a front view of one working condition of the first flexible internal expansion material transfer robot of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9... Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view along the BB direction; Figure 10 is a front view of another working condition of the first flexible internal expansion and transfer manipulator according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view along the CC direction of Figure 10; Figure 12 is a front view of the first transfer gripper according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view along the DD direction of Figure 11; Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view along the EE direction of Figure 11; Figure 15 is a perspective view of the T-shaped screening and conveying device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 16 is a front view of the T-shaped screening and conveying device, the lifting and unloading device, and the second flexible internal expansion and transfer manipulator according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view along the FF direction of Figure 16; Figure 18 is a perspective view of the dual-mold alternating diameter reduction device and the pressing device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 19 is a dual-mold alternating diameter reduction device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 20 is a perspective view of the pressing device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 21 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 20 along the GG direction; Figure 22 is a perspective cross-sectional view of the male and female molds in the pressing state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 23 is a perspective cross-sectional view of the male and female molds in the pressing completed state according to an embodiment of the present invention; The labels in the figures represent the following: 1-C-type bushing; 2-vibrating feeder; 3-restricted conveying channel; 31-end stop; 32-vertical limiting baffle; 4-differential separation device; 41-first lifting driver; 42-crescent-shaped lifting column; 43-tooth; 44-guide slope; 5-gravity guide slide; 51-transition guide sleeve; 6-friction type adaptive rotation device; 61-rotation drive motor; 62-main 63-Auxiliary support wheel; 7-First flexible internal expansion transfer manipulator; 71-First transfer manipulator arm; 711-First rotary driver; 712-First telescopic driver; 72-First transfer gripper; 721-First rubber sleeve; 722-First variable diameter plunger; 723-Second telescopic driver; 724-First manipulator mounting bracket; 8-T-type screening conveyor; 81-Linear drive conveyor; 811-T-type directional block; 82-Non-powered feeding track; 821-Straight bearing plate; 822-Return collection hopper; 9-Lifting and unloading device; 91-Second lifting driver; 92-Second lifting and distributing column; 921-Limiting boss; 93-Avoidance teeth; 10-Second flexible internal expansion transfer manipulator;101-Second material handling robotic arm; 1011-Horizontal linear actuator; 1012-Third telescopic actuator; 102-Second material handling gripper; 1021-Second rubber sleeve; 1022-Second reducing plunger; 1023-Fourth telescopic actuator; 1024-Second robotic arm mounting bracket; 11-Dual-mold alternating diameter reduction device; 111-Guided diameter reduction mold; 1111-Diameter reduction guide cylinder; 1112-Conical hole; 1113-Cylindrical hole; 1114-Anti-rotation guide strip; 1 12-Synchronous shifting drive mechanism; 1121-Second rotary driver; 1122-Third rotary driver; 1123-Long rod slider; 1124-Cylindrical slider; 1125-Rotating rod; 1126-Slide groove; 12-Pressure fitting device; 121-Press machine; 122-Male mold; 1221-Alternating pressure fitting head; 1222-First elastic reset mechanism; 123-Female mold; 1231-Alternating bearing head; 1232-Second elastic reset mechanism; 124-Workpiece to be installed. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] To automate the entire process of C-type bushing 1 from bulk material feeding, separation and decoupling, attitude adjustment to precision pressing, this invention proposes a fully automatic C-type bushing installation device. It uses a unique differential separation technology to solve the problem of material entanglement, uses a flexible internal expansion method to achieve non-destructive transportation, and uses a dual-mold alternating diameter reduction mechanism to ensure pressing accuracy.

[0021] Specifically, referring to Figures 1 to 23, the C-type bushing 1 is an oil-free bushing with an opening, and the system composition of the fully automatic installation equipment is as follows.

[0022] Refer to Figures 1, 2, and 3. The vibrating feeder 2 is used to place a large number of C-type bushings 1 and transfer these C-type bushings 1 into a straight, confined conveying channel 3, regardless of whether the C-type bushings 1 are interlocked.

[0023] Referring to Figures 4 and 5, the restricted conveying channel 3 is a straight track with a bottom wall and two side walls. One end of the track is connected to the output end of the vibrating feed plate 2, and the other end is provided with a semi-circular end stop 31 to prevent the C-shaped bushing 1 from moving.

[0024] Typically, a vibrator is installed at the bottom of the restricted conveying channel 3 to move the material on it forward through vibration. The vibrator is not shown in the figure.

[0025] At the end stop 31 of the restricted conveying channel 3, a through hole is provided that penetrates the bottom wall of the restricted conveying channel 3; a vertical limiting baffle 32 is also provided above the restricted conveying channel 3. The vertical distance between the bottom of the vertical limiting baffle 32 and the bottom wall of the restricted conveying channel 3 is slightly higher than the height of the C-type bushing 1, so that the C-type bushing 1 can neither detach from the restricted conveying channel 3 in the vertical direction nor hinder the C-type bushing 1 from moving forward in vibration.

[0026] Referring to Figures 4 and 5, the differential separation device 4 is located below the restricted conveying channel 3 and includes a first lifting drive 41 and a crescent-shaped lifting column 42, wherein the vertical limiting baffle 32 does not cover the top of the crescent-shaped lifting column 42.

[0027] The actuator of the first lifting drive 41 (e.g., a thrust cylinder) is connected to the bottom of the crescent-shaped lifting column 42, which can vertically pass through the through hole in the restricted conveying channel 3. When the crescent-shaped lifting column 42 descends, its top is slightly lower than the bottom wall of the restricted conveying channel 3, so that the C-shaped bushing 1 that contacts the end stop 31 can move to the top of the crescent-shaped lifting column 42. The cross-section of the crescent-shaped lifting column 42 is crescent-shaped, and the two teeth 43 on both sides are close to the two side walls of the restricted conveying channel 3. This is because the opening of the first C-shaped bushing 1 that contacts the end stop 31 must be rearward, and one end of it must be inserted into the opening of the other C-shaped bushing 1. This embedding relationship causes the two side walls of the latter C-shaped bushing 1 to be pushed towards the centerline, which in turn makes it difficult for the two sides of the opening of the rear C-shaped bushing 1 to approach the two side walls of the restricted conveying channel 3.

[0028] Based on this design, when the crescent-shaped lifting column 42 rises, it can lift the C-shaped bushing 1 that contacts the end stop 31, while the other C-shaped bushing 1 located behind it is blocked by the vertical limiting baffle 32, thereby separating the two interconnected C-shaped bushings 1 from each other.

[0029] Referring to Figures 4, 5, and 6, the gravity guide slide 5 is a track with one end higher than the other, designed to guide the C-type bushing 1 to slide down to the lower end under the influence of gravity. The higher end is positioned directly above the crescent-shaped lifting column 42. To ensure that the lifted C-type bushing 1 can move smoothly into the gravity guide slide 5, a cylindrical transition guide sleeve 51 is provided between the gravity guide slide 5 and the restricted conveying channel 3. Furthermore, a guide slope 44 parallel to the bottom wall of the gravity guide slide 5 is provided at the top of the crescent-shaped lifting column 42, so that after the C-type bushing 1 is lifted and leaves the transition guide sleeve 51, it immediately tilts and flows downward along the guide slope 44 and the gravity guide slide 5.

[0030] Referring to Figures 4 and 6, the friction-type adaptive rotation device 6 includes a rotation drive motor 61, an active friction wheel 62, and two auxiliary support wheels 63. The active friction wheel 62 is located at the lowest point of the gravity guide slide 5 and in the middle of the gravity guide slide 5. The two auxiliary support wheels 63 are respectively located on both sides of the active friction wheel 62. The active friction wheel 62 and the two auxiliary support wheels 63 are distributed on a circle, so that when the C-shaped bushing 1 slides to the lowest point of the gravity guide slide 5, the outer peripheral wall of the C-shaped bushing 1 simultaneously contacts the outer peripheral walls of the active friction wheel 62 and the two auxiliary support wheels 63, and actively... Friction wheel 62 is frictionally connected to C-type bushing 1. The output shaft of rotation drive motor 61 is fixedly connected to active friction wheel 62. When active friction wheel 62 rotates, C-type bushing 1 rotates synchronously. The diameter of active friction wheel 62 is designed such that when the opening of C-type bushing 1 faces active friction wheel 62, the edges of the two openings of C-type bushing 1 do not contact active friction wheel 62. This design allows C-type bushing 1 to disengage from active friction wheel 62 when active friction wheel 62 drives the opening direction of C-type bushing 1 to rotate to a preset angle, and C-type bushing 1 maintains its current opening direction.

[0031] Referring to Figures 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11, the first flexible internal expansion transfer manipulator 7 includes a first transfer manipulator arm 71 and a first transfer gripper 72. The first transfer manipulator arm 71 is used to move the first transfer gripper 72, and the first transfer gripper 72 is used to insert into the interior of the C-shaped bushing 1 to grip the C-shaped bushing 1 by contacting and rubbing against the inner peripheral wall of the C-shaped bushing 1. Specifically, the first transfer manipulator arm 71 includes a first rotary actuator 711 (e.g., a rotary cylinder) and a first telescopic actuator 712 (e.g., a thrust cylinder). The first telescopic actuator 712 is mounted on the actuator of the first rotary actuator 711, which is mounted on a frame, while the first transfer gripper 72 is mounted on the first telescopic actuator 712. After the first transfer gripper 72 grips the C-shaped bushing 1, the first rotary actuator 711 and the first telescopic actuator 712 work together to move the C-shaped bushing 1 from the end of the gravity guide slide 5 to the downstream T-shaped screening conveyor (8).

[0032] Further, referring to Figures 12, 13, and 14, the first material handling gripper 72 includes a first rubber sleeve 721, a first variable-diameter plunger 722, a second telescopic actuator 723, and a first manipulator mounting bracket 724 that fixes the first rubber sleeve 721 and the second telescopic actuator 723 to the actuator of the first telescopic actuator 712. The first rubber sleeve 721 has an elliptical or oblong cross-section, so that it can avoid the opening of the C-shaped bushing 1 when it expands, thereby preventing the first rubber sleeve 721 from being... The opening of the C-type bushing 1 is cut. The second telescopic actuator 723 (e.g., a thrust cylinder) is used to drive the first variable diameter plunger 722 to move along the axis of the first rubber sleeve 721. The first variable diameter plunger 722 has a front axle section with a smaller diameter and a rear axle section with a larger diameter, so that when the first variable diameter plunger 722 is axially pushed out, its front axle section leaves the interior of the first rubber sleeve 721, while the rear axle section inserts into the interior of the first rubber sleeve 721, so that the first rubber sleeve 721 is opened and then grips the C-type bushing 1 from the inside.

[0033] Referring to Figure 15. The T-shaped screening conveyor (8) includes a linear drive conveyor 81 (either a belt conveyor or a chain conveyor) and a low-friction, unpowered feeding track 82. Several T-shaped directional blocks 811 are installed at equal intervals along the conveying direction on the conveyor belt of the linear drive conveyor 81. The cross-section of the T-shaped directional blocks 811 is T-shaped. The first flexible internal expansion material transfer robot 7 moves the C-shaped bushing 1 to directly above the unpowered feeding track 82 and allows it to fall freely. When the opening direction of the C-shaped bushing 1 is correct, the T-shaped directional blocks 811 can be inserted into the opening of the C-shaped bushing 1. The T-shaped cross-section of the T-shaped directional blocks 811 can prevent the C-shaped bushing 1 from separating from itself.

[0034] Furthermore, the unpowered feeding track 82 includes a flat support plate 821 and a return collection hopper 822 located below the flat support plate 821. The width of the flat support plate 821 is slightly larger than the radius of the C-shaped bushing 1. For example, the width of the flat support plate 821 is 1.1 to 1.3 times the radius of the C-shaped bushing 1. When the C-shaped bushing 1 is just fitted onto the T-shaped directional block 811, the operation of the linear drive conveyor 81 can drive the T-shaped directional block 811 to move and cause the C-shaped bushing 1 to slide on the flat support plate 821. However, when the opening direction of the C-shaped bushing 1 is incorrect, after the C-shaped bushing 1 falls onto the flat support plate 821, it will be pushed by the T-shaped directional block 811 into the interior of the return collection hopper 822.

[0035] Referring to Figures 15, 16, and 17, the lifting and unloading device 9 is located below the unpowered feeding track 82 and includes a second lifting drive 91 and a second lifting and distributing column 92. The actuator of the second lifting drive 91 (e.g., a thrust cylinder) is connected to the bottom of the second lifting and distributing column 92, which can vertically pass through the through hole on the unpowered feeding track 82. When the second lifting and distributing column 92 descends, its top is slightly lower than the bottom wall of the unpowered feeding track 82, allowing the C-shaped bushing 1, which has moved to the position of the through hole, to move to the top of the second lifting and distributing column 92. The cross-section of the second lifting and distributing column 92 is crescent-shaped, and its two abutment teeth 93 abut the position of the T-shaped directional block 811. Based on this design, when the second lifting and distributing column 92 rises, it can lift the C-shaped bushing 1 fitted on the T-shaped directional block 811.

[0036] Furthermore, a limiting boss 921 is provided at the center of the second lifting and distributing column 92. When the second lifting and distributing column 92 lifts the C-shaped bushing 1, the limiting boss 921 is inserted into the interior of the C-shaped bushing 1, thereby constraining the C-shaped bushing 1 to prevent it from falling off the top of the second lifting and distributing column 92.

[0037] Referring to Figures 16 and 17, the second flexible internal expansion transfer robot 10 includes a second transfer robot arm 101 and a second transfer gripper 102. The second transfer robot arm 101 is used to move the second transfer gripper 102, and the second transfer gripper 102 is used to insert into the interior of the C-shaped bushing 1 to grasp the C-shaped bushing 1 by contacting and rubbing against the inner peripheral wall of the C-shaped bushing 1. Specifically, the second material transfer robotic arm 101 includes a horizontal linear actuator 1011 (e.g., a synchronous belt slide) and a third telescopic actuator 1012 (e.g., a thrust cylinder). The third telescopic actuator 1012 is mounted on the actuator of the horizontal linear actuator 1011, which is mounted on the frame. The second material transfer gripper 102 is mounted on the third telescopic actuator 1012. After the second material transfer gripper 102 grips the C-shaped bushing 1, the horizontal linear actuator 1011 and the third telescopic actuator 1012 work together to remove the C-shaped bushing 1 from the top of the second lifting and distributing column 92 and move it to the downstream dual-mold alternating diameter reduction device 11.

[0038] The second material transfer gripper 102 has the same structure as the first material transfer gripper 72. Specifically, referring to Figure 17, the second material transfer gripper 102 includes a second rubber sleeve 1021, a second variable-diameter plunger 1022, a fourth telescopic actuator 1023, and a second manipulator mounting bracket 1024 that fixes the second rubber sleeve 1021 and the fourth telescopic actuator 1023 to the actuator of the third telescopic actuator 1012. The second rubber sleeve 1021 has an elliptical or oblong cross-section, so that it can avoid the opening of the C-type bushing 1 when it expands, thereby preventing the second The rubber sleeve 1021 is cut by the opening of the C-shaped bushing 1. The fourth telescopic actuator 1023 (e.g., a thrust cylinder) is used to drive the second variable-diameter plunger 1022 to move along the axis of the second rubber sleeve 1021. The second variable-diameter plunger 1022 has a front axle section with a smaller diameter and a rear axle section with a larger diameter, so that when the second variable-diameter plunger 1022 is axially pushed out, its front axle section leaves the interior of the second rubber sleeve 1021, while its rear axle section inserts into the interior of the second rubber sleeve 1021, so that the second rubber sleeve 1021 is opened and the C-shaped bushing 1 is gripped from the inside. The second material transfer robotic arm 101 and the second material transfer gripper 102 work together to remove the C-shaped bushing 1 from the top of the second lifting and distributing column 92 and move it to the downstream dual-mold alternating diameter reduction device 11.

[0039] Referring to Figures 18 and 19, the dual-mold alternating diameter reduction device 11 includes two guide-type diameter reduction molds 111 and a synchronous shifting drive mechanism 112. Each guide-type diameter reduction mold 111 includes a diameter reduction guide cylinder 1111. The inner hole of the diameter reduction guide cylinder 1111 includes a continuous conical hole 1112 and a cylindrical hole 1113 along the axial direction, and an anti-rotation guide strip 1114 passing axially through the conical hole 1112 and the cylindrical hole 1113. A C-shaped bushing 1 can be placed in the conical hole 1112, and the opening of the C-shaped bushing 1 can clamp the anti-rotation guide strip 1114. The synchronous shifting drive mechanism 112 is used to exchange the positions of the two guide-type diameter reduction molds 111. One guide-type diameter reduction mold 111 is located at the unloading station of the second flexible internal expansion material transfer robot 10, and the other guide-type diameter reduction mold 111 is located at the pressing station of the pressing device 12.

[0040] When the C-type bushing 1 is subjected to axial downward pressure, the C-type bushing 1 is squeezed into the interior of the cylindrical opening 1113, the opening of the C-type bushing 1 contracts inward, and the diameter of the C-type bushing 1 decreases. On the other hand, the synchronous shifting drive mechanism 112 includes a second rotary driver 1121 and a third rotary driver 1122 coaxially nested. The second rotary driver 1121 is fixedly connected to the frame, and the third rotary driver 1122 is fixedly connected to a rotary table. The rotary table is fixedly connected to the actuator of the second rotary driver 1121. Two parallel sliding rod sliders 1123 are provided on the rotary table. One end of each long rod slider 1123 is connected to a guide-type diameter reduction mold 111, and the other end of each long rod slider 1123 is connected to a cylindrical slider 1124. The actuator of the third rotary driver 1122 is connected to a rotating rod 1125. The rotating rod 1125 is provided with a groove 1126 that slides with the cylindrical slider 1124 and allows the cylindrical slider 1124 to rotate therein. Based on the above structure, when the third rotary driver 1122 is working, the rotating rod 1125 drives the cylindrical slider 1124 to slide inside the slide groove 1126, so that the two long rod sliders 1123 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the execution part of the third rotary driver 1122 move towards each other, so that the two guide-type diameter reduction molds 111 move closer or further away from each other. When the second rotary driver 1121 is working, the two guide-type diameter reduction molds 111 exchange their positions, so that when one guide-type diameter reduction mold 111 is located at the unloading station, the other guide-type diameter reduction mold 111 is located at the pressing station.

[0041] Referring to Figures 20, 21, 22, and 23, the pressing device 12 includes a press 121, a male mold 122, and a female mold 123. The female mold 123 is used to fix the workpiece 124 to be installed. The guide-type diameter reduction mold 111 is part of the female mold 123 and performs the dual functions of the female mold 123 and the transfer C-type bushing 1.

[0042] The male mold 122 includes a clearance-type press-fit head 1221, and the female mold 123 includes a clearance-type bearing head 1231. Both the clearance-type press-fit head 1221 and the clearance-type bearing head 1231 are cylindrical in shape that can axially pass through the guide-type reducing die 111. Both the clearance-type press-fit head 1221 and the clearance-type bearing head 1231 have clearance grooves for clearance of the anti-rotation guide strip 1114. This design allows the clearance-type press-fit head 1221 and the clearance-type bearing head 1231 to apply pressure to both ends of the C-type bushing 1, avoiding the opening edge of the C-type bushing 1 and preventing the C-type bushing 1 from being crushed.

[0043] Specifically, the clearance-type press head 1221 is connected to the execution part of the press 121 through the first elastic reset mechanism 1222, while the clearance-type bearing head 1231 is connected to the frame through the second elastic reset mechanism 1232. When the press 121 is working, the clearance-type press head 1221 first inserts into the interior of the C-type bushing 1 and applies pressure to the top of the C-type bushing 1 using its stepped surface. The C-type bushing 1 moves downward along the conical hole 1112 and contracts radially. It moves along the cylindrical hole 1113 to the mounting hole on the workpiece 124 to be installed. During this process, the clearance-type bearing head 1231 supports the bottom of the C-type bushing 1 from below, keeping the axis of the C-type bushing 1 itself from deviating from the axis of the mounting hole.

[0044] The above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present invention within its spirit and scope of protection, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions should also be considered as falling within the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully automatic installation device for C-type bushings, characterized in that, The system includes, sequentially arranged along the process flow: a restricted conveying channel (3) for receiving C-type bushings (1) and arranging them into a single column for conveying, with its end used to block the forward movement of the C-type bushings (1); a differential separation device (4) located at the end of the restricted conveying channel (3) for separating the interconnected C-type bushings (1) and ejecting them one by one; a gravity guide slide (5) for receiving the C-type bushings (1) ejected by the differential separation device (4) and using gravity to convey the C-type bushings (1) downwards; a friction-type adaptive rotation device (6) located at the end of the gravity guide slide (5) for receiving the C-type bushings (1) and uniformly adjusting their opening direction to a preset angle; and a first flexible internal expansion material transfer robot (7) for gripping the C-type bushings (1) after rotation adjustment; T The T-shaped screening and conveying device (8) receives the C-shaped bushing (1) transferred by the first flexible internal expansion and transfer manipulator (7) and performs screening and conveying according to the correctness of the opening direction; the lifting and unloading device (9) is set downstream of the T-shaped screening and conveying device (8) and is used to lift and unload the qualified C-shaped bushing (1); the second flexible internal expansion and transfer manipulator (10) is used to grab the C-shaped bushing (1) lifted by the lifting and unloading device (9); the dual-mold alternating diameter reduction device (11) receives the C-shaped bushing (1) transferred by the second flexible internal expansion and transfer manipulator (10) and performs radial compression and positioning on it; the pressing device (12) works in conjunction with the dual-mold alternating diameter reduction device (11) to press the compressed C-shaped bushing (1) into the workpiece (124) to be installed.

2. The fully automatic installation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The restricted conveying channel (3) has a bottom wall, two side walls and a vertical limiting baffle (32) located above, and a semi-circular end stop (31) is provided at its end; the differential separation device (4) includes a crescent-shaped lifting column (42) that can move up and down through the bottom wall. The cross-section of the crescent-shaped lifting column (42) is crescent-shaped, and the two teeth (43) on both sides are set close to the two side walls of the restricted conveying channel (3); when the C-type bushings (1) are connected to each other, the crescent-shaped lifting column (42) uses the crescent-shaped cross-section to lift the C-type bushing (1) located in front, while the C-type bushing (1) located behind is blocked by the vertical limiting baffle (32) and remains there, thereby achieving separation.

3. The fully automatic installation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The friction-type adaptive rotation device (6) includes an active friction wheel (62) and two auxiliary support wheels (63) distributed on a circumference; the active friction wheel (62) is connected to a rotation drive motor (61), and its diameter is configured such that when the opening of the C-shaped bushing (1) rotates to face the active friction wheel (62), the outer circumferential surface of the active friction wheel (62) is located between the openings of the C-shaped bushing (1), thereby causing the active friction wheel (62) to disengage from the outer wall of the C-shaped bushing (1), and causing the C-shaped bushing (1) to stop rotating.

4. The fully automatic installation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first flexible internal expansion transfer manipulator (7) includes a first rubber sleeve (721) and a first variable diameter plunger (722), and the second flexible internal expansion transfer manipulator (10) includes a second rubber sleeve (1021) and a second variable diameter plunger (1022). When the first variable diameter plunger (722) and the second variable diameter plunger (1022) move axially, they can be inserted into the first rubber sleeve (721) and the second rubber sleeve (1021) respectively to expand them, thereby gripping the C-shaped bushing (1) from the inside. The cross-section of the first rubber sleeve (721) and the second rubber sleeve (1021) is elliptical or oblong to avoid the opening position of the C-shaped bushing (1) when expanding.

5. The fully automatic installation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The T-shaped screening conveyor (8) includes a linear drive conveyor (81) and a plurality of spaced T-shaped directional blocks (811); the T-shaped directional blocks (811) have a T-shaped cross section and are configured to be able to insert only the C-shaped bushings (1) with the correct opening direction; a return collection hopper (822) is provided below the linear drive conveyor (81) for collecting the C-shaped bushings (1) that have not been caught by the T-shaped directional blocks (811) and have slipped off due to incorrect opening direction.

6. The fully automatic installation equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lifting and unloading device (9) is located below the linear drive conveyor (81) and includes a second lifting driver (91) and a second lifting and distributing column (92) driven by the second lifting and distributing column (92) that can pass through the linear drive conveyor (81). The top of the second lifting and distributing column (92) is provided with a clearance tooth (93), and a clearance groove is formed between two adjacent clearance teeth (93) for clearance of the T-shaped directional block (811) when lifting the C-shaped bushing (1), thereby pushing the C-shaped bushing (1) out of the T-shaped directional block (811) without interference.

7. The fully automatic installation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual-mold alternating diameter reduction device (11) includes two guide-type diameter reduction molds (111) and a synchronous shifting drive mechanism (112); each guide-type diameter reduction mold (111) has an axially penetrating anti-rotation guide strip (1114) in its inner hole, which is used to engage with the opening of the C-type bushing (1) to prevent it from rotating during the pressing process; the synchronous shifting drive mechanism (112) is configured to drive the two guide-type diameter reduction molds (111) to move alternately between the receiving station and the pressing station, so that while one guide-type diameter reduction mold (111) is receiving material, the other guide-type diameter reduction mold (111) is performing pressing.

8. The fully automatic installation equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inner hole of the guide-type reducing die (111) includes a tapered hole (1112) and a cylindrical hole (1113) continuously arranged along the feeding direction, and the anti-rotation guide strip (1114) extends through the tapered hole (1112) and the cylindrical hole (1113).

9. The fully automatic installation equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The pressing device (12) includes a clearance-type pressing head (1221) and a clearance-type bearing head (1231), both of which are cylindrical bodies capable of passing through the inner hole of the guide-type reducing mold (111); the side walls of the clearance-type pressing head (1221) and the clearance-type bearing head (1231) are provided with clearance grooves to accommodate the anti-rotation guide strip (1114) inside the guide-type reducing mold (111) during the pressing process.

10. The fully automatic installation equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that, The clearance press head (1221) is used to press the C-type bushing (1) into the guide-type reducing mold (111), and the clearance bearing head (1231) is used to support the C-type bushing (1) from below; during the press-fitting process, the clearance bearing head (1231) retracts synchronously with the feed of the clearance press head (1221) until the C-type bushing (1) is pushed into the workpiece (124) to be installed.

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